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Uses of Computers: at Home

Computers are used at home for gaming, writing, education, media, communication, and shopping. At work, common uses include office productivity applications, presentations, photo and video editing, email, and website development. Computers store and process data as binary digits and use programs to instruct the central processing unit. The internet allows people and computers around the world to communicate and share information. As technology advances, old computers become obsolete and electronic waste, which must be properly recycled due to toxic components. The main hardware components of most computers are the central processing unit, memory, storage drives, ports for input/output, and sometimes a display, sound card and graphics card. The largest computer companies worldwide are Apple, Samsung, Foxconn

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159 views4 pages

Uses of Computers: at Home

Computers are used at home for gaming, writing, education, media, communication, and shopping. At work, common uses include office productivity applications, presentations, photo and video editing, email, and website development. Computers store and process data as binary digits and use programs to instruct the central processing unit. The internet allows people and computers around the world to communicate and share information. As technology advances, old computers become obsolete and electronic waste, which must be properly recycled due to toxic components. The main hardware components of most computers are the central processing unit, memory, storage drives, ports for input/output, and sometimes a display, sound card and graphics card. The largest computer companies worldwide are Apple, Samsung, Foxconn

Uploaded by

kate trisha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uses of computers[change 

| change source]
At home[change | change source]

 Playing computer games
 Writing
 Solving math problems
 Watching videos
 Listening to music and audio
 Audio, Video and photo editing
 Creating sound or video
 Communicating with other people
 Using The Internet
 Online shopping
 Drawing
 Online bill payments
At work[change | change source]

 Word processing
 Spreadsheets
 Presentations
 Photo Editing
 E-mail
 Video editing/rendering/encoding
 Audio recording
 System Management
 Website Development
 Software Development

Working methods[change | change source]


Computers store data and the instructions as numbers, because computers can do things with
numbers very quickly. These data are stored as binary symbols (1s and 0s). A 1 or a 0 symbol
stored by a computer is called a bit, which comes from the words binary digit. Computers can
use many bits together to represent instructions and the data that these instructions use. A list of
instructions is called a program and is stored on the computer's hard disk. Computers work
through the program by using a central processing unit, and they use fast memory
called RAM also known as (Random Access Memory) as a space to store the instructions and
data while they are doing this. When the computer wants to store the results of the program for
later, it uses the hard disk because things stored on a hard disk can still be remembered after the
computer is turned off.
An operating system tells the computer how to understand what jobs it has to do, how to do these
jobs, and how to tell people the results. Millions of computers may be using the same operating
system, while each computer can have its own application programs to do what its user needs.
Using the same operating systems makes it easy to learn how to use computers for new things. A
user who needs to use a computer for something different, can learn how to use a new
application program. Some operating systems can have simple command lines or a fully user-
friendly GUI.

The Internet[change | change source]


One of the most important jobs that computers do for people is helping with communication.
Communication is how people share information. Computers have helped people move forward
in science, medicine, business, and learning, because they let experts from anywhere in the world
work with each other and share information. They also let other people communicate with each
other, do their jobs almost anywhere, learn about almost anything, or share their opinions with
each other. The Internet is the thing that lets people communicate between their computers.

Computers and waste[change | change source]


A computer is now almost always an electronic device. It usually contains materials that will
become electronic waste when discarded. When a new computer is bought in some places, laws
require that the cost of its waste management must also be paid for. This is called product
stewardship.
Computers can become obsolete quickly, depending on what programs the user runs. Very often,
they are thrown away within two or three years, because some newer programs require a more
powerful computer. This makes the problem worse, so computer recycling happens a lot. Many
projects try to send working computers to developing nations so they can be re-used and will not
become waste as quickly, as most people do not need to run new programs. Some computer
parts, such as hard drives, can break easily. When these parts end up in the landfill, they can
put poisonous chemicals like lead into the ground-water. Hard drives can also contain secret
information like credit card numbers. If the hard drive is not erased before being thrown away,
an identity thief can get the information from the hard drive, even if the drive doesn't work, and
use it to steal money from the previous owner's bank account.

Main hardware[change | change source]


Computers come in different forms, but most of them have a common design.

 All computers have a CPU.


 All computers have some kind of data bus which lets them get inputs or output things to
the environment.
 All computers have some form of memory. These are usually chips (integrated circuits)
which can hold information.
 Many computers have some kind of sensors, which lets them get input from their
environment.
 Many computers have some kind of display device, which lets them show output. They
may also have other peripheral devices connected.
A computer has several main parts. When comparing a computer to a human body, the CPU is
like a brain. It does most of the thinking and tells the rest of the computer how to work. The CPU
is on the Motherboard, which is like the skeleton. It provides the basis for where the other parts
go, and carries the nerves that connect them to each other and the CPU. The motherboard is
connected to a power supply, which provides electricity to the entire computer. The various
drives (CD drive, floppy drive, and on many newer computers, USB flash drive) act like eyes,
ears, and fingers, and allow the computer to read different types of storage, in the same way that
a human can read different types of books. The hard drive is like a human's memory, and keeps
track of all the data stored on the computer. Most computers have a sound card or another
method of making sound, which is like vocal cords, or a voice box. Connected to the sound card
are speakers, which are like a mouth, and are where the sound comes out. Computers might also
have a graphics card, which helps the computer to create visual effects, such
as 3D environments, or more realistic colors, and more powerful graphics cards can make more
realistic or more advanced images, in the same way a well trained artist can.

Largest computer companies[change | change source]


Sales
Company name
(US$ billion)

 Apple 220,000

 Samsung 212,680

 Foxconn 132,070

 HP (Hewlett-Packard) 112,300

 IBM 99,750

 Hitachi 87,510

 Microsoft 86,830
Sales
Company name
(US$ billion)

 Amazon 74,450

 Sony 72,340

 Panasonic 70,830

 Google 59,820

 Dell 56,940

 Toshiba 56,200

 LG 54,750

52,700
 Intel

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