Answers | Investigation 2

Applications
1. a. Plan 1: y = x + 5; Plan 2: y = 1.5x + 2.5 17. a. x + y = 119; x - y = 25. Adding the
left sides of the equations and then
b. Intersection point (5, 10) is an exact
the right sides makes the equation
solution to the system of equations.
2x = 144. The first number x, is 72.
c. x + 5 = 1.5x + 2.5 leads to x = 5; Solving for y, 72 + y = 119, so y = 47.
(5) + 5 = 10 or 1.5(5) + 2.5 = 10 leads
b. x + y = 71; x - y = 37. x = 54, y = 17.
to y = 10.
c. x + y = 32; x - y = 60. x = 46, y = - 14.
d. Plan 1 is a better deal for more than
5 cards purchased. d. x + y = 180; x - y = 45. x = 112.5,
y = 67.5.
2. The change in plans leads to:
e. Adding the left side of the equations
a. Plan 1: y = x + 4.5; Plan 2: y = x + 3.5
results in 2x, so adding the values for
b. There is no intersection point since the sum and difference of the pair of
the lines are parallel with different numbers is twice the first number. To
intercepts. find the second number, substitute this
value into either equation and solve.
c. x + 4.5 = x + 3.5 leads to 1 = 0.
18. a. s + / = 29; 0.35s + 0.50/ = 13.45
d. Plan 2 is always a better deal.
b. Solve the first equation for s, s = 29 - /,
3. (x, y) = ( - 3, - 14)
and then substitute into the second
4. (x, y) = (7, 28) equation:
5. (x, y) = ( - 2, - 5) 0.35(29 - /) + 0.50/ = 13.45
6. No solution since - x + 16 = - x + 8 leads 10.15 - 0.35/ + 0.50/ = 13.45
to 16 = - 8, which is a contradiction.
10.15 + 0.15/ = 13.45
7. (x, y) = (10, 164)
- 10.15 - 10.15
(
8. (x, y) = 29 248
6, - 3 ) 0.15/ = 3.30

9. y = - 2 c. / = 22
3x - 2
10. y = 7 4 d. s = 7
9x - 9
11. y = -2x - 3 Note: For Exercises 19–22, students may
represent the situations using shapes similar to
12. y = 1
4x Question A of Problem 2.2, or symbolically, as in
13. y = x + 1 Questions C and D of Problem 2.2.

14. y = -5x + 3 19. a. 3j + 2d = 18; 1j + 2d = 9

15. a. p + f = 50; p + 6f = 115 b. Students could solve both equations

for 2d: 2d = 18 - 3j and 2d = 9 - 1j.
b. Students might solve both equations Then 18 - 3j = 9 - 1j, which is
for p, p = 50 - f and p = 115 - 6f, then equivalent to 9 = 2j, so j = +4.50
set both equations equal to each other and d = +2.25.
and solve 50 - f = 115 - 6f. f = 13,
p = 37. 20. a. 4s + 4c = 24; 8s + 4c = 43

16. a. m + c = 100; 2m + 4c = 268 b. Subtracting the first equation from the

second equation results in the equation
b. Students might solve both equations 4s = 19. s = +4.75, c = +1.25.
for m: m = 100 - c; m = 134 - 2c.
m = 66, c = 34.

It’s In the System 1 Investigation 2

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 Answers | Investigation 2

21. a. 3z + 5t = 15; 5z + 3t = 21
23. (x, y) = 143,1 ( )
b. One method is to multiply the first
equation by 5 and the second equation 24. (x, y) = 2, - 1(9 )
by 3, and then subtract. 25. (x, y) = ( - 3, - 2)
15z + 25t = 75 26. (x, y) = ( - 4, 2)
-15z - 9t = -63
27. (x, y) = ( - 1.5, - 3)
16t = 12
t = +.75, z = +3.75
28. (x, y) = 8, 2 3( )
29. (x, y) = (7, - 2)
22. a. 6p + 2j = 39; 2p + 4j = 18.
30. (x, y) = (9, - 6)
b. One strategy is to use a pictorial
31. (x, y) = (3, 8)
representation of each object.
32. a. 2m + 2d = 26, 2m - 2d = - 18;
p p p m = 2, d = 11, or February 11.
2× p p + j j = ($39) × 2 b. 2m + d = 26, 10m - d = 10;
m = 3, d = 20, or March 20.
p
c. 3m + 2d = 62, 2m - d = 4;
m = 10, d = 16, or October 16.
j j
p p + = $18
d. 4m + d = 42, m + 4d = 33;
j j m = 9, d = 6, or September 6.

p p p p p
j j
p p p p + = $78
j j
p p p

j j
− p p + = −$18
j j

p p p p
p p p
= $60
p p
p
p = $6

j = $1.50

p = +6.00, j = +1.50

It’s In the System 2 Investigation 2

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 Answers | Investigation 2

Connections
33. x = 4 b. Two circles might intersect in 0, 1, 2,
or infinitely many points (if they are
34. x = - 4
identical).
35. x = - 11
0 points 1 point
36. x = 5
37. x = 3
38. x = - 4
2 points Infinitely many
39. a. y = - 13 points
b. y = - 8
c. y = - 6.5
d. y = 0 c. A circle and a triangle might intersect in
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 points.
e. y = - 7
0 points 1 point 2 points
f. y = - 1.5
40. y = - 4x + 3
41. y = 2
3x + 2
3 points 4 points 5 points 6 points
42. y = - 3
1x + 2
43. y = - 3
4 x + 74
3

44. slope = - 32 ; y-intercept = (0, 2),

or simply 2. d. A circle and a rectangle might intersect
in 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 points.
45. slope = 1
2 ; y-intercept = (0, - 1.5),
or simply - 1.5. 0 points 1 point 2 points 3 points

46. slope = 1; y-intercept = (0, - 7),

or simply - 7.
47. slope = 4; y-intercept = (0, - 8),
or simply - 8.
4 points 5 points 6 points 7 points 8 points
48. slope = 2; y-intercept = (0, 3), or simply 3.
49. slope = 0; y-intercept = (0, 9), or simply 9.
50. a. A line and a circle might intersect in 51. a. 10 chords
0, 1, or 2 points, as shown in these
b. 5 points
drawings:
0 points 1 point 2 points c. 16 regions
52. C

It’s In the System 3 Investigation 2

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 Answers | Investigation 2

53. a. One cover will look like this: 66. Exponential; the equation is y = 3 x .
2πx ft 67. Linear; the equation is y = 3x - 1.
68. Inverse variation; the product of each pair
2 ft of x- and y-values is 12. The equation is
xy = 12, or, equivalently, y = 12 12
x or x = y .
69. Students should recognize that the
x ft solution of the two linear equations is the
intersection of the two graphs. Students
may graph the four equations to find the
intersections. They might also write the
b. Area is given by px 2 + 4px and by equations and solve them symbolically,
px(x + 4); volume by 2px 2 . Line a: y = -4x - 6, Line b: y = 2x,
54. J Line c: y = -x + 3, Line d: y = 12x + 3.
Another strategy is simply by inspecting
55. D the tables to see if there is a common set
56. Red Line: y = x + 3 of points (e.g., the solutions can be found
Blue Line: y = 2x + 2 in the tables for lines a and b, and a and c)
x = 1, y = 4 a. (x, y) = ( - 1, - 2)
57. Red Line: y = - 3x - 3 b. (x, y) = ( - 3, 6)
Blue Line: y = 4x + 4
x = - 1, y = 0 c. (x, y) = ( - 2, 2)

58. Red Line: y = 1

2x + 2
d. (x, y) = (1, 2)
Blue Line: y = 2x - 4 e. (x, y) = (2, 4)
x = 4, y = 4
f. (x, y) = (0, 3)
59. Red Line: y = 3
70. x = 3
Blue Line: x = 5
x = 5, y = 3 71. x = - 1
2
60. The solution for the system of equations is 72. x = 3 or x = 4
the intersection point on the two graphs.
73. x = - 6 or x = 1
61. Answers will vary. One way to check is to
74. a. Graph 2
graph both equations and verify that their
intersection point corresponds to the point b. Graph 1
given. Example solution: y = x - 1,
c. Graph 4
y = - x + 5.
d. Graph 3
62. Any two equations of the form y = kx, such
as y = 2x and y = - 1
2x.
e. Graph 6

63. Answers will vary. Sample: 2x + 2y = - 12, f. Graph 5

x - 2y = 0.
64. Answers will vary. Sample: x - 2y = 0,
x + 2y = 1.
65. Quadratic; the second differences are a
constant 2. The equation is y = x(x - 4).

It’s In the System 4 Investigation 2

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 Answers | Investigation 2

Extensions
75. a. Antonia: y = 5.5x; Marissa: c. 3; for example, y = x(x + 1)(x - 1) =
y = 20 + 0.5x x 3 - x has three x-intercepts x = 0, - 1,
1; which means that it intersects
b. Marissa’s rate is a better deal for the
the line y = 0 (i.e. the x-axis) three
customer when x 7 4 hours.
different places.
c. They have the same charge for
d. 2; for example, the inverse variation
x = 4 hours.
function y = 1x intersects the line
76. Let R = Raj’s age, s = Sarah’s age, and
T = Toni’s age.
y = - x + 2.5 at the points: 12, 2( )
( )
and 2, 12 .
a. R = 2s - 1
e. All might not have an intersection
b. T = 3s - 2 except part (c). A cubic function and
a linear function defined over all real
c. s + (2s - 1) + (3s - 2) = 21 when s = 4,
numbers will eventually intersect.
R = 7, and T = 10
Examples of nonintersecting pairs:
77. Let m = the number of candy bars Melissa
In part (a), quadratic y = x 2 ,
sells and t = the number of candy bars
linear y = x - 2.
Trevor sells.
In part (b), quadratic y = x 2 ,
m + t = 49
a. b quadratic y = - x 2 - 1.
5t + 1 = t
In part (d), inverse variation y = 1x ,
b. Trevor sold 41 and Melissa sold 8. linear y = 0.
78. a. This system has no solution because 81. Answers will vary. We suggest some
following any of the developed solution strategies that can be used to generate
strategies leads one to an impossible the answers.
result, (0 = 3).
a. Start with x = 3 and y = 7. Then
b. This system has infinitely many get something like x + y = 10 and
solutions because the two equations x - y = - 4, for example. You could also
are equivalent. use 2x + 3y = 27, etc.
c. This system has no solution. (This is b. Same strategies will work as in part (a).
the same as part (a).)
c. Write one equation ax + by = c and
d. This system has infinitely many then another ax + by = c + 1, for
solutions. (This is the same as part (b).) example. Just make sure slopes of
lines are the same but intercepts are
79. The system has two solutions ( - 3, - 4) and
different.
(3, 4). This solution is suggested by the
graph. A more algebraic approach could 82. a. No; the top two equations are exactly
the same while the bottom two
involve substituting 4
3x for y in the second equations, when put into y = mx + b
equation and solving it for x. form, are the same. Hence, the
80. a. 2; for example, y = x 2 and y = x have four equations represent only two
the intersections (0, 0) and (1, 1). distinct lines.

b. 2; for example, y = x 2 + 2 and b–c. It does not represent either equation

y= - x2 + 4 have intersections (1, 3) in the system, but it passes through
and ( - 1, 3). the point of intersection and hence
provides the y-coordinate of the
solution pair.

It’s In the System 5 Investigation 2

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 Answers | Investigation 2

d. The resulting equation will be

linear since ax + by = c and
dx + ey = f together imply that
(a + d)x + (b + e)y = c + f.
The resulting equation will pass through
the intersection of ax + by = c and
dx + ey = f if such an intersection
exists. If they are parallel, then the new
equation will also be parallel.
83. a. Adding these two equations eliminates
the z variable from the equation.
b. Yes, if he adds the middle equation
to the bottom equation, the y and z
variables will be eliminated from the
equation.
c. The two resulting equations are
3x - 3y = - 1 and - 3x = - 1. Then
x=1 2
3 , y = 3 , z = - 2.
84. a. 6 wafers in one serving of regular
Sweetie Pies; 4 wafers in one serving of
double-stuffed Sweetie Pies.
b. i. 6w + 3f = 160
ii. 4w + 4f = 140
c. Each wafer has 181 3 Calories and each
layer of stuffing has 162
3 Calories.

It’s In the System 6 Investigation 2

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