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Combined Mathematics: Structure of The Question Paper

The document describes the structure of the question paper for the Combined Mathematics examination. It is divided into two papers, each worth 100 marks. Paper I has two parts - Part A contains 10 questions worth 25 marks each, and Part B contains 5 questions out of 7 that are each worth 150 marks. Paper II follows the same structure. The final mark is calculated by averaging the marks from Paper I and Paper II. The document then provides 4 sample questions that may appear in Part A of Paper I, covering topics like mathematical induction, inequalities, complex numbers and limits.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

3K views18 pages

Combined Mathematics: Structure of The Question Paper

Uploaded by

Dilan Harindra

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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(10) Combined Mathematics

Structure of the Question Paper

Paper I - Time : 03 hours (In addition, 10 minutes for reading.)

This paper consists of two parts.
Part A : Ten questions. All questions should be answered. 25 marks for each
question - altogether 250 marks.
Part B : Seven questions. Five questions should be answered. Each question
carries 150 marks - altogether 750 marks.
Total marks for paper I 1000 ÷ 10 = 100

Paper II - Time : 03 hours (In addition, 10 minutes for reading.)

Calculation of the final mark ( Paper I = 100

Paper II = 100
Final mark = 200 ÷ 2 = 100

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-1-
(10) Combined Mathematics
Paper I
Part A

n
Using the Principle of Mathematical Induction, prove that 6 − 1 is divisible by 5 for all n ∈ Z .
+
1.

.............................................................................................................................................................

2. Find the set of all real values of x satisfying the inequality 2 x − 3 ≤ 2 + x.

Hence, solve 2 x + 3 ≤ 2 − x.

............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-2-
3. Shade the region R that represents the complex numbers z satisfying the conditions z − i ≤ 1 and

π ≤ Arg (z − i) ≤ 3π in an Argand diagram.

4 4
Write down the maximum value of Re z + Im z for z in the region R.

.............................................................................................................................................................

((8 + x)
1

4. Show that lim

3
)
− 2 sin 2x
=
1.
x→0 x
2 6

.............................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-3-
y
Show that the equation of the tangent to the ellipse x +
2 2
5. = 1 at the point P ≡ (4 cos θ, 3 sin θ)
16 9
is x cos θ + y sin θ = 1.
4 3
Find the value θ (0 < θ < π ) such that the normal to the above ellipse at P passes through the
( )
2
point 0, − 7 .
6

.............................................................................................................................................................

[ ()
[ dx
6. Differentiate tan
−1
5 tan x + 4 with respect to x. Hence, find
3 2 3 5 + 4 sin x
.
∫
.............................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-4-
7. Let S be the region bounded by the curve y = x , the straight line x = 3 and the x−axis (see
√ x2+9
the figure). Show that the volume of the solid generated by rotating S about the x−axis through

2π radians is 3π 1 − π .
4 ( )
y

S

O 3 x
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................

8. A variable straight line through the point (2, 1) meets the x−axis and the y−axis at the points
P and Q respectively. The point R is the mid-point of PQ. Show that the point R lies on the
curve x + 2y = 2xy.

............................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-5-
9. Find the equation of the circle through the points (0, 0) and (0, 2) which bisects the circumference
of the circle x2 + y2 − 2x + 4y − 6 = 0.

...........................................................................................................................................................

10. Express √ 3 cos x − sin x in the form R cos (x+α), where R > 0 and 0 < α < π .
2
Hence, solve the equation √ 3 cos 2x − sin 2x + 1 = 0.

...........................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-6-
Part B

11. (a) Let a and b be two distinct real numbers. Show that the roots of the equation x + 2bx +2ab = a
2 2

are real and distinct.

Show that the roots of the above equation α and β are both non-zero if and only if a ≠ 2b and
a ≠ 0.
Now suppose that a ≠ 2b and a ≠ 0. Find the quadratic equation with α and β as its roots.
β α
(b) Let f (x) be a polynomial of degree greater than 2, and let p and q be distinct real numbers.
Applying the Remainder Theorem twice, show that the remainder when f (x) is divided by
(x − p) (x − q) is f (q) − f (p) (x − p) + f (p).
q−p
Let g(x) = x + ax + bx + 1, where a, b ∈ IR. It is given that the remainder when g(x) is divided
3 2

by (x − 2) is thrice the remainder when it is divided by (x − 1), and that the remainder when g(x) is
divided by (x − 1) (x − 2) is kx + 5, where k ∈ IR. Find the values of a, b and k.

( )
10
12. (a) Show that the term independent of x in the expansion of (1 + x)2 2x2 − 1 is −15.
2x
(b) A relay team consisting of 4 sprinters is to be selected from among 8 sprinters of different
performance records. If the least performer among them is selected, then the best performer is
also selected; but the best performer can be selected without the least performer being selected.
Find the number of different relay teams that can be formed.
2r − 5
2
λ r+ μ
and f (r) = for r ∈ Z , where λ and μ are real constants.
+
(c) Let ur =
2 2 2
(r + 1) (r + 2) (r + 1)
Find the values of λ and μ such that ur = f (r) − f (r + 1) for r ∈ Z .
+

n
ur for n ∈ Z . Show that Sn = 1 − (2n + 1)2 for n ∈ Z .
+ +
Let Sn =
r=1
Σ ∞
4 (n + 2)

Deduce that the infinite series Σ
ur is convergent and find its sum.
r=1

13. (a) Let a, b, c ∈ IR. Also, let A = a

2 1
( 1
2 b
3 −1 , B = b 1 ) ( c
1
)and C =
c 2a + c
1 b . ( )
Find the values of a, b and c such that ABT = C.
−1
For these values of a, b and c, find (CT) and hence, find the matrix P such that
−1 T
C P C = 5C.

(b) Using de Moivre's Theorem for a positive intergral index, show that if z = cos θ + i sin θ, then

z = cos n θ − i sin n θ, where θ ∈ IR and n ∈ Z .

−n +

Express each of the complex numbers −1+ i √ 3 and √ 3 + i in the form r (cos θ + i sin θ ), where

r > 0 and −π < θ ≤ π.

(−1+ i√ 3 )
n

Let m, n ∈ Z . Show that if = 8, then n = m + 3 and n = 4k−1, where k ∈ Z .

(√ 3 + i)
m

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-7-
(x + 1)
14. (a) Let f(x) = for x ≠ −2. Show that f ʹ(x), the derivative of f(x), is given by f ʹ(x) = − x
(x + 2)2 (x + 2)3
for x ≠ −2.
2(x − 1)
It is given that f ʹʹ(x) = for x ≠ −2, where f ʹʹ(x) denotes the second derivative of f (x).
(x + 2)4
Sketch the graph of y = f(x) indicating the asymptotes, turning point and the point of inflection.

(b) A fence, 8 m tall, is at a distance of 27 m from a vertical wall of a building. A ladder with its
lower end on the horizontal ground goes just over the fence and reaches the wall as shown
in the figure. Let y m be the length of the ladder and θ be the angle it makes with the
horizontal. Express y as a function of θ.

Show that dy = 0 if and only if θ = tan 2

dθ
−1

3 ( ). ym

By considering the sign of dy in appropriate intervals, find the

dθ 8m
θ
length of the shortest such ladder. 27 m

4
15. (a) Express 2
in partial fractions.
(x − 1) (x + 1)
1

Hence, find
∫ (1 − e ) (1 + e )
−x x 2
dx.

(b) Using integration by parts, find

π
∫ x (sin x + 2 cos x) dx.
2

π

(c) Establish the formula x f (sin x) dx = π
2
0
∫ ∫
0
f (sin x) dx.

π
Hence, show that
∫
0
x sin x dx = π2 .
(2 − sin x)
2 4

16. Let A ≡ (−1, 1) and l be the straight line given by x + y = 7. Find the coordinates of the points
∧ ∧
B and C on l such that ABC = ACB = tan−1 (7).
∧
Also, find the equation of the bisector m of the angle BAC .
Write down the equation of the circle with BC as a diameter and hence write down the equation
of any circle through B and C in terms of a parameter.
Deduce the equation of the circle S that passes through the points A, B and C'
Also, find the coordinates of the points of intersection, of the circle S and the straight line m.

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-8-
17.(a) Show that cos x cos 3x + sin x sin 3x = cos 2x.
3 3 3

Hence, solve 8 (cos x cos 3x + sin x sin 3x) = 1.

3 3

(b) Let ABC be a triangle. The points D and E are taken on BC such that BD : DE : EC = 1 : 2 : 3.
^
Also, let BAD ^ ^
= α, DAE = β and EAC = γ . Using the sine rule for suitable triangles, show that

sin(α +β ) sin(β +γ ) = 5 sinα sin γ.

(c) Let x ≤ 1, y ≤ 1 and z ≤ 1. Show that if sin−1 x + sin−1 y + sin−1 z = π, then

x √ 1 − x2 + y √ 1 − y2 + z √ 1 − z2 = 2xyz.

* * *

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

-9-
(10) Combined Mathematics
PII PII
PII
PartAA
Part
Paper II Part A
1.1. TwoTwo particles
particles of of masses
masses mm and and km,km, respectively
respectively move move
Part A 1. Two particles of masses m and km, respect
2u
2u
Part A horizontaltable
horizontal tablewith withspeeds
speedsuuand and respectively.Given
respectively. Given
horizontal table with speeds 33 u and 2u respect
o particles of masses 1. mTwo and particles of masses move
km, respectively m and towards
λm moveeach towards
othereachon other
a smoothon a smooth horizontal table with speeds 3
uu
2u speeds away
speeds away from from each each other
other after
after theirtheir direct
direct impa
imp
izontal table with speeds and
uu and respectively. Given
respectively. Given thatthat the
theparticles
particlesmove
movewith withequalequal
22 speeds speeds u away away fromfrom eacheach other other after their
3 2
33 99
u after their direct impact, show that the coefficient of restitution
restitution
restitution is
is
is ,, ,and
and
and that
that
that the
the
the value
valueof
value of
of kλkisis
is ..
eds away from each other after their direct impact, show that the coefficient of restitution 5 5 3
is , and that the value 77 of k is 9 .
2 5 7
2.2. AA particle
particle of of mass mass mm kg kg rests
rests on on aa rough
rough horizontal
horizontal
3 .............................................................................................................................................................
9 2. A particle of mass m kg rests on a rough
itution is , and that the value of k is . inextensible sting
inextensible sting which which isis perpendicular
perpendicular to to the
the edge
edge of of t
5 7 inextensible sting which is perpendicular to t
.............................................................................................................................................................
small smooth
small smooth pulley pulley fixed fixed atat thethe edge
edge of of the
the table,
table, toto aa
particle of mass m kg rests on a rough horizontal table. It is connected by a light small smooth pulley fixed at the edge of the
xtensible sting which .............................................................................................................................................................
is perpendicular to the edge of the table and which passes freely
freely under
under
over gravity.The
a gravity. Thecoefficient
coefficientof offriction
frictionbetween
betweenthe th
PII freely under gravity. The coefficient of friction
all smooth pulley fixed at the edge of the table, to a particle of mass 2m which hangs
.............................................................................................................................................................
Part A that
that thetension
1 the tensionin inthethestring
stringas asthethesystem
systemstarts startsfrom
fromrest,
rest,i
ely1.under gravity. The coefficient of friction between the mass
Two particles of masses m and km, respectively move towards each other on a smoothm and the table is . Show that the tension in the string as the system start
.............................................................................................................................................................
4
2u
horizontal table with speeds u and respectively. 5Given that the particles move with equal
the tension in the string
towards each other on a smooth as the system starts
3 from rest, is mg .
.............................................................................................................................................................
3.3. AA lightlight rod rod ABAB has has twotwo particles
particles of of masses
masses mm and and 2m,
2m, res res
6 3. A light rod AB has two particles of masses m
u AA andand B. B. TheThe rod rod isis held
held atat rest
rest in
in aa horizontal
horizontal position
position
that the particlesaway
speeds move .............................................................................................................................................................
with each
from equal other after their direct impact, show that the coefficient A and of B. The rod is held at rest in a horizon
2 hinged to
hinged to aa fixed
fixed point, point, andand thethe rod
rod then
then moves
moves in in aa vertic
verti
light rod AB has two particles of masses m and 2m, respectively attached to the two ends hinged to a fixed point, and the rod then mov
3 .............................................................................................................................................................
9 thehorizontal
the horizontalatattime time t.t.Using
Usingthe theprinciple
principleof ofconservatio
conservatio
act,
and B.showThethat
rod the
restitution is held
is coefficient
, and at that
rest theinofavalue of k isposition
horizontal . with its middle point C smoothly the horizontal
5 7 at time t. Using the principle o
2. A particle of mass m lying on a rough horizontal table is connected by mddqq 22ggsinsinqq
nged to a fixed point, and the rod then moves in a vertical plane making an angle q with
speed ofthetherod ==
2. A particle of mass m kg rests on a rough horizontal table. It is connected speed of by arod isisgiven
light givenby by ..
a light inextensible string which is perpendicular to the edge of speed the of the rod dt dt given by
is 33aadq = 2 g sin q .
e horizontal at time t. Using the principle of conservation of energy, show that the angular dt 3a
inextensible sting which
table and is perpendicular
which passestoover the aedge
smallof smooth
the tablepulley
and which
fixed at passes
the edge over a
table. It is smooth
connected bydqa lightat 2 g sin qedge of the table, to a particle of mass 2m which hangs
eed ofsmall
the rod is given pulley
by of fixed
the= table,the to a particle
. of mass 2m which hangs 4. freely
4. Two Twoas shown
carsAAin
cars and
and theBBmove movealong alongaastraight
straightroad roadin inparallel
parallellal
he table and which passesdtover a 3a 4. Two cars A and B move 2m
along a straight road

freely under gravity. figure. The system
The coefficient is released
of friction betweenfromtherest
masswith
m and thethe string
tabletaut.is .The
1
Show uu
particle of mass 2m which hangs tt==00,, thethe speeds
4speeds of of AA andand BB are are uu andand ,, respectively.
respectively
coefficient of friction between the particle of mass m and the table t =is0, the speeds of A and B44are u and ,
u
wo cars A and B move along 1 a straight road in parallel lanes in the same 5 direction. At time 4
e massthat m and
the the table
tension inisthe .stringShowasthat
Show the the tension
system startsin from
the string is mg .
rest, is constant speed
constant speed uu and and thethe carcar BB moves
moves with with constant
constant accel
acce
4 u 6 constant speed u and the car B moves with c
= 0, the speeds of A and B are u and , respectively. The car A moves with5u the same
5u
5 4 at
at tt == TT and maintains
and
5u maintains that that speed
speed afterwards.
afterwards. In
............................................................................................................................................................. In the
the s
s mg . 44 at t = T and maintains that speed afterw
6 speed
nstant
3. A lightu rod
andAB thehas cartwo B moves
particleswithofconstant
masses m acceleration until it reaches
and 2m, respectively attached the tospeed
the two4ends
time graphs
time graphs for for thethe motions
motions of of the
the car
car AA and
............................................................................................................................................................. and the
the car
car BB un un
u A and B. The rod is held at rest in a horizontal position with its middle point C smoothly time graphs for the motions of the car A and
at t = T and maintains that speed afterwards. In the same diagram, sketch the time velocity
time atatwhich
whichthe thespeeds
speedsof ofthe
thecars
carsareareequal.
equal.
pectively attached
hinged to a fixed to the two ends
point, and the rod then moves in a vertical plane making an angle qtime with at which the speeds of the cars are equal
.............................................................................................................................................................
me graphs
with its for
themiddlethepoint
horizontalmotionsatCtime of t.the
smoothly car Atheand
Using the car of
principle B conservation
until B overtakes A. Hence,
of energy, showfind thatthe the angular
.............................................................................................................................................................
me
calatplane
whichmaking
the speedsan angleof theq cars withare equal.
dq 2 g sin q
speed of the
n of energy, show that rod is given
the angular by = .
.............................................................................................................................................................
dt 3a

.............................................................................................................................................................
4. Two cars A and B move along a straight road in parallel lanes in the same direction. At time
.............................................................................................................................................................
u
t = 0, the speeds of A and B are u and , respectively. The car A moves with the same
anes in the same direction. At time 4
.............................................................................................................................................................
constant speed u and the car B moves with constant acceleration until it reaches the speed
. The car A moves with the same
Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics
5u - 10 diagram,
-
at t = T and maintains that speed afterwards. In the same sketch the velocity
leration 4 until it reaches the speed
Part A
horizontal table with
1. Two particles of masses m and km, respectively move towards each other on a smooth
2u u
horizontal table with speeds u and respectively. Given that the particles movespeeds
with equal
away fro
3 2
Two particles of masses
3. u m and 2m are attached to the two A 3
speeds away from each other after their direct impact, show that the coefficient
restitutionof
is , and
ends A and B respectively
2 of a light rod AB of length 2a. m 5
The rod is held in a horizontal
3 position with its 9middle C 2. A particle of mass
restitution is , and that the value of k is .
point C smoothly hinged to a fixed point, and released
5 7 inextensible sting w
from rest.
2. A(See the offigure.)
particle mass mUsing theonPrinciple
kg rests of
a rough horizontal table. It is connectedsmall
by Basmooth
light pulley
Conservation of Energy,
inextensible stingshow
whichthat the speed v to
is perpendicular of the 2m over a
theedge of the table and which passes
freely under gravity.
particles when the rodpulley
small smooth makes anat angle
fixed θ of
the edge with
the the
table, to a particle of mass 2m which hangs
2ga
horizontal is given by v2 = sinθ . 1
freely under gravity.
3 The coefficient of friction between the mass m and the table that
is the
. Show
tension in th
4
.............................................................................................................................................................
5
that the tension in the string as the system starts from rest, is mg .
6 3. A light rod AB has
.............................................................................................................................................................
A and B. The rod i
3. A light rod AB has two particles of masses m and 2m, respectively attached to the two ends
.............................................................................................................................................................
hinged to a fixed p
A and B. The rod is held at rest in a horizontal position with its middle point Cthesmoothly horizontal at tim
.............................................................................................................................................................
hinged to a fixed point, and the rod then moves in a vertical plane making an angle q with
the horizontal at time t. Using the principle of conservation of energy, show that speed
.............................................................................................................................................................
the angularof the rod is g

dq 2 g sin q
.............................................................................................................................................................
speed of the rod is given by = .
dt 3a 4. Two cars A and B m
.............................................................................................................................................................

t = 0, the speeds o
4. Two cars A and B move along a straight road in parallel lanes in the same direction. At time
4. Two cars A and B move along a straight road in parallel lanes in the same direction. At time t = 0,
u constant speed u an
the cars A and t = 0B, pass a bridge
the speeds of with
A andspeeds B are uu and and , respectively.
respectively. Car TheAcar moves
A moves with withthe samethe same
4 5u
constant speed u and car B moves with constant acceleration until it reaches the speed at t = T and m
at
constant speed u and the car B moves with constant acceleration until it reaches 4the speed
time t = T, and maintains that speed afterwards. In the same diagram, sketch the velocity - time
5u time graphs for the
graphs for the4 motionsat t = Tofand car maintains
A and car B. that speed afterwards. In the same diagram, sketch the velocity
time at which the sp
Hence, obtain an equation to determine the time taken by B to overtake
time graphs for the motions of the car A and the car B until B overtakes A. Hence, find the A.

time at which the speeds of the cars are equal.

.............................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

- 11 -
5. A train of mass 300 metric tons is moving in a straight level track, with constant speed 15 m s−1

and the resistance to motion is 50 N per metric ton. Find the power of the train in kilowatts.
Rear coach of mass 50 metric tons gets dislodged while the tractive force of the engine is unaltered.
Find the acceleration of the remaining portion of the train.
.............................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................................

6. In usual notation, let 4i + j , l i + µ j and i + 5 j be the position vectors of three points A, B

6. In the usual notation, let 4i + j, λi + μ j and i + 5j be the position vectors of three points
and C respectively, with respect to a fixed origin O, where l and µ are positive constants.
A, B and C respectively, with respect to a fixed origin O, where λ and μ are positive constants. The
The diagonals
diagonals of quadrilateral
of the the quadrilateral
OABCOABC are equal
are equal andand
in length perpendicular to each
perpendicular other.
to each Write
other. Write
down AB in
down AC termsofofi iand
interms j. Using
and scalar
j. Using product,
vectors, showshow thatl λ==44 and
that and μµ==3.3.

8. .............................................................................................................................................................
A particle of mass m is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle a to the horizontal
satisfying the condition that tan a > µ , where µ is the coefficient of friction. The particle is
.............................................................................................................................................................

held in equilibrium with a force P applied upwards to the particle along a line of greatest
.............................................................................................................................................................
slope of the plane. Show that mg (sin a - µ cosa ) £ P £ mg (sin a + µ cosa ) .
.............................................................................................................................................................

9. Find the probability that the sum of the number of dots obtained in at most 3 tosses of an

unbiased standard die with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 dots marked on its six faces is exactly 6.

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics
10. The mean and the mode of the set of seven
- 12 -
numbers a, b, 4, 5, 7, 4 and 5 are equal, where a
and b are positive integers. Find the values of a and b, and show that the variance of the
and C respectively, with respect to a fixed origin O, where l is a real constant. Show that
the diagonals of the quadrilateral OABC intersect orthogonally. Find values of l such that
ABC is an equilateral triangle.
5. A train of mass 300 metric tons is moving in a straight level track, with constant speed
7. A smooth uniform rod AB of length 2a and weight W which passes
15 m 7.s-1 and
A the resistances
smooth uniform to rod
motion
AB isof50length
N per2aton.and
Find the power
weight of thegoes
W which inB
trainthrough a small light
through a small smooth ring P has its end A on a smooth
kilowatts. smooth ring P has its end A on a smooth horizontal ground and the other end B in contact
horizontal ground and the other end B in contact with a smooth
Rear coachwith
of mass 50 tons
a smooth gets dislodged
vertical wall. Theandrodthe tractive
is kept force of the at
in equilibrium, engine is unaltered.
an angle !
to the horizontal,
vertical wall. The rod is kept in equilibrium, at an angle 60-2° to the 60 P
Show that inthea acceleration
vertical planeof Wthe remaining
perpendicularportion
to theof the
wall train
by a is 1
lightcm s and that
inextensible the
string rear
which connects
horizontal, in a vertical plane perpendicular to the wall by a light
coach comes to rest O
after moving awhere
distance
O is2250 m. at which the plane W meets the common edge of
theinextensible
point string
to the which
ring, connects
thethe ring to the point O as shown
point

ground
in theand diagram.
the wall.Show Show that that OPˆ A = 90! .and write down equations O A
6. In usual notation, let 3i + 4 j , l j and - 3i + 4 j be the position vectors of three points A, B
Letsufficient
C be the to determine
point such that theOACB
tension is of the string.By taking moments about C, find the tension
a rectangle.
and C respectively, with respect to a fixed origin O, where l is a real constant. Show that a
of the
the diagonals
string. [Assume that the perpendicular distance from C to the string is .]
............................................................................................................................................................
of the quadrilateral OABC intersect orthogonally. Find values of l such that 2
ABC is8.anA equilateral mass m is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle a to the horizontal
particle of triangle.
............................................................................................................................................................
satisfying the condition tan a > µ , where µ is the coefficient of friction. The particle is
............................................................................................................................................................
7. A smooth held
uniform rod AB of with
in equilibrium lengtha force
2a andP weight
applied W which to
upwards goes thethrough
particle aalongsmalla light
line of greatest
smooth ............................................................................................................................................................
ringslope
P has its end
of the plane.A onShow a smooth
that mghorizontal
(sin a - µground
cosa ) £and P £themgother
(sin a end B ina contact
+ µ cos ).
with a smooth vertical wall. The rod is kept in equilibrium, at an angle 60 ! to the horizontal,
............................................................................................................................................................
in a vertical plane
9. Find W perpendicular
the probability that thetosum the ofwalltheby a lightofinextensible
number dots obtained string
in atwhich
most connects
3 tosses of an
............................................................................................................................................................
the point Ounbiased
to the ring, wheredie O is the1,point W meets
standard with 2, 3,at4,which
5, andthe plane
6 dots marked on itsthesixcommon
faces isedge exactlyof 6.
ground 10.
and the wall. Show that OPˆ A = 90! .
............................................................................................................................................................
Let C be the point such that OACB is a rectangle. By taking moments about C, find the tension
............................................................................................................................................................
a
of the string. [Assume that the perpendicular distance from C to the string is .]
2
............................................................................................................................................................
8. A particle of mass m is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle a to the horizontal
8. A particle of mass m is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle α to the horizontal, where
satisfying the condition tan a > µ , where µ is the coefficient of friction. The particle is
the coefficient of friction between the plane and the particle is μ (< tan α). The particle is held
held in equilibrium
in equilibrium
with a with
forceaPforce P applied
applied upwardsupwards
to the to the particle
particle along aalong
line aofline of greatest slope of the
greatest
slope of the plane.
plane. Show
Show that
that mg (sin a - µ cosa ) £ P £ mg (sin a + µ cosa ) .

............................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

- 13 -
The diagonals of the quadrilateral OABC are equal and perpendicular to each other. Write

down AB in terms of i and j. Using vectors, show that l = 4 and µ = 3.

7. A smooth uniform rod AB of length 2a and weight W which goes through a small light
9. Find the probability that the sum of the number of dots obtained in at most three tosses
smooth ring P of
hasanitsunbiased
end A on a smooth
standard horizontal
die with 1, 2, 3, ground
4, 5 andand the marked
6 dots other end B in
on its sixcontact
faces, is exactly six.
!
with a smooth vertical wall. The rod is kept in equilibrium, at an angle 60 to the horizontal,
...........................................................................................................................................................
in a vertical plane perpendicular to the wall by a light inextensible string which connects the
...........................................................................................................................................................
ring to the O point shown in the diagram. Show that OPˆ A = 90! and write an equation or
equations to ...........................................................................................................................................................
determine the tension of the string.
...........................................................................................................................................................
8. A particle of mass m is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle a to the horizontal
...........................................................................................................................................................
satisfying the condition that tan a > µ , where µ is the coefficient of friction. The particle is
...........................................................................................................................................................
held in equilibrium with a force P applied upwards to the particle along a line of greatest
plane. Show that mg (sin a - µ cosa ) £ P £ mg (sin a + µ cosa ) .
slope of the ...........................................................................................................................................................

10. The mean and the mode of the set of seven numbers a, b, 4, 5, 7, 4 and 5 are equal, where a
10. The mean and the mode of the seven numbers a, b, 4, 5, 7, 4 and 5 are equal, where a and b are
and b are positive integers. Find the values of a and b, and show that the variance of the
positive integers. Find the values of a and b, and show that the variance of the seven numbers
is
6.
seven numbers is .
7
...........................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

- 14 -
11. (a) A particle projected from a point O on a horizontal ground with a velocity u = 2 ga
11. (a) A particle projected æ fromp aö point O on a horizontal ground with a velocity u = 2 ga
making an angle q ç 0 < q < ÷ to the horizontal, moves under gravity and hits a target at a
æ pö
making an angleæè q 0 < qp2<öø to the horizontal, moves under gravity 11. (a) andAhits particle
a target projected
at a from a point O o
making an angle q ç 0 <çè q < ÷ 2to÷ø the horizontal, moves under gravity and hits a target at a
point P. The horizontal è and 2 ø vertical distances of P measured from O are a and ka,
11. (a) A particle projected from a point O on a horizontal ground with a velocity u =æ 2 ga p ö
point P. The horizontal and from vertical distances on of P measured 2 from making
O are ana angle and uka, q ç0 < q < ÷ to the hor
point 11.
respectively, P. (a)TheA where particle
horizontal k isprojected
aand constantvertical (seeadistances
point
the O of
figure).
PartShow PaBhorizontal
measured
that tan ground
from q -O 4 with
tan q+
are
11.
aa4velocity
(a)
kand
A
=ka,
+ 1particle 0 =è projected 2 ga 2 øfrom a poin
respectively, where k is æ constant
a p ö(see the figure). Show that 2tan 2 q - 4 tan q + 4k + 1 = 0
respectively, making where an kangle3 is a qconstant çæ0 < q <(see p ÷ö to thethe horizontal,
figure). Showmoves that tan under q -gravity tan q +and
4point P.4k Thehits
+ 1 =ahorizontal
0target at a
and deducemaking that k an £ angle . qèç 0 < q < 2 ø÷ to the horizontal, moves under gravity and hits a target at æaand vertical p ö
di
1. (a) A particle11. projected
(a) A from a projected
particle point4 O3on from aè horizontal
a point O ground
2 ø OOon on a with
horizontal a velocity
ground u =
with 2a ga velocity u = =2an
making ga2angle q 0 <q < to th
11.11.and (a) A
(a) Aparticle
deduce particlethat kprojected
3£ . from
projected froma apoint point on aa horizontal
horizontal ground ground with with aa velocity velocity
from O uare a ga iska,açè constant2 ÷ø(see t
k making
and deduce point that P.k £The. 4horizontal and vertical distances of P measuredrespectively, where and
æ let kpoint p11 ö P. æ4 horizontal,
The horizontalp öpangle and vertical distances of P measured from O are a and ka,
making an angleNow, making
q çmaking an
an<=angle
angle
0 < q respectively, ÷ . Show
to11 q
the ç0 æthat
<
where q<<qthe k<÷isto to
movesthe
öa the horizontal,
between
under(see
horizontal,
constant thethe
gravity moves
two
moves and
figure). under
possible
hits Show
under gravity
directions
agravity
target that at
and and
aand
tanof hits
hits qhitsa- atarget
2 projection is
point target
4atan q at
P. +Thekat k£a+a3point
4aat .= 0 P. and verti
1horizontal
è
Now, let 2an
k16
11ø = angle . è q
Show ç 0 that2 ø the ÷ to
angle the horizontal,
between the moves
two under
possible gravity
directions and deduce
of projection
that
target is
Now, let k = .16 respectively, where
Show èthat the k is
2 a constant (see figure).
ø between the two possible directions of projection is
angle Show that tan 2
q - 4 tan q + 4 k +4 1 =0
The 16 horizontal and 3vertical distances of P measured from O are a and
respectively, ka, respectively,
where k is a constant
point P. The horizontal point æ 4 ö
andand deducevertical thatdistances
k and£ 3. vertical of P measured distances from of P O are a and ka,O are a and11ka,
ç P.÷and The horizontal measured from
-1
tan .P.
point
è
The
-1 æø 4 ö deduce that k £
19
horizontal 4and . vertical distances of12.P(a) measured from Now, O let are ka= and. Show ka, that the angle bet
3
where
tanæ 4 çö ÷ . kwhere is(see
k aisktheconstant.figure).Show
4
(seethat
qShow- 4Show q +that k + 1q=2-04 tan and qand +deduce kdeduce 116+=10that that k £ .
2
respectively, where kç is a÷ . constant
respectively, Showthe that tan tanthat 4tan 2
+
19 ø where aisconstant (see figure). 4+
-1
tan respectively,
è 11 a constant the figure). tan q - 4 tan q 4 k = 0
è 19 Now,
ø let k = 11. Show that the angle between the two possible directions of projection is 4B
3 -1 æ 4 ö of projection is
and deduce that k and £ deduce. Now,Now, thatletletk k£ =316 . 3.. ShowShow that that the the angleangle between betweenthe thetwo twopossible
possibletan directions
directions ç ÷ . of projection 11 is
and
4 deduce that k £16
4 4 19 ø let k = . Show that the ang
èNow,
-1 æ 4 ö 16
12. (a) (b)11An airporttan A is çæsituated
4 ÷ö. at an angle q East of South, at a distance d from an airport B.
-111
Now, let k = (b) .Now,
Show
An that
let
airporttan
k =the èAç19 is øsituated
.11
angle ÷ . between
Show that at anthethe angle
angle twoq between
possible
East directions
the
of South, twoat of projection
possible
a distance directions
ddirections
from is anofairport projection æ 4 öis is
-1 B.
16On
(b) Now,
An aairportcertain letAdayisk16 =19
èsituated
anøair . Show at anthat
plane angle
flies the q angle
East of
directly between
fromSouth, A tothe atBa with two
distancepossible
a speed d from an airport
u relative tooftan projection
B.
the çwind÷ .
B
16 A is situated at an angle θ East of South, at a distance d from
On(b) An airport
a certain day an air plane flies directly from A to B with a speed u relative to the è 19wind øan airport B.
-1 æ 4 ö which
On blows
a -certain
æ 4 ö from
day an Northair at
plane a velocity
flies v
directly ( < u ) .
from SketchA to the
B velocity
with a triangle
speed u for
relative this to flight,
the
(b) An airportAA is situated at an C and
wind angle q Eas
tan ç ÷ . ç -1On ÷4. aö÷certain
æblows day, anatair plane flies v (<directly fromthe A tovelocity
B with triangle a speed ufor relative to theand wind which
1
tan
which . from North a velocity u ) . Sketch this flight,
è 19 ø whichtan è 19çè ø19from
blows ø from North at a velocity v (< u ) . Sketch the dvelocity triangle for
On this
a this flight,
certain and
dayand an air plane
(b)
show thatblows
Antheairport
time taken ANorth
isto at afrom
situated
fly velocity
at an A toanglevB(< is u).
q East Sketch of South,the velocity at a distancetriangle
. d for
from anflight,
airport B. show that flies directly
(b) that An the airport Ataken
is situated at an A angle qisuEast
2
- vofsin
2 South,
2 d
q - vatcos a distance
q triangle d fromblows an airport B.
show the time to from
flyplanefrom to Bdirectly dA . which v (<
show thatOn theatimetimecertain
12. taken
taken(a) day to
to anfly
flyair from AA to BB is
toflies is 2from 2 B with. .a speed
to The (b)u ABC relative
An infrom
airport thethe
to ANorth
given
iswind atfigure
situated a velocity
represen
at an angle
12. (a)
On a certain day an air plane flies directly u - v 2
sin q - v cos q
u - v from
2 2
sin qA -tov cos
2 B withq a speed
gravity
u relative to the wind
of au uniform smooth wedge of mass 3
On the following which A blows day, from the plane NorthfliesCat aback velocity directlyv (< ufrom ) . Sketch B Bto Athewith velocitya speed triangle
show On for
relative
athe this
certain to flight, dayand an toair
flyplane flies
to Bd
b) An airport A (b) is situated
An atA
airport anfew
which Aangle
is days
blows qday,
situated East
later,
from at ofan
the South,
angle
Northplane at q
at aEast
flies
a distance
back
velocity of South,d<B
directly
v ( from
u )at. aandistance
from
Sketch airport
B to
the AB.
d from
with
velocity a an speed 2 that
airport
triangle
u
u for B.
relative
this
time
to
taken
flight, the wind
and
from A
On
(b) the the
Anfollowing following
airport A day, is situated the plane
at anflies angleflies q East
back directly
of South,from at
from B to
a distance A with a speed
d from an airport relative
B. to
p a velocit
On the plane back directly B to A with d a speed which relative
2 blows
to from North at
On a certain day On an aira showflies
plane
certain daythatan theairtime
directly plane taken
from fliesAtotodirectly
flyB from
withfrom A to
v B
a speed A istou Brelative
with a to the
the
speed face
wind
u relativecontaining
2. to the it. Also BAˆ C = . The w
wind
On a which
certain blows
day anfrom air South
plane at
flies a velocity
directly .
from SketchA to the
B velocity
with ad speed triangle u for
relative the to return
the windjourney and
Thethe wind which show that blows thefrom timeSouth taken atto arepresents
velocity
fly from A to . vertical
Sketch
Bv is ufor
the
- vvelocity q -triangle for
q the . the thereturn planeto3flies
2 2 2
triangle ABC in the given figure 2vatriangle cross sinsection v cos through
On following centre day, thetaken back
which blows fromwhich North
the windat awhich
blows velocity
from North
blows v (<from uat) a. Sketch
velocity
South the
at va (velocity
< u )
velocity. Sketch . the
Sketch u 2 this
velocity
- the
v 2 flight,
q
triangle
velocity
sin 2
- and
v for
triangle
cos q this showflight,
for the that and the
return time fly from
the windwhichwhichshow blows that from
blows thefrom timeSouth
North taken
at a velocity
atto afly from
velocity v (<Bu )to.. Sketch
A is twice
Sketch
2 the as
the much
velocity
velocity on as the time
triangle
triangle
a smooth for taken
for this from
flight,
the return
horizontal u of A
and to
floor. B. A particle of m
gravity
journey of aand uniform
On show
the following smooth
that the time wedge
day, the of
taken mass
to
plane fly from3m2. BThe to Aline AB
is twice isasaB much
line
to Aof asgreatest
thea time slope
taken
d flies back directly d from with speed u relative to
show that the timeshow taken
journey toOn
that fly
and
the thefrom
show
time A that
taken
following to Bto isday,
the totime
fly from
the taken
A totoBto
plane fly
isB is
flies from
back B . to A C
directly isdfrom
twiceB as to. much
A with thetheas athe
wind speed time2 taken
which relative
blows from to South at a velo
fromshow
journey A toand that
B. show the time
that the taken time fly2 from
taken p
A 2to A 2 Afrom
fly 12. B2 q(a)
to
C 2A is 2twice asvelocity much .as u along time taken
ABfollowing
2 . Assuming that the part
ˆ u - v sin q - v cos
u - v sin q - v cos q On the day, the plane flie
the facefrom A to B. it. Also BAC = . The wedge uis -placed
containing vv sin with q - v cos theqface containing AC
2 2 2
from A to the B. wind which blows from3 South at a velocity v . Sketch taken the velocity thetriangle fortothe return
12. (a) The
the triangle
wind which ABCblows in thefrom given Southfigure at represents
athevelocity 2a Bverticalu
. Sketch the avelocity
by journey particle
and show
utriangle Bthe come
that theto time
rest relative
taken to fl to
On the followingOn day,thethefollowing
plane fliesday, backthe directly
Theplane triangle from
flies back
ABC B to A
directly
in with a speed
from
given figure to A relative
with
represents to
speed
a vertical ucrossfor
relative to
section returnthrough the centre
on a smooth On the cross following section Theday, triangle
through theAplane ABCthe time flies
in the
centre back
given
gravitydirectlym is from
figure 2uniform
arepresentsB2toatA athe with
vertical afromspeed
cross section relative through to blows the centre
to flyof
horizontal floor. particle of mass placed point A2Athe andto windgiven which aparticle from South at
journey and show that the taken from B to A isNow, twicesuppose as much asB.thethe
2that time taken gets glued to
gravity gravity of a uniform smooth wedge of
B to3of mass
m is 3 m . The line AB is a line of greatest
slope ofslope of
velocity u along smooth
journey wedge
AB
and
.
show
Assuming ofofthat a uniform
mass the3m.
vthat timesmooth
the The taken linewedge
particle
tovAB fly from
does isofnot
amassline
leave
A . The
the
twice lineasAB
wedge,
much is a as
find
linetheoftime
the time
greatest taken
the wind which blows thethe wind from
fromwhich A
Southblows to B.
at a velocity
from South . Sketch
at aatvelocitythe velocity v
. Sketchtriangle thethe for the return
velocity
p velocity triangle for journey
thethe and show that the utime take
return

wind from which
greatest slope A to blows
B. of the
from
the 2South
face containing
face containing
a velocity
it.BA
it. 2 Also
Also
. Sketch
p ˆ C = AB. and
speed AB of the
triangle
= awedge wedge
. The is
for
wedge at this
return
is with instantwith
placed is the , find
face t
taken by the particle to thecome face containing
to rest relative it. Also to the C2 = BAand
ˆ wedge.
3 . = a . The from A placed
to B. the face 8
that theThe wedge is
to placed withB tothe face containing 3 AC
isontwicea as much
journey and show journey and time show taken that fly time
the from taken Atois twice
fly from asBmuch toB A as the time taken
journey and show that the time taken to fly from toisA twice glued as much toAas the
as move
itGiven
to
time
the time taken C
taken
a further distance
Now, suppose that the particle
containing gets
containing
AC on glued
a ACsmoothon to a the
smooth wedge
horizontal in
horizontal
floor. thisA position.
floor.
particle A particle
of mass ofm that
mass
is placedmtheis atplaced the point at theAd.point A
from A to B. from smooth
from A to B.
A to B. horizontal floor. A particle of mass m is placed at
the pointatAand andgiven givenanda agiven velocity
velocity ua velocity along
uualong u ABalong AB
Assuming
. Assuming The . Assuming thatwedge
that AB
the that
isparticlethe
smooththeparticle andparticle
does the
not does not
particle
leave the leave
does the
wedge, wedge,c
speed of the wedge this instant is , find the time taken bytriangle
the ABC in
with given
the figure represents a vertical
8 time (b) Atobead P of mass m is free and to move on
thataline
sm
not leave find the wedge, thefind time find
the
taken the by
time thetaken
taken by the
particle by particle
the
to come particletotocome
gravity toofcome
rest arelative
uniform to rest
rest relative
tosmooth
therelative to wedge
wedge the toand the
wedge ofshowwedge.
massthat show
3mthe. The the A
glued to it toNow,
movesuppose
a further
speedthatdistance
the wedged.atwedge
particle gets
thisglued toisthe wedge .which
.is in this is fixed
position. Findinalso
a vertical
the timeplane. The bead i
ofspeed
the of the at this
instant instant
p taken
the face containing it. Also BAˆ C = and AB = a . The w

by the wedge
Now,with the particle
Now,
suppose suppose
that the glued
that to
themove
particle getsanglued
particle additional
getstoglued distance
theand d. thisfrom
to released
wedgethe inwedge in this position.
a slightly
position. theFind
3 displaced
Find timethe positi
time

is freebytaken
(b) A bead P of mass m taken tothe by the
move
wedge awedge
on with thewith
smooth the particle
circular
particle wiretoglued
containing
glued ofmove
OP toon
AChas
radius amove
aasmooth
and
turned
distance a distance
ahorizontal
centre
fromO
through athefrom
floor.
an angle theAthe
instant qinstant
particle
is giventhe
ofbm
(b) A bead P of mass particle
m is freegot to glued
move to along a smooth circular wire of radius a and centre O which
particle plane.
which is fixed in a vertical got gluedThe to bead isthe
the wedge. heldwedge.
at theand upper-most
givenFind point
a velocity
the uA along
speed ofof thethe
ABwire . Assuming
bead and the that the partio
reaction
is fixed in a vertical plane. The bead is held at the upper-most point A of the wire and released
and
releasedfrom
from a slightly displaced position. Show findthe
that the speed
time taken
v of by
thethe beadparticle
when to come to rest relative t
rest at a (b)
slightly
A displaced
bead P of mass position.
m is Show
free to that on
move theaB.
speed
smooth of the bead
v circular wire when OP ahas
(b) A bead P of mass m is free to 2move onspeed a smooth
of thecircular
wedge wire radius isaradius
at thisofinstant
of andOcentre O
and. centre

OP has turned
turned through
through anan angleq θisisgiven
angle givenby by v = 2 ga (1 - cosqAs ). P reaches the point B, it collides and coale
which iswhich
fixed isinfixed in a vertical
a vertical plane. The plane. The
bead bead
issuppose
held atis the
held at the upper-most
thatB.upper-most point A point
of theAwireof the wire
Find the speed of the bead when the bead reachesNow, the lowest point the
As particle
P reaches gets
theglued
point toB, the wedge i
Find the speed of the bead and andthe reaction
released fromon it whendisplaced
a slightly at rest at
the beadposition.
reaches B.lowest
the
Show Show that
that thepoint speed thev composite
of the bead bead
when Q
it collides and and released
coalescesfrom witha slightly
another displaced
bead of mass mby which
position.
taken Show
the is at the
that
wedge restspeed
with attheB.particle
vShow
of thethat
bead
glued the
when
to move a d
B. q is =- 2cos pq ) . Also show that
composite OP Q OP
beadhas comeshastothrough
turned turned through
instantaneous
an angle an qwhen
rest angle OQ
particle
is given has
got
bygiven
v 2 =by
turned
glued
turned through an angle . v(21wedge.
2through
to the
ga ga )-. cos
anq(1angleAlso show that
As P reaches the point B, it collides and coalesces with another bead of mass m2 which is 3
2 q= .
reactionreaction on the
on the bead bead changes
changes its direction
its direction when coswhen
q = cos
. 3 OQ
at rest at B. Show that the composite bead Q comes (b) to instantaneous
A bead P of mass3 mwhen
rest is free has on a smooth circular w
to move
p and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations
Structure of Question Papers - 2019 Afterwards
which is fixed - Combined
in a vertical plane.Mathematics
The bead is held at the u
turned through an angle .
3 - 15 - and released from a slightly displaced position. Show that
OP has turned through an angle q is given by v 2 = 2
theattached
the
the system
system
system tohangsthehangs
hangs end inin inofequilibrium.
the string Show
equilibrium.
equilibrium. begins Show
Show tothat
that move.
that thethe the Obtain
extension
extension
extension the
ofof equation
of
the the
the string
string
string satisfied
inin in
this this
this by position
position
position the is length is 2a.
is
2a. 2a. g
Now,
Now,
attached one
Now, one
Now, to the ofone
ofthe
one the
end ofparticles
of particles
of
g the
the
g the particles
particlesstringgetsgets gently
gently
gets
gets
begins detached
gently
gently
to detached
move. detached
detached and
Obtain and thethe
and
and
the remaining
remaining
the
the
equation remaining
remaining particle
particle
satisfied of
particle
particle by xof mass
of mass
the of
of
the m, m,still
mass
mass
string
length still
m,
m, !x! + ( x
still
asstill
xxof of the
thestring Now,as
string as one!x!x!++of ((the xx--2particles aa))==00.. gets gently detached and the remaining particle of mass m, stilla
2string
attached
attached attached
attached totothe the to
to end endthe
the a aofend
of
gend the the ofof string
the string
the begins
stringbegins totomove.
begins
begins move.to move.
to Obtain
move. Obtain the
Obtain
Obtain theequation
equation
the equation
the equation satisfied
satisfied satisfied
satisfied bybythe bylength
the
by length
the length
the length
Now, Now,
Now,
x ofone the one
one attached
of
stringofof
thethe the to!x! +the (end
particles
particles
particles
as xgets -gets2ofagently
gets )the =
gently 0string
gently . detached beginsand
detached
detached toand
and move.
the the
the Obtain the
remaining
remaining
remaining equation
particle
particle
particle ofof of satisfied
mass mass
mass m,m, m, by
still still
still the length
gg gg
athe gg Re-writing this equation in
13. One end ofattachedaattached
attached
xlight
xofofthe
Re-writing
Re-writing xto
xthe to
ofto
the
string
elastic
of this the
string
the
the
this end end
endasas
string
string
equation
equation of!xof !of +!as
the
!xof +the
as in string
natural
in x+
!x(!x!the +
the x--form
(string
string ( a2(glength
begins
2form xx ==
begins
a)begins
)-
- 20!X
2
X !a.0!)to
a +.+=a=
) wto
to
wmove.
00
and
.
X.move.
22move.
X = = Obtain
modulus
0 0 , Obtain
Obtain
where
, where the
mgww the
the is== equation
equation
22equation
attached
, , and
and Xsatisfied
satisfied
satisfiedXto = =a xx by
fixed
- - 2a by
2a by ,the the
the
, identify
identify length
length
length
x of the string aas a !x!a+a ( x - 2a) = 02 . 2 aa g
g ggofelastic ! ! + w X =length tow the = other =attached -the
x13.
point O. Two equal
of One particles,
endthisofequation each inmass the astring m areXfastened together , andend mgXisP, xand
!x! a+!x!x!light 0=.00.. of natural a and modulus to a fixed
Re-writing form 0, where 2a,centre identify C of simple harm
thexx of
of
the the
centre the
the
centre string
string
stringCCof of as asas
simple
simple ++harmonic
( x((-xx2--a22)aa=oscillations.
harmonic )=
)oscillations. a g g gg
the system point
hangs inRe-writing
equilibrium. Two equal aShow aequation
particles, inthat the each extension X!mass
ofform
!X!!++ww !X!of
2 !X+are
2
=w=fastened
w
+Xthe string in wthis
togetherw ==position
2 2
wwto,wthe =2 and ,,gis X2a.=end=xX x-P-=2a formula X!
== 00=,,where =,and =aother Xof=the x -string
Re-writing
Re-writing Re-writingO.this thisequation equation
this
this aequation inthe the in
in formform
the
the form Xm 0,0X
22
where
2, where where 22
Xand
and X =2a xx, -,-
identify
identify
2a,the identify
, identify
+ wXamplitude Assuming 2a
the centreRe-writing
Assuming
Assuming C
the
the of simple
formula
formula this XX !!equation
harmonic 22
==ww22((A Ain
22 the
--XX22form
oscillations. )),, findfind X!!thethe X
amplitude 0, where A A a
of
of a this
this a simple
simple, and harmonic
harmonic 2a, identify
Re-writing and this thethis system hangs g stringain thismotion.
Re-writing
Re-writing
thethe
Assuming
motion. centre
centre
the
the C this
C
the
centre
centre of of equation
equation
equation simple
simple
formula
CC of
of simple
simple in
inharmonic !in2the
in
the
harmonic
X
equilibrium.
the
= form
w
harmonic
harmonic form
form 2
( A X !2! -
oscillations. X
oscillations. w
X
Show
++2w 2 222 that the extension
X!!oscillations.
!+ w)X ,
oscillations. X =
X
find =
0=,0where
0the
, where
,where w
amplitude
2 222 g
ww = == ofg ,Athe,,of
and and
and X XX
this =x=-xx2a
=simple --position
2a2a identify
, harmonic is 2a.
identify
,, identify
Now, one of motion.
the particles gets
Now, one of the particles
the centre Cgentlyof simple detached gets
harmonic and
gently the remaining
detached
oscillations. particle
and the remaining aa of
a mass m, still
particle of mass m, still
attached tothe the Assuming
motion.Assuming
end Assuming
Assuming
of the the the
string formula
formula
the
the begins formula
formula X!to X!2 2=move. w
=XX !!w22(!2== A ww
(2Obtain
A -(-(XA
2 222
2AX22)2-the
-,2) X
,find
X 22
find)) ,2, the
equation theamplitude
find
find amplitude
the amplitude
the
satisfied amplitude AAofthe
by ofA this
Athis ofsimple
of
length simple
this
this simple
simple harmonic
harmonic harmonic
harmonic
the
the centre
attached centre
centre C CC
of
Assumingofof
simple simple
simple
to the the harmonic
harmonic
harmonic
endformula of the string X =w
oscillations.
oscillations.
oscillations. begins (A - to Xmove. ) , find Obtain the equation
the amplitude A for ofAtthis motion
thesimple point of P, harmonic
C, a vertical
At
At the
motion.
motion.
the point
point
motion.
motion. g C,
C, aa vertical
vertical ! impulse 222 2 222is
2impulse
! ! 2 applied
is 22 2 222 to
2applied to the
the particle
particle soso that
that its
its velocity
velocity isis doubled.
doubled.
Assuming
Assuming
Assuming
Show thethe(the formula
-formula
formula X.,ofX X= w
where ==ww ( A((Aa) A- is-X-the XX) , )length,, find
)find find ofthe
the the amplitude
amplitude
amplitude A AA ofof of this this
this simple simple
simple Show harmonic
harmonic
harmonic that the equation of
isthe string.
x of the string motion.
!x! +point ) = 0of x(≥
Atasthe
Show that
that the
the xequation
C, 2aavertical
equation impulse
motion,
motion, whileis applied
while the
the string to the
string isparticle
taut,
taut, remains so thatthe
remains its same
the velocity
same and andisthat doubled.
that the
the
motion.
motion.
motion. a amplitude of this motion is
Show
amplitude
AtAtthe
amplitude Find
the
Atthat
At point
of the
point
the
the
of the
this
this C,equation
centre
point C,
motion
point motion C
a avertical
C,
C, and
vertical
aaisis of the
vertical
vertical motion,
amplitude
impulse
55impulse
aa2.. impulse impulse while
isisof applied theapplied
this
applied
is
is string
simple
applied totothe the is
harmonic
to taut,
toparticle
particle remains
the particle
the motion.
sosothat
particle thatso
so theits itssame
that
that velocity
velocity and
its velocity
its velocity isthat
isdoubled. the
doubled.
is doubled.
is doubled.
At the point C, a vertical impulse
!! + w X = 0, where w = , and X = x - 2a, identify is applied
2 g to the particle so that its velocity is doubled.
Re-writing this Show equation
amplitude
Show that
that
Show that of in
thethis
the the
that the equation form
motion
equation
the equation equation of X of
is of motion,
5
motion, a .
of motion, motion, whilewhilewhile the the
while the string
string
thea string is is taut,
stringais taut, remains
remains
isæ ptaut,
taut, remains remains the the same
same and and that
that the
the the
Hence
At At
At thethethe At
Show
point the
Show
point
point C,point
C,
C, a that
a a
vertical
C, a
the
vertical
vertical verticalequation
impulse impulse
impulse
impulse of
is isis is
motion,
applied applied
applied
applied to while
to to
to
the the
the
the the particle
string
particle
particle
particle so
a so æso
so ispthat
that taut,
that
that its
its velocity
1remains
its
its velocity 22 ööthe
æævelocity
velocity öthe
öisHence
the
is
sameshow
same
trebled.
isis same
and that
and
doubled.
doubled.
doubled. Show
and
that
that thestring
the
that the
Hence show
show that
that the
the string
string becomes
becomes is 5is slack
slack after
after a a total
total time
time ç ç
ççremains ++ sin
sin
-- 1
ç ç ÷ ÷÷ ÷ . .
÷÷ öand
amplitude
amplitude amplitude
amplitude ofof thisthis ofmotion
of motion
this
this motion
ofmotion ismotion, 5isawhile
a. .5while 5 aa..thethe æ2p thethe 1 æsame øøøö÷and
the centre Show
CShow of simple harmonic oscillations. g aèremains
gremains 2the 52øthat
Show
Hence that
thatthat
that the
show the the
the
amplitude centre
that equation
equation
equation the of
of the
this
string of ofmotion,
motion,motion,
motion
becomes iswhile
while slack 5theaafter the
.string string
string
string a is
total is is
taut is taut,
taut,
taut,
remains
time è ç same,
+ sin the
è-èsame
andç 5same ÷÷ .and
thethat that
that thethe
amplitude the
Assumingamplitude
the formula ! 2
=the wparticle
2
( Ais-isisX
2 2
,.aafind thewhen amplitude A of this ç
g aèsimple Find the speed of the partic
amplitude
amplitude
Find
Find the
the ofshow
speed
ofHence
this
speed of
ofthisX this
this
of
motion
of motion
the motion
motionis 3a.
particle 5
at
at 55)the
a
the . slack
.instant
instant when the
the string
string becomes
becomes æ paa ææharmonic
a2æslack.
p
slack. ppæè-p1-æ15æ2ø2-ø-1ö1ææö÷ .ö÷2æ2. 2ööööö ö
Hence
Hence show
Hence show thatthat
show that thethe string
that the string
the string becomes
becomes
string becomes becomes slack slack after
after
slack after a atotaltotal
after aa total time
time
total time ç ç +
timeç ç +ççççsin++çsin a
sin ç ÷çç÷-1÷ ÷÷÷÷÷÷.. ÷ .
time 2gg 22çç è sin + sin
Find the Hence è-gè1 æ--1-11æ2æ 12è2ö ö5öö5öøöèèø øçè55 øø5øø÷ø ÷
motion. show that the at string becomes slack theafter a total
speed of the particle the instant when string becomes
a æagpægæèppè2slack.
a è ø
Hence
Hence Hence Hence
show show
show show
that that
that the that
the
the the string
string
string
string becomes becomes
becomes becomes slack slack
slack slack
after after
after after
a total atotal
aatotal totaltime time ç çç + sin
time
time ç çç +++sin sin ç ççslack. ÷ ÷÷÷..÷÷÷÷÷..
Find
Findthe thespeed
Find
Find speed
Find the
the speed
the of
speed ofthe the of
of particle
speedisofapplied
particle
the particle
the atatthe
particle
the particle
the at
at instant
instant
the instant
the
at particle
when
instant
the instant
when the
when
when thestring
when
string
the string
the
the
becomes
becomes
string
g gstring becomes
becomes
èg2èè 22 becomes
slack.
slack. 3
slack.
è èè5 ø5slack. 5øøøøø
At the point
C, a Find vertical the
impulse
speed of the particle at
tothethe instant when
sothe that string
its velocity
becomes
is doubled.
slack. 14. (a) Let PQRS be a parallelog
Show 14.
14.(a)
that (a)
Find Let
Find
Find
the Let the PQRS
the
PQRS
the
equation speed
speed
speed bebe
ofofaaof parallelogram
of
the
motion,thethe
parallelogram particle
particle
particle while at at and
at
theand
the the the TT
instant
instant
string be
instant bethe the
iswhen
when point
whenpoint
taut, thethe on
the
on
string
remains QRQRsuch
string
string suchbecomes
becomes
the that
becomes that QT
same QT slack.
slack.
and ::TR
slack. TR that ==22the ::11..
14. (a) Let PQRS be a parallelogram and T be the point on QR such that QT : TR = 2 : 1Also, . let PQ = a and PS
amplitude of Also, this
Also, motion
let
let PQ PQis ==aa 5and anda . PS PS ==bb..Express Express PR PR and and ST STininterms termsof of aa and and bb..
14.
14.(a) (a)
14.
14. LetLet(a)PQRS
(a) PQRS
LetPQ
Let bebea aparallelogram
PQRS
PQRS =bea be
parallelogram
be aa parallelogram
parallelogram and andTand TbebeTthe
and PRTTthe be
be point
point
the
the on
point
point QR
ontermsQR onsuch
on QRathat
such
QR thatQT
such
such QT.: TR
that
that TR=:=
:QT
QT 2TR
:TR 2: 1:=.1=.22::11..
14. (a) Also,
14. Let(a) let PQRSLet PQRS a be
and parallelogram
PS = b . Express
a parallelogram and let and Tbebe
and athe
ST æthe pinpoint
pointon on of QR
-1 æ 2 ö ö
QRand such
suchbthat that QT : TR = 2 : 1.
Hence show that the string becomes slack after a total time çon +QR sin ç that ÷ ÷÷QT .
14.
14.14. (a)
(a)(a) Let Let
Let PQRS
Also,
Also, PQRS
PQRS
Also, be
letlet
Also,
Also, be
letPQ be
aPQlet
let =PQaaaand
aa=parallelogram
parallelogram
parallelogram
PQ and
==
and aa PS PS
and
and =and= b.
bPS
PS and and
b .= T=
. Express
Express
ExpressbTbTbe bebethe
.. Express the
the
vectors
Express PR point
PR point
point
and and
PR
PR gonçèST on QR
and
2
ST
and
and QR
inin such
terms
ST
ST such
such
termsinèthat
in
in ofthat
5oføQT
terms
terms
terms aøaof QT
and
ofand
of :aTR :TR
bTR
a:aand b=. .b
and
and 2=.:2b12b:..:Let
= 1.1.. U be the point of int
Let U be Also,
the point let of PQ =
intersection
Let U be the point of intersection of PR and ST. Suppose that PU a and PSof =PR b .andExpress ST. PR
Suppose and thatST in terms
PU ==llPR PR and b .
of a
and and
Find the speed of (b) the A system
particle =the = =aand of
at three
the instant forces when
b=.bbExpress
=
=intersection in the the 0xy-plane
string becomes act at the
slack. points indicated
a and
aand b..below:
Let Also,
Also,
Also, Letlet let
Ulet PQ
U
be PQbe
PQ
the apoint apoint and
and ofPS ofPS PS
intersection .. Express
Express ofofPR PR PR PR
PR andand
and and
and STST
ST.
ST. STSuppose
inin
Suppose in
terms terms
terms that
ofof
that ofa PU and=bl.bPR and SU = µ ST , where l an
and
SUSU ==µµST , where l and µ
ST , where l and µ are scalar constants. By considering the trianglePSU,
are scalar constants. By considering the triangle PSU,show show
Let
SU where
Let=UU be
µLet
Let ST λ
bethe
UU,the and
be
be
wherepoint
point μ
the point
the lof
point are
ofand ofscalar
intersection
intersection
ofµintersection
intersection
are constants.
scalar ofofPR PR ofand
of
constants. By
and
PRPRST. ST.considering
and
and By Suppose
Suppose
ST.
ST. Suppose
Suppose
considering that the
that that PUtriangle
that
the PU =PU =PU
triangle l lPR PSU,
PR== l l
and
PSU,andPR
PR showand
andshow that æ µ
Point Let U ææ be the
µ µ point of
öö Position Vector intersection of PR and ST. 33 Suppose
Force that PU = lthatPR (and
l - µ) a + çl + -
that lbe
U=-be
l µ the a++point llof ++of -- 11÷÷bbb==0=0 and ofand find
deduce the thatvalues llSuppose of
µµλ==and
=Suppose μ. PU
.. that
µµµST ,çèST
((U -be ))the
apoint 0and =By 3
showè
that
Let çST of intersection
lµintersection
l µand of deduce
PR and that ST. =:the lthe
= =PR lltriangle and
14. (a) Let PQRS Let beLet aSUUparallelogram
SU
that (l A
the
=SU
SU
- SU
==,point
ST µµ
µ ) a=+µçST
where
èwhere
æ and 3intersection
,, where
where
3
l +, where T and øand
ø
be l
öl the
- 1÷ b2l=a0and
µare
and are
point
i +and
µof
µ
scalarPR
scalar
are
are
5aµdeduce
PR
on and and
scalar
scalar
QR
jare scalar
ST.
constants.
constants. ST.
such Suppose
constants.
constants.
thatconstants. that
l=µ= F
ByQT 4that
By
4 By3that
considering
considering
: TR
By
PU
PU
considering
considering
= 2
. i +considering
3F j 1 . PR
PR and
triangle
the
the and triangle
triangle PSU,PSU,PSU,
the triangle PSU, show
show
showshow
PSU,
è land
læ lthree 3 ø 4
SUSU SU =(b) µ=ST
= µµAST ST,system
,, where
where where æof µand
and µµforces µµ
öµµöare
are are scalarinscalar
scalar theconstants.
0xy-plane
constants.
constants. By act
ByBy at the points
considering
considering
considering 33 the indicated
the
33the triangle triangle
triangle below:
PSU, PSU,
PSU, show show
show
Also, let PQ =that that
a and lthat
(Bl-PS
(that -µ((µl)l=)a--ab )lçaal++++æçæçll-æ+-+1PR
+µµ+.ç)Express 1b÷ b-µ=
÷ - =10ö÷ö÷40band
and
1 b a öand
==
STj 00 deduce
in deduce
and
and terms that
deduce
deduce of l
that l=and
athat
that =µ-µ ll=2b==F. µµi. -.==F j..3
(b) A system thatconsisting(l -è èµ ) aof 3+3three ç l 3+3forces - 1÷inb the = 0Oxy-planeand deduce actthat at thel4points = µ =indicated . below:
æ ææ µ µµèè öè ööø ø 3 øø ø 3 33 4 44 4
that that
that (l((l -lµ --)µµa))+aaç++lççl +l++ - 1--1b1 =
CPoint è èè 3 33 ÷ø ÷ø÷ø - aPosition
bb= 0=0and 0 and and deduce
deduce
deduce that that
that l l=l =µ=µ=µ == . ..
i + a j Vector 4 4F 4 iForce- 2F j

Let U be the point of intersection of PR and ST.
a 2ai i + 5Suppose a+ in j5ajthe that PU = lFi PR F+andi +3Fj
HereAi and j denote unit2vectors positive directions 3Fcoordinate
of j axes Ox and Oy,
SU = µ ST , where l B and µ are scalar constants.4aj By considering the triangle PSU, show
B
respectively, and F, a are 4apositive j quantities −2Fi
- 2 F i−-Fj
measured F j in newtons and metres
æ µC ö −ai +inaja single3 Fi − 2Fj
that (l -
µ ) a + ç lrespectively.
+ C- 1÷ b = 0Mark i + al j= µ = . diagram, and
these-forces
and deduce athat F i -show
2 F j that their vector sum is
Here
è i3and øj denote unit vectors in the positive 4 directions of coordinate axes Ox and Oy,
zero.
respectively,Here i and and F,j adenote
are positive quantities
unit vectors measured
in the positiveindirections
newtons and metres, respectively.
of coordinate axes Ox and Oy,
Mark Find these
theforces in a single moment,
anti-clockwise diagram, and G, show
of thethat their about
system vector asum is zero.
point P with position vector
Find respectively, and moment,
F, a are G, positive quantities measured in newtons and metres
x i the
+ y anti-clockwise
j , and show that of the system
G is independent about
of x and y. aIdentify
point Pthe with position
simple vector
system to
xi + yj and show that
respectively. MarkG isthese
independent
forces in of ax and
singley. Hence
diagram,showandthatshow
the system is equivalent
that their vector sum is
to awhich couple, the given system reduces.
zero. and find the moment of this couple.
5a i ,
AnAn additional
Find force Xi +Yj
the anti-clockwise
additional force ismoment,
is now now applied
applied G, at
ofthe
at the thepoint
system
point with
D Dwith position
about a point
position vector dd =position
P with
vector - j . vector
2
so thatx ithe+ yresultant
j , and of the four
show that Gforces acting at A,of
is independent andy.D,Identify
B, xCand passes through the origin
the simple systemO.to
Obtain the resultant
Find the values of X and Y. of the four forces acting at A, B, C and D , in magnitude, direction

and which theaction.
line of given system reduces.

15. (a) TheAn figure represents a pentagon ABCDE formed 5a
additional force is now applied at the pointof D freely jointed uniform
with position vector drods= -whosej.
2
weight is w per unit length. Length AE = BC = 2a , length ED = CD = 2b and the angles
Obtain the resultant! of the four forces acting at A, B, C and D , in magnitude, direction
at A,ofBQuestion
Structure and Papers
D areand120 each.
Prototype Theforuppermost
questions rod AB is- 2019
G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations fixed horizontally
Afterwards - Combinedand the frame
Mathematics
and line of action.
hangs in equilibrium, the symmetrical - 16 shape
- being maintained by a light rod CE of length
15. (a) The figure represents a pentagon ABCDE formed of freely jointed uniform rods whose
2b 3 connecting the joints C and E. Show that the reaction at the joint D is of magnitude
uces. which the given system reduces. at which A, B and the given
D are system
120 each. reduces.
The uppermost 5a rod AB is fixed
An additional force is now applied at the point D with position vector d = - j.
5a hangs in equilibrium, the symmetrical shape 2being
5a maintained
w applied at the point D with position
An additional vector force d = -is now j . appliedAn additional
at the point D force is now applied
with position vector at d the
= - point j . D with posi
Obtain the resultant of the 2 four forces 2b acting at A, B, C
3 connecting theandjointsD ,Cinandmagnitude,
E. Showdirection
that2 the reaction at
our forces acting at A, B, Cand and D ,of
line
Obtain in
the magnitude,
action.
resultant ofdirection
theinfour forcesObtain
acting theatresultant
A, B, C of andthe D four forces acting
, in magnitude, at A, B, C and
direction
15. (a) The figure represents a frame the formb of 3wa and
pentagon
find the thrust in the light rod CE.
15. (a) The andfigure
line represents
of action. a pentagon ABCDE and line of action.
formedwof freely jointed uniform rods whose
ABCDE formed of five uniform rods of weight
A B
agon ABCDE formed ofweight
freely jointed
is peruniform
wlength unit rods
length. whose
Length 15. (a)
AE The
= BCfigure
= 2arepresents
, length EDa pentagon
=120 2ABCDE
CD0 =uniform
b formed
whoseof freely j
15. per
(a) unit
The figure jointed
represents at atheir ends.
pentagon ABCDE formed of freely jointed 120 the angles
and
0 rods

ength AE = BC = 2 anda , length is= w = 2unit weight

AEA,= Bis w =per2Daunit length. = CD = 2AE
ED Length = BC = angles
2a , length ED
A, BEDand
at weight CD Dperare b120. and
! the
The
length.
each. angles
angles at vertices
Length
The uppermost BC and
rod AB ,islength
fixed horizontally b and
and thethe
frame
are 120° each. The frame (b) The ! figure represents a framework C AB of light
The uppermost rod AB hangs
is at
fixed
A,inBhorizontally
and D areand
equilibrium, the
120 the
! is suspended
frame
symmetrical
each. The at A,
shape B
uppermost
from
and
being
the
rodD are
maintained
AB
E
120
is fixed each.
by a The
light uppermost
rod
horizontally CE
andof rod
length
the frame is
their ends, and 0movable in a vertical plane ab
fixed
mid-point of AB and is in equilibrium with the 120
metrical shape being maintained by a light rod CEtheofsymmetrical hangs in equilibrium, the
lengthsymmetrical
BCa =light
DA =rodshape
5a andbeing
ofDB =maintained
4a . It carri
hangs
2bsymmetrical
in equilibrium,
3 connecting shapethe joints
maintained Clength
and
by E. Show
a light
shape being
rod CEthat
maintained
the reaction
of length at thebyjoint D is of CE length
magnitude
maintained with AB and DC horizontal an
and E. Show that the reaction at the jointthe
connecting D thrust
istheofjoints
magnitude
joints CC light
and E. 2bShow
E. 3 connecting
that the the joints
the reaction C and
at the
CDjoint
E. Show
atDtheDjoint
that the reaction at
is ofD.
magnitude
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find the in the and rodShow
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and find the stresses
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the all the
light rods.
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atCE.CE.State whether these a
(b) The
e light rod CE. figure
(b) The breaction

represents
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3w represents
and find joint D is of
a framework
the thrust of magnitude
A in light
the lightbAB,
of rods
light 3w
rods
rod
BBC,and
AB,
CE. CD,find
BC, DA the
CD,andthrust
DA DBand in the
freely
DB light rodjointed
jointed
freely at
their ends,
theirand movable in a vertical plane AB = CD = 3a ,
B
ends, and movable 120 0about
in a vertical plane the about
120 0 B
jointtheA.joint
Length
A. Length ABA = CD = 3aP , BD
BC
length(b)
length=TheBC=
DA =5DA
a and 5aDB
=represents= 4DB
and A
aa .framework
It
= 4carries a of
weight
a . It0 carries W
a weight at the
W joint theC
atBC, andDA
joint equilibrium
C is 0 is
and 0equilibrium
0 0 120 0 figure light rods AB, CD, 120 C
maintained with AB andABDC horizontal 120
(b)
(b) The
The
and BD figure
figure
120 represents
0represents
vertical aa framework
framework
by a horizontal of
of light
light
force Pforce 120
rods
rods
applied AB,BC,
AB, BC,CD,CD,DADAandandDBD
maintained with and DC horizontal and BD vertical by a horizontal P applied
of and
esents a frameworkalong light
CD rods
at CD
DB
AB,
the joint
freely
BC, jointed
CD, E
DA at their
and DB ends,their
their
freely and
ends, movable
ends,
jointed and
and
at C in a vertical
movable
movable inina a plane plane
vertical
vertical plane about
about the
the joint
joint A.
A. W
Length
Length AB
AB ==
along at theD.jointSketch a stressa diagram
D. Sketch stress diagramusing Bow’s notation
using Bow’s and hence
notation and find 5athefind the
hence
movable in a vertical plane
about
about thethe
joint A. A.
joint Length
Here = CDare
ABthese = 3tensions
0a ,BCBC==or DA ==5or and EDB==44aa. .ItItcarries Catatthe
C
stresses in all
stresses the rods.
in all theState
rods.whether
State
E whether
length
length
120
these DA
are tensions C5aathrusts.
thrusts. and DB
and carriesaaweight
weightWW thejoint
jointCCa
= 5a 0and DB = 4a It carries a weight W at the joint
. It carries a weight W at the joint C and equilibrium
maintained
maintained
C and is
with AB
with
equilibrium AB and
andmaintained
is DCDC horizontal
horizontal andand0 BD
BD vertical
vertical by
by aa horizonta
horizonta
120 120 0 120
h AB and DC horizontal and BDP vertical by a horizontal
DP DCDhorizontal and BD forcealong
along P CD
applied
CD atat the
the joint
joint D.
D vertical by a horizontal force P D. Sketch
Sketch aa stress
stress diagram
diagram
A 3a B using
using Bow’s
Bow’s notation
notation a
an
with AB and
C
e joint D. Sketch a stress diagram using Bow’s notationCand hence stresses
stresses ininall
find allthe
the therods.
rods.State
Statewhether
whetherthese
theseDare
aretensions
tensionsororthrusts.
thrusts.
D D P in terms of W.
he rods. State whether
these areapplied
tensionsalong CD at the joint D. Find
or thrusts. W
5a W
Sketch a 5stress a diagram using Bow’s notationPPand Dhence D 16.find Show,theby integration, that the distance of the
P D CC right circular cone with circular rims h
hollow
stresses in all the rods. State whether these are tensions or thrusts.
C WW
A 3aA B 55aa hæ
3 a B apart, from the centre of its smaller rim, is ç
a W 3è

16. Show,16.Show,
16. integration,
by Show, by integration,
that thethat
by integration, thatdistance
distance
the the
of the distance
of theof
centre ofthe centre
AA
gravity
centre 3aaof
3of
of gravity gravity ofmeasuring
BBof a frustum
a frustum Aof aa uniform
frustum of aMuniform
can
of a uniform is madehollow by welding a frus
3a B hollow
hollow rightright circular
circular
right conecone
circular conewith
with withcircular
circular rims
rims having
circular rimshavingradii rradii
having and lrr rand
radii (l >l1r)(at
and at aand
>a 1distance
al and ) 2aat a distance
distance
h
height h apart,
h 3a
to afrom
frustum of a h
from the centre of its
its smaller
smaller rim 16.is h æ 2 l + 1 ö
h æ 2.l + 1 ö 4
apart, apart,the fromcentre of
the centre rim,
of its smaller is16. ç is by
Show,
Show,
rim, çby÷ integration,
integration,
÷. thatthe
that thedistance
distanceofofthe thecentre
centreofofgravity gravityofofaafrustum
frustumo
3 è l +31è øl + 1 ø 9a
ation, that the distance of the centre of gravity of a frustum of ahollow hollow
uniform rightcircular
right circularcone cone and
withcircular
with height
circular
rims along
rimshaving
havingradii the common
radii rrand circular
andllrr(l (l>>11)rim
)a
4 O 5a 4a
ular cone with circular rims having radii r and l r (l > 1) at a distance h l++11öö (as
A measuring
A measuring Acan
saucepan
M can is made
is made isby byby
weldingfastening
a frustumthe
apart, edge
of
from a of a centre
hollow
the thin uniform
cone
acentre ofofwith circular
the
withtwo
circular
itssmaller
smaller frustums
rims
rim, isisofrims
æ22lcoincide
hhæradii A shown B in the fi
M made welding apart, from
a frustum theof hollow its
cone rim,
circular çç of radii ÷÷. .
h æ 2l + 1 ö circular 3a of
rim 3 3è è l l
radius + +1 1 ø
4a.ø The can is made of
entre of its smaller rim,
a and is2a and ç plate
heightof
÷ . radius
3a a3a
to a having
frustum a of
surface
a hollowdensity cone to thecircular
σ with smallerrims circular
of radii a and 4a
3 è l2a
a and + 1andø 4 height to a frustum of a hollow cone with circular rims of radii a and 4a
Show that the centreaof gravity of M is at a dis
rim of a frustum 4of height 3a of AA ameasuring
hollow right
measuring can
can circular
M M is
is made
made coneby
byfromwith
welding
welding aafrustum
the centre frustum
of the ofofcircular
aahollow
hollowbase cone
cone withcirc
ofwith
radius ci4
9a 9a the common circular rims of radius a such that the axes of symmetry of
and height along
n M is made by welding aand frustum circular
height
4 4 rims of radii a and 5a ahaving
along cone
of a hollow the common
with circularcircular
aand
rims rims
and2a 2athe
of ofsame
radii
and
and
radius surface
height
height
a3a 3a density
such that theσ,axes of symmetry of
totoaafrustum
frustumofofaahollow hollowcone conewith withcircular
circularrims
rims
3a 4 ofThe
4base can4ais along
smoothly pivoted at a point on its u
ight the two
to a frustum
ofthea twoand fastening a thin uniform rod AB of length 4a and linear density
frustums
hollow coincide
cone
frustums with (as
coincideshown
circular(as in
rims
shownthe offigure)
radii
in the a , and
figure) a
4a,circular
and a circular radius
base of radius 4a the
along the
4 circularcircular
rim of rimradius 4a. The4a. can is made 9a
9a axis of symmetry makes an angle
of radius The can isof theheight
made
and
and same
of theuniform
height same material.
uniform
along
along the material.
thecommon
commoncircular circularrims rimsofofradius radius asuch suchthatthatthe
theaxe
ax
to the larger rim of the frustum such that44the points O, A and are collinear,
ρ centre where Oa is the
Show
long the common circular that
Show the
rimsthat of
the centre
of radius gravity of
of gravity
a such M is at
that theofaxes a distance
M isofatsymmetry ……………………..
a distanceof……………………..
Also,
from the centre
from centre
of the
the centre of the larger
circular
of the rim of
base
circular ofbase
the of
radius frustum,
the
the .two4a
4a two
radius as shown
frustums
frustums
. in the figure.
coincide
coincide Find find
(asshown
(as shown the
ininthethefigure)
the of the ,horizontal
position
figure) of ,theandcentre
and forcebase
aacircular
circular thatof
of base sho
ofrar
s coincide (as shown in the figure) , and a circular base of radius circular
4a along
circular rim
rim the of radius 4a. The base
can in
is the
made plane
of the
of radius 4a. The can is made of the same uniform material. through
same the point
uniform O and
material.the
gravity of the saucepan.
adius 4a. The can Theis made
canThe of the same
is smoothly
can is smoothlyuniform material.
pivotedpivoted
at a pointat aon Show
Show
its upper
point that
that
on its rimupper the
the acentre
to centre
rim to of
fixed of
apoint gravity
gravity
fixed O. ofofM
Show
point O.Mis isatatthe
that
Show aadistance
distance
of its
that the of ……………………..
……………………..
its
ntre of gravity of Maxisis at
ofaaxis
distance
symmetry ……………………..
makes an angle
ρ an 31angle from
from the
the centre
centre
with the of
of the
the
downward circular
circular base
base
vertical. ofof radius
radius 4a
4a . .
Show
of symmetrythat if makes πa, then the saucepan with canthestaydownwardis equilibrium
vertical. when placed on a
of the circular base of radius 4a . σ < 24
find the
Also, horizontal
of the table with its bottom touching
The
The can
can
be is isit.
smoothly
smoothly pivoted
pivoted atatathe
apoint
point onon its
its upper
upper rimtotoaafixed
rim fixedpoint
pointO.O.ShS
Also, find the horizontal force
of the horizontal that
force should
that should applied at the
be applied point
at theon point edge
on the ofedge
the of the
hly pivoted at a point on
base inbaseits upper
the plane rim
in thethrough to a fixed point
the point
plane through O.
theOpoint Show
and the axis
O and that
axis of
of
axisthe the symmetry
of
symmetry
ofaxis its
symmetry makes
makes
of symmetryto make an
an angle
angle
tothe
make axisthe vertical.
axis vertical. with
with the
the downward
downward ve
ver
y makes an angle It is given that ρ = πaσ. Find the angle BA makes with the downward vertical when the
with the downward vertical.
Also,find
Also, findthe theofofthethehorizontal
horizontalforce forcethat thatshould
shouldbe beapplied
appliedatatthe thepoint
pointonont
saucepan is suspended freely from the end B'
the horizontal force that should be applied at the point on the base baseinof
edge inthe planethrough
theplane throughthe thepoint
pointOOand andthetheaxisaxisofofsymmetry
symmetrytotomake makethe the
through the point O and the axis of symmetry to make the axis vertical.

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

- 17 -

17. (a) A box contains six red balls, three green balls and three blue balls, which are identical except
for colour. A ball is drawn at random from the box. Find the probability that the ball is blue.

If the ball drawn is either green or red, one additional red ball and one additional blue ball are
added to the box, together with the original ball. If the ball drawn is blue, there is no
replacement.

Now, a second ball is drawn from the box at random. What is the probability that the second
ball drawn is blue?
Find the probability that the first ball drawn is a blue one, given that the second ball drawn is a
blue one.
Now, a second ball is drawn at random. What is the probability, the second ball drawn is
blue?
Findobtained
(b) Marks the probability that the in
by 100 students first
an ball drawn is are
examination blue, given
given thatfollowing
in the the second ball drawn is blue.
table.

(b)Marks
Marks obtained by
5 -100
19 students
20 - 34in an
35 examination
- 49 50 - 64are given
65 - 79in the
80following
- 94 table
Marks
Mid point (xi) 10-1912 20-29
27 30-39
42 5740-49 72 50-59 87 60-69 70-79
Mid Point ( x ) 15 25 35 45 55 65 75
Frequency (fi)i 10 20 30 15 15 10
Frequency ( f i ) 15 25 20 15 15 08 02

1
Using
Usingthe transformation yi = 1 (x(ix-
the transformation ),)estimate
−4542 , estimatethethemean
meanandand
the the variance
standard of this
deviation of
15 i
10
distribution of marks.
this distribution of marks.

The
Themean
meanand
andthe
thestandard
standarddeviation
deviationofofmarks
marksobtained
obtainedbybyanother
another100
100students
studentsininthe
thesame
same
examination
examinationare
are4040and
and15,
15, respectively.
respectively. Estimate
Estimate the
the mean and the
mean and the standard
variance deviation
of the marks
of the
obtained by all 200bystudents
marks obtained all 200 in this examination.
students in this examination.

* * *

Structure of Question Papers and Prototype questions for G.C.E.(A.L.) Examinations - 2019 Afterwards - Combined Mathematics

- 18 -

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Combined Mathematics: Structure of The Question Paper

Uploaded by

Combined Mathematics: Structure of The Question Paper

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(10) Combined Mathematics

Structure of the Question Paper

Paper I - Time : 03 hours (In addition, 10 minutes for reading.)

Paper II - Time : 03 hours (In addition, 10 minutes for reading.)

Calculation of the final mark ( Paper I = 100

2. Find the set of all real values of x satisfying the inequality 2 x − 3 ≤ 2 + x.

π ≤ Arg (z − i) ≤ 3π in an Argand diagram.

4. Show that lim

are real and distinct.

13. (a) Let a, b, c ∈ IR. Also, let A = a

z = cos n θ − i sin n θ, where θ ∈ IR and n ∈ Z .

r > 0 and −π < θ ≤ π.

Let m, n ∈ Z . Show that if = 8, then n = m + 3 and n = 4k−1, where k ∈ Z .

Show that dy = 0 if and only if θ = tan 2

By considering the sign of dy in appropriate intervals, find the

(b) Using integration by parts, find

Hence, solve 8 (cos x cos 3x + sin x sin 3x) = 1.

sin(α +β ) sin(β +γ ) = 5 sinα sin γ.

(c) Let x ≤ 1, y ≤ 1 and z ≤ 1. Show that if sin−1 x + sin−1 y + sin−1 z = π, then

time at which the speeds of the cars are equal.

6. In usual notation, let 4i + j , l i + µ j and i + 5 j be the position vectors of three points A, B

down AB in terms of i and j. Using vectors, show that l = 4 and µ = 3.

ength AE = BC = 2 anda , length is= w = 2unit weight

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