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Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge Ordinary Level

BIOLOGY 5090/11
Paper 1 Multiple Choice May/June 2017
1 hour
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Soft clean eraser
*1273689456*

Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided
unless this has been done for you.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four possible
answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate Answer Sheet.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
Electronic calculators may be used.

This document consists of 16 printed pages.

IB17 06_5090_11/3RP
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2

1 The diagram shows cells from a plant leaf.

Which structure contains a high concentration of magnesium?

D C

2 Which of these processes will always occur down a concentration gradient?

active transport diffusion osmosis

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

3 A student cuts out four cylinders of potato. Each cylinder is 30 mm long. The cylinders are all of
the same diameter.

The potato cylinders are placed in sugar solutions of different concentrations. After one hour, the
lengths of the cylinders are measured again. The results are shown in the table.

Which sugar solution has a water potential closest to that of the potato cells?

concentration
starting length length after
of sugar
/ mm one hour / mm
/ mol per dm3

A 0.1 30 33
B 0.3 30 31
C 0.4 30 27
D 0.5 30 26

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

4 Which are properties of enzymes?

reusable specific in unaffected by

many times their action temperature

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

5 The diagram refers to some substances found in plant cells.

Which area of the diagram represents the end products of photosynthesis?

glucose A water

D
C B

oxygen

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

6 Two test-tubes, P and Q, were set up, each containing a solution of red hydrogencarbonate
indicator. Hydrogencarbonate indicator turns yellow when the carbon dioxide concentration
increases and turns purple when the carbon dioxide concentration decreases.

Similar pieces of the same aquatic plant were placed into tubes P and Q. Tube P was uncovered,
tube Q had a black light-proof cover. The tubes were left in a warm room in sunlight for four
hours.

black light-proof
cover

green
aquatic
plant

tube P tube Q

What would be the colour of the hydrogencarbonate indicator in the two tubes after four hours?

tube P tube Q

A purple red
B purple yellow
C red yellow
D yellow red

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

7 Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

A B

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

0 70 0 70
temperature / °C temperature / °C

C D

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

0 70 0 70
temperature / °C temperature / °C

8 Some people wear clothing that covers large areas of their skin. They are at risk of a dietary
deficiency disease where sunlight is in short supply.

Which nutrient do they lack?

A calcium
B iron
C vitamin C
D vitamin D

9 Which is not a function of the liver?

A conversion of glucose to glycogen

B storage of glycogen
C secretion of insulin
D synthesis of proteins from amino acids

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

10 A person has a blockage in their bile duct.

What will be a result of this?

A increased concentration of glucose in the blood

B increased concentration of urea in the blood
C slower digestion of fats
D slower digestion of starch

11 Water and ions can reach the xylem of a plant root through cell walls, without passing through a
cell membrane.

How do these substances move through the cell walls?

water ions

A diffusion diffusion
B diffusion osmosis
C osmosis diffusion
D osmosis osmosis

12 An area of grassland becomes flooded with sea-water.

Sea-water contains a high concentration of salt.

What is the effect of the sea-water on the functions of the root hairs?

uptake of ions by root hairs uptake of water by root hairs

A no longer occurs no longer occurs

B no longer occurs still occurs

C still occurs no longer occurs

D still occurs still occurs

13 Which chamber of the heart has the thickest walls?

A left atrium
B left ventricle
C right atrium
D right ventricle

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

14 Which row shows the blood pressures in an artery, a capillary and a vein?

pressure / kPa
artery capillary vein

A 0.6 4.0 13.0

B 4.0 0.6 13.0
C 13.0 0.6 4.0
D 13.0 4.0 0.6

15 What is a difference between plasma and tissue fluid?

plasma tissue fluid

A dissolved glucose no dissolved glucose

B less dissolved glucose more dissolved glucose
C more protein molecules fewer protein molecules
D no white blood cells white blood cells

16 Which changes occur in the diaphragm and intercostal muscles when a person breathes in?

external internal
diaphragm
intercostal muscles intercostal muscles

A contracts contract relax

B contracts relax contract
C relaxes contract relax
D relaxes relax contract

17 Which is produced during anaerobic respiration in muscles?

A alcohol, carbon dioxide and water

B carbon dioxide and lactic acid
C carbon dioxide only
D lactic acid only

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

18 The graph shows changes in the amount of air in a person’s lungs over a period of 30 seconds.

V W X Y Z
6

4
lung
volume 3
/ dm3
2

0
0 30
time / s

In which time period is the rate of breathing fastest?

A V to W B W to X C X to Y D Y to Z

19 An analysis of the composition of expired air is shown.

gas in expired air % of expired air

carbon dioxide 4.1

oxygen 16.4
nitrogen and
other gases 79.5

Using only data from the table, what percentage of the expired air is excreted material?

A 0% B 4.1% C 83.6% D 100%

20 Which parts of the skin are involved in the control of body temperature?

sweat temperature blood

glands receptors vessels

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

21 A person looks at some hills far away.

Which row shows the state of the lenses, ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments in her eyes?

contracted suspensory
thick lenses ciliary ligaments
muscles under tension

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

22 What are characteristics of hormones?

affect carried by produced by

target organs the blood glands

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

23 The diagram shows some of the nerve pathways associated with a reflex action.

to brain from brain

pain
receptor

muscle

If the pathway at X is damaged, how does this affect the reflex?

A The person will not be aware that the reflex is occurring.

B The reflex cannot be controlled consciously.
C The response will occur without any stimulus.
D There is no response to the stimulus.

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

24 The diagram shows some of the bones and muscles in a human arm.

Which is a correct description of the changes that cause the forearm to be raised?

A The biceps muscle at 1 contracts.

B The biceps muscle at 2 contracts.
C The triceps muscle at 1 contracts.
D The triceps muscle at 2 contracts.

25 Which of these diseases can be treated effectively with antibiotics?

1 HIV
2 malaria
3 syphilis

A 1, 2, and 3 B 1 only C 2 and 3 only D 3 only

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

26 The diagram shows some characteristics of different organisms.

organisms
made of cells

organisms
microorganisms Y with cell
nuclei

What do areas X and Y represent?

X Y

A bacteria fungi
B bacteria viruses
C fungi viruses
D viruses bacteria

27 The diagram shows a simple apparatus that could be used to produce alcohol.

glucose solution water

and yeast mixture

What is the role of the U-shaped tube containing water?

A to keep bacteria in and oxygen in

B to keep bacteria in and oxygen out
C to keep bacteria out and oxygen in
D to keep bacteria out and oxygen out

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

28 Why does an ecosystem need to be exposed regularly to sunlight?

A Energy is converted to biomass.

B Energy is lost as heat.
C Energy is lost to decomposers.
D Energy is reflected by plants.

29 The diagram shows a food chain.

tree → mice → cats → fleas

What is the shape of the pyramid of numbers for this food chain?

A B C D

30 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

lightning
and rain nitrogen gas in
atmosphere

nitrogen-containing nitrogen-containing nitrogen-containing

compounds in soil compounds in plants compounds in animals

Which process occurs at X?

A decomposition
B denitrification
C nitrification
D nitrogen fixation

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

31 Which row shows the malarial parasite and the vector involved in its transmission?

parasite vector

A female mosquito human

B human male mosquito
C malarial pathogen female mosquito
D male mosquito malarial pathogen

32 Which plants are most likely to adapt successfully to a climate change in their environment?

A plants that are cross-pollinated

B plants that do not rely on wind-pollination
C plants that grow rapidly
D plants that reproduce asexually

33 The diagram shows a flower cut in half.

Which two parts of the flower produce haploid gametes?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

34 The diagram shows some stages in cell division in a fruit fly.

cell X
mitosis

cell Y

meiosis

cell Z
(sperm cell)

Cell X contains 8 chromosomes.

How many chromosomes are in cell Y and in cell Z?

cell Y cell Z

A 4 4
B 4 8
C 8 4
D 8 8

35 What is the path taken by sperm cells during ejaculation from the male reproductive system?

A sperm duct → testis → urethra

B sperm duct → urethra → testis

C testis → sperm duct → urethra

D testis → urethra → sperm duct

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

36 Which row describes a sign, a symptom and a treatment for syphilis in males?

sign symptom treatment

A a pink rash on the body development of painful joints antibiotics

B a sore on the penis severe headaches antibodies
C profuse sweating burning sensation during urination antibiotics
D yellow discharge from penis infertility antibodies

37 Which statements about genes and chromosomes are correct?

A chromosome carries A gene is a section of

a molecule of DNA. DNA.

A true true
B true false
C false true
D false false

38 Which feature of bacteria shows discontinuous variation?

A the diameters of their cells

B the masses of their cytoplasm
C the numbers of their flagella
D the thicknesses of their cell walls

39 Over several hundred years, the milk production of a particular type of farm animal has steadily
increased.

How has this been achieved?

A artificial selection
B continuous variation
C genetic engineering
D natural selection

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17 [Turn over

40 In fruit flies, the allele for an ebony coloured body is recessive to the allele for a grey coloured
body. In an investigation, an ebony-bodied fly is crossed with a grey-bodied fly.

What will be the body colour of the offspring if the grey-bodied fly is heterozygous?

A all ebony
B all grey
C half ebony and half grey
D three-quarters grey and one-quarter ebony

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at
www.cie.org.uk after the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2017 5090/11/M/J/17

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level

BIOLOGY 5090/12
Paper 1 Multiple Choice May/June 2017
1 hour
Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet
Soft clean eraser
*6308085477*

Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write in soft pencil.

Read the instructions on the Answer Sheet very carefully.

Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
Electronic calculators may be used.

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page.

IB17 06_5090_12/3RP
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2

1 The diagram shows cells from a plant leaf.

Which structure contains a high concentration of magnesium?

D C

2 Which statements about diffusion are correct?

1 Molecules move at random.

2 Molecules move down a concentration gradient.
3 Molecules may move through a partially permeable membrane.

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

3 Which row defines active transport?

cell membrane needed movement of ions respiration needed

A no down a concentration gradient yes

B no up a concentration gradient no

C yes down a concentration gradient no

D yes up a concentration gradient yes

4 Which property of enzymes is explained by the lock and key hypothesis?

A All enzymes are proteins.

B Enzymes are inactive at very low temperatures.

C Human enzymes are most active just below 40 °C.

D Most enzymes can only catalyse one reaction.

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

5 The diagram refers to some substances found in plant cells.

Which area of the diagram represents the end products of photosynthesis?

glucose A water

D
C B

oxygen

Similar pieces of the same aquatic plant were placed into tubes P and Q. Tube P was uncovered,
tube Q had a black light-proof cover. The tubes were left in a warm room in sunlight for four
hours.

black light-proof
cover

green
aquatic
plant

tube P tube Q

What would be the colour of the hydrogencarbonate indicator in the two tubes after four hours?

tube P tube Q

A purple red
B purple yellow
C red yellow
D yellow red

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17 [Turn over

7 Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

A B

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

0 70 0 70
temperature / °C temperature / °C

C D

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

0 70 0 70
temperature / °C temperature / °C

8 Which symptom of malnutrition can be treated by an increased amount of protein in the diet?

A constipation
B heart disease
C obesity
D stunted growth

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

9 The diagram shows the human alimentary canal.

In which part does protein digestion begin?

A D

10 In which blood vessel does the concentration of glucose vary the most?

A aorta
B hepatic artery
C hepatic portal vein
D vena cava

11 Which feature of root hairs suggests that they take up ions from the soil by active transport?
A Their cell membranes are partially permeable.
B They have a large surface area.
C They have a lower water potential than the soil.
D They take up ions more slowly in low oxygen concentrations.

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17 [Turn over

12 The cut shoot of a plant is placed in a beaker containing a solution of blue dye for one hour, as
shown.

cut shoot solution of

blue dye

The stem of the shoot is then cut through at X, and examined under a microscope.

In which region of the stem is the blue dye most concentrated?

13 Why is a rise in pulse rate important for an athlete during a 200 m race?

A to increase the digestion of carbohydrates

B to increase ventilation of the lungs with fresh air
C to reduce the need for anaerobic respiration
D to reduce the need for sweating to cool the body

14 Which row shows what may cause coronary heart disease?

diet high in
diet low regular
saturated
in salt exercise
fats

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

15 What is a difference between plasma and tissue fluid?

plasma tissue fluid

A dissolved glucose no dissolved glucose

B less dissolved glucose more dissolved glucose
C more protein molecules fewer protein molecules
D no white blood cells white blood cells

16 What lines the walls of alveoli?

A a carpet of cilia
B a film of moisture
C a network of veins
D a thin sheet of muscle

17 Which substances are produced during aerobic respiration?

A alcohol and carbon dioxide

B carbon dioxide and water
C glucose and lactic acid
D lactic acid and water

18 The graph shows changes in the amount of air in a person’s lungs over a period of 30 seconds.

V W X Y Z
6

4
lung
volume 3
/ dm3
2

0
0 30
time / s

In which time period is the rate of breathing fastest?

A V to W B W to X C X to Y D Y to Z

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17 [Turn over

19 The diagram represents dialysis in a kidney machine. Each shape represents a molecule found in
blood or dialysis fluid.

Which shape represents protein?

blood in blood out

A
B
C

D
dialysis
membrane

dialysis dialysis
fluid out fluid in

20 Which parts of the skin are involved in the control of body temperature?

sweat temperature blood

glands receptors vessels

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

21 Which structures does light pass through when it is focused on the retina?

cornea lens sclera

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

22 Which row shows what causes adrenaline or insulin to be released, and the effect of this
hormone on blood glucose concentration?

when released effect on blood

hormone
into blood glucose concentration

A adrenaline after meals decreases

B adrenaline when anxious increases
C insulin after meals increases
D insulin when fasting decreases

23 A man suffers a head injury and his cerebellum is damaged.

What is the result of this?

A inability to recognise visual stimuli

B irregular heartbeat
C lack of temperature control
D poor coordination of movements

24 The diagram shows four bones associated with the forelimb.

1 2 3 4

Which bones form a hinge joint?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 3 and 4

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17 [Turn over

25 An experiment is set up as shown in the diagram, to compare how well different antibiotics work
against a species of bacterium.

bacteria growing
on nutrient jelly

filter paper discs

soaked in
antibiotic solution

In this experiment, which conditions must be kept constant?

concentration size of type of

of antibiotic filter paper discs antibiotic

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

26 The diagram shows processes in the production of cheese.

In which process is there a significant reduction in pH?

D
solid cheese
curd
A B
liquid pasteurised curdled
C
milk milk milk
liquid
whey

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

27 The diagram shows a cell and some of its features.

vacuole

granules of
glycogen

From where has this cell been taken?

A a fermenting alcoholic drink

B pus from a syphilitic sore
C the liver of an animal
D the mesophyll of a leaf

28 Why does an ecosystem need to be exposed regularly to sunlight?

A Energy is converted to biomass.

B Energy is lost as heat.
C Energy is lost to decomposers.
D Energy is reflected by plants.

29 The diagram shows part of the nitrogen cycle.

lightning
and rain nitrogen gas in
atmosphere

nitrogen-containing nitrogen-containing nitrogen-containing

compounds in soil compounds in plants compounds in animals

Which process occurs at X?

A decomposition
B denitrification
C nitrification
D nitrogen fixation

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17 [Turn over

30 Insects feed on a tree’s leaves. The insects are eaten by small birds that are the prey of larger
birds.

Which pyramid of numbers illustrates this food chain?

A B

C D

31 Which row correctly matches a method of controlling malaria with the explanation of how this
method works?

method explanation

A covering windows with netting kills mosquitoes

B spraying oil on rivers kills mosquito larvae
C taking anti-malarial tablets stops mosquitoes biting
D using insecticides kills malarial parasites

32 Which plants are most likely to adapt successfully to a climate change in their environment?

A plants that are cross-pollinated

B plants that do not rely on wind-pollination
C plants that grow rapidly
D plants that reproduce asexually

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

33 The diagram shows a section through a plum fruit.

Which structure has a genotype different to the other three?

C
flower stalk
B
fleshy pericarp

D
A cotyledon
stony pericarp

34 The diagram shows some stages in cell division in a fruit fly.

cell X
mitosis

cell Y

meiosis

cell Z
(sperm cell)

Cell X contains 8 chromosomes.

How many chromosomes are in cell Y and in cell Z?

cell Y cell Z

A 4 4
B 4 8
C 8 4
D 8 8

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17 [Turn over

35 What is the path taken by sperm cells during ejaculation from the male reproductive system?

A sperm duct → testis → urethra

B sperm duct → urethra → testis

C testis → sperm duct → urethra

D testis → urethra → sperm duct

36 Which method of birth control gives some protection from syphilis and HIV?

A condom
B diaphragm (cap)
C intra-uterine device (IUD)
D vasectomy

37 What is essential for natural selection to occur?

competition variation

A key
B = yes
C = no
D

38 Insulin is manufactured commercially using genetic engineering.

Which type of organism is used to produce large quantities of insulin in this way?

A animals
B bacteria
C fungi
D viruses

39 Which statement about chromosomes is correct?

A A chromosome is part of a DNA molecule.

B A chromosome carries a long molecule of DNA.
C Each chromosome controls the inheritance of one body feature.
D Genes are made up of a chain of chromosomes.

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

40 In fruit flies, the allele for an ebony coloured body is recessive to the allele for a grey coloured
body. In an investigation, an ebony-bodied fly is crossed with a grey-bodied fly.

What will be the body colour of the offspring if the grey-bodied fly is heterozygous?

A all ebony
B all grey
C half ebony and half grey
D three-quarters grey and one-quarter ebony

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2017 5090/12/M/J/17

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level
* 0 0 9 1 8 6 1 3 8 8 *

BIOLOGY 5090/21
Paper 2 Theory May/June 2017
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Section A
Answer all questions in this section.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Section B
Answer both questions in this section.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Section C
Answer either question 8 or question 9.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

You are advised to spend no longer than one hour on Section A.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (NH/FD) 129016/5
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2

Section A

Answer all questions in this section.

1 Spirulina is classified in the group bacteria. Spirulina is green in colour and is able to synthesise
its own food.

(a) List three characteristics of bacteria.

1 ......................................................................

2 ......................................................................

3 ...................................................................... [3]

(b) (i) Suggest the name of the chemical that gives Spirulina its green colour.

...................................................................... [1]

(ii) Write, in words or symbols, the equation for the process by which Spirulina synthesises
its own food.

................................................................ → ................................................................ [2]

(c) Spirulina can be eaten by humans.

The United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) made the following statement about
Spirulina:

‘For WHO Spirulina represents an interesting food for multiple reasons. Rich in iron and
protein, it can be given to children without any risk. We at WHO consider it to be a very
suitable food.’

Use your knowledge of animal nutrition to suggest and explain why WHO considers Spirulina
to be a ‘very suitable food’.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

2 A potometer is used to measure water uptake by a plant. Fig. 2.1 shows the stem and flower of a
plant in a potometer. As water is taken up, the bubble moves in the direction shown.

B
C

water reservoir
water

bubble moves this bubble

way as water is taken
up by the plant

Fig. 2.1

(a) Name the parts A, B, C and D in Fig. 2.1.

A ......................................................................

B ......................................................................

C ......................................................................

D ...................................................................... [4]

(b) Describe the pathway taken by water as it moves from the potometer, through the plant stem
and into the surrounding air.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

(c) (i) In an experiment, the bubble moved a distance of 60 mm in 10 minutes.

Calculate the average rate at which the bubble moved in mm per min.

............................................ mm per min

[1]

(ii) The experiment was repeated in an area of lower light intensity.

Predict and explain what would happen to the rate at which the bubble moved.

prediction ............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

explanation .........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 11]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

3 Fig. 3.1 shows an organ, X, and its associated blood vessels P, Q and R.

from heart
to heart

X
R
P

small intestine

Fig. 3.1

Organ X is involved in the following processes:

• the metabolism of amino acids,

• the breakdown of chemical substances, including alcohol.

(a) Name organ X and each of its associated blood vessels.

organ X ......................................................................

blood vessel P ......................................................................

blood vessel Q ......................................................................

blood vessel R ...................................................................... [4]

(b) Compare the structure of the blood vessels P and R in Fig. 3.1.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

(c) (i) Oestrogen is an example of a type of chemical substance, produced by a gland, that
alters the activity of one or more specific target organs before being destroyed by
organ X. Name this type of chemical substance.

...................................................................... [1]

(ii) With reference to oestrogen, complete Table 3.1.

Table 3.1

gland where produced

target organ

effect on target organ

[3]

[Total: 11]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

4 Fig. 4.1 shows a Bengal tiger.

Fig. 4.1

Fur colour in the Bengal tiger is controlled by a single gene. The dominant allele of the gene
results in orange fur. A single change in this gene produces a recessive allele, which results in
white fur in tigers with the homozygous recessive genotype.

(a) (i) Define the term gene.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(ii) State the term used to describe a change in a gene.

...................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

(b) Using the letters T (orange) and t (white) to represent the alleles that control fur colour, draw
a labelled genetic diagram to show how two tigers with orange fur may give rise to offspring
with white fur.

[5]

(c) Bengal tigers have dark stripes on their fur.

Suggest why each of the following is true for the pattern of dark stripes:

it is not affected by whether the fur is orange or white

...................................................................................................................................................

it is unique to each individual

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 12]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

5 The statements E to K relate to the process of reproduction.

E produces genetically identical offspring

F produces more individuals of the same species

G involves only one parent

H involves fusion of nuclei

I requires gametes

J forms a diploid zygote

K involves only cell division by mitosis

Table 5.1 shows a comparison of sexual and asexual reproduction.

Table 5.1

sexual reproduction asexual reproduction both sexual and

only only asexual reproduction

Complete Table 5.1 by writing each letter in the correct box to match it to sexual reproduction only,
asexual reproduction only, or to both.

The first letter has been written in the correct box for you. Use each letter once only. [6]

[Total: 6]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

Section B

Answer both questions in this section.

6 (a) Describe the role of the cilia in the trachea.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Fig. 6.1 shows components of the human gas exchange surface and an associated blood
vessel.

Fig. 6.1

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

State the characteristics, and describe the roles, of each of the components shown in Fig. 6.1.
You should make reference to named structures in your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[7]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

7 Fig. 7.1 shows bacteria growing on the surface of a dish containing nutrient jelly. Paper discs,
such as M and N, were soaked in solutions of different antibiotics and placed on top of the growing
bacteria. A clear area on the jelly indicates that bacteria in that area have been killed.

clear area

Fig. 7.1

(a) Use the information above, and your knowledge of the process of natural selection, to
describe and explain the difference in appearance of the jelly surrounding discs M and N.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[6]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

(b) Describe how the process of artificial selection differs from that of natural selection. Include
reference to the production of one named economically important plant or animal in your
answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17 [Turn over

Section C

Answer either question 8 or question 9.

8 (a) With reference to named components, describe how the structure of one animal cell (for
example from fresh liver) would appear different from a plant cell (for example from an onion
epidermis).

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

(b) State the relationship between structure and function for both of the following:

xylem vessels

...................................................................................................................................................

red blood cells

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[6]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

9 Compare each of the following processes:

(a) aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) anaerobic respiration in muscles and anaerobic respiration in yeast

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

(c) diffusion and active transport

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

BLANK PAGE

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

© UCLES 2017 5090/21/M/J/17

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level
* 5 7 6 1 7 1 1 9 8 4 *

BIOLOGY 5090/22
Paper 2 Theory May/June 2017
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Section A
Answer all questions in this section.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Section B
Answer both questions in this section.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Section C
Answer either question 8 or question 9.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

You are advised to spend no longer than one hour on Section A.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 14 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

DC (NH/FD) 129017/3
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2

Section A

Answer all questions in this section.

1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the front view of a person’s chest and abdomen.

Fig. 1.1

On Fig. 1.1 draw:

• the diaphragm as it would appear immediately after breathing in,

• a circle (O) to show the position of the heart,

• a cross (X) to show the position of the liver. [3]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

(b) Fig. 1.2 shows a person about to lift the handle of a bucket from position A to position B.

bucket handle
B
moved by
the finger

Fig. 1.2

The movement of the bucket handle, as shown, illustrates some features of the movement of
a person’s chest while breathing in.

(i) State two similarities between the movement of a person’s chest while breathing in and
the movement of the handle.

1 ....................................................................................................................................

2 ....................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Explain the differences between the movement of a person’s chest and the movement
of the handle.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[5]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17 [Turn over

2 Four of the stages associated with human nutrition are:

absorption digestion egestion ingestion

(a) (i) State the stage in nutrition that has not been included in the list above.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

Fig. 2.1 shows the human alimentary canal.

Fig. 2.1

(ii) On Fig. 2.1, use lines labelled A and B to indicate where egestion (A) and ingestion (B)
occur. [2]

(b) State a component of the diet that is digested in region C in Fig. 2.1, and where the products
are then absorbed into the blood.

component ................................................................................................................................

where products absorbed .........................................................................................................

[2]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[5]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17 [Turn over

3 Fig. 3.1 shows flowers from the same species of plant at different stages, D and E, in their
development.

actual
size
25 mm

nectary

D E

Fig. 3.1

(a) On Fig. 3.1, use lines labelled S and C to label a sepal (S) and a carpel (C). [2]

(b) The flowers are cross-pollinated by an insect. Explain why the insect must visit flower D
before visiting flower E.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

4 Table 4.1 shows the loss of water vapour by two similarly-sized potted plants, F and G, grown in
the same environment over a period of 14 hours.

Table 4.1

water vapour loss / arbitrary units

time of day / hours plant F plant G
06.00 – 08.00 1.0 5.2
08.00 – 10.00 2.0 13.8
10.00 – 12.00 5.8 14.8
12.00 – 14.00 4.8 9.2
14.00 – 16.00 3.6 6.8
16.00 – 18.00 3.0 4.4
18.00 – 20.00 2.0 1.0

(a) State the time of day at which the combined loss of water vapour from the two plants is at its
greatest.

............................................................[1]

(b) Suggest reasons for each of the following:

(i) the difference between the total amount of water vapour lost by plants F and G during
the 14-hour period,

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(ii) the change in rate of water vapour loss by plant F from 06.00 hours to 12.00 hours.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17 [Turn over

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

5 Fig. 5.1 shows cells with some of their structures missing.

H
J

K
not to scale
Fig. 5.1

(a) On the cells in Fig. 5.1, draw and label nuclei and chloroplasts in their appropriate positions.
[4]

(b) State which cell has been produced by meiosis and name the organ in which it has been
produced.

cell ......................................................................

organ .................................................................. [2]

cell H

...................................................................................................................................................

cell J

...................................................................................................................................................

cell K

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[6]
[Total: 12]
© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17 [Turn over
10

Section B

Answer both questions in this section.

6 (a) Describe the journey made by a molecule of carbon dioxide after its production by respiration
in a body cell, to the moment it enters the air in the lungs.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[7]

(b) Explain how blood is kept flowing from the foot to the heart.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

7 (a) Fig. 7.1 shows a section through a fruit.

fruit wall
(pericarp)

stone
containing
the seed

Fig. 7.1

The seed and the fruit wall are genetically different. Explain how this difference is produced.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

(b) Describe and explain the differences between wind-dispersed and animal-dispersed fruits.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[6]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17 [Turn over

Section C

Answer either question 8 or question 9.

8 This is a simple food chain:

tree → insect → bird → fox

(a) Draw and label a pyramid of biomass for this food chain.

[2]

(b) Explain why only a small proportion of the energy in the insects passes to the birds.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

Draw and label a pyramid of numbers for the complete food chain including the fleas.

[4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17 [Turn over

9 (a) Explain the measures taken, excluding the use of drugs, to reduce the spread of malaria.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[6]

(b) Quinine was the only drug that was successfully used to protect against malaria until the
1920s.

Suggest why quinine has largely been replaced by more recently-discovered drugs.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

BLANK PAGE

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

© UCLES 2017 5090/22/M/J/17

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level
* 2 2 2 1 9 7 7 3 7 0 *

BIOLOGY 5090/31
Paper 3 Practical Test May/June 2017
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials: As specified in the Confidential Instructions.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiner’s Use

Total

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (LK) 143041
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2

In order to plan the best use of your time, read through all the questions on this
paper carefully before starting work.

1 (a) You are going to carry out an experiment to investigate the effect of two different
concentrations of sucrose solution on potato tissue.

You are provided with some potato tissue and two solutions of sucrose, labelled S1 and S2.

• Label one Petri dish S1 and the other Petri dish S2.

• Carefully cut two strips of potato tissue without skin, each measuring 80 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm.

• Place one strip into each Petri dish.

• Pour solution S1 into the dish labelled S1. Pour solution S2 into the dish labelled S2.
Make sure that the strips are completely covered by the solutions.

• Leave the strips for 20 minutes. Continue with question 1(b) while you are waiting.

• After 20 minutes, remove the strip from solution S1 and carefully blot it dry.

• Insert a pin near the end of the strip from solution S1 and then attach it to the apparatus
as shown in Fig. 1.1. Make sure that this end of the strip is level with the edge of the cork.

strip of
potato tissue

graph paper
cork

specimen
tube filled
with water

bench surface

Fig. 1.1

• Record the position of the unpinned end of the strip on the graph paper, and label it S1.

• Repeat this procedure for the strip in solution S2.

(i) Carefully copy your results onto Fig. 1.2. Use a small X to show the position of the
unpinned end for each strip. Label your results S1 and S2.

Fig. 1.2
[3]

(ii) Complete Table 1.1 by describing how flexible the strips are, that had been in solution S1
and in solution S2.

Table 1.1

strip covered
description of strip
in solution

[2]

© UCLES 2017 5090/31/M/J/17 [Turn over

(iii) State two variables which were controlled in this experiment to ensure that the results
for S1 and S2 are comparable.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iv) Suggest an explanation for your results.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[4]

(b) When plant cells lose water, the cytoplasm may shrink and move away from the cell wall.
When this happens, the cells are plasmolysed.

Fig. 1.3 represents a group of plant cells, some of which are plasmolysed.

key

plasmolysed cell

non-plasmolysed cell

Fig. 1.3

© UCLES 2017 5090/31/M/J/17

(i) Complete Table 1.2 by counting the number of plasmolysed cells and the number of
non‑plasmolysed cells.

Table 1.2

number of number of
plasmolysed cells non‑plasmolysed cells

[1]

(ii) Calculate the number of plasmolysed cells as a percentage of the total number of cells.

Show your working.

.............................................................%
[2]

© UCLES 2017 5090/31/M/J/17 [Turn over

(c) A student carried out an investigation into the relationship between the concentration of
sucrose solution and the number of plant cells which were plasmolysed.

She placed small pieces of plant tissue in sucrose solutions and counted the number of cells
that were plasmolysed. She then calculated the percentage of cells that were plasmolysed in
each solution.

Her results are shown in Table 1.3.

Table 1.3

concentration of sucrose percentage of cells that

solution / mol per dm3 were plasmolysed
0.0 0
0.2 5
0.4 18
0.6 75
0.8 100

© UCLES 2017 5090/31/M/J/17

(i) Plot a line graph of the results in Table 1.3. Join the points on your graph with ruled,
straight lines.

[4]

(ii) Use your graph to find the concentration of sucrose solution in which 50% of the cells
would be plasmolysed. On your graph, show how you obtained this value.

Concentration of sucrose solution in which 50% of the cells would be plasmolysed:

............................................................[2]

[Total: 20]

© UCLES 2017 5090/31/M/J/17 [Turn over

Question 2 begins on page 9

© UCLES 2017 5090/31/M/J/17

2 Fig. 2.1 shows cells as seen using a light microscope.

magnification × 200

Fig. 2.1

(a) In the space below, make a large drawing of the cell labelled P. You do not need to label your
drawing.

[4]

(b) Measure and record the maximum length of cell P in Fig. 2.1.

Maximum length of cell P in Fig. 2.1 ........................................ mm

Use the magnification of Fig. 2.1 to calculate the actual length of cell P.

Show your working.

................................................................
[4]

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

3 (a) Describe how you would test a food sample for the presence of each of the following, giving
full experimental details.

(i) starch ................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) reducing sugars .................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Table 3.1 gives information about the composition of some foods.

Table 3.1

food fat / g per 100 g energy / kJ per 100 g protein / g per 100 g
potato chips 11.0 1050 4.0
cooked chicken 5.0 630 25.0
boiled sweet potato 0.6 360 1.0
boiled peas 0.4 210 5.0

(i) Using the information in Table 3.1, state the relationship between the fat content and the
energy content of these foods.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Calculate the protein content of 250 g of cooked chicken.

Show your working.

..............................................................g
[2]

(iii) Calculate the mass of boiled peas that you would need to eat to obtain the same mass of
protein as in 100 g of cooked chicken.

Show your working.

..............................................................g
[2]

[Total: 10]

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third‑party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer‑related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level
* 5 3 8 5 3 6 1 7 1 1 *

BIOLOGY 5090/32
Paper 3 Practical Test May/June 2017
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials: As specified in the Confidential Instructions.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiner’s Use

Total

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.

In order to plan the best use of your time, read through all the questions on this
paper carefully before starting work.

1 (a) You are going to carry out an experiment to investigate the effect of two different
concentrations of sucrose solution on potato tissue.

You are provided with some potato tissue and two solutions of sucrose, labelled S1 and S2.

• Label one Petri dish S1 and the other Petri dish S2.

• Carefully cut two strips of potato tissue without skin, each measuring 80 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm.

• Place one strip into each Petri dish.

• Pour solution S1 into the dish labelled S1. Pour solution S2 into the dish labelled S2.
Make sure that the strips are completely covered by the solutions.

• Leave the strips for 20 minutes. Continue with question 1(b) while you are waiting.

• After 20 minutes, remove the strip from solution S1 and carefully blot it dry.

• Insert a pin near the end of the strip from solution S1 and then attach it to the apparatus
as shown in Fig. 1.1. Make sure that this end of the strip is level with the edge of the cork.

strip of
potato tissue

graph paper
cork

specimen
tube filled
with water

bench surface

Fig. 1.1

• Record the position of the unpinned end of the strip on the graph paper, and label it S1.

• Repeat this procedure for the strip in solution S2.

(i) Carefully copy your results onto Fig. 1.2. Use a small X to show the position of the
unpinned end for each strip. Label your results S1 and S2.

Fig. 1.2
[3]

(ii) Complete Table 1.1 by describing how flexible the strips are, that had been in solution S1
and in solution S2.

Table 1.1

strip covered
description of strip
in solution

[2]

(iii) State two variables which were controlled in this experiment to ensure that the results
for S1 and S2 are comparable.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iv) Suggest an explanation for your results.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[4]

(b) When plant cells lose water, the cytoplasm may shrink and move away from the cell wall.
When this happens, the cells are plasmolysed.

Fig. 1.3 represents a group of plant cells, some of which are plasmolysed.

key

plasmolysed cell

non-plasmolysed cell

Fig. 1.3

(i) Complete Table 1.2 by counting the number of plasmolysed cells and the number of
non‑plasmolysed cells.

Table 1.2

number of number of
plasmolysed cells non‑plasmolysed cells

[1]

(ii) Calculate the number of plasmolysed cells as a percentage of the total number of cells.

Show your working.

.............................................................%
[2]

(c) A student carried out an investigation into the relationship between the concentration of
sucrose solution and the number of plant cells which were plasmolysed.

She placed small pieces of plant tissue in sucrose solutions and counted the number of cells
that were plasmolysed. She then calculated the percentage of cells that were plasmolysed in
each solution.

Her results are shown in Table 1.3.

Table 1.3

concentration of sucrose percentage of cells that

solution / mol per dm3 were plasmolysed
0.0 0
0.2 5
0.4 18
0.6 75
0.8 100

(i) Plot a line graph of the results in Table 1.3. Join the points on your graph with ruled,
straight lines.

[4]

(ii) Use your graph to find the concentration of sucrose solution in which 50% of the cells
would be plasmolysed. On your graph, show how you obtained this value.

Concentration of sucrose solution in which 50% of the cells would be plasmolysed:

............................................................[2]

[Total: 20]

Question 2 begins on page 9

2 Fig. 2.1 shows cells as seen using a light microscope.

magnification × 200

Fig. 2.1

(a) In the space below, make a large drawing of the cell labelled P. You do not need to label your
drawing.

[4]

(b) Measure and record the maximum length of cell P in Fig. 2.1.

Maximum length of cell P in Fig. 2.1 ........................................ mm

Use the magnification of Fig. 2.1 to calculate the actual length of cell P.

Show your working.

................................................................
[4]

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

3 (a) Describe how you would test a food sample for the presence of each of the following, giving
full experimental details.

(i) starch ................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) reducing sugars .................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Table 3.1 gives information about the composition of some foods.

Table 3.1

food fat / g per 100 g energy / kJ per 100 g protein / g per 100 g
potato chips 11.0 1050 4.0
cooked chicken 5.0 630 25.0
boiled sweet potato 0.6 360 1.0
boiled peas 0.4 210 5.0

(i) Using the information in Table 3.1, state the relationship between the fat content and the
energy content of these foods.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Calculate the protein content of 250 g of cooked chicken.

Show your working.

..............................................................g
[2]

(iii) Calculate the mass of boiled peas that you would need to eat to obtain the same mass of
protein as in 100 g of cooked chicken.

Show your working.

..............................................................g
[2]

[Total: 10]

BLANK PAGE

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level
* 2 5 6 8 7 1 8 3 4 8 *

BIOLOGY 5090/61
Paper 6 Alternative to Practical May/June 2017
1 hour
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 10 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 (a) Catalase is an enzyme found in many tissues. Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide,
forming water and oxygen.

Fig. 1.1 shows the apparatus used by a student to investigate the effect of pH on the activity of
catalase. The gas syringe was used to measure the volume of oxygen produced at each pH.

oxygen collected

gas syringe

pieces of
tissue containing
catalase conical flask

hydrogen peroxide solution

Fig. 1.1

The student carried out the experiment at a pH of 7.0 and measured the volume of oxygen
produced during a period of five minutes.

He then mixed fresh samples of tissue containing catalase, and hydrogen peroxide solution
at pH values of 5.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 9.0 and measured the volume of oxygen produced during
five minutes for each pH.

The results are shown in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1

pH volume of oxygen produced

during five minutes / cm3
5.0 12
6.0 45
7.0 88
8.0 57
9.0 8

(i) Using the data in Table 1.1, plot a line graph to show the effect of pH on the activity of
catalase.
Join the points on your graph with ruled, straight lines.

[4]

(ii) Using the information in Table 1.1 and your graph, describe the effect of pH on the activity
of catalase.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(iii) State two variables, other than temperature, that should have been kept constant in this
investigation.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iv) Giving full experimental details, describe how you could use the apparatus shown in
Fig. 1.1 to investigate the effect of temperature on the activity of catalase.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[5]

(v) State one safety precaution you would take when you carry out this experiment. Explain
why this precaution is needed.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) The enzyme Savinase® is a protease used in many biological detergents. Biological
detergents are used to wash clothes. Fig. 1.2 shows the effect of temperature on the activity
of Savinase®.

8
×
7

6 ×

5
enzyme activity
4 ×
/ arbitrary units ×

3
×
2
×
1 × ×

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

temperature / °C

Fig. 1.2

(i) Use Fig. 1.2 to find the optimum temperature for Savinase® activity.

............................................................°C
[1]

(ii) Suggest why Savinase® is added to biological detergents.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 19]

2 Fig. 2.1 shows blood cells as seen using a light microscope.

Fig. 2.1

(a) In the space below, make a drawing of the cell labelled Q in Fig. 2.1, magnified × 2.
You do not need to label your drawing.

[4]

(b) (i) Identify cell P and cell Q.

P ...........................................................

Q ..........................................................
[2]

(ii) Use Fig. 2.1 to describe how the appearance of cell Q differs from that of cell P.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

Fig. 2.2

Complete Table 2.1 to compare cell Q in Fig. 2.1 and the plant cell in Fig. 2.2.

Table 2.1

feature cell Q plant cell

cell wall

nucleus

[2]

[Total: 9]

3 Ivy is a plant with green leaves that vary in size. A student noticed that ivy leaves were different
in width on plants growing in shady positions compared with plants growing in bright, sunny
positions.

To investigate this further, she collected a sample of 10 leaves from plants growing in shady
positions and 10 leaves from plants growing in sunny positions.

Some of these leaves are shown in Fig. 3.1.

width

leaf A

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) Measure and record the maximum width of leaf A in Fig. 3.1.

............................................................[2]

(ii) The magnification of Fig. 3.1 is × 0.5.

Calculate the actual maximum width of leaf A. Show your working.

..........................................................mm
[2]

(b) The student measured the maximum width of the 20 leaves she collected.
The results are shown in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1

leaf number maximum width of leaf maximum width of leaf

from shady position / mm from sunny position / mm
1 38 43
2 48 35
3 49 29
4 54 39
5 43 34
6 46 30
7 40 29
8 47 35
9 43 31
10 54 22
mean maximum
width / mm

(i) Complete Table 3.1 by calculating the mean maximum width of leaves from a shady
position and the mean maximum width of leaves from a sunny position. [2]

(ii) State two conclusions that can be made from the results in Table 3.1.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iii) Suggest one way to improve the reliability of the results for this investigation.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

[Total: 12]

BLANK PAGE

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge Ordinary Level
* 1 4 6 6 6 1 8 2 8 6 *

BIOLOGY 5090/62
Paper 6 Alternative to Practical May/June 2017
1 hour
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.

Electronic calculators may be used.

You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 8 printed pages.

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 (a) Some students investigated the effect of different concentrations of sucrose solution on potato
tissue.

Four strips of potato A, B, C and D, were cut. Each strip measured 80 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm.
The mass of each strip was measured and recorded in Table 1.1.

One strip of potato was placed in each of four sucrose solutions of different concentrations:

• 0.2 mol per dm3

• 0.4 mol per dm3
• 0.6 mol per dm3
• 0.8 mol per dm3

The same volume of sucrose solution was used for each strip.

The strips were left for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the strips were removed from the
sucrose solutions and carefully blotted dry. The mass of each strip was then measured again
and recorded in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1

potato strip concentration mass of potato mass of potato change in

of sucrose strip at start strip after 30 mass
solution /g minutes / g /g
/ mol per dm3
A 0.2 4.0 4.3
B 0.4 4.0 4.1
C 0.6 4.0 3.8
D 0.8 4.0 3.6

(i) Complete Table 1.1 by calculating the change in mass for each potato strip. [3]

(ii) Suggest explanations for the results for strip A and strip D.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[4]

(iii) Suggest why each strip was blotted dry after being removed from the sucrose solution.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iv) Explain why all the strips were cut to the same size (80 mm × 4 mm x 4 mm) at the start of
this investigation.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(v) You are given 50 cm3 of a sucrose solution containing 0.8 mol per dm3.
Describe how you would use this solution to prepare 100 cm3 of 0.4 mol per dm3 sucrose
solution.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) When plant cells lose water, the cytoplasm may shrink and move away from the cell wall.
When this happens, the cells are plasmolysed.

Fig. 1.1 represents a group of plant cells, some of which are plasmolysed.

key

plasmolysed cell

non-plasmolysed cell

Fig. 1.1

(i) Complete Table 1.2 by counting the number of plasmolysed cells and the number of
non‑plasmolysed cells.

Table 1.2

number of number of
plasmolysed cells non-plasmolysed cells

[1]

(ii) Calculate the number of plasmolysed cells as a percentage of the total number of cells.

Show your working.

.............................................................%
[2]

(c) A student carried out an investigation into the relationship between the concentration of
sucrose solution and the number of plant cells which were plasmolysed.

She placed small pieces of plant tissue in sucrose solutions and counted the number of cells
that were plasmolysed. She then calculated the percentage of cells that were plasmolysed in
each solution.

Her results are shown in Table 1.3.

Table 1.3

concentration of sucrose percentage of cells that

solution / mol per dm3 were plasmolysed
0.0 0
0.2 5
0.4 18
0.6 75
0.8 100

(i) Plot a line graph of the results in Table 1.3. Join the points on your graph with ruled,
straight lines.

[4]

(ii) Use your graph to find the concentration of sucrose solution in which 50% of the cells
would be plasmolysed. On your graph, show how you obtained this value.

Concentration of sucrose solution in which 50% of the cells would be plasmolysed:

............................................................[2]

[Total: 20]

2 (a) Describe how you would test a food sample for the presence of each of the following, giving
full experimental details.

(i) starch ................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) reducing sugars .................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[3]

(b) Table 2.1 gives information about the composition of some foods.

Table 2.1

food fat / g per 100 g energy / kJ per 100 g protein / g per 100 g
potato chips 11.0 1050 4.0
cooked chicken 5.0 630 25.0
boiled sweet potato 0.6 360 1.0
boiled peas 0.4 210 5.0

(i) Using the information in Table 2.1, state the relationship between the fat content and the
energy content of these foods.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Calculate the protein content of 250 g of cooked chicken.

Show your working.

..............................................................g
[2]

(iii) Calculate the mass of boiled peas that you would need to eat to obtain the same mass of
protein as in 100 g of cooked chicken.

Show your working.

..............................................................g
[2]

[Total: 10]

Question 3 starts on the next page.

3 Fig. 3.1 shows cells as seen using a light microscope.

magnification × 200

Fig. 3.1

(a) In the space below, make a large drawing of the cell labelled P. You do not need to label your
drawing.

[4]

(b) Measure and record the maximum length of cell P in Fig. 3.1.

Maximum length of cell P in Fig. 3.1 ........................................ mm

Use the magnification of Fig. 3.1 to calculate the actual length of cell P.

Show your working.

................................................................
[4]

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

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