Assignment

 Submitted by:
M Shahzaib tahir

 Roll no:
BBA-18-07

 Assignment title:
Industrial Revolution

 Submitted to:
Dr Atif gill

University of Sahiwal
Industry 1.0:
Dating back to around 1760, the First Industrial Revolution was the transition to new
manufacturing processes using water and steam.  It was hugely beneficial in terms of
manufacturing a larger number of various goods and creating a better standard of living for
some. The textile industry, in particular, was transformed by industrialization, as was
transportation.

Fuel sources like steam and coal made machine use more feasible, and the idea of
manufacturing with machines quickly spread. Machines allowed faster and easier production,
and they made all kinds of new innovations and technologies possible as well.

Industry 2.0:

The first Industrial Revolution represented the period between the 1760s and around 1840.
This is where the second industrial revolution picked up. Historians sometimes refer to this as
“The Technological Revolution” occurring mainly in Britain, Germany and America.

During this time, new technological systems were introduced most notably superior electrical
technology which allowed for even greater production and more sophisticated machines

Industry 3.0:

It began with the first computer era. These early computers were often very simple, unwieldy
and incredibly large relative to the computing power they were able to provide, but they laid
the groundwork for a world today that one is hard-pressed to imagine without computer
technology.

Around 1970 the Third Industrial Revolution involved the use of electronics and IT (Information
Technology) to further automation in production. Manufacturing and automation advanced
considerably thanks to Internet access, connectivity and renewable energy.

Industry 3.0 introduced more automated systems onto the assembly line to perform human
tasks, i.e. using Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC). Although automated systems were in
place, they still relied on human input and intervention.

Industry 4.0:
The Fourth industrial Revolution is the era of smart machines, storage systems and production
facilities that can autonomously exchange information, trigger actions and control each other
without human intervention.

This exchange of information is made possible with the Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) as we
know it today. Key elements of Industry 4.0 include:

 Cyber-physical system 
 The Internet of things (IoT)
 Cloud computing
 Cognitive computing

Conclusion:

In short, according to all industry revolutions Industry 4.0 is a game-changer, across industrial
settings. The digitalization of manufacturing will change the way that goods are made and
distributed, and how products are serviced and refined. On that basis, it can truly lay claim to
represent the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution.

What is Industry 4.0?

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (or Industry 4.0) is a term originating from the World Economic
Forum in 2016. It is a concept coined by its founder, Klaus Schwab, who defines it as:

‘’being characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the
physical, digital and biological spheres’’

 is not defined by any particular set of emerging technologies themselves, but rather by
the transition to new systems that are built on the infrastructure of the digital
revolution>>
The Fourth Industrial Revolution is already present in the Spanish business network. In fact,
according to the study on it carried out by KPMG:

 37% of the companies involved prioritize it.

 84% claim to have already taken action in this regard.
In addition, the current state of affairs has forced entities to start going digital. According to a
report by Sage:

 40% of companies have taken steps towards going digital during the new normal.
  48% plan to invest in digital transformation.

QUESTION NO. (2)

Regulation history of industry 4.0?
This research aims to investigate the role of Industry 4.0 in the production and service sector in
Pakistan. It therefore considers five Industry 4.0 factors, namely big data, smart factory, cyber
physical systems (CPS), Internet of things (IoT), and interoperability. In order to analyze the role
of Industry 4.0, the textile industry is taken as a production industry, while the logistics industry
is considered as a service industry. Both are facing various challenges in production and services
causing below standard overall performance. To address this issue, a quantitative research
approach with cross-sectional research design was selected. First hand data was collected
through a survey questionnaire from a total of 224 employees of textile and logistics
companies. Smart partial least square-structural equation modeling was preferred to analyze
the collected data. Findings of the study revealed that Industry 4.0 has a key role in promoting
the production and services sector.

QUESTION NO. 3
What are the opportunities for business graduate
industry 4.0?
Industry 4.0 involves digitalizing manufacturing and business processes to create Smart
Factories. The objectives are to increase productivity, improve efficiency, and develop new sales
opportunities. It offers opportunities for your career too. Importantly, we are only at the
beginning of Industry 4.0, the fourth industrial revolution. In fact, when we use the term Smart
Factory, we have an idea of what it is, but there is no real-life model to use as an example. This
is because some of the technologies that will be in the Smart Factories of the future have yet to
be developed. In simple terms, skilled individuals are required to create the technologies,
business processes, implementation strategies, and support solutions that will make Industry
4.0 a tangible reality. In other words, Industry 4.0 offers a vast breadth of career opportunities
in a range of different fields. The Current Landscape Right now, manufacturers in various sector.

QUESTION NO. 3
What is the future of industry 4.0?
The industry 4.0 market was valued at USD 86.03 billion in 2020 and expected to reach USD
267.01 billion by 2026 and grow at a CAGR of 20.71% over the forecast period (2021 - 2026).

QUESTION NO.4
What are the skills & Tools required for industry 4.0?
SKILLS industry 4.0:
 Networking, IT and IoT: Our list begins with an impossibly broad category: networking.
We can expect Industry 4.0 to dramatically impact the number of networking
professionals at work in manufacturing and other critical industries. A big reason for the
increase? The Industrial Internet of Things (IoT). It would take some time to list each of
the established and still-emerging networking-related disciplines across world industry
and commerce. Nevertheless, here's a highly truncated list.

 Data Architects and Scientists: Data science has enjoyed the title of "best job in
America" for the last three years. It's not hard to see why, when you consider the sheer
amount of data the human race generates these days. It's hard to pin down a convincing
number unless you tie it to population growth. When you do that, some estimates
indicate that by 2020, data systems will routinely pull in about 1.7 megabytes of data
each day for every human being on earth.

 Developers and Software Engineers: It seems like an eternity ago that the first graphical
user interface made the news. These days, computers and software-based management
and control systems are all around us. Some of our luckier children even begin learning
coding essentials in grade school, which underscores just how important high-quality
software and firmware has become in maintaining our collective quality of life. As
Industry 4.0 expands, we'll need lots of programmers and software engineers to design
or write.

 Cybersecurity: we rightly refer to the opportunities presented by Industry 4.0 as

unprecedented. Unfortunately, the risks that accompany our wireless and
interconnected technologies are unprecedented too. Security experts advise that any
company interested in investing in smarter technology — most especially if they plan to
retrofit older machines and equipment to play a larger role in their IT infrastructure
must pay just as much attention to bringing security talent aboard.

Tools Industry 4.0:

Digital tools for Industry 4.0 We are engaged into a reality in which technologies like artificial
intelligence, cloud computing, biometrics and digital signatures are developing the business
processes of the companies. Below is a list of their main applications.

 Artificial intelligence: Within the Fourth Industrial Revolution, artificial intelligence is

very useful for machines to learn by themselves. They do so based on the data they
receive and on the history they contain. This is where concepts such as machine learning
and deep learning come into play. For records management, artificial intelligence
algorithms are able to process and analyze documents. This enables both automatic
information retrieval and classification of valuable information from the document.

 Cloud computing: Cloud working is a huge advantage to make work easier in

collaborative environments. Through cloud computing, companies can monitor their
real-time manufacturing data to make informed decisions.

Cloud computing offers considerable advantages when managing documents that are
continuously being generated (e.g., records, quality reports, delivery notes, etc). These
electronic documents will always be available to anyone who requests them with the
required permissions.

 Biometrics: Fingerprint readers, as well as iris or face recognition, or even pads that are
able to capture handwritten signatures are technology options for collecting biometric
information. There are multiple uses, from digitally signing documents, to checking in
and out, or managing access to some specific areas.

 Digital signatures: Among the enormous documentation work involved in the proper
functioning of an industry, electronic signatures can help streamline these operations. It
allows all types of documents to be signed remotely, as well as handling complex signing
processes, etc.
.