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The Process of Modeling Then Solving A Real Life Problem.: Example: Transportation, Allocation, Management

The document discusses modeling and solving real-world problems using operations research techniques. It provides the example of using linear programming to solve transportation and allocation problems by formulating an objective function and constraints as linear equations and inequalities. The optimal solution obtained minimizes or maximizes the objective function while satisfying all constraints.

Uploaded by

Ali Mzayhem
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© © All Rights Reserved
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85 views9 pages

The Process of Modeling Then Solving A Real Life Problem.: Example: Transportation, Allocation, Management

The document discusses modeling and solving real-world problems using operations research techniques. It provides the example of using linear programming to solve transportation and allocation problems by formulating an objective function and constraints as linear equations and inequalities. The optimal solution obtained minimizes or maximizes the objective function while satisfying all constraints.

Uploaded by

Ali Mzayhem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The process of modeling then solving a real life problem.

Example: transportation, allocation, management.

The solution provided is optimal.

Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


f(x)

Global optimum
Local optimum
Local optimum

x Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


Formulation of problem
Objective function
Example: minimize the total travel time between origin-destination

Decision Variables
Example: vehicles, roads

Constraints
Example: capacity, velocity

Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


Photo by Denys Nevozhai on Unsplash.
https://towardsdatascience.com/what-is-operations-research-1541fb6f4963
Linear pogramming
A technique used to solve linear problems.

The objective function is expressed by a linear function.

The constraints are expressed by linear inequalities.

Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


Linear function
A function f ( x1 , x2 ,..., xm ) is linear if for some (c1 , c2 ,..., cm )

f ( x1 , x2 ,..., xm )  c1 x1  c2 x2  ...  cm xm

Example

Linear function: f ( x, y )  x  2 y

Non-linear functions: f ( x, y )  x  2 y 2 , f ( x, y )  2 xy

Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


Linear inequality
For any linear function f ( x1 , x2 ,..., xm ) and any number b

f ( x1 , x2 ,..., xm )  b and f ( x1 , x2 ,..., xm )  b are linear inequalities.

Example

x  2 y  10

2x  y  4

Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


Formulation of a LPP
A Linear Programming Problem can be stated as follows:

Find x1 , x2 ,..., xm so that:

The objective function c1 x1  c2 x2  ...  cm xm is maximal

subject to
a 1,1x1  a 1,2 x 2  ...  a 1, j x j  . . . a 1,m x m  b1
.
.

a i,1x1  a i,2 x 2  ...  a i, j x j  . . . a i, m x m  b i


.
.

a n,1x1  a n,2 x 2  ...  a n, j x j  . . . a n,m x m  b n

Where ai , j , bi , c j are constants and x j are variables. Dr. Houssein Alaeddine


Example
Maximize 2 x1  x2

s.t.
2x1  x 2  8
x1 - 3x 2  2

Dr. Houssein Alaeddine

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