School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences

1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

Experiment No. _3_

ACID-BASE TITRATION: STANDARDIZATION OF

SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Submitted by: Date Submitted: March 27, 2021

Signature

Surname, Given Name M.I. Mendoza, Oliver R.

PROF. NANETTE D. SANTOS

Faculty In-charge

CM124-1L – _B9_
 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

1. INTRODUCTION

A. Brief Background

The wider significance of the modern world’s one of the best solutions in
becoming more anchor sustainability and development is to further move to study
Analytical Chemistry. Analytical chemistry is the process of sustaining, deeply rooted in
analyzing, and conduct methods/processing the data gathered from the experiment or
the composition of a matter.

The acid-base titration is one to deal with in studying analytical chemistry, it is the
double displacement it which it specified the appearance of H 2 O /Water and ionic salt in
doing this experiment. Nevertheless, the concentration of the solution (mixing of solvent
and solute) is the backbone of the titration methods in which acid-base is involved. To
determine the concentration of the analyte, the titrant is added and reacts until it reaches
the endpoint. The sustainable success of titration is to determine the stability of the
endpoint. In gathering the data and ensuring the exact value of the concentration,
standardization is the method in doing so. notwithstanding, it often uses it in a titration
experiment.
In this experiment on virtual labs in McGraw-Hill, the standardization of NaOH
(Sodium hydroxide) was being processed to determine the exact concentration of NaOH
in the solution by using the process so-called titration process. Moreover, the driven
purpose of in getting the endpoint of the solution of Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate and
Sodium Hydroxide, the titration plays a wide range of vital role in this experiment. The
change of color pale pink is an indication of the endpoint. before that, adding Sodium
Hydroxide (NaOH) and continuously titrating it, results in a pink or pale pink color, but
the standard in determining the concentration is to end up in somehow pink or pale pink.

B. Objectives

A. To know how to do the titration process

B. To determine the deep concept of titration
C. To perform the standardization in McGraw-Hill
D. To go around and stabilizing the Sodium Hydroxide solution
E. To determine the solution whether it acid or basic by using indicator.
F. To see the sudden changes that happen in doing experiment
G. To standardize the solution of Sodium Hydroxide using phenolphthalein as an
indicator
H. To calculate and come to an end of the exact and accurate value in Molarity of
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

2. METHODOLOGY

(1) Prepare the materials for the experiment.

(2) Fill the Clean burette with 0.4M Sodium Hydroxide.
(3) Measure and record the initial volume of the burette.
(4) Enclose the flask of Sodium Hydroxide with a rubber stopper.
(5) Place a weighing paper on the balance then tare it to 0.00g.
(6) Place a Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate on the weigh and record its mass.
(7) Add the Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate to an empty and clean Erlenmeyer Flask.
(8) Add 50mL of distilled water in the flask.
(9) Heat the Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate in the flask on the hot plate for 2 mins.
(10) Let the flask with Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate cool down for 15 mins.
(11) Remove the beaker for chemical disposal on the stir plate.
(12) Place a white paper on the stir plate.
(13) Add Phenolphthalein indicator in the flask with Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate
solution.
(14) Add magnetic stir bar in the flask with Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate solution.
(15) Place the flask with Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate solution on the stir plate.
(16) Turn on the stir plate and start the titration by adding Sodium Hydroxide in the flask.
(17) Stop the titration at the endpoint (when the color turns pale pink) and record the
results.

Figure 1: all equipment and materials in McGraw-hill virtual lab.

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 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

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13

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PARADIGM: Process of Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide

 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Collected Data of the NaOH and KHP

Mass of Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate (KHP in g) 2.915

Initial Volume in the Burette (mL) 1.50
Final Volume in the Burette (mL) 35.45
Volume of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH in mL) 33.95
Concentration of Sodium Hydroxide (M of NaOH) 0.4203

I. Calculating the Volume of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

In calculating the Volume of NaOH, we need to Reduce by subtracting the initial Volume
of the Burette containing NaOH from the Final volume of burette with NaOH.nonetheless, by
calculating the Volume(mL) of NaOH we need the formula that given below:

V NaOH =Final volume of burette−initial volume of burette

Thus, subtitute the data gathered from the given formula:

V NaOH =35.45 mL−1.50 mL

the Volume resulted from the answer is given below:

V NaOH =33.95 mL

II. Calculating the Molarity of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

To measure the exact Molecularity of NaOH, use the Reactions Equation to transform
the exact values beginning with the Mass of KHP. the Mass of KHP is the only factor in the
Equation showned to obtain the moles of NaOH. The moles of KPH, whereas besides, are
necessary to continue with the conversion. The density of KHP is only used to calculate moles
by dividing it by its Molar Mass (quantity ofmass in substance per 1 mole). This is needed since
the mass of known substances containing diverse elements is not identical or equivalent. While
the amount of NaOH dearth in details to transform to moles, it is not used. Furthermore, the
balanced Equation describes the proper amount of substances in a NaOH and KHP.

Balanced equation of the reactants is given below:

The formula given to solve the mol of the NaOH is given below:

1 mol of NaOH
Mass of Phthalate ( KHP∈ g)x 1 mol of khp
g x
mol
of khp 1 mol of KHP
 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

Thus, substitute the data gathered from the given formula:

1mol of KHP 1 mol of NaOH

2.915 g of KHP x x =0.01427 mol of NaOH
204.22 g of KHP 1 mol of KHP

It easy for us now to compute the Molarity value of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) since it
already computed it. The formula in getting the molarity is given below:

moles (g)
M= Volume( L)
mol of NaOH 1000 mL
Molarity ( M )= x
Volume of NaOH ∈mL 1L

Thus, substitute the data gathered from the Given formula:

0.01427 mol of NaOH 1000 mL
Molarity ( M )= x
33.95 mL 1L

Cancel the ml and we get the final answer for Molarity of NaOH. Thus, the concentration
of NaOH is given below:
mol
Molarity ( M )=0.4203 ∨0.42034 M
L

In the given answer, we say that using the titration and standardization of NaOH, we get
the accurate value of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) in which we get 0.42034 M

III. Phases of the Process

Phase 1.

The goal is to standardize a Sodium Hydroxide solution by titrating it with Potassium

Hydrogen Phthalate. Its aim is to ascertain the precise concentration of Sodium Hydroxide
solution (NaOH). for achieving this, the amount solution of Sodium Hydroxide and with
Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate should be enter the endpoint suggesting that the acid or basic
substance has been absorbed or fully reacted with to each other. it means, the mole ratio of
their equation was satisfied during the titration. It is important to reminder that the varies
chemicals used is depending on molar ratio in an equation. It shows that the moles of Sodium
Hydroxide and Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate have achieved a 1:1 ratio.
Phase 2.

In 0.4M of Sodium Hydroxide only indicates an average measure of its concentration in

the key operations, which is why the precise value measured is similar to the labelled value.
You must read the lower meniscus when reading the burette to demonstrate the precision of the
volume. Due to the open spaces above the meniscus, failure to obey this protocol can result in a
 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

mistake. Taring needs a tare to balance, in after positioning the weight paper in order to ensure
precision and the only mass needed to be weighed is the KHP (Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate).

Phase 3.
Furthermore, Phenolphthalein acts as a color sensor, appearing pink in basic solutions
and colorless in acidic solutions. While the magnetic stir bars are used to stir the liquids that are
hidden inside the bottle. This ensures that all materials have been properly combined and
reacted. Finally, as the color pink emerges during the titration, cautiously allow the liquid in the
burette to circulate steadily so that the indicator can sense the color transition correctly.

4. CONCLUSION

In come to end up, it therefore concludes, the concentration of NaOH is 0.42034 M by

the given computed Volume of NaOH which is 30.95 and mole of NaOH which is
0.01273. by adding the known concentration is the most important element in
determining the Molarity of the analyte in the experiment or in specific, titration. In the
method of titration, phase aids in deciding the endpoint or simply indicates the reaction is
over. Moreover, by ensuring that the reactions are increased in precision and accuracy.
The mixture of NaOH and KHP is thoroughly mixed up and it resulted the changes in
color until it becomes pale pink. Whereas on the other hands, in determining the
concentration of NaOH the method of Standardization is applied. Furthermore, the
symbol shows whether a solution is colorless, basic, or acidic, with a pink hue. As an
expected to happen, when the titration endpoint was met, the experiment was totally in
pedestal of masterstroke

.
 School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021

TURNITIN
School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021
School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021
School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021
School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences
1st Quarter S.Y. 2020-2021