NOT

Technology
and
Livelihood
Education
Quarter 1, Wk.8 -
Module 2 Department of Education ●
SET- UP WELDING Republic of the Philippines
EQUIPMENT

Technology and Livelihood Education- Grade 9

9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1, Wk.8 - Module 2: SET-UP WELDING EQUIPMENT
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of

Iligan city Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo
E. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ronald A. Sususco, Reginald A. Nadayag
Content Evaluators: James C. Guiuo & Edilberto B. Luzon
Illustrator/Layout Artist: Ronald A. Sususco, Reginald A. Nadayag
Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago, MSPh, PhD, CESE

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members: Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Blair D. Castillon, PhD., EPS-EPP/TLE
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9
Technology
and
Livelihood
Education
Quarter 1, Wk.8 - Module 2
SET – UP WELDING EQUIPMENT
 This instructional material was collaboratively developed
and reviewed by educators from public and private schools,
colleges, and or/universities. We encourage teachers and other
education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education – Iligan City at
iligancity@deped.gov.ph or Trlrfax (063) 221-6069.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Table of Contents
Pages
What This Module is
About ............................................................................................... … i Recognition
Prior Learning................................................................................................ … ii How
to Learn from this Module ........................................................................................ ….
iii Icons of this
Module ......................................................................................................... ….. iv
Diagnostic
Test………………………………………………………………………………………… v
Welding
Technology………………………………………………………………………………….. vi

QUARTER 1
Lesson 1: (SET – UP WELDING EQUIPMENT)
Pre-
test………………………………………………………………………………………………
… 1 Learning Experiences/Activities.................................................................
……………………. 2 Information Sheet #
1.1........................................................................................................... 3 Self-Check
#1.1...................................................................................................................... 6 Task
 Sheet
1.1………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
Performance Criterion Checklist #
1.1……………………………………………………………… 7

Lesson 2: (SET- UP WELDING ACCESSORIES)

Pre-
test………………………………………………………………………………………………
… 8 Learning Experiences/Activities.................................................................
…………………… 9 Information Sheet
#2.1............................................................................................................ 10 Self-
Check #2.1.....................................................................................................................
12
Task Sheet
#2.1..................................................................................................................... 13
Performance Criterion Checklist #
2.1…………………………………………………………….. 14 Operation sheet
#2.2............................................................................................................ 14
Performance Criterion Checklist #
2.2……………………………………………………………... 15

Lesson 3: (SET- UP WELDING POSITIONERS & FIXTURES)

Pre-
test……………………………………………………………………………………………….
16 Learning Experiences/Activities.................................................................
………………….. 17 Information Sheet
#2.1.............................................................................. ………………….. 18 Self-Check
#2.1................................................................................................................... 24

Summary………………………………………………………………………………………
……. 25 Summative
Test……………………………………………………………………………………. 26 Key
to Answers............................................................................................................ ….
28

References…………………………………………………………………………………………... 30

What This Module is About

Welcome…..

The unit of competency, “SETTING UP OF WELDING EQUIPMENT”, is one of the competencies of

Shielded Metal Arc Welding NC I, a course which comprises the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required
for a learner to possess.

The module, SET UP OF WELDING EQUIPMENT, contains training materials and activities related to
identifying learning requirements, preparing session plan, preparing basic instructional materials, and
organizing learning and teaching activities for you to complete.

In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each
learning outcome. In each learning outcome are Information Sheets, Self Checks, Operation Sheets,
Performance Criterion Checklist, and Job/Tasks/Activity Sheets. Follow and perform the activities on
your own. If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask for assistance from your facilitator.

Remember to:

∙ Work through all the information and complete the activities in each section.
∙ Read Information Sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references are included to supplement
the materials provided in this module.
∙ Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He is there to support you and show
you the correct ways to do things.
∙ You will be given plenty of opportunities’ to ask questions and practice on the job. Make sure you practice
your new skills during your regular work shifts. This way you will improve your speed, memory and your
confidence.
∙ Use the Self Checks, operation Sheets or Tasks Job Sheets at the end of each Section to test your own
progress. Use the performance criteria Checklist or Procedural Checklist located after the Sheet to check
your own performance.
∙ When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, asks your trainer to evaluate you. The
results of your assessment will be recorded in your Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.

You need to complete this module before you can perform the next module. i

What’s In
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some basic knowledge and skills covered in this module.

If you can demonstrate competence to your teacher in a particular skill,

talk to your teacher so you do not have to undergo the same module again. If
you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings
show it to him/her. If the skills you acquired are consistent with and relevant to
this module, they become part of the evidence. You can present these for
RPL. If you are not sure about your competence skills, discuss this with your
teacher.

After completing this module, ask your teacher to assess your

competence. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency
profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own
pace.

In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete and
relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome
may have more than one learning activity.

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency,

in receiving and relaying information. This will be the source of information that
will enable you to acquire the knowledge and skills in Shielded Metal Arc
Welding (SMAW) independently at your own pace with minimum supervision
from your teacher.
 ii
How to Learn from this Module

This module contains information and suggested learning activities on

SET UP OF WELDING EQUIPMENT. It includes instruction and procedure on
how to Repair Weldment.

Completion of this module will help you better understand the

succeeding module on LAY OUT BEADS ON CARBON STEEL PLATES.

This module has three learning outcome that contains learning activities
supported by instructional sheets. Before you perform the instruction, read the
information sheets, and answer the self- check and activities provided. To
ascertain your competence, your teacher will assess what you have acquired
when the knowledge necessary to perform the skill portion of the what
particular learning outcome.

Upon completing this module, report to your competence teacher for

assessment to check your achievement of knowledge and skills requirements
of this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of
completion.

Upon completion of the module the learner should be able to:

∙ Set-up welding machine TLE_IAAW9-12SW-Ih-1 ∙ Set-up
welding accessories TLE_IAAW912SW-Ii-2 ∙ Set-up welding
positioners, jigs and fixtures TLE_IAAW9-12SW-Ij-3

iii
Icons of this Module
 What I Need to This part contains learning
objectives that
Know
are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know
This is an assessment as to your level of
knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In
This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New
An introduction of the new lesson through
various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It
These are discussions of the activities as a
way to deepen your discovery and under
standing of the concept.

What’s More
These are follow-up activities that are in
tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have
Activities designed to process what you
Learned
have learned from the lesson

What I can do
These are tasks that are designed to show
case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

iv

What I Know
 Diagnostic Test

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the following questions:

1. What process uses a length of flux-coated electrode which provided filler

material metal and atmospheric shielding?
a. Shielded Metal Arc Welding c. Welding
b. Arc Welding d. Shielded Welding

2. It is an insulated handle like tool use to hold the non-coated part of

the electrode. a. Electrode c. Electrode Holder
b. Ground Clamp d. Electrode Cable

3. When the electrode melts during welding process, what is being deposited
on the base metal?
a. Arc Stream c. Molten Pool
b. Bead d. Flux Coating

4. It is defined as the depth of fusion beads?

a. Arc Stream c. Slag
b. Molten Pool d. Penetration

5. The outer covering of the deposited bead is refer to as?

a. Arc Stream c. Slag
b. Molten Pool d. Penetration

6. It connects the machine to the base metal.

a. Grounding Clamp c. Vice Grip
b. Electrode Holder d. Pliers

7. Its function is to connect the current from the welding machine to the
electrode which we use to weld the base metal.
a. Electrode Cable c. Electrode
b. Electrode Holder d. Ground Clamp

8. Its function is to hold the electrode at desired angle.

a. Electrode Holder c. Flux
b. Welding Machine d. Penetration

9. It is the kind of electrode that is used for better weld appearance and
easily removed thick slag. It is used for vertical down welding.
a. 6013 c. 6011
b. 6012 d. 6010
10. It is the kind of electrode that is used for deep penetration with a thin yet
tough layer of slag.
a. 7018 c. 6013
b. 6011 d. 6012
11. What is the filler metal that comes in a rod or wire form and is used in brazing in arc
welding?
a. Electrode c. Electrode Holder
b. Ground Clamp d. Welding Rod

12. It is the main part of the welding process. It is a machine that converts
electrical energy to heat energy to join 2 metals together.
a. Time Machine c. Printing Machine
b. Sewing Machine d. Welding Machine

13. The metal material that will be welded or cut.

a. Base Metal c. Grinding Disc
b. Torch d. Cutting Disc

14. You must be careful when you turn the machine on, the electrode
 holder is now? a. Icy cold c. A little bit cold
b. Not so cold. D. Hot

15. It is the Protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or

equipment designed to protect the wearer’s body from injury or infection.
a. Personal Protective Equipment c. Equipment Protection
Personal b. Personal Equipment Protection d. Protection
Personal Equipment

II. Identification
Direction: Identify labelled parts of the
welding power source.

2
.

3.

1.

4.

III. Essay
Directions: Briefly discuss the following questions.
1. What is power source?
2. What are the main welding power sources?

IV. Explanation
Directions: Briefly explain the given queries.
1. AC Transformer
2. DC Generator
3. Transformer Rectifier

vi
WELDING TERMINOLOGIES
✧ AC/Alternating Current - kind of electricity which reverses its direction
periodically for 60 cycles current. The current goes in one direction 60
times in the same seconds, so the cycle changes its direction in 120
times in one second.
✧ AC Transformer – An alternating current source that provides safe
welding voltage and current
✧ Current Range Indicator – Provides the current output reading of the
welding machine.
 ✧ DC/Direct Current - it is a current with a definite or specific sign or
symbols positive and negative.
✧ DC Generator – direct current and of a none flexible control of arc
characteristics and a stable current.
✧ Electrode – Filler metal. Is a metal rod having approximately the same
decomposition as the base metal to be welded.
✧ Power Source – an output power of welding machine that supply during
welding. It might supply welding AC or DC power.
✧ Transformer Rectifier – are designed to provide either AC or DC outputs.
✧ Electrode Holder – Use to grip the electrode. The most common types
are the collet and pincher
✧ Electrode – A metal rod having approximately the same decomposition
as the base metal to be welded.
✧ Power Source – An output power of welding machine that supplies
current. ✧ Primary winding terminals – Provides cable connection from
the main power supply. ✧ Rotating Positioner – Used to hold metal for
casting and add shape parts.

✧ Secondary Winding Terminals – Provide electrode holder cable and

return cable connections to the welding machine.
✧ Transformer rectifier – Designed to provide either AC or DC outputs. ✧
Welding Cables – Also called welding lead, such as electrofde cable. ✧
Welding Fixtures – A device used to speed up production and lower the
cost per unit.

✧ not experience an electrical shock when touching the two points. All the
welding current passes through the earth clamp. Without a good earth
connection, the performance of the welder and the welding machine
will be compromised, this can only mean one thing: an inferior quality
weld.
✧ Hacksaw – Were originally and principally made for cutting metal, but
can also cut various other materials such as plastic and wood.

vii
Lesson
SET – UP WELDING MACHINE
1

What I Know
DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the following questions:

3. What process uses a length of flux-coated electrode which provided filler

 material metal and atmospheric shielding?
a. Shielded Metal Arc Welding c. Welding
b. Arc Welding d. Shielded Welding

4. It is an insulated handle like tool use to hold the non-coated part of

the electrode. a. Electrode c. Electrode Holder
b. Ground Clamp d. Electrode Cable
5. When the electrode melts during welding process, what is being deposited on
the base metal?
a. Arc Stream c. Molten Pool
b. Bead d. Flux Coating

4. It is defined as the depth of fusion beads?

a. Arc Stream c. Slag
b. Molten Pool d. Penetration

5. The outer covering of the deposited bead is refer to as?

a. Arc Stream c. Slag
b. Molten Pool d. Penetration

1
 What I Need to Know

Assessment Criteria:
∙ Identify welding machine parts based on manufacturer’s manual ∙
Perform proper setting of welding machine according to
manufacturer’s manual

Learning Experiences/Activities:
Learning Activities Special Instructions: Pre-test is designed to find
out what the
1. Answer Pre-Test students need more instruction on and what they
may already know.
The focus of this learning outcome provides learners
2. Read the attached the ability to perform the following learning domains:
∙ Information Sheet # 1.1 ∙ Cognitive Skill
∙ Task Sheet 1.1 ∙ Psychomotor Skill
∙ Affective Skill

3. Assessment (Self-Check & Performance Criterion This self- checked instrument will give the necessary
Checklist) ∙ ISSC # 1.1 data or information on how far you can fill in your
∙ TSPCC # 1.1 learning gaps.

4. Compare your answer with answer keys Answer key will definitely help you
to check your own capacity
of learning
5. If you failed to meet the 80% of equivalent Ladderized learning is harmonization of all learning’s
passing standard, simply fill necessary gaps and training mechanisms that allow learners to
that have not mastered progress between technical vocational and higher
education programs, or vice-versa.
6. At the end of this L.O. answer the post test

7. If you pass to this learning competency, then

proceed to the next LO
This statement will warn you to go back to your
previous learning competencies because it seems
that you are not yet ready for the next level of
competency.
Post-test is designed to measure the amount of
learning a student has acquired in a specific
subject. 2

Information Sheet 1.1

What’s
New

Welding machine is equipment that provides high-voltage power

source and convert it into a usable arc of energy to join the two metals by
means of heat causing coalescence to fuse two materials together.
 What Is It
WELDING POWER SOURCE

The function of a power source is to provide the voltage necessary to

maintain an arc between the electrode and the workpiece and a sufficient
supply of electric to melt the surface of the workpiece and the end of the
electrode.

Power sources may supply direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC)
to the electrode. AC is the most common power supply due to the lower cost
and simplicity of the welding machine, however, DC has some advantages.
The DC arc is noticeably more stable when using certain types of electrodes
DC is better for sheet metal.

BASIC PARTS OF WELDING POWER

SOURCE
The basic parts of a power source are
shown in Fig. 1.1 the function of these
parts.

L
e
v
e
r
S
w
it
c
h

Current Range Indicator

Secondary Winding Terminal

Current Adjusting Wheel

http://shop.goldpeaktools.com.ph/pages/yamato-welding

3
• Current adjusting wheel is rotated either clockwise or counter clockwise until
the marker in the indicator is set to the desired current.
• Current range indicator provides the current output reading of the welding
machine. • Secondary windings terminals provides electrode holder cable and
return cable connections to the welding machine.
• Lever Switch provides/switches the machine ON/OFF whenever the machine
needed for operation.
• Primary windings terminals provide cable connection from the main power supply.

TYPES OF POWER CODES

• AC TRANSFORMERS
Alternating current welding power sources (FIG.1 -2) are step down
transformers, which provide
safe welding voltage. The
welding
current supplied by the
secondary circuit of
the transformer is controlled by a
variable
resistor in this circuit or by
altering either the
number of turns or the magnetic
leakage
between the primary and
secondary windings.
Transformer welding machines
are less
complex and expensive than other types.

http://shop.goldpeaktools.com.ph/pages/yamato-welding

• DC GENERATORS
The direct current
generators have the
advantages of a more flexible
control of arc
characteristics and stable
current. A close -
coupled electric motor or an
internal
combustion engine rotates
the armature in the
generator. Varying the
current flowing in the
generator field windings
controls welding
current.

https://m.made-in-china.com/product/Made-in-China-Two-in-One-
Imitative-Welding Generator-DC-Welding-Generator-Welding-
Machine-Generator-777743315.html
 4

•
TRANSFORME
R RECTIFIER
Transformer rectifier is
designed to provide
either DC or AC outputs. With no
moving parts
like generators, they share with
the transformer
the advantages of quiet operation,
convenience and lower cost.

http://www.cruxweld.com/welding-cutting-equipment/welding-rectifier-400-2/

• DC
INVERT
ER
TYPE

DC inverter type are designed to provide

DC output. It is known to be a portable
welding machine, it is handy, quiet in
operation, convenient and lower cost.

http://www.citihardware.com/product/category/111
 5

What I
Have
Learned

SELF CHECK 1.1

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the following questions:

1. What is the metal material that will be welded or cut?

a. Shielded Metal Arc Welding c. Base Metal
b. Arc Welding d. Shielded Welding

2. What is the filler metal that comes in a rod or wire form and is used in
brazing in arc welding?
a. Electrode c. Electrode Holder
b. Ground Clamp d. Welding Rod

3. It is the point where metals have been fused together by heating the
materials to a suitable temperature with the use of welding rod?
a. Welding Machine c. Molten Pool
b. Bread d. Weld

4. Its function is to hold the electrode at desired angle.

a. Electrode Holder c. Flux
b. Welding Machine d. Penetration

5. It is the main part of the welding process. It is a machine that converts

electrical energy to heat energy to join 2 metals together?
a. Machine Gun c. Bending Machine
b. Welding Machine d. Sewing Machine

6
Tasks Sheet 1.1 Title: Prepare to Set-Up Welding Machine
Performance Objective: Given a welding machine and some apparatus, you
should be able to prepare the Welding Equipment
by following the standard
procedures.
Supplies/Materials : Personal protective equipment
∙ Safety shoes
∙ Apron
∙ Leggings
∙ Safety goggles
∙ Gloves
∙ Welding Helmet
∙ Electrodes
Equipment : Welding Machine, Electrode Cable, Ground Clamp Cable,
Electrode Holder, Ground Clamp
Steps/Procedure:
1. Prepare an organized well lighted work area.
2. Make sure you've studied all safety instructions and wear all the PPE
needed in the welding process.
3. Place the welding machine in a safe and not in a obstructing
position in the workplace.
4. Check if the Welding Machine switch is properly turned OFF.
5. Place the Electrode Cable and Electrode Holder in front of the
positive terminal of the Welding Machine.
6. Place the Ground Clamp Cable and Ground Clamp in front of the
negative terminal of the Welding Machine

What I Have Learned

Performance Criterion Checklist 1.1

Direction:
Given a Welding Machine and some of its equipment’s. Assess your performance
by comparing it to the criteria listed in the Performance Standard.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD

Performance Criteria Performance Level

YES NO NA
1. Is the Welding Machine switch is properly turned OFF?
2. Is the Ground Clamp Cable and Ground Clamp placed in front of
the negative terminal of Welding Machine?
3. Is the Electrode Cable and Electrode Holder placed in front of the
positive terminal of Welding Machine?
4. Is the work area properly well lighted and organized?
5. Do you wear all the necessary PPE needed during the welding
process?

7
Lesson

2 SET – UP WELDING ACCESSORIES

 What’s In

The knowledge we have in previous lesson “Set-Up Welding Machine”

gives us an idea of what welding machine is. It is a device that provides
electric current to electrode to join two base metals by means of coalescence.
It is believe that welding machine has cables/wires and other accessories. It is
in this lesson that we have to know and identify functions and uses of welding
accessories.

What I Know
PRETEST
Labelling: Name the accessories and tools shown below

8
 What I Need to Know

Assessment Criteria:
∙ Identify welding cables/wires and other accessories based on functions
and uses ∙ Perform setting/connecting of cables and other accessories in
accordance with manufacturer’s manual

Learning Experiences/Activities:
Learning Activities Special Instructions:
Pre-test is designed to find out what the
1. Answer Pre-Test ∙ OSPCC # 2.1
students need more instruction on and what they
may already know.
2. Read the attached
The focus of this learning outcome provides learners
∙ Information Sheet # 2.1
the ability to perform the following learning domains:
∙ Task Sheet # 2.1
∙ Cognitive Skill
∙ Operation Sheet # 21.
∙ Psychomotor Skill
∙ Affective Skill
3. Assessment (Self-Check & Performance
Criterion Checklist) ∙ ISSC # 2.1 and This self- checked instrument will give the necessary
∙ TSPCC # 2.1 data or information on how far you can fill in your
learning gaps.

4. Compare your answer with answer keys Answer key will definitely help you to
check your own capacity of learning
5. If you failed to meet the 80% of equivalent Ladderized learning is harmonization of all learning’s
passing standard, simply fill necessary gaps that and training mechanisms that allow learners to
have not mastered progress between technical vocational and higher
education programs, or vice-versa.
6. At the end of this L.O. answer the post test

7. If you pass to this learning competency, then

proceed to the next LO
This statement will warn you to go back to your
previous learning competencies because it seems
that you are not yet ready for the next level of
competency.
Post-test is designed to measure the amount of
learning a student has acquired in a specific subject.
9

Information Sheet 2.1 What’s New

Welding Accessory is an external device that can be added to main

equipment generating multiple functions in order to make it more useful,
versatile, or attractive'. In the context of welding, the scope is wide and tends
to include both consumables and non consumables required to perform a
particular welding task.
 What Is It

(www.instructables.com)

Welding machine consist of a power source with the accessories attached to

it. Without these accessories, the welding machine will not perform its
functions.

Before attempting to install to a welding machine, you should be familiar with

its accessories before using the machine

Welding Cables - The welding cables conduct from the power source to the
work. The electrode cable is connected to the electrode holder. The return
cable is connected to the return clamp. It is designed for use in electric arc-
welding machines to power an electrode, a specially designed metal rod that
conducts a charge. The charge carried by the electrode is

10
needed to produce an electric arc, the heat source, between the electrode and the metals being welded.

(www.amazon.ca)

Grounding/Earthing Clamp – It connects the Grounding/Earthing Cable from the welding machine to the
base metal. The purpose of connecting the equipment enclosure to ground is to ensure that the metal
enclosure of the welding machine and ground is at the same potential. When they are at the same
potential, a person will not experience an electrical shock when touching the two points. All the welding
current passes through the earth clamp. Without a good earth connection, the performance of the welder
and the welding machine will be compromised; this can only mean one thing: an inferior quality weld.
Electrode Holders – It connects to the welding cable then connects the welding current to the electrode.
The insulated handle is to guide the electrode over the weld joint and feed the electrode over the weld joint
and feed the electrode into the weld puddle as it is consumed. Electrode holders should be relatively light,
fully insulated and sturdy enough to withstand continual handling. Its function is to hold the electrode at
desired angle.

11

Electrode holder
∙ Should be the amperage rating and in good condition for safe.
∙ Designed to be use at its maximum amperage rating or less
∙ Too large holder for amperage ranged used makes it hard for the
manipulation and the operator fatigue increases.

Welding Set-up Safety

∙ The arc welding should be properly palce at the worksite and should be
free from falling sparks.
∙ The machine should be stacked to save space, but there must be room
enough in the machine for the air to circulate thus preventing hazards.
∙ Overheating. The air should be free from oil, dust, and metal fillings. ∙ The
power should be turned off periodically and the machine should be clean
after using.
∙ The machine should be away from the cleaning tank and any other source
of corrosive fumes that can be blown through it.
∙ The work station should be free from combustile materials.
∙ Check the surrounding before starting to weld. There should be a safety
watch. A safety watch is a person who knows safety measures and
who can warn another person in danger.

What I
Have
Learned
Self-Check
 Multiple Choices
Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. The purpose of connecting the equipment enclosure to ground is to ensure
that the metal enclosure of the welding machine and ground is at the same
potential. a. Ground Cable c. Winding Terminal
b. Earth Clamp d. Welding Machine
2. It is connected to the electrode holder
a. Ground Cable c. Winding Terminal
b. Earth Clamp d. Welding Machine
3. It connects to the welding cable then connects the welding current to
the electrode. a. Ground Cable c. Electrode Holder
b. Earth Clamp d. Welding Machine
4. The amperage range of electrode size 2.5mm core wire is.
a. 60-100 b. 90-130 c. 120-180 d. 150-200 5. Among the following
are welding safety procedure.
a. The arc welding should be properly palce at the worksite and should be
free from falling sparks.
b. The power should be turned off periodically and the machine should be
clean after using.
c. Overheating. The air should be free from oil, dust,
and metal fillings. d. All of the above

12

Tasks Sheet 1.2 Setting Up Welding Accessories

Equipment, Tools, And Materials Needed:
AC/DC Machine Ground Clamp
Welding Cable Hexagon Key
Electrode/Return Cable Set of Wrenches

Procedure
3. Prepare for set up
∙ Read the operation manual provide by the manufacturer to guide you
in installing, operating, and maintaining the welding machine.

4. Connect
∙ Electrode holder to the electrode cable and return
∙ the clamp to the return cable.

3. Power

∙ Power cable to the main electrical supply as shown below. ∙ Consult a qualified
electrician for primary circuit.
 13

What I Have Learned

Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1

Direction: Given a welding power source and accessories

∙ Set up a welding machine
∙ Assess your performance by comparing it to the criteria listed in the
performance standard
Performance standard

Performance Criteria Performance Level YES NO NA

1. Is the electrode holder connected to the electrode cable?
o Is the return clamp connected to the return cable
3. Are the electrode cable and return cable connected to secondary
winding terminal?
4. Are the power cables connected to the primary winding terminal?
5. Are the power cables connected to the main electrical supply?
6. Is the return cable clamp connected to the welding cable?
Note: Have learners assess their performance. For criteria needing

assistance, provide the appropriate interventions.

Operation
Sheet 2.1
What I Can Do

What Can I Do

Title: Set-Up Welding Accessories

Performance Objective:
Given a welding machine and its accessories, you should be able to Set-
Up the Welding Accessories by following the standard procedures.
Supplies/Materials :
Personal protective equipment
 Equipments:
Welding Machine, Electrode Cable, Ground Clamp Cable, Electrode
Holder, Ground Clamp, Hexagonal Key, Set of Wrenches
Steps/Procedure:
1. Prepare an organized well lighted work area.

14
2. Make sure you've studied all safety instructions and wear all the PPE
needed in the welding process.
3. Place the welding machine in a safe and not in a obstructing
position in the workplace.
4. Check if the Welding Machine switch is properly turned OFF.
5. Place the Electrode Cable and Electrode Holder in front of the
positive terminal of the Welding Machine.
6. Place the Ground Clamp Cable and Ground Clamp in front
of the negative terminal of the Welding Machine.
7. Connect the Electrode Cable to the Electrode Holder and attached
the other end of the cable to the positive terminal of the Welding
Machine.
8. Connect the Ground Clamp Cable to the Ground Clamp and
attached the other end of the cable to the negative terminal of
the Welding Machine.
9. Plug in the Welding Machine to the Power Source.
10. Put your Ground Clamp in position to the base metal.
11. Turn ON the Welding Machine.
12. Set the Welding Machine to its correct Current Setting. Set
the amperage matched to the selected electrode diameter
and type.

What I
Have
Learned
Performance Criteria Checklist 2.1

Direction:
Given a Welding Machine and some of its equipment’s. Assess your
performance by comparing it to the criteria listed in the Performance
Standard.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD
Performance Level
Performance Criteria 7. Is the Ground Clamp cable properly connected to
negative terminal of the Welding Machine?
1. Is the Welding Machine switch is properly turned 8. Is the Electrode cable properly connected to
OFF? 2. Is the Ground Clamp Cable and Ground positive terminal of the Welding Machine?
Clamp placed in front of the negative terminal of 9. Is the Ground Clamp properly attached to the base
Welding Machine? metal? 10. Is the Welding Machine in its correct
3. Is the Electrode Cable and Electrode Holder placedCurrent Setting? Matched with the electrode being
in front of the positive terminal of Welding Machine? selected to use.
4. Is the work area properly well lighted and
organized? 5. Do you wear all the necessary PPE
needed during the welding process?
6. Is the Welding Machine not in a obstructing
position in the work place? 15
YES NO N A
 Lesson SET – UP WELDING POSITIONER,
3
JIGS, AND FIXTURES

What’s In
The knowledge we have in previous lesson “Set-Up Welding
accessories” gives us a full background of what a welding machine and its
accessories are. Their parts and functions envision us on how to connect all
welding accessories to its main component. The next level of competency will
tell us about Set-up welding positioner, jigs, and fixtures that would enlighten
all learners the proper way of placing the said tools.

What I Know
PRETEST
DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the following questions:

1. A device that rotates around a 360° spin that allows a welder to stand in
one position and constantly work on a level surface. It adds comfort for
the welder who must perform on odd shaped parts, such as tubular
pipelines.
a. Welding Positioner c. Welding Fixture
b. Welding Jigs d. Vice Grip

2. It is used to position product parts for welding. This secures the geometry
of the product parts.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
a. Welding Positioner d. Pliers

3. It is a large brace that keeps a welding project stable in the face of

pressure, heat, motion, and force. A quality jig will streamline welding
work by keeping parts together in a vice grip. Whether the welding is
entirely manual, partially automatic, or fully robotic, a jig moves the work
piece while the tool remains stationary.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Welding Machine

4. The device mechanically manipulates the workpiece; the welder can

access areas that previously would have been difficult to reach.
Additionally, multiple assembly points can be ergonomically positioned. A
welder can maneuver or rotate a workpiece in 360° manually with little
effort, perhaps without the need to break an arc.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Manual Welding Positioner d. Welding Machine

5. It is used to hold the parts in the required shape and is used from smaller
parts to larger parts of a plane.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Manual Welding Positioner d. Welding Machine
 16

What I Need to Know

Assessment Criteria:
∙ Identify welding positioner, jigs and fixtures according to job
requirements ∙ Determine the location for setting up the welding
positioner, jigs and fixtures ∙ Set-up welding positioner, jigs and
fixtures in conformity with job requirement ∙ Observe safety
practices in setting up welding positioner, jigs and fixtures

Learning Experiences/Activities:
Learning Activities Special Instructions:
Pre-test is designed to find out what the
1. Answer Pre-Test students need more instruction on and what they
may already know.
The focus of this learning outcome provides learners
the ability to perform the following learning domains:
1. Read the attached
∙ Cognitive Skill
∙ Information Sheet # 3.1
∙ Psychomotor Skill
∙ Affective Skill
This self- checked instrument will give the necessary
2. Assessment (Self-Check & Performance data or information on how far you can fill in your
Criterion Checklist) ∙ ISSC # 3.1 learning gaps.

3. Compare your answer with answer keys Answer key will definitely help you to
check your own capacity of learning
4. If you failed to meet the 80% of equivalent and training mechanisms that allow learners to
passing standard, simply fill necessary gaps that progress between technical vocational and higher
have not mastered education programs, or vice-versa.

5. At the end of this L.O. answer the post test

6. If you pass to this learning competency, then

proceed to the next LO
This statement will warn you to go back to your
previous learning competencies because it seems
that you are not yet ready for the next level of
competency.
Post-test is designed to measure the amount of
learning a student has acquired in a specific subject.
17
Ladderized learning is harmonization of all learning’s

Information Sheet 3.1

What’s New
As welder, we need a place where we can put our welded metals in different position.
Each welding position will be well demonstrated under the various welding
techniques through the help of this welding positioners, jigs, and fixtures. In
each case, a better weld may be produced, if the parts are positioned
differently and held while being welded.

W
ha
t
is
It

A rotating positioner used for casting and odd shaped parts. Regardless of
the type of positioner, it should be constructed to hold the desired weld firmly
without a long complicated set up time. It should also be constructed so that
most weld joints can be easily approached by the welder without any tiring
motion.

Manual Welding Positioner is the device mechanically manipulates the work

piece; the welder can access areas that previously would have been difficult to
reach. Additionally, multiple assembly points can be ergonomically positioned.
A welder can maneuver or rotate a work piece in 360° manually with little
effort, perhaps without the need to break an arc.

18
Welding Fixtures are devices used to speed up production and lower the cost
per unit are called fixtures. When many similar parts are to be drilled with
accuracy, the parts can be stacked and drilled at the same time while held by
a fixture. The fixtures are designed so that the holes are placed properly.
Fixtures should be constructed to ensure quick and accurate placement of
parts in each fixture, whether for welding, drilling, cutting, or other purposes.
Ease of removing the finished part from the fixture is also very important and
allowances must be made for distortion.

(www.tws.edu/blog/welding/what-is-a-welding-jig/)

Welding Jigs - is a large brace that keeps a welding project stable in the face
of pressure, heat, motion, and force. A quality jig will streamline welding work
by keeping parts together in a vice grip. Whether the welding is entirely
manual, partially automatic, or fully robotic, a jig moves the work piece while
the tool remains stationary.

Importance of Welding Jigs:

Every welding job involves a number of different tools. It is very
common to use welding jigs on a project due to their strength and
dependability. Jigs make welding jobs easier, quicker, more accurate, more
comfortable, and more cost-efficient.

19

What is It
 A. Welding Positioners

It is a well-known fact that positioning equipment can assist welders in

maneuvering and welding large assemblies. What might not be so well-known
is that many small assemblies can be mechanically positioned to provide the
welder with the same benefits. The principles of positioning are the same for
all weldment, large or small. The base in product is affixed to the positioning
equipment and then maneuvered by mechanical means into a position that
allows the most effective welding and assembly. A properly positioned
weldment, regardless of the size, reduces welder fatigue, increases safety,
improves weld quality, and saves on production floor space. By moving the
weldment using mechanical means and positioning the welding area into a
comfortable range, welders are not forced to weld out of position or in an
uncomfortable position.

1. Selecting the right positioning device

∙ The job involves accounting not only for the weight and size of the
weldment, but also for the Center of Gravity (COG) and how far it is from the
positioning device. 2. Attach weldment correctly

∙ How a weldment is attached to the positioning device is as important as

the positioner itself, because this is the point where separation would
naturally occur. Production fixtures are designed for a specific
application performed repeatedly.

3. Use Turning Rolls for Cylinders

∙ If a weldment is cylindrical, it is eligible to be rolled, Small turning rolls-

powered or idler type - can rotate a pipe or vessel to enable downhill
welds. The power rolls provide steady rotation, producing an even
circumferential weld.

4. Keep It Flat

∙ Even with small positioning equipment it is important that the unit be

mounted to a flat, even surface to prevent it from tipping. If mounting
holes are provided, they should be used to secure the positioner to a
stable surface to prevent tipping when or if it encounters an
unexpected force. A positioner mounted to a workbench or stand must
be secured as well.

5. Connect Ground Current to the Positioner

∙ During welding, a ground current should be connected to the positioner

itself. The ground current transfers fro the table and into the chassis,
which eliminates having to remove and replace a welding clamp
continuously. Without proper grounding, electrical parts can be
damaged and substandard weld deposits made. The positioner should
be compatible with the electric current produced by the welding

20
process. Also, all ground cables must be secured tightly by removing
any paint before bolting to the carriage.
(www.thefabricator.com)

B. Modular Fixturing in Welding

 A well-designed fixture will hold metal fabrication work in a consistent
and repeatable manner, making it suitable for temporary jobs, high mix jobs,
prototyping, and one-off jobs. In welding and fabrication, you cannot sacrifice
quality in favor of speed. Your shop’s success rests on accomplishing that
trifecta of service: Speed, Quality, and Affordability. A modular fixturing system
can help you to achieve that trifecta. Comprising a ground, flat welding table
with a surface of accurately machined holes for the set-up of clamps and
components at any point on the tabletop, modular fixturing can influence your
ability to seamlessly adapt to a range of jobs. The real benefits of modular
fixturing are adaptability and repeatability. Work pieces must be set-up
securely and precisely to ensure dimensional accuracy during the welding
process and to prevent distortion of the finished weldment.

Step-by-Step Welding Fixturing Frame Setup

Step 1 Center the work piece on the modular fixturing table to determine how
much space you have to work with. Remember to allow for adequate space
for clamping elements in addition to work pieces.

Step 2. Decide on the starting rows of holes in the fixture location. Place stops
or posts in the tabletop holes to create the fixed right angle to the first two
sides of the frame. Line up to two stops in a straight line on each side (the
holes in a modular welding tabletop make this step easy). (See Figure 1)

Figure 1
(photo courtesy of Ling Titone, Strong Hand Tools, Santa Fe Springs, California)

Elevate the workpiece from the table using spacers or rests to place all
stock at a uniform height, provide better access to joints for welding, and
minimize heat transfer to the tabletop to preserve its longetivity. (See Figure
2)

21
Figure 2
(photo courtesy of Ling Titone, Strong Hand Tools, Santa Fe Springs, California)

Step 3. Square off the other two sides of the weldment using adjustable
brackets to allow for adjustable positioning of the work pieces to set the
proper size of the finished frame. Make sure to have stops for the end pieces
that don’t interfere with the intended weld path.

Step 4. Clamp the work pieces to the tabletop securely (See Figure 3). Use
hold-down clamps to ensure work pieces don’t move or warp during tack
welding.
 Figure 3
(photo courtesy of Ling Titone, Strong Hand Tools, Santa Fe Springs, California)

Step 5. Check that everything is square before you tack weld.

Step 6. If everything is square, go ahead and make the tack. If not, adjust the
work piece until it is square and then tack.

Step 7. Check squareness on each corner. If you’re satisfied with the end
result, complete the final welds (See Figure 4).

22
Figure 4
(photo courtesy of Ling Titone, Strong Hand Tools, Santa Fe Springs, California)

Tips for Creating a Fixture

1. Consider table size. Size of your table surface. Make it sure it is sufficient
enough to hold and properly fixture your weldment.

2. Determine fixture location. If the weldment is small, it may be best to place

the fixture close to the edge of the table so you can access it more
conveniently.

3. Ensure the weldment is square. It’s a good habit to square off two
perpendicular sides of the weldment using fixed stops so that you know
those first two sides will line up with the tabletop holes.

4. Think about repeating weldment removal. If you work with repeating

weldment, think how the finished weldment can be removed quickly and easily
to speed up production. 5. Simplify tack welding. When setting up a fixture,
ensure that it will allow access to all weld joints so you can complete the tack
welding all at one time.

6. Don’t overlook clamping. Simply placing parts against a fixed stop does not
replace clamping it down. Clamping will help you to achieve accurate
welding and prevent warping during cool-down.

7. Choose a modular setup. When sourcing a modular fixturing system, choose

one with removable individual plates for unlimited fixturing options,
especially when you need to remove plates in the center of the table for
weldment access, or when you need to increase the width or length of the
table to fixture oversized weldment.
(Author: Pam Farley, Marketing Manager, WELDER, www.thefabricator.com)
 23

What I Have Learned

SELF CHECK 3.1

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer for each of the following questions:

1. A device that rotates around a 360° spin that allows a welder to stand in one
position and constantly work on a level surface. It adds comfort for the
welder who must perform on odd shaped parts, such as tubular pipelines.
a. Welding Positioner c. Welding Fixture
b. Welding Jigs d. Vice Grip

2. It is used to position product parts for welding. This secures the geometry of
the product parts.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Pliers
3. It is a large brace that keeps a welding project stable in the face of pressure,
heat, motion, and force. A quality jig will streamline welding work by
keeping parts together in a vice grip. Whether the welding is entirely
manual, partially automatic, or fully robotic, a jig moves the workpiece
while the tool remains stationary.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Pliers
4. The device mechanically manipulates the workpiece, the welder can access
areas that previously would have been difficult to reach. Additionally,
multiple assembly points can be ergonomically positioned. A welder can
maneuver or rotate a a workpiece in 360° manually with little effort,
perhaps without the need to break an arc.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Pliers

5. It is used to hold the parts in the required shape and is used from smaller
parts to larger parts of a plane.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Welding Machine

24
 Summary
Set up welding equipment is a primary procedure that welders must
know. These are set up welding machine, set up welding accessories, and set
up of welding positioners, jigs, and fixtures. To set up welding machine is an
eminent role that welders must do. Even neophyte welders are obliged to
know and identify the types of welding machine and its parts and functions.
Because all welders believe in a saying that the right tool for the right job and
you are only as good as your tools. The right choice and the right use of
equipment produce outstanding work and production. The advance and
competitive welding machines as well as learners training can compel more
necessities than to traditional welding practices. Welding accessories also
plays a major role in tone and quality of weld. Those accessories must be
firmly in fit, in proper place, and correct mode of use to its main components.
These accessories will help you circumnavigate well in a worksite and put you
under pressure depending upon on how you manipulate its parts. To set up of
jigs, fixtures, and welding positioners are also very important in fabrication
workplace. These three tools have different functions and uses but it provides
stylish artwork and designed of its own purpose. These three tools provide
work comfort, speed, and help restrain from any ergonomic positioning. Jigs
and fixtures are rare to school laboratory because these two workpiece of
welding is highly applicable for respected companies for their mass production
of welding goods and commodities. Unlike welding manual positioners is such
a fit tool for students, to where they could develop and enhance their welding
skill on its own pace and decisions. The said manual welding positioners
provide creativity and projects different kinds of positioning suitable for
learners welding procedure. Knowing of these three set ups of welding
materials will generate ideas on how to prepare and contemplate to the next
challenges of the incoming module.

25
 Summative Test
I. Identification
Direction: Identify the following parts of welding and its accesories

II. Multiple Choices

DIRECTION: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What process uses a length of flux-coated electrode which provided filler
material metal and atmospheric shielding?
a. Shielded Metal Arc Welding c. Welding
b. Arc Welding d. Shielded Welding
2. It is an insulated handle like tool use to hold the non-coated part of
the electrode. a. Electrode c. Ground Clamp
b. Ground Clamp Ground Clamp d. Electrode Cable
3. When the electrode melts during welding process, what is being deposited
on the base metal.
a. Arc Stream c. Molten Pool
b. Bead d. Flux Coating

4. It is defined as the depth of fusion beads?

a. Arc Stream c. Slag
b. Molten Pool d. Penetration

5. The outer covering of the deposited bead is refer to as?

a. Arc Stream c. Slag
b. Molten Pool d. Penetration

6. Injection torches can use fuel gases with pressure as low as:
a. 7 psi (0.49 kg/cm²) c. 6 oz./in² (26.3 g/cm²) b. 2 psi
(0.14 kg/cm²) d. 9 oz./in² (39.4 g/cm²)

7. Transformer rectifier is designed to provide either DC or AC outputs. With no

moving parts like generators, they share with the transformer the
advantages of quiet operation, convenience and lower cost.

26
a. Transformer Rectifier c. AC Transformer
b. DC Generators AC Transformer d. DC Inverter

8. Filler metal. Is a metal rod having approximately the same decomposition as

the base metal to be welded.
 a. Welding Cable b. Flux c. Slag d. Electrode

9. It is a location of molten metal produce by heat of welding process. a.

Flux b. Molten Pool c. Slag d. Arc Stream

10. The point where metals have been fused together by heating the materials
to a suitable temperature with the use of welding rod.
a. Weld b. Base Metal c. Bead d. Arc Stream 11. It is the main part of the
welding process. It is a machine that converts electrical energy to heat energy
to join 2 metals together.
a. Electrode Holder c. Welding Machine
b. Welding Cablec. d.Grounding Clamp
12. It connects to the welding cable and connects the welding current to the
electrode. The insulated handle is to guide the electrode over the weld
joint and feed the electrode over the weld joint and feed the electrode into
the weld puddle as it is consumed. a. Electrode Holder c. Grounding Clamp
b. Electrode d. Welding Cable
13. It is the kind of electrode that is used for deep penetration with a thin yet
tough layer of slag.
a. 7018 b. 6011 c. 6013 d. 6012 14. This is the most dangerous
part of setting up the stick welding machine. a. Filler Rod Selection,
Amperage Selection
b. Turn on and Grounding the Machine
c. Plug in the Machine
d. Just seeing the Machine.
15. You must be careful when you turn the machine on, the electrode
holder is now? a. Icy cold b. Not so cold. c. A little bit cold d. Hot

16. A device that rotates around a 360° spin that allows a welder to stand in
one position and constantly work on a level surface. It adds comfort for the
welder who must perform on odd shaped parts, such as tubular pipelines.
a. Welding Positioner c. Welding Fixture
b. Welding Jigs d. Vice Grip
17. It is used to position product parts for welding. This secures the geometry
of the product parts.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Pliers
18. It is a large brace that keeps a welding project stable in the face of
pressure, heat, motion, and force. A quality jig will streamline welding work
by keeping parts together in a vice grip. Whether the welding is entirely
manual, partially automatic, or fully robotic, a jig moves the workpiece
while the tool remains stationary.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Welding Positioner d. Welding machine

27
19. The device mechanically manipulates the workpiece; the welder can
access areas that previously would have been difficult to reach.
Additionally, multiple assembly points can be ergonomically positioned. A
welder can maneuver or rotate a workpiece in 360° manually with little
effort, perhaps without the need to break an arc.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
b. Manual Welding Positioner d. Welding Machine

20. Are used to hold the parts in the required shape and is used from smaller
parts to larger parts of a plane.
a. Welding Fixture c. Welding Jigs
 b. Manual Welding Positioner d. Welding Machine

KEY To ANSWERS
Diagnostic Test
Test I Multiple Choice.
1. A 6. A 11. D
2. C 7. A 12. D
3. B 8. A 13. A
4. D 9. A 14. D
5. C 10. B 15. A

Test II. Identification

1. Secondary Winding Terminal 2. Lever Switch
3. Current Range Indicator 4. Current Adjusting Wheel

III. Essay
1. Provide the voltage necessary to maintain an arc between the electrode and
the workpiece.

2. Alternating Current (AC) is the main welding power source due to lower cost
and simplicity of the welding machine

IV. Explanation
1. AC transformer power source are step down transformer which provide safe welding

2. DC Generators have the advantages of a more flexible control of arc

characteristics and stable current

3. TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER is designed to provide either DC

or AC outputs. LO 1. Set-up welding machine

Pretest
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C

Information Sheet 1.1 (Self-Check 1.1)

1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. B

Task Sheet 1.1 (Performance Criterion Checklist 1.1)

(Key answer of this Tasks sheet 1.1 will depend upon the tone and quality of
the learner’s performance criterion checklist during their time of
demonstration)

LO 2. Set-up welding accessories

Pretest
1. POWER SOURCE PLUG 6. BASE METAL
2. POWER INPUT CABLE 7. WELDING TABLE
3. ELECTRODE CABLE 8. GROUNDING TABLE
4. ELECTRODE HOLDER 9. GROUNDING CLAMP
5. ELECTRODE 10. WELDING MACHINE

28
Information Sheet 1.1 (Self-Check 2.1)
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D

Task Sheet 2.1 (Performance Criterion Checklist 2.1)

(Key answer of this Tasks sheet 2.1 will depend upon the tone and quality of
the learner’s performance criterion checklist during their time of
demonstration)

Operation Sheet 3.1 (Performance Criterion Checklist 3.1)

(Key answer of this Operation sheet 2.1 will depend upon the tone and quality
of the learner’s performance criterion checklist during their time of
demonstration)

LO 3. Set-up welding positioners, jigs and fixtures

Pretest
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A

Information Sheet 3.1 (Self-Check 3.1)

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A

Summative Tests
Test I. Identification
1. Power Source Plug 6. Workpiece / Base Metal 2.
Power Input Cable 7. Welding Table
3. Electrode Cable 8. Earthing / Grounding Cable / Return Clamp 4.
Electrode Holder 9. Earthing / Grounding Clamp / Return Clamp 5. Electrode
10. Welding Machine

Test II Multiple Choice

1. A 6. B 11. C 16. A
2. C 7. A 12. A 17. A
3. D 8. D 13. B 18. C
4. B 9. B 14. C 19. B
5. C 10. A 15. B 20. A

29
REFERENCES:

For your guide, Included all third party materials or sources in

developing the material (http://shop.goldpeaktools.com.ph/pages/yamato-

welding)
(https://m.made-in-china.com/product/Made-in-China-Two-in-One-
Imitative-Welding Generator-DC-Welding-Generator-Welding-
Machine-Generator-777743315.html)

(http://www.cruxweld.com/welding-cutting-equipment/welding-
rectifier-400-2/) (www.instructables.com)

(www.bakersgas.com)

(www.amazon.ca)

(www.indiamart.com)

(www.mantrafze.com)

(www.quora.com)

(www.homedepot.com)
(sg.rs-online.com)
(www.wireandsupply.com)

(www.horme.com.sg)

(www.leancentre.co.uk)

(www.sears.com)

(nitrogasweldingsupplies.com)

(www.banggood.com)

(www.wshasia.com)

(www.thefabricator.com)

(photo courtesy of Ling Titone, Strong Hand Tools, Santa Fe

Springs, California) (Author: Pam Farley, Marketing Manager,

WELDER, www.thefabricator.com)

(www.tws.edu/blog/welding/what-is-a-welding-jig/)

30

For inquiries and feedback,

please write or call:
 DepEd Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St.,
Iligan City Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address:

iligan.city@deped.gov.ph 31