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TN 323: Lan Switching: Lecture 07: Implementing VTP

VTP allows VLAN configurations to be automatically propagated across switches in a network to reduce administration. VTP components include domains, modes (server, client, transparent), advertisements, pruning, and revision numbers. VTP servers store and distribute VLAN information for their domain, clients use the information but cannot modify it, and transparent switches do not participate but forward VTP messages. [/SUMMARY]

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59 views14 pages

TN 323: Lan Switching: Lecture 07: Implementing VTP

VTP allows VLAN configurations to be automatically propagated across switches in a network to reduce administration. VTP components include domains, modes (server, client, transparent), advertisements, pruning, and revision numbers. VTP servers store and distribute VLAN information for their domain, clients use the information but cannot modify it, and transparent switches do not participate but forward VTP messages. [/SUMMARY]

Uploaded by

Alango Jr Tz
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TN 323: LAN SWITCHING

Lecture 07: Implementing VTP


Objectives
▪ Explain the role of VTP in a converged switched
network
▪ Describe the operation of VTP: VTP domains,
VTP Modes, VTP Advertisements, and VTP
Pruning.
▪ Configure VTP on the switches in a converged
network.
What is VTP?
▪ The VLAN Management Challenge
–As the number of switches increases on
a small- or medium-sized business
network, the overall administration
required to manage VLANs and trunks
becomes a challenge.
.
▪ Larger Network VLAN Management
–After you have manually updated this
network a few times, you may want to
know if there is a way for the switches to
learn what the VLANs and trunks are so
that you do not have to manually
configure them.
•VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP).
VTP?
▪ What is VTP?
–VTP allows a network manager to configure a switch so
that it will propagate VLAN configurations to other
switches in the network.
•Switch can be configured a VTP server or VTP client.
•VTP only learns about normal-range VLANs (VLAN
IDs 1 to 1005). Extended-range VLANs (IDs greater than
1005) are not supported by VTP.
▪ VTP Overview
–VTP allows a network manager to makes changes on a
switch that is configured as a VTP server.
•The VTP server distributes and synchronizes VLAN
information to VTP-enabled switches throughout the
switched network, which minimizes the configuration
inconsistencies.
Benefits of VTP
▪ VTP maintains VLAN configuration consistency by
managing the following vlan information in a switch
network:
–Addition
–Deletion
–Renaming
VTP Components
▪ VTP Domain - Consists of one or more interconnected switches.
▪ VTP Modes - 3 different VTP modes
–VTP Server - VTP servers advertise the VTP VLAN information to other
switches in the same VTP domain.
•VTP servers store the VLAN information for the domain in NVRAM.
•The server is where VLAN can created, deleted, or renamed for the
domain.
–VTP Client - VTP clients function the same way as VTP servers, but you
cannot create, change, or delete VLANs.
•A VTP client only stores the VLAN information for the entire domain
while the switch is on.
•A switch reset deletes the VLAN information. You must configure
VTP client mode on a switch.
–VTP Transparent - Transparent switches forward VTP advertisements to
VTP clients and VTP servers.
•Transparent switches do not participate in VTP.
•VLANs that are created, renamed, or deleted on transparent switches
are local to that switch only.
VTP Components….
▪ VTP Pruning - VTP pruning increases network
available bandwidth by restricting flooded traffic to
those trunk links that the traffic must use to reach the
destination devices.
–Without VTP pruning, a switch floods broadcast,
multicast, and unknown unicast traffic across all
trunk links within a VTP domain even though
receiving switches might discard them.
▪ VTP Advertisements - VTP uses a hierarchy of
advertisements to distribute and synchronize VLAN
configurations across the network.
VTP Domains
▪ VTP allows you to separate your network into
smaller management domains to help reduce
VLAN management.
–A VTP domain consists of one switch or several
interconnected switches sharing the same VTP
domain name.
–An additional benefit of configuring VTP
domains is that it limits the extent to which
configuration changes are propagated in the
network if an error occurs.
▪ A switch can be a member of only one VTP
domain at a time.
–Until the VTP domain name is specified VLAN
information is not propagated over the network.
VTP Message Contents
▪ VTP frames contain the following fixed-length global domain information:
–VTP domain name
–Identity of the switch sending the message, and the time it was sent
–MD5 digest VLAN configuration, including maximum transmission unit (MTU)
size for each VLAN
–Frame format: ISL or 802.1Q
▪ VTP frames contain the following information for each configured VLAN:
–VLAN IDs (IEEE 802.1Q)
–VLAN name
–VLAN type
–VLAN state
–Additional VLAN configuration information specific to the VLAN type
▪ Note: A VTP frame is encapsulated in an 802.1Q Ethernet frame. The entire 802.1Q
Ethernet frame is the VTP advertisement often called a VTP message. Often the
terms frame, advertisement, and message are used interchangeably.
VTP Revision Number
▪ The configuration revision number determines
whether the configuration information received from
another VTP-enabled switch is more recent than the
version stored on the switch.
–The configuration revision number is a 32-bit
number.
–The default revision number for a switch is zero.
–Each time a VLAN is added or removed, the
configuration revision number is incremented.
–Each VTP device tracks the VTP configuration
revision number that is assigned to it.
▪ Note: A VTP domain name change does not
increment the revision number.
–Instead, it resets the revision number to zero.
VTP Revision Number
Troubleshooting VTP Connections
▪ Configuration problems. This information,
combined with your VTP configuration skills,
will help you when troubleshooting VTP
configuration problems.
–Incompatible VTP Versions
–VTP Password Issues
–Incorrect VTP Mode
–All switches configured in Client Mode
Summary
▪ VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to exchange VLAN
information across trunk links.
▪ A switch can be in one of 3 VTP operating modes
–Client
•Cannot create, modify or delete VLAN
–Server
•Can create, modify & delete VLAN
–Transparent
– Can create, modify, & delete LOCAL VLAN
– Forwards VTP advertisements.
Summary

▪ VTP pruning
Tony Chen COD
–Limits unnecessary dissemination of VLAN
Cisco Networking Academy
information.
▪ Verify VTP configuration
–Show VTP status

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