CHAPTER

2 Intellectual Revolutions

ENGAGE

How can you change the thinking of a person?

Your answer:

It is hard to change the way a person thinks. Many people don't like being
told what to think or do. So, the first thing I would do to change the thinking of a
person is to earn their trust. Another is to show them the truth by showing
evidences. You can also have them experience it since as the saying says
"experience is the best teacher" and "to see is to believe." One who sees it with
his/her eyes are more likely to change their mind and perspective.
Name:_____Josselle Kilitoy__________________________________________________
Program, Yr., and Section:___BSN 2A________________

ACTIVITY 6:
Answer the following. Detach the worksheet once finished.

Science
Ideas

Scientific
Revolutions
Human Society

1. How did society shape science and how did science shape society?

Society shaped science according to our needs and demands. To provide this needs and demands,
science is working. For example, in this pandemic, science is giving its best to come up with the best
vaccine for the society. Science shaped the society through the application of scientific knowledge. For
example, the advancement of technology helps in the development of the society. Society thus shapes
science, and at the same time science shapes society.

2. How do social and human issues influence science?

Social and human issues influence science by becoming the basis of inquiry and research conducted
through observation and recording data which are being used for deeper scientific knowledge and
understanding . It all starts with the purpose of in-depth research to attempt to solve the problems in
the society and humanity as a whole. In attempt to solve these, they conduct researches to try and
interpret and find the causes of these problems.
3. How do the political and cultural landscapes of the society affect the development of scientific culture,
science activities, and science literacy?

Science is shaped by cultural and political environment because the cultural values influence politics, and
these two influence scientists’ behavior and performance. Scientists reflect social politics, cultures and
social views in their research or investigation. The fact that the core of science is a process to make a
hypothesis, test the hypothesis, gather evidence, compare results and then start all over again. The
scientific method is all about learning about the world around us and how things happen.

4. How do intellectual revolutions transform societies?

Intellectual revolutions transform societies through critical-thinking, evaluation, and providing rules.
Intellectuals aims to awaken the society. They help divert the masses from what is unwise toward what
right and just. The people with great minds use their brainpower to make the world peaceful and
progressive. The complicated tasks are becoming easier to do because of these revolutions .Intellectual
revolution is a continuous process of development to achieve the needs of society.
CHAPTER Science and Technology and Nation Building
3

LESSON 1: THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENDA

How did Science and Technology start in the Philippines?

How did Filipinos learn Technology? How about Science?

Your answer:
Science and technology in the Philippines started with our ancestors way
before the they were conquered by the spaniards.This was very evident
on their way of life .For instance, their knowledge in growing their crops,
producing more food for their daily living, the use of medicinal plants and
the interpretation of heavenly bodies is basically considered as part of
scientific and technological advancement. Filipinos learned technology
through their efforts in trying to make their daily living easier and
through the adventures and discoveries they face, they learned science.
Name: _____________________________ Program, Year, and Section: _______________________

ACTIVITY 7: Answer these multiple choice questions. Write CAPITAL LETTERS for your final
answer and place them on the blanks provided. Detach this worksheet once finished.

1. The following are existing programs supported by the Philippine government through the DOST
except one. _D__
a. Providing funds for basic research and patents
b. Providing scholarships for undergraduate and graduate studies
c. Creating Science and Technology parks
d. Establishment of national centers of excellence
2. In the development of Science and Technology in the Philippines. There are internal and external
influences to be considered. Which one is part of the internal Influences? _C__
a. Foreign colonizers c. Economic Activities
b. Trades with foreign countries d. International Economic demands
3. All of the following are American influences that lead to the development of science and
technology in the Philippines except. _B__
a. Established the public education system
b. Contributed to the advancement of medicine, engineering, arts, music, and literature
c. Improved the engineering works and health conditions of the people.
d. Established a modern research university (University of the Philippines).
4. All of the following are important skills in science education except. _A__
a. Comparing c. Critical thinking skills
b. Process skills d. Life skills
5. The following are variables on the development of science and technology except. _D__
a. Policies c. Projects
b. Programs d. preparation
6. Establishment of national centers of excellence is a project of which of the following? _A__
a. PAASE c. ASEAN
b. DOST d. STEM
7. Creating Science and Technology parks to encourage academe and industry partnership is one
project of which of the following? ___
a. PAASE c. ASEAN
b. DOST d. STEM
8. It is a collegial body of highly-trained and productive scientists and researchers which
addresses the demand for knowledge, skills and innovations in the sciences and humanities. _B_
a. PAASE c. ASEAN
b. DOST d. NRCP
9. Which NRCP clustered policies does developing school infrastructure and providing ICT
broadband falls? _A__
a. Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International Policies and Governance.
b. Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences, and
Mathematics.
c. Medical, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
d. Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry
10. Which NRCP clustered policies does Harnessing Science and Technology as an independent mover of
development falls? _C__
a. Social Sciences, Humanities, Education, International Policies and Governance.
b. Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry
c. Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences, and
Mathematics.
d. Medical, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
 ACTIVITY 8: Choose two (2) among the following Filipino Scientists and inventors.

Angel C. Alcala Reina Reyes

Profession:
Ecologist and Biologist Profession:
Data Scientist
Specialization:
Ph. D. Biological Sciences Specialization:
Astrophysicist
Most significant contribution:
He identified 50 new species of reptiles and amphibians Most significant contribution:
and established the Philippines’ first artificial coral reef She proved Einstein's Theory of General Relativity on
system, highlighting the importance of marine protected Aa cosmic scale
areas in species rehabilitation.

SCIENTIST/ INVENTOR A SCIENTIST/INVENTOR B

How did these inventions impact the society?
He created the first artificial reef, and this reef became How did these inventions impact the society?
a model for many other fisheries development NASA tells us that pinning down the exact properties of
programs around the world. The artificial reef program Dark Energy is among the most significant problems facing
science today. According to the NASA website, Dark
enabled him to investigate what became known as the Energy is the deepest mystery in physics, and its
25% Solution, which has affected generations of fish resolution is likely to greatly advance our understanding of
populations since its inception. matter, space, and time. This invention is really a big deal.

How were these inventions and discoveries How were these inventions and discoveries
supported by the Philippine government? supported by the Philippine government?
The government supported him by giving him The government supported her by giving him award
award or honour for he is one of our pride. or honour for she is one of our pride.

Did these inventions service the good?

Elaborate your answer. Did these inventions service the good?
Yes, because his invention became a model for many Elaborate your answer.
other fisheries development and programs around the Yes, because as NASA said, it is likely to greatly advance
world. He even discovered new species and highlighted oir understanding of matter,space and time. Also, they
the importance of marine protected areas in species came up with a new astronomical measurement, which
rehabilitation indicates how galaxies are pulled together by gravity. This
is good for all of us.
 ACTIVITY 9: Answer the following. Detach the worksheet once finished.

Match column A to column B. Write the LETTERS of your answers on THE BLANKS before the numbers.

A B
____b__ 1. Mari- Jo Panganiban Ruiz a. Executive director of project NOAH

____d__ 2. Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr. b. Educator and graph theorist

____a__ 3. Alfredo Mahar Lagmay c. Plant biotechnology
____e__ 4. Ramon Cabanos Barba d. Meconium drug testing
____f__ 5. Josefino Cacas Comiso e. Tissue culture in Philippine mangoes
____g_ Jose Bejar Cruz Jr. f. Used satellite images
6.
____h_ Lourdes Jansuy Cruz g. Institute of Electrical and Electronic
7.
____i__ Fabian Millar Dyrit Engineering
8.
____j__ Rafael Dineros Guerrero h. Sea snail venom
9.
____c__ 10. Lilian Formalejo Patena i. Herbal medicine
j. Tilapia culture
k. Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity

What is the goal of the implementation of several programs, projects, and policies by the Philippine
government? Elaborate you answer in not more than 80 words.

The goal is to ensure that the country will develop for these three are connected to each other. Programs
will provide us information about the plans, process, operation, and finances of the project. Projects are
the planned activities to be done that will be monitored by the government offices to ensure its
progress. Policies are about the methods or informations that supports the project to be successful.
CHAPTER
3 LESSON 2: SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINES

ENGAGE

Describe what was it like in your science classes when you were in high school?
What do you think is the importance of science classes?

Your answer:

Science class is challenging and at the same time fun. It is an active subject
with lots of interesting activities such as experiments. Science classes allows
students to explore the world and discover new things. It helps in
understanding the world around us since Science is everywhere. Human
progress throughout history has largely rested on advances in science. But
those progress, won't end there. Science classes help develop our children.
Some skills that they acquire in Science classes includes critical thinking and
problem-solving.
Name:_________________________________________________________
Program, Yr., and Section:________________________________

ACTIVITY 10: Answer the following. Detach the worksheet once finished.

Identify one government project or program available for science education in the Philippines. Include
details of this program or project.

The NSF established a new program called the Undergraduate Pre-Service Science Teacher Education
Program (UPSTEP), its premises included the following:
• Effective preservice programs integrate science and education and often require five years.
• Science faculties are important ingredients in program planning, teaching, and program administration.
• The preparation of an effective science teacher involves more than providing a student with up-to-date
content and some generalized teaching skills.
• Effective programs involve master teachers, school and community leaders, and faculty members.
• Teacher education can be evaluated and used to improve existing programs.
• Effective programs should include advances in computer technology, educational psychology,
philosophy, sociology, and history of science.

The portion of the article above gives a glimpse of the status of the science education of our country. If you
are one of the heads involved in the education sector, what program will you implement in order to improve
the quality of science education of the country? Give details of it.

Science Annual Conference

This program will be implemented yearly. Teachers from different Senior High Schools will be participating
in the division level for this event. This event consists of lessons, experiments, and many more strategies in
teaching. What I want is that students will have the interest in science because of how the teacher teaches
it.
CHAPTER
3 LESSON 3: INDIGENOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Name:_________________________________________________________
Program, Yr., and Section:________________________________

ACTIVITY 11: Answer the following. Detach the worksheet once finished.

Identify one Filipino indigenous knowledge, if possible from your place of origin. Give details about it.

One of the indigenous knowledge that is still popular in our place is "Etag". Etag is an indigenous air-dried
salted slab of meat. It is cured in salt then smoked or air-dried under the sun. The curing process involves
hanging the slice of meat and drying it under the sun or placing the meat above steady smoke. Smoking
or drying under the sun is done until the meat is fully dehydrated. When smoked or dried, some just
leave it like that until the time they are cooked. Others keep them in jars, free from insects, dust and dirt,
making the meat’s preservation better. The color of etag is partly dark brown with noticeable whitish
yellow fat color. Its savory and salty taste made it a good seasoning ingredient for some foods like
pinikpikan. This is the traditional way of preserving pork.

What are the impacts of the indigenous knowledge that you have identified in the country/ in your
locality?
Indigenous knowledge has played a huge role in providing cumulative wisdom passed on from generation
to generation. Etag has been part of the Igorot’s life since the olden times. The Igorots live on mountains
and survive by hunting animals for food. They have to preserve the meat using the process in making the
etag to allow it to last longer until the next hunt. This is practiced until this time. So, I can say that it really
has a great impact in our locality. Not just in our locality, but it has been known to other places and
people as well. Etag is one of the pride of Igorot, one that is being visited. This process is still used as a
way of preservation and etag is used as seasoning to many recipes. This has made the life of our
anscestors easier and better, and so with us.