A Dual Band Dual Polarization Slot Patch Antenna

Jianling Chen, Junhong Wang Kin-Fai Tong, Allann Al-Armaghany

Abstract—A dual band and dual polarization slot patch relative permittivity, ɛr= 2.2), the second layer is polystyrene
antenna for Global Positioning System (GPS) and wireless LAN foam (t2 = 7 mm, ɛr = 1.06), and a copper ground plane is
network with the corresponding polarizations is proposed. An L- cladded on the bottom side of the second layer. On the top of
shaped slot and a small stub are utilized to excite the desirable the first layer, an arc-shaped slot (slot 1), an L-shape slot (slot
right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) for GPS. Meanwhile the 2), and a stub (stub 1) are inserted into a circular microstrip
linearly polarized electromagnetic wave for Wi-Fi patch. On the top of the second layer, there is a circular feeding
communications at 2.4 GHz is contributed by an arc-shaped slot disc (diameter, D2=6.4 mm) connected to the center pin of the
embedded circular patch. The multi-layered geometry and the SMA on the ground plane. The overall dimension of the
capacitive feeding disk placed between the substrate layers
antenna is 100×100×8.68 mm3. Slot 2 and the stub 1 are
enhance the operating bandwidths of the antenna. The
responsible to excite the orthogonal modes to generate the
achievable percentage bandwidths at the low and high bands are
6.4% and 7% respectively. The measured 3dB axial ratio (AR) RHCP. Slot 1 radiating at 2.4 GHz are embedded in the
bandwidth is 34 MHz, which covers the GPS L1 band. circular patch. The multi-layered geometry and the capacitive
feeding disk placed between the substrate layers enhance the
Keywords—L-shaped slot, arc-shaped slot, circular patch operating bandwidths of the antenna. By adjusting the
antenna; GPS; Wi-Fi; dual-polarization, capacitive feeding dimension of the L-shape slot and the stub, the CP operating
frequency and AR can be optimized. The detailed dimensions
I. INTRODUCTION of the antenna are tabulated in Table 1.
Nowadays, antennas for wireless communications have to
be compact and able to operate at several frequency bands
simultaneously. The frequency bands normally include GPS
systems, wireless LAN, and the 60 GHz band for the soon
coming 5G mobile communication systems [1-3]. Therefore,
there is a demand for antennas that can operate in several
frequency bands, in addition to the low profile, polarization
alignment and low fabrication cost. A few multi-band antennas
are reported for the GPS/WiMAX/WLAN systems [4-6], but
polarization loss are expected for GPS reception. In [7-9], the
single band circular polarization is excited by unsymmetrical
U-slot or truncated corner U-slot patch antenna. In [10] a dual
band and dual polarization antenna for GPS and Wi-Fi
application is introduced. A 90° hybrid coupler chip is inserted
to generate the two degenerative modes. Linear polarization in
the Wi-Fi band is excited by the two symmetrical slots on the
top radiator. Due to mounting process and extra DC biasing
lines for the hybrid chip, the antenna fabrication is more
complicated than a single feed antenna. The antenna
performance is restricted.
In this paper, a single capacitive-fed patch antenna features Fig. 1. Top and side view of the antenna model
a simple and compact structure is presented. This simple
antenna can simultaneously support the GPS and Wi-Fi TABLE I. DETAILED ANTENNA PARAMETERS (MM)
applications with the appropriate polarizations. For the GPS Diameter of the circular Inner radius Inner radius of
1.575 GHz band, it is designed to be RHCP, while linear 87 32.6 31.2
patch, D1 of slot 1, R1 slot 2, R2
polarization is achieved in the Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz band. Subtended angle of the
Subtended
Width of the
85.32° angle of the 90° 4.0
slot 1, θ1 slot 1, W1
slot 2, θ2
II. ANTENNA CONFIGURATION AND DESIGN Width of the
Width of the slot 2,W2 4.0 W3 4.0 4.0
Fig. 1 shows the top and side views of the proposed antenna stub W4
Distance between the
geometry. The first layer is a single-side copper cladded centers of the patch to 26.0
Length of
6.5 L2 12.3
Rogers Duriod 5880 substrate (thickness, t1 = 1.575 mm, and the stub L1
feeding disc, d
 III. RESULTS
The antenna parameters were optimized by using the
commercial software package CST Microwave Studio in the
simulation process. From Fig. 2, the two orthogonal modes for
circular polarization can be observed in the low band around
1.575 GHz, while a single mode at 2.45 GHz appear in the high
band. The impedance bandwidth (|S11| < -10 dB) is between
1.52 and 1.62 GHz, i.e. 6.4%, for GPS and between 2.36 to
2.55 GHz, i.e. 7%, for Wi-Fi systems.
Fig. 3 shows the simulated axial ratio bandwidth of the
antenna at the GPS band. The 3 dB AR bandwidth is about
2.1% from 1.562 to 1.596 GHz. (a) (b)
Fig. 4 and 5 show the simulated radiation patterns of the Fig. 5. Normalized radiation pattern at 2.45 GHz in (a) xz-plane and (b) yz-
plane
antenna at 1.575 GHz and 2.45 GHz. The gains of the antenna
at 1.575 GHz is about 6.5 dBi, while it is about 7.8 dBi at 2.45 IV. CONCLUSIONS
GHz.
In this paper, we presented a single capacitive-fed
In our further study, the frequency bands of the antenna can
technique to achieve a dual band antenna with desirable
be optimized independently and simultaneously. The designed
polarization at the specific band. Both low and high frequency
antenna has been fabricated and the measured results will be
bandwidths of the antenna meet the requirements of GPS and
presented in the conference.
Wi-Fi standards.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work is partially supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61331002, and
by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project under
Grant No.2013CB328903.
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