MAPEH 9

MUSIC • ARTS • PHYSICAL EDUCATION • HEALTH

Health – Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Module 5: Short Term and Long Term Effects of Substance Use and Abuse
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self Learning Module

Writer: Rolando A. Buce
Editors: Anthony A. Quinalayo
Reviewers: Maria Charito C. Areglo and Martha Andrea L. Patco
Illustrators: Edison P. Clet, Lionel Gonzales, Anabel R. Miranda, Arlyn V. Reyes, and
Ariel M. Calimag
Layout Artist: Martha Andrea L. Patco

Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin

OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Aurelio G. Alfonso
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Dr. Victor M. Javena
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon, Ed. D., EPP/TLE

Liza A. Alvarez, Science
Bernard R. Balitao. Araling Panlipunan
Joselito E. Calios, English
Norlyn D. Conde Ed. D., MAPEH
Wilma Q. Del Rosario, LRMS
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D., Filipino
Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D. ESP/SPED
Dulce O. Santos, Ed. D., Kinder/ MTB
Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed. D., Mathematics

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Department of Education – Division of Pasig City
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Contact No. :
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 MAPEH 9
MUSIC • ARTS • PHYSICAL EDUCATION • HEALTH

Quarter 2
Module 5
Short Term and Long Term Effects
of Substance Use and Abuse
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Health Grade 9 Self Learning Module on (Short Term and Long
Term Effects of Substance Use and Abuse)!

This Self Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators from Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-In-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin in partnership
with the Local Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis
N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) while overcoming their personal,
social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Health Grade 9 Self Learning Module on (Community and

Environmental Health)!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module

Pretest - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills that you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson - This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the

lessons.

Valuing - This part will check the integration of values in the learning
competency.

Posttest - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
 EXPECT AT I ON

At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

1. discusses the harmful short-term and long-term effects of substance use
and abuse on the body;
2. discusses the harmful short-term and long-term effects of substance use
and abuse on the following domains;
 Self
 Family
 School and
 Community
3. explains the health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal and economic scope
of substance use and abuse.

PRETEST

Match column A with column B.

Choose the word from column ( B ) that best describe or associate with the picture
on column ( A ). Write the letter of your answer on the blank before the number.

A B
______1. a. Stimulants

______2. b. depressants

______3. c. narcotics

______4. d. hallucinogens
______5. e. Inhalants

RECAP

Fact or Bluff: Write FACT if the statement is correct and write BLUFF if the
statement is not correct.
1. Drugs of abuse worsen life’s problems and worries.
2. Drugs of abuse place a user in a dangerous and life-threatening situation.
3. Drugs of abuse help in the digestion of food.
4. Drugs of abuse do not improve memory.
5. Drugs of abuse heat up the body.

L E S S ON

Each classification of drugs has different short term and long-term effects.
Short-term effects last for a couple of days, hours or even shorter periods while long-
term effects can be felt for weeks, months and even for a life time. The following is
an overview of the short-term and long-term effects of substance use and abuse.

A. GATEWAY DRUGS

Gateway drugs are accepted and legal with restrictions. In the Philippines,
people below 18 years of age are not allowed to buy and use gateway drugs. The
use of gateway drugs puts a person at risk of using more dangerous and illicit
drugs. Tobacco of any form and alcohol are gateway drugs.

Gateway Drug Short-Term Effects Long-Term Effects

 Headache and light Damage of organs like liver, heart,
A. headedness colon and brain
Alcohol Slurred speech Cancer
Slow body reflex, senses and Cardiovascular diseases
coordination Cirrhosis of the liver
Overconfident Poor study and work performance
Mood swings (depression, Paralysis and/ or loss of limb due to
high spirit, aggressiveness) road accidents and other tragic
Experience of blackout (loss events
of consciousness) Alcohol poisoning which leads to
Nausea (headache with coma and eventual death
vomiting)
B. Tobacco Stress Development of asthma
Rapid heart rate and pulse Atherosclerosis
rate Thrombosis
Persistent cough Cardiovascular diseases
Difficulty in breathing Chronic Obstructive
Halitosis or bad breath Pulmonary Disease
Sinusitis and otitis media Cancer of the mouth, throat, skin,
Increased phlegm production lungs, and other body parts
Stomach problems Hypertension or increased blood
Weak physical performance pressure
Heart attack and stroke which leads
to coma and death

B. DEPRESSANTS

Depressants, also known as “downers”, suppress or slow down the central

nervous system. In the medical field, depressants are also called sedatives which
are used to treat anxiety, mental disorders and sleep disorders like insomnia.

Types of depressants are tranquilizers, barbiturates, and hypnotics. Tranquilizers are

mild depressants which are used to treat anxiety. Barbiturates are stronger
than tranquilizers and are used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders and
control seizures. Hypnotics are the most powerful depressants. Alcohol is also a
depressant. The table below shows the effects of depressants on the body.
 Short-Term Effects Long-Term Effects
- Slow brain function which leads to - Agitation and aggressive behaviors
temporary memory loss - Depression leading to mental disorders
- Slow pulse rate and heart rate - Hypertension or high blood pressure
- Below normal breathing pattern - Cardiovascular diseases
- Low blood pressure - Paralysis of the muscles and nerves
- Inability to concentrate and poor - Brain stroke
judgment - Chronic liver disease
- Confusion and irritability - Renal or kidney failure
- Dizziness and lightheadedness - Cancer of the colon and other form of
- Slurred speech cancer
- Loss of body balance and sluggishness - Diabetes
- Depression - Coma and death

C. STIMULANTS

Stimulants are also known as “uppers” or “speeders”. They stimulate or activate

the central nervous system. A person can stay awake for longer periods under
the influence of stimulant drugs. Some stimulants are legal while some are illicit and
dangerous. Caffeine is a stimulant which is found in soft drinks, energy drinks,
coffee, tea and chocolate. Illicit stimulants include cocaine and methamphetamine or
shabu. The table on the next page shows the effects of stimulants on the body.

Short-Term Effects of Stimulants Long-Term Effects of Stimulants

- Increased heart rate and pulse rate - Paranoia
- Increased respiration (breathing) rate - Heart attack
- Increased digestive processes - Brain stroke
- Increased blood pressure - Brain damage
- Increased body temperature - Kidney damage
- Decreased appetite - Liver damage
- Alert body responses - Coma which leads to death
- Inability to sleep
- Euphoria
- Depression (the “down” that follows the
“up” sensation)
 D. NARCOTICS

Narcotics are known as “painkillers”. They also induce sleepiness. Narcotics are
administered to patients with mental problems. They are also given to cancer
patients to relieve severe pain. Narcotic drugs include cocaine, heroin and
marijuana.

Short-Term Effects of Narcotics Long-Term Effects of Narcotics

- Drowsiness - Development of diseases like
- Euphoria hepatitis, tetanus and HIV-AIDS due to
- Loss of appetite needle sharing
- Vomiting - Overdose leading to coma and death
- Nausea
- Muscle cramps and pain
- Chills and shaking
- Weight loss
- Difficulty in sleeping
- Difficulty in breathing
- Inflammation of the veins
- Panic attacks

E. HALLUCINOGENS

Hallucinogens create hallucinations. Hallucinations distort what is real.

Everything the person sees, hears and feels are the opposite of reality. Lysergic acid
diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin and mescaline are some of the common
hallucinogens.

Short-Term Effects of Hallucinogens Long-Term Effects of Hallucinogens

- Euphoria - Flashback ( effects of the drug comes
- Hallucinations ( seeing things which are back after a long time of not using it )
not really there ) - Increased blood pressure
- Poor judgment of time and distance - Brain Damage
-Inability to sleep - Psychosis ( a mental disorder in
- Loss of appetite which lasts up to 10 which reality is distorted or twisted )
hours - Coma and death
- Nausea
-Poor body coordination
-Feeling of super strength
-Increased blood pressure and heart rate
-Aggressive behaviour
-Memory loss
-Slurred speech

F. INHALANTS

Inhalants are found in common household chemical products. Inhalants are huffed or
sniffed. The effects of inhalants are similar to the effects of alcohol intoxication.

Short-Term Effects of Inhalants Long-Term Effects of Inhalants

- Slurred Speech - Loss of hearing
- Poor coordination - Uncontrolled muscle spasms
- Euphoria - Brain damage
- Dizziness and Nausea - Nerve damage
- Feeling of light headedness - Bone marrow damage
-Foul breath
-Hallucinations
-Delusions

Effects of Drug Use

Aside from oneself, during use and abuse also affects the immediate family, school
and community where the drug user lives. Below are some of the effects of drug use
and abuse on the family, school and community.
A. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the Family
 Broken and unhappy family ties
 Ignored duties and responsibilities
 Financial constraint due to drug dependence and addiction.
 High cost of drug treatment and rehabilitation
 Family dishonour and embarrassment
 Separation of family members.
 B. Effects of Drug Use and abuse on the School
 Poor academic performance
 Increased rate of absenteeism and tardiness
 Increased incidence of school fights
 Low academic achievement rate
 Incidence of disrespect to school authorities

C. Effects of Drug Use and Abuse on the Community

 High incidence of crime which includes stealing, robbery and
snatching.
 High incidence of accidents, e.g. road accident, accidental falling,
etc.
 Affected economy due to low manpower production.
 Loss of government funds due to drug-related operations, treatment
and rehabilitation

ACT I VI T IES

Activity 1: Dear Diary

Write yourself a letter. Tell about the dangerous short-term and long term
effects of drugs to oneself, family, school, community and the nation as a whole.
Submit it in printed form.

Activity 2: Differentiated Activities

Choose a role from the following diagram and do the task indicated.

… a poem writer” … a composer”

As a poem writer, here’s your task: As a composer, here’s your task:
Write a poem about drug use and abuse Compose an Anti-
and the effects of drugs abuse. The Drug Campaign song. The song must be
poem must have a minimum of 20 lines. at least three stanza.

“I want
to be...
… a writer” … an artist”
As a writer, here’s your task: As an artist , here’s your task:
Write an article about substance abuse. Make a poster about the effects of drugs
All information must be fact-based. in a developing teenage body and
illustrations of resistance skills:
 WR A P UP
Dear Mayor / Brgy. Chairman
Make a recommendation letter to Mayor or your Brgy. Chairman about the dangers
brought by drug abuse in the community. Sight possible evidences of drug abuse likr
the presence of “hamog boys”, “rugby boys”, etc.

VALUI NG

Write a reflection on the things you learned in this lesson and their relevance to you.
Tell how you can apply what you learned in your daily life and cite specific instances
in which you feel these learnings will come handy.

_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

POST T EST

Multiple Choice: Read the statements carefully and choose the best answer
by shading the circles.

1. Drugs that slow down the process of the nervous 1. A B C D

system. These substances are also used as O O O O
painkillers.
a. Depressants
b. Hallucinogens
c. Inhalants
d. Narcotics
2. It is a substance made from coca leaves. 2. A B C D
O O O O
a. Amphetamines
b. Cocaine
c. Crack
d. Methamphetamine
3. Group of drugs that speed up the processes in the 3. A B C D
central nervous system. O O O O
a. Depressants
b. Hallucinogens
c. Narcotics
d. Stimulants
4. Substances often abused to alter the mood 4. A B C D
and behavior of a person. O O O O
a. Depressants
b. Hallucinogens
c. Inhalants
d. Narcotics
5. Drugs that cause hallucinations. 5. A B C D
O O O O
a. Depressants
b. Hallucinogens
c. Inhalants
d. Narcotics
 K EY T O CORR ECT I ON

B 5.
C 4.
D 3.
B 2.
D 1..
POST –T EST
BLUFF 5.
FACT 4.
BLUFF 3.
FACT 2.
FACT 1..
RECAP
C 5.
E 4.
D 3.
A 2.
B 1..
PRE–T EST

R E F E R E N CE S
Doria, Jose P., et. al. Physical Education and Health Grade 9 Learner's Material.
Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc., First Edition 2014, Reprint 2016, 2017

Samera, Pamela Rose S., et al. Living with MAPEH Music, Arts, Physical Education,
and Health Textbook for Grade 9. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc., 2017

https://sites.google.com/site/mapeh9nvxvis/home/third-quarter/health/lesson-
4-myths-misconceptions-signs-and-symptoms-of-drug-abuse
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

EDISON P. CLET
Illustrator

ELINETTE B. DELA CRUZ

Project Development Officer II (LRMDS)
Lay-out Artist

LIONEL GONZALEZ
Video/PowerPoint Presenter

ARIEL CALIMAG
Video/ PowerPoint Editor

ARLYN REYES and ANABEL MIRANDA

Video/ PowerPoint Reviewer

ANTHONY A. QUINALAYO
School Subject Coordinator

LAZARO P. TORRES JR.

School Head

NAME
Public Schools District Supervisor
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division Office of Pasig City

Caruncho Avenue, San Nicolas, Pasig City

Contact No.: (632) 8641-8885

Email Address: divisionofpasig@gmail.com