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River Assignment

1. According to the Liu, Simons-Richardson, and Van Rijn methods, the document predicts ripples will form based on the given channel parameters. Ripple dimensions are expected to range from 0.0075-0.03m in height and 0.075-0.15m in wavelength. 2. Given new channel parameters, mega ripples and dunes are predicted to form, with ripple heights around 0.08m, wavelengths around 1.5m, dune heights around 0.35m, and wavelengths around 21.9m. The effective bed roughness is calculated as 0.15m. 3. Using the Engelund-Hansen, White

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1K views5 pages

River Assignment

1. According to the Liu, Simons-Richardson, and Van Rijn methods, the document predicts ripples will form based on the given channel parameters. Ripple dimensions are expected to range from 0.0075-0.03m in height and 0.075-0.15m in wavelength. 2. Given new channel parameters, mega ripples and dunes are predicted to form, with ripple heights around 0.08m, wavelengths around 1.5m, dune heights around 0.35m, and wavelengths around 21.9m. The effective bed roughness is calculated as 0.15m. 3. Using the Engelund-Hansen, White

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1-A wide open channel has a water depth of h = 2 m, mean current velocity ū = 0.

6m/s the
Chezy-coefficient is C = 63 m1/2/s. The bed material characteristics are d50 =150μm, d90 =
300μm. Other data are: p = 1000 kg/m3, p, = 2650 kg/m3, v = 1*10-6 m2/s. What type of bed
forms can be expected according to the methods of Liu, Simons-Richardson and Van Rijn?
What are the dimensions of the ripples?

Liu method
ū = C√ (hI)
I = ū2/C2*h
= 0.62/632*2
= 4.5*10-5
u*,c = √(ghI)
=√(9.81*2*4.5*10-5)
= 0.03m/s
ws = (s-1)gd2/18v
= (2.65-1)*9.81*(150*10-6)2/(18*1*10-6)
=0.020
u*,c/ws = 0.03/0.02
= 1.5
u*,c*d50/v = 0.03*150*10-6/1*10-6
= 4.5
BF type = F(u*,c/ws , u*,c*d50/v)
= F(1.5,4.5) Ripples

Simons-Richardson method
τb,c = ρghI
= 1000*9.81*2*4.5*10-5
= 0.883
τb,c * ū = 0.883*0.6
=0.53
d50 = 150μm = 0.15mm
BF type = F(τb,c * ū,d50)
= F(0.53,0.15)
Ripples
Van Rijn method
Ċ = 18log (12h/3d90)
=18*log (12*2/(3*300*10-6)
= 79.67m1/2/s
τ-b,c = ρg(ū/ Ċ)2
= 1000*9.81*(0.6/79.67)2
= 0.56
τb,cr =0.17 N/m2 (from shield’s curve)
-
T = (τ b,c - τb,cr)/τb,cr
= (0.56-0.17)/0.17
= 2.3
D* = d50((s-1)g/v2)1/3
= 150*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
= 3.8
BF type = F(T, D*)
= F(2.3,3.8)
Mini ripples

Ripple dimensions
Δr = 50 to 200d50
= 0.0075 to 0.03m
λr = 500 to 1000d50
= 0.075 to 0.15m
2-A wide channel has a water depth h = 3 m. The depth-averaged flow velocity is
ū =1m/s. The bed material characteristics are d50 = 300 μm, d90 = 500 μm. The fluid density is
ρ = 1000 kg/m3, the sediment density is ρs = 2650 kg/m3. The kinematic viscosity is ν = 1*10-
6 2
m /s.
What types of bed forms are present?
What are the bed form dimensions?
What is the effective bed roughness?
Ċ = 18log (12h/3d90)
=18*log (12*3/(3*500*10-6)
= 78.84m1/2/s
-
τ b,c = ρg(ū/ Ċ)2
= 1000*9.81*(1/78.84)2
= 1.58 N/m2
T = (τ-b,c - τb,cr)/τb,cr
= (1.58-0.18)/0.18
= 7.78
D* = d50 ((s-1)g/v2)1/3
= 300*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
=7.6
BF type = F (T, D*)
= F (7.78, 7.6)
Mega ripples and dunes
The bed form dimensions are
Δr = 0.02h (1-e-0.1T) (10-T)
= 0.02*3(1-e-0.778)(10-7.78)
= 0.08m
λr = 0.5h
= 0.5*3
=1.5m
Δd = 0.11h (d50/h) 0.3(1-e-0.5T) (25-T)
=0.11*3(300*10-6/3)0.3(1-e-3.89) (25-7.78)
= 0.35m
λd = 7.3h
7.3*3 = 21.9m
Ks,c = K’s,c + K’’s,r +K’’s,d
=3d90 + 20γr Δr(Δr/ λr) +1.1γd Δd(1-e-25 Δd/ λd)
=3*500*10-6 + 20*0.7*0.08(0.08/1.5) + 1.1*0.7*0.35(1-e-25*0.35/21.9)
=0.15m

3-A wide channel has a water depth of h = 2 m. The water surface slope is I = 2 *10-4.
The bed material characteristics are d35 = 400μm, d50 = 500 μm, d90 = 1000 μm.
Other parameters are ρ = 1000 kg/m3, ρs= 2650 kg/m3, v = 1 *10-6m2/s.
What is the Chezy- coefficient and the Depth average velocity according the methods of
Engelund-Hansen, White et a1 and Smith-McLean?
Engelund Hansen method
U*,c = √(ghI)
=√ (9.81*2*2*10-4)
= 0.063m/s
Ө = (U*,c)2/(s-1)gd50
= 0.0632/ (1.65-1)9.81*500*10-6
= 0.48
Ө’ = 0.06+0.4 Ө2
= 0.06+0.4*0.482
= 0.15
h’ = (Ө’/ Ө)*h
= (0.15/0.48)*2
= 0.63
C = 2.5g0.5 (h’/h) 0.5 ln (12h’/2.5d50)
= 2.5*9.810.5(0.63/2)0.5ln (12*0.63/2.5*500*10-6)
= 38.49m1/2/s
ū = C (hI) 0.5
= 38.49(2*2*10-4)0.5
=0.77m/s
White et al method
D* = d35 ((s-1) g/v2)1/3
= 400*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
=10.12
n = 1-0.56log (D*)
= 1-0.56log (10.12)
= 0.44
Ycr = 0.23/ (D*) 0.5 + 0.14
= 0.23/ (10.12)0.5 + 0.14
= 0.21
P = (log D*) 1.7
= (log 10.12)1.7
= 1.01
u*,c = ghI
= √ (9.81*2*2*10-4)
= 0.063m/s
Yfg = u*,c/((s-1)gd35)0.5
= 0.063/((2.65-1)9.81*400*10-6)0.5
= 0.78
Ygr - Ycr/ ( Yfg - Ycr) = 1-0.76(1-e-p)
Ygr – 0.21/ (0.78 – 0.21) = 1-0.76(1-e-1.01)
Ygr = 0.505
Compute ū from
n
Ygr = [(u*,c) n / ((s-1)gd35)0.5 ] [ū /5.66log(10h/d35 )]1-
0.505 = [(0.063) / ((2.65-1)9.81*400*10 ) ] [ū /5.66log (10*2/400*10-6)] 1-0.44
0.44 -6 0.5

ū = 0.79m/s
C = g0.5 ū / u*,c
= 9.810.5 *0.77 / 0.063
= 39.3m1/2/s

Smith Mc Lean method


2
Ө = u*,c /((s-1)gd50)
Ө = 0.0632/((2.65-1)9.81*500*10-6)
=0.49
Өcr = τb,cr / ((ρs – ρ)gd50)
τb,cr = 0.28 (from shields curve)
Өcr = 0.28 / ((2650 – 1000)9.81*500*10-6)
= 0.035
Ks,c = d50 (1+700(Ө - Өcr)
= 500*10-6(1+700(0.49 – 0.035)
=0.16m
C = 18 log (12h /Ks,c)
= 18 log (12*2 /0.16)
= 39.2m1/2/s
ū = C (hI) 0.5
=39.2(2*2*10-4)0.5
= 0.78m/s
ARBAMINCH UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF GRATUATE STUDIES

DEPARTMENT OF IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

Sediment transport and river engineering (IE 614)

ASSIGNMENT TWO

GEBREMESKEL TEKLAY………………….ID NO RMSc./044/02

Dec, 2009

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