chapter 13 RNA test NAME Abdullah Alabdullah CLASS 9A DATE

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

__B__ 1. Which of the following best describes the what happens during gene expression?
a. A gene is copied many times so that all of a cell’s daughter cells will have their own copy.
b. A cell reads the instructions in DNA and builds a protein based on those instructions.
c. A single gene leaves the nucleus of a cell and travels through the cytoplasm to the
membrane.
d. The nucleus of a cell builds cellular proteins based on the sequence of the mRNA code.

__D__ 2. During eukaryotic transcription, an RNA molecule is formed that is

a. complementary to both strands of DNA.
b. identical to an entire single strand of DNA.
c. double-stranded and inside the nucleus.
d. complementary to part of one strand of DNA .

__A__ 3. Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell?
a. mRNA
b. RNA polymerase
c. tRNA
d. rRNA

__C__ 4. What is produced during transcription?

a. proteins
b. RNA polymerase
c. RNA molecules
d. DNA molecules

__B__ 5. There are 64 codons and 20 amino acids. Which of the following is true?
a. Each codon specifies a different amino acid.
b. Several different codons can specify the same amino acid.
c. Some amino acids have no link to a codon.
d. Each amino acid is specified by only one codon.

__A__ 6. Specialized cells regulate the expression of genes because they

a. do not need the proteins that are specified by certain genes.
b. do not carry the complete genetic code in their nuclei.
c. do not want the genes to become worn out.
d. cannot control the translation of proteins.

__C__ 7. A mutation that involves one or a few nucleotides is called

a. a mutagen.
b. a translocation.
c. a point mutation.
d. an inversion.

__B__ 8. Genes contain instructions for assembling

a. nucleosomes.
 b. proteins.
c. mutagens.
d. operons.

__C__ 9. A lac repressor turns OFF the expression of the lac genes by
a. DNA polymerase.
b. binding to the promoter.
c. binding to the operator.
d. binding to the lac genes.

Figure 13–3

__A__ 10. In Figure 13–3, which amino acid is specified by the mRNA code CCC?
a. Ala
b. Gly
c. Lys
d. Pro

__A__ 11. According to Figure 13–3, which code specifies the same amino acid as UAU?
a. UAC
b. UGU
c. UAA
d. UGC
 Figure 13–2

__C__ 12. What does Figure 13–2 show?

a. exons
b. anticodons
c. the genetic code
d. introns

__C__ 13. RNA contains the sugar

a. glucose.
b. deoxyribose.
c. ribose.
d. lactose.

__D__ 14. Which of the following statements is true of eukaryotic DNA?

a. A promoter is part of an intron.
b. Exons are edited out of pre-mRNA.
c. An intron is part of a promoter.
d. Introns are sequences of DNA.

__D__ 15. Most mutations

a. are fatal to an organism.
b. are helpful to an organism.
 c. are harmful to an organism.
d. have no effect on an organism.

__A__ 16. What is an exception to the central dogma of molecular biology?

a. Viruses sometimes transfer information from RNA to DNA.
b. Viruses sometimes transfer information from proteins to DNA.
c. Viruses can translate without RNA.
d. Viruses sometimes transfer information from DNA to RNA.

__C__ 17. A protein is being assembled when

a. DNA is being translated.
b. DNA is being transcribed.
c. RNA is being translated.
d. RNA is being transcribed.

__A__ 18. Which molecules are involved in protein synthesis?

a. messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
b. ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and mutagens
c. transfer RNA, introns, and mutagens
d. messenger RNA, introns, and ribosomal RNA

__C__ 19. During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the
a. anticodon on the rRNA and the codon on the mRNA.
b. codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the rRNA.
c. codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA.
d. anticodon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA.

__D__ 20. When a chromosome undergoes a deletion mutation, information is

a. reversed.
b. transferred.
c. repeated.
d. lost.

__C__ 21. Which of the following is a chromosomal mutation?

a. substitution
b. insertion
c. inversion
d. point mutation

__B__ 22. Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?
a. protein to DNA to RNA
b. DNA to RNA to protein
c. RNA to DNA to protein
d. RNA to protein to DNA

__B__ 23. When E. coli is grown on glucose, and there is no lactose available
a. the lac genes are transcribed into messenger RNA.
b. the lac repressor binds to the operator of the lac operon.
c. lactose molecules bind to the lac repressor.
d. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter of the lac operon.

__C__ 24. In eukaryotes

 a. Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm, and translation takes place in the nucleus.
b. Transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm.
c. Transcription takes place in the nucleus, and translation takes place in the cytoplasm.
d. Transcription and translation both take place in the nucleus.

__B__ 25. Which is involved with the regulation of eukaryotic genes?

a. DNA polymerase
b. TATA box
c. operator
d. operon

__D__ 26. In a multicellular organism, nerve cells are different from muscle cells because
a. random events within each cell regulate the expression of genes and result in different
genes being expressed in different cells.
b. cells gain and lose different genes during embryonic development, so each cell in an adult
only has some genes from the original set.
c. each type of cell within a multicellular organism contains a different set of genes.
d. each cell type has a unique set of transcription factors and repressors, so it expresses a
specific set of genes.

__A__ 27. Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
a. phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
b. phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
c. deoxyribose, phosphate groups, and guanine
d. ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine

__D__ 28. Which of the following terms is LEAST closely related to the others?
a. polypeptide
b. tRNA
c. anticodon
d. spindle fiber

__D__ 29. Unlike DNA, RNA contains

a. adenine.
b. thymine.
c. phosphate groups.
d. uracil.

__C__ 30. From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?

a. proteins
b. rRNA
c. DNA
d. tRNA

__A__ 31. How many nucleotides are needed to specify three amino acids?
a. 9
b. 12
c. 3
d. 6

__C__ 32. One difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation is that
a. A chromosomal mutation is more likely to be passed on to offspring or daughter cells.
 b. A gene mutation can involve a insertion or deletion, but cannot result in a frameshift.
c. A chromosomal mutation can change the number of chromosomes in a cell.
d. A gene mutation affects the DNA of more genes than a chromosomal mutation.

__A__ 33. What are some characteristics of polyploidy plants?

a. They tend to be bigger and stronger than diploid plants.
b. They tend to be weaker and smaller than diploid plants.
c. They tend to be weaker, but bigger than diploid plants.
d. They tend to be smaller, but stronger than diploid plants.

__B__ 34. Which of the following is involved in regulating gene expression in prokaryotes, but not in eukaryotes?
a. promoter sequences
b. operon
c. enhancer sequences
d. TATA box

__B__ 35. What regulates the expression of most eukaryotic genes?

a. dicer enzymes
b. transcription factors
c. miRNA
d. silencing complexes

__D__ 36. What happens during translation?

a. Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code.
b. Copies of DNA molecules are made.
c. Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code.
d. The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make proteins.

Figure 13–1

__C__ 37. Which nucleotide in Figure 13–1 indicates the nucleic acid above is RNA?
a. guanine
b. cytosine
c. uracil
d. adenine

__D__ 38. Hox genes determine an animal’s

a. skin color.
b. eye color.
c. size.
d. body plan.

__C__ 39. Which of the following statements is true about gene regulation in prokaryotes?
 a. RNA polymerase regulates gene expression.
b. Promoters determine whether a gene is expressed.
c. DNA-binding proteins determine whether a gene is expressed.
d. Expressed genes make more DNA.

Figure 13–4

__B__ 40. The basic body structure of the fly in Figure 13–4 is determined by a cluster of
a. frameshift mutations.
b. Hox genes.
c. polypeptides.
d. repressor genes.