AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH PANELS

Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

Types of Operation

UTILITY TO GENERATOR

Transfer switches are traditionally applied between a utility and a generator sets for emergency and standby systems.
There are timers set to switch the power supply at fixed delayed time to avoid constant rapid switching which could
damage the ATS or generator components. A UPS can be fitted in between to remove downtime while transfer is taking
place for applications such as telecom towers, or data-centers.

GENERATOR TO GENERATOR

Transfer switches are sometimes applied between two generator sets

for prime power use (often in remote installations). In such
applications, source power is periodically alternated between the
generator sets to equally share run time as a cyclic operation. This
helps to reduce the burden on each set. Each unit can share the
running hours 12 hours each daily.
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

Operation of panel is achieved by setting the simple selector switch that lies on the front of the panel. The selector
switch can be key type for safety purposes or a rotary type. This switch selects which mode the ATS operates in. Below
are the three modes which the ATS can operate under:

A basic small ATS panel with indications and a keyed switch for setting between Manual and Auto.

1- OFF - The state where the ATS circuits are in open form and not allowing any transfer of current internally. This state
is selected by keeping the switch in middle state or off state as labeled. The ATS will not operate while in this state
unless manually changed to the other two positions.

2 - MANUAL - This position will keep the ATS from performing the transfer automatically by itself because the circuit to
communicate the transfer has been made open. So a person is required to manually make the switch every time the
power is cutoff. The contactor-based automatic transfer switches can be manually operated by utilizing a tool supplied
with the switch. Always make sure that the Source 1 power and Source 2 power are off before making the transfer

3 - AUTO - In auto mode the connection between ATS and generator is activated. The state where the ATS is monitoring
th mains power lines. This type of transfer takes place automatically per the programmable settings in the ATS
controller. The ATS controller senses source availability and when the programmed conditions are met, initiates a
command to start the transfer including the generator start command when transferring from a utility to a generator
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]
source. An automatic transfer switch can be configured to perform a utility-to utility transfer or a generator-to generator
transfer (provided the ATS controller has this capability).

While in either manual or auto mode. The ATS has to be supplying the load from either of the two sources. On the inside of the
panel are following components and further on an explanation is given how it all works.

SELECTOR SWITCH – A two state switch that will allow either manual or auto operation or turn off the panel from functioning. It
will give a signal while in Auto Mode to the Generator to Auto Start.

Spark

CONTROL MCBs – Single pole 10 Ampere, Miniature Circuit Breakers for the purpose of controlling incoming signals to the ATS.
There are a total of 8 MCBs.

CB1, 2, 3 – Incoming from Mains Contactor L1, L2, L3 and going to Mains indication Lamps
CB4, 5, 6 – Incoming from Generator Contactor L1, L2, L3 and going to Generator indication Lamps
CB7 – Incoming form Mains line L1 - for supply to Over/Under Voltage Relay / Phase Sequence common terminal.
CB8 – Incoming form Generator line L1 - for supply to Timer Relay common terminal.
Brands will be either LS Metasol - Korea or Schneider - Bulgaria

SIGNAL RELAY (R1) - This relay is Normally Closed. It is receiving a Mains line input to its Common terminal from the Selector
Switch. While the mains line is active this relay is getting its coil supply from Over-Under Voltage relay so relay R1 is switched to NO
state.

 In NO state, it will give supply to first to Gen. Contactor/Breaker NC and then to Mains Contactor /Breaker Coil.
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]
 In NC state, it will give supply to Timer Relay coil. Also, if the selector switch is in Auto mode, Relay R1 will give signal to
Remote Start terminal in the Deep Sea Controller

OVER-UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY - It is receiving a 3 Phase Mains line input from CB1,2,3 and from CB7 + Selector Switch to its
Common terminals. This is a safety relay that monitors the voltage level in the Mains and Phase Sequence. Over and under voltages
will cause this relay to not allow supply to go for R1 Coil.

If the Voltages are in acceptable range then it will supply to R1 Coil to switch R1 to NO state.

Brand is Tense – GK-04F

Made in Turkey
This model doesn’t work if the phase sequence is incorrect which is what we require.

TIMER RELAY - This is the pre-set On-Delay timer for allowing supply to Generator Contactor/Breaker Coil. As long as the Selector
Switch is in Auto Position, the moment R1 switches back to normal state, NC, it will complete the remote start circuit with the Deep
Sea Controller terminal. This will begin the generator start procedure. When the generator has started its L1 input is coming to the
Timer Relay Common terminal and the Timer Relay coil is also being energized by R1 NC supply. The timer will begin its countdown
to supply the Generator contactor.

Brand is Tense – ERV-XX

Made in Turkey

MAINS CONTACTOR /BREAKER

Will either be a Contactor or Motorized MCCB depending on rating or electrical standards. This component is connected to the
Mains L1,L2,L3 and allowing power to flow through to the load connected at output of ATS. This is electrically and mechanically
interlocked as a safety precaution to not allow the simultaneous feeding from both sources to the load. Since the busbar is rated for
certain ampere rating but will be double in this situation it will trip the output breaker and possible burn the busbar.

Brand is LS Metasol Korea - or Schneider Bulgaria -

GEN CONTACTOR /BREAKER

Will either be a Contactor or Motorized MCCB depending on rating or electrical standards. This component is connected to the
Generator output terminals L1,L2,L3 and allowing power to flow through to the load connected at output of ATS. This is also
interlocked with the other

You can see below a more detailed and larger ATS Panel.
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

“Once the CT's stop receiving current supply, a normally closed relay will switch to its normally open terminal
and forward signal to a Timer Relay in the ATS. The Timer Relay will start a countdown that was pre-set by the
technician. Once reached it's time limit its send across its incoming signal to the generator controller/PLC to
start the generator. The genset controller at this time goes through its starting protocol for cranking, the
batteries at this time of the generator must have enough amps to start the cranking motor. That's why a static
battery charger is always a good idea to be fixed internally to ATS. Once the genset controller concludes all
parameters are satisfactory, it will keep the generator running and an OK to Load signal will be returned to the
ATS. This will cause the ATS to begin the load transfer and it will allow this by making the contactor or breaker
with motor to be in ON position for the generator. After successful load transfer, the current supply of the
generator is being used while the ATS still monitors the mains power line. “

iNTERLOCKING

MAKE THIS FLOW CHART IN INKSCAPE

Once the Mains line CT's sense power is back, after a fixed delay the supply from the generators is cut-off and
the ATS switches on the Mains supply contactor or breaker.?
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

ITTS automatic transfer switches are reliable, rugged, versatile, and

compact assemblies for transferring essential loads and electrical
distribution systems from one power source to another. ITTS’s
contactor-based transfer switch is rated 40–1600A and can be
supplied in separate enclosures for stand-alone applications or can
be supplied as an integral component in the following equipment:
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

• MagnumE DS switchgear
• Pow-R-LineE switchboards
• Motor control centers (MCCs)
• Panelboards

For detailed information on the

aforementioned equipment,
please see 15th edition of the
Consulting Application Guide.
Note: For information on transfer switch
panels, refer to
Volume 2—Commercial Distribution, Tab 5,
CA08100003E.
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

OPERATION FLOW CHART

(OPEN TRANSITION)

After detection of Utility Supply being OFF, ATS

transmits signal to Generator to start

Generator will immediately start and

Generator will shut- Generator controller will check if there are any
down while Alarming YES
abnormal values in parameters
abnormality on display

NO

ATS will disconnect Utility circuit breaker and

transfer Load circuit to Generator

Generator will stay in NO

operation while displaying ATS will keep checking if Utility Supply is ON
output

YES

ATS switches load circuit to Utility and signals

Generator to turn OFF
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]
After 10 seconds Generator will stop automatically
after cooling down
Note: The period of switching can
Be varied as per client requirement
From seconds for start/stop to
hours/days for changeover between
generators

SAMPLE LAYOUT DRAWING

 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

SLD DRAWING
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

CONTROL
 Automatic Transfer Switch Data [Rev2 2018]

POWER
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