Aptitude Test

Introduction
Intelligence is the capacity to learn and understand the situation that comes through the pace
of performing any activities. It determines how effectively the raised situation is handled
based on the experiences.

IQ is the abbreviation for "Intelligence Quotient" which is measure of intelligence.

Employers uses IQ tests to identify suitable jobs for people within an organization. These
tests can be helpful to both the employer and the candidate in identifying strengths and
weaknesses, and thus help to find the job for which a person is most suited.
Unlike personality test, which are also used by employers in conjunction with IQ test,
aptitude (IQ) tests are marked and may be may have a cutoff point above which pass, fail
and below which assessment is performed again.
The time limit of 90 minutes is allowed for each test. The correct answers are given at the
end of each test. Calculators can be used in solving numerical question if needed.

Aptitudes are natural talents, special abilities for learning and doing certain activity easily
and quickly with provided knowledge and information.
An Aptitude Test is a war for employers to asses a candidate's abilities (Ability of perform
the task and react to any situation at work) through a variety of different testing formats.
This includes the problem solving, prioritization and numerical skills.
The aptitude test is designed to assess the person's capacity of performing any activity to
perform any task and learn or do any provided instruction.
There are mainly three types parts of aptitude test; Numerical Reasoning, Logical Ability
and Verbal Ability.
The other types of Aptitude test are Diagrammatic reasoning, situational judgement, E-Tray
Exercise, Error Checking, Personality Test,Cognitive ability, etc.
Aptitude test assume that the individuals have inherent strengths and weaknesses, success
and failure in specific areas based on their characteristics.
Here Following Attitude test was performed:
1. Verbal Critical Reasoning
2. Numerical Reasoning
3. Mechanical Reasoning
4. Concentration Aptitude Test
5. Abstract Reasoning
6. Spatial Reasoning

Explanation
1. Verbal Critical Reasoning
Verbal Reasoning testing asses the ability to understand and comprehend written
passages. They are designed to measure the verbal comprehension, reasoning and
logical, all through the understanding of language.
The questions in verbal critical reasoning are designed to test the ability of facts
expressed in words and to understand and manipulate the information to solve the
specific problems.
Employers use critical reasoning questions to gain insight into whether you have the
key intellectual skills that are the foundation for success in a managerial position.
Critical reasoning requires to demonstrate the ability to make logical decisions and
even to recognize that insufficient data has bee provided for a definitive answer to be
reached, as would be the case in many real life situations.

2. Numerical Reasoning
Numerical reasoning involves basic principle of arithmetic like addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division. They also use mathematical terms and methods such as
percentages, ratios, fractions and decimals. To score well on the questions you will
simply need to make quick and accurate calculations.
This type of test can be categorized as a speed test and is used to determine your
basic numeracy. The testee can use calculator if required.
The questions ae directly applicable to many administrative and clerical jobs but can
also appear as a component of graduate and managerial tests. The speed at which the
 questions are answered is the critical measure as most people could achieve a very
high score given unlimited time which to answer.

3. Mechanical Reasoning
Mechanical reasoning test measures the knowledge of straightforward mechanical
and physical concepts. They do not measure the underlying mechanical aptitude in
the same was that abstract reasoning questions test without having seen one before
and still get a reasonable score. The same is not true of mechanical reasoning where
the score will depend significantly in the knowledge of levers, pulleys, gears,
springs, simple electrical circuits, tools, shop arithmetic, etc.
If the test were for selection of testee for a crew or apprenticeship of job, then the
questions would be asked about tools and how they are used. The testee are also
provided with home shop arithmetic questions. The questions needs formula to be
solved.

4. Concentration Aptitude Test

Concentration tests are used to select personnel who need to work through items of
information in a systematic way while making very few mistakes. They are most
often used when selecting candidates for administrative and clerical jobs where
mistakes can have serious consequences likes financial services, legal services and
healthcare.
The tests are set with time limit so that it is impossible to complete and also
repetitive to maintain attentiveness.

5. Abstract Reasoning
Abstract Reasoning tests consists of questions, which have little or no application in
the real world. Abstract Reasoning tests date back to the research done by the
psychologist Charles Spearman in the 1920's. Spearman used a statistical technique
called factor analysis to examine relationships between people's scores on different
types of intelligence tests. He concluded that people who don well on some
 intelligence tests also do well on others (Vocabulary, Spatial test, etc.) and perform
poor in other intellectual test if performed poor in this test.
This led him to believe that there are one or more factors that are common to all
intellectual tasks.
Abstract reasoning tests uses diagram, symbols or shapes instead of words r numbers.
They involve identifying the underlying logic of a pattern and the determining the
solution as they are visual questions and are independent of language and
mathematical ability. They are considered an accurate indicator of general
intellectual ability.

6. Spatial Reasoning
Spatial ability is required in technical and design jobs where drawings and plans are
used. It is also important in some branches of science and technology where three-
dimensional components are interacting. Spatial ability questions are not routinely
used in graduate and management level tests unless the job specifically requires good
spatial skills. Some of the questions look similar to abstract reasoning but spatial
ability is concerned with the ability to mentally manipulate the shapes, not to identify
patterns and make logical deductions.
Employers use spatial questions where the job involves drawings, plans or the
manipulation of shapes.

Objectives:
To find out Intelligence using Aptitude Test
General Information of the Subject:

Name Sushila Napit

Age 30
Sex Female
Marital Status Single
Address Kathmandu
Occupation Banker
Academic Qualification Masters in Business Studies
Physical & Mental Health Mentally Sound & physically fit
Date of Test 10th May, 2021
Trichandra Campus, Ghantaghar,Kathmandu
Location

 
Used Test and Materials

i. A consumable booklet of Aptitude Tests (Verbal Critical Reasoning, Numerical

Reasoning, Mechanical Reasoning, Concentration and Spatial Reasoning)
ii. Manual for Aptitude Test
iii. Answer Sheet
iv. Calculator
v. Pen, Pencil and Eraser

Test Description
An aptitude test is an instrument used to determine and measure an individual's ability to
acquire, through future training, some specific set of skills. There are several aptitude tests
in the market and here we have choose Verbal Reasoning, Numerical Ability,
Concentration, Abstract Reasoning, Mechanical Reasoning and Spatial Reasoning. The tests
are performed under exam conditions and are strictly timed and all questions have right or
wrong answer.

The tests can be used to help an individual:

1. Choose among educational and career options based on strengths and weakness.
2. Help an individual understand why do well or poorly in certain subjects.
3. Can suggest new career options not previously considered.
4. Change or raise educational and career aspirations.

However, any specific subject or career cannot be pinpointed based on the tests. Under no
circumstance should the score be interpreted as final indisputable evidence of an individual's
characteristics. The results provide only one small part of the information needed to help
and individual make informed and realistic decisions and cannot be judged in isolation from
other aspects of a person character including job and other experiences, interests, goals,
personality, values, family and environmental influences.

Percentage and Percentile

Percentage is conversion of raw scores to percentages as this give an indication as to how
the candidate performed relative to a total possible score.
A percentile score indicates the percentage of candidates who fall below a particular raw
score. A score, which falls at 65th percentile, means that an individual's score is better than
65% of the students.
Stanine scores is a range of expressed as a series of single digits numbers between 1 and 9,
4 to 6 represents average score. Percentile scores can be used in conjunction with stanine
score as outlined below:
Table I: Stanine and Percentiile Score
Range Stanine Percentile
Very High 9 97 and Above
Above Average 8 90-96
Above Average 7 78-89
Average 6 59-77
Average 5 41-58
Average 4 23-40
Below Average 3 12-22
Below Average 2 5-11
Very Low 1 4 and Below
Test Administration
The teacher among 29 students conducted test in class. The tests contains 6 sets of
questions. Every sets have different number of questions. The time limit for every set
was considered 25 minutes of time.
Table II: No. of Set and No. of Question in Each Set
 Name No. of Question in each Set
S.No.
1 Verbal Critical
8
Reasoning
2 Numerical Reasoning 22
3 Mechanical Reasoning 20
4 Concentration 12
5 Abstract Reasoning 25
6 Spatial Reasoning 45

After preparing necessary equipment’s and atmosphere the subject was given following
instructions:

Instructions:
The test contains 6 sets of questions for verbal critical reasoning, numerical reasoning,
mechanical reasoning, concentration, abstract reasoning and Spatial reasoning with no. of
question 8, 22, 20,12, 25 and 45 respectively.
The time limit for each question is 25 minutes and can use calculator whenever required.
The question has either right or wrong answer. The answer will be provided after the
completion of each individual set.
After given proper instructions, the test was conducted, when the task she was completed
the testee was requested for introspective report and released from with thanks.

Introspective report
"I found test is interesting and exciting the questions were very clear and easy since every
question was different from each other's. I enjoyed performing the test."

Scoring & interpretation.

The scoring for Different sets were recorded and arranged in ascending order. After that, the
percentage, percentile and Stanine Score was calculated along with the Stanine score of each
set.
1. Verbal Critical Reasoning
Score In Ascending Order
 0 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6

2. Numerical Reasoning

Score In Ascending Order

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
7 11 13 14 15 16 18 18 18 19 20
3 3 3 4 4 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 0

3. Mechanical Reasoning
Score In Ascending Order
3 5 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14

4. Concentration
Score In Ascending Order
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
9 10 10 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

5. Abstract Reasoning
Score In Ascending Order
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
8
0 0 1 2 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 1 1 2

6. Spatial Reasoning
Score In Ascending Order
2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
29 31 34 36 39 42
9 9 0 0 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 0 0 1

Interpretation
The subject has scored 4 out of 8 questions in Verbal critical reasoning. She has scored 17
out of 22 questions in Numerical Reasoning. She has scored 8 out of 20 questions in
Mechanical Reasoning. She has scored 11 out of 12 questions in Concentration. She has
scored 10 out of 25 in Abstract Reasoning. She has scored 35 out of 45 in Spatial
Reasoning.

Table III: Calculation of Percentage, Percentile and Stanine Score

 No. of No. of
Question Person
S.No. Name in each Score Percentage Behind the Percentile Stanine Range

Set Score
1 Verbal Critical 8 4 50 6 21 3 Below
Reasoning Average
2 Numerical 22 17 77 12 41 5 Average
Reasoning
3 Mechanical 20 8 40 19 66 6 Average
Reasoning
4 Concentration 12 11 92 19 66 6 Average
5 Abstract 25 10 40 26 90 8 Above
Reasoning Average
6 Spatial 45 35 78 13 45 5 Average
Reasoning
The subject has scored 50% in Verbal Critical Reasoning with percentile of 21, which
means her IQ for Verbal Critical Reasoning is Below Average with Stanine Score 3. She has
scored 77% in Numerical Reasoning with percentile of 41 which means her IQ for
Numerical Reasoning is Average with Stanine Score 5. She has scored 40% in Mechanical
Reasoning with percentile of 66 which means her IQ for Mechanical Reasoning is Average
with Stanine Score 6. She has scored 92% in Concentration with percentile of 66 which
means her IQ for Concentration is Average with Stanine Score 6. She has scored 40% with
percentile of 90 in Abstract Reasoning, which means her IQ for Abstract Reasoning is
Above Average with Stanine Score 8. She scored 78% with percentile of 45 in Spatial
Reasoning, which means her IQ for Spatial Reasoning is Average with Stanine Score 5.

Impression
The range of Stanine in Vertical Critical Reasoning is below average, which means she is
not so good at making managerial decision making with insufficient data provided among
28 other students.
The range of Stanine in Numerical Reasoning is Average, which means she is good at
administrative and clerical jobs among 28 other students.
The range of Stanine in Mechanical Reasoning is Average, which means she can do with
machines if trained properly among 28 other students.
The range of Stanine in Concentration test is Average, which means she is good at financial
services, legal services and healthcare among 28 other students.
The range of Stanine in Abstract Reasoning is Above Average, which means she is good at
perceiving relationships and then work with the co relationships without acquiring the
knowledge of language and mathematics among 28 other students.
The range of Stanine in Spatial Reasoning is Average, which means she is good at
manipulating shapes, drawings and plans among 28 other students.

Conclusion
The subject has average IQ compared to other students in the class and can do well in
administrative, clerical, legal and financial services and Healthcare.

References
 Binet, A.m Simon, T., &Simon, T. (1912). A method of measuing the development of the
intelligence of young children. Chicago medical book company. 

 Cherry, K (2019, October 08). Theories of intelligence in psychology. DotDash

Publication. https://www.verywellmind.com/theories-of-intelligence-2795035.

 Flynn, J.R. (1984). The mean IQ of Americans: Massive gains 1932 to 1978.
Psychological bulletin, 95(1), 29. 

 Ruhl, C(2020, July 16). Intelligence: Definition, theories and Testing. Simply Psychology.
https://www.simplypsychology.org/intelligence.html 

 Spearmen, C. (1904). General intelligence objectively determined and measured.

American Journal of Psychology, 15, 107-197. 

Appendix

Verbal Numerica Mechanica

Abstract Spatial
S.No. Name Critical l l Concentration
Reasoning Reasoning
Reasoning Reasoning Reasoning
1 Arjun 3 14 6 12 10 34
 Maharjan
Bandana
2 3 16 12 11 18 37
Neupane
3 Basanta Dulal 5 18 11 12 19 31
4 Bindu Bista 2 13 6 12 15 29
5 Charu Arjyal 6 18 12 11 15 37
Cheman
6 0 19 14 12 19 42
Tamang
7 Dristi Sharma 3 18 10 12 19 33
8 Kanchan Rai 3 18 12 12 21 37
Lalit Kumar
9 5 17 11 12 19 30
Baduwal
10 Laxmi Basnet 3 20 8 12 21 33
Melina
11 4 11 9 9 15 35
Bhattarai
12 Melina Bhattrai 2 15 13 10 17 35
13 Osha shrestha 1 16 8 10 15 36
14 Pramila Khanal 4 15 8 11 16 29
15 Puja Sharma 3 19 8 12 19 29
16 Puja Singh 3 7 3 12 8 31
17 Punam Limbu 4 14 9 12 17 30
18 Rama Paudel 2 18 9 12 19 38
19 Rita Subedi 4 18 13 12 14 34
Sahara
20 5 18 10 12 15 41
Maharjan
Sarina
21 5 16 5 11 19 38
Maharjan
Shahin
22 Sunuwar 3 13 6 12 11 35
Rasaili
23 Shiksha Risal 2 20 13 10 22 40
Shreeram
24 4 14 14 12 12 36
Lawaju
Subesha
25 2 18 11 12 16 32
Adhikari
26 Sunil Suwal 1 13 12 12 17 40
27 Sushant Bhatta 2 17 12 10 20 39
28 Sushila Napit 4 17 8 11 10 35
Yubaraj
29 5 13 11 12 17 39
Adhikari