10-05-2021

Design Stage Audit - Important

Road Safety Audit at Design Stage:
Case Studies

Pre construction Design Safety Audit would have eliminated this situation

Road Safety Design Audit Design Safety Audits Stages

Accident • Based on accidents

Reduction that have happened
(Reactive (for example black spot
Works) works)

Accident • Application of
Prevention knowledge (for
(Pro-active example Road Safety
Works) audit)

Design Stage Road Safety Audit

Road Safety Audit at Design Stage?
 Experience has shown that new / up-graded
 Stage 1 Feasibility /Preliminary Design/DPR Stage roads are not always as safe as they should
- Carried out by safety expert of design consultant be.
 This is often because potential safety
problems were overlooked when the road
 Stage 2 Detailed Design Stage
was designed.
- Carried out independent safety auditor

It is much easier to change a design than

have to change the road once it is built.

1
 10-05-2021

Key Players in Road Projects

MoRT&H: “All road capacity augmentation projects
of 5 Km or more are to be compulsorily safety
audited during design stage”
 Project Owner (Government Agency)

Safety audits are undertaken by independent

 Concessionaire/ Contractor
specialists trained in road safety engineering.  Design Consultant/PMC
 Safety Auditor (Safety Consultant)
Team of Key Professionals for Safety Audit
(Minimum Requirements)
- Sr. Road Safety Auditor cum Team Leader - success of road safety audit process
- Traffic Planner/Engineer depends on trust & commitment from all
parties

Road Safety Audit Manual (IRC:SP-88- 2019) What is the purpose of a detailed design RSA ?

 Identify and address any design issue prior to the

construction stage.
 Evaluate whether departures from standards will
significantly impact safety.
 Evaluate the safety of road featur made available to
the audit team
 Determine if the needs of all road users have been
adequately and safely met.
 Review the interaction of the various design elements
with each other and with the surrounding road network.

Information required in a Detailed Design Audit Detailed Design Stage:

Potential Safety Issues
 Drawings showing the horizontal alignment and vertical
profile.
 Action resulting from  Lighting and drainage
 Cross section: number and width of lanes, service roads ,
previous audits  Bridges and culvert
shoulders, drainage, curbs, boulevards, medians,  Road and intersection treatment
sidewalks, clear zone, roadside barriers, significant road design details  Traffic signals and
side structures, and potential roadside hazards.
 Alignment details control
 Signing and pavement  Vulnerable road users
 Pedestrian treatments: kerb ramps, crosswalks
accessibility for persons with disability, accessible markings  Barriers, guardrail, utility
pedestrian paths, pedestrian signals, special pavement  Shoulder treatments, poles, obstructions
surfaces, and fencing. clear zone, roadside Street furniture and
features landscaping
 Other details: driveway accesses, landscaping and traffic Channelization
calming devices, illumination, signs, marking, and
delineation.

2
 10-05-2021

Safety Issues in Highway Design

Issues Often Overlooked in Design
Type of Project: Two Lanning with Paved Shoulders,
Four Lanning, Six Lanning, Green Field Expressway
 Sight distance at Junctions, sharp curves  Typical Cross-Sections
 Provision for vulnerable road users, persons with  Alignment (Horizontal Alignment & Vertical profile)
 Junctions and Grade Separated Interchanges
disability (tactile flooring, wheel chair ramps)
 Service/Slip Roads
 Location of median openings  Road Over Bridges
 Service road entry-exit locations  Median Openings
 Merging/Diverging lanes
Interaction amongst above features
 A new commercial/residential development that would
generate additional traffic Location of Project Facilities
 Toll Plaza
 Road Side Furniture: Signs, Markings, Cat’s eye etc
 Pedestrian Facilities, provisions for Disabled Users
 Bus-bays and Bus Shelters

Road safety auditor, consider safety by ‘How’, ‘why’, ‘when’, ‘where’, ‘what’, etc
asking:
 Can the road design be misunderstood by road
users? Can design cause confusion? Can it
If answer is ‘yes’, to any of the
create ambiguity? questions in the last slide,
 Whether the road design gives insufficient
information or too much information?
 Does it provide inadequate visibility or cause
obstructions to vision?
 Are there stretches where compromise on Then a series of open questions (such as ‘how’,
design standards has been made. ‘why’, ‘when’, ‘where’, ‘what’, etc.) should be
used to find the source of the problem and find
If answer is ‘yes’, to any of the question possible solutions.

NH-1 / KM-86 ( Panipat, Haryana) NH-1 / KM-40+800 ( At Bahalgarh Flyover, Sonipat, Haryana)

3
 10-05-2021

Night Time Audit of Garutha-Chirgaon Section (SH-42)

Safety Issue : Untreated table-top edge could cause severe injuries

to road users particularly at night
Solution : Table-top edges should be provided with paver blocks at
shoulder along with pavement markings, RRPM as per standards.
Chainage : Km 126+600 (Opp. ST. Mary’s School)

Safety Issue: Limited visibility at night due to absence of

reflective studs.
Solution : Provision of retro-reflective studs as per IRC:73-
2018 would enhance safety of road users at night.
Chainage : Km 120+400 (Near Shila village)

Km 478+700(Karla Chowk)

Km 150+000(Near Tahrauli Village)

4
10-05-2021

5
10-05-2021

6
 10-05-2021

Thank You

Open for Discussion