The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; SP-10(6): 246-252

ISSN (E): 2277- 7695

ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.23 Participatory rural appraisal for detecting the climatic
TPI 2021; SP-1065): 246-252
© 2021 TPI conditions in Sriram Nagar village, Rangareddy district
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 28-04-2021
Accepted: 30-05-2021 Gadde Sriharsha, Dr. Veenitha Kumari and Dr. Chaitanya Kumari
Gadde Sriharsha
National Institute of Abstract
Agricultural Management, Agriculture is the main occupation for the people living in rural India. 49% of the population in the
MANAGE, Ragendranagar, nation is involved in agriculture and related activities (Census 2011). Because of changing climatic
Hyderabad, Telangana, India conditions agriculture becomes a challenging task for the farmers. PRA aims to find all available
resources, the relation between the villages to the other institutions, and prepared a map with the help of
Dr. Veenitha Kumari villagers. In this study, various PRA tools were used for the identification of problems in Sriramnagar
DY. Director (Gender Studies),
village of the Rangareddy district of Telangana state. Based on the observations during transect walk and
National Institute of
Agricultural Management,
at the time of group discussions, by using different PRA tools the data was collected from the villagers.
MANAGE, Ragendranagar, Results revealed that in the village the major soil is red sandy soil, vegetables, rose, lily, paddy, cotton
Hyderabad, Telangana, India are the major crops, animals are hen, buffalo, cow, and goat. Only one drinking water source is present at
Panchayat Office. Maximum rainfall is between June to September. National Institute of agricultural
Dr. Chaitanya Kumari extension management (Manage) have more impact on their day to day life. The majority of the
Professor, Department of respondents had landholding between 1-2 acres have pakka house and annual income of up to Rs. 50000.
Extension and Communication Most of them belong to a middle-class family and falls under other cast community. Three canals and
Management, Acharya NG four check dams present around the village but these dams are filled with sand. From 2017 onwards
Ranga Agricultural University, Telangana government providing water facility to the village under mission Bhageradha scheme. By
Guntur, Lam Farm Road, Lam, changing the time periosmany changes have occurred in villagers food habits, climate, and agricultural
Andhra Pradesh, India practices. stationary, fertilizers, seeds (for agriculture) fruits, sorghum, clothes, jewelry, etc… products
are imported into the village from outside market and vegetables, rice, cotton, maize, flowers (Rose,
Lilly) poultry, milk, etc. are exported from the village to outside market concluded that the major
problems are water facility for irrigation. Because of climate change, the rainfall percentage is very low.
Unemployment because of the low literacy rate. Villagers were not having a proper public transport
facility.

Keywords: participatory rural appraisal, detecting, climatic conditions

Introduction
Agriculture is the main occupation for the people living in rural India. 49% of the population
in the nation is involved in agriculture and related activities (Census 2011) [2]. The contribution
of agriculture and allied sectors to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is declining steadily
with the country's broad-based economic growth (Singh et al., 2020) [6]. Because of changing
climatic conditions agriculture becomes a challenging task for the farmers. Sriramnagar village
has a large cultivated area but it is facing problems of the regular occurrence of terminal
droughts, decreasing water level, etc. Animals also facing the problems of fodder and water
problem during drought seasons. The village has the potential of growing horticultural crops
like tomato, some of the seasonal locally edible varieties of green leafy vegetables. Because of
these problems in this village, there is a scope of adoption of water management technology.
The village has more agricultural labor but a lack of employment opportunities. So some of
them involving as construction workers. By considering the above problems participatory rural
appraisal is used to know about the life and living conditions of the people. PRA aims to find
all available resources, the relation between the village to the other institutions, and prepared a
map with the help of villagers. It is learning about people and their environment. It is an
approach to development planning and as a method of investigation evolved from many
different sources to be utilized in a participatory mode (Abedo, 2000; Meena et al., 2018) [3]. It
Corresponding Author: is essential for providing basic information, identifying and assessing problems, appraising,
Gadde Sriharsha designing, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating programs and projects, developing and
National Institute of transferring appropriate technologies, hypothesis generation, providing guidelines for survey
Agricultural Management,
designs and assessing the applicability of program, and interpreting the results obtained
MANAGE, Ragendranagar,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India through different methods (Reddy et al., 2016) [4].
~ 246 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com

In this study, various PRA tools were used for the collected from villagers during group discussions, resource
identification of problems in Sriramnagar village of the availability and agro-ecological data were compiled depicting
Rangareddy district of Telangana state. the climatic and environmental conditions, and availability of
resources in relation to agricultural practices prevalent in the
Materials and Methods village.
The study was conducted at Sriramnagar village, which is The different PRA tools used were:
situated between DMS Latitude 17º23' 26.3544'' N and DMS 1. Transect Walk
Longitude 77º50' 4.8984''E of Moinabad Mandal in 2. Seasonal calendar
Rangareddy District of Telangana. The Sriramnagar village 3. Venn diagram
has a population of 1822 (in which 930 males and 892 4. Wealth ranking
females) with 424 households. The total geographical area of 5. Social map
the village is 940 hectares. The data was collected through the 6. Resource map
Participatory rural appraisal method. For this relevant PRA 7. Timeline
tools were identified and shortlisted. The shortlisted PRA 8. Inflow and outflow map.
tools were carried out with the help of the National Institute
of agricultural extension management (Manage) friend and Results and Discussion
the villagers, to furnish information about the selected village. 1. Transect walk
Based on the observations of general transect walk and data

Table 1: Transect walk

Key informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village sarpanch, villagers 2. Seasonal calendar

(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma, Based on the information in table no-2, it reveals that
Yadhaiah, Lakshmi etc.). maximum rainfall is between June to September, The major
Transect walk started from east to west of the village during seed sowing time is June, July, August. Major agricultural
the transect walk, it was observed that in the village the major activities take place during June, July, August whereas, in
soil is red sandy soil, tamarind, neem, and a large Banyan tree September, October is less agricultural activity. They have
present at the starting of the village. The major crops are peak income in December, January, and February. Harvesting
vegetables, rose, lily, paddy, cotton. Animals are hen, buffalo, of crops majority is done in October and November, and
cow, and goat. The drinking water source is Panchayat Office. livestock activity is maximum during January. Drinking water
For irrigation canals, bores were present. Most of the roads and irrigation water is available adequately in July, August,
were kachha. September, and October because in these months major
~ 247 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com

rainfall occurs. Men have more work in March, April, and September, December, and January.
May months. Whereas women have more work in August,

Table 2: Seasonal calendar

Key informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village Sarpanch, villagers 3. Venn diagram

(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma,
Yadhaiah, Lakshmi, etc.).

Fig 1: Venn diagram

~ 248 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com

Key informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village sarpanch, villagers Among these Panchayat Office, school, child health center,
(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma, art of living, Manage have more impact on their day to day
Yadhaiah, Lakshmi, etc.). life. Circles represent the key institutions around the village.
The key institutions for this village are Panchayat Office, The size of the circle indicates the relative importance of the
school, child health center, Manage, temples, church, art of institution and its distance from the nucleus.
living, veterinary hospital, Telangana Gramina bank, Bhaskar
medical college. 4. Wealth ranking

Table 3: Wealth ranking

Land holding
1-2 acres 2.5 acres Above 5 acres
335 63 26
Types of house
Kacha house Packka of house Building
167 246 11
Annual income
50000 50-2- lakhs Above 2 lakhs
352 52 20

Key informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village sarpanch, villagers 5. Social map

(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma, In the village, most of them belong to a middle-class family
Yadhaiah, Lakshmi, etc.). and falls under other casts, backward community, Schedule
Above table, no-3 reveals that the majority of the respondents cast community. The lower caste dwells at the periphery and
had landholding between 1-2 acres have pakka house and the upper caste nucleus of the village. Panchayat Youth
annual income of up to Rs.50000. building, V hospital, Anganwadi center, at the Office, terinary
WCRA building, temples, church are also present.

Fig 2: Social mapping

Key informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village sarpanch, villagers Lakshmi, etc.).

(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma, Yadhaiah,
~ 249 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com

6. Resource map

Fig 3: Resource mapping

Key informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village Sarpanch, villagers dams sufficient water will be available to the villagers. They
(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma, are primarily growing rice, Lilly (flowers), maize, cotton,
Yadhaiah, Lakshmi, etc.). vegetables, roses, one Dairy, and one poultry units also
In this village, natural resources are three canals Boya vagu present.
(canal), yerrodukaaluva (canal), thodellakaluva (canal).
Around the village 4 check dams are present, but these check 7. Timeline
dams are filled with sand. If the sand is removed from the

~ 250 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com

8. Time trend analysis

Table 4: Time trend analysis

Key Informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village sarpanch, villagers (Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu,
Mallamma, Yadhaiah, Lakshmi, etc.).

The information of table no-4 indicates that from 1989-2019 In flow-out flow map
many changes have occurred in their food habits, climate, and
agricultural practices as depicted in the table.

Fig 4: Inflow and outflow map

~ 251 ~
The Pharma Innovation Journal http://www.thepharmajournal.com

The products imported from the outside market are stationary,

fertilizers, seeds (for agriculture) fruits, sorghum, clothes,
jewelry, etc. The products exported outside from the village
market is vegetables, rice, cotton, maize, flowers (Rose, Lilly)
poultry, milk, etc.
Key Informants: Sudhakar Reddy, village sarpanch, villagers
(Bal Reddy, Vanaja, Phanedra, Narasimhulu, Mallamma,
Yadhaiah, Lakshmi, etc.).

Problem identification
Transport
i) There is no proper public transport facility

Safe drinking water

i) Water collection points areaway for some people
ii) Only one point at the Panchayat office

Crop production
i) Lack of irrigation facilities
ii) Low rainfall
iii) Insufficient farm implements
iv) Pest and diseases attack crops

Horticulture
Inadequate water supply to horticultural crops

Animal husbandry
1) Lack of proper livestock management practices

Others
1) Lack of primary Health Care facility
2) Inadequate drinking water facility
3) Lack of market

Conclusion
By conducting PRA it can be concluded that the major
problems are water facility for irrigation. Because of climate
change, the rainfall percentage is very low. unemployment
because of the low literacy rate. Villagers don’t have a proper
public transport facility. This study will help to improve water
productivity and increasing employment generating activities.

References
1. Adebo S. Participatory rural appraisal (PRA): Analysis of
experience. Training Manual Chambers 2000;22(9):1253
– 1268.
2. Census 2011.
http://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/463266-
bhargawan-madhya-pradesh.html
3. Meena M, Sahu P, Joshi A, Mawlong I. Identification and
Prioritization of Problems in Integrated Agriculture for
Community Development: A Case of Amba Village in
Subhumid Region of Western India. Asian Journal of
Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 2018, 1-
12.
4. Reddy KS, Pankaj PK, Reddy NN, Raju NS.
Participatory Rural Appraisal in Drylands: A Holistic
Approach for Getting Insight into an Agro-Ecosystem
Analysis. Journal of Rural Development 2016;35(4):555-
580.
5. Singh AK, Upadhyaya A, Kumari S, Sundaram PK, Jeet
Pawan. Role of agriculture in making India $5 trillion
economy under corona pandemic circumstance. Journal
of Agri Search 2020;7(2):54-58.

~ 252 ~