TROPICAL CYCLONE

TROPICAL CYCLONE
• is a rotating, organized system of clouds and
thunderstorms that originates over the tropical
waves. Tropical cyclone encompasses tropical
depressions, tropical storms, typhoon and
hurricanes.

• The intensity of tropical cyclones vary, thus, we

can classify them based upon their degree of
intensity. 

 CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL
CYCLONE
• TROPICAL DEPRESSION (TD)
- A tropical cyclone with max. sustained winds of up
to 61 kph
• TROPICAL STORM (TS)
-A tropical cyclone with max. speed of 62-88 kph
• SEVERE TROPICAL STOMS (STS)
-A tropicAl cyclone with max. speed of 89-117kph
 CLASSIFICATION OF TROPICAL
CYCLONE
• TYPHOON (TY)
– A tropical cyclone with max. sustained winds of up to
118-220 kph
• SUPER TYPHOON (STY)
- A tropical cyclone with max. sustained winds
of up 22Okph
NOTE: HURRICANE IS USED ONLY IN EASTERN
PACIFIC AND WESTERN ATLANTIC OCEAN.
Every year, an average of 19 tropical cyclones enter
the Philippines Area of Responsibility (PAR), and about
half (9-10) make landfall in the Philippines. In the
Western Pacific Ocean, tropical cyclones can form in
any month of the year.
Teacher
THE TROPICAL CYCLONE
a tropical cyclone can be seen in a satellite image
due to its characteristic spiral circular shape. the
stronger and more intense a tropical cyclone
becomes, the more symmetrical the inner clouds or
rainbands are and a distinctive “eye” at the center of
circulation becomes visible. This means that a
tropical cyclone tends to be more circular and it’s
center will have a cloudless region.
THE WEATHER RADAR
• RAdio Detection And Ranging sends out
electromagnetic waves to thw atmosphere that is
then reflected by hydrometeors (rains, clouds)
present in the sky. An image id created from the
receives signal and information on rain clouds can
be gathered. while radar images give more details
of a storm, it is limited to arange of approx.
400kph from the radar site.
• Once a tropical cyclone enters PAR, a 5-day
forecast track issued by PAGASA every 6 hrs at
5am, 11 am, and 11 pm.
• A forecast track gives the expected location of a
tropical cyclone in the succeeding 24hour interval
for the next 120 hours or 5 days.
 PUBLIC STORM WARNING
SYSTEM
PSWS LEAD TIME WINDS (KPH) IMPACTS OF THE WIND
(HRS)
#1 36 30-60 No damage to very light
damage
#2 24 61-120 Light to moderate damage

#3 18 121-170 Moderate to heavy

damage
#4 12 171-220 Heavy to very heavy
damage
#5 12 More than 220 Very heavt to widespread
 PRECAUTIONARY AND
SAFETY MEASURES FOR
HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL
HAZARDS
TROPICAL CYCLONE
THUNDERSTORM
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
STORM SURGE
TROPICAL CYCLONE
TROPICAL CYCLONE
Tropical cyclones are hydrometeorological
hazards characterized by strong winds and
heavy rain. Tropical cyclones can have a
forecast lead for 5 days.
Philippines is prone to tropical cyclones
because it is located on the western rim of
pacific ocean
 TROPICAL CYCLONE
BEFORE:
1. Coordinate with the local community or barangay on safety
plan during times of severe events
2. Ensure that your house (school) can withstand strong winds
and heavy rains
3. discuss with your family and friends, classmates about the
typhoon and other weather disturbances, understand weather
forecasts and how to minimize risk.
4. Recommend removal or trimming of trees, electric posts, or
any infrastructure that could fall and may cause damage or
injury.
 TROPICAL CYCLONE
BEFORE:
5. Have a survival kit containing batteryoperated radio,
flashlight, emergency cooking equipment, candles, matches and
first aid kit.
6. Participate actively in the school drills on disaster response
 TROPICAL CYCLONE
DURING
1. Regularly monitor official updates of PAGASA or other reliable
sources on the tropical cyclone
2. stay in the sturdy and stable shelter
3. Coordinate with the local community on possible evacuation
measures.
4. Remain calm and take notice of your situation
 TROPICAL CYCLONE
AFTER
1. Attend to injuries if needed
2. Seek medical assistance at ypur nearest clinic or hospital
3. Apply first aid to monitor cuts or wounds
4. Check your immediate vicinity (huse, school, surroundings)
for any damages that can pose a potential hazard to people
around it.
THUNDERSTORM
THUNDERSTORM
are generally local storms produce by
cumulonimbus clouds and are always accompanied
by lightning and thunder, usually with strong wind
gusts, heavy rain and sometimes with hail and/or
turnado. thunderstorms are typically in warm
environments like the tropicsand may persist for 1-2
hours.
THUNDERSTORM
BEFORE:
1. Learn about your area's thunderstorm riskby
looking at past events. these riks differ for different
places and different months
2. Discuss how you would know if a thunderstorm
may produce light, moderate, heavy or current rain
as well as duration.
3. Discuss the rainfall/thunderstorm warning system
of PAGASA
THUNDERSTORM
BEFORE:
4. Recommend trimming and removal of unstable
trees, electric posts, or any infrastructure that could
fall and may cause dmage or injury.
5. Ensure proper drainage in the surrounding by
removing things that may hinder proper drainage
flow.
6. Participate actively in the school drills on disaster
response.
THUNDERSTORM
DURING
1. Stay inddor and remain calm
2. Postpone all outdoor activities
3. Regularly monitor official updates by PAGASA or
other reliable source
4. Be on the lookout for falling debris and
flashfloods
THUNDERSTORM
DURING
If threat of lightning is eminent
1. Turn oo and unplug all electrical and electronic
devices
2. Refrain from using phimes until stom passes over
If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is
eminent
1. Stay low
2. Stay away from structures such as trees,
electrical lines, towerss or fences
THUNDERSTORM
If no immediate shelter and threat of lightning is
eminent
3. Distance of thunderstorm cloud can be estimated
by counting the time interval between seeing
lightning and hearing thunder. (1 second=330m, 3
sec= 1 km)
4. Remain indoord at least 30 mins. after hearing
the last thunder
THUNDERSTORM
AFTER
1. Continue monitoring PAGASA or local radio/
television atations for weather updates
2. Always observe safety measures on if you need
to go outdoors.
3. Stay away from storm-damaged areas
Watch out for fallen tree branches, trunks, electric
lines, etc. and report tem to authorities.
4. Stay away from flood waters
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
FLOOD: is the overflowing of the normal confines of
stream or bodies of water, or the accumulation of
water over areas that are not normally submerged.
FLASH FLOOD: are also caused by heavy
precipitation in a short period of time, usually less
than 6 hours.
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
BEFORE:
1. Learn about your area's flood risk by looking at
past events. these risks differ for different places
and different months
2. know the flood hazard map in your community
3. Learn from previous accurences how frequent,
how high and how fast flood can occur.
4. Take noticeof rapid rising of water and prepare
plans for evacuation.
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
BEFORE:
5. Have a survival kit containing battery-operated
radio, flashlight, emergency cooking equipment,
candles, matches and first aid kit
6. As the ground soak uo more water from
continuous rains, possibility of flooding increases
7. Participate actively in the school drills on disaster
response.
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
DURING
1. unplug all electric and electronic devices
2. listen continuously to official updates on weather
and flooding
3. remain calm and be ready in case evacuation is
necessary
4. do not attempt to cross flowing streams unless
they are assured that the water is below knee level
5. avoid areas prone to flooding
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
DURING
6. Avoid swimming in swollen rivers.
7. make sure you only drink clean water
8. stay away from flood waters as it is possible to
acquire diseases from flood waters
9. uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp
debris under floodwater can be risky and potentially
harmful
FLOOD/FLASH FLOOD
AFTER
1. report broken utility lines to approprriate
agencies/ authorities
2. ensure that electrical appliances are checked by
a competent electrician before switching them on
3. stay away from flood waters as it is possible to
acquire diseases from flood waters
4. uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp
debris under floodwater can be risky and potentially
harmful
STORM SURGE
is the rise and onshore surge of seawater as the
result primarily of the winds of a tropical cyclones,
and secondarily of the surface pressure drop near
the center of the tropical cyclone. The height of
storm surge is depemdent on the siza, intensity and
movement of the tropical cyclone, shape of the
coastline as well as nearshore underwater
topography and astronomical tides.
STORM SURGE
BEFORE:
1. learn about your areas of vulnerability to storm surge
by looking at the past events. if vulnerable, recommend
recolection to safer grounds.
2. stay away from beaches/ shore duriong teropical
cyclone passage
3. identify evacuation routes leading to safe higher
grounds
4. establish evacuation plans and procedures
5. participate actively in the school drills on disaster
STORM SURGE
DURING:
1. Remain calm and be ready in case of evacuation 2.
Stay away from beaches / shore and lowlying areas
3. Head towards inland away from potential flow of
water.
4. Turn off power supply.
5. If caught in a storm surge, you are advised to hold on
large structures like big trees.
6. Regularly monitor official storm surge advisory/
forecastupdates of PAGASA
STORM SURGE
AFTER:
1. Check sturctural damage of your surroundings
and make sure structures are safe from collapsing.
2.Check surroundings for electrical damage.
3. Stay away from flood waters
4. It is possible to contract diseases from flood
water
5. Uneven ground, open drainage and/or sharp
debris under floodwater can be potentially harmful •
Clean all mud and debris