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Till 9-1985-41 TO 39B-1 J-11

JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE
ORDNANCE
(BOMBS, BOMB FUZES
LAND MINES, GRENADES
FIRING DEVICES
AND
SABOTAGE DEVICES)

United States Government Printing Office

Washington : 1953

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CONTENTS
Page
Chapter 1 .Bombs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 1 . Army Bombs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Section 2. Navy Bombs . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Chapter 2 .Bomb Fuzes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Section 1 . Army Bomb Fuzes . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 123
Section 2. Navy Bomb Fuzes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Section 3. Gaines and Magazines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Chapter 3. Land Mines, Grenades, Firing Devices and Sabotage
Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Section 1 . Land Mines . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Section 2. Grenades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . 225
Section 3 . Firing Devices and Sabotage Devices . . . . . . . . . 247

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JAPA °`X ,:XXT "XPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

TAIL FIN WIDTH

(MAXi01V WIEITH)

TAIL STRUT THICKNESS-j FINN THICKNESS

MAX#PLM DIAMETER
---= LENGTH OF STXUT -

WIDTH OF STRUT

NCRMAL NAVY TYPE

OVERCALL WIDTH
MAX I IMM J IAYETER,
VANES FXCL?; ED---

SUSPENSION LUGS THREAD DIAVETER

THREADS PER INCH
c

Figure 1-Definitions of Terminology.

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Chapter

JAPANESE BOMBS

Introduction year of era . Now, however, the. year of the

Japanese Empire (Japanese year 2600 corresponds
The contents of this section are divided into two to our 1940) may be used. For items introduced
main parts, Japanese Army bombs and Japanese up to the year 2600 the last two numbers are used
Navy bombs . in the designation . Thus type 99 means the item
The. Japanese Army and Navy have separate was adopted in 2599 or our 1939 .
air forces each of which employs its own distinct The year 2600 may be represented as type 100
types of bombs and fuzes . These ordnance items or type 0, in a designation. The years 2601,
are dissimilar in construction and identification 2602, etc ., are usually represent by the last digit
features, and each service utilizes its own system such as type 1, type 2, etc.
of designation . Experimental Ordnance items are assigned ex-
For the most part the two types of bombs and perimental type numbers indicating the year of
fuzes may not be used interchangeably, Special the Showa era during which the experiment was
adapters have been developed, however, which authorized .
allow some flexibility of this rule. This has been Ordnance items standardized in the eras pre-
particularly demonstrated in the use of Navy ceding the Showa era; namely, Taisho 1912--1926
bombs by the Army in conducting antisubmarine and Meiji 1867-1912, will be designated by the
warfare . era and the year of the era . Type II (Taisho)=
The Japanese designations of bombs are used 1922, type 41 (Meiji) =1908.
in this book . A general discussion of the system 2. Mark number.-Some ordnance such as Navy
is presented here. A more detailed explanation is bombs developed for a special purpose will be de-
given in the introduction to each section. signated by a mark number.
System of designation : 3 . Description of ordnance .-Some items may
1 . Type number .-Items of ordnance, as well as have a word or two following the type number
most other items of military equipment, are given which gives a brief description of the particular
a type number indicating the year the article was piece of ordnance .
finally adopted for service use . This may occur 4 . Model .-This term has several meanings but
several years after the ordnance has been in pro- generally it indicates a change in basic design.
duction and actual use. 5, Modification .-This is used to represent
Until the reign of the present emperor, (Showa minor changes in design or a change in explosive
era. ; started in 1926) items were designated by the filling .

Chapter 1-Section 1

JAPANESE ARMY -BOMBS

1. Designation b . The weight is expressed in kilograms and

The Japanese Army designates its bombs usually is stenciled on the bomb .
according to a type number, weight, and some-
times a descriptive title. c . The descriptive title is not used on the
a. The type number indicates the year in standard high-explosive bombs but is used on
which the. bomb was adopted for service use. others . The descriptive title such as smoke,
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;iati-)X

ARMY EXPLOSIVES

Primers (cap composition)

1 . Mercury fulminate, po- Primer cap composition_ B a k u f u n =e x p l o d i n g Documents': Mks I and III are
tassium chlorate, anti- powder . ammunition primers, Mk II
mony trisulfide . is a fuze primer .
2 . Potassium chlorate, anti- Primer cap composition _ _ _ -_ __. _ __-_ _ ___ Most common mixture for fuze
mony sulfide . primers .

Initiators (detonators)
3 . Mercury fulminate_____ Initiator for fuzes and Raiko =thunder mercury
blasting caps .
4 . Lead azide- .-------- .- Initiator for fuzes and Chikka Namari-------- Most common initiator espe-
detonators . cially where a black powder
relay is present .

Boosters :
5 . Picric acid ------------ Main booster charge--- _ Oshokuyaku=yellow col- Pressed . Toxic .
or explosive .
fi . Tetryl _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Subbooster ------------ Meiayaku ------------- Pressed . Toxic .
7 . RDX---------------- Subbooster------------ Shouyaku----_ ..__-____ Pressed (often with wax) .

Main charges :
8 . Picric acid ------------ Bombs, projectiles, land Yellow color explosive-- Usually cast in preformed
mines, bangalore tor- paper-wrapped blocks .
pedo . Toxic .
9 . TNT ----------------- Bombs (rare) projectiles, Chakatusuyaku=tea- Generally cast into case . Gran-
hand grenades . brown explosive . ular in grenades . Toxic .
10 . TNT, 25 percent ; Picric, Bombs________________ Chaoyaku=TNT-pic- Cast-rare . Documents : TNT
75 percent . ric . lowers melting point and
facilitates casting . A bit
less sensitive than picric .
Toxic .
11 . Picric, 50 percent ; Dini- Projectiles_ _ 1?nayaku _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cast-rare . Documents : Pic-
tronaphthalene, 50 per- ric 80 percent, Dinittonap-
cent . thalene 20 percent . Dinitro-
naphthalene aids casting and
makes less sensitive . Toxic .
12 . Picric, 90 percent ; Wax, Projectiles_ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Oshivaku =picric wax- Pressed . Used in nose of A . P .
10 percent. projectiles . Documents : low
sensitivity . Toxic .
13 . TNT, 70 percent ; Dini- Projectiles ------------- Chanayaku---______-_- Cast . Toxic .
tronaphthalene, 30 per-
cent .
14 . TNT 70, 60, and 50 per- Bombs, projectiles, land Nigo tanoyaku=Mk 2 Cast . Appears to be the com-
cent ; RD?{ 30, 40, mines, bangalore . pale yellow explosive . ing Army explosive . Many
and 50 percent . new types of ordnance have
it . Toxic .
15 . Ammonium nitrate, 75 Bombs________________ Angayaku_________-__ Cast in case . White and very
percent ; RDX, 25 per- hygroscopic .
cent .

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incendiary, gas, substitute, practice, and anti- 5. Color and markings
shipping, indicate the purpose of the bomb. High-explosive bombs are painted black over-
2. Construction all. A red band around the tip of the nose in-
dicates that the explosive is loaded in the bomb
The standard high-explosive bombs are of three-
case. A white band forward of the suspension
piece. construction . On older bombs the tail cone, lug indicates that the bomb case is made of
which is filled with explosive, is welded to the
high-grade steel . A yellow band forward of the
cylindrical body, and the nose section is threaded white band denotes a high-explosive filling.
to the body. In later models the nose is welded Recently this system has been modified to the
to the body and the tail cone is threaded on .
extent that the white band has been omitted .
Some of the antishipping bombs utilize two-
Forward of the yellow band is stenciled the
piece construction ; the nose and body are of one type number, weight; filling, and additional
piece, and the tail cone is threaded to the body .
description . Aft of the suspension lug is sten-
The special construction features of the various ciled the place and the date of manufacture and
antishipping bombs are described under the
a "+" or "--" indicating a minor weight dis-
individual bombs.
crepancy.
3. Suspension
Incendiary bombs with a solid filling are
All the Army bombs except those carried in painted black over-all with a white band forward
containers are suspended by a single hinged rec- of the suspension lug.
tangular lug located at the center of gravity .
A symbol for incendiary bombs is
4. Filling stenciled on the bomb .
High-explosive bombs are usually filled with
All liquid-filled bombs are painted grey over-all.
precast, paper-wrapped blocks of explosive sur-
rounded by paraffin, or in the latest type by cast A red nose tip indicates that the high explosive
burster tube is loaded and a blue band aft of the
TNT . When fillings other than picric acid are
nose tip indicates that the liquid filling is present .
used, the nature of the filling may be stenciled
on the bomb. Bombs filled with an explosive Liquid-filled incendiary bombs are marked by
other than the standard filling for that bomb are a single white band just forward of the suspension
marked with the Jap character for "special." lug and by the symbol " 'X ."
Liquid-filled smoke bombs are grey over-all,
have a red nose band and no body band . They
are marked by the symbol for smoke
Gas bombs are painted grey over-all and have
a red nose band . It is supposed that color bands
around the body indicate the type of gas filling.
This system is utilized in marking Army gas
projectiles .
Red band ----------- Vomit gas.
Blue band----------- Lung irritant .
Green band---------- Tear gas.
Yellow band--------- Vesicant.
Brown band--------- Blood and-nerve poison .
6. Sizes
Although documents refer to 1,000-kg. bombs,
none larger than 500-kg. has been recovered.
7. Fuzing
All Army bombs of 30-kg. and above may be
fuzed in both the nose and .tail . Bombs of 250-and
500-kg. generally use larger weight.
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VERCICAL SUSPEhr51Cti LIJG

Figure 2-Type 92 15-kg. High-Explosive Bomb .

Type 92 1549. High-Explosive Bomb Color and markings : Black over all with a red
band around the nose and a white band and
Fuzes- - .. -A-2 (b), A-2 (d) yellow band forward of the suspension, lug .
Over-all length : 25'M inches. (Whiie band may be missing .) ',
Length of body : 14,% inches . Length of tail : 11 inches .
Diameter of body : 3% inches . Width of tail : 5X inches.
Thickness of wall : 34 . inch. Width of tail fins : 2$/, inches .
Material of wall : Steel rings (26) . Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 38/, inches ;
Type of Suspension : Vertical and horizontal, width, %6 inch; thickness, X6 inch.
Suspension lug : Normal Army suspension lug . Material of tail : 716-inch sheet steel .
Rectangular hinged steel lug on a plate riveted Type of filling : 3 precast blocks of picric acid .
to body with four rivets . A similar steel An alternative filling is cast TNT.
hinged lug is fastened to end of tail fins. Weight of filling : 9 pounds 9 ounces.

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Total weight of bomb : 33 pounds . Type 44 50-kg . Type 44 and Type 3 10049.
Charge/weight ratio : 30 percent . High-Explosive Bombs
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is
threaded onto a tubular steel body. Twenty-six
Fuzes : A-2 (a), A---2 (b), A-2 (c) ; B-1 (a), B-1 (b) ;
D-5 (a) .
steel rings ;a inch wide and % inch thick are fitted
5o kg. 100 kg .
around the body. One ring to which the suspen- Over-all length-- - 41 inches------- 53 inches .
sion lug is attached is 1 % inch wide and 3a inch Length of body----- 24% inches ------ 31 ;; inches.
thick . A tail cone is screwed onto the after end Diameter of body --- 7 inches-------- 9% inches.
Thickness of wall- -__  inch --------- '%s inch .
of the tubular body.
Construction of tail : Four angular fins are Material of wall : Tubular steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
welded to the tail cone and braced by a single set
Suspension lug : Normal Army suspension lug.
of box-type struts. A suspension lug is secured
to the after end of the fins.

Type 99 30-kg. High-Explosive Bomb

Fuzes . A-2 (a), A-2 (c) ; B-1 (a), B-1 (b) ; D-5 (a) .
Over-all length : 33Y4 inches .
Length of body : 19;4 inches .
Diameter of body : 5N inches .
Thickness of wall : %a inches.
Material of wall : Tubular steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Army suspension lug.
Color and marking : Black over all with a red band around
the nose and a yellow band and white band around the
body forward of the suspension lug .
Length of tail : 13% inches .
Width of tail : ayinches .
Width of tail fins : 3'/, inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 5Y4 inches ; width, 1
inch ; thickness, ;ie inch .
Material of tail : Sheet steel .
Type of filling : Cyclonite, 48 percent ; TNT, 52 percent
in 3 preformcd blocks .
Weight of filling : 25 pounds, 12 ounces .
Total weight of bomb : 66 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio : 39 percent .

Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is

screwed into a tubular steel body. A tail cone is
welded to the after end of the steel body.
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are spot
welded to the cone, and are braced by a single set
of box-type struts.
Remarks : This bomb has been found with sheet
steel plates welded to the outer edges of the fins
to form a box-like reinforcement for the tail fins.
FIiREEADEG NOSE SFUI f ON

They cover the area from the after end of the fins
to a point just forward of the curve in the fins .
This is an antishipping adaptation using the
A-S (a) and B-8 (a) fuzes . Documents report
that an antipenetration device. is used on the tail
of the type 99 30-kg. bomb for minimum altitude
bombing . Figure 3-hype 99 3048. High-Explosive Bomb .

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0 }:G . 7" . 3

90GSTFR Ti?;]F --

NGSE PI[CE

Figure 4-Type 94 50*kg., Type 94 and Type 3 100-kg. High-Explosive Bombs.

Color and markings : Black over-all with & red band around Construction of body : Type 94, 50-kg. and 100-
the nose and a white band and yellow band around the kg. : A cast-steel nose is screwed into a tubular
body just forward of the suspension lug .
50 kg, steel body. A tail cone is. welded to the after end
100 kg.
Length of tail_______ 16% inches ------ 21% inches . ... of the body.
Width of tail________ 9% inches_______ 13Y4 inches .
Width of tail fins____ 3% inches_______ 5X18 inches, Type 3, 100-kg . : A cast steel nosepiece is
Dimentions of tail 6% x 1% x `i2 Forward struts : wedded to a tubular-steel body. A tail cone is
struts . inches . 976 x 1Y,e x welded to a collar which is screwed into the after
%2 inches . . end of the body.
After struts : 9N a
x 1% x %2 Construction of tail : Four tail fins are spot
inches . welded to the tail cone and are braced by box
Material of tail____ Sheet steel______ Sheet steel . type struts. The 50-kg . bomb has a single set of
Type of filling_ _ _ _ _ .. 3 blocks of picric Type 94 :4 blocks
acid . struts. The 100-kg . bomb has two sets of struts.
of picric acid.
Type 3 : 5 blocks Remarks : The type 94, 100-kg . bomb may vary
of picric acid . in its explosive filling : Variations include : (1)
Weight of filling----- 44 pounds ------ 97 pounds 12
Picric acid, 78 percent ; TNT, 22 percent in 4
ounces .
Total weightof bomb_ 110 pounds_ __ _ . 220 pounds . preformed blocks. (2) Ammonium nitrate, 78
Charge/weight ratio _ _ 40 percent------ 42 .5 percent . percent ; RDX, 22 percent cast into the bomb.

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Type 94 Modired and Type 1 5049. and 50 kg . 100 kg .

Width of tail fins__ _ _ 3yi g inch_ _ _ -_ _ _ 5%s inch .
. H. E. Bom s
100-kg Dimensions of tail 6N x 1Y 8 x Y32 Forward : 9V1e x

Fuzes _ _ _ _ Type 94, 1(a), B-1(b) ;

Modified, C-3 (a),
struts . inch. 1ji6 x Y32 inch .

After : 9Y1a x
1Y16 x %2 inch .
1, C-3(a), .
E-1(&) B-Type

50 kg . 100 kg . Material o¬ tail ------ Sheet steel______ Sheet steel .

Over-all length______ 40 inch --------- 52 i ch . Type of filling_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 blocks of plc- 4 blocks of picric
Length o ¬ body----- 23Xa inch_ _ _-_ _ _ 30Xq inch . ric acid . acid .
Diameter of body_ _ _ _ 7 ;j inch -------- 9'/z inch . Weight of filling- 44 pounds ------ 103 pounds .
Thickness of wall_%2 inch --------- 1 112 inch . Total weight of bomb_ 110 pounds----- 237 pounds .
Material of wallTubular
_ _ steel . Charge weight ratio-- 40 percent-__ 43 .6 percent .
Type of suspension__ Horizontal.
Suspension Lug : Normal Army type suspension lug . Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is
Color and markings : Black over-all and a red band around screwed into a tubular-steel body. The orifice
the nose . One yellow and one white band are forward in the nose measures 3 inches in diameter : A
of the suspension lug .
loo tail cone is welded to the after end of the body .
kg. so kg .
A fuze adapter is welded onto the apex of the
Length of tail_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16y inch _ _ _ _ _ _ 21% inch .
Width of tail________ 9'/sinch -------- 13% inch . cone.

ra ;L ER,X KE

ia0 ,3 . Y . . r' : . ;

,r, .-3L,) 5G K(I . .' 1W VG .

TY F'X 'e I ,:X` isfj

Figure 5--Type 94 Modified and Type r 50-1cg . and f 00-kg. High-Explosive Bombs .

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Type 94, Modified, tail fuze pocket is com- bombs . A tail brake is fitted to the after end of
pletely threaded . the tail of the bombs.
Type ]. tail fuze pocket has three threads and
then an annular groove . Type 1 450-kg. High-Explosive Bomb
Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the Fuzes : C-3 (a), E-1 (a) .
tail cone and braced by box-type struts, a single Over-all length : 75Y inches .
set for 50-kg. bombs and a double set for 100-kg . Length of body : 45% inches .
Diameter of body : 11Y inches .
Thickness of wall : Y inch.
Material of wall : Tubular steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal.
Suspension lug : Normal Army type.
Color and markings : Black over-all . One yellow
and one white band (Y inch) forward of suspen-
sion lug, 1 inch red band on tip of nose.
Length of tail : 30 inches.
Width of tail : 16% inches .
Width of tail fins : 83; inches .
ANNULAR GROOVE Dimensions of tail struts : Length 11 inches ;
width % 7 inch; thickness Ye inch.
Material of tail : Steel.
Type of filling : Preformed, paper-wrapped, paraf-
fin sealed picric acid blocks .
Weight of filling : 227 pounds.
Total weight of bomb : 550 pounds.
Charge/weight ratio : 43 percent .
Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is
screwed into a tubular-steel body. The tail cone
is welded to the after end of the body. The nose
piece has a 3-inch orifice to accommodate the
C-3 (a) time fuze.
Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the
tail cone and braced by two sets of box-type
struts. A fuze adapter is welded at the apex of the
tail cone . The tail fuze pocket has three threads
and then an annular groove .

Type 93 $5049 . and 500-kg. High-Explosive

. Bombs
Fuzes : A-4 (a) ; B--4 (a) .
250 kg. 500 kg .
Over-all length-------- 76 inches------- 995,4 inches .
Length of body _ _ _ _ - -- 46 inches-- _ _ _ _ _ 57% inches.
Diameter of body ---- .. 11'/, inches ..---- 15 inches.
Thickness of wall______ 3,4 inch_________ Yia inch .
Material of wall : Tubular steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug: Normal Army type .
Color and markings : Black over all with a red tipped
nose and one yellow and one white band forward of
Figure 6--Type r 250-kg. Nigh-Explosive Bomb. suspension lug.

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TYPE 92 . bOL KG . : - TYPO 92 . 25X; :

Figure 7-Type 9.2 150-kg. and 500-kg . High-Explosive Bombs.

250 k9 . 500 kg . 250 kg . 500 kg .
Length of tail--------- 30 inches_ 43'/ inches . Weight of filling__ 230 pounds_491 pounds .
Width of tail ---------- 16% inches_____ 2014 inches . Total weight of bomb__ 550 pounds_____ 1,100 pounds,
Width of tail fins------ S;¢ inches- _ _ _ _ _ 10 ;8 inches . Charge/weight ratio____ 43 percent______ 46 .4 percent.
Dimensions of tail struts : Length 11 inches ; width,
inches ; thickness lie inch .
Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is
Material of tail : Steel . threaded into a tubular-steel body . A tail cone
Type of filling : Preformed blocks of pieric acid . is welded to the after end of the body .
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Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the Type 3 100-kg. Skipping Model Bomb
tail cone and braced by two sets of box type struts .
The tail fins of the 500 kg . are similar to the Navy Fuzes : A-8 (a) ; B-8 (a) .
Over-all length : 53 inches .
bombs in that they are angled on the outer edge,
Length of body : 3041 inches .
as compared to the characteristic curve on the
Diameter of body : 9',6_ inches .
fins of Army 30-kg. to 250-kg. high-explosive Thickness of wall : % inch.
bombs . Material of wall : Tubular steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Army type hinged
suspension lug.
Color and markings : Black over-all with a red-
tipped nose and a yellow band forward of the
A; CESS suspension lug.
Length of tail : 2134 inches,
-RE0,,"F0;PVNG PLATE
Width of tail : 1334 inches .
Width of tail fins : 5Y6 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Forward struts : 9Y 6 x
13116 x %a inches . After struts : 9`,6 x 1 916 x i'ss
inches .
Material of tail : Steel.
Type of filling : Paper wrapped cast picric blocks
sealed with TNT.
Weight of filling : 98 pounds.
Total weight of bomb : 220 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio : 42 .5 percent .

Construction of body : The nosepiece and body

are constructed of one piece of machined tubular
steel. The after end of the barrel is threaded
internally to receive the tail assembly . The tail
cone is welded to a collar which screws into the
after end of the barrel .
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are spot
welded to the tail cone. They are braced by two
sets of box-type struts . The tail fins are further
strengthened by four steel plates welded to the
outer edges and running the entire length from the
after end to the curved portion of the fins . A
round hole is cut in each plate to permit access to
the tail fuze pocket .
Remarks : Recent specimens of this bomb incor-
porate a steel reinforcing section in the after end of
the body . This cylindrical section closed at one
end by a perforated plate is strengthened by three
strips of metal which divide it into six equal
compartments . Twelve hexagonal bolts around
the outer circumference of the bomb hold the
section in place. TNT is cast into the section to a
Figure 8-Type 3 100-kg. Skipping Model Bomb. point flush with its after edges .
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Type 3 250-kg. Skipping Model Bomb

Fuzes : A-8 (b) ; B-8 (a) .

Over-all length : 78 inches .
Length of body : 4632 inches .
Diameter of body : 11,% inches .
Thickness of wall : Y inches .
Material of wall : Tubular steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Army type suspension
lug.
Color and markings : Black over all with a red-
tipped nose and a yellow band forward of the
suspension lug .
Length of tall : 31 X inches .
Width of tail : 16Y2 inches .
Width of tail fins : 8j; inches . X,CXL LAR
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 1132 inches ;
width, inch ; thickness, 332 inch . ,E I NFVCHNG SEC .

Material of tail : Steel.

Type of filling : Paper wrapped cast picric blocks
sealed with TNT .
Weight of filling: 230 pounds. EXPL JS I of HAXGC

Total weight of bomb : 550 pounds.

Charge weight ratio : 41 percent.
Construction of body : A steel nosepiece is welded
to a tubular-steel barrel . The after end of the
barrel is threaded internally to receive the tail
assembly . A row of 12 hexagonal bolts around
the circumference of bomb 3/12 inches forward of
the after end of the barrel hold a steel reinforcing
section in place. This cylindrical section closed
at one end by a perforated plate is strengthened
by three strips of metal which divide it into six
equal compartments. Twelve holes are drilled
in the outer circumference of the section to accom-
modate the bolts . TNT is cast in the section to
a point flush with its after edges. The tail cone
is welded to a collar which screws into the after
end of the barrel .
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are spot
welded to the tail cone . They are braced by a Figure 9--Type 3 250-kg . Skipping Model Bomb .
single set of box-type struts . The tail fins are
further strengthened by four steel plates welded curved portion of the fins . A square hole is cut
to the outer edges and running the entire length in each plate to permit access to the tail fuze.
from the after end to a point just forward of the pocket .

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

TA i L -k ¬,PSTER TULF.

REINFCRCXNG SECTION

EXPLOSIVE CHARGE

,- 0115 PENS I ON LUG .

Bombs.
Figure 10-Type 4 100-kg., 250-kg, and 500-kg. Antishipping

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Type 4 100-kg ., 250-kg. and 50049 . Anti-Shipping Bombs

100 kg. 250 kg . 500 kg.
Fuzes : A-8 (a) ----------- A-8 (b) ----------- A-8 (b) .
B-8 (a) ----------- B-8 (a) ----------- B-8 (a) .
Over-all length --------------------- 53Y4 inches --------- 77% inches --------- 99X5 inches .
Length of body -------------------- 31y inches-__ ___ 4634 inches --------- 57}2 inches .
Diameter of body--- ------------ 9Ss inches----- ---- 113' inches--------- 15 inches .
Thickness of wall ------------------ % inch------------ -- y, inch ------------ ;X inch .
Material of wall : Tubular steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal.
Suspension lug : Normal Army suspension lug.
Color and marking : Black over-all with a red-tipped nose and a yellow band forward of the suspension
lug.
loft kg . 250 kg. 500 kg .
Length of tail----- ___
_ _ _ _ _22 inches--- _ _ - _ _ _ _
_ _-- _ _- 29% inches--------- 42 inches .
Width of tail- _ _ -------- 13Y inches ---------
_-_ _---_ _ 163' inches--------- 203, inches .
Width of tail fins ------------------- 6 inches ----------- 63 inches---------- 83' inches .
Dimensions of tail struts ------------ None ------------- None ------------- None .
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Type of filling : Paper-wrapped, cast picric blocks sealed with TNT.
100 kg . 250 kg . 500 kg .
Weight of filling ------------------- ------------------ 208 pounds-------- 535.5 pounds .
Total weight of bomb---------------- 220 pounds-------- 554 pounds-------- 1, 123 pounds .
Charge weight ratio ---------------- ------------------ 38 percent--------- 47 .7 percent.

Construction of body : The nose and barrel of bolts. TNT is cast in the section to a point
the 100-kg . and 250-kg . are constructed of 1 flush with its after edges. The tail cone is welded
piece machined tubular steel. On the 500-kg . a to a collar which screws into the after end of
steel nosepiece is welded to a tubular-steel barrel . the barrel . Welded to the apex of the tail cone is
The after end of the barrel is threaded internally a burster tube . This tube contains picric acid
to receive the tail assembly. A row of 12 hexag- and is fitted with a fuze. adapter at its after end.
onal bolts around the circumference of the bomb
just forward of the after end of the barrel hold a Construction of tail : The tail fins are made from
steel reinforcing plate in place . This cylindrical sheet steel . There are two layers .of steel in each
section closed at one end by a perforated plate is fin, a single piece having been bent double and
strengthened by 3 strips of metal bent at a 60° the two. inner edges welded to the tail cone and
angle, which divide it into 6 equal compart- burster t.iibe by a continuous weld. The forward
ments . Twelve holes are drilled in the outer and after ends of the fins are closed by welding .
circumference of the section to accommodate the The tail fins are not supported by tail struts .

i, .501, 0-,,,,-_ ._ RESTRICTED 13

 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security lirforriation

340LAR STRUT

TAIL FINS

T& L WNE

EXFLGSfVE CHARGE

THER1 PTE F I L L 1 NG -

BOMB BODY

NOSE PIECE

VENTS

NEVEABLE . CORI&
DEF

SaFETY FIN ----------

--

FIRING FIN
.
HOLDER

u cc ! ur -

TKED FIRING Ws;-

Figure I 1-1-kg. Thermite Incendiary Bomb.

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ARMY BOMBS

1-kg. Thermite Incendiary Bomb Operation : The fuze is armed when the safety
pin is removed. On impact the detonator carrier
Fuzes : Inertia impact fuze .
moves down against the creep spring and hits the
Overall length : 13'% inches firing pin. The resultant flash ignites the ther-
Length of body : 8X',6 inches mite filling of the bomb.
Diameter of body : 21/8 inches
Thickness of wall : % inch. g. Thermite Incendiary Bomb
Material of wall : Magnesium. Fuzes : Mechanical impact tail fuze.
Type of suspension : Cluster container. Over-all length : 1534 inches .
Suspension lug : None. Length of body : 63; inches .
Color and markings : Black over-all (prime coat Diameter of body : 3 1 ,111 . inches .
of gold paint on the body only) . Thickness of wall: ;$ inch .
Material of wall : Welded steel tube.
Length of tail : 5y inches
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Width of tail : 21/8 inches Suspension lug : % inch steel band secured around
Width of tail fins : 1Ye inches
the body by a nut and bolt, 616 inch hole drilled
Dimensions of tail trusts : 13; 6 inch wide. in the extension of the band to accept metal
Material of tail : Light sheet metal. hook .
Type of filling : Thermite . Color and marking: Bomb body : Black or olive
Total weight of bomb : 2 pounds 12 ounces . drab. Tail : Unpainted tin color .
Construction of body : The bomb consists of a Length of tail : 9 inches .
nosepiece, incendiary filled body and explosive Width of tail : 3 1 1/11 6 inches .
filled tail. The nosepiece is made of magnesium Width of tail fins : None.
and screws into the bomb body . At the flat Dimensions of tail struts : None .
forward end it is threaded centrally to receive the Material of tail : Tin-plated sheet steel.
brass firing pin holder which contains a fixed steel Type of filling: Incendiary, consisting of a first
firing pin. At the after end it is pierced by a flash fire charge and a main charge .
hole. The recess within the nosepiece houses a Total weight of bomb: 11 pounds .
movable detonator carrier and a creep spring . Construction of body : The bomb body consists
An off-center transverse safety pin prevents the of a 1/'B inch thick steel tube welded longitudinally
detonator carrier from hitting the firing pin. The and closed at the forward end by a 34 inch thick
body is a thermite-filled cylindrical magnesium nose plug which is welded in place. A cylindrical
tube . The forward end is threaded internally to wooden block. is .fitted part way into the aft end
receive the. nosepiece. The after end is boat-tailed of the body and secured by six countersunk wood
to accommodate the conical tail cone . Three- screws . The block contains the simple. impact fuze
fourths inch aft of the forward end are four vent and spring-loaded safety pin and also acts as the
holes, 90° apart . The conical tail cone, made of connecting element between the body and the
light sheet metal, slips over the boat-tailed after tail . Two % inch vent holes are drilled longitudi-
body of the bomb, and is secured to it by four nally through the block 180° apart . The fuze is
screws . Each of the three fins, which are made of 2 ;R inches long and has a 1 ;,6 inch diameter .
the same material as the cone, has its inner edge The tubular aluminum body contains a striker
turned and held to the cone by four rivets . Where and a creep spring . A solid threaded plug closes
the three fins meet aft of the apex of the tail cone, the aft , end and a plug containing the primer
they are, braced and held together by angular screws into the forward end. A spring-loaded
metal strips, which are riveted onto both sides safety pin holds the striker in position . The
of each fin by two rivets. The outer edge of each incendiary filling in the. bomb body consists of a
fin is turned for a distance of 34 inch from the after first fire charge which is adjacent to the primer
end. Six rivets hold these turned edges to a ciiX and a main charge below- it . The first fire charge is
cular strut. Filling the inside of the tail cone is a. compressed black powder composed of magne-
a conical cloth bag containing a pyrotechnic sium, barium peroxide and potfissiurn nitrate .
mixture which ;nay have explosive properties . The main charge is tlwrmitcX- .
RESTRICTED 15
 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security lfrmatioi:

TAIL SECTION
(UNPAINTED TIN COLOR) --X-

AF i CLOS k PIG IfLUG

.CYLINQPICA', . WOOD PLUG

CREEP SPRING . ... ..

SAFETY PIN - 900

WOOD SCREWS ---X-.
CUT OF POSITION

BOMf9 BODY (B1_ACK OR

OLIVE DRAB) FIRST FIRE CHARGE

FORWARD CLOSING PLUG

SUSPENSION BAND

THERMITE FILLING

Figure 12-5-kg. Thermite Incendiary Bomb.

Construction of tail : The tail, consisting of a Operation : When the bomb is released the
tinned sheet steel tube closed at the after end, is arming wire is withdrawn, allowing the spring-
secured to the wooden block by five wood screws .
The tail and body sections rest flush against one loaded safety pin to fly out, awning the fuze.
another, completely concealing the wooden block On impact, the striker compresses the creep spring
to which they are attached . A slot in the tail
receives the brass safety pin housing which is and hits -the primer . The explosion of the primer
contained in the wooden block. ignites the first fire charge and 'tbe thermite .

Type 47 12-kg. Thermite Incendiary Bomb

Fuzes: A-2 (a) (fitted with a magazine) .
Over-all length : 25% inches .
Length of body : 14 ;2' inches .
Diameter of body: 4 inches .
Thickness of wall: 3;s inch.
Material of wall : Steel .
Type of suspension: Horizontal .
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Security Information ARMY BOMBS

Suspension lug : Normal Army suspension lug on Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 3% inches ;
barrel, plus an improvised suspension device width, % inch ; thickness, }ia inch .
described below. Material of tail : Xe inch rolled steel .
Type of filling : Three thermite-filled magnesium
Color and markings : Black over-all with a ye inch
fire pots. Two black powder charges.
white stripe just forward of the suspension lug.
Weight of filling : Fire pots, 10 pounds ; black
Length o£ tail: 11 inches . powder charges, 11 ounces.
Width of tail : 53is inches . Total weight of bomb : 26 pounds .
Width of tail fins: 2%, inches . Charge/Weight ratio : 38 percent.

E RAND

X,Ai(SJKARO- TUBC

FCASX CHANNEL

hxf:7 A_: WAS, !

--ALiT',4i?dTA Dt5C

Figure 13-Type 97 12-kg. Thermite Incendiary Bomb.

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security lulormation

Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is Type 97 50-ICq . Incendiary Bomb

screwed into a tubular-steel body . A normal Fuzes : Nose : A-2 (a) or A-2 (b) ; Tail : None .
hinged Army suspension lug and an additional
suspension device are fitted to the body . The Over-all length : 45 inches .
suspension device consists of two steel bands 1 ;jR Length of body : ;z inch .
inch wide, each secured around the body by a Diameter of body : 7'/2 inches .
bolt and nut. The bands are joined by a steel Thickness of wall : '11 r, inch .
strip ij inch wide which is welded to them . A Material of wall : Steel.
j4 inch steel rod formed into a suspension yoke
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
is welded to the steel strip. A tail cone is welded
to a collar which fits into the after end of the body Suspension lug : Normal Army suspension lug.
and is held in place by four rivets . Color and markings : Gray over all. A yellow
and a white band are stenciled just forward of
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded the suspension lug. There is a red band around
to the tail cone and are braced by a single row of the nose .
box-type struts . Length of tail : 18Xz inches .
Width of tail : 93is inches .
Operation : The fuze is armed in flight and on Material of tail : Sheet steel .
impact the magazine is fired which in turn ignites Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 6;, inches ;
the black powder charge . The flash from this diameter, 5ie inch.
charge travels down a central flash channel ignit- Type of filling : 400-450 rubber bungs (1 inch
ing the incendiary composition in the fire pots and
long by 1 inch diameter) impregnated with
firing the black powder charge in the tail. The
phosphorus dissolved in carbon disulphide .
explosive force of the two black powder charges
The high-explosive charge in the nose and
is sufficient to shear the four rivets at the after
central burster tube is picric acid .
end of the bomb body and thus expel the fire pots.
Weight of filling: Incendiary filling, 37 pounds ;
Remarks : The suspension yoke will be found on picric acid, 5.5 pounds.
this bomb only when it is suspended from a Total weight of bomb : 110 pounds.
balloon. Charge weight ratio : 39 percent.

Construction of body : A steel nosepiece is held

by three grub screws to a steel sealing plate . The
plate is welded to a tubular-steel body by a
continuous circumferential weld. A burster tube
threads into the sealing plate and the joint is made
airtight by a lead, washer. A tail cone is welded
to the after end of the body.
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
to the tail cone and are braced by two sets of
tubular struts .
Remarks : This bomb case was originally
designed to contain gas.

18 RESTRICTED
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security information ARMY BOMBS

-- SUSP P4S ION BAND

Figure 14--Type 97 SO-kg. Incendiary Bomb,

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 JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE
RESTRICTED
Secarily information

SuSnm,Irh at'

Figure 15-Type 100 50-kg. Incendiary Bomb.

Type 100 50-k9. Incendiary Bomb Type of filling : 400-450 rubber bungs (1 inch
long by 1 inch diameter) impregnated with
Fuzes: A-2 (a), A-2 (b), A--2 (c) . phosphorus dissolved in carbon disulphide .
Over-all length: 403 inches . The high-explosive charge in the nose and
Length of body: 23% inches. central burster tube is picric acid.
Diameter of body: 7 inches . Weight of filling : Incendiary filling, 35 pounds ;
Thickness of wall: 3a inch. picric acid, 5 pounds.
Material of wall: Steel . Total weight of bomb : 97 pounds.
Type of suspension: Horizontal. Charge/weight ratio : 44 percent .
Suspension lug : Normal Arny type . Construction of body : A steel nosepiece is held
Color and markings : Gray over-all with a white by three grub screws to a. steel sealing plate.
band forward of the suspension lug and a red The plate is welded to a tubular steel body by a
band around the nose. continuous circumferential weld. A burster tube
Length of tail: 16% inches . threads into the sealing plate and the joint is
Width of tail : gY inches . made airtight by a lead washer . A tail cone is
Width of tail fins: 4% inches . welded to the after end of the body.
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 5%t inches ; Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
width, 1%z inches ; thickness Yc inch . to the tail cone and are braced by a single set of
Material of tail : Steel . box-type struts .
20 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED ARMY BOMBS
Security lnformatiuu

- 5¬' X';_u5l ON BANG

5w6RSTING CHARGE

1
SEAL E'+(> PL- 11-

ALPERNAITF S= a'_1t4G FLATS

Figure 16-Type 100 50-kg. Smoke Bomb .

Type 100 50-kg. Smoke Bomb Material -of tail: Sheet steel .
Type of filling: FS Smoke analyzed to be chloro-
Fuzes: A-2 (a), A-2 (b), A-2 (c) . sulfonic acid, 41 percent, and sulphur trioxide,
Over-all length : 40y inches . 54 percent, sulphuric acid, 5 percent.
Length of body : 233; inches . Weight of filling: Chemical filling, 51 pounds.
Diameter of body : 7 inches . High-explosive filling, 6 pounds.
Thickness of wall : is inch . Total weight of bomb: 117 pounds .
Material of wall: Steel. Charge/weight ratio : 48 percent.
Type of supension: Horizontal . Construction of body : A steel nosepiece is held
Suspension lug: A normal Army suspension lug by three screws to be a steel sealing plate. The
attached to a carrying band . nosepiece houses a charge of picric acid. The
Color and markings : Grey over-all with a red sealing plate is welded to a tubular-steel body
band around nose . "50H" and the smoke by a continuous circumferential weld. A burster
symbol "T" are stenciled in white on the body . tube containing picric acid threads into the
Length of tail : 1639 inches . sealing plate . A tail cone is welded to the after
Width of tail : 9/1'4 inches . end of the body .
Width of tail fins : 412 inches . Construction of tail : Four steel fins, are welded
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 5 ;116 inches ; to the tail cone and are braced by a single row of
width, 1X inches ; thickness, 3;6 inch . box-type struts .
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 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Intornlatioo

Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 6% inches ;

diameter, ;;e inch.
Material of tail: Sheet steel .
Type of filling : 50/50 Lewisite-mustard gas
mixture .
Weight of filling : 50 pounds .
Total weight of bomb: 110 pounds.
Charge/weight ratio : 46 percent .
Construction of body : A steel nosepiece is held
by three screws to the bomb body. The nose
contains a picric acid burster, charge . A tail cone
is welded to the after end of the body ; the body
and tail cavity is filled with liquid gas . A central
burster charge container is threaded into the for-
LEt"!SiI G4S
.
ward end of the body. It houses a firing pin,
detonator, booster and a picric acid burster charge .
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
to the tail cone and are braced by two sets of
tubular struts .
5'15FCI I LJ2

X;"tiTPAL . ?i"SYER _HAR(i_ Type 90 Small Model Parachute Flare

._
R0 C';T"ri
Over-all length of container : 26'/, inches .
Diameter of container: 2% inches .
- UE i CNATOR
Over-all length of flare body : 14 inches .
-CIRIIdC, .PIN
Diameter of flare body : 2 ;;6 inches .
-SCi7 Material of wall : Sheet steel .
-CAR,XeoVD 0ls, Type of suspension : Thrown by hand from plane .
NCG5 E E,'PS FER CHARGE
Color of markings : Container is blue over all .
Flare body is a natural steel color.
, B)r4TCR PELLET
Type of filling : A black powder ignition charge
Figure 17-Type 92 50-kg. Gas Bomb . and a main filling of an illuminating composi-
tion of barium chlorate 75.2 percent, gum 24.8
Type 92 504g . Gas Bomb percent.
Fuzes : A-2 (a), A-2 (b), A-2 (c) . Weight of filling : Illuminant, 4 pounds.
Over-all length: 45 inches . Total weight of flare : 8 pounds (approximately) .
Length of body: 26% inches . Description : Each flare is packed in a blue-
Diameter of body: 734 inches . tinned steel container which is opened by a tear
Thickness of wall: No inch. off strip . Housed within the container is a split
Material of wall: Steel . cardboard cylinder closed at one end with a cap
Type of suspension : Horizontal. and hinged at the other end . The cylinder con-
Suspension lug: A normal Army suspension lug tains a parachute and flare unit. The flare unit
attached to a carrying band. consists of a pull igniter, delay train, ignition
Color and markings : Bomb is grey over all charge and illuminating composition in a sheet-
with a red-tipped nose and a blue band aft steel tube. The pull igniter wire is attached to
of the led band. There is a yellow band and the parachute shrouds .
white band forward of the suspension lug and The flare proper houses a pull-type igniter
a yellow band aft of the suspension lug. which is activated by the initial jerk at the open-
Length of tail : 1834 inches . ing of the parachute . The striker is spring loaded.
Width of tail: ON, inch . Two arms pivoted on the striker release grip the
Width of tail fins : 434 inches . eye on the end of the striker. The flare body is
22 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED
Information
Security ARMY BOMBS

. .vlrl FI ; :i7PL

CAR 8C Ru .. .i iA I

7,
-V ;'S_-5
,

F'ER"Ua'IzX:" Cti:

- . ;i"At,V PLwOER
.;i"''i 4? : U . .

i"iN#T',,ki , ;_," _ ;iir?E ivi : .3

.. .
NII :NIK:Y CA1X fN`- .- .-:,w

I'6iUE;, .X .>

ALisY1 ;U.,' i:2 +IvC

2LY ij ; . i A:RE FERF'.RA7'ED !;J a',

Figure 18-Type 90 Small Model Parachute Flare.

formed from varnished sheet steel rolled and end of the central tube. The case is crimped
soldered into the form of a cylinder. The case over this disk. A conical cap with a hole in the
of the flare (furthest from the parachute) is apex to accommodate the pull wire is fastened to
serrated and the teeth crimped over the perfo- the case and spacer with three wood screws .
rated disk . Two fiber washers and a steel cap The main filling extends from the wooden spacer
held on by tape protect the network of powder down to the ignition charge and is pressed into
strips . The end of the central tube passes through the flare case . Several coils of copper wire around
a hole in the center of the perforated disk and is the central tube prevent the filling from falling
crimped over it. An aluminum. casting fits into out of the base when the flare is burning in the
the central tube and guides some of the powder air. The ignition charge is packed unevenly
strips in the disk through grooves in its face over below the main filling .
the strips within the ignition tube. At the top Operation : The tear strip is removed and the
of the flare is a wooden spacer drilled centrally cardboard cylinder slipped out. The cap is
to accommodate the central tube, A steel clos- removed from the cylinder, binding tapes untied
ing disk rests on the spacer and is soldered to the and the flare is dropped from the plane, The
RESTRICTED 23
 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Senrity Infuinaffon

resultant tug from the opening of the parachute Type 1 12-kg . Parachute Flare
pulls the igniter wire . The striker hits the cap Fuzes : D-5 (a) .
which ignites the delay train which fires the igni- Over-all length : 37 inches .
tion charge which in turn ignites the illuminating
Length of body : 37 inches .
composition . Several coils of copper wire in the
Diameter of body : 4 io inches .
illuminant prevent the filling from falling out of
Thickness of wall : 3ia inch.
the base while the flare is burning in the air,
Material of wall : Sheet steel .
The flare burns for 2 minutes and 40 seconds Type of suspension : Horizontal .
with an intense greenish-white flame . Suspension lug : NormalArmy type suspension lug.
Color and markings : Black over all .
WOODEN DISC SAFETY
Length of tail : 11 Y4 inches.
WIRE EYELETS
Width of tail : Ey e inches .
Width of tail fins : i inch.
Dimensions of tail struts : None.
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Type of filling : Illuminant.
Weight of filling : Illuminant, 15 pounds .
Total weight of bomb: 27 pounds.
FIBER PARACHUTE
CONTAINER
Charge/weight ratio : 57 percent.
Description : The cylindrical external case of
SILK PARACHUTE sheet steel construction is closed at one end by a
AND SHRCUDS conical nose piece and at the after end by a wooden
disk . The nose, threaded to receive a fuze, is
filled by a wooden block. A black powder igni-
ASBESTOS tion charge is just aft of the block. The central
body houses a parachute and a candle unit. The
-
- STf f= L PLATE AND LUG
silk parachute is surrounded by a split cylindrical
fiber housing. The shrouds are attached to a
'/s inch wire rope 53 inches long which is attached
to the candle unit. The illuminant is contained
in a sheet-steel cylinder, open at the forward end
1 LLUM1 [ NANT and closed at the after end by a steel plate . The
open forward end rests on the black powder charge
1 L LUtA I NANT CO"ETA I NER
in the nose. While carried in the plane a safety
wire is passed through two eyelets at the tail end
of the external case, preventing the parachute
from coming out until the flare has been released
from the plane.
FLACK POKER EXPELLING
Operation : When the ,fuze-initiates explosion on
AND I Uf! I T I CN CHARGE
the black powder charge, the resultant flash ignites
the illuminant . The expanding gases cause both
the parachute and the illuminant container to be
expelled out the rear of the flare case . The para-
chute housing fells away allowing the parachute
to be opened .
..----X° NOSE ' PLUG' The illuminant burns for 1y to 3 minutes with
Figure 19--Type 1 12-kg. Parachute Flare . a greenish-white flame.
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Security Information

The main components of the illuminant are:

Percent

Barium Nitrate______________ ____ 77

Aluminum----- ____t_____ _________ _ 8.8
Magnesium________________
-------------------------- 4.4
Sulphur___
----------------------------- 2.2
Paraffin_____
------------------------------- 4.5

Type 3 Parachute Flare

Fuzes: D-5 (b) .

Over-all length . 4232 inches .
Length of body : 39'/2 inches .
Diameter of body : 634 inches .
Thickness of wall: sa inches .
Material of wall: Sheet steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug: Normal Army type hinged sus-
pension lug. -i LLUMI NAfdT
Color and markings : Dull red over all.
Length of tail fins : 1132 inches .
Width of tail fins : 1 ;8 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : 1 inch wide ; 1o inch
thick ; 6% inches inside diameter.
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Type of filling: Illuminant .
Weight of filling: 66 lb.
Total weight of bomb: 84 lb.
Construction of body : The flare consists of 3
main elements : (1) the flare case., (2) the illumi-
nating candle unit, (3) the parachute.
1 . The flare case consists of three sections : a
nosepiece, body and end cap. The nosepiece is
soldered securely to the body, and the hemi-
spherical end cap is held in position by spot
soldering in four places . Four t$il fins are welded
to the after two-fifths of the, body. A steel ring
1 inch wide fits around the body at its junction
with the. tail cone . It is attached to the fins and
serves to brace them as well as to retard the
velocity of the flares free fall . The nose is threaded Figure 20-Type 3 Parachute Flare.
to receive the fuze .
is open and fits against a wooden block in the
2. The illuminant is contained in a cardboard nosepiece. The illuminant at the open end con-
canister which is covered by sheet brass 0.025 inch tains in its center an ignition charge 3 inches in
thick . The after end is closed by a steel plate, diameter and %4 inch thick .
held by screws to the cylinder. A ',4-inch wire Inches

rope 65 inches long from which the candle unit is Length of illurninant container_----------- 26
suspended is attached to this steel plate by means Length of illuminant-------------------- 24 ;/2
of a shackle. The forward end of the. container Diameter of illuminant------------------
------------------ 5 i/2
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

3. There is a single. sills parachute housed in The expanding gases force the end cap off and
the after end of the body . It is surrounded by a eject the parachute and illuminating candle unit .
layer of cardboard to insure smooth ejection . The flare sheds a bright white light and burns for
Operation : Shortly after being released from the 3 minutes and 40 seconds.
plane the aerial burst fuze operates . The re-
Type 97 15-k9. Concrete Bomb
sultant flash from the magazine ignites the, igni-
tion charge which in turn ignites the illuminant . Fuzes: A-2 (b), A-2 (d) .
Over-all length : 26 inches .
,_ , r, .
:XX'.JXii`[
i :XUu Length of body : 17% inches .
Diameter of body : 4 inches .
Thickness of .wall : %2 inch.
Material of wall : Sheet steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal or vertical .
Suspension lug: A typical Army suspension lug
attached to a steel band around the body .
Another suspension lug is fastened to a pipe
which is part of the tail assembly .
Color and markings: Black over all. Red stripe
on nose . Yellow stripe and white stripe forward
of suspension lug.
Length of tail : s% inches .
Width of tail: 5,X inches.
Width of tail fins: 2'/, inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 3% inches ;
-STEEL PELLETS width, y inch ; thickness, 3f6 inch .
5ET I r. CONCRETE Material of tail: Sheet steel.
Type of filling: Cast picric in a central exploder
tube surrounded by steel pellets set in concrete .
Weight of filling: Picric acid, 3 pounds.
Total weight of bomb: 32 pounds .
Construction of body : The body is constructed
of a light sheet steel cylinder which surrounds a
steel central burster tube . The space between the
tube and the outercasing is filled with steel pellets
set in concrete . The nose of the bomb is slightly
tapered. A steel adapter ring is welded to the
end of the nosepiece. It is threaded internally to
receive another ring which contains the nose
fuze pocket . The central burster tube is an ex-
plosive filled '/8 inch steel cylinder, 2% inches in
diameter and 1637' inches long . A base plug is
inserted into the after end of the central tube and
held in place by a friction fit.
Construction of tail : A steel pipe % inch in
diameter and 9 inches long is welded to the base
plug. Four tail fins are welded to the pipe and to
the base plug. The tail fins are braced by a
single set of box-type struts . A hinged lug for
vertical suspension is attached to the after part
Figure 21-Type 97 15-&g. Concrete Bomb. of the steel pipe .
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Security information ARMY BOMBS

Material of wall : Concrete .

Type of suspension : Horizontal .
STRUTS

i= I'S Suspension lug : Normal Army hinged lug.

r. Color and markings : Black over-all with a red
band on nose . Markings in white : weight,
place, and date of manufacture.
Length of tail : 9}4 inches .
Width of tail : 5'/ inches .
Width of tail fins : 2% inches.
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 332 inches ;
width, 34 inch ; thickness, inch .
Material of tail : Sheet steel .
Type of filling : Central steel tube filled with black
powder.
Weight of filling : 1 .2 pound.
.Li= ?345F r'LA'E

Total weight of bomb : 22 pounds.

Construction of body : The bomb consists of a
thick concrete case surrounding a steel central
tube . The tube is filled with loose black powder.
It is threaded internally at both ends . A steel
well containing a nose fuze pocket threads into
the forward end of the. tube . A brass disk is
placed between the fuze and the black powder.
The after end of the tube is closed by a male. base
plate. A length of pipe is attached to the base,
plate by four screws .
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are welded to
the pipe extending from the base plate. Four
single struts support the fins .

Type 1 30-kg. Substitute Bomb

Fuzes: A-2 (b), A2(d) ; B- I (a),
Over-all length : 32 inches .
,.'.f i'.. E TE . , Length of body : 20 inches .
r`.
4'1 SC
Diameter of body : 5',g inches .
Thickness of wall : ',is inch.
~5 L - XZZE FL'IL
Material of wall : Sheet steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug: A typical hinged Army suspension
lug is attached to a steel band which fits around
the bomb .
Color of markings : Black over all with a red-
Figure 22--Type 94 1049. Substitute Bomb . tipped nose . Size and type of bomb are
stenciled. forward of the suspension lug. Place
Type 94 1 0-kg . Substitute Bomb and date. of manufacture are stenciled aft.
Length of tail : 11 / 16 inches .
11 1

Fuzes : A-2 (b) . Width of tail: 7 inches .

Over-all length : 27 ;2 inches . Width of tail fins : 2 inches .
Lengtb of body : 18 ;4 inches . Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 53is inches ;
Diameter of body : 4',e inches . width, l ;, nch ; thickness, 3i s inch.
s i

Thickness of wall : 1 inch (approximate) .

- Material of tail : Sheet steel.
RESTRICTED 27
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

Construction of body : The body is constructed

of a light sheet steel cylinder which surrounds a
steel central burster tube . The space between.
the tube and outer casing is filled with steel
pellets set in concrete .
The nose section is welded to the barrel . A
steel adapter ring is welded to the end of this
section . The adapter ring is internally threaded
to receive another ring which contains the nose
fuze pocket .
The central exploder tube contains two tinned
steel canisters . The forward container is filled
with black powder. The. larger after container
is filled with a high explosive .
The tail cone is welded to the barrel and has a
fuze pocket at its apex.
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are welded to
the tail cone and braced by a single set of box-
J? EAf'Lf -)ER 1JBE type struts .
o
x ..
Remarks : The bomb body and tail cone may be
i
0.
pierced by 4 rows of holes 90° apart. Each row
contains 11 holes which are 1/64 inch in diameter .
- ---.--.X.._. .-.. r, ? GH F-x r-Lt: S I v It is assumed that the purpose of the holes is to
release the moisture and air in the newly cast
concrete filling .

:-
B LA'' t< ,
PC ¬41L t; Type 95 4-kg. Practice Bomb
Fuzes: None . _
Over-all length : 26 inches .
STEEL PEE:tl_ETS SE Length of body : 16 X inches .
tN UPCRETE Diameter of body ; 4 1 116 inches .
Thickness of wall : Concrete nose, Ys inch . Steel
body, 'is2 inch.
Material of wall : Nose, concrete . Body, sheet
steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug: Rectangular suspension lug held
to the bomb body by a steel eye .
Color and markings : Black over all, "4K" marked
on the nose .
Length of tail: 9;2 inches .
Width of tail: 4 ;8 inches .
Figure 23-Type 1 30-kg. Substitute Bomb .
Width of tail fins : 1 ;16 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 3',X inches ;
Type of filling: Main filling is steal pellets set in width, is inch ; thickness, ;32 inch .
concrete . Central tube contains black powder Material of tail: Sheet steel .
and high explosive . Type of filling: Tannic chloride smoke compound .
Weight of filling: Ekplosive filling, 2 .81b. Weight of filling: 6 .4 ounces .
Total weight of bomb : 63 lb. Total weight of bomb : 8.8 pounds .
28 RESTRICTED
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A metal disk with a striker point is nailed to the

after end of the spindle . A perforated steel
cylinder is attached to the apex of the. tail cone .
This cylinder houses an ampoule containing the
smoke compound . It is held in place by a base
plate . A 9 inch steel safety pin fits through the
tail cone and wooden spindle.
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are attached
to the tail cone by screws and are soldered to the
steel cylinder . The fins are braced by two sets of
tiXCn a L XP;a
I
box-type struts .
Operation : The safetypin is removed and the
bomb is dropped . On impact the nosepiece is
v ' tFi1 Fi`d
crushed and the wooden spindle extension is
7L%DL E pushed into the tail of the bomb shearing the shear
wire. The striker point at the end of the spindle
breaks the ampoule. freeing the smoke compound .

Type 2 i/3-kg. Cluster Bomb

Fuzes : B-5 (a) .
Over-all length : 10; inches .
Length of body : 43g inches .
Diameter of body : 1 ;16 inches .
Thickness of wall : 1 inch.
%

Material of wall: Steel .

X,';L '(-_LAP,

Type of suspension : Carried in clusters of 30 or

76 in a container.
Suspension lug : None .
Color and markings : Body is black. with yellow
band around center . The tail extension and
tail are grey .
Length of tail : 6 inches .
Width of tail: 1 ;9 inches .
Width of tail fins : N inch.
Dimensions of tail struts : Diameter, 1 ;N inches ;
width, 1 ;2 inches ; thickness, inch .
%I6

Figure 24-Type 95 44g. Practice Bomb . 11-Zaterial of tail : Aluminum .

Type of filling: TNT, 60 percent ; RDX, 40
Construction of body : The bomb is of three- percent.
piece construction consisting of a concrete. nose- Weight of filling: 4 ounces .
piece, sheet-steel body and wooden tail cone . The Total weight of bomb: 11 ounces .
steel body fits over the after part o£ the nose and Charger eight ratio : 37 percent.
is held there by four screws . The nose houses a
wooden spindle extension . A steel shear wire Construction of body : The cylindrical steel body
passes through the nose. and spindle extension . A is crimped around the nosepiece and screwed into
wooden spindle supported by a metal collar fits the forward end of the tail extension. An inner
into the after end of the extension . The spindle cone is found at the forward end of the body
extends the full length of the body and into the which gives a "Monroe effect" on exploding. The
tail cone . The wooden tail cone is held to the tail cone which houses the fuze is screwed into
after end of the body by four screws . It is the after end of the tail extension . The booster
drilled centrally to a.ccornmodate the spindle . assembly is contained in the tail extension .
X .iy :,Slll S I- RESTRICTED
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Security Information
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

EF },,Or1,IFIFi}
L v ;Ew

,41 X_. ;31 ; n, X F

t: T E.°l, T

mOD I F I ED BNR

Figure 2'5-Type 2 1/3-kg. Cluster Bomb.

Construction of tail : Three aluminum tail fins These bombs are filled with Japanese Army Mark
are attached to the tail cane by screws . They 2 explosive (TANOYAKU-50 percent TNT--
are braced by a single hexagonal strut and by a 50 percent RDX). A Ys-inch layer of pure cyclo-
hexagonal end plate. (See modified bomb .) nite poured in on top fills up the bomb body .
Remarks : Modified bomb : A container full of Evidently in an efgrt to reduce UXB's the
modified type 2 40-min bombs has been recovered_ arming spindle of recent bombs was lengthened
30 RESTRICTED
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security Information ARMY BOMBS

about /8 of an inch. This increase allows the Type of suspension : Carried in clusters of 63 in a
cup-shaped vanes to protrude further into the container .
wind stream . Suspension lug : None.
The end plate on the modified bombs is omitted. Color and markings : Black over all with 1/1 6 inch
A 316-inch strut at the extreme end of the fins is yellow stripe }2 inch forward of base and a red
substituted . A golden lacquered, thin, tinned band around the nose .
steel is substituted for the older type aluminum Length of tail: 2 inches .
tail fins . Width of tail : 3 inches .
Captured documents describe the use of this Width of tail fins : 1% inch.
bomb in air to air bombing. Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 2%2 inches ;
width, 3g inch ; thickness, jib inch .
Type 3 1/2-kg . Cluster Bomb Material of tail: Sheet steel.
Type of filling: TNT, 58 percent ; RDX, 42 per-
Fuzes : A--6(a), A--6(b) .
Over-all length : 4% inches . cent.
Weight of filling: 7 ounces .
Length of body : 23a inches.
Diameter of body : 23's inches . Total weight of bomb: 14 ounces .
Thickness of wall: Yk inch . Charge/weight ratio : 50 percent .
Construction of body : The body consists of a
Material of wall : Drawn steel.
drawn-steel cup to which is welded a cast-steel
nose .
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are spot
A-Gcas FUZE welded to the base of the body . They are sup-
RED BAND ported by a single set of box-type struts .
It F14 ;LOT Remarks : A distinguishing feature of these
bombs is the construction which permits
WMTH TELLY
fitting the nose of one bomb into the tail of
another. This union of the nose and tail serves
YELLOW SAND two purposes : (1) It prevents the fuze vanes from
rotating while in the cluster ; (2) It decreases the
length of the. space needed to contain the fuzed
bombs in cluster containers .

Type 2 1/s-k9. Bomb

Fuzes: A-7 (a) .
Over-all length : 413x2 inches .
Diameter of body : 2;2 inches .
Thickness of wall: 3x2 inch.
-WFLis
Color and markings : Black over-all with red band
- EXPL'S I VE ,Ci=N 6;
around the nose .
Type of filling : TNT, 60 percent ; RDX, 40 per-
cent.
Weight of filling : 8 ounces .
Total weight of bomb: 14 ounces (without fuze) .
Charge/weight ratio: 60 .7 per cent .
Description : The bomb assembly consists of a
small bomb and fuze, a reel of steel cable., and two
NE i0
parachutes packed in a split can with a hinged
" 1'AtIE 5""n'3T
bottom and a screw top . The bomb proper is a
steel cylinder closed at both ends . The walls and
base are made in one piece with a smaller exten-
figure 26-Type 3 1/249 . Cluster Sornb. sion drawn out from the base to take the base
RESTRICTED 31
 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE --EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Norrra,iar

>'-- FUzE
GA. hF;E

..,, ;r_t ; iE

EFPLUS I J!_

-EASE PLUG

-BEAR f4G

-BALL 6EARlN6

CABLE ;4H', ,

Figure 27-Type 2 1/2-kg . 8om6 .

plug. The nose end is closed by a disk welded unscrewed and the safety pin removed from the
onto the walls. A protruding threaded collar is arming vane. It is probable that the entire can
welded onto the disk. The cable attachment is without the lid is discharged from the airplane .
threaded to a base plug which screws into the base Air resistance would quickly eject the contents
of the bomb and is held there by a locking nut. from the container .
A-7 (a) is an all-ways action fuze screwed into
As soon as the bomb starts to fall through the
the nose collar of the bomb. air, the parachute opens, the cable partially un-
The parachute assembly consists of the main winds, and the arming vane rotates . Ten revolu-
parachute, attached to the auxiliary parachute, tions suffice to unscrew the spindle from the fuze
which is attached to the reel containing 164 feet
body ; the, vane and spindle then fall away. The
of '/,6 inch diameter steel wire, which is connected striker and primer are now free in the fuze body,
to the cable attachment on top of the bomb.
held apart only by a spring.
The small auxiliary parachute is 13X inches in
diameter unfilled, and is attached to the top of When the plane strikes the cable, the bomb is
the reel by nine 15-inch silk shrouds . The main either drawn up against the plane or whipped up,
parachute is 36Y inches in diameter unfilled . eventually hitting the plane . On impact with
Thirteen silk shrouds, 37M inches long, are attached the plane, inertia causing the fuze parts to move
to a cord leading out of the top of the auxiliary in any direction except toward the nose of the
parachute by 8% inches of double bungee cord . fuze, will cause the striker and primer carrier to
Operation : This bomb is designed for air to air be driven together, firing the fuze, and detonating
bombing . Prior to release, the container lid is the bomb.
32 RESTRICTED
 RESTRICTED
Security Information ARMY BOMBS
Remarks : Since the fuze is designed not to fire Material of wall : Corrugated sheet steel.
when the bomb strikes on its nose, the bombs Type of suspension : Horizontal .
may not explode on impact with the ground (if Suspension lug : Normal Army type suspension
it misses a plane) . Since the spring is quite lug.
weak, a highly sensitive and dangerous UXB may Color and markings : Black over all.
be expected. Length of tail . 6 inches .
Width of tail : 7% inches .
Container for 30 Type 2 1/3-kg . Bombs Width of tail fins : None.
Fuzes : None . Dimensions of tail struts : None .
Over-all length : 43 inches . Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Length of body : 37 inches (including nose piece) . Type of filling : 30 type 2 40-mm '4-kg. bombs.
Diameter of body : Maximum, 7% inches ; Mini- Weight of filling : 22 pounds.
mum, 4%a inches . Total weight of bomb : 39 pounds.
Thickness of wall : Y6 inch . Charge weight ratio : 56 percent.

SUSPENSION LUG
0OCKLE
STEEL BAND
FiYT ¬ NG PLATE

"¬ 13 KG . BOMB

SUS=': 1 . Lull,

`+05X 'riXXc ';T'XE fsA13i

Figure 28-Container for 30 Type 2 1/3-kg . Bornbs .

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

Construction : The container is formed by three on either side of the lug to serve as guides for the
interlocking lengths of corrugated sheet steel. arming wires.
Each end is closed by a hollow cone made of sheet Operation : When the container is released from
steel. The three interlocking lengths are held in the plane, the arming wire is withdrawn. The
position by two sheet steel bands and buckles. buckles open and the steel bands fall away. The
The buckles are prevented from opening by two three sections of the body separate allowing the
arming wires . bombs to fall free.
Remarks: Fitted around the container there
Attached to the tail piece are three manila
may be a safety device consisting of a canvas
cords 13 inches long. To each of these is attached
strap, a black powder burster charge in a small
a steel hook which fits into a hole in each of the
container, and a friction igniter with a 2-second
three body sections .
delay. The lip-miter cord is attached to the arming
One of the three interlocking corrugated lengths wire and as the container leaves the plane the
serves as the top of the bomb. Spot welded to delay train is ignited. After 2 seconds, the strap
this is a smooth semicircular sheet steel piece is blown apart and the sections of the container
25;2 inches long. The Army type suspension lug fall free.
is attached to this piece . Eyebolts are welded
Container For 76 Type 2 1/3-kg . Bombs

Fuzes : None .
Over-all length : 41M inches .
Length of body : 41 ;2 inches .
Diameter of body: S inches .
Thickness of wall : '/,a inch .
Material of wall : Corrugated sheet steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Army type suspension
lug.
Color and markings : Black over-all .
Length of tail : None .
Width of tail : None .
Width of tail fins : None .
Dimensions of tail struts : None.
Material of tail : None .
. ;
_ S 3SHNS?GN LPu Type of filling : 76 type 2 40-mm %-kg. bombs.
.--FITTPLATE Weight of filling : 56 pounds (approximate) .
Total weight of bomb : 77 pounds .
- ;,APD&,jAQ , SPA Charge/weight ratio : 72 percent .
Construction of body : The container is formed
by three interlocking lengths of corrugated sheet
steel, closed at each end by hexagonal sheet steel
plates . The three interlocking lengths are held
in position by four encircling sheet steel bands
and buckles. The buckles are prevented from
opening by two arming wires. To a hub on the
exterior of the after end plate are attached three
bungee cords 7}2 inches long, to each of which is
attached a steel hook . Each hook fits into a hole
in the side of each section of the container.
One of the three interlocking corrugated lengths
Figure 29--Container for 76 Type 2 1/3-kg. Bombs . serves as the upper portion of the horizontally
34 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED ARMY BOMBS
Security Information

suspended container . To this upper portion is Container for 63 Type 3 f/2-kg . Bombs
spot welded a smooth semicircular sheet steel
piece 31% inches long, in the center of which is Fuzes : N one .
located the suspension lug. On each side of the Over-all length : 42X inches .
lug, between it and the inboard steel bands, there Length of body : 42X inches .
is welded an eyebolt to take the arming wires. Diameter of body : S inches .
Operation: When the container is released from Thickness of wall : 11 s inch.
the plane, the arming wire is withdrawn. The Material of wall : Corrugated sheet steel .
buckles open and the steel bands fall away. The Type of suspension : Horizontal .
three sections of the body separate, allowing the Suspension lug: Normal Army suspension lug .
bombs to fall free . Color and markings : Black over-all .
Remarks : Fitted around the container there Length of tail : None .
may be a safety device consisting of a canvas Width of tail: None.
strap, a black powder burster charge in a small Width of tail fins : None .
container, and a friction igniter with a 2-second Dimensions of tail struts : None.
delay . The igniter cord is attached to the Material of tail: None .
arming wire and as the container leaves the plane Type of filling: 63 type. 3 }2-kg. bombs.
the delay train is ignited. After 2 seconds, the Weight of filling: 69 pounds.
strap is blown apart and the sections of the con- Total weight of bomb : 92 pounds.
tainer fall free . Charge/weight ratio : 75 percent.
-RF.T C ; 4ANDs-_-

;
ta3RSi Nu "Hi1HU1' .,'

figure 30--Container for 63 Type 3 113-kg . Bombs.

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 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security information

Description : The container is formed by three The nose plate is held in position by metal tabs,
interlocking sheets of corrugated steel closed at bent 90° on the forward edges of the sidepieces .
each end by hexagonal steel plates . The three The nosepiece has fittings to hold the fuzes of the
side pieces fire held in position by four encircling seven forward bombs and prevent the vanes from
steel retaining bands and buckles. Two steel rotating . The other bombs are kept unarmed in
arming wires run longitudinally along the exterior the container by placing the nose of each in the tail
of the container and pass through these buckles of the one preceding.
holding them closed . In addition two wires fit One of the sidepieces serves as the upper portion
around the container. Where each of these wires of the horizontally suspended container. To this
is secured, there is a small black powder burster section is spot welded a smooth semicircular sheet
charge and a pull igniter. The pull cords of the steel plate 31 inches long in the center of which is
igniters are attached to a ring on the arming wire . located the typical Army suspension lug. On each

I l3N 1 T'E :; IF! (IN .

"h tT`P 17"t D}_IY

Gt_1''1 ;, i l ^ E , U

IAFF V { FIJISE

WxrX . SIVC PE! . .r_T

Figure 31-Type 1 1-kg. Aircraft Missile .

36 RESTRICTED
 RESTRICTED
information ARMY BOMBS
$nuriiy

side of the lug between it and the inboard retaining Type of suspension : Thrown by hand .
bands, there is welded an eyebolt through which Color and markings : Black over all (probably
the arming wire passes . coated with a waterproofing liquid) .
The tail plate Js held in position by three Type of filling: A central burster charge consists
bungee cords which radiate from a central hub of granular black power in a. silk bag. Sur-
on the plate. Each cord terminates in a small rounding the burster charge are 32 cylindrical
sheet-metal pellets containing a low explosive
hook which fits into a bole in each of the side
pieces . charge. Each pellet has a 34 inch safety fuse
Operation : As the bomb container is released which is in contact with the silk bag containing
from the plane the arming wire is withdrawn . the central burster charge .
This releases the retaining band buckles and pulls Dimensions of pellets :
the, igniter cords. The retaining bands fall clear. Diameter : 1ja inches.
After a 3-second delay the igniters fire the black Height : 1%, inch.
powder charges, snapping the, wires. The side- Composition of explosive contained in
pieces of the container open at the forward end pellets
and allow the %-kg . bombs to fall out nose first. Potassium nitrate : 55.7 percent.
Sulphur : 16.7 percent.
Type 1 1-kg . Aircraft Missile Aluminum Powder : 14 .6 percent.
Antimony Sulphide : . 13 .0 percent .
Fuzes : Friction pull igniter . Cottonseed husks are used as packing to
Overall length : 8% inches . fill up the interior of the bomb .
Length of body : 5 ;2 inches (spherical) .
Diameter of body : 5% inches (spherical). Weight of filling : Burster charge : 4.50 ounces ;
Thickness of wall : ;a inch. Explosive pellets : 6.6 ounces.
Material of wall : Compressed paper. Total weight of bomb: 36 .5 ounces .
Construction of body : The missile consists of a
spherical container of compressed paper from
which a tubular neck of compressed cardboard
projects approximately 3 inches . A wooden plug
at the base of this tube houses the friction pull
igniter .
Operation : The cord of the igniter is pulled and
the missie is thrown from the plane . After a
short delay the black powder burster charge
explodes rupturing the paper body scattering the
explosive pellets and simultaneously igniting the
safety fuse of the pellets. After a short delay
the pellets are detonated .
Remarks : This bomb has been reported to be
used in air to air bombing . It has been recovered
from crashed aircraft .

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 RESTRICTED
JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Secutity lntormatien

50-kg . and I00-kg, Pamphlet Container

Fuzes : D---1 (a), D-1 (b) .
50 kg . 100 kg .
Over-all length__37 inches ------- -19 inches .
Length of body_ 19 inches ------- 26 inches .
Diameter of body--- 7 ;a inches ------- 9YX inches .

Thickness of wall : Y1e inch .

Material of wall : Cardboard .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Army type suspension lug.
Color and markings : Brown over-all .

50 kg. 100 kg.

Length of tall ------- 18 inches ------- 23 inches .
Width of tail------ - 6Y4 inches------- 13 inches .
Width of tail fins---- 3% inches ------- 71iz inches .
Dimensions of tail Forward : 6V2 x Forward : 8T/a x
struts . I% x /s inch . I'S x ;; 6 inch .
Aft : 6% x 2% Aft : 9% x 3Y
x Y1a inches . x Xiu inches .
Material of tail : Cardboard .
Type of filling : Small bursting charge and paper pam-
phlets .

Construction of body : The cardboard body con-

",r tains a hemispherical split wooden nose plug to
3 :  , ,-, which is nailed a nose fuze housing . A, burster
charge also fits into the cavity of the nose plug.
SLOTS
There are two longitudinal slits in the body which
terminate 2 inches from either end of the body.
A cardboard tail cone is attached to the body by
four bayonet joints which engage four bolts on the
exterior of the bomb body.

Construction of tail : Four cardboard fins are

taped to the tail cone and are braced by two sets
of cardboard box type struts .

Remarks : The bursting charge splits the bomb

longitudinally` along the two slits into halves
allowing the pamphlets to escape .

Figure 32-504g. and 100-kg. Pamphlet Container.

38 RESTRICTED
 RESTRICTED ARMY BOMBS
Security Information

JAPANESE BO S REPORTED IN CCCUMENTS - NO SPECIMENS HAVE BEEN FOUND

SWKE CCJMPOUNIDS (PURE SALT OXIDE NO . % TIN) T07A L BOME 4E I GHT - 4 .00 WIS .
EMPTY HXVB vi-1 :GHT - 3 .?1J (APPROX . )

SCFT NC'X L
SMOVE CCNTAINEe2 LS ; .X 1E
CASING PLATE [CCFPER PLAT
.)-' CC!,'PCHND VASE `v,ADE C F GLASS )

STOP PI .ij'G -JVEN-IN ERAS)

:L PAPER PLATE (C DA ;: .;F PA Pt R)

SEAT SKIRT (FEM

TYPE SX6 VYta . PRA -TI':"E BOMB

C1 L FREEIRON SHAVINGS AND WASTE LEAtL' PART ICI LES

HEAVY PO4DERY SJBSTAX:CFS SIm,,I'AJR TO THESE, ARE '!IXED
IN A MOULD VORTAR A%@ ',1AX1EXMTO CASTINGS ;'F AiuJT ? .3 KG .

SAFETY PIN

~-- -X 'rAC I i, ]
PLATE

ST'P PLUG'

:LTA?IJita( UAJC X t IFiXL I!iX.XX

TYPE 96 4K+"a . N IGHT P'RACT ICE XDME

BURSTING CHARGE HEAD XX°XLIXFEt}]IL?,r, ; L`.!(:,

BCDY

. X
PRR 1 1A
G
,? XXY BetaXkSl¬ I XG CHARGE .- .J Lr SE.X"CC
"vv,JD,A, ;RY HUR5T ; t-ICX
,JD,A, ;Xn
.
a.X .twIRG :
rXE
--l-ERiiA ;Y D)R:;TING CHAPC:

I%TH YEAR TYPE [J0 t;C . ARX,OP Pi ;--RCiXr'G BCPX,F<.

Figure 33-Miscellaneous Army Bombs.

RESTRICTED 39
 RESTRICTED
eXXnnxoXXmXmv
JAPANESE EXp! OS I VE_ ORDNANCE Security Information

TYPE 2 A! R T0 u!R xOR!ZCNTA LiY CONNECTED DOMU

`FUZE DELAYED 20 SECONDS

CONNECTING CABLE
BOOSTER CHAKE CYLINDER

T .w .T . CAST FILLED BOTH BOMBS HAVE X L--X

A Q1!DE VA N[___-___/
TYPE 2 AIR TO 4/R YERT!C4LLY CONNECTED BOMB

-X----EX PLO5!YE w!SS\LE

!NERT GUIDE B00 ,1AB

REEL

' --'X
XX XX 8USPENS}Dm L VX
CASE
--'!2TH YEAR TYPE !w5T .FUZE

12TH YEAR TvFE ?5 KG . BOMB

Figure Army Bombs.

40 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED
security Information

Chapter 1-Section 2

JAPANESE NAVY BOMBS

Introduction b . The number indicates the weight of the
bomb in units of tens of kilograms . Thus a No . 6
1 . Designation bomb weighs 60 kg., a No. 25 bomb weighs 250
Japanese Navy bombs are divided into classes : kg, etc . This designation is as much an indica-
land bombs, ordinary bombs, special bombs, smoke tion of size as it is of weight, No. 6 indicating a
bombs, practice bombs, target-marker bombs, bomb of the 60 kg. size, and approximate weight .
training bombs, and dummy bombs . c. A description of the bomb is indicated by the
"Land" bombs are bombs specially designed characters for land use, ordinary, etc. If it is a
for use against land targets. They are usually of special bomb, the mark number is given.
rough construction d . Model: This term has several meanings but
"Ordinary" bombs are designed for use against in this instance is used to distiguish different
ships . They include both G. P . and S. A . P. types. designs of bombs in the same general class,
They are of smoother construction than land e, Modification : This term represents a minor
bombs . change in design or a change in filling.
Special bombs are designed for various special
purposes and each special class is indicated by a 2. Construction
mark number. (See color chart.) There are two main patterns of construction of
According to a captured document a new sys- Navy bombs, typified by the. "land" bombs and
tem of designating Navy bombs has been proposed . the "ordinary" bombs.
The existing bombs are not to be redesignated but a. Land bombs : Land bombs are of three-
new bombs will be assigned mark numbers as piece construction . The nose is attached to the
follows: cylindrical body either by welding and riveting
or by welding alone. The tail cone, which is
Marks 1 through 9, antishipping bombs.
filled with explosive is attached to the body by
Marks 10 through 19, chemically equipped
paeans of a collar or coupling ring . Either the
bombs.
body or tail cone is. attached to the collar by welds
Marks 20 through 29, antiaircraft bombs.
Marks 30 through 39, antiland bombs . and/or rivets and the final junction is made by
attaching the other part to the collar by screws .
As the name indicates practice bombs are used b. Ordinary bombs: Ordinary bombs are of
for practice bombing. Target-marker bombs are two-piece construction . The nose and body are
used as target marking beacons. manufactured of one piece, and are machined both
Dummy bombs are used for training and prae- inside and out . If the tail cone is fled it is
tice bombing. Training bombs are used for train- threaded into the body or in the case of larger
ing in handling bombs . bombs an interrupted screw arrangement is used
Smoke bombs are used for concealment .pur- to attach it, to the body. If the tail cone is
poses . empty a male base plate closes the after end of
Individual bombs in these main general classes the body and the cone is attached to the base
are given further designations . plate by threads or screws .
a . The type number discloses the year that the The construction of special bombs a.nd other
bomb was adopted for service use . general classes varies greatly and is covered in
In the "land" and "ordinary" bomb classes, the description of cash individual bomb .
the, first bomb of a given weight class is not as-
3. Suspension
signed a type number but is merely indicated by the
weight number . Subsequent designs of the same Bombs up to and including 250 kg . are sus-
weight are assigned type numbers . Thus there is pended by a single U-shaped fixed lug. Two
a No . 6 land use bomli and a type 97 No. 6 land lugs 1S0° apart may be fitt:ecl to the bomb .
use bomb. Larger bombs may be suspended from a torpedo-
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 JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE RESTRICTED
5ecuriiy InfornXXiian

release gear by two flat guide studs located 180° grey to bluish-grey depending on variations
apart or by a suspension band fitted with the in the
paint and weathering conditions . This grey
standard lug. paint
is applied over a red anticorrosive paint.
4. Fillings The old color pattern consisted of painting
key
colors as a broad band on the nose and tail
Navy bombs are generally filled by casting the struts .
Usually these colors were the same . A
explosive directly into the case . The cavity is band
slightly aft of the suspension lug was an additional
protected by a thick coat of lacquer . In some key. Thin red stripes 180° apart running
instances the explosive may be preformed into from
nose to apex of tail cone appeared on all
paper-wrapped sections which are usually addi- service
bombs.
tionally protected by a wax or a flannel coating. In the new scheme all bombs containing
explo-
sive lia,ve the nose tipped in green. Key color
5. Color and markings
bands appear aft of the green tip and an addi-
During the war the Japanese Navy has modified tional key color band may appear on the
the color system used to differentiate its bombs. tail
strut. The red stripes have been dropped
Under both the new and old systems, the basic .
Colored body bands are used in some instances to
body color is grey ; this color varies from greenish- indicate different modifications . (See color chart .)
6. Size
The largest bombs recovered are 1,500 kg.
bombs .
7. Fuzing
As a rule Navy bombs of 250 lkg. and larger in
weight are fitted with fuze pockets in both nose and
tail . The No. 6 and No . 3 sizes of land use and
ordinary bombs have nose pockets only .
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Security Information NAVY BOMBS

COLOR MARKINGS OF JAPANESE NAVY BOMBS

The following information is compiled from documents and from inspection of captured ordnance .
In the table the nose, the body, and the tail street colors are listed . A combination like "Gr/Br" indicates
a nose tipped in green with an adjacent brown identifying band . Body bands are noted where present.

Bomb Color markings Additional information

Land---------------- Gr Gy Gr Blue Band - Gr/Br Gy Gy- _ _---- Used against land targets .
Ordinary ----------------- Gr Gy Gr------------- Gr/Br Gy Gy---------- Used against ships .
Mark 1---_____--____ ---------------------- Gr/Yel Gy Yei__- .._---- Chemical bomb (gas) .
Mark 2-------------- Blue Gy Blue ---------- Gr/Blue Gy Gy------__ Antisubmarine .
Mark 3------------------ Silver Gy Silver -------- Gr/Silver Gy Red------ Used in air to-air bombing .

Mark 4 -- . .------___-- Gr/Wh Gy Red ----___- Rocket bomb . Dive bombing of capital
ships.
Mark 5 ---.--__-__---- Gr/wh Gy ay---------- A. P . Bomb . Used against capital
ships .
Mark 6----__ ---------------------- Gr/Red Gy Red------__ Incendiary .
Mark 7-------------- ---------------------- Gr/Purple Gy Purple --- Bacillus bomb .
Mark 5-------------- ------_________-____-- Gr/13r Gy Gy--------__ Antishipping "Skip" bomb .

Mark 19 ------------- Special bomb fired by fighters at bomber

formations . Changed to Mk 28 .
Mark 21 ------------- ______------_---_-__-- Gr/Br Gy Gy-___---- Cluster of small bombs .
Mark 22 ------------- ---------------------- ---------------------- Cluster of "Spike" bombs . Obsolete .
Mark 23-__-- --- ---------------------- Gr/Br Gy Gy--________ Time bomb .
Mark 24----- ------- ---------------------- ---------------------- Cluster of parchute bombs .

Mark 25 ------------- -------------------- Cluster of "Wedge" Bombs .

Mark 26 - -------------------- Time bomb . Nose charge prevents
penetration of remainder of bomb .
Not produced .
27 ----------- Gr/Sil Gy/Red---______ Phosphorus filled bomb . Robket for
use against bomber formations .
Mark 28------------- ---------------------- Gr/Br Silver Red--- ..--_ Rocket type bomb . 10 kg . high ex-
plosive .
Mark 31----- _- Gy Gy Gy------------- Land targets . Uses an influence fuze .

Dummy -------------- --------------- ____ Gr/Black Wh Wh---__- Used for training and release tests .
Practice __-------_---- Gr Black Wb---------- Gr/Black Wh Wh------ Used for training and practice .
Training__---____--__ ---------------------- Black overall---------- Used for training in installing, loading,
etc .
Smoke ---______--____ ______--______--__--- Gr/Black, Gy Gy-- ------ Used for concealing ships .

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JAF'AUlESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE SenXrXty Infarmalian_ .___

NAVY EXPLOSIVES

Explosive Use Japanese Designation Remarks

Primers (cap composition)

1 . Potassium chlorate Anti- Primer cap composition-
mony Sulfide .

Initiators (detonators)
2 . Mercury fulminate-- . --- Initiator for fuzes--- -------------------- In some instantaneous gaines
the striker may fire the
initiator directly .
3 . Lead azide------------- Initiator for fuzes-- Chikkaen ___-

Boasters :
4 . Tetryl-------- Subbooster in gaines ; oc- Pressed . Toxic .
casionally sole booster .
5 . PPicric acid ---____--_-__ Main booster in many Shimose bakuyaku=shi- Pressed . Toxic .
gaicies . mose explosive .
6 . Trinitroanisol, 70 percent ; Auxiliary booster in H2 kongo---H2 mixture Pressed . Toxic .
H . N. D ., 30 percent . bombs, (abbr . for Type 98) .

Main charges :
7 . Picric acid ------------- Bombs, projectiles, sea Shimose Explosive------ Cast either into case or into
mines, land mines . preformed paper-wrapped
blocks . Toxic .
8 . Ammonium perchlorate, Mines and depth charges- Type 88 --------------- Loose grey powder . Danger-
66 percent ; silicorr'car- ous to burn, very sensitive
bide, 16 percent ; wood to friction . Documents give
pulp, 12 percent ; oil, 6 ferro-silicon in place of sili-
percent . con carbide .
9 . Trinitroanisol----- -- Bombs -_ _ -- Type 91------------__ Cast . Toxic .
10 . Trinitroanisol, 60 percent ; Torpedo warheads---_-- Type 94 --------------- Known from documents only .
R . D, X ., 40 percent . Toxic .
11 . TNT, 60 percent ; H . N . Torpedo warheads depth (Seigate) =Type 97 block- Cast into blocks which are
D ., 40 percent . charges (do c u m e n t s fitted . packed into warhead . Yel-
only) . low (darker than picric) .
Toxic .
12, Trinitroanisol, 70 percent ; Bombs, sea mines, depth Type 98--------------- Cast into case . Greenish-yel-
H . N . D ., 30 percent . charges . low . Stains brown . Toxic .
13 . Ammonium picrate, 81 Depth charges--------- Type I---------------- Loose greenish-yellow powder .
percent ; aluminum
powder, 16 percent ;
wood pulp, 2 percent ;
oil, I percent .
14 . TNT, 60 percent ; H . N . Torpedo warheads ------ Otsu-B------------__ Known from documents only .
D ., 24 percent ; alumi- Approximates German hex-
num powder 16 percent . anite . Toxic .
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EXFLtSI#E

PL141 :i

WELD

Figure 35-Type 97 No . b Land Bomb .

Type 97 No. 6 Land Bomb Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 7Y .inches ;

width, 1%, inches, thickness, Y 2 inch .
Fuzes : A-3 (a) . Material of tail : Sheet steel .
Over-all length : 40 inches . Type of filling : Picric acid or type 98 explosive:
Length of body : 211 inches . Weight of filling : 50 pounds.
Diameter of body : 7Y inches . Total weight of bomb : 124 pounds.
Thickness of wall : '/s inch. Charge weight ratio : 40 percent .
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is at-
Suspension lug : Normal Navy type . tached by a continuous weld and 2 rows of 10
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green rivets each to a tubular-steel body . A circum-
band on the nose, green tail struts, and a blue ferential weld to a collar which fats into the after
band around the body . Two thin red lines 180' end of the body is held there by 2 rows of
apart run longitudinally along the bomb . New screws (14 per row) .
type markings will be found .
Length of tail : 18Y, 8 inches . Construction of tail : Four fins are spot welded
Width of tail : 10;88 inches . to the tail cone and braced by a single set of box-
Width of tail fins : 4-1% inches . - type struts .
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TA 1 L P 1 ECE

BURSTER CHARGE

7 KG . WE
1PROWSISNAL SKETCHI -

SPACER Mip-

SPACER PLATE

NOSE F I t' ,E -_

Figure 36-Type 2 No. 6 Land bomb Mode! 5.

Type 2 No. 6 Land Bomb Model 5

Fuzes: A-3 (a), A-3 (b),
Over-all length : 42 inches.
Length of body : 25% inches .
Diameter of body : 10 inches .
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Thickness of wall : }is inch. is a spacer plate and five spacer strips attached to
Material wall : Sheet steel . the central tube .
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
Suspension lug : Standard Navy type suspension to the tail cone and are braced by a single circular
lug. strut at the after end . The fins are set at an angle
Color and markings : Gray over-all with a brown to the tail cone in such a manner that they will
nose section . New type color markings will be impart a rotary motion to the container when it is
found. dropped . Description of 7-kg. high-explosive
Length of tail : 16Y inches . bomb .---No fuze or complete bomb has been
Width of tail : 10 inches . found . The only information available on the
Width of tail fins : 4Y inches . bomb and fuze comes from a captured Japanese
Dimensions of tail struts : Diameter, 10 inches ; bomb chart. The bombs are alleged to be nose
width, 1 inch ; thickness, Ys inch. fuzed, 20j; inches long and 3% inches in diameter .
Material of tail : Sheet steel . The tail fins from several of the bombs have
Type of filling : Five 7-kg. high-explosive bombs been found . The tail fins are painted gray.
and a high-explosive central burster charge. They are made up of two metal strips, the widest
Total weight of bomb : 132 pounds (approximate) . one has a 4X;-inch slot which allows the narrower
one to fit into it. The fins are spot-welded at the
Construction of body: A hollow-steel nosepiece extreme ends of the slot. The tail fins are braced
and a hollow tail cone are connected by an, ex- by box-type struts welded to the after-most end .
plosive-filled central tube on the inside and
Dimensions:
two half cylinders of sheet steel on the outsid .
Width Length
The two half cylinders are connected by four (Inches) Thickness
(inches) (inches)
metal tabs riveted to each half of the cylinder on (approx .)
Wide fin ---------- 4Y, 103 3ia
the inside . There are four notches %s inch square Narrow fin 3;i 10% Via
and 90° apart in each end of the assembled Tail struts ______--
------- 'ia2 2X !;a
cylinder. The notches fit around the four pins Remarks : Production of this bomb ceased
which are on the nosepiece and tailpiece . There before the end of the war .

No. 25 Land Bomb and Type 98 No. 25 Land

Bomb
Fuzes : A-3 (a), A-3 (b), C-2 (a), B-3 (a), C-1 (a) .

No . 25 Type 98 No . 25
Over-all length_-__ 72 inches ------- 72 inches .
Length of body _-_ 35 ;$ inches ------ 39 ;X inches .
Diameter of body--- 13% inches---_ _ 12 inches .
Thickness of wall____ Y inch --------- } inch .
Material of wall : Steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug .
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green nose band
and green tail struts . There are two thin, red lines 180°
apart along the length of the bomb . New type color
markings will be found .
No . 25 Type 98 No : 25
Length of tail ------- 36, inches___- 32'2 inches .
Width of tail -------- 19jie inches ----- 16ya inches .
Width of tail fins- --_ 7 ;8 inches ------- Iiia inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 13Y8 inches ; width 2;;
inches ; thickness, Z s2 inch .
Material of tail : Sheet, steel .

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Security Information

JiltF:WX

SU:>NENjJCN LU1i

PLUG' }a
- LDP

,,iX

25 LAND NC . 25 LAND

Figure 37-No. 25 Land Bomb and Type 98 No . 25 Land Bomb

No . 25 Type 98 No . 25 tail cone is held by i row of 32 screws to a collar
Type of filling------- Type 98 explo- Picric acid or
sive . type 98 explo-
which is held in the base o£ the bomb by a row of
sive . 16 plug welds. There is a threaded fuze pocket
Weight of filling_____ 330 pound ------ 211 pound . in both the nose and tail.
Total weight of bomb- 550 pound ------ 532 pound . Type 98 No . 25 Land : A cast-steel nose is
Charge/weight ratio _ 60 percent ------ 40 percent . welded to a tubular-steel body by a continuous
Construction of body : No . 25 Land : A cast- weld and 1 row of 12 large plug welds, The tail
steel noseis welded to a tubular-steel body by a cone is held by 1 rove of 18 plug welds and a con-
continuous weld and a row of 16 plug welds . The tinuous weld to a collar which is held in the base

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security

of the bomb by 40 screws in 2 rows of 20 each .

There is a threaded fuze pocket in both the nose
and tail.
Construction of tail : Four fins are spot-welded
to the tail cone and braced by a single set of box-
type struts .
Remarks : The type 98 bomb is reported in some
instances to be turned down to appear smooth
on the exterior surface. - TA . . FUZE K'Ci .ET

No. 80 Land Bomb

Fuzes : A-1 (c), B-3 (b), A-3 (d) .

Over-all length : 113 inches .
Length of body : 72 inches .
Diemeter of body : 18 inches .
Thickness of wall : 3X inch .
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal . --icIVETS

Suspension lug : Two guide studs on the bomb 7,-,-.- N E l 'V

body position a carrying band to which a sus- 4X

pension lug is attached . SCXEv'ls

Color and markings : Grey over-all . Green nose
and tail struts . Two red lines 180° apart along
the longitudinal axis of the bomb . Blue band
around the body . New type markings will be
found .
Length of tail : 41 inches .
Width of tail : 25 inches .
Width of tail fins : l0Y inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 1734 inches ;
width, 3% inches ; thickness, 38 inch .
Material of tail : Steel.
Type of filling : Picric acid (tail cone is filled), or
type 98 explosive .
Weight of filling: 842 pounds .
Total weight of bomb : 1,760 pounds.
Charge weight ratio : 48 percent.
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is
attached to a tubular body by a continuous cir-
cumferential weld and 3 rows of 14 rivets each .
The tail cone is held by a continuous circumfer-
ential weld and 2 rows of 16 rivets each to a collar
which is held in the base, of the bomb by 2 rows
of round-headed screws (32 screws in each row) .
This bomb has a threaded fuze pocket in both the
nose and tail .
103E FEUZE F'Cf.:X-:E7
Construction of tail : Four y inch steel fins are
spot welded to the tail cone. and are braced by
a single set of box-type struts . Figure 38-No. 80 Lond Bomb .

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Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug,

Color and markings : Gray over all with a green
nose band and green tail struts . There are
two thin red lines 180 ° apart along the length of
the bomb . New type color markings will be
found .
Length of tail : 16',$ inches .
Width of tail : 12, inches .
Width of tail fins : 5% inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 9 inches ;
width, 1 inch ; thickness, i4s inch.
Material of tail : Steel.
Type of filling : Picric acid or type 98 explosive .
Weight of filling : 70 pounds.
Total weight of bomb : 138 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio : 50 percent.
Construction of body : The body is constructed
of 1 piece of machined forged steel. It is threaded
in the nose to receive a fuze. The after end of
the body is threaded internally to accommodate
a male base plate. A tail cone is secured to the
base plate by a single row of 20 screws . There
is no explosive in the tail cone .
DOL?Y Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the
tail cone and braced by a single set o£ box-type
SUSPEN ;zi0ti LUG struts .
EXPLG53'VE Type 99 No. 25 Ordinary Bomb Model I
Fuzes : A--3 (a), A-3 (b), B-2 (a) .
Over.-all length : 68 inches .
Length of body : 39% inches .
Diameter of body : I I ;2 inches .
Thickness of wall : % inch .
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green
nose band and green tail struts . There are
two thin red lines 180° apart along the length
of the bomb . New type color markings will
Figure 39--Type 99 No . 6 Ordinary Bomb. be found .
Length of tail : 28 inches,.
Type 99 No. 6 Ordinary Bomb Width of tail : 16', inches .
Width of tail fins : 6'Ys inches .
Fuzes : A--3 (a), A-3 (b) . Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 12 inches ;
Overall length : 423, inches . width 1% inches ; thickness ;1B inch.
Length of body : 25'% inches . Material of tail : Steel.
Diameter o¬ body : 8% inches . Type of filling : Type 91 (trinitroanisol) .
Thickness of wall : 3; inch . Weight of filling : 132 pounds .
Material of wall : Steel. Total weight of bomb : 550 pounds.
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Charge/weight ratio : 24 percent.
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Security NAVY BOMBS

ACCESS XLLi}

i~LATE BASE--°

FACK f Nh

F -0 XI HER

Figure 40-Type 99 No. 25 Ordinary Bomb Model 1 .

Construction . of body : The body is constructed secured to the base plate by sip; screws . The cone.
of one piece of machined forged steel . It is is empty and has three hinged doors to permit
access to the tail fuze pocket in the base plate.
threaded in the nose to receive a fuze. The after
end of the body is threaded internally to accommo Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the
date a male base plate. The base. plate is drilled tail cone and braced by a single set of box-type
centrally to receive the tail fuze . A tail cone is struts .

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LX06IM DANit

c U ia: 6M+

Figure 41--Type 2 No . 50 Ordinary Bomb Model Y.

Type 2 No . 50 Ordinary Bomb Model 1 Material of tail : Steel .

Type of filling : Cast blocks of Type 98 explosive .
Fuzes : A-3 (f), B--2 (a) . Weight of filling : 148 pounds .
Over-all length : 78 inches . Total weight of bomb : 1,100 pounds.
Length of body : 3852 inches . Charge/weight ratio : 13 percent .
Diameter of body : 15}2 inches .
Thickness of wall : 1 inch at base, 7y2 inches at nose. Construction of body : The bomb body is con-
Material of wall : Steel . structed of one piece of machined forged steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal. A fuze pocket is drilled in the nose . The after
Suspension lug : Two guide studs on the bomb end of the body is threaded internally to accom-
body position the Navy type suspension band. modate a male base plate. There is a fuze pocket
Color and markings : The bomb is gray overall drilled in the base plate. A sheet steel tail cone
with a green-tipped nose, brown nose band and is attached to the base plate by eight bolts . Three
green tail struts . trap doors in the tail cone give access to the fuze
Length of tail : 39;2 inches . pocket .
Width of tail : 1532 inches .
Width of tail fins : 7 3/a inches . Construction of tail: Four Navy type tail fins
Dimensions of tail struts-. Length, 101 inches; are spot-welded to the tail cone. They are braced
width 3Y inches ; thickness, Ya inch. by a single set of box-type struts .

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Figure 42-No . 80 Ordinary Bomb Model 1 .

No . 80 Ordinary Bomb Model 1 Width of tail fins : 10 ji inches .

Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 3 s inches ;
Fuzes : Nose : A-1 (c), A-3 (d) ; tail : B-3 (b) .
Over-all length : 111 ;2 inches . width, 17y, inches ; thickness, %X inch .
Material of tail : Steel.
Length of body : fit inches .
Type of filling : Type 91 explosive (cone is filled) .
Diameter of body : 17Y inches .
Weight of filling : 770 pounds (approximate) .
Thickness of wall : Y inch .
Material of wall : Steel. Total weight of bomb : 1,820 pounds.
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Charge/weight ratio : 41 .7 percent.
Suspension lug : Two guide studs on the bomb body Construction of body : The bomb bode is con-
position a carrying band to which a suspension structed of 1 piece of machined forged steel . A
lug is attached . fuze pocket is drilled in the nose . A tail cone is
Color and markings : Gray over all . Green nose screwed onto an adapter ring which fits into the
and tail struts . Two red lines 180° removed after end of the body and is held there by 30
along the longitudinal axis of the bomb . New flat-headed screws .
type markings will be found . Construction off tail : Four i2-inch steel fins are
Length of tail : 49 inches . welded to the tail cone and are braced by a single
Width of tail : 24',x' inches . set of box-type struts .
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I LANGEY

kIVETS

SUSPENSION LUGS --

NO . 3 CRDINARY 1iO . X: CRuIIJkf'Y

MODEL 2, 30 KG MODE :. 2, 60 Ku

Figure 43-No. 3 Ordinary Bomb Model 2 and No. 6 Ordinary Bomb Model 2.
No. 3 Ordinary Bomb Model 2 and No. 6 Material of wall--------- Steel .
Type of suspension------ HHorizontal
.
Ordinary Bomb Model 2 Suspension lug : Two typical Navy suspension lugs 180°
Fuzes : A--1 (a), A-3 (a) No. 3 No. 6 removed on the circumference of the bomb body .
Over-all length_ _ _ _ _ _ 33 inches_ 42ia inches. Color and markings : Gray over all with a green band on
Length of body--------- 19% inches__- 25Y2 inches. nose and on the ends of the tail fins . Two red lines
Diameter of body _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7',z inches __ _ _ _ 9 inches . diametrically opposed r7in the length of the bomb . blew`
Thickness of wall -------- Y4 inch _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ?i inch . type markings may be found.
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Semity P,,'AVY BOMBS

No . 3 No . 6
Length of tail___________ 13Y4 inches____ 17 inches . GXi`'_EN Si RUTX'

Width of tail____________ 7Xz inches_____ 9%Zinches .

Width of tail fins________3' inches__ .._- 4?4 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts--
None-------- None .
Material of tail__________Sheet steel____ Sheet steel.
Type of filling-----------Pr oba b ly Picric acid .
picric acid .
Weight of filling_______________________ 65 pounds, 12
ounces .
Total weight of bomb_ _ _ _ 70 pounds _ _ -_ 139 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio-------------------- 47 percent .

Construction of body : The body is constructed

of one piece of machined steel turned down to a
streamlined shape. The forward end is threaded
to receive a nose fuze and the after end is threaded
to receive a male base plate. . The base plate is
threaded externally at both ends . The tail cone
screws onto the after end of the base plate. There
is no explosive in the tail cone .
Construction of tail : The tail cone consists of
four sheet metal sections riveted to an internally
threaded ring . The edge of each section has a
flange which turns up. The tail fins are secured
between flanges of adjoining sections by spot
welds. There are no struts to brace the fins . _RLD LINE

No. 25 Ordinary Bomb Mode! 2 1C,11 LUG

Fuzes : Nose : A-3 (a) ; tail : B-3 (a) .

Over-all- length : 71% inches .
Length of body : 44XX inches .
Diameter of body : 14 inches .
Thickness of wall : % inch .
Material of wall : Steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green
band on the. nose and green tail struts . New
type color markings will be found. .:r5 EN EM'
Length of tail : 27 inches .
Width of tail : 14 inches .
Width of tail fins : 43a2 inches . Model 2.
Figure 44-No. .25 Ordinary Bomb
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 10 inches ;
width, 2y inches ; thickness, Y1s inch .
Material of tail : Steel . threaded nose fuze pocket at the forward end.
Type of filling : Picric acid, cast . Tail cone is The after end of the body is threaded internally
filled . to receive a tail cone . The tail cone is explosive
Weight of filling : 228 pounds . filled and has a fuze pocket at its apex .
Total weight of bomb : 557 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio : 41 percent. Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the
Construction of body : The body is constructed tail cone and braced by a single set of box-type
-
of one piece of machined forged steel . There is a struts .

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Suspension lug : An eyebolt, welded to a suspen-

-.- (SAY X)TR!1T sion band which fits around the bomb body .
The band is positioned by two guide studs
180 ° apart on the bomb body .
Color and markings : Gray over fall . Green band
around the nose and a brown band aft of it.
Length of tail : 33 inches .
Width of tail : 17Y inches.
Width of tail fins : 7 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 12 14 inches ;
width, 21' inches : thickness, }g inch.
Material of tail : Steel.
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive separately
cast in the body and tail.
Weight of filling : 457 .5 pounds .
Total weight of bomb : 1080 pounds.
Charge weight ratio : 42 percent.
Construction of body : The body is of one piece
machined steel construction . The after end of
the body is threaded internally to receive the tail
assembly .
The tail cone threads into the bomb body and
is secured by two grub screws .
Construction of tail : Four ;32-inch steel tail fins
are spot welded to the tail cone . They are
braced by a single set of box-type struts .

No . 6 Mk 1, Type 1 No. 6 Mk 1, and Type 4

No . 6 Mk 1 Bombs
Fuzes : Both bombs are fuzed in the nose only, with
standard Navy nose fuzing, without delay .
Type 1 No . 6,
Mk 1 Land No . 6 Mk 1 Land
Over-all length------ 40 inches (less 42 .21 inches (less
fuze) . fuze) .
Length of body ----- 21 .8 inches-- _ 21 .0 inches .
Diameter of body____ 7.85 inches ----- 9.45 inches .
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green tipped
$RUffi i5AK0
nose and a yellow bard aft of the green. Yellow band
on the tail .
figvre 45--No. 50 Ordinary Bomb Model 2. Type of filling : Mustard thickened with metha crylates
and poly-vinyl alcohols .
` Type 1 No . 6,
No . 50 Ordinary Bomb Model 2 Mk i Land No . 6 Mk 1 Land
Weight of filling 18 kg . (approxi- 23 kg .
Fuzes : A-3 (d), B-3 (b) . (chemical), mate) .
Total weight of bomb________________ 69 kg .
Over-all length : 90 inches . Construction -------- Land type . Type 99 No . 6
Length of body : 57 inches . Mk 2.
Type 97 No . 6, Body without
Diameter of body : 17% inches .
land body . multiplestruts .
Thickness of wall : Nose, 4 inches ; base, ;X inch. Land type .
Material of wall : Steel . General description : The chemical fillings for
Type of suspension : Horizontal. these bombs are contained in cans which fit inside

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GAS FILLING IN SEALED CONTAINERS-

H .E . BURSTER

-SPACER PLATE

TYPE I NCB . E X:lf; I NO . 6 LIK i LAND TYPE 4 NO, E is^ :( I

(TYPE 97 NO, 6 i TYPE 99 JNlO . 6 PLYWOOD BODY

LAND BOMB BODY) VIK 2 B"DY) AND F INS

Figure 46-No. 6 Mk 1, Type 1 No. b Mk 1, and Type 4 No. 6 Mk 1 Bombs

the bomb casing, and are sealed in place with charge . Besides the central burster charge., a nose
paraffin . Two cans were used for each bomb ; charge is provided, separated from the forward end
conical can which fits into the tail cone, and a
of the gas containers by :t spacer disk . The nose
cylindrical can with a channel down its center to
provide space for the central explosive burster charge is designed W have the effect of forcinc the
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spacer dish and chemical filling back out of the end to receive the central burster charge . At the
crater, and help to spread it. forward end of the filling can is a spacer disk, An
explosive nose charge. is provided at the extreme
`type 4 No. 6 Mk I
forward end of the bomb and extends back through
General description : This bomb was designed the spacer disk and into the central pocket in the
to take the place of both of the improvised No. 6 chemical filling can . It is designed to prevent the
Mk 1 land, and type 1 No . 6 Mk 1 land, bombs . chemical filling from collecting in the crater, and
It is of wooden construction throughout to save to spread it.
steel, and proves itself equal to tic-other two
bombs in effectiveness in Japanese tests . Exact Remarks: These bombs are capable of being
dimensions are not available, but the following filled with any suitable gas, although the standard
data is known. filling is mustard gas . According to Japanese
The barrel, nose section, and tail fins of the statement, attempts by Japanese chemists to pro-
bomb are constructed of light plywood, molded duce new types of gas failed to improve on types
into proper shape . A steel adapter is provided in already in common production .
the nose to take a standard Navy instantaneous The Mk 1 bombs have never been recovered
fuze and game . The barrel of the bomb is outside of the Japanese. homeland, indicating that
cylindrical, with no cone at the tail. It is rein there was never any immediate intention of their
forced with bands of plywood . The tail fins are use, and the small number of bombs of this type
of standard shape, and are braced with steel found in Japan indicates that the Japanese were
struts . The nose section of the bomb is a wooden inadequately prepared to initiate gas warfare.
block, slightly rounded, and fitted into the barrel . The data on these bombs is the result of in-
Chemical filling for the bomb is contained in a complete investigation, and must not be con-
cylindrical can with a central pocket at its forward sidered as specific, accurate information .

Type 99 No. b Mk Q Bomb

Fuzes : A-3 (a) .
Over-all length : 42 inches.
Length of body : 21 inches .
Diameter of body : 9% inches .
Thickness of wall : Ys inches,
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal.
Suspension lug : Two lugs . Normal Navy type .
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green
tipped nose and a blue band aft of the green.
Length of tail : 21 inches .
Width of tail : 13ia inches .
Width of tail fins : 6 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Outer struts : Length, Total weight of bomb : 140 pounds.
9Y inches ; width, 1?a inches ; thickness, '/,,inch . Charge/weight ratio : 60 percent.
Inner struts : Length, 4% inches ; width, 1 ;$ Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is at-
inches ; thickness, inch. tached to a tubular-steel body by a continuous
Material of tail : Sheet steel, circumferential weld and 2 rows of 16 plug welds.
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive . A tail cone is attached to a collar by a continuous
Weight of filling : 85 pounds. circumferential weld and 16 plug welds . The

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Figure 4a-Type 99 No . b Mk 2 Bomb .

collar fits into the after end of the body and is held
there by 2 rows of screws (16 per row) .
Construction of tai[ : Four tail fins are welded
to the tail cone and are braced by four sets of
box-type struts .
Remarks : This bomb may be found with only
one set of struts .

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Type 99 No . 6 Mk 2 Bomb Modification 1

R '- T R ` i T S ----..----..- Fuzes : A-3 (a) .
Over-all length : 42 inches .
V.,'TER XT IJTS
Length of body : 21 inches .
Diameter of body : 933 inches .
Thickness of wall : i;f, inch .
Material of wall : Steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension hag : Normal Navy type suspension
lug .
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green
tipped nose and a blue band just aft of the green .
Length of tail : 21 inches,
Width of tail : 13}4 inches .
Width of tail fins : 6 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Outer struts : 9 ;" inches
x 133 inches x ;,e inch . Inner struts : 4;4 inches x
1,3 inches x ljg inch .
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive.
Weight of filling : 85 pounds.
Total weight of bomb : 140 pounds,
Charge/weight ratio : 60 percent.
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is at-
tached to a tubular-steel body by a continuous
circumfe.rential weld and 2 rows of 16 plug welds .
An antiricochet nose attachment consisting of a
cylindrical metal ring }3 inch thick bent at a 90°
angle is spot welded to the bomb at a point 1 }2
inches forward of the junction of the nose and body .
The ring is 91% inches in diameter and 3 inches
long . There are two notches is inch wide and
23; inches deep cut into the forward edge of the
ring 180 ° apart and in line with the suspension lug .
The tail cone is attached to a collar by a con-
A IVT I -R I CCICHEET tinuous circumferential weld and 16 plug welds.
;NODE ATTACr,trErtT . The collar fits into the after end of the body and is
held there by 2 rows of 16 screws .
Construction of tail : Four tail fins are welded
to the tail cone and are braced by four sets of box
type tail struts .
Type I No . 25 Mk 2 Bomb Model 1
Fuzes : A-3 (a), B--3 (a) .
Over-all length : 72 inches .
Length of body : 35}2' inches .
Diameter of body : 131 inches .
NOSE VIN Thickness of wall : Y, incher .
Material of wall : Steel .
Figure 48-Type 99 No . b Mk 2 Bomb Modification 1. Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy type suspension lug.

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Security Information

METAL CYLi?4UER

STEEL STRUT,

PLYWGVG SECTICN

BOLTED STEEL PLATES

TAIL FUZE POCKET

5Xi`XYLa . IaFd LUG

PLUG WELDS

Figure 49-Type 1 No. 25 Mk 2 Bomb Model 1 .

Color and markings : Gray over all with a green Material of tail : First section, sheet steel ; exten-
band forward of a blue band on the nose . sion, plywood .
Length of tail : First section 21 j2 inches ; exten- Type of Filling : Type 98 explosive .
sion, 15 inches . Weight of filling . 317 pounds .
Total weight of bomb : 572 pounds .
Width of tail : 14 inches .
Charge/weight ratio : 56 percent .
Width of tail fins : 5 ;4 inches .
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is at-
Dimensions of tail struts : Forward struts : 5'/a tached by a C011tiTIUOUS circumferential weld and
inches x 2 inches x ''/a inch ; after struts : 5 16 plug welds to a. longitudinally welded tubular
inches x 1 Y inches x Y 6 inch . -- steel body . A tail cone. 1S frtf :RChe{I t0 a collar
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by 36 screws . The collar is held in the base of the Type i No . 25 Mk 2 Bomb Model 1
bomb body by a. single row of 16 plug welds.
Modification I
Construction of tail : The tail is constructed in
two sections, the first section has ciglrt ?'-inch sheet Fuzes : A-3 (a), B-3 (a) .
steel fins welded to the tail cone and supported by Over-all length : 72 inches .
seven steel struts . The second section consists of Length of body : 351 inches .
eight-plywood fins in steel frames supported at Diameter of body : 134 inches .
their inner edges by a metal cylinder 4 inches in Thickness of wall : ;# inch .
diameter and on their outer edges by seven steel Material of wall : Steel.
struts . The second section is attached to the Type of suspension: Horizontal .
first by bolted steel plates on each of the eight Suspension lug: Normal Navy suspension lug.
fins . Apparently the wooden tail section is Color and markings : Gray over all with a green
designed to come off on water impact . band forward of a blue band on the nose .
Length of tail: First section, 212 inches ; extension,
15 inches .
Width of tail : 14 inches .
Width of tail fins : 5 ;44 inches .
Dirnensions of tail struts : Forward struts : 5 ;X
inches x 2 inches x !a inch. After struts :
5 inches x 1 ;6 inches x ;;o inch .
Material of tail : First section, sheet steel ; exten-
sion, plywood.
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive .
Weight of filling: 317 pounds .
Total weight of bomb: 585 pounds.
Charge/weight ratio : 54 percent.
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is at-
tached by a continuous circumferential weld and
16 plug welds to a .longitudinally welded tubular
steel body .
An anti-ricochet attachment consisting of a metal
ring and two supporting plates is welded to the
bomb at a point 1% inches forward of the junction
of the nose and body . The ring has a 13% inch
diameter, is 5 inches long and i32 inch thick, The
two semicircular supporting plates are welded to
the interior of the forward end of the ring and to
the nose of the bomb . There are two notches cut
.
A "i71-R I COCH ET into the forward edge of the ring 180° apart. One
NOSE ATTACHMENT
notch is in line with the suspension lug. The
supporting plates fail to meet by is inch at the two
notches .
A tail cone is attached to a collar by 36 screws .
The collar is held in the base of the bomb body by
a single row of 16 plug welds .
Construction of tail : The tail is constructed in
two sections : the first section has eight X's-inch sheet
steel fins welded to the tail cone and supported
NGSE X!EW
by seven steel struts . The second section con-
Figure 50 Type 1 No. 25 Mk 2 Bomb Model 1 sists of eight plywood fins in steel frames sup-
Modification 1. ported at their inner edges by a metal cylinder 4
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inches in diameter and on their outer edges by Suspension lug: Two normal Navy suspension lugs
seven steel struts . The second section is attached diametrically opposed.
to the first by bolted steel plates on each of the. Color and markings : Gray body and tail . A 2-
eight fins . Apparently the wooden tail section is inch silver band around the nose, a 1-inch silver
designed to come off on water impact . band on the end of the tail fins, and two red
lines diametrically opposite run from nose to
Type 99 No. 3 Mk 3 Bomb tail. New markings will be found .
Length of tail: 11 inches .
Fuzes: Nose: A---1 (b), A-3 (c) ; Tail: Solid plug Width of tail : 6% inches .
or D-2 (a), D-2 (b) or D-2 (c) . Width of tail fins : 11;26 inches .
Over-all length : 24 ;2 inches . Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 4199 Inches ; cir-
Length of body : 1331 inches . cumference, 3;6 inch,
Diameter of body : 5% inches . Material of tail: Sheet steel.
Thickness of wall: 3e inch. Type of filling: Canister containing 168 phosplio-
Material of wall: Steel .. rus-filled steel pellets . Picric acid in tail cone
Type of suspension : Horizontal . and central burster charge .

SPCT WELLS

STEEL FLATE
I i
tX

XIELf3 '! \ ,w

AGAPTck /

S FELT WASHERS

PLCRIC EIIRSTEX

CAN ISTE6s

r-:li
PHOSPNG=.OGS ., 7'X. ll

PELLETS

CARC`$LARD SPACER:----- -

FELT WASrIEFcS-

DETONATW .w

' ILVEX &AND

TYPES or INCENelARY PEL :ETs

figure 51-Type 99 No, 3 Mk 3 Bomb.

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE--

Weight of filling : Picric acid, 3.5 pounds. To impart the rotary motion nocessai,y to arm
the D-2 fuzes, the ends of the tail fins are bent to
Total weight of bomb: 70 pounds .
an angle of approximately 19 ° .
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose piece is Remarks : A factory variation of the incendiary
circumferentially welded to a longitudinally welded filling consists of 21 lengths of mild steel pipe, 1
steel body . A canister containing the incendiary inch in diameter, packed vertically in the canister .
pellets is fitted inside the body . A steel tube con- Each length is divided into 8 equal sections by
being out, completely through except for Y inch of
taining the central burster charge is screwed into
circumference left along 1 side . The bomb con-
the nose and extends the length of the body . A tained 168 phosphorus-filled pellets.
tail cone is circumferentially welded to a collar Modification 1 : A variation of this bomb listed
which threads into the after end of the body . as Modification 1 has four fins welded to the body
The tail cone is filled with picric acid . A steel and utilizes the new color markings . The fins,
plate separates the explosive from the incendiary which are 6 inches long, 1 ;'2 inches wide and Yc
inch thick, are welded to the body at 45I-inch
filler .
internals, two between each suspension lug. They
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are spot are. offset 35 ° from the longitudinal axis of the
welded to the tail cone . They are braced by a bomb and serve to accelerate its clockwise rota
single set of ifs-inch round struts flattened at each tion . The bomb is painted gray . It has a silver
end and riveted to the fins . nose tipped with green. The tail struts are red

Type 3 No . 6 Mk 3 Bomb Mode! 1

Fuzes : D-2 series .
Over-all length : 40 inches .
Length of body : 23 inches .
Diameter of body : 7Y inches .
Thickness of wall : 3a inch .
Material of wall : Steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal.
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
Color and markings : Silver nose tipped with a Diameter of exploder tube : 17 6 inch .
green band . Body is gray over all, except for Weight of individual canister : 24 pounds.
red tail struts . Marked "Provisional designa- Weight of filling : 3 canisters, 72 pounds ; tail cone
tion type 3 No . 6 Mk 3 Model t ." charge, 11 .2 pounds.
Length of tail : 17 inches .
Width of tail : 7;'s inches . Total weight of bomb : 118 pounds.
Width of tail fins : 2Y inches . Charge/weight ratio : . 71 percent .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 5 inches ; width,
1% inches ; thickness, )a inch . Construction of body : The bomb consists of a
Material of tail : Steel. nosepiece, body and tail assembly . The conical-
Type. of filling : Three cylindrical steel canisters shaped nosepiece is welded to the body and has
each containing 87 white phosphorus filled a steel plate welded where the fuze pocket would
cylindrical steel pellets. Each canister has a be . The. cavity in the nosepiece is filled with a
central exploder tube filled with type 98 explo- wooden block. The body is cylindrical in shape
sive. A heavy wax coating covers each canister . and is welded longitudinally . The tail cone is
Dimensions of filling : welded to a coupling ring which fits into the body
Length of canister : 4 ;a inches . and is held there by a single row of screws . A
Diameter of canister : 7 ;'4 inches . burster charge of cast type 98 explosive is con-
Length of pellet : 13a inches . tained in the tail cone. A perforated steel phtite
Diameter of pellet : 1 %8 inch. separates the explosive from the incendiary filling.

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WELD

TAIL MIE CHARGE °

PLUG YELLS

WE L'

SCI EWS

PEiIFJi ATED DISC

SUSPENS I Ir'"J LUG ,

CANNISTER STEEL

WAX

6UR: TER CX,AnGE

PHOSPHC-kGUS-FILLED
;STEEL PELLETS

P'£ LD

SILVER EAivL

GREEN UAND

WOVDFN NOSE F I LLER

Figure 52-Type 3 No. 6 Mk 3 Bomb Model ! .

Construction of tail : The tail cone is welded Operation: Upon release from the plane the
longitudinally . Four angled fins are welded to aerial burst fuze functions initiating the tail cone
the cone and braced by a. single set of box-type charge which detonates the central burster tube.
struts . The angle of these fins imparts a. counter- The bomb case and canisters are ruptured scatter-
clockwise rotation in flight to the bomb, thereby ing the incendiary pellets . The white phosphorus
arming the clockwork fuze. is ignited when it is exposed to the air .
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DIRECTION OF ROTATION

PERFORATED CELL,ILGID
TRAY

TAIL FUZZ= POCKET

TAIL FUZE ADAPTOR

TAIL CONE
EURSTER CHARGE

SUSPENSION LUG

IGNITION CHARGE
FILLING INTERSTICES

PERFORATED CELLULOID
TRAYS IN TIERS

INCENDIARY CYLINDERS

PLUG WELDS

WELD

NOSE BURSTER CHARGE

NOSE FUZE POCKET

Figure 53-Type 2 No. 25 Mk 3 Bomb Model 1 .

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Type 2 No. 25 Mk 3 Bomb Model 1

Fuzes :. Nose : A-3 (a) ; tail : D-2 (a) .
Over-all length : 71 inches .
Length of body : 40 inches .
Diameter of body : 12 inches .
Thickness of wall : % inch.
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
Color and markings : Gray over all. Silver nose
tipped with green . Red tail struts .
Length of tail : .31 inches .
Width of tail : 12 inches .
Width of tail fins : 5Y4 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Width, 2 inches .
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Type of filling : Incendiary filling : 750 (approxi- Weight of filling : Burster charges, 73 pounds ;
mate) steel cylinders containing an incendiary incendiary filling, 300 pounds.
mixture. Total weight of bomb : 550 pounds .
Barium nitrate : 35 .8 percent. Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is welded
Iron oxide : 27 .2 percent. to a tubular-steel body by a continuous weld and
Aluminum powder : 13 .6 percent. a row of 12 plug welds . The tail cone is held by
Magnesium shavings : 10 .3 percent . 1 row of 1S plug welds and a continuous weld to
Synthetic shavings : 13.1 percent .
a collar which is held in the base of the. bomb by
Dimensions of cylinders : Length, 23§ inches ; 2 rows of round-headed screws, 20 in each row.
width, 1 l/ a inches ; thickness, X inch.
Packing of cylinders : The cylinders are packed Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
in circular rows in nine perforated nitrocellulose at an angle to the tail cone . The fins are braced
containers . at the juncture with the tail cone by a steel strip
welded to the underside of the bent fin and the
Burster charges : Two burster charges are con-
tained in the nose piece and in the tail cone . cone . At the after end the fins are braced by two
The explosive is also scattered throughout the sets of box-type struts . The angle of the fins im-
parts a counter clockwise rotation in flight to the
interstices of each incendiary section . The
bomb .
composition of the charge is :
Barium nitrate : 75 .2 percent. Operation : The aerial burst fuze functions at a
Aluminum powder : 24 .2 percent. preset height . The detonation of tho burster
Oil : 2 percent . charges- ignites the, inflaminablc trays and the
NOTE .-Perforated steel plates in the nose and
incendiary cylurders and ruptures the bomb ease .
tail separate the burster charges and the incendiary The fragments are scattered over it 175 yard
filling . radius when air-burst occurs 100 feet above gz'ound .

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BLOW OUT PLUG

VENTURI

FINS

¬ GN ¬ TER LANYARD ATTACHED

TO SX'B RACK;

BLACK PONDER
IGNITION CHARGE

TYPE 3 Mid 4 TAIL IGNITER

HINGED FUZING DOORS (2)

SPACER

BASE FUZE (TYPE 3 No . 25 .MK 4)

SCREWS

-BASE PLATE

GAINS (SHORT DELAY)

HIGH EXPtC=5I VE

FORGED STEEL

GRAY

WHITE

GREEN

Figure 54-Type 3 No. 25 Mk 4 Bomb Modification T .

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Type 3 No. 25 Mk 4 Bomb Modification 1

Over-all length : 1 .9 meters .
Weight of explosive : 3 .5 kilograms.
Diameter : 0.3 meters . I
Weight of propellant : 15 .0 kilograms.
-VANE ASSEMBLY
11- - --
A_-J . . .
SUFE ; tT RING
Maximum speed : 100 m ./sec .
I

Total weight : 315 kilograms.

General description Design work on this bomb
was originally started . in 1935, and produced the
Basic 3 No . 25 Mk 4 bomb, which was used for
all early Japanese Navy rocket testing and re-
search . Production commenced on the type 3 HINGED DOOR
bomb in 1943, and a reasonable number of the
bombs had been produced or were in the process TWIN FUZE POCKETS

of production at the end of the war .

This bomb is an example of the early ideas on Imo---- SCREW

the use of rocket power. It is essentially an

SET SCREW
armor-piercing bomb, designed to utilize rocket
power to increase penetration . However, as SASE PLATE
finally produced, the bomb had a maximum
velocity of only 100 m./sec ., and consequently
was of little value .
The bomb consists of an armor piercing explosive EXPLOSIVE CHARGE

nose section, a. rocket motor tail section and a

cylindrical center section joining the two, and
carrying the fuzes for both sections . The armor
piercing nose is of extremely heavy construction,
and is fuzed in the base with a fuze incorporating
a short delay. A very small explosive charge,
approximately 3 .5 kilograms in weight, is used as t ------ A L0,1 I NUM
a burster . Type 91 explosive is used, as in till COSH I CN I Nu PLUG
other Japanese Navy armor piercing ammunition . 1
r

The rocket motor tail section constitutes about

half of the over-all length of the bomb, and carries
15 kilograms of propellant of the ballistite type . G RECESSES
It is fuzed at its forward end for ignition of the EQUALLY SPACED

propellant, with a fuze which operates after the

bomb leaves the plane . The tail section is equipped
with standard fins for stabilization of the. bomb in
flight .
The cylindrical center section of the bomb has Figure 55-Type 94 No. 80 Mk 5 Bomb .
the function of joining the nose and tail sections
and of carrying the fuzes for both . Both fuzes,
Type 99 No. 80 Mk 5 Bomb
situated at the center of the bomb are equipped Fuzes : Two B-2 (b) tail fuzes .
with arming vane extensions which project nut Over-all length : 95,'.12 inches .
of the side of the. bomb . Two hinged doors in the LeiiDth of body : 52 ;$ inches .
side of the bomb allow access to the fuzes . Diameter of body : 1G1 inches .
The data on this bomb are the result of in- Tbickncss of wall : 4 inches (nose), 2 inches (tail) .
complete investigation, and must not be considered Material of wall : Forged steel .
as specific, accurate information, -Type df suspension : Horizontal .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE security InfumX2tir ;i

Suspension Iii(, : Two guide studs on tile. bomb body, to hold a windshield if the case is used as a pro-
position a carrylllg band, to which a suspension jectile. A male base plate which has two fuze
lug is attached . pockets is screwed into the after end of the body .
Color and markings : Gray over all . Green band The tail cone is formed of rolled sheet steel (1 2
around the nose, white band aft of green band . inch) welded down one side . Twelve screws fasten
Length of tail : 433's inches . the unreinforced base of the cone to the base
Width of tail : 22,18' inches . plate of the bomb which has holes drilled around
Width of tail fins : 11inches . the edge to receive the screws . Three hinged
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 15 ;3 inches ; doors in the cone permit access to the fuze pockets.
width, 2;4 inches ; thickness, inch, Two vane assembly supporting rings are located
:
Material of tail Sheet steel . at the apex of the cone . These rings are con-
Type of filling : Type 91 explosive (trinitroanisol) . structed to receive the B-2 (b) vane assembly
Weight of filling : 66 pounds. bushings which are held in place by set screws .
Total weight of bomb . 1,641 pounds (less tail) . Slots in the tail cone are located beneath the
Charge/weight ratio : 4 .0 percent. supporting rings to permit passage of the reach
rods from the fuze bodies to the vane assemblies.
Construction of body : The bomb body is con- Construction of tail : Four sheet-steel fins are
structed of one piece of forged machined steel . spot welded to the tail cone and are braced by a
There are eight recesses cut in the nose presumably single set of box-type struts .

Type 2 No. 80 Mk 5 and No. 150 Mk 5 Bombs

Type 2 No . So
Mk 5 No . 150 Mk . 5
Fuzes- ------ 2 B-2 (b) tail 2 large fuzes siin-
fuzes . ilar to B-2 (b) .
Gaines------------- Special Mk 5-Special Mk 5 .
Approximate weight 1,760 pound--- 3,300 pound .
of bomb .
Material of wall---- Forged steel-_ . ._ Forged steel .
Material of tail ------ Sheet steel______ Sheet steel .
Type of filling ------- Type 91________ Type 91 ._
Approximate loading 6 percent------- 6 percent .
factor,
Color and marking : Gray over all. with green and brown
nose band and white tail struts .

General description : These two bombs were bombs of the No. 80 size use two B-2 (b) fuzes
designed to fill the great need of the Japanese in the tail with the special NTk 5 gaine. No.
Navy for armor-piercing bombs. Prior to the 150 Mk 5 has two large fuzes of similar con-
design of these two, the Japanese Navy had struction to the B-2 (b) .
only one true armor-piercing bomb, the type These bombs were never extensively produced,
99 No. 80 Mk 5, an adaptation of a large caliber and neither type 2 No. 80 Mk 5 or No. 150 Mk 5
artillery shell produced by turning the shell down was ever found outside the Japanese homeland .
to a streamlined shape and adding a tail section
and a slightly larger explosive charge . Type 2 The data on these bombs is the result of in-
No. 80 Mk 5 and No. 150 Mk 5, although they complete investigation, and must not be con-
were specifically designed as armor-piercing bombs, sidered as specific, accurate information.
differ only slightly from the earlier bomb . Type The Mk 7 bomb was never more than an idea
2 No. 80 Mk 5 differs from type 99 No . 80 Mk5 as far as the Japanese Navy was concerned . It
only in having a slightly larger explosive charge, was suggested and discussed by a meeting of
and in having no recesses at the nose to hold a designers in 1935, but no experiments were carried
windshield in place. No . 150 Mk 5 is simply out because the idea was considered impractical
a larger version of type 2 No . 80 Mk 5 . Both and unnecessary .
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The bomb, as planned, was to consist of the by the force of impact . A spread of 1 meter
1 kilogram practice bomb, with a conical glass diameter was hoped for. No specific type of
bottle of bacillus culture in place of the smoke bacillus had been selected for the bomb.
mixture in the tail. A lengthened striker was to Distinctive color marking for the bomb was to
break the bottle, and the culture was to be spread have been purple painted nose and tail.

Type 5 No . 1 Mk 9 Model 1 and Type 3 No. 6

Mk 9 Bombs
Type 5 No . 1 Type 3 No . 6
Mk 9 Model 1 Mk 9
Over-all length ------- 35 .4 inches----- 66 .9 inches .
Diameter of body--- 3 .93 inches--- 7 .87 inches .
Weight of explosive__ 2 .2 pounds ------ 22 pounds .
Weight of propellant- 4 .4 pounds- _ _ -- 22 pounds .
Total weight of bomb- 33 pounds------ 184 .8 pounds.
Maximum speed ----- 230 m ./sec ------ 230 m ./sec .
Color and markings : Gray over all . Green band on nose .
Brown band just aft of green band . Gray tail struts .

General description: Neither of these rockets and type 5 No. 1 Mk 9 Model 1 has a semiarmor
had been put into production at the end of the piercing nose .
war, although experiments had been finished on Exact fuzing is unknown, but it is known that
both of them . Both were designed as aircraft type 5 No. 1 Mk 9 Model 1 uses a fuze with a 0-2
launched weapons for use against surface targets ; second delay. Type 3 No. 6 Mk 9 is assumed to
type 5 No. 1 Mk 9 Model 1, against surfaced sub- use an instantaneous fuze .
Both of these rockets are fin stabilized, and
marines, and type 3 No. 6 Mk 9 against landing
more closely resemble American aircraft launched
craft and small ships . rockets than any of the other Japanese rockets .
These rockets are similar to the Mk 27 and Mk However, their small propellant charges result in
28 rockets of comparable sizes, but both are some- such low speed that their performance in no way
what heavier. Both carry high explosive loads, compares with that of the American rockets .

_ ..Type 98 No . 7 Mk 6 Bomb Model 1

Fuzes : (With magazine) A-3 (a), or A-3 (b) .

Over-all length : 40 inches .
Length of body : 21% inches .
Diameter of body : 7% inches .
Thickness of wall : 34 inch .
Material of wall: Steel.
Type of suspension: Horizontal . Type of filling: Four thermite-filled electron fire.
Suspension lug: Normal Navy suspension lug. pots are contained within the bomb. The nose
and tail fire pots are cylindrical, while the two
Color and markings : Gray over all with a red
in the body are semicircular . A central channel
nose band and red tail struts . New type filled wwith quick match runs the length of the
color markings will be found. bomb . A black-powder charge is located in the
Length of tail : 183,s inches . circular recess in the nose piece.
Width of tail : 10,8 inches . Weight of filling: 81 pounds .
Total weight of bomb : '156 pounds .
Material of tail : Sheet steel .
Charge/weight ratio : 51 percent.
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 7% inches ; Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is
width, 1 % inches ; thickness, ;s2 inch. riveted with 2 rows of 10 rivets each to ¬i tubular-
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

IGNITER FUZE CHANNEL

CARDSOARD PACKING

INNER CASING

ELECTRON FIREPOTS
FILED WITH THERMITE

BLACK POYYGER CHARGE

CAVITY FOR FUZE

AND MAGAZINE

Figure 56--Type 98 No . 7 Mk b Bomb Model 1.

steel body . The tail cone is held by 1 row of 24 Operation : On impact the magazine in the nose
rivets to a collar which is held in the base of the fuze fires the black powder and the igniting charge .
bomb by 2 rows of screws (14 per row) . The black powder ejects the fire pots from the
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded bomb case . The igniting charge ignites the
to the tail cone and are braced by a single set of quick match which initiates combustion of the
box-type struts . thermite .
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Type 98 No. 7 Mk 6 Bomb Model 2 Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
Color and markings : Gray over all with two longi-
Fuzes : (With magazine) A-3 (a) or A-3 (b) . tudinal diametrically opposite thin red lines.
Over-all length : 42 inches . Red nose and red struts . New type markings
Length of body : 21 inches . will be found .
Diameter of body : 9 %2 inches .
Length of tail : 21 inches .
Thickness of wall : 3;s inch .
Material of wall : Steel. Width of tail : 13% inches .
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Width of tail fins : fi inches .

COPPER CAS I f1G

FOR QU1CKMATCH

THIN METAL SHEET

SOLDERED OVER HOLE

4-3/4" DIA . FORTS

COVERED WITH SOLDER

SOIL IU C1 L F1LL1'46

THEU,ITE CHARGE

CARDECA DD CYO_ i 1vDER

HC-DING THERVITE
CHARGE

BLACK POWDER
SURSTEP CHAI CE

FUZE FCChF.T'

Figure 57-Type 98 No. 7 Mk d Bomb Model 2.

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Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 9',-1 inches ; incendiary filling. A central copper tube within
width, 13$ inches ; thickness, inch . the cylinder contains quick nnatch . A tail cone
Material of tail : Sheet steel . is attached to a collar by a continuous circum-
Type of filling : A central thermite core sur- ferential weld and 16 plug welds. The collar fits
rounded by solidified kerosene, petrol, alcohol- into the after end of the body and is held there
soap mixture. by 2 rows of 16 screws each .
Weight of filling : 20 pounds of inflammable mix- Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
ture ; 7 .5 pounds thermite . to metal strips which are riveted (14 rivets each)
Total weight of bomb : 145 pounds . to the tail cone . The fins are braced by a single
Charge/weight ratio : 22 percent. set of box-type struts .
Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is at- Operation : On impact the magazine in the nose
tached to a tubular-steel body by a continuous fuze fires the black-powder charge which shears
circumferential weld and 2 rows of 16 plug welds off the tail cone and ejects the incendiary cylinder
each . A wood block and black powder burster out of the bomb case . At the same time the
charge are located in the nose . Housed within quick match is ignited . This in turn sets fire to
the body is a steel cylinder which contains the the thermite and the inflammable mixture.

Type 1 No . 7 Mk 6 Bomb Model 3

Modification 1
Fuzes : A-3(a) .
Over-all length : 42y inches .
Length of body : 21 inches .
Diameter of body : 9 s inches .
Thickness of wall : ;$'Inch .
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy type suspension Diameter of pellets 1 ;4 inches .
lug. Composition of pellets :
Color and markings : Gray over all with a 3Y,- 35 percent barium nitrate .
inch red band at the nose and red tail struts . 28 percent ferric oxide.
New type markings will be found. 18 percent aluminum.
Length of tail : 21 inches . Remainder is synthetic rubber of poly-
Width of tail : 13Y inches . sulphide type resembling "tbi.okol."
Width of tail fins : 6 inches . Weight of igniter powder, 30 pounds .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length 9Y inches ; Composition of -igniter powder :
width, lie inches ; thickness, Y o inch. 75 percent barium. nitrate.
Material of tail : Sheet steel . 24 .5 percent aluminum .
Type of filling : 182 cylindrical incendiary pellets 03 percent oil.
are arranged around a central cardboard tube . 0 .2 percent moisture .
The pellets are bound together with string to Weight of filling : 111 pounds .
form rings . The rings surround the central Total weight of bomb : 160 pounds .
tube which is filled with gray powder. All the Charge/weight ratio : 69 .4 percent.
space in the bomb not occupied by the pellets
Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is
is filled with this powder. attached to a longitudinally welded steel body by
Weight of individual pellets : 7 ounces . a continuous circumferential weld . The nose con-
Total weight of pellets : 81 pounds. tains a wooden block 1 9 inches thick to which a
Length of pellets : 2 e inches . light metal gaine well s secured by three nails .

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RED TAIL STRUT

TAIL FIN

TAIL CONE

WE LD

---CARDBOARD DISC

CARHOARD TUBE

Sl,'S°P%S I ON LUG

I GN I TER Kfl XTURE

WF LD

.PC L CET

-- As r POSE PI EGE

GA I"E WELL

-'NOODEN BLOCK

PED

Figure 58-Type 1 No . 7 M& b Bomb Model 3 Modification 1.

A longitudinally welded tail cone is welded to a Remarks : Type 1 No. 7 Mk 6 Model 3 : This
collar which fits into the after end of the body bomb uses the same case as that described above
and is held there by a single row of 16 screws . but differs in the filling. lt. contains a high
explosive burster charge in a central tube and tin
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are spot explosive filling of approximately 520 wedge-
welded to the tail cone . They are braced by a shaped rubber pellets impregnated with iron and
single set of box-type struts . alumillunl .

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figure 54-Type 3 No. 25 Mk 8 Bomb Model 1 .

Type 3 No . 25 MAC 8 Bomb Model 1 Diameter of body : 12 inches .
Thickness of wall : ;2 inch .
Fuzes : A-3 (a) . Material of wall : Steel .
Over-all length : 67 inches . Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Length of body : 39 ;a inches . Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
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Color and markings : Green band around the nose, Tail fins
brown band aft of green band . Gray body and Shape of cross-section : Triangular .
tail. Over-all length : 2511% inches .
Length of tail : 27% inches .
Height : 6% inches .
Width of tail : 19 ;a inches .
Width of tail fins : 6% inches . Width at base : 2',2 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : None . Reinforcement of fins
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
1 . - A box strut made of ;8-inch mild
Type of filling : Type 97 explosive.
steel runs the length of the fin on
Weight of filling : 263 pounds.
the inside . The box strut is %8-inch
Total weight of bomb : 649 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio : 40 percent . wide at the top and 1 -inches wide
at the bottom, V/14 inches high and
Construction of body: A cast-steel nose is at- 22 inches long. The strut is welded
tached to a tubular-steel body by a continuous along the two lower edges to the
circumferential weld and 12 plug welds . A tail side of the fins proper and. spot
cone is held to a collar by 18 plug welds. The welded along the sides.
collars fits into the after end of the body and is
held there by 40 screws . 2 . Three X-inch mild steel braces, I Y2
Construction of tail : The normal tail cone has inches wide at the top, 2 ;2 inches
been cut off 81 inches aft of the junction with the wide at the bottom and 2 inches
bomb body proper and to this has been welded high are welded at 532-inch intervals
a %is inch steel cylinder and four % inch steel to the box strut and the sides of the
hollow tail fins . fins. The lower sides of these
braces have been shaped to fit the
Tail cylinder : cylinder.
Outside diameter : 5;$ inches .
Length : 1858 inches . 3. The end of the fins is closed by a
Type of filling : Type 97 explosive . 38-inch steel plate welded in place .

Type 2 No . 6 Mk 21 Bomb Model 1

Fuzes: D-4 (a) .
Over-all length : 41 inches .
Length of body : 38 inches (including nose piece) .
Diameter of body : 9 ;_ inches .
Thickness of wall: its inch .
Material of wall: Steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy type suspension Description : The canister consists of a blunt-
lug. nose assembly and a. light tail piece, around which
Color and markings : Gray over all. One inch are fitted three steel segments held together by
green band on nose . Brown band just aft of two circumferential metal retaining bands . Two
green band. Two }2 inch white bands on body steel wires, which are attached to the nose, run
mark position of binding straps . longitii-dinnlly along the canister and pass through
Dimensions of tail struts : None . the buckles of the bands locking them together .
Material of tail: Sheet steel. The buckles open automatically when the wires
Type of filling: 40 1 kilogram high-explosive Hol- are withdrawn . The nose assembly is constructed
low charge bombs. of two pieces held together by four lead sealing
Weight of filling : 88 pounds . strips . The forward piece is hollow and leas fl,
Total weight of bomb : 13'? pounds . fuze pocket . The after piece contains a wooden
Charge/weight, ratio : 66 percent. disk. Set off center in the disk is a flat, round
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SLXv''r :Lc

PETA I jv I t4G eAX!T

SXISiXEPtS3Xit+ L4'U

RE LEASIF '1WIRE-

BLACK !'C'7[iEh-°--

NOSE PIECE

Figure 60-Type 2 No. 6 Mk 21 gom6 Model 1.

can housing a black powder burster charge in an Operation : Upon release from the plane the
annular silk bag . The eccentric position of the aerial burst fuze functions . The burster charge
charge centers the ignition hale of the can directly is fired shearing the lead sealing strips and blowing
under the fuze and places the main portion of the off the forward nosepiece. The nosepiece with-
charge near to the point at which the two steel draws the release wires from the buckles of the
release wires are attached to the nosepiece. This retaining bands which frees the segments of the
accounts for a more direct pull being exerted on canister . The 1-kilogram bombs separate and
the release wires when the,burstercharge detonates. fall individually . -
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`X ARW NG WIRE & DROGUE

SAFETY DETENr
SPR ING ,

-EXPLOSIVE CHARGE

WG?"KE EFFECT) CONE

Figure 61-1-kg. Hollow-Charge Bomb .

1-kg. Hollow-Charge Bomb Type of suspension : Carried in clusters of 40 in a

contftiner .
Fuzes : B-5 (b) . Suspension lug : None .
Color and markings : Body is a natural steel color.
Over-all length : 17Y inches .
The tail assembly is aluminum colored.
Length of body : 8)> inches . Length of tail : 9 inches (includes fuze) .
Diameter of body : 034 inches . Width of tail : 1' inches .
Thickness of wall : Y6 inch . Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 1% inches ;
Material of wall : Steel . diitmeter, 1% inches ; thickness, ;3 : inch .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

Nfaterial of tail : Light sheet tin, Length of tail : 3j14 inches .

Type of filling : Type 98 (TNT, 70 percent, Width of tail : 11 inches .
HND, 30 percent) . Tetryl booster . Width of tail fins : 2 ;$ inches ; length of tail fins,
Weighq of filling : 11 ounces . 8 inches .
Total weiglit of bomb : 2 pounds 3 ounces (exclu- Dimensions of tail struts : None .
sive of nosepiece) . Weight of tail assembly : Material of tail : ;/ s inch sheet steel .
10 ounces ; weight of body : 14 ounces . Type of filling : 36 1-kilogram high-explosive
Charge weight ratio : 31 percent. bombs .
Weight of filling : 80 pounds .
Construction of body : The body is constructed
Total weight of bomb : 109 pounds .
of tubular steel . An aluminum nose cap and
Charge fweight ratio : 72 percent.
hollow metal cone Eire crimped into the nose .
The fuze and tail assembly are threaded into the Description : The hexagonally shaped bomb
base. of the body . container consists of a, blunt-nose assembly and a
Construction of tail : Four fins are soldered to light tailpiece around which are fitted three sheet
the tail cone and braced at the after end by a. steel sections held together by three metal re-
circular strut. The tail cone. is secured to the fuze taining bands. Two steel wires run longitudu-
body by four small screws . nally along the exterior of the container and pass
The arming system consists of arming vanes at through the three retaining band buckles. One
the after end of the tail connected to the inertia wire is attached to the nosepiece ; the other is a
weight by a threaded reach rod which passes safety wire which is removed after the, container
through the tail cone . A spring loaded safety has been placed in the bomb rack .
detent which fits into the inertia weight is located The nose section is of two-piece construction .
on the side of the tail cone and is held in the safe The after piece is attached to the sheet-steel
position by an arming wire . A thin metal disk sides by a welded stud for each section. The
attached to the arming wire is placed on top of the forward piece is, attached to the after one by
arming vanes. It prevents the vanes from rotat- three lead sealing strips . The nosepiece, which
ing and acts as a drogue to withdraw the arming has a fuze pocket to take the D--4 (a) is filled
wire when the bomb is released . by a wooden block. A round metal can contain-
Operation : When the bomb is released from the ing the burster charge in an annular silk bag is
canister the pressure. of the air on the drogue set off-center in the wooden block . The initiat-
forces it from the bomb thereby withdrawing the ing charge in the burster is directly beneath the
arming wire . The safety detent spring ejects the fuze magazine . The balance of the charge is
safety detent . The vanes rotate and unscrew the off-center toward the point where the retaining
reach rod from the inertia weight . The inertia band release wire is secured to the nosepiece. The
weight and striker are then free to move forward purpose of this offset is to exert a more direct pull
on impact and hit the primer . on the release wire when the charge is detonated .
The tailpiece, is held in place by a bungee cord
Type 2 No. 6 Mk 21 Bomb Model 2 fastened to a hook on the after end of each body
section.
Fuzes : D--4 (a) . Two tail fins are riveted to the after portion
Over-all length : 42.% inches . of the sheet steel section to which the suspension
Length of body : 39 inches. lug is attached .
Diameter of body : 9 ;X inches . Two metal plates divide the container into three
Thickness of wall : its inch . sections in each of which are packed 12 1-kilogram
Material of wall : Sheet steel. bombs.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug is Operation- After the bomb container is released
held in place by a steel plate that fits over it from the plane, the aerial burst fuze functions .
and is riveted to the body section . The burster charge shears the lead sealing strips
Color and markings : Gray over all with a green- between the two sections of the nose, blowing the
tipped nose and a brown nose band . outer piece free from the container and withdraw-

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BLCICLE

RELEASE WIRES

BUCKLE

WOODEN BLOCK

fiHRST I NG CHARGE
X\l if i
tX kXx

SECTION A-A FRONT VIEW

NOSE PIECE REMOVED

FU ZE PC CIkET
E:URST l NG CHARGE

SUSPENSION LUG r- RETAIN1NG BAND

I ---NOCE PIECE

Figure 62-Type 2 No . 6 Mk 21 Bomb Model 2.

ing the release wire from the retaining band buck- sections separate allowing the 36 1-kilogram bombs
leg. -- The retaining bands open and the container to fall individually .
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LRGGLE

VANES

RIiNG STRUT

APB; i ifG STEM

SAFETY CETENT PIP;

GEAR FRAME

ARMING SPINDLE---
.

KEYWAY

SAFETY DET£PT

V.FY

SAFETY DETENT SFRII4G

STR i IKER

CREEP SPRING

Figure 63---]-kg. Antipersonnel Bomb .

I -kg. Antipersonnel Bomb Type of suspension : Carried 36 in a container

which is fuzed with a D-4 (a) .
Fuzes : B-5 (c) .
Over-all length : 113 inches . Suspension lug : None .
Length of body : 5j2 inches, Color and markings : Bomb body may be steel
Diameter of body : 2% inches . gray or black. Tail assembly and fuze are
Thickness of wall : %2 inch . aluminum colored.
Material of wail : Steel. Length of tail : 53/,, inches .
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Width of tail : 2% inches .

Width of tail fins : Approximately 1 inch at the
widest point.
Dimensions of tail struts : Diameter, 2;8 inches ;
length, 1% inches .
Material of tail : Light tinned steel.
Type of filling : Type 97 (TNT, 60 percent;
HND, 40 percent) .
Weight of filling : 1 pound 1 ounce.
Total weight of bomb : 2 pounds 3 ounces .
Charge/weight ratio : 50 percent.
Construction of body : The body is of one piece
light steel construction . It is cylindrical in shape,
rounded at the nose and threaded' in the base to
receive the fuze assembly . The inside of the body
is coated with lacquer.
Construction of tail : The tail assembly is made
of light tinned steel and is secured to the fuze body
by four screws . Four fins spaced 90° apart are
soldered to the tail cone and are braced by a ring
strut at the after end . An arming spindle extends
from the fuze up through the tail cone, and has
vanes attached at the end. A drogue holds the
vanes in a safe position .
Operation : When. the bomb falls free from the
container, the drogue retaining the vanes is
carried away by the wind, allowing the vanes to
rotate . The motion of the vanes is transmitted
through the reduction gear system to the spindle
which is threaded out of the striker. To prevent
rotation of the striker, a key and keyway system
is incorporated in the fuze body and striker. As
the spindle rises, it also lifts the gear frame to
which is secured a pin retaining the safety detent .
Figure 64-Type 3 No . 6 Mk 23 Bomb Model !.
The safety detent, which fits through the fuze.
body into the striker and holds it in position, is
spring loaded outward, and removal of the safety Suspension lug : Normal Navy type.
detent pin permits it to fly out. With the spindle Color and markings : Old markings : Gray over all
and detent removed, the heavy striker is held up with a green band around nose. New type
only by a weak creep spring, which it overcomes markings may be found .
on impact, initiating the gaine. Length of tail : 18 /1( inches
Width of,tail : 10Y hiclies (excluding tail brake) .
Type 3 No. 6 Mk 23 Bomb Model 1 Width of tail fins : 4% inches .
Fuzes : C-2(41) . Dimensions of tail struts : Le7igth, 7341 inches ;
Over-all length : 40341 inches . width, 13's inches ; thickness 33? inch .
Length of body : 213'4 inches . Material of tail : Sheet steel .
Diameter of body : 7ja inches . Type of filling : Picric acid or type 98 explosive.
Thickness of wall : }41 inches . Weight of filling : 50 pounds .
Material of wall : Steel. Total weight of bomb : 143 pounds.
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Charge/weight ratio : 35 percent .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Senrify hifvmatiu

Construction of body : A cast-steel nose is after end of the bomb body and is held there by
attached by a continuous weld and 2 rows of 10 !2 rows of screws (14 per row) .
rivets each to a tubular-steel body . An anti-
penetration ring is welded to the exterior of the Construction of tail : Four fins are spot welded
nose 4 inches forward of the rivets . This ring to the tail cone and braced by a single set of box-
is 2 -.1 4 inches long and has an outer diameter of type struts . A j'e inch sheet steel tail brake
7 % inches .
measuring 10 inches square is welded to the after
A tail cone is held by 1 row of 24 rivets and a
continuous weld to a collar which fits into the end of the tail fins .

Type 3 No. 6 Mk 27 Bomb (Rocket) Model 1

Over-all length : 53 inches .
Diameter of body : 7 .8 inches .
Weight of load : 5.5 pounds .
Weight of propellant : 22 .0 pounds.
Total weight : 145.2 pounds.
Maximum speed : 270 m ./sec .
Color and markings : Gray overall with green
and silver nose bands and red tail struts .
General description : This rocket, along with The tail section is conical in shape, and is
type 3 No . 1 Mk . 28 Model 1, were the only fitted with four firs of conventional Navy type .
Japanese Navy rockets which were actually under It is threaded onto the barrel, and secured in
production at the end of the war. It is an air- place with screws . The rear end is constricted
craft-launched rocket intended for use against to form a venturi for the escape of the driving
formations of large enemy planes, designed to gases .
eventually take the place of type 99 No. 3 Mk, 3 The propellant is in grains 350 millimeters long
for air to air bombing. and 19 .2 millimeters in diameter, and is of the
The bomb consists of three sections : nose, ballistite type, packed into the barrel . It is
barrel, and tail. The nose section is conical in ignitied electrically .
shape, with a fuze well in the nose and contains
The fuze used in this bomb is 10 second clock-
a burster charge, and a charge of incendiary
work. aerial burst fuze, using the standard Navy
shrapnel consisting of white. phosphorus filled
fuze clock, housed in a special brass case with a
steel pellets. It is threaded onto the barrel, and
hand operated setting ring graduated in seconds
secured in place with screws . from 0 to 10 .
The barrel is cylindrical in shape, closed at the
forward end, and serves as the container and The data on this bomb is the result of incom-
burning chamber for the rocket propellant . It is plete investigation, and must not be considered
fitted with one longitudinal launching rail. as specific, accurate information.

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I NCENU i ARY SHRA FNE. L

BURSTER CHARGE

LAUNCHING RAIL

fROFELLANT

Figure b5-Type 3 No. b Mk 27 Bomb (Rocket) Model 1 .

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Security Information

-H{6X LX PLOSIVE

P ROPE I. earl

-LAJNL'H I NrG RA i

A l..Ilv'. i f Uha ChJTER CASE

STEEL itmp CASE

AL11iV ¬ NUM F!?,¬S

ANO FA1R3h<G

Figure 66-Type 3 No. 1 Mk 28 Bomb (Rocket) Model 1.

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NAVY BOMBS

Type 3 No. 1 Mk 28 Bomb (Rocket) Model 1

Fuze : Type 3 Mk. 28 .
Over-all length (less fuze) : 25% inches.
Diameter of body : 4.69 inches .
Weight of explosive : 1 .32 pounds .
Weight of propellant : 4.4 pounds .
Total weight : 19 .8 pounds .
Color and markings : Gray over all with green
and brown nose bands and red tail struts.
General description : In its early stages of vided to take a special small impact fuze similar to
development, this rocket was designated Mk 19. A-3 (a) .
It is constructed of a light aluminum alloy and The tail section is constricted to form a ven-
carries a high-explosive charge . It is intended for turi, and is fitted with fins, riveted in place, for
use against large aircraft . stabilization . An error of 10 meters at a range of
Rocket power is supplied by 16 grains of ballis- 500 meters is assumed by designers .
tic type propellant 19.2 mm . X 350 mm. They Two launching rails, 180° opposed, are attached
are contained in the cylindrical barrel of the bomb, to the barrel of the bomb.
and are ignited electrically. The data on this bomb is the result of incomplete
The nose section is ogival in shape, and carries investigation, and must not be considered as spe-
the high-explosive charge. A nose well is pro- cific, accurate information .

Type 4 No . 25 Mk 29 Bomb
Type 4 No . 25 Mk 29 was in the process of being
developed at the end of the war to take the place
of the No . 25 Mk 3 bombs as a weapon for use
against large bomber formations. It was designed
either to be dropped in the same manner as the
Mk 3 bombs, or to be detonated in the plane by
the pilot. The bomb incorporates a larger explo-
sive charge, and smaller quantity of incendiary
shrapnel, than do the Mk 3 bombs of the same
size .
The nose section of the bomb is conical in shape, the bomb . An- adapter is provided at the apex
and is filled with a wooden block except for a of the tail cone to receive the type 99 Mk 3 tail
central channel filled with explosive leading into fuze D-2 (a), without centrifugal arming . Tail
the main charge of the bomb . An adapter is fins are standard Navy design without rotational
supplied at the nose to receive the type 3 electric offset, such as is found in the Mk 3 bombs .
gaine. The bomb is fuzed in the nose with the type 3
The barrel of the bomb is cylindrical in shape, electric ,gaine fitted with a cable which leads into
and is filled with incendiary shrapnel of the white a firing switch in the cockpit of the airplane . It
phosphorus filled steel pipe type . A central is to be used when the pilot desires to fire the.
burster charge of high explosive is surrounded by bomb in the airplane in a suicide attack on
the incendiary shrapnel . bomber formations.
The conical tail section is filled with a central The tail fuze is a type 99 'iVIk 3 without cen-
burster charge, surrounded by the same type. of trifugal arming . It is to be used when the bomb
incendiary shrapnel as is found in the barrel of is dropped in an air to air bombing attack .
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TYPE 99 -.+Y NZEa

D-2(i) Yt3THCUIT CEd-
TR I FUL:A ; ARMING

INSTANTA.NECUS GAINS

WHITE Rr_SPMCRLS FILLFB

PELLETS tSTFEL PIPE}

CABLE T FIRi'dC SWITCH

I N C CV! P I T -^-------------X

WOO J

TYPE S ELECTRIC GAtNE

17
Figure 67-Type 4 No. 25 Mk 29 Bomb .

This bomb had not gone into production at the The data on this bomb is the. result of incom-
end of the war, but was considered by the Japanese plete investigation, and must not be considered
to be a practical weapon for defense against heavy
bombers . as specific, accurate information .

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security Information NAVY BOMBS

GREEN TAIL STRUTS ` -" - .

SCkEYrS -

BOMB ECDY-

CAST TYPE 98
FILLING

GAME POCKE=T

WEL 1S

F LAI<UE

Figure 68-Type 3 No. 25 Mk 31 Bomb Model 1 .

Type 3 No. 25 Mk 31 Bomb Model 1 Type of suspension : Horizontal .

Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.

Fuzes : Type 3 electric firing device B-3 (a) .
Color and Fnarkings : Grey over all. Green tail
Over-all length . fit inches .
Length of body : 3038 inches . struts . No color bands on nose .

Diameter of body : 113'4 inches . Length of tail : 32 inches .

Thickness of wall : 32 inch . Width of tail : 16 ;8 inches .

Material of wall'- - Steel : Width of tail fins : 7j ; inches .

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Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 13Y inches ; The barrel is of tubular steel construction .
width, 2% inches ; thickness, /12 inch. The tail cone is held by 1 row of 18 plug welds
Material of tail : Steel. and a continuous weld to a coupling ring which
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive, cast . fits inside the barrel . The ring is held in the barrel
Weight of filling : 175 pounds. by 2 rows of screws numbering 40 in all . There is
Total weight of bomb : 378 pounds. a standard tail fuze pocket at the apex of the tail
Charge/weight ratio : 33 percent. colic.
Construction of tail : Four Navy type fins are
Construction of body : The bomb consists of a spot-welded to the tail cone . The fins are braced
nosepiece, barrel, and tail assembly . by a single set of box-type struts .
The nose of the bomb is blunt. A flat metal Operation : The type 3 electric firing device is
plate is fitted into the forward end of the barrel an influence fuze, operated by a photo-electric
and welded there. The plate is drilled centrally cell, which is activated by reflection of a beam of
and a gaine pocket is welded in the hole . light projected from the fuze, and reflected from
flange 31 inches long, Y2 inch thick and of the same the target . Aerial burst at an altitude of 7 meters
outer diameter as the barrel is welded to the for- or above was desired by the designers. Fifty per-
ward end of the barrel . The flange is pierced by cent accuracy was considered to have been
four 32-inch holes just aft of the forward end. attained .

Type 3 No. 80 Mk . 31 Bomb Model 1

Fuzes: Type 3 electric firing device, B-3 (b).
Over-all length : 113 inches .
Length of body : 72 inches .
Diameter of body : 18 inches .
Thickness of wall : i;a inch .
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : 2 guide studs on the bomb body
position the steel suspension band .
Color and markings : Gray over all . Green tail
struts . No color bands on the nose .
Length of tail : 41 inches .
Width of tail: 25 inches .
Width of tail fins : 1432 inches . accommodate a Navy gaine. A metal flange is
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 17y inches ; welded to this plate . It is 5Y inches long, ias inch
width, 3;s inches ; thickness, 'a inch . thick and has an 11 ;g-inch inner diameter. It is
Material of tail : Steel. pierced by four ;2-inch holes %-inch aft of the
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive cast in paper- forward end . The nose section is attached to the
wrapped blocks . barrel by a continuous circumferential weld and
Weight of filling: 922 pounds. 17 plug welds. There is a 'second circumferential
Total weight of bomb : 1,584 pounds. weld at the point where the nose section begins to
Charge/weight ratio: 58 percent. taper.
Construction of body : The bomb consists of a The barrel is of tubular-steel construction .
nose piece, barrel and tail assembly . The tail cone is attached by 30 plug welds to a
The slightly tapered longitudinally welded nose- coupling ring which fits inside the barrel . The
piece is closed at its forward end by a flat plate coupling ring is held in the barrel by 2 rows of
which has an 11 8-inch diameter . The plate is screws numbering 34 in all. There is a standard
drilled centrally and this nose pocket can only tail fuze pocket at the apex of the tail cone .
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GREEN TAIL STRUTS

TAIL FINES

WE LIDS

SCREWS

BOMB BODY

WELDS

- CAST TYPE 98 BLOCKS

WELGC

GA I tiE POCKET

---F-URWARU CLOSING PLATE

Figure b9---Type 3 No. 80 Mk 31 Bomb Model I .,

Four Navy type tail fins are welded to the tail which is activated by a beam of light projected
cone . The fins are braced by a single set of box.- from the fuze, and relfected from the target .
type struts, Aerial burst at an altitude of 7 meters or above
Remarks : The type 3 electric firing device is an was desired by the designers. Fifty percent
influence fuze, operated by a photo-electric cell, accuracy was considered to have been attained .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

DROGUE PLATE
1 /0
DROGUE RELEASE H I Nw_ -
I
P I VCTS W) WGUE RELEASE
PaCT
AMSPHER PC FUZE
X.El ECTR
:
1 ,i
ATMUSPHERIC FM

TAIL I'm

TYPE M TAIL FUM.

WDEL 2 0-20)

I NO f , GA 1 NE

PLUNKET RELEASE WIRES

ME,

EYELET

STEEI PELLETS (CYLINDRICAI)

BDVI3 CASE

MER CASE

- TYPE 3 ELECTRIC GAME

COPPER CABLE (SILK COVERED)

- 10 C0,D

MEASE LECH .

STEEL PLUMPET

ALL WAYS NZE (ELECTRIC)

Figure 70-Type 5 No . 25 Mk 33 Bomb .

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Type 5 No. 25 Mk 33 Bomb These plates are hinged at their after end so that
they may lie either fiat against the fins or may be
This bomb is designed to detonate upon ap- extended to serve as retarding plates . They are
proach to the earth. It is a combination of a held in position flat against the fin surfaces by
number of mechanical and electrical devices, all four pins which are in turn held in place by a blow-
of which must operate if the bomb is to function out plug. The blow-out plug is operated by an
properly . Proximity detonation is to be initiated atmospheric fuze welded in place at the tail on the
through the. action of an all-ways action electrical longitudinal axis of the bomb . The tail drogue
fuze contained in a plummet which falls ahead of plates operate the release mechanism for the nose
the, bomb in flight . An atmospheric fuze functions plummet through two wires which run forward
at the tail to open a set of four drogue plates at the through eyelets on the outside of the barrel of the
tail, and release the nose plummet . A type 15 bomb .
Model 2 tail fuze is provided to detonate the bomb When the bomb is dropped, the aneroid in the
in case of failure of either of the other fuzes. atmospheric tail fuze operates at the pre-set
The nose section contains a 20-kilogram spheri- altitude, firing a squib electrically, which blows out
cal plummet housing an all-ways action electrical the blow-out plug at the tail, allowing the drogue
fuze, connected by 20 meters of silk clad copper release pins to move, releasing the drogue plates .
cable to a type 3 electric gaine projecting into the The plates assume an angle of 90° with the . fin
main explosive charge of the bomb . The plummet surfaces, and act to slow the fall of the bomb .
is held in place in the nose of the bomb by two Through the action of the plummet release wires,
hinged latches held in the closed position by two the plummet is released, and falls to the end of its
steel wedges controlled, through wires, by the cable. The all-ways action fuze in the plummet is
action of the tail drogue plates . armed by air travel, and operates through its
The barrel of the bomb is standard in construc- cable and gaine to fire the main charge of the bomb
tion, but added provision for fragmentation has upon striking the target . The type 15 Model 2
been made by the addition of a layer of cylindrical tail fuze operates in case of failure of the all-ways
steel pellets just under the case of the bomb. action nose fuze.
The tail cone is standard with the type 15 Both the atmospheric tail fuze and the all-ways
Model 2 tail fuze (B-3(a)) in place at its apex. action nose fuze carry their own electrical supply
The tail fin assembly is unique . It is designed for firing in the form of self contained batteries .
to perform the function of slowing the fall of the The data on this bomb is the result of incomplete
bomb . It consists of a standard set of fins to investigation, and must not be considered as
which are hinged four rectangular drogue plates . specific, accurate information.

1 -kg. Practice Bomb Modification 2 and

Modification 3
Fuzes: A-5 (a) .
Over-all length : 10Y inches .
Length of body : 2% inches .
Diameter of body : 3 inches .
Thickness of wall : 3e inch.
Material of wail : Steel .
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Width of tail : 3}2 inches .
Suspension lug: A rectangular hinged steel lug on Dimensions of tail struts : None .
a plate riveted to the body with four rivets . Material of tail : Sheet metal .
Color and markings : White rubber nose, black Type of filling : Picric burster and a red or white
body, white tail cone and fins . Brass band just phosphorus main charge .
aft of rubber nose.. Weight of filling : 3 ounces (approxizna.tcly)-
Length of tail: 7Y inches . Total weight of bomb : 2 pounds 3 ounces .
Width of tail fins : 1,a' inches . Charge/weight ratio : 9 percent .

. 7 RESTRICTED 93
1 1a-XJr-, U-5.'-X-
X2
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

H'AN vIL11 r ..LV y_-

liii"D 1

PEL) F15_SYm.. .X .

r"S '. [ .9

X c!, .XX

uz t. -...--_-

.XNFErX X7 C:

S 4FETY X ;_:-

'. ,f- kQid ER!

Si;X j W'!f,L

Figure 71--1-kg . Practice Bomb Modification 2 and Modification 3.

Construction of body . A hemispherical rubber tained in a central tube . The remaining space in
nosepiece is attached by screws to the forward end the tail cone is filled With red or white phosphorus .
of the one-piece, cast-iron body . The bomb fuze. A safety plunger is depressed when the bomb is
is contained in the nose and body . A burster loaded in the bomb rack . A screw type safety pin
charge is attached to the after end of the fuze and is removed when the bomb is in the bomb rack .
extends into the tail cone which is held to the
bomb body by five screws . The burster charge Construction of tail : Four fins are welded to the
is surrounded by cotton wadding which is con- sheet metal tail cone . There are no tail struts .

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FUZE Fi;cik;ET

CCN!'_AL TANK-

BU STER CHARGE ,
:IGLe TT ! ^ru CHARGE

f"ILL!NG PLU6-

VGCDEj1 ELGCK

T ! L XUNE
fI R:;

Figure 72-No. 3 Practice Bomb Model 1 .

No . 3 Practice Bomb Model 1 Type of-suspension : Horizontal .

Suspension lug: 2 normal Navy suspension lugs
Fuzes : B-6 (a) . 180 ° apart .
Over-all length : 33?$ inches . Color and markings : The body forward of the
Length of body : 16' ;is inches . suspension lugs is black. Aft of lugs, the bomb is
Diameter of body : 7 inches . white, . Two red lines 90° on either side of the
Tbickness of wall : 3a inch . suspension lugs run the length of the body and
Material of wall : Steel. tail cone. New color markings will be found .
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Length of tail : 17j,,' inches. sheet steel tail cone is attached to the after end of
Width of tail : 9% inches . the body by screws . The nose and body are con-
Width of tail fins : 4 inches ; thickness, YG inch. creto filled . A wooden block fills the lower part
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 6% inches ; of the tail cone and a conical steel tank containing
width, 1 VG inches ; thickness, /SG inch . a spotting charge of titanium tetrachloride and a
Material of tail : Steel. picric burster fits into the apex of the cone . Four
Type of filling : Concrete in nose and body . slots in the tail cone allow the smoke to escape
Titanium tetrachloride and picric burster charge when the burster charge ruptures the metal con-
in tail cone . tainer .
Total weight of bomb : 68 pounds. Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
Construction of body : The nose and body are to the tail cone and are braced by a single set of
constructed of one piece of machined steel . The box type tail struts .

FICRiC CURSTER

SF,'rT 1 hiG CHARGE

TANK

'LOTH i,CVEkiF;G
KC-DEN BLOCK

SUSEENSiCN
LUG

STEEL DISC

CARDbOARG DISC

GP,AVEEt

N'JS 111

Figure 73----Type 99 No, 3 Practice Bomb.

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Type 99 No . 3 Practice Bomb

Fuzes : B-6 (a).
(aver-all length : 35% inches .
Length of body : 19'X inches .
Diameter of body : 7 inches .
Thickness of wall : 3; inch.
Material of wall : Steel.
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug.
Color and markings : The forward half of the
bomb is painted black and has a green band
around the nose . The after half, including the
tail cone, fins, and struts, is painted white.
Length of tail : 16Y inches .
'Width of tail : 93a inches .
Width of tail fins : 4 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 63a inches ; to a tubular-steel body by screws . A tail cone is
width, 1Y6 inches ; thickness, Y$ inch . attached to a collar by screws . The collar fits
Material of tail : Steel. into the after end of the body and is held there by
Type of filling : The nose is filled with fine, gravel screws . Four slots in the tail cone allow the
held in place by a steel separating plate. The smoke to escape when the burster charge rup-
body contains 15 glass disks 6 ;4 inches in diam- tures the metal tank.
eter and %4 inch thick. A spotting charge of Construction of tail : Four steel fins are welded
titanium tetrachloride and a picric burster are to the tail cone and are braced by a single set of
contained in a tank in the apex of the tail cone . box type tail struts .
A wooden block fills the remainder of the cone . Remarks : The purpose of the glass disk filling
Total weight of bomb : 72 pounds . in practice bombs is to lessen the damage to the
Construction of body : The bomb is of three- target ship while still preserving the correct
piece construction . A steel nosepiece is attached trajectory and ballistics of the bomb .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security lrlXrmafion

SAF -
L TY "J,rly

w, .JX{'s'VAFI

Figure 7'4-Type 46 Landing Flare.

Type 96 Landing Flare Type of filling : Illundnant,
Weight of filling : 1 pound.
Fuzes : Pull igniter. Total weight of bomb : 6 pounds.
Over-all length : 163'8' inches . Description : A brass nosepiece, ogival in shape
Length of body : 16% inches . is brazed to a conical body . A brass plug screws
Diameter of body : 5 ;s inches . into the nose of the flare . It is threaded inter-
Thickness of wall : Nosepiece, % inch ; body, /32 nally to hold a central tube containing the pull
inch. igniter, delay train, and illuminant. The after
Material of wall : Brass nose, sheet steel body . end of the flare is closed by a lead cap.
Type of suspension : Hand thrown. Four fins are soldered to the after end of the
Suspension lug : None . body.
Color and markings : Grey over all. Operation : The igniter cord is pulled firing the
Length of tail : 6 inches- primer which ignites the delay train.
Width of tail : 5,14 inches . This in turn ignites the quick match which
s
Width of tail fins : 1 inches . fires the illuminant . The heat melts the lead cap
Dimensions of tail struts : None . and the flame escapes through this hole.
Material of tail : Sheet steel . The flares burns for 3 to 5 minutes.
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Landing Flare Color and markings : Grey . Label just below

carrying handles reads : "Manufacturing Date-
Fuzes: Pull igniter. September 1940 . Naval Aerial Factory lllunni-
Over-all length : 22 ys inches . nating Flare Bomb ." '
Length of body : 151/1, inches . Length of tail : 7;4 inches .
Diameter of body : fiY inches . Width of tail : 10 inches .
Thickness of wall : ;'2 inch. Width of tail fins : 2Y inches .
Material of wall : Sheet steel. Dimensions of tail struts : None .
Type of suspension : Launched by hand . Material of tail: Steel .
Suspension lug: Two handles held flush against the Type of filling : Zlluminant.
case by springs are riveted to the body . Weight of filling: 5N pounds .

:iTR1Ktn SFRRIl ,G

F[.ACX P'C1;'XE P '_v'' L-

SAFETY EL'ZE

f
ASXt X 7'1
. 1;;7
^

11 ETA " Ft

"EN'Th:AL 'YLIiJfDFR

X' ;v r: ;rlku _ TA . . ;

.,-:y''X. ! 6

W'XTtR

; 00DF .l`: SiAi FE'

Y.',- ' E. IX ,
i f_ S I-

Figure 75-Landing Flare .

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Total weight of bomb : 13 pounds (approximate) . the central cylinder . There is a small air outlet
Charge/weight ratio: 39 percent. in the cap . A percussion igniter is inserted
Construction of body : Consists of three distinct through a hole in the cap and soldered into position .
parts-nose, body, and tail. Nose is a solid metal Over the end of the central cylinder is a lead cap
weight which is hemispherical in shape. It is which is soldered to the end cap . This lead cap
welded to the body . The body is of sheet-metal has a central disk of the same metal but much
construction and conical in shape . It is welded thinner. Central cylinder is surrounded by an
to the nose and secured to the tail portion by eight asbestos liner covered by a metal sheath . This
small screws . On the exterior of the body is a tear extends down to the wooden spacer, also covered
strip which covers a small water inlet hole . Inside by a metal disk .
the body is a long central tube which extends the Operation : Before dropping, remove tear strip
full length of the flare . This tube contains the illu- and safety wire and pull the igniter cord . When
minating composition . It is beld in place by a catch has been pulled out approximately ;, inch,
large wooden spacer disk situated at the junction { . thf, spring-loaded striker is released . The striker
the body and the tail with another wooden spacer then impinges on the primer_ A 10-inch safety
at the junction of the body and the nose . Spacers fuze is ignited by the flash from the cap and after
are held in place by small screws, six at the nose burning for 35 seconds the safety fuze ignites a
and eight at the tail . coil of black powder . Resultant heat melts lead
Construction of tail : Constructed of light sheet cap allowing flash to escape . Illuminant burns
metal with 4 fins soldered to it. A metal cap is rapidly with brilliant greenish-white flame which
soldered over the end of the tail and fits around lasts approximately 1 minute and 20 seconds .
5-kq. Parachute Flare Model 2 ModiRcation 1
Fuzes : Pull igniter.
Over-all length : 25N inches .
Diameter : 3'a inches .
Material of wall : Light sheet steel .
Type of suspension : None . Thrown by hand
from plane .
Color and markings : Body is grey over all. Two
labels give description and instructions for use.
Type of filling : Illuminant .
Weight of filling : 5 pound 8 ounces .
Composition of illuminant
Barium nitrate : 55 .5 percent.
Aluminum, powdered : 11 .0 percent .
Magnesium, powdered : 18 .0 percent.
Wax : 9 .10 percent.
Total weight of flare : 10 pounds ; ounce. The fuze is inserted in a hole in the plug and fits
Construction : The flare case is cylindrical and down into the copper tube . Four black powder
of light sheet steel construction . It contains an impregnated strips are attached to the fuze and
illuminating candle unit and a parachute, and is extend down the copper tube to the base of the
closed at both ends by metal caps . The cap on illuminant . Similar black powder strips are cast
the parachute end may be removed by pulling a in the bottom of the flare. A wooden ring in the
tear strip. base of the candle unit holds it away from the
The illuminating candle unit container is bottom of the flare containers.
cylindrical in shape and is made of corrugated The fuze used is of the pull igniter type . A tin
sheet tin. A copper tube extends the length of cylinder fits over the end of the fuze and extends
the unit and the illuminant is cast around it. A up through the parachute to the end cap . The
wooden plug is fitted into the top of the flare and pull cord attached to the catch on the fuze is led
is held there by a metal cap and several screws . up through the tin cylinder to the end cap .
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Security fnfUmation NAVY BOMBS

LETAL CA

TEAR STRIP

PULt rukL

TI ;J CYLI^jGEr

PARACHUTE

EYE

ME I AL CAF

Vlut " LEN PLUG

XTR!r ;Xn

FRIMER

IIwLf1MINANT

COPPER T'u^E

FELT

I LLJMINANT
UNTA

Figure 76---5-kg. Parachute Flare Model 2 Modification T .

The parachute is made of silk and is attached to striker 'in the fuze hits the primer which ignites
the candle unit by a length of wire rope . The the powder train. This burns slowly down to
wire rope is spliced and the two ends are attached the black powder strings cast in the base of the
to two eyes fastened to the wooden plug in the illuminant, igniting the illuminant . The expand-
end of the illuminant container. ing gases expel the candle unit and the parachute
Operation : The tear strip is pulled and the end from the container . The unit burns for approxi-
cap removed . Then the igniter cord is pulled mately 1 minute and 30 seconds giving off a
and the flare is thrown from the plane. The brilliant white flame .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security information

TRAGW0
to------ CARDECARG LINM

-WRE S!"37

-- STEEL PLAA

ILAKINAN

POE y

CAME ON A

- SAKENSION L'.

!-kOSE PIECE

f XN I IF 1 ON CC' .`:' X05 I T 1 ON(

Figure 77 Type 0 Parachute Flares Model I and Model I Modification 1

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Security Information

Type 0 Parachute Flares Model 1 and Model 1 Length of illuminant : 24 /1 X inches .

Modification 1 Diameter of illuminant : 5 ;2 inches .
3 . Model 1 : A single silk parachute is housed
Fuzes : D-3 (a), D-4 (a) . in the after end of the body . It is surrounded by
Over-all length : 42 1 inches . a, layer of cardboard to insure smooth ejection .
Length of body : 39% inches . Model l Modification 1 : A small guide parachute
Diameter of body : 6% inches . and a larger parachute are housed in the after end
Thickness of wall : %4 inch . of the body . They are surrounded by a layer of
Material of wall : Sheet steel. cardboard to insure smooth ejection .
Type of suspension: Horizontal . Operation : Shortly after being released from
Suspension lug: Normal Navy suspension lug. the plane the. aerial burst fuze operates . The re-
Color and markings : Model 1 : Grey over all with sultant flash from the magazine ignites the igni-
a Y inch red stripe just below the end piece. tion charge which in turn ignites the illuminant,
Model 1 Modification 1 : Grey over all with a The expanding gases force the end cap off and
inch red stripe just above the end piece and eject the parachute and illuminating candle unit .
a 32 inch white stripe around the body . The flare sheds a bright white light and burns for
Length of Tail Fins : 14% inches . 3 minutes and 40 seconds .
Width of tail fins : l t iia inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : None . Type 0 Parachute Flares Model 2 and Model 3
Material of tail : Sheet steel. Modification 1
Type of filling: Illuminant (silver-grey in appear- Fuzes : D-3 (a), D-4 (a).
ance) . Model 3 Modifica-
Model 2 tion 1
Weight of filling: 66 pounds . Over-all length_______ 381-? inches------ 42!,, inches .
Total weight of bomb : Model l : 84 pounds. Model Length of body ------ 3512 inches____ __ 39!2 inched .
1 Modification 1 : 88 pounds . Diameter of body_____61, inches_______ 6?i inches .
Thickness of wail___ 3aa ifich _ Sea inch .
Construction : The flare consists of three main Material of wall : Sheet steel.
elements : (1) the flare case, (2) the illuminating Tvpe of suspension : Horizontal .

candle unit, (3) the parachute. Suspension lug : Normal Navy suspension lug,
1 . The flare case consists of three sections : a Color and inarking : Nlodet 2 : Grey o%:er all v6th a ii inch
red stripe above the end piece. Model 3 Alodibcatioti 1
nosepiece, body, and end cap . The nosepiece is Grey over all with a black stripe around the nose: and
soldered securely to the body, and the hemi- a 1'a inch red stripe above the end piece.
spherical end cap is held in position by spot solder- Model 3 Modifica-
ing in four places . Four tail fins are welded to the ' Model 2 tion 1

after two-fifths of the bode . A steel ring 1 inch Length of tail fins_ __ inches_15 inches .
131/2
Ditnensions of tail None__ .._____ .__ ____ .___
wide fits around the body at its junction with the struts .
tail cone . It is attached to the. fins and serves to Material of tail------ Sheet steel------
brace them as well as to retard the velocity of the Type of filling_______ I1tUIniuaIlt------ ---------------

flare's free fall . The nose is threaded to receive Weight of filling__-__ fib pounds______ ---------------
the fuze . Total weight of hornb_ 8-t powtds------ 88 pounds .
2. The illuminant is contained in a cardboard Construction of body : The flare consists of three
canister which is covered by sheet brass 0 .025 inch main elements : (1) the flare case, (2) the illumi-
thick . The after end is closed by a. steel plate nating candle unit, (3) the parachute .
held by screws to the cylinder . A Y inch wire rope 1 . The flare, case consists of three sections : a
65 inches long from which the candle unit is sus- nose piece, body and end cap . Tlie nose piece is
pended is attached to this steel plate by means of a soldered securely to the body, and the, henuspher-
shackle . The forward end of the container is ical end cap is held in position by spot soldering
open and fits against a wooden block in the nose in four places . Four tail fins are welded to the
piece. The illuminant at the opened end contains after two-fifths of the body . A steel rNig 1 inch
in its center an ignition charge 3 inches in diameter wide fits around the body at its junction with the
and ',% inch thick. tail cone . It is attached to the fins and serves to
Length of - illuminant container: 26 inches . brace them/ as well as to retard the velocity of the
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Figure 78-Type 0 Parachute Flares Model 2 and Model 3 Modification 1.

flare's free fall. The nose is threaded to receive 3 . Model 2: A single silk parachute is housed
the fuze . in the after end of the body . It is surrounded by
2 . The illuminant is contained in a cardboard a layer of cardboard to insure smooth ejection .
canister which is covered by sheet brass 0.025
inch thick. The after end is closed by a steel Model3 Modification 1 : A small guide parachute
plate held by screws to the cylinder . A 3a-inch and a larger parachute are housed in the after end
wire rope 65 inches long from which the candle of the body . They are surrounded by a layer of
unit is suspended is attached to this steel plate cardboard -to insure smooth ejection .
by means of a shackle . The forward end of the
container is open and fits against a wooden block Operation : Shortly after being released from
in the nose piece. The illuminant at the open the plane the aerial buist fuze operates . The
end contains in its center an ignition charge 3 resultant flash from the magazine ignites the
inches in diameter and 3X inch thick . ignition charge which in turn ignites the ilumi-
nant. The expanding gases force the end cap off
Length of illuminant container : 26 inches . and eject the parachute and illuminating candle
Length of illuminant: 24 X inches . unit. The flare sheds a bright white light and
Diameter of illuminant : 532 inches . burins for 3 minutes and 40 seconds.

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ccti ;GAL EXPERIMENTAL

*u.
OGtVAL EXPERIMENTAL
MODEL II, E,0 KG . tAUOEL II . 40

Figure 74-Experimental Model 11 Parachute Flares.

Model 11 Model '11
Experimental Model 11 Parachute Flares Conical ogival
Total weight of bomb . 106 pounds 110 pounds .
Fuzes: D--3 (a), DA (a) .
Construction of body :-The flare consists of three
Model 11 Modei 11
Conical Ogival main elements: (1) the flare case, (2) the illumi-
Overall length ------- 45 inches------- 46% inches . nating candle unit, (3) the parachute .
Length of body_ _ _ _ _ 43 ;i inches----- _ 43% inches . 1 . The flare case consists of three sections:
Diameter of body--- 9;; inches_____ 9'/, inches . a nosepiece, body, and end cap . The nosepiece
Thickness of wall---- %, inch--------- Yi, inch. is soldered securely to the body, and the hemi-
Material of wall : Sheet steel . spheridal end cap is held in position by spot sol-
Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug: Normal Navy suspension lug.
dering in four places . Four tail fins are welded to
Color and markings : Grey over all with a V4 inch red stripe the after two-fifths of the body . 1L steel ring
above the end piece. 1 inch wide fits around the body at its junction
Length of tail fins : 13?; inches . with the tail cone . It is attached to the fins
Dimensions of tail struts : None . and serves to brace them as well as to retard
Material of tail : Sheet steel.
Type of filling : Illurninant . the velocity of the flare's free fall . The nose is
Weight. of filling : 68 pounds -threaded to receive the fuze .
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SEc>tiity 1nforrnatji}v

CALMN PHOSPHIME

1NLET 7 'F

CAUM WIDE

CA LC 1 UR PHOS PH! DE --, -

EXPERMENTAL TYPE
WDIFICATION I

Figure 80-Type 94 and Experimental Type Modification 1 Float Lights.

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2 . The illuminant is contained in a cardboard 3. A small guide parachute and a larger para-
canister which is covered by sheet brass 0.025 ehute are housed in the after end of the body .
inch thick. The after end is closed by a steel They are surrounded by a layer of cardboard
plate held by screws to the cylinder . A ja inch which insures smooth ejection .
wire rope 65 inches long from which the candle
unit is suspended is attached to this steel plate Operation : Shortly after being released from
by means of a shackle. The forward end of the the plane the aerial burst fuze operates . The re-
container is open and fits against a wooden sultant flash from the magazine ignites the
block in the nose piece . The illuminant at the
ignition charge which in turn ignites the illumi
open end contains in its center an ignition charge
3 inches in diameter and 1/4 inch thick. nant. The expanding gases force the end cap off
Length of illuminant container : 25% inches . and eject the parachute and illuminating candle
Length of illuminant: 23%. inches . unit. The flare sheds a bright white light and
Diameter of illuminant: 7 ;'a inches . burns for 4 minutes 40 seconds.

Type 94 and Experimental Type Modification 1

Float Lights
Experimental
Fuzes : None . Type 94 type, Modification 1
Over-all length------ 11 ;16 inches__ . __ 21?i inches .
Length of body _ _ _ _ _ 11 ;1 6 inches_ 21?4 inches .
Diameter of body _ _ 2 1 ii6 inches_ Va inches .
Thickness of wall--- §w inch_-_ %% inch .
Material of wall ----- Tin plate_ _ ._ Tin Plate.
Type of suspension . . . None ----------- None .
Suspension lug None _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1Vone.
Color and markings__ {grey. Red pull Chrome yellow,
rings . One Red pull rings.
paper label. Two paper
labels .
Length of tail fins 2? inches-_ __ _ _ _ 7 inches .
Width of tail _ _ 3 inches -------- 5 inches .
Width of tail fins__ . . 1?e 23-a inches .
Dimensions of tail None_ _ _ _ _ . . _ _ a inches bv 3n inch
struts . b;1' 1'32 inch .
Material of tail Tin plate_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Tin plate.
Type of filling____ _ _ _ Calcium carbide and Calcium phos-
phide .
Weight of filling__ Calcium carbide, Calcium carbide,
0.5 pound. 2.0 pomzds . -
Total weight ofbomb- 2.2 pounds______ 6.6 pounds .
Charge/weight ratio_ 23 percent------ 33 percent.

Construction of body : In both types the body on type 94 . The fins on the experimental type are
is constructed of tin plate rolled into a cylinder braced by a single set of box-type struts .
with soldered lapped joints . The hemispherical Operation : The tear strips are removed before
nosepiece and conical tail piece are soldered to the droppings. On impact with the, water, the water
body . The nosepiece houses a lead weight . The enters the holes formerly covered by the tear
calcium carbide is contained in the forward part of strips . Water reacts with calcium phosphide to
the body, the calcium phosphide in the after part. generate phosphine and calcium carbide to gen-
Two metal tear strips cover water inlet holes in erate acetylene, gas . On contact with the air
the nose and tail . phosphine ignites spontaneously and the resultant
Construction of tail : Four steel fins are soldered flame is fed by the ae(,tylene which acts as the
to the body and tail cone . There are no struts main source of file] .
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YP'- C .4 MQ0E L

'f YPE. 0 KDE L

figure 81--Type 94 Model 2 and Type 0 Model I float Lights

.
Type 94 Model 2 and Type 0 Model 1 Float
Type 94 Type 0
Lights Model 2 Model I
Type 94 Dimensions of tail struts_ None-------- Length, 3%
Fuzes : None, Type 0
Model 2 Model I inches ; width,
Over-all length_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to inches___ .__ 13'Y
t inches . Y4 inch ; thick
Length of body --------- 10 inches----- 12IY,8
inches . ness, !32 inoh .
Diameter of body _ _ - _ _ _ _ 2'Y,2 inches --- 2Ys Material of tail : Tin plate.
inches .
Thickness of wall________ is~ inch ------- TyVe of filling : Calcium carbide and calcium
/n4 inch . phosphide .
Material of wall : Tin plate .
Type of suspension : None . Construction of body : In both types the body
Suspension lug : None . is constructed of tin plate rolled into a cylinder
Color and markings : Grey over-all with two with soldered lapped joints . The ogival nosepiece
labels pasted
on body.
and conical tailpiece are soldered to the body .
Type 94 Type 0
Model 2 Model I The nosepiece houses a lead weight . The calcium
Length of tail fins_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3y inches----- 4% carbide is contained in the forward part of the
inches .
Width of tail fins___ __ 1 inch -------- 1% inches, body, the calcium phosphide in the after part .
108
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Two metal tear strips cover water inlet holes in

the nose and tail.
Construction of tail : Type 94 Model 2: Three
tail fins are soldered to the tail cone . There are
no struts . Type 0 Model 1 : Four tail fins are
soldered to the body and tail cone and are braced
by a single, set of box-type struts .
Operation : The tear strips are removed before
dropping. On impact with the water, the water
enters the holes formerly covered by the tear
strips . Water reacts with calcium phosphine
to generate phosphine and calcium carbide to
generate acetylene gas . On contact with the air
phosphine ignites spontaneously and the resultant
flame is fed by the acetylene which acts as the
main source of fuel.
Remarks : The Type 0 Model 1 float light has a
deflector on the exterior of the nosepiece which
prevents it from penetrating too deeply into the
water.
2-kg . Smoke Float
Fuzes: Pull igniter.
Over-all length : 18% inches .
Diameter of body : 4% inches .
Color and markings : White except for yellow nose .
Total weight : 4% pounds .
Suspension : Tbrown by hand .
Description : A cast-brass nosepiece weighted
with lead is soldered to a conical body of 22 gage
sheet metal. A smoke candle unit screws into Figvre E2°-2-kg. Smoke Float.
the nose. An emission tube, supported by three
metal disks, passes lengthwise through the center
Remarks: This smoke float will also be found
of the body and has a cork plug in the tail end.
with a black nose and white body . When so
Three rounded tail fins are soldered around the
painted, it contains a black smoke unit .
after end of the body.
The stroke candle unit consists of a casing of 43-kg. Smoke Float
light alloy containing a, smoke-producing com-
position. A quick-match wick and a length of Fuzes : D-3 (a) (with vane cups) .
safety fuse connects the candle with the igniter. Over-all length : 51 inches .
The igniter casing contains a release pin, a spring- Length of body : 35j' inches .
loaded striker and primer pressed into a plug Diameter of body : 11 ;4' inches .
which screws into the end of the casing, Material of wall : Sheet steel .
Operation : The safetypin is removed and the Type of suspension : Horizontal .
release pin is withdrawn by pulling on the pull Suspension lug . Normal Navy suspension lug.
ring . The striker spring is compressed until the Color and markings : Grey over all with a '4 inch
release pin is free of the, casing and then the red stripe forward of the end cap .
striker is released . It strikes the primer thus Length of tail fins : 15 inches .
igniting the safety fuse and quick-match wick Width of tail : 133X inches .
which ignites the smoke composition (after a Width of tail fins : 234' inches .

short delay) which produces a yellow smoke. Dimensions of tail struts : None.

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F- XZE r1-
_YE ,T Description : The float consists of five sections ;
a weiglit.ed nose, a conical body, a boat-tailed
attachment, an after piece and an end cap. All
parts are soldered solidly together with the excep-
tion of the end cap which is held on by four spot
solders. Four fins are soldered to the after piece
and boat-tailed attachment . The fuze pocket is
located in the side of the after piece and has an
extended opening.
The smoke composition is contained in a tin
cylinder running from the nosepiece to a steel
ring in the boat-tailed attachment . A pull
igniter, delay train and quick-match composition
are contained within the smoke unit .
The parachute of light weight white silk is
packed compactly in the after piece. The para-
chute is secured to a ?41 inch wire rope which is
attached to a shackle on a wooden block . At
the junction of the parachute shrouds and the
wire rope is a chock absorber of 3a inch bungee
rubber strands. On the opposite side of the block
are two ;1 inch wire ropes which lead through a
second wooden block to a steel ring at the after
end of the boat-tailed attachment . Lashed
securely to one of the 1 4'-incli cables is a !is-inch
1

cable leading to a pull igniter in the smoke

container. A second !; 6-inch cable leads from the
shackle on the after wooden block to a small
wooden disk contained in the second block.
Around this is a black powder ejection charge .
A third Y,6-inch cable leads from the shackle to
a contact on the body at the top of the container.
Operation : When the aerial burst fuze functions,
the ejection charge is ignited . The end cap is
torn off and the parachute ejected . As the para-
chute is blown out, the pull igniter is actuated
and the delay train initiated.
The parachute checxs the fall of the flare
sufficiently to prevent smashing of the case on
impact with the water_ The smoke composition
burns from S to 8 minutes giving off a grey-
black smoke that is heavier than air.
Type 0 Model 1, Type 0 Model 2, and Card-
Figure 83--43-kg. Smoke Float. bd
oa TSM
ype ea arers
Fuzes : None.
Type 0 Model 1 Cardboard type
Material of tail : Sheet steel .
Over-all length- -- 12 ;X inches------ 12Y inches .
Type of filling : Smoke composition. Length of body----- 7;x inches ------- 7',i inches .
Weight of filling : 42 pounds (including container) . Diameter of body---- 3 inches -------- 3 inches .
Thickness of wall_ '14 inches ------- 146 inches .
Total weight of bomb : 94 pounds. Material of wall- Sheet steel ------ Cardboard.

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LpriJtGO-UL TYPE ''tFF U VAEL i

Figure 84--Type 0 Model 1, Type 0 Model 2, and Cardboard Type Sea Markers .

Type 0 Model 1 Cardboard type Construction of body : Type 0 : A sheet steel

Type of suspension___ Dropped by Dropped by hand . cylindrical body is fastened to the steel nosepiece
hand .
Suspension lug ------ None _ _ - None . by four punch marks . The tail cone and body are
Color and markings : Aluminum color. Japanese inscrip- joined by a thin disk of light wood secured by four
tion printed on a paper label which is glued to the body tacks in each component.
of the Marker . (Instructions for operation of marker .)
Cardboard type : A hollow-steel nosepiece is
Type o Model 1 Cardboard type
secured to a paper body by a strip of adhesive tape .
Length of tail_ _ .. _ _ 5 inches- _ _ -_ _ _ 5 inches .
Width of tail -------- C inches_______ 3 inches .
The body is reinforced by cardboard strips . A
Width of tail fins_____ lysinches------- 1y4inches. cardboard tail cone is fastened to the body by
Dimensions of tail 2?; x iin x ''/sa None . adhesive tape . Four cardboard fins are glued to
struts . inches . the tail cone . Situated in the hollow section of the
Material of tail__-_ _ Light tin_ _ _-_ _ _ Cardboard .
Type of filling : Aluminum powder, containing 6.5 percent
steel nosepiece is a wooden cylinder 1'/,s inches in
zinc . 1 ounce. covers 118 square feet . No explosive . diameter . Fastened to this cylinder is a small
Type 0 Model 1 Cardboard type
wooden disk the same diameter as the inside of
the body . Located between this nose disk and
Weight of filling----- 0 .7 pound - 1 .0 pound.
Total weight of bomb_ 3 .5 pounds___ _ _ 3 .5 pounds . the wooden dish in the tail is a connecting wooden
Charge/weight ratio---- -2O percent_ 20 percent. pin 4Y inches long .
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Operation : Type 0 : On impact with the water, container breaks up and releases the. aluminum
the plug in the nose is forced up into the body, powder .
forcing the tail portion to be freed from the Remarks : Type 0 Model 2 is similar in construc-
tion to Model 1 . It is painted yellow over all and
body, thereby scattering the aluminum powder.
contains a filling of dark green powder which
Cardboard Type: On impact with water the produces a green slick on the water.

WHITE PHOSPHOROUS

PHOSPHOROUS-FILLED
STEEL PELLETS

WELD

BURSTER CHARGE

GAINS WELL -

WOODEN PLUG ,

PEG NOSE

CROSS SECTION OF A FELLET

Figure 85--Type 3 No . 6 Target Marker Bomb .

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Type 3 No. 6 Target Marker Bomb Type 2 2-kg . Target Indicator

Fuzes : A-1 or A-3 series . Fuzes : None.
Over-all length : 42Y4 inches . Over-all length : 17 inches .
Length of body : 21 inches . Length of body : 11 ;6 inches .
Diameter of body : 9Y inches. Diameter of bodr : 3 inches .
Thickness of wall : 3g inch . Thickness of wall : 3is inch .
Material of wall : Steel. Material of wall : Bakelite .
Type of suspension : Horizontal . Type of suspension : Horizontal .
Suspension lug : Normal suspension lug. Suspension lug : A steel suspension ring is attached
Color and markings : The bomb is grey over all to a steel band by a soldered tin strip . The
with a red band on the nose and red tail struts . steel band fits tightly around the bomb body .
Four longitudinal grooves are painted red. Color and markings : Black body and tail . No
Length of tail : 21 r, inches . other color or markings present.
Width of tai] : 13Y, inches . Length of tail : 4% inches .
Width of tail fins : 6 inches . Width of tail : 5 inches .
Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 93,4' inches ; Width of tail fins : 1 X,s inches .
width, 13" inches ; thickness, /16 inch. Dimensions of tail struts : Length 3% inches ;
Material of tail : Steel. width ;IF inch .
Type of filling : The filling consists of 152 phos- Material of tail : Sheet tin.
phorous-filled steel pellets contained in three Type of filling : F. M. (titanium tetrachloride) .
cylindrical steel canisters. Each canister is Weight of filling : 1 pound 7% ounces
filled with pellets and the space not occupied by Total weight of bomb : 3 pounds 14 ounces .
the pellets is filled with white phosphorus . The Charge/weight ratio : 37 percent.
canisters are covered with a heavy wax coating. Construction of body : The bomb body is of
There is a charge of type 98 explosive in the molded bakelite construction with an opening in
nosepiece of the bomb. the after end only. This opening is threaded to
Weight of canisters :
receive a bakelite stopper, the union being sealed
68 pellets : 56 .0 pounds .
56 pellets : 37 .5 pounds . by a. black rubber washer . The stopper is
28 pellets : 13 .0 pounds . threaded internally to receive a bakelite tube
Dimensions of canisters : Length Diameter which extends nearly the complete length of the
68 pellets-__-_ 7 inches .-------- 834 inches . bomb body . The after end of the stopper is a
56 pellets----- 5X inches------- 8XX inches .
slightly tapered tube and a rubber tube is
28 pellets___-- 3 inches -------- 8y{ inches .
Dimensions of pel- cemented over it. Cemented into the after end
lets------------ 2Xzinches-____-- 1} inches . of the. rubber tube is a glass tube through which
Weight of filling : 107 pounds . the bomb is filled . When the bomb is approxi-
Total weight of bomb : 155 pounds. mately two-thirds filled with liquid F . \1 . the
Charge/weight ratio : 69 percent. glass tube is heated and sealed off. A small wire
Construction of body : A cast-steel nosepiece is is attached to the. glass tube at the point of seal-
attached to a longitudinally welded steel body ing. Each of the cemented unions is reinforced
by a continuous weld . The nosepiece contains a with a wire wrapping.
gaine well surrounded by an explosive charge A ballistic cap is glued-to the nose of the bomb.
which in turn is surrounded by a wooden filler The cap is made of heavy paper and is filled with
plug . The body has 4 external longitudinal fine iron filings to make the bomb nose heavy.
grooves 90° removed from each other. The tail Construction of tail : The tail fins are made of
cone is welded to a collar which fits into the body sheet tin. Pairs of adjacent fins are stamped
and is held there by a single row of 16 screws . from the same piece of metal and soldered to the
Construction of tail : The tail cone is constructed forward end after circular struts . The edges of
of 3i-inch steel and is welded longitudinally . Four the fins are strengthened by having a one-eighth
steel fins are welded to the cone and are braced by (j8) inch turn-back . The after circular strut
a single set of box-type struts . (yridth, 1 inch ; diameter, 1% inches) is similarly
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se :urity Intarmation

lIzE

IA I'4 FINS

.!_ASS TUBE

R -'JBBEX TUBE

EAKELITE STSFPEP

EAF;ELITE

BAXELITE TJEE ..

lF"f.? FILLER

SUSPENS f CN LUG

- SLSPFNSION HAfdX

Figure 86--Type 2 2-kg . Target Indicator.

strengthened . The forward circular strut (width, circular strut. A single set of box-type struts
,ie inch ; diameter, 1Ys inches) is of lighter gage tin (length, 336 inches ; width, '/, e inch) is located at the
and is secured to the fins by soldering except for
after extremities of the fins .
one free end which is secured by a bolt and nut
after the fins are assembled to the bomb . To Operation: The bomb is released from the plane
insure positive seating of the fins, a rubber insert and the case fractures on contact with the target,
extends half way around the inside of the forward The smoke. mixture is dispersed .
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2-kg . Window Bomb Suspension lug : None .

Color and markings : Grey over all. Two yellow
Fuzes : Pull igniter. labels. One gives instructions for use, the other
Over-all length : 37 inches . the following : Silver paper scattering bomb,
Length of body : 37 inches . manufactured October 1944, Navy Air Force
Diameter of body : 134 inches . Arsenal .
Thickness of wall : 3a2 inch . Length of tail : 12 inches .
Material of wall : Sheet steel . Width of tail : 2% inches .
Type of suspension : None, hand thrown . Width of tail fins : Xtib inch

--yi'XI[11 I; 15C

1.xPLI )IV E L,FAR

Sr_'t 1 u i Y F'iS`

IRO"+ i LILIN
.
I GA i . E , V n

r F ---r l 'X L -,A

1 NN ER wYLI"JE`u R

PULL COQ

PULL TAb

NCS h JLLL

Figure 87-2-kg. Window Bomb .

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Dimensions of tail struts : Length, 2 inches ; Inner cylinder is in the front end of the case . It
width, as inch ; thickness, y x inch . is of light sheet metal construction and soldered
Material of tail : Sheet steel. longitudinally . A metal disk closes the nose end
Type of filling : 250 paper strips, cylinder con- and another metal disk is soldered in place 15s
taining iron pyrite . inches from the tail end. Space between the two
Weight of filling : Paper strips, 10 ounces ; iron disks is filled with iron pyrite to make the bomb
pyrite and cylinder, 20 ounces . nose heavy . Each disk has a '2 -inch hole in the
Total weight of bomb : 4 pounds 7 ounces . center through which a metal tube is inserted.
This houses a standard type pull igniter such as is
Description : Bomb consists of a nosepiece, body used in the 5-kilogram parachute flare. An 11
and end cap. Nosepiece is made of wood and has inch length of safety fuse crimped into the after
a bole in the center to accommodate the, string end of the igniter is led to an annular bag contain-
attached to the pull igniter. End of nosepiece is ing smokeless powder.
sealed with a paper disk which is removed when The 2,30 paper strips are just aft of the inner
the bomb is to be used . Nosepiece is secured to cylinder . Two L-shaped metal strips placed back
body by six nails. Body is of light sheet metal to back hold 125 strips each . Four heavy card-
construction, soldered longitudinally . After end board strips surround the paper strips to insure
is closed by an end cap of similar metal and held their smooth ejection . The paper strips are
in place by a sealing tape . covered on one side only by a metal foil.
Four equally spaced tail fins are. soldered to the Operation : The cotton tab on the nose is pulled
body. 1 inch from the after end of the case . Two exposing the pull igniter cord . This cord is pulled
sets of tail struts are utilized to support the fins . and the striker hits a flash cap which ignites the
Filling of the bomb case consists of 250 metal safety fuse . The bomb is thrown from the plane .
coated paper strips and an inner cylinder which The safety fuze burns for 40 seconds and sets o$
contains the delay element and ejection charge . the smokeless powder which ejects the paper strips .

"Baka" Piloted Rocket Bomb

BOMB DATA
Over-all length : 19 feet 10 inches .
Wingspread . 16 feet 5 inches .
Description : The "Baka" bomb is a suicide
weapon designed to be controlled by a human
pilot . It is carried beneath the fuselage of a bornber
and released near its target . Three rocket motors
provide propulsion after release from the mother
plane. The entire explosive content of the Baka
bomb .is contained in the warhead in the nose.
WARHEAD DATA Color and markings : Grey over all. Green band
Fuzes : A-3 (g), B-9 (a), B-10 (a), two of each . around nose, a brown band adjacent to it.
Over-all length : 683 inches . Type of filling : Trinitroanisol .
Diameter : 23y inches . Weight of filling : 1,135 pounds.
Thickness of wall : 1 /% inches . Total weight of warhead . 2,645 pounds.
Material of wall : Steel. Description : The warhead is of one piece,
Suspension : The war head is secured to the machined steel construction . It has parallel
fuselage of the "Baka" bomb by four brackets sides and an ogival nose . The nose fuze pocket is
welded to the base plate. 8 ;a inches deep . The after end of the warhead is
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NOSE FUZE ri:UX;Er

c',
Fs " , P LILY . If t

WARHEAD

Figure $$--"Bakes" Piloted Rocket Bomb .

closed by a base plate. Four tail fuze pockets are center hole accommodates an arming device which
grouped around a central threaded hole in a the pilot operates to arm the four tail fuzes
slightly raised portion of the base plate. The simultaneously .
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FUSELAGE MCiOR W NG MOTOR

Figure 89-Type 9 Mk I Launching Rocket ("Bakes" Motors) .

Type 4 Mk 1 Launching Rocket Wing Fuselage

Weight of complete --------------- 266 pounds .
($Qka  Motors) motor .
Wing Fuselage Weight of propellant- 97.8pounds_____ 97 .8pounds (-14 .8
Over-all length ------ 6538 inches__-_-_ 78 inches . kg_) .
Maximum diameter_- 10ke inches____ ------ 1018 inches . Length of propellant 19% inches_ .___ _ _ 1938 inches .
Description : Three fuselage motors contained in the after stick .
portion of the Baka serve as the main propulsion units. Depth of propellant 4?8 inches . 0s inches .
Two wing motors differing only in method of suspension stick .
and having shorter venturi tubes may or may not be used Weight of ignition 120 grams------ 120 grams .
in addition to the fuselage motors . charge .
Propellant : The propellant consists of 6 sticks of 500
special D . T . (code designation) . Chemical analysis
of this propellant is : 59.9 percent nitrocellulose, 26.9
percent nitroglycerine, 6 .1 percent mononitronaphthalene,
2 .9 percent ethyl rentralite and 1 .3 percent volatiles .

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Ignition : The motors are ignited by electrically fired

squibbs fitted into the nose portion of the motor, The
firing circuit is controlled by a selector switch in the
cockpit,

iCNtTER WELL

ADAPTER

3DtAB CASE

FAZE POCKET

Figure 40-Speciol Mk ] Rocket Motor Model 21 .

Special Mk 1 Rocket Motor Model 21

Overall length: 80 .3 inches.

Maximum diameter : 11 .8 inches (300 millimeters) .
Description : This unit is designed as an integral
type bomb pusher for launching 250-kilogram
bombs from ground launchers for land bom-
bardment . The motor described here is spe-
cifically designed to fit type 98 No . 25 land use
bombs. Another motor is reported to be de-
signed as a pusher unit for type 99 No. 25
ordinary bombs . This motor has never been
recovered but is reported to be only slightly
different from the recovered model.
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Weight of complete motor : 429 .2 pounds (194 .8 The 20 sticks are arranged in 2 groups of 10
kilograms) . sticks each, 1 group directly aft of the other.
Weight of propellant : 178.2 pounds (81 kilo-
Igniter : The igniter consists of an igniter body,
grams) .
Length of propellant stick : 21 .65 inches . electric cap and igniter charge of black powder .
The igniter is inserted in the forward end of the
Depth of propellant stick : 3Ys inches (39.3
motor and is ignited by a hand generator.
millimeters) .
Weight of ignition charge : 150 grams . Launcher : A crude wooden trough mounted on
Propellant : The propellant charge consists of 20 a bipod forward and a steel base plate aft.
sticks of 343 special D . T. 2 (code designation) . Remarks : The 250-kilogram bomb pusher unit
The chemical analysis is not known as the unlike the 60-kilogram units remain with the
motor has never been recovered complete . explosive head throughout flight .

Type 3 and Model 10 Bomb Launching

Devices
Type 3 Model 10
Over-all length______ 40':' inches_____ 33 inches .
Maximum diameter__ 7y inches (20 7Ys inches (20
centimeters) . centimeters) .
Description : Both motors are designed as propulsion units
for 60 -kilogram ordinary or land use bombs. The
motors are used to propel these bombs from crude V-
shaped wooden troughs for land bombardment . The
motors are interchangeable and may be used on either
the 60-kilogram ordinary or land -use bomb .

Type 3 Model 10
Weight of complete 92 pounds (42 52 pounds (23 .6
round . kilograms) . kilograms) .
Weight of propellant- 25 pounds (11 13 pounds (5 .9
kilograms) . .
kilograms)
Length of propellant 183/0 inches___ 10% inches .
stick .
Depth of propellant 3yto inches 3iie inches .
stick .
Weight of ignition 2 ounces____ _ _ 2 ounces .
charge .
Propellant : The propellant charge consists of three sticks
of 343 D . T ., and 343 special D . T, s (code designation)
for the Model 10 and type 3, respectively . The chemical
analysis of 343 D . T., is 65 percent nitrocellulose, 30
percent nitroglycerine, 3 .0 percent ethyl centralite and
2 .0 percent sodium chloride . The chemical analysis of
3-13 special D . T .= is not known but probably involves a
small variation of 343 D . T . 2. The complete Japanese
designation for 343 D . T . s is type 93 Mk 2 propellant .
Ignition : The propellant is ignited by an electrical squib .
Current is supplied by a hand generator .
Launcher : A crude V-shaped wooden trough mounted on
a bipod forward and a steel base plate aft . The angle of
elevation can be varied .
Remarks : The variation in the size of the two motors is
possibly a means of varying the range .

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S K Mq MhMewn NAVY BOMBS

VENTUP Tj5E

WIEL Q

PROPELLAW7

iGNAER fir._

NOSE UP -_

TWA 

MOD STOUP

C4013 SECW_X',,

Figure 91-Type 3 and Model 10 Bomb-Launching Devices .

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ARVING SPINDLE

SHEAR WIRE

GTR! kER -

FIRING PIN

PR I w"ER

FLASH CHANNEL

DELAY SELECTOR SCREW

DELAY ELEMENT

RELAY

GAME (ARmY)-

Figure 92-A-2 (Q) Bomb Fuze.

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Chapter 2
JAPANESE BOMB FUZES

Introduction their fuzes . The Allies developed a system of

nomenclature consisting of three parts, (1) a cap-
The Japanese Army Air Force and the Japanese
ital letter, (2) a numeral, (3) a small parenthetical
Navy Air Force each use a distinctive set of fuzes.
letter .
Therefore, this section is divided into two main
1 . The capital letter denotes the basic type of
parts, Army and Navy.
fuze :
Individual fuzes and gaines of each service are,
generally interchangeable for use in bombs of that A _ 'Nose impact fuze.
service but are not interchangeable for use in B-_ _- Tail impact fuze .
ordnance of the other. C __ Long delay fuze (nose or tail) .
Each group possesses certain definite identifying D---- Aerial burst fuze (nose or tail) .
characteristics E---- Protective fuze (nose or tail),

ARMY FUZES 2. The numeral indicates the approximate order

of recovery by the Allied forces of different basic
1 . Arming vanes have holes for arming wires. designs of fuzes within the general classification of
2 . Safety forks are, usually fitted over the vanes A, B, C, D, or E .
into holes in the top of the fuze body . 3 . The small letter in parentheses indicates
3 . Most fuzes have the primer as an integral whether the fuze is the first, second, etc. example
part of the fuze . of a basic design . The difference between A-2 (a)
and A-2 (b) is roughly equivalent to the dif-
NAVY FUZES ference between modifications of a certain mark
1. Arming vanes do not have holes for arming of II. S . Navy ordnance .
wires . The Allied system of designations makes no dis-
2. Safety forks or safety pins are. usually in- tinction between Japanese Army and Japanese
serted into the fuze body from the side . Navy fuzes .
3. The fuze seldom has the primer as an inte- Wherever possible, the Japanese designation and
gral part of the fuze . Allied designation appear in the title . If no Jap-
Designation : At the beginning of the war little anese designation is given it indicates that the
was known about the Japanese designations for Japanese had no separate designation for this fuze .

Chapter 2-Section 1
ARMY BOMB FUZES
Type 93 instantaneous-Short-Delay Fuze Markings :

4CtBo
A-2 (a)
Bornbs in which used :
Type 94 50 and 100-kg .
Type 94 50 and 100-kg . (special) . (Tokio-April 1942 .)
Type 3 50 and 100-kg . Color: Natural brass .
Type 1 and 2 30-kg. substitute . Over-all length : 2,1/4 inches .
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Over-all width: 1 2 ;a: inches . the body and one on the. vane cap prevent the
Material of construction : Brass except steel spring arming vane assembly from jamming too tightly .
and steel firing pin . The Regular Army gaine is fitted to the fuze,
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Nose Operation : The arming wire is withdrawn from
fuze screwed in by hand and tightened by the vanes upon release of the bomb and after 10
spanner wrench . revolutions, the vanes fall free . On impact, the
Components of explosive train: Primer flash cap wire is sheared and the striker is forced inward
ignites a short delay train, or passes through the against the action of the spring . If the selector
selector to give instantaneous action by igniting switch is set for instantaneous action the flash
a relay which sets off the gaine . from the primer passes directly through the open
Fuzes likely to be found with : channel to fire a relay which fires the game . If
B---1(a) tail fuze. the switch is set for delay action, the flash channel
Delay times : is closed and the primer ignites the delay element
Short delay time (unknown) . which in turn fires the relay and the gaine .
Threads :
Remarks : If the fuze is found with the arming
1,1,'3 2 inch diameter 13 threads per inch.
spindle depressed, the striker is probably im-
Description : The upper body portion houses bedded in the primer and a slight movement may
the striker and arming spindle while the lower free it, and the spring will force the striker back.
body portion contains the selector mechanism for This friction may be sufficient to set off the primer,
instantaneous or short delay. A shear wire and thereby igniting the exploder system . Could be
spring hold the arming spindle after the vanes used in 15-kilogram antipersonnel, 50-kilogramn
fall away. A U-shaped safety wire fits over the incendiary, and 50-kilogram gas bombs.
vanes into the holes. A selector screw is fitted in A-2 (a) has been found with a short black
the fuze body and cannot be changed while the power game extending only l,X az inch below the
fuze is fitted within the bomb . A stop stud on fuze body .

Type 12-Year Instantaneous Fuze A-2 (b)

Bombs in which used :
Type 94 15-kg. substitute .
Type 100 50-kg. incendiary .
Type 97 50-kg. gas .
Markings : Fuzes likely to be found with : Probably none ;
may be fitted to bomb with an Army tail fuze,
DOE 2 Yt* Bo Delay times : None .
Threads : 1%32 inches diameter, 1 :3 threads per
Osaka-February 1941 inch.
Color: Natural brass. Description : The fuze body houses the striker
Over-all length : 2}' inches (with vanes), (less and the arming, spindle. Vanes are screwed onto
gaine) . the arming spindle which projects above the
Over-all width : 1`,'46 inches . body . No, shear wire is used . After arming, the
Material of construction : Brass except steel striker is kept away from the gaine by means of a
spring and steel firing pin. spring . A U-shaped wire secures the vanes
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The during transit., and it is removed only after the
fuze is screwed into the nose of the bomb and fuze is in the plane . A stop stud is found on the
tightened with a spanner wrench, A grub body and on the vane cap, and these prevent the
screw is usually present in the nose also. vanes from being jammed against the fuze body .
Components of explosive train: This fuze has an
Army gaine with the primer in the gaine . The Operation : Upon release from the plane, an
striker enters the gaine, pierces the primer and arming wire is withdrawn from the holes in the
sets off the exploder assembly . vanes and the latter rotate and fall free . Upon
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APPING SPItGLE

LOCATING KEY

KE YW4Y -SAFLTv 4v #RE

APR I #vG F1RIt;C PIN
BC13f
STR I FER GU i DE

Figure 93-A-2 (b) Bomb Fuze.

impact with the ground, the striker is pushed in Remarks : Fuze generally used in bombs requir-
against the action of the . spring and the firing pin ing detonation at ground 10v_ O1 SLIch as ineendifirY,
pierces the primer which is located in the gaine. antipersonnel, and gas .

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$acurrty Infarriatio

SAFETY FC FK.

'n' GirtE' SiiFA'R 'NfRE t Tn XD

dPFEFX

FL A :,F PORT

LICK INC r1I`.'L

PCRT REGU!a-CP

aLACK FCvy cER / ; . .:

LCifFR FLiZE BGGY SFLu-_TC'R S1,' ;TCH

v
INiE

Figure 94-A-2 (c) Bomb Fuze.

Type 99 instantaneous-Short Delay Fuze

A-2 (c)
Bombs in which used :
Type 94 50- and 100-kg .
Type 94 50- and 100-kg . (special)
Type 3 50- and 100-kg .
Type. 1 and 220-kg . substitute .
Markings : VU aterial
of construction : Brass throughout except
for steel firing pin, steel spri Z4 anil copper
shear wire .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
clockwise into nose and locking ring tightened .
Both fuze body and locking ring contain
Osaka-November 1942 spanner wrench holes.
Instantaneous Delayed Components of explosive train : Df-tonator cap,
Color: Natural brass coated with a a. selective pyrotechnic assembly, and a game .
yellowish Fuzes likely to be found with. B-1 (aj, B--1 (b) .
green varnish . Fuze may he steel colored,
Delay times : Instantaneous or short delay.
Over-all length : 39S inches (less gaine) .
Over-all width : 1 19/ inches . Threads : 1ias ; inches in diameter, 1 :3 threads per
inch_
126
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Description : The upper fuze body houses the vanes fall free . On impact, the wire is sheared
striker and the firing pin while the lower body and the striker is*forced inward against the spring .
portion contains the selective delay assembly . If the selector switch is set for instantaneous
A U-shaped safety wire fits over the arming vanes action, the flash from the primer passes directly
into holes in the upper fuze body to prevent through the open channel to fire a. relay which
premature rotation. The shear wire and spring fires the gaine. If the switch is set for delay
prevent the firing pin and striker from moving action, the flash channel is closed and the primer
down on the primer after the fuze is armed . The ignites the pyrotechnic delay element which in
selective delay assembly consists of one channel turn fires the relay and the gaine.
containing a pyrotechnic train for short delay, Remarks : Fuze armed after 6 rotations of vane ;
an open flash channel for instantaneous action, vanes will fall off after 10 rotations .
and a selector switch. Choice of fuze action is Variations of this fuze have been recovered .
made by turning the switch to the vertical or They are identical with the brass-bodied A-2 (c)
horizontal position in accordance with the Japan- except that the upper fuze body and in some cases,
ese characters and red arrow indicating the setting. the entire fuze bodv is made of steel .
A stop stud on the upper fuze body and one on Crashed Aircraft Intelligence (India) has found
the vane cap prevent the arming vane assembly a fuze changing mechanism with each bomb-re-
from jamming too tightly. An Army gaine is lease mechanism on Army bombers . Operation of
threaded into the lower body. the "fuze changer" causes a projecting tele-
scopic arm to rotate approximately 90 °. The
Operation : The arming wire is withdrawn upon forked end of this arm will fit into slot of selector
release of the bomb and after 10 revolutions, the switch .

Type 1 Instantaneous Fuze A-2 (d}

Bombs in which used :
Type 92 15-kg.
Type 100 50-kg. incendiary .
Type 100 50-kg. gas.
Color : Natural brass .
Over-all length : 2 inches.
Over-ail width : 1116 inches ; vane span 3% inches.
Material of construction : Brass except for light
metal striker-primer assembly .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze
is screwed into the nose fuze pocket and is
usually secured in place by a grub screw .
Components of explosive train : The primer is
housed in the fuze body . The remainder of the
explosive train is contained in the gaine.
Fuzes likely to be found with: Probably none ; Description : The fuze body is of one piece brass
however, it may be used in bombs that can be construction . The upper portion of the body is
fitted with a tail fuze. threaded externally to receive the arming vanes .
Delay times : None. The lower portion is threaded internally to accom-
Threads : 1  y inch diameter, 13 threads per inch, modate an Army type gaine and threaded exter-
RH. nally to fit a fuze pocket.
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IYIRE

BAYONET JOINT YETAI CUP

hAse'ER STRtKER

STn^fKER-PP4mER HOUSING SPRING

GAINS Poi iX'ER

Figure 95-A-2 (d) Bomb Fuze.

The fuze body contains the striker-primer as- A bayonet joint on the inside of the fuze body
sembly. This consists of a light metal striker- accommodates the wings of the washer in assem-
primer housing, striker, primer, spring, light bling the fuze. After being inserted, the striker-
metal cup, washer, and copper shear wire. The primer housing is rotated 90° before it is secured
striker is secured to a disk which rests on the in place .
shoulder of the tubular striker-primer housing.
The metal cup fits inside of the housing and its Operation : When the bomb is released from the
edges bear against the striker disk. The copper plane the arming wire is withdrawn, the vanes
shear wire holds the entire assembly in position . rotate and fall free . Upon impact with a solid
The primer is in the base of the housing and is object the copper wire is sheared and the striker-
held there by a. winged washer which. fits into the primer assembly moves down and bears against
slots in the side of the housing. A spring sepa- the bayonet joint . At the same time inertia
rates the washer and the striker disk. causes the primer and washer to move forward
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against the spring, the primer hits the striker and

is fired .
Remarks : The striker-primer assembly in this
fuze is an exact copy of the Remondy mechanism
used in French fuzes.

Type 92 Nose Fuze For Large Bombs A--4 (a)

Bombs in which used : Type. 92 or type 3 250-kg .
Markings :

RH
(Osaka--September 1940)
Color: Natural brass .
Over-all length : 73, 2 inches (less booster) . FIRING PIN

Over-all width : 21332 inches . SA :ETY FLliNGER ;

SPPI}rC
Material of construction : Brass, except steel spring
and steel firing pin . " ?RiVEI CAVR1ER

Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze r.EL_1Y E _WE .

is screwed into the nose of the bomb find tightr

ened with a spanner wrench .
Components of explosive train: A primer sets off
a delay element, which fires a gaine which in
turn sets off the booster .
Fuzes likely to be found with : Probably B-4 (a) .
Delay times : Not known (short delay only) .
Threads: 1% inches diameter, 8 threads per inch.
Description : The upper portion of the fuze body
houses the arming vane assembly . The lower
portion of the fuze body houses the firing pin
Figure 96---A-4(a) Bomb Fuze .
which is attached to a plug, and the two safety
plungers which protrude beyond the point of the
firing pin . The vanes are riveted to a sleeve This allows the firing pin point to protrude below
which is screwed to the arming spindle. The the plungers . On impact, the primer carrier
vanes are free to rotate, but two grub screws moves against the spring and hits the firing pill
prevent their falling off. A spring keeps the to set off the firing train.
firing pin away from the primer, after the fuze is
armed, until impact with the target . A selector Fuze for Type 3 Bomb A-b (a)
unit permits a delay to be set . The standard
Army gaine is surrounded by a booster . Spanner Bombs in which used : Type 3,1/'2 -kg.
holes are present. A U-shaped safety wire is also Color: Natural brass .
probably used . Over-all length : l ;ib inches .
Operation : Upon release from the plane, an Over-all width: 1 inch .
arming wire is withdrawn from the holes in the Material of construction : Brass except steel spring
vanes and the vanes rotate, but do not fall free. and striker and copper shear wire and nose cap .
The arming spindle is screwed upward by the Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
vanes, raising the two safety plungers with it. into nose . Secured by a grub screw.
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SH ;` T, c C R K ---.

CLCS I ;NG '?IASX F=,

v,A' ES

SHEAR WIRE

VANE LOCKING COLLAR

XL18

STRiKER

SPRING

LEAD AZIDE

GAINE

CYCLONITE

Figure 47-A-6 (a) Bomb Fuze .

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Components of explosive train: Primer flash cap, portion of the striker that extends above the fuze
two relay pellets of black powder, cyclonite body . A locking screw in the top of the striker
booster with lead azide detonator. prevents the vane assembly from falling away.
Fuzes likely- to be found with ; None . Operation : The vanes rotate, screwing the vane
assembly to the top of the striker where it is
Delay times: Instantaneous .
stopped by the locking screw head . The fuze is
Threads : 13; 6 inches in diameter, 16 threads per now armed . On impact the shear wire is broken
inch . and the striker is driven inward . Simultaneously,
Description : The steel striker is held in the the movable primer carrier moves forward against:
brass body by a soft copper shear wire. A spring the spring until the firing pin pierces the primer .
is positioned between the striker and the movable Remarks : The fuze is armed after 4X turns of
primer carrier. The vane hub screws down on the the vanes .

CL0il i fVu VrA',X" t+E --:

LCl cv '
VANE HUR -

S R1 -

i C .P

PIP X VEP 1 0
DXX 1-

LEAC' LZ ICi

G; -

Figure 98---A-6 (b) Bomb Fuze .

Fuze For Type 3 Bomb A-fs (b) Color : Natural brass .

Over-all length : 1 ;g inches (less gaine} .
Bombs in which used : Type 3 %2-kg.
Over-all width : is inch .
Markings :
Material of construction : Brass except for a steel
XX2 E3 tBe spring, a key and two stop pins .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
(Tokyo Army Arsenal, February 1939) into the nose . Secured by a grub screw' .
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Components of explosive train : The entire explo- the vane assembly from falling alva,y . The top
sive train is contained in the gaine. The primer of the vane hub is scaled by a closing washer which
screws into the gaine and is adjacent to the is crimped over its end .
lead azide core . Two high-explosive pellets fill Stop studs on the vane hub and on the fuze
the gain e. body, prevent the vanes from. binding .
Fuzes likely to be found with : None . A safetypin hole extends through the fuze
Delay times: Instantaneous. body and striker but no safetypin has been
recovered .
Description: The brass fuze body contains the There is no shear wire in this fuze .
firing pin, striker block, and spring . A locating
pin set in the fuze body fits into a keyway in the Operation : When the bombs fall free from the
striker preventing it from rotating, A firing pin container the vanes on the fuze rotate and thread
guide is screwed into the base of the fuze body . out to the locking screw . On impact the striker
A vane hub screws down on the portion of the compresses the spring and hits the primer .
striker that extends above the fuze body . The Remarks : The fuze is armed after four turns of
locking screw in the top of the striker prevents the vanes,

Fuze For Type 2 Bomb A-7 (a)

Bombs in which used : Type 2 2-kilogram bomb .
Markings :

6t - raa
(Tokyo Army Arsenal June 1942)
Color : Aluminum .
Over-all length : 1%, inches (less game) .
Over-all width: l% inches .
Material of construction : Aluminum body and through a brass nub protruding from the fuze
arming vane, brass arming spindle, striker and body . The arming vane is hinged to h brass
primer carrier . Firing pin is steel .
arming spindle. The spindle threads through the
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Threads
into an adapter on the bomb body, tightened fuze body and extends through the striker body.
with a spanner wrench. The all-ways action unit is housed within the
Components of explosive train : Primer and gaine . fuze body, the cavity of which is tapered so that
Gaine incorporates a black powder relay . the diameter at the base is smaller than at the
Fuzes likely to be found with . None . nose . The outer ends of the striker and primer
Delay times : None . carrier assembly are domed . The striker body is
Threads: 32 threads per inch ; RH, diameter, of solid brass construction with a sharp steel firing
13's inches . pin in the base . A hole is drilled through the
Description : The fuze body is of one-piece con- body to receive the arming spindle. The primer
struction . It is closed at the forward end by a carrier is made of brass and consists of a barrel
threaded closing disk. The after end is threaded threaded at one end to receive a male base plug
externally to screw into the bomb and internally containing the primer . In the outer diameter of
to receive the gaine. The base of the body is the plug are drilled four flash holes . The inner
pierced centrally by a flash hole . diameter of the barrel is large enough to accom-
A single arming vane is held in the safe position modate the striker body . A light spring holds the
against the fuze body by a safety pin which fits two apart.
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SAFETY PiN I- GS I !dC i l fil=

ARMING VANE F "' It:

ARMING SP}NDLE

SLASH FLOLE - ,; i; S X E.
"I,,, EP
T'

.
c: v is = LiL L X

I h'Ea ±;ARLS I E _X.. G

APP' I IN, G. t v'L

.LL''I` . X i h

_t :AC.k. PC 1`y`S1ER'., .
FELr. i=XX XL f l.IL

Figure 99-A-7 (a) Bomb Fuze .

Operation : The safety pin is , withdrawn from
the arming sane before the bomb is thrown from
the plane . The vane rotates causing the arming
spindle to thread out of the fuze body and fall free.
On impact with a solid object, the striker and
primer are caromed together overcoming the force
of the spring . The flash from the primer passes
through the flash holes, ignites the relay which in
turn sets off the gaine.
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"X . .
XE r l FW
:r
:

Y P .([ fi Lia

F!"FREXL-
M GASKET

SFEup iV I ;`l,E

F I -R F Illi ; P I N

L,ELAY

A71
LEAD I

OYC ¬ .ON I Tr

BOOSTER

KcOSTER HCUS I Ive

Figure 100-A-8 (a) Bomb Fuze.

Type 4 Two-Second Delay Fuze A-B (a) Material of construction : Brass except for steel
arming vanes, tightening pins and firing pin.
Bombs in which used: Type 3 100-kg. skipping Tinned sheet steel booster housing .
model bomb . Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
Color: Brass, except for black vanes . into nose of bomb and tightened by a wrench
that fits over the protruding pins.
Overall length : 3% inches (less, booster and game) .
Components of explosive train : Primer, delay,
Overall width : 1% inches . game, and booster . Relay incorporated in gaine .
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Fuzes likely to be found with : B-8 (a) . The delay element, consisting of a column of
Delay tinnes : 2 seconds. pressed brown powder, is carried in a brass piece
Threads: 13 threads per inch ; RH, diameter which threads into the base of fuze body and
I %2 inches . aligns with the flash hole in the base of the dividing
section.
Description : The fuze body houses a spindle
The game threads into the base of the fuze
that has a firing pin at its lower end, and a immediately below the delay element. It has a
threaded segment at the upper end that protrudes relay pellet above a lead azide cone imbedded in
above the body . The vane- assembly consisting cyclonite.
of four black vanes attached to a brass hub
screws onto this threaded portion . The central The booster, containing two cyclonite pellets,
segment of the spindle is enlarged to form a is housed in a light metal cylinder which is crimped
shoulder for a rubber gasket located in a recess in onto a groove in the lower part of the fuze body
the top of the fuze body . A brass washer just below the threads .
threads into this hole and bears on the top of the Operation : The safety fork is withdrawn allow-
gasket . The spindle is drilled to receive a brass ing the vanes to rotate up the threaded spindle
shear wire 2 .5 millimeters in diameter . and fall clear . On impact with a solid target the
The primer is contained in a thin cylinder shear wire is sheared and the firing pin is driven
pressed into the lower fuze body against a. dividing into the primer . The flash ignites the delay
section . The section is pierced with a. flash hole . train which in turn fires the gaine.

Type 4 Two-Second Delay Fuze For Large

Bombs A-8 (b)
Bombs in which used:
Type 3 250-kg . "Skipping Model" bomb .
Type 3 500-kg . "Skipping INIodel" bomb .
Color: Brass, except for black vanes,
Over-all length : G inches (less booster and game),
Over-all width: 23a inches . _
Material of construction : Brass except for steel
arming vanes tightening pins and firing pin.

Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed Just below this threaded portion, a part of the
into nose of bomb and tightened by a wrench spindle is enlarged . A rubber gasket fits down
that fits over the protruding pins . over this shoulder and a threaded washer screws
Components of Explosive Train : Primer, delay, down in a hole in the top of the fuze body and
gaine, and booster. Relay incorporated in bears on the gasket . The spindle is drilled to
gaine . receive a brass shear wire. 2 .5 millimeters in diam-
Fuzes likely to be found with : B-8 (a) . eter .
Delay times: 2 seconds . The - lower fuze body houses a threaded plug
Threads: 8 threads per inch, RH, diameter 1 ;8 containing the primer and below that a threaded
inches . delay carrier. The delay train runs across the
Description : The upper fuze body houses a diameter of the carrier and relays on the top and
striker spindle that has a. firing pin at its lower bottom of the carrier serve to lead the flash away
end and a threaded segment at the upper end from and back to the center line of the fuze. The
that protrudes above the body . The vane as- gaine abuts against the delay carrier . The booster
sembly consisting of four black vanes attached to housed in a brass cylinder threads onto the lower
a brass hub screws onto this threaded portion . fuze body .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

THREADED v,ASHER

RUBBER GASKET

SHEAR NiRE

-TIGr:TE.NING PI^

FIRING PIN

PR I IMER

DELAY CARRIER

BLACK PCWCER RELAY

LEAD AZIDE CORE

Figure rar-A-a (b) Bomb Furze.

Operation : The safety fork is withdrawn allow-

ing the vanes to rotate up the threaded spindle
and fall clear. On impact with a solid target the
shear wire is sheared and the firing pin is driven
into the primer. The flash ignites the delay train
which in turn fires the game.

136 RESTRICTED
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Security Informatior ARMY BOMB FUZES

ARMING VANE ASSENBLY

LOCATING P i N

STRIKER SPINDLE

SPRING

PRIMER

SLEEVE

BLACK PCWDER RELO

LEAD A? IDIm .. X. . - --. e

GA I NE

CYCLONITE

Figure 102'--'$-T (a) Bomb Fuze .

Type 12-Year Tail Fuze B-1 (a) -Markings-

Bombs in -which used :

Tye. 94 b0- and 10-kp g.
0,, * 12 )C + 1787
.,0
(Tokyo,
okXc°o, December 1941}
94 50- and 1{)0-kg. (special) . Color : Natural brass .
Type 3 50- aiid 1110-kg. Over-all length : 2 z ;a2 inches (less booster) .
Type 1 wid 2 30-kg . (substitute)
.---- . Over-ail width : lie inches .
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 JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE
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Security information

Material of construction : Brass, except steel spring spindle and is kept away from the primer by a
and firing pin . spring . Six spanner holes are present, along with
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Fuze is a hole for a shear wire.. No shear wire is fitted .
screwed into tail of bomb and tightened with a However, a locating pin prevents the striker spin-
spanner wrench . dle from rotating -with the vanes . A sleeve per-
Components of explosive train: Primer, standard mits the tail booster to be connected to the body.
Japanese Army tail gaine and booster. Stop studs are found on the vane cap and on the
Fuzes likely to be found with : A-2 (a), A-2 (c) or fuze body to prevent the vanes from being screwed
possibly A-2 (b), down too tightly.
Delay times : None .
Threads : 1j"32 inches in diameter, 13 threads per Operation : On release from the plane, an arm-
inch . ing wire is withdrawn from the holes in the vanes,
allowing the latter to rotate and fall free . On
Description : The fuze body houses the arming impact, the firing pin is forced inward against the
vane assembly which is secured by a U-shaped action of the spring to pierce the primer and set
wire. The firing pin is screwed into the striker off the exploder system .

Type 1 15-Second Delay Fuze B-1 (b)

Bombs in which used :

Type 92 250- and 500-kg . (and special) .
Type 94 50- and 100-1-. (and special) .
Type 3 50-, 100-, 250-, 500-kg .
Types 1 and 2 30-kg . substitute .

Markings :

tXBa
Description : Upper fuze body houses striker
assembly, the upper end of which is threaded for
5 the arming vanes which are prevented from
rotating during shipment by a lJ-shaped , safety
(Osaka, June 1942) fork fitting into holes. A locating pin fits-into the
Color: Natural brass. groove in the striker spindle preventing rotation
Over-all length : 5`3,2 inches (less booster) . during arming time . The lower fuze body con-
Over-all width: 19 6 inches . tains primer flash cap, delay train, flash channel
Material o¬ construction : All brass except spring and black powder relay . The spring prevents the
and firing pin.
striker from moving down on the primer flash cap
Position and method of fixing in bomb: Screwed
into tail cone with spanner wrench fitting III after fuze is armed.
holes. Operation : On release, arming wire is with-
Components of explosive train : Flash cap, delay drawn allowing vanes to rotate and fall free in
train, black powder relay, standard Army
eleven turns. On impact, the firing pin moves in
gaine, and picric booster.
Fuzes likely to be found with: Will generally be against the spring and pierces the cap . The flash
used alone ; however, bombs are designed to use passes through channel and ignites delay train,
and may have nose fuze. the gas from burning powder escaping through
Delay times : 15 to 16 seconds. escape hole. The delay train burns around the
Threads: 152 inches in diameter, 13 threads per periphery to flash channel, ignites powder relay,
inch . which in turn sets off the gaine and booster.
13 8 RESTRICTED
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Secirlty Information ARMY BOMB FUZES

DELAY TRAIN RING

DELAY TRAIN

FLASH HGLE THROUGH

VAIN BUDY AND DELAY
TRAIN RING TO AL LOW
PASSAGE OF FLASH
FRCS' CAP

GAS ESCAPE HOLE -

CCVERED riITh SMALL DISCS

ARM I NG VANE STOP STUD -X SECT 1' ., r

STRiKER-

UPPER FUZE BODY

LOCATING FIN

LEAD PLUG

L C'reER FUZE HGDY

SPRtNC STEEL
WASHER

FRiV"ER FLASH CAF

--
Af,'Fw CCNTVNER

F1_AStI CHANNEL-

RELAY HtL .E R

-BLACK POKER ELA`- --X- -

FINE GRAIrJED
PICRIC DETONATOR

Figure 103-B-1 (b) Bomb Fuze.

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information_ _ .

AZF7y'1Mili 4XartF I±SCE4Xi:rX

Figure 104--B-4 (a) Bomb Fuze.

Type 92 Tail Fuze For Large Bombs B-4 (a) Threads : 1=532 inches in diameter, 8 per inch .
Bombs in which used : Description ; The upper portion of the body
Type} 3 250, 500- and 1,000-kg . houses the arming vane assembly . The arming
Ty pe 92 250- and 500-kg. spindle is threaded at the lower end to screw into
Type 92 (special) 250- and 500-kg . they striker which is located in the lower portion
Markings

arftX1oliBo
of the body . A locating screw causes the spindle
to rotate with the arming vanes . Two locating
screws keep the striker from rotating as the spindle
is unscrewed . The striker is kept away from
(Osaka, October 1934) the primer by a spring . A grub screw holds the
Color: Natural brass . body screwed into the lower portion. Two holes
Over-all length : 5 2532 inches (less booster) . are present for the U-shaped safety wire . Six
Over-all width : 2 133: inches . spanner holes are located in the body . The
hi aterial of construction : Brass except steel spring standard Army gaine is surrounded by a booster.
and firing pin. Operation : On release from the plane, the arm-
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze ing wire is withdrawn from the holes in the vanes
is screwed into the bomb and tightened with a and the latter rotate, unscrewing the spindle from
spanner wrench. the striker. The vanes will not fall free because
Components of explosive train : A primer fires the they are held on by a locknut on. the vane boss
Army gaine which detonates the booster . collar . On impact, the striker moves downward,
Fuzes likely to be found with : 3-4 (a) . and the firing pin enters the primer, overcoming
Delay times : None . the resistance of the sprit}g.
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Security information
ARMY BOMB FUZES

6RWNG V4NE ASG,EMBLX

STPIYER

SPANNER iiDLES (2)

E?OCY ;ALUVINUM3

UETDiATOR

Figure 105-B-5 (o) Bomb Fuze.

B-5 (a) Tail Fuze Operation : The arming vane eLssembly un-
screws and falls away after the bomb is released
Bombs in which used : Type 3 33-kg. antiaircraft . from the container. spring holds the, striker
Color: Aluminum . away from the primer while the bomb is falling.
Over-all length : "') 1% inches (including tail extension) . On impact, inertia causes the striker to move
Over-all width : 1 ;,6 inches . downward against the spring . The striker pierces
?14a.terial of construction : Aluminum . the primer and the exploder system is set into
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Tail operation .
fuze held under tail cone. with vanes and arming
spindle protruding perpendicular to side of
bomb body . Experimental 3 .5 Second Delay Fuze B-l (a)
Components of explosive train : Lead azide primer, Bombs in, which used : Type 3, 100 kg. "Skipping
cyclonite detonator, and TINT-cyclonite main Model" bomb .
filler . Color : Brass, except for black vanes .
Fuzes likely to be found with : None . Over-all length : 4 ;a inches (less gaine and booster) .
Delay tunes : ?None. Over-all width : 2 ;8 inches .
Description : The fuze body houses an inertia Material of construction : Brass, except for steel
striker which is secured by the arming vane arming vanes and steel firing pin.
assembly which protrudes from the side of the Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
body . The arming vanes are cup-shaped . A into tail fuze pocket .
locating pin lines the hole in the striker up with Components of explosive train : Primer, delay
the arming vane hole in the tail assembly for train, gaine, and booster. Relay incorporated
ease in assembly . A spring keeps the. striker in gaine.
away from the primer flash cap after the arming Fuzes likely to be found with : A-8 (a) .
vane assembly falls away. The. tail assembly Delay times : 3 .5 seconds, or an alternative setting
hides the fuze to a. great, extent . of approximately 25 seconds.
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Infarrnatiao

RETAINING SCEE'AS

LCCATINC P9N

VAME NUB
SPM,"LE
ARMING

HO HCUS I ING
n
TM f,Y.Ez F CuSI .vC,

';TR I nER

LCCAT I NX] PIN

RRA S QI

SEALING RING

PU63PR laSKE.

FIRING 'PIN

SP PING1

PR I YER

CELAY HRHiN-

_FAG-IN

? I,Wii,3 C;EP G4', XFT

LEAD CUT -

RELAY

Ul'&EP FUZE KX',Y-

;AINE

Figure 10d-B-7 (a) Bomb Fuze .

Description : The fuze consists of a vane as- hole and into the striker . A locating pin on the
sembly, hub housing, striker housing, lower fuze inside of the housing fits into a longitudinal groove
body and sealing ring. on the striker and prevents it from rotating.
The arming vane assembly consists of three The striker is separated from the primer by a
black vanes attached to a hub. The hub is spring .
retained is a cylindrical housing by two retaining The lower fuze body contains the primer and
pins which permit the hub to rotate . There is a delay train . The .primer is carried in a threaded
locating pin on the Inside of the hub which fits plug which screws into a hole in the center of the
in a longitudinal keyway in the arming spindle. body . The flash lead in from thF, primer goes
The hub housing is threaded internally at its through the body to the delay train . This corn-
lower end to screw onto the striker housing. sists of a ring having a pressed brown powder train
The striker- housing has a threaded bole in its in ii groove . The ring is a friction fit oil tire body
center . The arming spindle screws through this and fits against a flange on the lower fuze body .
142 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED ARMY BOMB FUZES
Seeurity Information

A beveled washer fitted between the delay ring A brass washer with a rubber gasket glued to it
and the striker housing maintains a constant threads into the top of the ring and screws down
tension on the ring. The delay train burns so that the gasket bears on the shoulder of the
around to a lead out that goes down diagonally striker housing .
to a relay of black powder on top of the gaine.
The sealing ring is a large knurled brass ring. Operation : Arming vanes rotate causing the
The lower fuze body fits into the. ring so that its arming spindle to unscrew from the striker. On
shoulder bears against a flange on the base of the impact the striker compresses the spring and hits
ring. A rubber gasket on the outside of the ring the primer . The flash ignites the delay train
seals this connection . The ring extends up which ignites the relay which in turn sets off' the
slightly beyond the shoulder of the striker housing. gaine.

VANE NUT (ASSUVEu)

AP h`'E CJ G S P 1 N D
u LE

STRIKER

C,RP I NG

PRIUER

FLASr; HiCLE

F RING PIN

XL'I-K PUAJER RELX'

LEA; AL IPE CC,iE

TE".',L

Figure 107--B-8 (a) Bomb Fuze .

Type 4 Five-Second Delay Fuze B-8 (a) Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screws
into tail cone . Tightened in place. with spanner
Bombs in which used : 100-kg . "Skipping Model" wrench .
bomb. Components of explosive train : Primer, delay
Color : Brass, except for black vanes. train, standard Army gaine and booster.
Over-all length : 5 ;a inches (less booster) . Fuzes likely to be found with : A-8 (a) .
Over-all width : 2',a inches . Delay times : 5 seconds .
Material of construction : Brass except for steel Threads : 13 threads per inch ; RH, 15v2 inches in
--- vanes and steel striker point . diameter.
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

Description : The fuze consists of an upper and This cavity is filled by the striker and primer car-
lower fuze body . Upper fuze body houses the all- rier assembly, the outer ends of which are domed .
ways action unit, arming spindle and arming vane This assembly is similar to the all-wavs action unit
assembly . The lower fuze body which is threaded utilized in the A-7 (a) . The assembly fits across
internally to receive the upper body houses the the fuze and the arming spindle fits down through
lower part of the delay element. It is threaded a hole in the striker holding the primer and striker
.,
externally at one point to screw into the fuze apart. A sring also holds the two apart. A
pocket and below that to accommodate the booster flash hole in the bottom of the cavity leads to delay
tube . It is threaded internally at the after end train which is threaded into the base of the tipper
to receive a standard Army game . fuze body . This in turn leads through the lower
Upper fuze body is pierced centrally by a fuze body to the game .
threaded hole which houses the arming spindle. Operation : The safety fork is withdrawn and
Three bladed arming vanes fit over the top of the vanes rotate causing the arming spindle to
the spindle and are held there by a vane nut rise in the central hole and withdraw from the
staked in place. Just above the dome cavity is all-ways action unit . This leaves the striker and
a threaded segment of the arming spindle. The primer carrier separated only by the spring . On
spindle extends down into the cavity . impact at any angle the striker and primer are
The all-ways action unit is housed in the cavity cammed together by the force of inertia. The
drilled across the upper fuze body ending con- flash from the primer passes through the flash
cavely in a dome . The open end is closed by a holes, ignites the delay which in turn ignites the
threaded plug with a similar dome on the inside . relay on top of the gaine.

Type I Long-Delay Fuze C-3 (a)

Bombs in which used: Type 1 30-, 50-, 100-, 250-,
500-kg .
Markings

0.... * 4. C,tBo
{Tokyo, April 1942)
Color: Unpainted steel.
Over-all length : 7% inches (visible length, 1X Description : The fuze consists of the fuze body,
inches) . a nose cap which will not usually be found on a
Over-all width: 3iX inches . UXB, and a collar which joins the booster to the
Material of construction : Steel body, brass inside . body . An antiwithdrawal detent prevents the
Position and method of fixing in bomb: Screwed fuze from being unscrewed by hand . An arming
into the modified nose of the type 1 Army spindle is hollowed out to house a copper tank
bombs . (Right-hand thread .) Antiwi.th- filled with acetone. The arming spindle is held
drawal locking device is fitted to prevent re- in place by two spring-loaded detents . A screw-
moval . driver slot in the top of the spindle allows it to be
Components of explosive train : Primer, powder turned from the safe position (-}--) to the armed
train relay, game, and booster. position (-) marked in red meaning "firing point."
The rotation of the spindle is regulated by the
Fuzes likely to be found with : 1-1 (a) .
length of the grooves into which the spring-loaded
Delay times: 2 hours to 24 hours (may be shorter detents are fitted . When in the armed position,
or longer) . the four cut-away segments of the spindle are in
Threads : 2 3 '%2 inches in diameter, 12 threads line with the raised portions of the inertia weight,
per inch. thus allowing the latter to move up on impact .
14 4 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED
Security Infotmaton ARMY BOMB FUZES

SF CA

G='WING SPINDLE

-4N-TI-WITHDRAWAL DETEI T
ACETONE TANK 4PM I NC- SPINDLE DETEN' S

SEALING RIND
SCLUBLE PLUG
INERTIA WPIGBT
STRIKER RELEASE PIN-

STRIKER

PRIMER

SHEAR WIRES
STCP PIN
POWDER TRAIL RELAY

PLUG

BGCSTEP

GA 1NE-

SE4TIC, A-A OF ELSE

ahCWN CUT wGsc T( ; TriE
DETENTS
CRCI-S SECT I GNA'_ V I E XXi

STR I KER

LOCATING PINS

SECTION A-A

Figure 1 a8-C-3 (a) Bomb Fuze.

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N .1r;INr, PMLE X,NEHTIA

WEIGHT ASSEVi3LY L`NARv1HD

.-,_. ._. ..J.

d'SS 17.PLEu i"LX ` ARV"LNG SPLINDLE MRTlA
hEIGHT ASSEMBLY ARVED

Figure 709-C-3 (c) Bomb Fuze .

I46 RESTRICTED
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5ecuity Information ARMY BOMB FUZES

The inertia weight is held by two shear wires detents . After thQ acetone has softened the solu-
which are sheared on impact . Two spring-loaded ble plug, the striker release plunger moves out
detents hold the inertia weight in position before under spring action releasing the cocked striker
impact . On impact, the inertia weight moves up which fires the primer .
toward the tap of the fuze, and is locked in this Remarks : (a) Once the arming spindle is turned
through 45° to the firing point, it cannot be turned
position by these detents. This insures that the
back to safe. The spring-loaded detents prevent
firing pin is in line with the primer . When the this . Also, after impact, the inertia weight has
inertia weight moves up to the armed position, moved on to the spindle and will prevent rotation.
the safety detent remains behind, leaving the fir- (b) If the cap is found on a UXB, the fuze may
ing pin held only by the striker release. pin bearing have been armed and the cap may have been
against the soluble plug . When this plug dis- replaced .
solves, the pin moves up, freeing the striker and (c,) The antiwithdrawal detent will usually pre-
allowing it to be pushed into the detonator by the vent the fuze from being removed from the. bomb .
spring behind the striker. A rubber sealing ring If the fuze is removed, the booster and gaine may
keeps the solvent from running throughout the be set off if the fuze operates later. Therefore, -
fuze after the acetone tank is pierced. unscrew the booster and gaine immediately after
withdrawing the fuze.
Operation : Nose cap is removed. The arming
spindle is turned to the firing point (-) . This Note .-Actual tinne test run by Allied forces on the G3
(a) types A, B, C, and D gave the following average
turns the spindle so that the inertia weight is free delays :
to move ahead on impact . The spindle is locked T Type A--------------- 32 minutes .
in position by spring detents . The nose cap may Type B--------------- 5 hours 3 minutes .
be replaced . On impact, the inertia weight shears Type C--------------- 12 hours 42 minutes .
Type D-------------- 1$ hours 45 minutes .
the. shear wires and moves ahead . The striker is
lined up with the primer and is moved away from These tests were run under field conditions
the. stop pin. The acetone tank is pierced and the which would closely approximate. actual dropping
inertia weight is locked in the armed position by of the bomb .

Aerial-Burst Nose Fuzes D-1 (a) and D-1 (6)

Bombs in which used:
50-kg. size pamphlet bomb.
100-kg . size pamphlet bomb .
Color : Lamp black.
Over-all length : 7 .4 inches .
Over-all width : 3 .3 inches (vanes) ; 3.05 inches of coils secured to a closing plate and four quarter
(body) . section magnets encased within a brass sleeve
Material of construction : Aluminum body, brass which rides on a ball race seated on the coils. The
vanes. vanes do not come off but are threaded on securely,
Position and method of fixing in bomb: None . and in rotation turn the magnets around the
Components of explosive train: The detonator coils, The firing circuit consists of two plug leads
ignites the gaine which in turn ignites the gun- which conduct the current from the generator to
powder bursting charge . an air pressure operated switch . Leads to a squib
Fuzes likely to be found with : None. plug into the circuit from the switch . The switch -
Delay times : None . consists of two contact points . One point is
Description : The essential parts of this fuze are attached to a pivoted lever and a leaf spring bears
the generator, firing circuit, and the air pressure against this lever and- tends to force the contact
operated switch . The generator consists of a series point against the other point on the setting screw.
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

BRAYS SLEEVE

MAGNETS

LEAD

AIR-PRESSURE
OPERATED SWITCH

LEAF SPRANG

ELECTRIC SQW 6

Figure 118-[-1 (a) and I-1 (b) Bomb Fuzes

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RESTRICTED ARMY BOMB FUZES
Security Information

A stud attached to an aneroid type metallic the lever up and thus closes the contact points .
vacuum box bears against the other side of the The circuit being- complete, the squib fires.
lever, however, and tends to hold the contact The functioning altitude can be set by inserting
points apart . By rotating the setting screw the the fuze in a testing apparatus and adjusting the
distance between ' the contact points can be setting screw in both directions until the contact
adjusted. Twelve small air ports permit air to points are just closed and a pilot light lights .
enter and pass down the hollow spindle into The zero mark on the altitude scale is then placed
the fuze. at this point and the functioning altitude is set by
Operation : On release from the plane, the arm- rotating the pointers on the setting screw to the
ing wire is withdrawn from the holes in the desired height.
arming vanes and the vanes are freed to rotate . Remarks : The only apparent difference be-
An electric current is generated by the rotation tween the D-1 (a) and D-1 (b) is length ; the
of the magnets around the coils. Air entering the D-1 (a) body being 3% inches long and the D-1 (b),
small holes in the spindle exerts pressure on 4% inches. In addition, this same fuze has been
the vacuum box causing it to contract and lift the found with a bakelite body instead of aluminum,
stud from the switch lever. The leaf spring forces but is otherwise the same.

Type 1 Aerial-Burst D-5 (a), Type 1

Combination Fuze D-5 (b)
Bombs in which used :
D-5 (a) D-5 (b)
Type 94 50- 100-kg. Types 1, 2, and 3 .
(and special) .
Type 3 50- 100-kg ------ Aircraft Flare.
Type 92 15-kg.
Type 99 30-kg.
Markings :

aotn7 X
Bo tit II RX
Flare fuze (July 1943, Tokyo Army Arsenal)
Bomb fuze (November 1943, Osaka Army Arsenall
Color : Brass .
Over-all length: 4 inches .
Over-all width: 2 inches .
Material of construction : Brass except for steel Description : The fuze body is made up of eight
firing pins, spring, spring washers, and retaining parts . The vane hub is secured to the upper fuze
screws. body -by two retaining screws . These allow the
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed vanes to rotate yet prevent the vanes from falling
into nose . away . The upper fuze body screws onto an
Components of explosive train : Black powder mag- internal adapter ring which in turn screws around
azine or high explosive game . the lower fuze body . The upper powder train is
Fuzes likely to be found with : None . fixed, being locked to the upper fuze body by a
Delay times : 3 to 40 seconds . key pin . Two spring steel washers between the
Threads : 11%2 inches in diameter, 13 threads per upper fuze, body and the fixed powder train keep
inch. a working friction between the powder rings .
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 JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE
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Security Information

SAF=TY FI! I-CLE

vl+irC TY ART
ARN'i"c- "LNDLE
FI°emu FIR 1 IYG PI
ARV I NG SPINDLE FLANGE I \; _u I z
I4`FACT ERR' ! Xl ¬X
ARVING SIP INtLE KEY
':'CYA8L E °R I tiEP CARR I E-

I NTER"JA14 AL?APTER R I NIG

vEV PIN
SPRIG '6AShERS FIYEID roXiivER RING

FLASH PELLET FL,XSH PELLET

s
SLUE FLASK CHANNEL K"ABLE K4'1DER RING

FELT NASrE ;Y FLASH CHA JW L

BLACK PC7iDER TRAINS INITIATJX,! PE'ILFT

ELECTRIC SQUID AEQIAL BURST t Pi , .
I
SQUIB RETAINING CCLLAR

LCCKING RING

PR I L'EP

FLASH PELLET BLACK FC ¬hOER

MAGAZ I NE LEAD AZI - E CORE

BLACK FC'ACER

H ._ . GAINS F CF Sa"c
^ON-CCXP+DUCT ING PLASTIC DCCY

BRASS CCPiTA.CTS-

Figure r r r-D-5 (a) and D-S (b) Bomb Fuses.

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I0ormation ARMY BOMB FUZES
Security

The lower movable powder train is separated from impact (movable) primer carrier down and away
its adjacent parts by two felt washers. Both the from its fixed firing pin by bearing against the
safety arm of the carrier. The s's-inch long electric
upper and lower powder train rings slip down over
squib fits into the lower fuze body . Two 5-foot
the lower fuze body. The squib retaining collar
insulated single strand copper wires, and a 40-inch
is an L-shaped ring that fits around the lower fuze cord are attached .
body . The knurled locking ring threads on the Operation : On release, the wipe contact rod is
lower fuze body and serves to lock the fuze into pulled through the plane's contact points, firing
the bomb . The magazine is fired with large the squib and thus initiating the powder train
grained powder and has a 36-inch bole through its rings. The vanes rotate, turning the spindle up,
base to allow the flash to reach the ignition charge thus freeing the striker, and the impact primer
of the flare proper . The arming spindle is 3%e carrier . When the powder train has burned its
inches long . The upper portion is threaded for course, the gas generated by the initiating pellet
13{-inches to turn through the vane hub . At the drives the firing pin forward against the creep
end of the threaded portion is a .1¢-inch flange . spring and into the primer . A flash pellet relays
The tip of the lower portion of the spindle is split this to the black powder magazine or game .
(forked) . The gas operated, aerial burst, firing If the aerial burst feature fails, the primer carrier
pin shoulders on the forked tip of the arming moves against the fixed firing pin on impact .
spindle which denies it access to the primer until Note .-The bomb fuze differs from the flare fuze in that
the spindle is raised (armed) . In the unarmed it has a high-explosive gaine and adapter ring i:istead
position the arming spindle flange holds the of a magazine, and the impact firing feature is left out .

Type 1 Anti-Withdrawal Fuze E--1 (a)

-Bombs in which used : Type 1-50-, 100-, 250-, 500-kg .
11farkings :

rK z A+ aa
(Osaka Army Arsenal, July 1943)
Color : Brass.
Over-all length : 4;g inches (with gaine) .
Over-all width : 2 inches .
Material of construction : Striker, springs, screws, The spacing ring screws into the upper fuze
stop studs, trigger, and three spacers made of body and is secured by screws to the lower fuze
steel . All other parts made of brass. body . It serves to hold the inertia block part
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed way down against the spring . The lower fuze
into tail fuze pocket . body houses the firing mechanism and the primer
Components of explosive train : Primer and stand- cap . The trigger and the trigger spring are
ard Army type gaine. mounted on top of the lower fuze body . The
Fuze likely to be found with : C--3 (a.) . trigger is pivoted on a. screw threaded into the top
Delay times : No delay. of the lower fuze . body . One end bears against
Threads: firs inches in diameter, 8 threads per the trigger spring ; the other in the, cocked position
inch. fits on 'the striker notch, preventing the spring
loaded striker from firing . The trigger is pre-
Description : The vanes, similar to those of the
vented from pivoting by the inertia block against
B-1 (a) are locked to the arming spindle by a set-
which it rests .
screw. The arming spindle, housed in the conical
shaped upper fuze body, is a round shaft- threaded Operation : On release from the plane, the vanes
at the top with right-hand threads to attach to the rotate the arming spindle clockwise, unscrewing it
vanes and at the bottom with finer left-hand from the inertia block, which is keyed to prevent
threads to fit into the inertia block . rotation . The fuze is now armed . The flange of
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

u I XI .X vJ

X' !. . .. X ..li, .
ii T'. 1 .\1 t'. J' I V D LL

",v
' PPEX Lz , ..

S'r'ACE? X I'i

i tiELT I A X_', ! CCK

; X: I X E :=X s k X X r,

SPACER

TR GGE .R

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:;T1A P-L'CK

S°{'NG LCADED DETENT

T:"'. 1 .:3Lr S PR I It G

uTPIKER SPRi,NG

STr~ I KER

LG'WER FUZE UODY

P` IVER CAiXRIER--

SPRING

GA INE

STR I X'FR SP R I,N'G

Figure I I 2-F r (a) Bomb Fuze.

the arming spindle prevents the spindle and vanes The spring loaded trigger arm is released and
from falling away. pivots out beyond the fuze body a distance of
On impact, the inertia block moves down V4-inch where it encounters the wall of the fuze
against the spring and is held below the surface pocket . This movement of Yq-inch is not sufficient
of the lower fuze body by the spring loaded detent, to release the striker, The fuze will not fire as
152 RESTRICTED
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s°eurity informatUn

long as it, remains in the bomb . If withdrawal is

attempted, the trigger arm will snap into the.
annular groove as the last thread of the fuze
pocket is disengaged . This movement of the
trigger releases the spring loaded striker and it
hits the primer .

Remote Control Radio Fuze

This fuze is a Japanese Army attempt to pro-
duce a remotely controlled bomb detonating device
which would allow the operator to detonate the
bomb at any time during its flight . It operates on
electronic principles, and is fired on reception of
the proper radio signal from the operator .
Physically, the fuze is large and cumbersome,
being 9 inches in length, exclusive of any provision
for an explosive gaiile . The lower portion is in
the shape of a rectangular prism 338 x 336 x 4;4
inches . The top 4 1 4'-inches is in the shape of a
pyramid . A set of anemometer vanes is mounted
on the side of the pyramidal portion . The elec-
tronic equipment is protected by an outer cover
of sheet aluminum .
The device is apparently intended to he operated
by an observer in the airplane from which the
bomb is dropped, equipped with a. sending device
to produce the required radio firing signal .
Arming is accomplished by means of arming vanes
which allow two arming switches to close after
air travel .
This fuze was still in the experimental stage,
and no attempt had been made to fit it to a
bomb . A large bomb, possibly of the incendiary
shrapnel type, to be used against enemy bomber
formations is indicated .

Figure I13---Remote-Control Radio Fuze .

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A W I t_ ,----

KEYWAY--

VANE BOSS
f

LOCATING PIN I.,

A

CTRIKER 5Pi,4Ot .E-

ETAItiINtG PINS -

GRUB SCREW -

SHEAR 'HfRE-

LCCATING P{I, I

OCLLAP,

AIR VENTS

=1RING PIN

SET SCREWS

GETCrtATOk HOLDER

A-1W (APYED

THREAOS FOR aAI?!E

Figure 114-A-1 (a), A-1 (b), and A-1 (c) Bomb Fuzes.
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Chapter 2--Section 2

NAVY BOMB FUZES

A-1(a), A-1(b), and A-1(c) Nose Fuzes

Bombs in which used :
A-1 (a)-Probably interchangeable with A-3 (a) .
A-1 (b)--Type 99 No, 3 Mk 3 .
A-1 (c)-Type 98 No, 80 land .
No. 80 Model 1 and No. 50 ll-Iodel 2 ordinary .
Japanese designation :
A-1 (a)-Type 2 Nose Fuze Model 2.
A-1(b)--Type 90 Nose Initiator.
A-1 (c)-Type 2 Nose Fuze hfodel 1.
A-1 (a) A-1 (b) A-1 (c)
Color----------------------- Natural brass__ Natural brass-- Brass upper body . Lacquered
lower body .
Over-all length--------------- fi inches-----_- fi inches------- 71% inches .
Over-all width __--------_ _ 2!; inches ---___ 2 ;; inches ----- 2%, inches .
Material of construction------ Brass- _------- Brass--------- Brass except for steel setscrew,
striker point and locating pin.
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Threaded into nose of bomb.
A-1 (a) A--1 (b) A-1 (c)

Comp _:vents of explosive train- Standard Navy Primer and det- Standard Navy gaine.
gaine. onator .
Fuzes likely to be found with-- Nary tail fuzes Possibly D-2 (b). B-3 (b) or possibly B-2 series .
except C-1 (a).
Delay times: Probably none .
Threads : Al' ; _ree fuzes 1"'e inches in diameter, 10 threads per inch .

Description : The upper portion of the body (due to left-hand threads) . The vanes do not
houses the wane boss which is secured by ret - come off because the vane boss to which they are
ing pins and is free to rotate . It is threadeu Lito attached, is held by retaining pins and can only
the lower body and held by a grub screw. Through rotate . The anvil is stopped by keys when it
the upper and lower bodies passes the striker reaches the. limit of its partial keyways. Impact
threaded to the anvil which is keyed to the vane pushes anvil back . Spindle is forced downward.
boss . The anvil turns when the vane boss is Shear wire is sheared, and the firing pin impinges
rotated and threads up the striker until the keys on the primer .
shoulder in the partial keyways . Through the
striker passes a. shear wire which breaks on ini- Remarks : A-1 (a) : May arm in 5 revolutions of
pact and a locating pin which slides out of a slot the arming vanes,
in the upper body on impact . A-1 (b) : This fuze was used in a 32-kg . bomb
Operation : On release, the arming pins are employed as an antivehicle mine in beach defenses
pulled out, the vanes and vane boss turn the anvil against landing forces attempting a seaward
which threads upward and away from the fuze invasion .
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A--1 (c) : This fuze is similar to the A-1 (a) . the A-I (a) . The striker spindle is longer, the
It differs in that the fuze body below the thread
diameter of the anvil head is larger, and the arm-
is substantially longer while the fuze body above
the threads is only slightly longer than that of ing vanes are longer .

ARMING VANE ASSEMBLY

SCREW

STOP SCREW

NCSE CAP

ARMING SLEEVE

STRfKER SPINDLE

SHEAR 'NIKE

STRIKER

SAFETY FORK HOLES

LOCATING SCREW

ARMED POSITION

Figure 115-A-3 (cr) Bomb Fuze.

Type 47 Mk 2 Nose Fuze Model 2 A-3 (a)

Bombs in which used
Type 97 No . 6 land .
Nos. 3, 6, and 25 ordinary Model 2 .
Type 99 Nos. 6 and 25 ordinary -'Lvlodel 1 .
Mk 1 bombs.
Mk 2 Nos. 6 and 25 .
1VIk'6, 8, and 26 .
.Markings :
One side-

Other side, 444

Color : Natural brass ; lower fuze body shellacked .
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Semity WOMAN NAVY BOMB FUZES

Over-all length : 5',X inches . A heavy wire. eyglet is attached to the side of the
Over-all width : 2iis inches ; vane span, 3% inches . fuze body and serves as a guide for the starting
Material of construction : Brass except steel arm- wire. The starting wire is -oldered to the nose
ing vanes and firing pin . cap in two places and gives an initial turn to the.
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed arming assembly when the bomb is dropped . A
clockwise into nose ; there are wrench flats on safety fork fits into the upper portion of the fuze
body . No a.ntiwithdrawal locking device is body, one prong of which extends up through
used . eyelets of arming vane assembly to prevent pre-
Components of explosive train : Standard Navy mature vane rotation .
gaine or magazine .
Operation : On release of bomb, the arming wire
Fuzes likely to be found with : B-2 (a), B-3 (a),
pulls the starting wire through the {'y elet, break-
D-2 (a), D-2 (b) , D-2 (c) . ing it Irose at the soldered points and simultane-
Delay times : Incorporated in Navy gaines .
ously imparting an initial rotation to the arming
Threads : 10 threads per inch ; diameter, 1ia inches .
vane assembly . In seven revolutions, the arm-
Description : The fuze consists of three main ing sleeve rises up the striker spindle to lock
parts: the body, the striker spindle, and the against the stop screw and arm the fuze . On
arming vane assembly . The striker spindle is impact, the entire assembly (vanes, nose cap,
located in the fuze body by means of a locating sleeve and spindle) are driven 11111-ard, shearing
screw and a shear wire which prevent. the spindle the shear wire, and the firing pin pierces the
from rotating or moving forward until impact . primer .
The upper portion of the spindle is threaded, while
a steel firing pin is screwed into the lower end . Remarks : 1 . The threads on the striker spindle
The arming vane assembly consists of a nose cap, are 12 threads per inch . 2 . A variation of this
arming vanes, and arming sleeve . The arming fuze has been found with a fiber nose cap . Sol-
sleeve, internally threaded, screws onto the spindle dered around the cap with holes located over six
and its length of travel is limited by a stop screw projections on the cap is a, thin steel band to which
threaded into the top of the spindle. To this is soldered the starting wire . The arming sleeve,
sleeve, the nose cap and arming vanes are attached striker spindle and shear wire are brass with the
by four short screws . The lower end of the fuze remainder of the fuze unpainted steel alloy. All
body is internally threaded to take the standard dimensions are the same as the standard A.-3 (a) .
Japanese gaine or magazine . Designation : Type 97, Mk 2, -Model 1 .

Type 9 Nose Fuze Model 2 A-3 (b)

Bombs in which used :
Type 97 No . 6.
Nos . 3, 6, and 25 ordinary 'Model 2 .
Type 99 Nos. 6 and 25 ordinary Model 1 .
Mk 1 Bombs.
Mk 2 No . 6 and 25 .
Mk 6, 8, and 26 .
Markings : Color: Brass colored over all except for steel col-
On wrench flats : ored vanes .
Over-all length : 6% inches .
One side-
Over-all width: 2 ;a inches ; vane span 3'2 inches
or 4ia inches .
Material of construction : Brass except ster'l arm-
Other side, 466 . ing vanes and firing pin .
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Security Information

V
ARX,IINC VANE ASSEs"BL'i SA ;ETY FORK HOLE

S%SE'7r

SXTGP 3 .'REi4

h X;; E XA r
5Tk 'FR .;FIr

X`XXI''t 'fi1IR

STR I IKER

r
1

FIRING PIN

THR'EE4DS FOR CAINE

Figure 116-A-3 (b) Bomb Fuze.

Position and method of fixing in bomb: Screwed fuze body, one prong of the fork extending up
clockwise into nose ; there are spanner wrench through evelets in the vane assembly to prevent
flats on side of body . No anti-withdrawal or premature rotation. The upper part of the brass
locking device used . striker spindle is externally threaded for the arm-
Components of explosive train: Employs stand- ing sleeve and has a stop screw threaded into the
ard Navy gaine or magazine . top end. The steel firing pin is screwed into the
Fuzes likely to be found with : B--2(a) ; B-3 (a) . lower end of the spindle . The nose cap arming
Delay times : Incorporated in -Navy gaine . assembly consists of the arming vanes, brass nose
Threads! 10 threads per inch ; diameter, 1?8 cap, and, arming sleeve . The arming sleeve, in-
inches . ternally threaded, screws onto the striker spindle
Description : The fuze consists of three parts: and its length of travel is limited by the stop screw
the fuze body, the striker spindle, and the nose at the top end of the spindle . The nose cap and
crap arming assembly . arming vanes are secured to the arming sleeve by
The fuze body contains the =triker spindle which four small screws .
is held in place by a shear wire and a brass locating A heavy wire eyelet is attached to the side of
pin . The lower end of the body is internally the fuze body and serves as a guide for the starting
threaded to take a standard N a vv gaine or maga- wire which is soldered to the nose cap at two points
zine . A safety fort: fits into the tipper side of the and gives an initial turn to the arming assembly .
158 RESTRICTED
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Security Intormatinn NAVY BOMB FUZES
Operation : On release of bomb, the arming On impact, the striker spindle is forced inward,
wire pulls the starting wire through the eyelet, shearing the shear wire, and the firing pin pierces
breaking it loose at the soldered points and simul- the primer .
Remarks : 1 . The threads on the striker spindle
taneously imparting an initial rotation to the
are 25 threads per inch . 2. Two different types
arming vane assembly . The arming vane assem- of arming vanes have been used on this fuze, the
bly rotates up on the. striker spindle and locks vanes varying as to size, shape, and pitch ; each
against the stop screw, thereby arming the fuze. type has six blades .

NCSE CAP-

SHEAR C RE

WASHER

SAFETY FORF, HOLES

STRIKERR SPINDLE

FUZE BODY

DETONATOR X0113E,R

Figure 717-A-3 (c) BwriX Fuze .

Type 2 Nose Initiator A-3 (c) Color: Natural steel color over all except for brass
nose cap .
Bombs in which used : 112k 3 No . 3 .
Over-all length : 6 inches (including detonator
Markings :
holder) .

;t k-9 223 Over-all width : 2j4 inches ; vane span, 3 1 ye inches .

Material of construction : Steel with brass striker
spindle and nose cap.
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Position and rncdiod of fixing, in bomb : Screws The brass nose cap, unlike that of the A-3 (a),
clockwise into nose ; there are spanne=r wrench is of one-piece construction . The cap is internally
flats on side of body . No locking or anti- threaded to receive the flange of the striker spindle .
withdrawal device . A six-bladed vane assembly is secured to the cap
Components of explosive train: Primer cap and by four screws . The usual type starting wire is
detonator. soldered to the side of the cap so that a rotary
Fuzes likely to be found with : D-2 (a), D-2 (b), motion will be imparted to the vane assembly
D-2 (c) . when the bomb is dropped . The detonator holder,
Delay times: Probably none. similar to that of the A--1(b), is affixed to the
Threads : 10 threads per inch ; diameter, 1 A inches . lower end of the fuze body by two screws .
Description : The fuze consists of four main Operation : On release from the plane, the start-
parts : the fuze body, the striker spindle, the" nose ing wire is pulled out through the eyelet, breaking
cap, and the detonator holder . The fuze body it loose from the soldered contacts with the nose
contains the striker spindle which is held in place cap. Simultaneously, an initial rotation is im-
by a shear wire and a locating screw. The lower parted to the nose cap which rotates up on the
end of the body is grooved to receive. the screws in striker spindle flange . The fuze is armed in
the detonator holder . A safety fork fits into the approximately 28 revolutions and the vane and
upper side of the fuze body, one prong of the fork cap fall away after 37 revolutions . On impact ;
extending up through eyelets in the vane assembly the striker spindle is forced inward, shearing the
to prevent premature vane rotation . slivar wire, and the firing pin pierces the primer .
The brass striker spindle is of one piece con- Remarks : 1 . The threads on the striker spindle
struction except for the steel firing pin which flange are 26 threads per inch . 2 . The appear-
screws into the lower end . A threaded flange, ance of this fuze (armed) in a tYB will differ
1 inch in diameter, at the top of the spindle screws materially from that of the A-3 (a) . The visible
into the nose cap. The spindle is drilled to take parts will be the threaded brass striker spindle
the shear wire ; a keyway in the side of the spindle flange possibly resting flush against the top of
receives the locating screw which prevents rota- the fuze body ; the nose cap and vanes fall away
j.ion or upward movement . after 37 revolutions .

Type 97 Mk 2 Nose Fuze Mode! 1 - A-3 (d)

Bombs in which used : No. 80 land, No. 80

ordinary Model 1 .
Markings :
One side, 2660 .
Other side

Color: Natural brass, maroon lacquered lower Componerit of explosive train: Employs standard
body . Steel vanes . Navy gaine or magazine .
Over-all length : 7,1,s inches . Fuzes likely to be found with : Probably B-3 (b) .
Over-all width : 2',A inches ; vane span, 43a inches . Delay times : Incorporated in Navy gaine.
Material of construction : Bras except for steel Threads: 10 threads per inch ; diameter, l% in-
vanes and firing pin . ches.
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed Description : The fuze consists of three main
clockwise into nose . There are spanner wrench parts : the body, the striker spindle, and the
flats on side of body . No anti-withdrawal or arming vane assembly . The striker spindle. is
locking device is used . located i« the fuze holy by means of a locating
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SAFETY FORK HOLE

ARMING VANE ASSEMELY-X

AIR HCLE5

SAFETY FCXRX ;

ARMING SLEEVE

SHEAR HIRE

LOCATING SCREW

STRIKER SPINDLE

SAFETY I CXRX HCLES

=iRfh"X PIN

Figure 118-A-3 (d) Bomb Fuze.

screw and a shear wire which prevent the spindle A heavy wire evelet is attached to the side of
from rotating or moving forward until impact . the fuze body and serves as a guide for the starting
The tipper portion of the spindle is threaded while wire . The starting wire is soldered to the nose
a steel firing pin is screwed into the lower end . cap in. two places and gives an initial turn to the
The arming vane assembly consists of a nose cap, arming , assembly when the bomb is dropped . A
arming vanes, and arming sleeve . The arming safety fork fits into the upper portion of the fuze
sleeve internally threaded, screws onto the spindle body, one prong of which extends up through
and its length of travel is limited by a stop screw eyelets of arming vane assembly to pre=vent
threaded into the top of the spindle . To this premature vane rotation .
sleeve, the nose cap and arming vanes are attached Operation : On release of bomb, the arming wire
by four short screws . The lower end of the fuze pulls the starting wire through the eyelet, breaking
body is internally threaded to-take-the standard it loose at the soldered points and simultaneously
Japanese ga,ine or magazine . imparting an initial rotation to the arming vane
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assembly . In seven revolutions, the arming sleeve lacquered lower fuze body is 1 ;;6 inches longer than
rises up the striker spindle to lock against the stop that of the A-3 (a) ; (b) the striker spindle of the
screw anti arm the fuze . On impact, the entire new fuze is longer than that of the A-3 (a) to
assembly (vanes, nose cap, sleeve and spindle) is match the elongated lower fuze body ; (c) the vanes
driven inward, shearing the shear wire, and the have a span of 43; inches as compared to the
firing pin pierces the primer . ;3 ;' inch vane span of the A-3 (a) .
Remarks : This fuze is similar to the A-3 (a) The threads on the arming spindle are 12
with the following exceptions : (a) the maroon threads per inch.

SAFETY FORK HOLES

riCSE CAP

ARMING SLEEVE

EYELET

SHEAR 'N I RE

3AFET'' FGRK HOLE5

ST ;KIKER SPINDLE

DETONATOR HOLDER

DETONATOR

Figure 119-A-3 (e) Bomb Fuze.

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Type 3 Nose Initiator A-3 (e) spindle . Its length of travel is limited by a stop
screw threaded into the top of the spindle . The
Bombs in which used : Temporarily designated nose cap and four arming vanes are attached to
type 99 No. fi smoke. this sleeve by four short screws .
Color: Steel, except for brass nose. cap. The. lower end of the fuze body is grooved cir-
Over-all length : 5 ,'/ inches (less detonator) . cumferentially. The cup-like detonator holder is
Over-all width : 2}a" inches ; vane span, 3% inches . secured to the fuze body by two screws which fit
Material of construction : Steel except for brass into this groove .
nose cap, arming sleeve, and. striker spindle . A heavy wire eyelet is attached to the side of
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed the fuze body and serves as a. guide for the starting
into nose fuze pocket and tightened with a wire. The starting wire is soldered to the nose
wrench.
cap in two places and gives an initial turn to the
Components of explosive train: Detonator . arming assembly when the bomb is dropped . A
Delay times : None . safety fork fits into the upper portion of the fuze
Threads : 10 threads per inch, RH, 1 ;s̀ inches body, one prong of which extends up through
in diameter. eyelets of arming vane assembly to prevent pre-
Description : The fuze consists of the fuze body, mature vane rotation .
arming vane assembly, striker spindle and deto- Operation : On release of bomb, the arming wire
nator holder . pulls the starting wire through the eyelet, breaking
The fuze body is of one-piece construction . It it loose at the soldered points and simultaneously
houses the striker spindle which is held in position imparting an initial rotation to the. arming vane
by a locating screw and a brass shear wire. The assembly. In seven revolutions, the arming
upper portion of the spindle is threaded and a sleeve rises up the striker spindle to lock against
steel firing pin is screwed into the lower end . the stop screw and arm the fuze. On impact, the
The arming vane assembly consists of a nose cap, entire assembly (vanes, nose cap, sleeve, and
arming vanes acid arming sleeve . The arming spindle) is driven inward, shearing the shear wire
sleeve is internally threaded and screws onto the. and the firing pin pierces the detonator .

Type 2 No . 50 Ordinary Bomb Model 1

Fuze A-3 (1
Bombs in which used : Type 2 No. 50 ordinary
bomb, Model 1 .
Color: Natural steel except for brass nose cap .
Over-all length : 10 inches .
Over-all width : 2 inches ; vane span, 3YX inches .
Material of construction : Steel except for brass Description : The fuze consists of three main
nose cap and arming sleeve . parts : the body, striker spindle acid arming vane
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze assembly .
is screwed into the nose of the bomb and The striker spindle is housed in the fuze body
tightened with a spanner wrench. and is held in position by a locating screw and a
Components of explosive train: Incorporated in shear wire . The spindle is made in three sections .
Navy gaine . The upper section, which is externally threaded
Fuzes likely to be found with : B-2 (a), slightly to take the. arming sleeve, is internally threaded
modified . in the top to take the stop screw and internally
Delay times : Incorporated in Navy game, threaded in the bottom to take the middle section
Threads : 10 threads per inch ; RH ; diameter, of the spindle._ The_ . . lower section of the striker
1% inches . spindle is internally threaded to take the middle
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NOSE XAP

AR`M T] 'a i EVE

LONER ' = i<ER SP IIV';LE

Figure 120--A-3 (f) Bomb Fuze .

section. The arming vanes and nose cap are nose cap in two places and gives an initial turn
attached to the arming sleeve by four screws . to the arming assembly when, the bomb is dropped.
A heavy wire eyelet is attached to the side of A safety fork fits into the upper portion of the
fuze body, one prong of which extends up through
the fuze body and serves as a guide for the start- eyelets of arming vane assembly to prevent pre-
ing wire. The starting wire is soldered to the mature vane rotation.
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Operation : On release of bomb, the arming ware sleeve rises up the striker spindle to lock against
pulls the starting wire through the eyelet, break- the stop screw and arm the fuze . On impact, the
ing it loose at the soldered points and simulta- entire assembly (vanes, nose cap, sleeve, and
neously imparting an initial rotation to the arming spindle) is driven inward, shearing the shear wire,
vane assembly . In seven revolutions, the arming and the firing pin pierces the primer .

SPACER

STOP SCREW

AIR HOLES

ARMING SLEEVE

SAFETY FORK HOLES

SHEAR FIN

LOCATING SCREW

T _b

FUZE BODY

STRIKER SPINDLE

Figure 12i<-A-3 (g) Bomb Fuze .

A-3 (g) Nose Fuze Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
clockwise into the nose . No antiwithdrawal or
Bombs in which used : Baka bomb . locking device used .
Color: Natural steel. Components of explosive train: Incorporated in
Over-all length : 7s'nches. Navy gaine .
Over-all width: 236d inches . Fuzes likely to be found with : B-9 (a), B-10 (a.) .
Material of construction : All steel except for the Delay times : Incorporated in Navy gaine .
brass arming sleeve, striker spindle and locating Threads: 10 threads per inch, RH, I" inches
screw. diameter.
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 JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE RESTRICTED
Security Information

Description : The fuze consists of three main A safety fork fits into the upper portion of the
parts : the body, the striker spindle and the arming fuze body, one prong of which extends through
vane assembly . the eyelets of the arming vane assembly thereby
The striker spindle is positioned in the one holding it stationary .
piece fuze body by a locating screw and steel Operation : When the Baka bomb is released
shear pin 156, inch in diameter, The upper por- from. the plane, an arming wire is withdrawn
tion of the spindle is threaded externally and in- from the holes in the arming vanes . The vanes
ternally and a steel firing pin is screwed into the rotate causing the arming sleeve to rise up on
lower end . the striker spindle and lock against the stop screw .
On impact with a solid object the arming vane
The arming vane assembly consists of vanes, assembly and striker spindle are driven inward
spacer disc, arming sleeve and stop screw. The shearing the steel shear pin and the firing pin
internally threaded arming sleeve screws onto the pierces the primer .
striker spindle . A stop screw threaded into the Remarks : This fuze is similar to the A-3 (d)
upper end of the spindle prohibits the sleeve from with the following exceptions : (a) the nose cap
screwing off the spindle . The arming vanes and is replaced by a spacer disc ; (b) the shear wire
spacer disc are attached to the sleeve by four is replaced by a shear pin ; (c) there is no flange
short screws . There is a /% inch hole in each vane on the fuze body above the threads ; (d) there is
?; inch from its end . no starting wire or eyelet on the fuze body .

A-5 (a) Nose Fuze

Bombs in which used : 1-kg. practice bomb .
Color : Black, may have brass band .
Over-all length : 2 1316 inches (less booster) .
Over-all width: 3 inches (including fuze housing) .
Material of construction : Cast iron .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : - Fixed in
the nose of the bomb.
Components of explosive train: A primer and a
booster are present .
Fuzes likely to be found with: None .
Delay times : None .

Description : The fuze body is inside the nose of safety plunger, the shaft of which fits into a hole
the bomb and cannot be seen ; it is part of the in the striker spindle . The safety screw pin is
nose of the bomb . The striker head is attached to then withdrawn.
the spindle which. has an integral firing pin . In Operation: On release from the plane the spring-
the unarmed position the striker is held away loaded safety plunger is forced out of the striker
from the detonator by a safety screw pin and a spindle and the fuze is armed. On impact the
shear wire . When the bomb is attached to the striker assembly is driven inward shearing the,
bomb rack a small arm depresses a spring-loaded shear wire and the firing pin pierces the primer.

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RESTRICTED
Security Information. NAVY BOMB FUZES

SAFETY' PLUNGER

STR I k;ER

SAFETY SCREN PIN

PR ; L'E X

FUZE BODY

STR 1 F' ER

SAFETY PLU'I GER

SHEAR ,;IRE

PniN s-

EST'i 1 KER HEAD

SAFETY FIN-
EXTERNAL Vi EV GF FUZE

Figure 122-A-5 (a) Bomb Fuze.

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE SecurityInformation

BUSH I NG -

VANE STEM -''

ARMIN((; SPINDLE

AFETY rLtI -

SAFETY COLLAR

L0+'ATINC> PINS

r=X-

SPR1NU

STR!VER

Figure 123-8-2 (a) Bomb Fuze .

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Security Intormatior

Type 99 No . 25 Ordinary Bomb Fuze B-2 (a)

@&o
Bombs in which used : Type. 99 No. 25 ordinary .
Markings :

375
Color: Chromium plated .
Over-all length : 4 ;2 inches (without the arming spindle and the vanes . The lower end of the
spindle, extensicn) . spindle screws through the top of the fuze body
Over-all width: 29is inches . and the safety collar into the striker.
Material of construction : Steel, except locking Operation : On release from the plane, the vanes
ring, safety collar, and spindle . rotate, unscrewing the arming spindle from the
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze striker . On impact, the striker moves against
is screwed into the tail of the bomb and tightened the action of the spring and pierces the primer in
with a spanner wrench. A locking ring is then the gaine to set off the exploder system .
screwed down to secure the fuze . Remarks : This fuze has been recovered only in
Components of explosive train: The standard the bomb listed above.
Japanese gaine is employed . Variations of B-2 (a) have been found with :
Fuzes likely to be found with : Navy nose fuze 1 . Chromium plated body, brass locking ring,
A-3 (a). locating pins on same side ;
Delay times : incorporated in the Navy gaines . 2. Chromium plated body, chromium plated
Threads : 2 ;6, inches in diameter, 4 threads per steel alloy locking ring, locating pins on same side ;
inch. 3. Body and locking ring made of zinc plated
Description : The fuze body houses the safety steel alloy, locating pins on same side ;
collar, the striker, the arming spindle and the 4. Body shoulders straight rather than sloping.
spring . Six spanner holes are found in both the Distance from top of shoulder to locking ring
body and the locking ring . The arming assembly threads is I inch ; two locating screw pins 180°
consists of a long reach rod connecting the arming apart ; brass locking ring ; body of unplated steel .

Type 99 No . 80 Mk 5 Bomb Fuze B-2 (6)

Bombs in which used : Type 99 No . 80 Mk . 5 .
Markings :

+, 1086
Color : Unpainted steel .
Over-all length : 5;is inches .
Over-all width: 3;32 inches (including locking Fuzes likely to be found with : One other B-2 (b) .
ring) . Delay times: 0 .2-second delay incorporated in
Material of construction : Steel except for brass Navy gaine.
arming spindle and brass safety collar . Threads: 2' ;3 2 inches in diameter ; 4 threads per
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Two fuzes inch .
are screwed iii-to the base plate of the bomb and Description : The fuze body houses the striker,
secured by the locking ring. the spring, the safety collax, and the arming
Components of explosive train: Incorporated ill a. spindle . The upper end of the body is internally
large Navy gaine . - threaded, right-hand, to receive the bushing which
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security information

"7 , I
i / E
i

.. . 4X Y

XI TTY .. . X.XX, .

111G t' i k;
i-r
JA. I

ill
r .V

Figure 124-&-2 (b) Bomb Fuze .

secures the safety collar in position . The arming The armilgg assembly is similar to the B-2 (a)
assembly consists of the vanes and a long reach except that the arming vane span of the B--2 (b)
rod which slide-fits over the arming spindle. A is only 3 1 e inches as compared to the 4" ; e inches
locking ring screws down over a shoulder of the span of the vanes used with the B-2 (a),
body to secure the fuze in the bomb, A small model of the B-2 (b) has been recovered
The safety collar and the top of the striker are in a 250-kg . Ordinary bomb, having a thread
internally threaded, left-hand, to receive the diameter of 29'64 inches .
arming spindle. The collar rests on a shoulder
of the fuze body and prevents the striker from Type 1 5 Tail Faze Model 2 and Model 1
moving downward when fuze is unarmed . The B-3 (a) and B-3 (b)
striker and safety collar are prevented from
rotating by the locating screw and locating pin Bornbs in which used :
respectively . B-3 (a) No . 25 Model 2 ordinary .
Operation : On release from the plane, the arm- B-3 (b) No . 50 Model 2 ordinary .
No . 80 Model 1 ordinary .
ing vanes rotate, unscrewing the arming spindle
Markings :
from the striker. On impact the striker moves
against the spring and pierces the primer in the
gaine.
Remarks : The fuze uses an oversize Japanese
2537
Navy gaine in which is incorporated the primer,
slight delay, detonator and booster . Y"383
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3enrity Information NAVY BOMB FUZES

ARMI?'G' VANE ASSEMBLY

BUSH I Q

KEEVE

SAFETY PIN

-A oll
SHEAR VIRE

AR i KER

KRING PIN

SPANNER HOLE'S
1-
--------- T40ADS FOR GAINF

CRQSS SECTION OF a-ha)

Figure 125-B-3 (a) and B-3 (b) Bornt-Fuzes,

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Security Information

B-3 (a) B-3 (b)

Color _-____-- --___-
Operation : On loading in the plane, the safetv
Brass-__ Brass .
Over-all length-_------------ 55s inches- 7y 8 inches . pin and the safety fork are removed . The
vanes
Over-all width ------------- 2?B inches - 3?a inches . are prevented from rotating by an arm on
Material of construction : Brass except for steel sleeve, the
steel pivot for arms, and steel firing pin .
bomb rack . On release, the vanes rotate up and
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Threaded into off leaving the sleeve free to rise . The
striker
tail cone . Tightened with spanner wrench . is held up by only a shear wire . On impact,
Components of explosive train : Employs standard Navy
inertia forces the arms down against the shoulder
gaine.
of the striker, the shear wire is sheared, and
B-3 (a) B-3 (b) the
Fuzes likely to be A-3 (a) in nose- Probably A-1 firing pin pierces the primer . Because both arms
(c)
found with : in nose . pivot about the stationary. pin and extend through
Dela times : Incorporated in the gaine.
the body, pressure upward against the arms
B-3 (a) B-3 (b) would force the short ends of the arms down
Threads ---------- 1 3 ,'/32 inches in di- 3 inches in diam-
a m e t e r, 12
against the striker and thereby shear the shear
eter, 8 thread
threads per per inch. wire . Two-way action is thus achieved .
inch .
Remarks : After impact, a slight movement of
Description : Principal parts are the body, the the arms is liable to force the firing pin into the
bushing which threads into the upper end of the primer . The B-3(b) is similar to the B-3(a)
body, the. sleeve housed within the bushing, the except that all parts are larger and it lacks one
striker which is threaded to take the vanes, and minor safety pin hole at the top of the striker
the arms which pivot on a steel pin extending spindle. The diameter of the threads for the
through the body. When unarmed, the striker fuze pocket is Iarger than that of any other
is prevented from moving down by the safety Japtinese Navy fuze, but the fuze is internally
pin, the safety fork, the shear wire, and the threaded to take the standard Navy gaine . The
arming vanes. The arms are prevented from fuze appears to be designed for use in large bombs-
moving by the sleeve which in turn is held in place probably 500 kg. and over . Increased size of
by the arming vanes . The fuze body is internally the fuze may provide greater certainty of arming
threaded for the standard -Navy gaine . Six and of firing despite the greater disruptive force
spanner holes are drilled in the body. of impact of the larger bomb .

B-5 (b) Tail Fuze

Bombs in which used : 1 kg. hollow-charge bomb .

Color: Aluminum .
Over-all length : 25;8 inches (less booster) .
Over-all width: 13; inches .
Material of construction : Steel .
Position and method of fixing; in 1)omb : Screwed
into base of bomb body.
Components of explosive train : Gaine containing
detonator and booster.
Fuzes likely to be found with: None .
Delay times: Instantaneous .
Description : The fuze body which houses the
striker is externally threaded at the base to screw
into the bomb body and at the top for the body
cap . The cap screws onto the body and is
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security Intornaatio "
NAVY BOMB FUZES

SAFFETY DETENT RECESS

KEY SLOT

AIR PORT

SECTION B-E

REACH ROD

ARMMG SPINDLE

THREADED COLLAR

BODY CAP

A I R PORT

STR I t;ER

LOCATING SCREW

SPRING

FIRING PILE

SKING FETAINER DIAL

DETU?BATOR

FUZE SODY--..-..-..--,

'JAINE-

Figure 726-B-5 (b) Bomb Fuze.

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threaded to receive the arming spindle, which When armed, the striker is held away from the
further screws into the striker, holding it in detonator by a spring .
position . There are three grooves in the striker,
two of which act as air vents, and one as a keyway. Operation : When bomb is released from the
In the unarmed position the striker is held in the container, the pressure of air against drogue
safe position by a safety detent and the arming forces it from bomb and withdraws tire arming
spindle. An arming wire passes through the wire . The safety detent spring then ejects the
vanes preventing rotation and extends down to safety detent from side of fuze . The vanes
lock the safety detent against the pressure of the rotate and unscrew the threaded arming spindle,
safety detent spring . A thin metal disc attached freeing the striker. (This spindle is threaded
to the arming wire and lying just over the vanes with a left-hand thread .) On impact, striker carries
inside the circular tail brace acts as a drogue to forward and drives the firing pin into the detonator .
withdraw the arming wire when the bomb falls. Remarks : Refer to drawing 1 kg, bomb .

B-5 (c) Tail Fuze

Bombs in which used: Navy 1-kg. A/P bomb.
Color : Aluminum .
Over-all length : 2?a inches (less gaine and arming
stem) .
Over-all width : 2% inches .
.Material of construction : Aluminum alloy .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screws Operation : When the bomb falls free from the
into base of bomb body . container, the drogue retaining the vanes is car-
Components of explosive train : Same game as is ried away by the wind, allowing the vanes to
used with the B-5 (b) . rotate . The motion of the vanes is transmitted
Fuzes likely to be found with : None . through the reduction gear system to the spindle
Delay times: Instantaneous . which is threaded out of the striker. To prevent
Description : The fuze is integral with the tail rotation of the striker, a locating pin and keyway
section, and is very similar to the B,-5 (b) except system are incorporated in the fuze body and
for a reduction gear system used to slow down the striker . As the spindle rises, it also lifts the gear
arming process . The fuze is composed of the frame to which is secured a pin retaining the
following parts: (1) Two small arming vanes held safety detent . The safety detent, which fits
in the safe position by a drogue ; (2) an arming through the fuze body into the striker and holds
stem. ; (3) gear frame containing the arming stem it in position, is spring-loaded outward, and re-
gear ; intermediate gear, pinion gear and arming moval of the safety detent pin permits it to fly
spindle gear ; (4) detent retaining pin ; (5) 'spring- out. Wiih the spindle and detent removed, the
loaded safety detent ; (6) arming spindle ; (7) heavy striker is held up only by a weak spring,
heavy inertia striker ; (8) spring ; and (9) fuze body . which it overcomes on, impact, initiating the gaine .

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Security Information

DROGUE

VANES

RING STRUT ,

ARMING STEM

DETENT PIN

GEAR FRAME

ARKIING Sf1NDLE ,

KEYWAY

SAFETY DETENT

SAFETY DETENT

XOGATING PIN

FIRING PIN --

SPRING

BODY -

GAINE

Figure 127-8-5 (c) Bomb Fuze .

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SAFETY FORK HOLES------X

UPPER BODY

LOCATING PIN

S RIY'ER

A i R VENTS

SPRING

LOWER BCGY

FIRING PIN
SPANNER WRENCH HOLES

Figure 128-B-6 (a) Bomb Fuse .

Type 97 Rail Initiator B-6 (a)
Bombs in which used : 31-kg. practice bomb .

I!
Markings :

ZZ
Color: Brass. Description : The upper portion of the body acts
Over-all length : 3 ;g inches . as a guide for the arming spindle. The lower
Over-all width : 1 ;, inches, vane width, 2 s inches . portion of the body contains the light spring . The
Material of construction : Brass except steel firing firing pin is screwed into the end of the striker .
pin and spring . The lower portion of the fuze has a combination
Position and method of fixing in bomb: Screwed spanner ring and detonator cup screwed to it.
into tail fuze pocket and tightened with spanner Around the striker, four air vents are drilled.
wrench. Two vents are also located on the striker collar .
Components of explosive train: -Not known. These vents allow the striker to move against the
Fuzes likely to be found with : None . primer on impact without any cushion effect
Threads: 1%4 inches in diameter, 20 threads per caused by the air in tire striker channel . The
inch. arming vane assembly has eight vanes.
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Security InfuTmati4' NAVY BOMB FUZES

Operation : On release from the aircraft, a U- prevented from rotating by a small locating pin
shaped safety fork is withdrawn from the two which fits in a keyway in the lower portion of the
holes in the arming spindle. The vanes rotate fuze body . On impact, inertia causes the striker
twelve times and fall free, leaving the striker held to move against the spring and to pierce the
back by the light spring . The arming spindle is primer .

STRIKER EXTENSION

STRI KER

DETENT SPRING

ARMING DETENT---

DETENT RETAINING
SCREW

AIR VENT

LOCKING SPRING X c-.-.-_ .-__.., .,

WASHER

SPRING

FIRING PIN

Figure 129-B-9 (a) Bomb Fuze .

B-9 (a) Tail Fuze Description : The fuze body has at its upper end
Bombs in which used : Baka bomb . a dome-shaped cap which has a curved inner sur-
Color : Brass . face . The cap is pierced by a central hole through
Over-all length : 4;2 inches . which a stud on the arming fork fits to engage a
Over-all width : 234 inches . recess in the top of the striker extension. The cap
Material of cornstn.iction : Brass except for an is held in place by a grub screw. Two holes 180°
aluminum striker body and steel firing pin and apart are drilled longitudinally in the fuze body
spring . to accommodate. an arming fork . Two holes are
Position and method of fixing in bonb : The fuze drilled through the body wall along the axis of one
is screwed into the tail fuze pocket and tight- of the longitudinal holes . The upper hole ap-
ened with a spanner wrench. pears to be for inspection purposes. The lower
Components of explosive train: Incorporated in hole contains a spring-loaded arming detent . A
the Navy gaine . screw threads into the body just below this hole
Fuzes likely to be found with : A-3 (g), B-10 (a) . and prevents the decent from flying out of the
Delay times : Incorporated in the Navy game . body after it has been released by the arming fork.
Threads : 12 threads per inch, RH, 1 1 1/,6 inches Two air vents 180° apart pierce the lower portion
in diameter. of the fuze body. A groove in the bottom of the
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fuze body contains a locking spring which serves Operation : When the pilot of the bomb pulls
to secure. the fuze firmly in its pocket . the handle of the tail fuze arming mechanism,
the arming fork is withdrawn far enough to allow
The striker assembly consists of a striker exten- the spring-loaded detent to move orztward, dis-
sion, striker, and a spring . The striker exten- engaging the groove in the striker. The fuze is
sion is an egg-shaped brass knob having a cylindri- now armed . The striker is held away from the
cal lower shaft, at the end of which is machined primer by the spring . On direct impact the
a small ball. The striker has a wide head which weight of the striker extension forces the striker
is recessed in its center to take the ball of the down compressing the spring and hitting the
striker extension . There is a deep annular groove primer .
in the side of the striker into which is fitted a If the impact is not direct, the striker extension
spring-loaded arming detent held in position by the is cammed to the side against the curved dome of
arming fork . A spring holds the striker away from the closing cap. This action forces the striker
the primer after the detent has been released . down. against the spring, thereby firing the primer .

4R!X ; NG FGRK

KEY WAY

LCCATf ING

DETENT SPRING

ARVING DFTENT

GETENT RETAINING
SCREW

Figure 130-B-10 (a) Bomb Fuze.

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RESTRICTED NAVY BOMB FUZES
security Inicimativ

B-1 a (a) Tail Fuze

Bombs in which used : Baka bomb .

Color : Brass.
Over-all length : 4332 inches .
Over-all width: 2% inches .
Material of construction : Brass except for the The body is pierced longitudinally by two holes
steel firing pin threaded into the lower end of 180 degrees apart, one of which terminated in the
the striker. outer end of the detent cavity . A U-shaped arm-
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze ing fork fits in these holes and holds the spring-
is screwed into the tail fuze pocket and tightened loaded arming detent inward so that it engages a
with a spanner wrench. hole in the striker body .
Components of explosive. train : Incorporated in The heavy brass striker has a wide head which
the Navy game . is cut by four vents. There is also a longitudinal
Fuzes likely to be found with : A-3(g), B--9(a) . keyway which runs the entire length of the striker
Delay times: Incorporated in the Navy gaine. and accommodates the locating pin. At a 180 0
Threads : 12 threads per inch, RH, 1 1 5;6 inches in interval there is a hole for the arming detent . The
diameter. striker rests on a spring which is in the central
Description : The body is of one piece brass channel of the fuze body . The bottom shoulder
construction . It is threaded at the top to re- of the striker channel is pierced by four vents. A
ceive s brass closing plate. This plate is pierced groove cut in the bottom of the fuze body contains
by two spanner holes and a central hole . A grub a steel locking spring which serves to bold the fuze
screw holds the closing plate in place . firmly in the fuze pocket .
There are six spanner holes in the outer circum- Operation : After the. bomb has been released
ference of the fuze body, slightly below the central from the plane the fuze is armed by the pilot of
portion . In the same plane as the spanner holes the bomb. He, operates a tail fuze arming mech-
is a locating pin, staked in place, which extends anism which withdraws the arming fork far enough
through the body and engages a heyway in the to allow the spring-loaded arming detent to move
striker body. There is an arming detent 180° outward, disengaging the. hole in the. striker . The
removed and limited in its outward movement by fuze is now armed. The striker is held away from
the head of a. screw- threaded into the fuze body the primer by the spring . On impact the striker
directly below the detent cavity . compresses -the. spring and hits the primer .

Type 99 Special Bomb Tail Fuze C-1 (a)

Bombs in which used :
Type 97 No. 6 land .
Type 98 No. 25 land Model 1 .
Color: Steel.
Over-all length : 63''32 inches .
Over-all width : 2'5''32 inches .
Material of construction : Steel throughout except Fuzes likely to be found with: None . A plug is
copper chemical tank . placed in the nose fuze pocket .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze Delay times: Varies from 2 to 125 hours .
is screwed into the tail of the bomb . A steel Threads: 1 4X 4 inches in diameter, 12 threads per
locking ball prevents removal . inch.
Components of explosive train : Standard Navy Description :-The. fuze body is constructed in
gaine. two parts-the lower body housing the firing
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security lnfuma?ion

ARMXC 'LIRE FCLE

ARYI 1cJG WiE ASSEMBLY

SHEAF CRE

SPRING LC'ADED LET-".'T

E L'J N c RS ( :k
A"FTCME TANK

SPRING

5TR ¬ YEi

STEEL DETE^iT
LDXER FfUZF KY(
SCL'JELE PLUG

Ah,T I -W I THCFRWA L
;"-THREADS FCR GA I "iX
DEVICE

figure 131--C-1 (a) Bomb Fuze.

components, and the upper body forming a cap fall free, leaving the inertia block to be held back
extending well above the lower body and housing by the shear wire which is sheared on impact . The
the arming components. In the upper body is a inertia block, moving down after impact, is, locked
large inertia block having an arming spindle in the down position by the spring-loaded detent .
extending out of the fuze body . The vanes are At the moment that the inertia block moved down
screwed on this spindle and hold the block in and the plungers pierced the acetone tank, the
position . A shear wire prevents rotation of the spring was compressed ; the striker was then under
inertia block. On the lower surface of the block pressure . The acetone from the tank contacts the
are four plungers located around a central exten- soluble plug. When the plug dissolves, the striker
sion which rests against a spring . This spring, moves forward under spring pressure and pierces
when compressed by the downward movement of the gaine. A steel ball locks the fuze in the pocket
the inertia block, puts pressure on the striker to prevent withdrawal .
located in the lower body. Bearing against a Remarks : Anti-withdrawal . A steel ball in the
concave portion on the side of the striker is a steel threads of the fuze locks the fuze when an attempt
detent held in place by a soluble plug. Also is made to withdraw it.
located in tae lower body, and directly under the Column 1 below lists delays for three models of
inertia block plungers is a copper tank containing this fuze as stated in captured documents. Col-
acetone. A channel leads from the tank to the umn 2 lists delays obtained from actual tests.
soluble plug. No . i (hourg) No . 2 (hours)
Model z------------- 2-12 ---------
Operation : On release from the plane, the arm- Model 2_.__-____ ___ 12-72 173,
ing wire is withdrawn and the vanes unscrew and Model 3------------- 72-120 24'2

180 RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED NAVY BOMB FUZES
security hformatrn

Type 99 Special Bomb Nose Fuze C--2 (a) Components of explosive train : A standard Japa-
nese Navy game is screwed into the base of the
Bombs in which used : fuze .
Type 3 No, 6 land . Fuzes likely to be found with : C-1 (a) Navy chem-
Type 97 No. 6 land . ical long delay tail fuze .
Type 98 No. 25 land Model I . Delay times : Up to 125 hours.
Color: Cadmium plated . Threads: fi ;sq inches in diameter, 12 threads per
Over-all length : 5% inches . inch .
Over-all width : 2Xi6 inches . Description : The fuze consists of a steel body in
Material of construction : Steel except brass cock- which are housed the arming assembly and the
ing piece . delay assembly . The arming assembly, which is
Position and method of fixing in bomb : The fuze housed in the upper end of the body, consists of
is screwed into the nose of the bomb . A steel the arming varies which are attached to the arm-
locking ball prevents removal. ing vane boss by three small screws . The arming

SAFETY Flt'

ARyihG SPIN LE

.
E tj l A }'

CUP=R SHEAR Oi[RE

LC,^LAT I r,IG SCREW

ARif i lqS P i ECt

S PF,IXjC

CCCX' ;tIG PIECE

"CPPER SXXEAR A° i RE

SPRING LOADED DETEPT

STEEL PLUG

STEEL FALL

ANTI--WITHDRAWAL DEVICE

CCP'ER DISC

R(Nu

LEAD FOIL DISC

LW,X;u XLt ;.L

COPPER 'CNTANER

SIRING PIN

Figure 132-C-2 (a) Bomb Fuze .

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Informatiun

vane boss is internally threaded at the lower end Operation : When the bomb is released, the
to receive a short, hollow arming spindle and an safety pin is withdrawn allowing the arming vanes
arming piece which is held in the base of the spindle and boss to rotate . This action screws the arm-
by a copper shear wire . A small locating screw ing spindle and the arming piece into the arming
inserted in the spindle engages in the keyway of vane boss clear of the cocking piece . On impact,
the fuze body and prevents the spindle from rotat- the cocking piece shears the shear wire and moves
ing but permits upward or downward movement . forward, compressing the striker spring . It is
The boss is retained in the fuze body by two pins locked in the forward position by the detent,
which permit it to rotate . A safety pin engages thus holding the striker unit under spring com-
in the fuze body and the boss . The delay assem- pression . Simultaneously,, the solid ball in the
acetone container breaks the lead foil disc, allow-
bly, which is housed toward the lower end of the
ing the solvent to escape into the space above and
body, is actuated by a spring after the delay dissolve the. celluloid ring . After a periot of
period has expired . Screwed into the top of the time, in which the soluble ring has become soft-
striker assembly is a steel plug with a cutaway ened, the steel ball, due to the pressure of the
striker assembly stem on which a brass cocking striker spring, is forced away from the shoulder
piece rides. In one side of this cocking piece is a of the fuze body. The striker assembly, under
small brass spring-loaded detent ; on the opposite compression of the spring is forced downward and
side is an assembly screw. The cocking piece and the firing pin hits the detonator.
striker assembly stem are held in position by a Remarks : If dropped from a sufficient altitude,
.copper shear wire . Under the steel plug is a the fuze may be armed despite the presence of the
soluble celluloid ring outside of which is a copper safety pin . If the vanes fail to rotate, the inertia
disc and a steel ball set into a drilled hole . This of the cocking piece may be great enough to,shear
ball prevents the downward movement of the the shear wire and to drive the arming piece into
striker assembly as the ball rests on a shoulder of the provided recess in the spindle and thus permit
the fuze body . A lead foil disc is fitted over a the fuze to arm.
copper container which is filled with acetone . A Antiwithdrawal : A steel ball in a groove in the
solid lead ball with a small copper stud on its side threads of the fuze locks the fuze when an attempt
is placed in the container. is made to withdraw it .

D-2 (a), D-2 (b), and D-2 (e) Aerial Burst Tail Fuzes
Bombs in which used : No . 3 XIk 3 or No. 25 Mk 3.
Markings

A a & 104
D-2 (a)-

BQA014X 11 H _
D-2 (a) D-2 (h) D-2 (c)
Color--- ----- --__-- - Brass--------------- Cadmium plated . --
Cadmium plated .
Overall length ----------- 53; inches------------ 534 inches ------------
5?i inches .
Over-all wiwidth ----------- 2;/6 inches---
----------- 2;2 inches ------------ 2Y inches .
Material of const ruction : Brass except for a few internal parts of steel .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed into adapter ring at apex
of tail .
Components of explosive train : A primer is fitted in the fuze . The flash
from it sets off a standard Jap-
anese gaine .
Fuzes likely to be found with : Probably A-3 (a) nose fuze .
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COVER ARMING SLEEVE

ARMING VANE
LOOKING NUT

ARMING SPINDLE VANE NUT

UPPER $CDY

RETAINING DIN ;,

SAFETY PIN

SAFETY SPRING

WIND'iNG HOLE PLUG

PRESSURE CAP

GUIDE KEY

SETTING STUD

TIMING ROTOR
'tJ
SLOTTED

3 TRIGGER

F0 L

5O STARTER

a cLAVh

SHIPPING
LOWER SODY

SAFETY FIN SPF' NG ?'DADEC

ESCAPE AHEEL PF, I [,IER

9 SAFETY SLOC'K FLASH CHANNEL

ADAPTER

Figure 133-D-2 (a), D-2 (b), and D-2 (c) Bomb Fuzes.
D-2 (a) D-'-2 (b) D-2 (c)

Delay times ------------- 0-50 seconds--------- 5-20 seconds_________ 0-20 seconds .

Threads----------------- I16,, inches diameter, 1 1 5 ; 5 inches diameter, 1 1 5ie inches diameter,
12 threads per inch . 12 threads per inch . 12 threads per inch .

Description : These fuzes are all similar in and with the fuze in a. German artillery projectile
design, construction and operation. The clock- for the 88-mm gun . All of the fuzes require a
works in all three fuzes is almost exactly identical rotation of 1,000 revolutions per minute before
with the clod: in a Japanese artillery projectile they can function . The parts of the. fuze can be

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secvitr intimation

broken down into five principal categories

accord- bomb has been dropped, the disk will have
ing to their function : the body, rotated
the arming so that the slot will be opposite the trigger
mechanism, the timing mechanism, arm.
the firing Shipping safety pin is pulled when
mechanism, and the safety features. bomb is
The body consists of an upper part loaded in plane. On release, safety pin is
and a lower pulled,
part held together by a retaining ring vanes and vane nut rotate up. Initial
which fits impact
over the upper body and threads of the vane nut against the locking nut,
into the lower, plus the
body . The upper body has a lip on continued rotation of the vanes and vane
its lower edge nut,
lifts the pressure cap, overcoming
Which is held under the retaining ring, the resistance
permitting of the safety spring and freeing the
rotation of the upper body for setting setting stud
the time . from the timing rotor. As the pressure cap
An adapter fits into the lower is
body, secured by lifted, the spring-loaded starter plunger rises
two screws . until
The arming mechanism consists of the spring-loaded pawl slips into the
six vanes groove in the
press fitted into tire vane nut and plunger. This action of the pawl rotates
an arming sleeve the rod_
externally threaded to take the vane to which it and the claw are keyed, freeing
nut. The claw from the escape wheel and the
arming sleeve houses the arming spindle starting the
which is clockwork . The clockwork turns the
secured at the base to the pressure cap. slotted disk
The top so that the slot is rotated toward the trigger arm
end of the arming spindle is externally .
threaded The pawl locks the starter plunger up so
(left-handed) to take the locking nut . A that the
cover is notch in the plunger is opposite the
secured to the vane nut with three end of the
grub screws . the trigger arm . The starter plunger
The timing mechanism consists of no longer
a spring- obstructs the end of the trigger arm, since
driven clockwork which turns a timing it can
rotor and now pass through the notch when
slotted disc at a predetermined rate. the trigger is
The pres- forced into the slot of the disk .
sure cap is keyed to the. upper body
and has a Angled fins on the bomb cause rotation which,
setting stud which engages the notch in
the timing when 1,000 revolutions per minute is attained,
rotor. The parts of the tinning is
mechanism which sufficient to swing the safety block out from under
start the clockwork are the spring-loaded
starter the spring-loaded striker by
plunger, the spring-loaded pawl, the centrifugal force .
claw, and The spring-loaded striker is now held by the edge
the escape wheel .
of the trigger arm only . After the
The firing mechanism consists of the set time has
loaded striker which has a beveled spring- elapsed the slot in the disk comes opposite
shoulder that the
bears against a beveled edge on the trigger trigger which is forced into the slot by the
pressure
arm . of the beveled shoulder of the striker on the
The five safety features are : safety bev-
pin, safety eled edge of the trigger arm . The spring-loaded
spring, safety block which overcomes
the pressure striker impinges on the primer, sending a
of its spring (not shown in the flash
drawing) and through the flash channel which sets of
swings out from under the striker by the
centrifugal gaine .
force, shipping safety pin which locks
the starter Remarks : The time of delay is set before leav-
plunger, prevents the safety
block from swinging ing the ground, and the bomb must be dropped
out during shipping, and locks the
trigger arm by from a specific. height above the target .
the starter plunger until it rises during The
flight and bomb usually explodes about 100 to 175
presents a notch through which the end feet
of the above ground .
trigger arm can pass .
Operation : The fuze is set by rotating The fuzes D-2 (b) and D-2 (c) were not recovered
the upper from UXB's but were found in ammunition dumps .
body, which is calibrated up to
50 seconds, and The D--2 (c) is the earliest model of the clock-
matching the desired setting with a
line on the work fuzes as indicated by the early date of
retaining ring. The setting stud in the
pressure manufacture and the lack of an external means
cap-which is keyed to the upper
body-is thus of winding the clock.
rotated, turning the timing rotor-in
which it is There may be a type 3 INlk 3 tail fuze (without
engaged-and the slotted disk so that the
the disc is positioned with respect slot of centrifugal safety block) as the fuzing for a Xlk 3
to the trigger bomb . This fuze is used with a standard time
arm . At the expiration of the
set time, after the setting of 3 seconds.
184
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Figure 134-D-2 (a), D--2 (b), and D-2 (c) Bomb Fuzes.
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LCCk !fl
.'-

?A LL. RACE

SFRItiX LuACE,, PIFt

LCC .Sf". 6 HIRE HOLE

kPWm-
l SPINDLE

. . :. ;AjrJio SLHY ;

LC4F %',jT

PR I e :v

STe.",L ;"ail

STX'Sr, R

FIX'iNhG FI1!

'R f MFn^

Figure 135-D-3 (a) Bomb Fuze.

D-3 (a) Aerial-Burst Nose Fuze
used for holding the safety wire
firmly in its holes .
Bombs in which used ., Type 0 A ball race is also present
Model I, 2, and 3 to provide smooth
parachute flares . operating surface for the vanes (not
shown) . The
Color: Natural brass . lower body portion contains the
arming sleeve into
Over-all length : 4Y2 inches . which three steel balls are fitted
and which lock
Over-all width : 1N inches . the striker when in the unarmed
position (as
Material of construction : Brass shown) . A primer flash cap and a
except for steel powder delay
striker and steel locking balls . comprise the explosive train .
Position and method of fixing in Operation : The lock nut is tightened
bomb : The fuze over the
is located in the nose of the vanes which rest on the ball race . On release
flare case and is the aircraft the safety wire is withdrawn from
secured by lock nut. from its
Components of explosive train : Primer holes; allowing the vanes to rotate,
flash cap thus screwing
and delay train incorporated the arming spindle downward . The
in delay container . arming spindle
Fuzes likely to be found with : is prevented from rotating by
None . the locating keys .
Delay times : -May be varied by The stop stud prevented the
changing type of arming vane sleeve
delay container . from being tightened down too far
during fuze
Threads : IS, inches in diameter. assembly . As the arming spindle
15 threads per moves down-
inch. ward, the striker and its spring
move also until
Description : The upper body the striker forces the balls to move
portion houses the into the groove
arming vane assembly and the cut into the lower body (the striker is
spring-loaded pin under spring
pressure) . As the balls move outward,
the striker
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moves downward, under spring action, and pierces This fuze has been found with three variations
the primer to initiate the explosive train. of arming vanes''.
1 . Six large flat vanes with slight pitch.
Remarks : The lock nut is used for fastening . "French type" vanes .
the fuze securely in the body of the bomb. 3 . Anemometer type vanes with six cups.

.._--SAH- K?E4 PIN

SI'A!I!JEP FIGLF:i

ARVING SFIIlDLF-

RETAI!IiNi; ALL

STRfUR

Figure 136--D--4 (a) Bomb Fuze .

Fuze For Type 0 Parachute Flare, Model I Over-all length : 4Y inches (may vary due to type
D_4 (a) of delay container used) .
Over-all width : 1'%2 inches ; vane span 4;,6 inches .
Bombs in which used : Material of construct;ion : Brass except for steel
Type 2 No. 6 _k:tk 21 :Model 1 and 2 bomb striker, steel retaining ball, and steel spring or
containers . fuze may be steel throughout .
Position and method of fixing in bomb : Screwed
Type 0 Model 1, 2, and 3 parachute flares . clockwise into nose and secured by loch nut.
Color : Natural brass or fuze with steel body may No anti-withdrawal devices used .
be yellow- due to coat of lacquer ; vanes natural Components of explosive train : Primer flash cap
steel color. and delay train incorporated in delay container.
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Fuzes likely to be found with : Xone. Operation : On release from the aircraft, the
Delay times : May be varied by changing type of arming vanes rotate and fall clear. The arming
delay container . spindle is withdrawn from the striker, allowing the
Threads : 133 inches in diameter ; 15 threads per locking ball to fall inward . The striker now moves
inch. forward under spring action and pierces the flash
cap, setting off the powder train which eventually
Description : The fuze consists of three parts : sets off bursting charge .
The upper body contains the arming spindle ; the Remarks : Fuze may be constructed of either
lower body contains the steel striker ; and the brass or steel.
powder relay container which screws into the lower This fuze is an aerial burst fuze for the Type
body portion. The spring loaded striker is held in 2 No. 6 Mk 21 container and for Type 0 Parachute
position by a steel ball which rests on the shoulder Flare Model 1 . When used in the Mk 21 con-
in the lower body portion and is prevented from tainer the D-4 (a) is designated Type 3 Initiating
moving inward by the arming spindle . A primer Mechanism and has a longer base to house a
flash cap is located in the lower body portion . different delay train .

Type 3 Electric Firing Device

Description : The Type 3 Electric Firing Device
is the product of Japanese i\avy experimentation
on proximity fuzing of bombs . It is operated on
electronic principles, and utilizes a photoelectric
cell and a self-projected beam of light to accom-
plish proximity detonation .
Dimensions Operation : The distance above the ground at
Length---------------- 16 inches . which the bomb is to explode (between 6 and 15
Diameter -------------- 11 ;8 inches . meters) is set by an indicator near the base of
The fuze is enclosed in a black cylindrical sheet the fuze . Electrical connections to the plane's
steel case which is domed slightly at the forward power source -and the electric gaine are made .
end. Three transparent glass windows are pro- The arming wire is attached to the bomb rack.
vided in the domed surface to provide for opera- The fuze is warmed up from the plane's power
tion of the projected beam of light, for its recep- source several minutes before the bomb is to be
tion by the photoelectric cell, and for checking dropped. Upon release from the plane, tension
the clockwork safety mechanism. A set of on the arming wire throws switches which change
anemometer type arming vanes is mounted on the power source from the plane to the battery in
the side of the fuze near its after end . Two three-
the fuze and start the arming motor in the fuze .
pronged electrical cables are fitted near the base
of the fuze, one to connect with the Type 3 The rotation of the motor closes the main safety
electric game in the bomb, and the other to con- switch so that power is supplied to the amplifying
nect to an electrical power source in the airplane system . The arming vanes rotate off, and allow
for purposes of warming up the electronic equip- another arming switch to close . The fuze is now
ment before dropping. An arming wire is con- completely armed, and is projecting a beam of light
nected to the fuze for the purpose of throwing a pulsating at a rate of 900 to 1,000 cycles per
gang of arming switches and for freeing the arm second . As the bomb nears the target, this beam
ing vanes upon dropping of the bomb . An access of light is reflected back toward the photoelectric
door, three inches square is cut into the side of cell in the fuze . When the reflected light of the
the casing, and the base of the fuze is recessed proper frequency reaches sufficient intensity, the
and provided with bolt fittings for fixing the fuze photoelectric cell current, through the amplifying
in the bomb . unit, fires the bomb .
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i
"- f

Figure 737-Type 3 Electric Firing Device .

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Chapter 2-Section 3
GAINES AND MAGAZINES
XLACV PQWi?ER WIXTURE DETLNAT0R

";OPPEtt ill
.,

ccr"FER CL)P CL'JEP-

- 5
XXX---------XXX FEI f 'NASf+U -

IFi f01C STP!-'

PER CUP --

Fllwl^oTE ^F IXr," :::JR-:

FELT NASHE.A
a
iTXt'(a

MAS-, CON AR

TYPE , YPE II

COFPEN FLL;G

COPPER C'JP GJ'VFk

P,_.ACK P,'-jA5ER u ¬ XTtIRf

TiN STRIP

;P PPEP CUP

FLLMINATF ;'F nXEPCI)RY

. FELT NA 1HEP

--4-- TETRYI,

ERASS dIHER--X-- _

TYPE III

Figure 138-Army Gaines .

Introduction to Army Gaines

Japanese Army fuzes utilize a characteristic
type of gaine which differs greatly from that used
in Navy fuzes . All Army fuzes use one of the
three types of gaines shown below or variations
of a slightly different shape but of similar con-
struction . These variations are shown in. detail
in the particular fuze in which they are used .
Types I and Il are used in nose fuzes only, 1111 Army games are of brass contraction . They
while type III is used in only the tail fuzes . Type are screwed into the fuze and are staked in posi-
III is approximately twice as long as types I and tion . .
II. Types I and III are ignited by the flash from Boosters are either, contained in a brass cup
the primer in the fuze . Type II is used in fuzes threaded onto the fuze around the gaine, or in a
which have no internal primer and the game is paper cylinder housed in the main explosive charge
pierced directly by the firing pin . of the bomb .

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GAINES AND MAGAZINES

Introduction to Navy Gaines

The Japanese Navy fuzes utilize a characteris-
tic gaine which incorporates within itself the entire
explosive train. The gaines are similar in exter-
nal appearance but vary in size and internal con-
struction . All gaines have two wrench flats just
below the threads but they are generally screwed
(right hand threads) into the fuze only hand tight.
Japanese Navy gaines are generally made of The delay incorporated within the gaine is indi-
brass, cadmium plated and lacquered . More re- cated by a colored tip . No standard set of figures
cently, specimens made of steel have been recov- has been arrived at regarding the times of delay.
ered. The component internal parts of the gaines TIIe information taken from Japanese documents
are : (1) Primer plugs, screwed in and staked, (2) does not agree with the results of laboratory tests .
Delay plugs, slip fit, (3) Detonator plugs, screwed The figures listed on the following pages are taken
in or slip fit, and (4) Booster, precast, slip fit. from Japanese documents.

TYPICAL JAPANESE HARXINGS

bSUALLY GIVING :

PLACE OF MANUFACTURE

TYPE NUMBER

LOT NUMBER

DATE of MANUFACTURE

NAVY SUMBOL tANCHCR SIGN1

TIP PAINTED %X rNUICATE

LENGTHOF BELAY

TYPICAL ELEVATION

Figure 139-Introduction to Navy Goenes .

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PR I MER

DELAY

DETONATOR

PICRIC BOOSTER

PRIMER
SOMETIMES Its TWO FARTS

HOLE

DELAY TRAIN

DETONATOR

Figure 144-Type 97 Land Bomb Gaine "A" and Type 99 Ordinary Bomb Gaine "A".

Type 97 Land Bomb Gaine "A" and Type 99 Ordinary Bomb Gaine "A"
JapanesQ designation ----------- Type 97 land bomb gaine"A" _ _ Type _ 99 ordinary bomb game

Delay ------------------------ 0 .00 second ------------------ 0.03 second .

Color______ ---- .------------- Green tipped_________________ Blue tipped .
Dimensiorns : Over-all length 4',2 inches ; diameter, lie inches .
Explosive train : Primer composition in upper plug. Black powder delay over flash powder relay in
middle pliig . Lead a7ide detonator over tetryl in lower plug. Picric acid booster .
Remarks : In the 1.3-pe. 97 land bomb gaine the primer plug is of one piece construction . In the type
99 ordinnary bomb gains it is of two piece construction . The type 97 land bomb gaine "A" \1odlEca.tion
1 leas a 0 .115-second delay .

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Type 97 Land Bomb Gaine "B" and Type 99 Ordinary Bomb Gaine "C"
Japanese designation ----------- Type 99 ordinary bomb game Type 97 land bomb gaine "B ."
<<C . 
Delay-_ .
_ .__________ 0.2 second ------------------- 0.1 second .
Color ------------------------- Brown tipped ---------------- Red tipped .
Dimensions : Over-all length 4,1 inches ; diameter 1 1 ! inches .
Explosive train : Primer composition in tipper plug. Black powder delay over flask powder relay in
middle plug. Lead azide detonator over totryl in lower plug . Picric acid booster .
Remarks : In the type 97 land bomb ga.ine the primer plug is of one piece construction . In the
type 99 ordinary bomb ga.ine it is of two-piece construction .

PR I AVER

DE LAY

DETONATOR

PICRfC 600

PR IKIER
SOMETIMES I N TWO PARTS

DELAY TRt, I N

DETONATOR

Figvre 147-Type 97 Land Bomb Gaine "B" and Type 94 Ordinary Bomb Goine "C".

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PR ! X1ER s E I- LECTOR

PiCFIC BC0STEn

Figure 1!42--Type 15 Ordinary Bomb Gaine.

Type 15 Ordinary Bomb Gaine

Japanese designation : Type 15 ordinary bomb
gaine. ,
Delay : Selective delay from fractional to 1 .5-sec-
onds.
Color: Tip not colored .
Dimensions : Length, 4', .inches -, Depth, la's inches . channel above flask powder relay . Lead azide
Explosive train : Primer composition in upper detonator over tetryl in lower plug. Picric
cap . Pressed black powder in semicircular acid booster .

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Type 92 Land Bomb Gaine Modification 2

Japanese designation : Type 92 land bomb gaine
Modification 2.
Delay : Instantaneous .
Color : Tip not colored .
Dimensions : Length 4 inches ; Depth, 1 % inches.
Explosive train : Mercury fulminate over tetryl in
an inverted copper cup in upper plug. No delay
plug present . Tetryl pellet in lower plug.
Picric acid booster .

PRIMER

i=[CRaC BuISTER

Figure 143-Type 92 Land Bomb Gaine Modification 2.

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Figure 144-Type 96 Land Bomb Gaine.

Type 96 Land Bomb Gaine

Japanese designation : Type 96 land bomb gaine .
Delay : Instantaneous .
Color : Tip not colored .
Dimensions : Lengtli, 4'/ inches ; Depth, 13a inches.
Explosive train : Primer composition over flask
powder in upper plug . No delay plug present.
Lead azide detonator over tetryl in lower plug.
Picric acid booster .

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Type 4 Gaine for Skipping Bomb

Japanese designation : Type 4 gaine for skipping
bomb .
Delay-: 10 to 11 seconds.
Color : Tip not colored.
Dimensions : Length 4N inches ; Depth 1% inches .
Explosive train : Primer composition in upper
plug . Circular black powder delay train and
relay in middle plug . Primer composition over
lead azide detonator over tetryl pellet in lower
plug. Picric acid booster .

PRIMER

DELAY

RELAY

DETONATOR

SUB KOSTER

BOOSTER

Figure 145-Type 4 Gaine for Skipping Bomb.

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CELAY

FELT SFACER

FIBER WASHER

RELAY

DET¬
CNATOR

SUB BOOSTER

BCCSTER

SECTION A--A

fj 1

X
X
11.
Iv
:S .

. lj

SECTION B-G

Figure 196-Type 7 Mk 2 Gaine "A".

Type 1 Mk 2 Gaine "A"
Japanese designation : Type I Mk 2 bomb gaine
>>
Delay: 3 .5±1 .0 seconds .
Color : Tip not colored .
Dimensions : Length 411, inch : depth ]IN' inches .
Explosive train : Primer composition in upper
plug . Black powder delay train pressed into'
upper and lower rings and relay middle plug.
Primer composition over lead azide detonator
over tetryl pellet in lower plug . Picric acid
booster .
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Type 3 Electric Gaine
Japanese Designation : Type 3 electric gaine .
PRIMER
Delay : Instantaneous .
DELAY
Color : Tip not colored .
RELAY
Dimensions : Length, 5% inches ; depth, 1 1% inches .
Explosive train : Electric blasting cap . Picric
DETerrATnR
acid booster .
TETRYi

Remarks : The electric blasting cap fits into a

specially hollowed-out cavity in the picric booster .
Leads from the cap run up to a female plug which
is attached by a special adapter to the standard
PICRIC ACID
gaine body.

,_.."TIC,
TFL,X' 1v ._.

Figure 147-Type D Mk 5 Bomb Gaine

Type 0 Mk 5 Bomb Gaine

Japanese designation : Type 0 Mk 5 bomb gaine.
Delay : 0 .2 second .
Color : Tip not colored .
Dimensions : Length 6'X inches ; depth 1% inches .
Explosive train : Primer composition in upper
plug. Black powder delay over flash powder
relay in middle of plug. Lead azide detonator
over tetryl pellet in lower plug. Picric acid
sub-booster in cup. Picric acid booster .

Figvre 148-Type 3 Electric Gaine.

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picric . .;I0 KCS-'Eii

Figure 149-Type 2 Small Model Bomb Gaine Figure 150-Practice Bomb Gaine.
Model 1

Type 2 Small Model Bomb Gaine Model 1 Practice Bomb Gaine

Japanese designation : Type 2 small model. Bomb Japanese designation. : Practice bomb gaine.
(mine Model 1 . Delay : Instantaneous.
Delay : Instantaneous. Color : Tip not colored.
Color : Tip not colored . Dimensions : Over-all length, 3_ 36 inches ; depth,
Dimensions : Length, 3 inches ; depth, inch . inch .
Explosive train: Mercury fulminate cap over Explosive train : Mercury fulminate in upper plug .
tetryl in upper plug . Picric acid booster. Tetryl booster .

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Navy Magazines There are two types of magazines. The type

98 Mk 6 bomb magazine Model 2 is instantaneous.
Japanese Navy magazines can be fitted to any The type 98 Mk 6 bomb magazine Model 1 incor-
fuze that takes a standard Navy ga,ine . Maga- porates a 0.03-second delay. The "a" and "b"
zines are used to initiate low explosives such as plugs are similar to those used in standard gaines .
black powder and are never used in a higb explo- The "d" plugs contain a large amount of gun-
sive filled bomb . powder .

TYPE 96 MK . 6 MODEL 2 TYPE 996 MK, 6 MODEL I

Figure 151-Navy Magazines.

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BRASS CAP

BRASS OCME

SPRING

WAIN FILLING STRIKER

PERCUSSION CAP OETCNATOR BOOSTER

Figure ]52-Type 93 Anti. Tank and Anti-Rersonnel Land Mine.

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Chapter 3

LAND MINES, GRENADES, FIRING DEVICES,

AND SABOTAGE DEVICES

Introduction sea mines, depth charges, and even torpedo war

heads were used extensively with all types of
Although the use of land mines by the Japanese detonating equipment . The use of these large
forces was not as extensive as it was in Europe, charges, although it was wasteful, was the result
land mines were important defensive weapons in of inability to use heavy explosive ordnance for
the Pacific war . Also, because of the Japanese its intended purpose, and rendered the potential
lack of effective anti-tank artillery and the danger area of land mines very great.
inequality of armored forces which was every- The third was the emphasis which was placed
where existent, mining and similar tactics became on various types of controlled mines. This
a mainstay of defense against mechanized equip- tendency was in keeping with the use of impro-
ment. This was more apparent as Allied forces vised mines, controlled mines being much easier
approached the Japanese homeland, and the to improvise than enemy activated mines. Con-
defense. forces were better equipped than those in trols ranged all the way from elaborate electrical
the outlying islands had been . systems to crude, Band-operated, suicide devices .
Three features of the Japanese land mining Firing devices operated by simple lanyards or
methods were especially important . The first poles were very common.
was the relatively small number of standard, mass- Japanese mining techniques were characterized
produced mines and firing devices . This lack of by an almost complete lack of uniformity . Land
variety in standard mines led to a large amount mining policies seemed to have been formulated
of field improvisation of land mines and other by local authorities and indicated that little or
defense devices, using ordnance and other types no information was available, and that training
of explosives originally designed and manufac- was inadequate. - Thus, the Japanese land-
tured for other purposes. mining program was far from being as effective
The second outstanding feature of Japanese as it should have been tactically and did not
land mining was the prevalent use of extremely often cause serious difficulty to advancing Allied
large charges for all types of land mines . Bombs, forces.

Section 1

LAND MINES
Type 93 Antitank and Antipersonnel Land inch diameter to house fuze. Explosive
Mine completely covered by layer of paper, shel-
lacked to the explosive and waxed externally .
Diameter : 634 inches. Color and markings : Olive-drab with narrow red
Over-all height : 134 inches . ring around brass plug. Mine may have
Weight : 3 pounds . numerals (such as 16.9) in white on top indi-
Weight of explosive : 2 pounds . cating date. j.L, meaning safe inscribed
Type of explosive : Solid ring main charge of cast
picric acid with inner ring booster of pressed
powdered picric acid containing a central hole on top of safety cap and on lug of safety washer .

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Description : The mine is circular with a slightly body which is threaded oil the lower end to screw
donned top and flat bottom. It is constructed of into the collar in the bottom of the mine. AL
an upper and lower section of shoot metal secured safety cap is screwed into the upper end of the
together by four heavy corrugations in the walls striker until the mine is laid . An additional
which serve as threads . The overlap of the safety feature, is a brass cylinder with attached
walls of the two sections is sealed with a bitumi washer which fits over the brass safety cap and
nous paint. The interior of the container is painted rests on top of the fuze body, the washer fitting
with a black enamel . Soldered on the inside of under the leather washer of the brass plug.
the bottom of the lower section is a brass disc Employment : Antipersonnel and antitank.
1%o inches in diameter, having a threaded collar The Japanese have two sizes of shear wire for
for the insertion of the fuze. this mine. One for antipersonnel use shears at
The central hole in the upper section is rein- 70 pounds, the other, for antitank use. shears at
forced with a brass collar threaded to receive the 250 pounds . These mines have been found
brass plug. 1 thin leather washer flits between buried upside down with additional explosives
the brass plug and the collar to seal the mine. placed beneath them to increase their effect .
Two brass rings are fastened to two opposite The AIP fuze has a black upper body .
sides of the upper section by means of a soldered Operation : With the safety devices removed,
metal strip . Drag ropes may be fastened to any load on the cover of the mine, causes the
the rings. brass plug to press down on the striker. If the
The fuze assembly consists of a striker held pressure is sufficient, the shear pin is sheared .
under spring pressure by a shear wire, a percus- This frees the striker which, under pressure of
sion cap, a primary detonator, and a larger the spring, strikes the percussion cap initiating
secondary detonator all incorporated in the fuze the detonating system .

Anti-Vehicular "Yardstick" Land Mine

Over-all length : 36 inches.
Diameter : 3.35 inches by 1.8 inches (o'val),
Total weight : 10;1 pounds .
Weight of filling : 6 pounds.
Weight of each explosive block : 3a pound .
Type of explosive : Eight identical blocks of picric
acids cast in paper container, coated with
paraffin . Each block molded on one end to
take fuze so that two blocks placed with molded
ends together completely enclose fuze.
Color and markings : Mine case. painted olive
drab over undercoat of black . Interior painted

S rv
with black lacquer . Designation,
1w

(fuze top portion) stenciled vertically in red

characters approximately ?'s-inch tall on one
side, and the corresponding marking

1 a "U
'll` A 0 INI)
(fuze bottom portion) in smaller characters
about ;1-inch tall stenciled on reverse side.
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STRIKER RFLFASE PLUNGER

STRIPER RELEASE PLUNGER HOLE =J= 54FETY WIRE

FUZE 5ODY -. SHFAX. 'A,X=:E

INITIATORS ;TnIL;E= RD JSiNG

BOOSTER

A:='X Ar X NX S - FR X' XSTr.fk: S=P fNG

Iw'c
rX:ik OAX X. . X STRII' .

r,=: I Af I Pd .T ;A r

5' v- L _
-_._ . - .
rr,X_ :-xm-mX

PICRIC BL0^r (FL.XT SIDE)-7

E143 fAF

METHOD OF ASSEN!FLING FUZE BE7W'EEN

N)T TO SCE LL TWO BLOCKS fNOT TO SCALE)

Figure 153-Anti . Vehicular "Yardstick" Land Mine .

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE 5ecuritp Information

Description : The mine is an oval tube formed fuze body in diametrical!,, opposite positions . The
by two halves of sheet steel welded together with striker release plunger is a split pin with an
continuous welds and closed at both ends by steel enlarged flat head. It is positioned in the fuze
caps held in place by single screws. One of the body by a copper shear wire. A second hole 90°
caps has a hole to take the safety wire, which is a from the shear wire hole accommodates the safety
single ewe extending the length of the mine and wire. The lower end of the plunger is split by a
passing through all the fuzes . A spring clip holds slot, the width of which is increased on the inner
the safety wire in place . The explosive blocks end .
flattened on one side do not completely fill the Employment This mine is used as an anti-
mine case. The space left between the flat side of vehicular rnine.
the blocks and the wall of the case accommodates
the protruding heads of the fuzes and also allows Operation : After the safety wire is removed
space for the side of the case to be depressed on the and burying plug is screwed in, the mine is buried .
fuzes by the passage of a vehicle over the mine . A vehicle passing over will crush the case and
The fuze consists of a short, cylindrical body thereby apply enough pressure on the top of the
which houses the striker release plunger, the fuze to break the shear wire and depress the striker
striker housing which contains the striker and release plunger . As the enlarged portion of the
striker spring, and the gaine. The gaine and slot. comes opposite, the spring-loaded striker
striker housing are, identical in external appear- moves across through the opening and into the
ance and screw into the sides of the cylindrical primer cap .

Type 99 Armor-Penetration Land Mine

Over-all length : 4 .75 inches (circular).
Over-all width: 1 .5 inches .
Total weight : 2 .5 pounds.
Weight of filling : 1 .5 pounds .
Fuze delay : 5-10 seconds .
Type of explosive : Eight cast blocks, 50-50
RD1-TNT shaped to form circle . Individual
blocks wrapped in wax paper .
Color and markings : Khaki . Stenciled in black

on body: 12 f A+ RI E3 ;;-
X

On opposite side is stencilled : *

Description The mine resembles a canvas cloth The fuze contains two springs, a compression
bag, disc shaped, with a snap-fastened flap on the spring and a firing pin spring, the latter of which
outer edge for inserting the eight blocks of ex- is contained in a firing pin sleeve . Four steel
plosive . Opposite the filling flap on the outer retaining balls fit into holes in the firing pin sleeve
edge of the mine, is a metal adapter which is and notches in the firing pin, retaining the position
externally threaded to receive the fuze. Four of the firing pin . A fuze cap provides a base for
equally spaced permanent magnets are attached the first spring and is grooved on the inside about
by khaki webbing to the outer edge of the mine one-third of the way up from its base. There is
body. The mine is packed two to a wooden box a safety pin which passes through the fuze body
complete with wooden shipping plugs in the fuze just below the base of the safety cap and between
adapters. The fuzes are enclosed in tubular metal the striker and the percussion cap . The powder
cases sealed with a paper band and tear string . delay train threads into the base of the fuze body,
For carrying on the field, the mines are packed and the detonator tube threads over the base of
individually in a khaki-colored cloth pouch, the delay train container .
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FUZE

SAFETY PIN COMPRESSION SPRING

PERCLISS i oN CAP LOCKING EAL¬LS

[DELAY PELLET STR f F:ER

Figure 154-Type 99 Armor-Penetration Land Mine.

Employment : Used as antitank or antivehic- the retaining balls into this groove and also forces
ular mine, or against armored fortifications . the striker down onto the percussion cap .
Operation : The fuze is carried separately and Remarks : Test detonations of this mine indi-
is secured to the. mine by a locking ring. In use,
cate a distinct "llonroo Effect" at the junction of
the safety pin is pulled, the fuze cap given a sharp
the inner cadges of the explosive blocks . One mine.
rap, and the mine, either placed on or tossed on
armor plate within a range of ten feet. When the will produce complete perforations in plate up to
1 inch . The mines are frequently coupled to-
fuze. cap is forced downward against the compres-
sion spring, its groove aligns with the retaining gether and when so used, will penetrate 1 .5 inch
balls. The tension of the firing pin spring forces steel plate .

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SAFETY PIN

SHEAR WIRE
CijNNFCTM CYLINDER

ST'r:1NER

TN .-".EACEO CON+,ECTINS Ri .',G

QEMNAT)R

STEEL CASE

'EXPLOSIVE

5-f14'

Figure 155-Lunge Mine.

Lunge Mine Weight of handle : 3 .3 pounds.

Explosive filling : Crude TNT .
Over-all length : 78 inches (including handle and
Weight of filling : 6 .6 pounds .
legs) .
Total weight : 14 .3 pounds (mine body and han- Description : The mine consists of a conical
dle) . shaped hollow charge, with a wooden handle at
Length of body : 11 .6 inches . the apex of the cone and three metal legs welded
Diameter at base: 8 inches . to the base.
Weight of body: 11 pounds (including explosive) . The conical charge is housed in a steel con-
Length of handle : 59 inches . tainer . Fitted into the base of the charge is a
Diameter of handle : 1%' inches. hollow, truncated cone designed to give the mine
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this hollow They guarantee the proper stand-off to obtain the

the increased power of penetration of maximum effect from the hollow charge .
charge contains
charge. A well in the apex of the Employment : Used as an antitank weapon .
the detonator . Capable of penetrating 6 inches of steel plating .
in Operation : The operator pulls out the safety-
The wooden handle has a steel striker fitted
one end . This end is encased in a metal cylinder pin, then uses bayonet taetiCS, the. left hand at the
and is held there by a safetypin and a copper center of the handle, the right hand at the after
the neck
shear wire, The cylinder is attached to end, as he lunges forward . When the legs of the
of the charge container by a threaded connecting mine strike the target, the handle is driven for-
ring. ward breaking the shear wire, and the striker is
driven into the detonator initiating the explosion
Three metal legs 6 inches long are welded to the
intervals . of the mine.
base of the charge container at 120 °

Suction-Cup Mine

Over-all length : 66% inches (including handle and

cups) .
and
Total weight : 7 pound 8 ounces (mine body
handle) .
Length of body : 5%e inches (including clips and
handle holder) .
Diameter of body : 4% inches .
Weight of body : 5 pounds 8 ounces filled (including
suction cups) .
Total length of handle : 59ie inches (2 pieces) .
Diameter of handle : 1?is inches .
Explosive filling : RDX 53 ; percent TNT, 47 per-
cent.
Weight of filling : 4 pounds 7 ;: ounces .
Description : The mine body is made of a black,
sheet metal, longitudinally welded, cylinder, hav-
ing a flanged rnotal cap spot-soldered over each
for-
end. Soldered to the circumference of the
are two metal loops. Into
ward end, 180 ° apart,
each loop is fitted a solid rubber plug, the forward
cup.
end of «- hick is made into a shallow suction
metal pins
These suction cups are held in place by
of the
and extend just forward of the leading edge
mine. body .
A wooden handle, consisting of two pieces
held together by a. metal sleeve, fits into a hollow
extension welded to the top of the mine body.
The initiating element, consisting of pull
igniters, safety fuse, prima cord and blasting
cups, is rigged in duplicate. and extends the
length of the liaridlc into a well in the top of Figure 156---Suction Cup Mine .
the mine body. Four blasting caps are used,
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security If1formdtlol

two being crimped to forward end of the safety Operation : The suction cups hold the mine in
fuse and two being crimped to forward end of position when it is placed against a smooth surface .
the prima cord . If only one section of the handle The friction igniters are pulled simultaneously,
is used the prima cord may be omitted ; in which
case the blasting caps of the safety fuse are placed starting the safety fuse burning . This gives an
directly into the well of the mine. The initiating estimated delay of 10-15 seconds, after which the
element is lashed to the handle of the mine with upper blasting caps, the primacord, the blasting
light line.
Employment : These mines are known to have caps in the charge, and the main charge are
been successfully used against parked aircraft . initiated in sequence .

Tk:XXFAXED -RASS PLUG

-CFPEP S ; EA f!nl=

DET--ri4T :; ?

Figure 157-Dutch Antitank and Antipersonnel Land Mine,

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semity Inform%tio'l

Dutch Antitank and Antipersonnel Land Mine

Over-all height : 3,4 inches .
Height of body : 2',e inches .
Diameter of body : 8',g inches .
Diameter of cover : 834 inches .
Wall thickness : §3: inch .
Weight of filling : 53i pounds.
Total weight : 9}z pounds.
Type of filling : TNT .
Color and markings : Olive drab over all with
"P. W, 2-41" in red across top of both cover
and mine body. "P.W . 2-41" inscribed on fuze
head.
Description : The body is of pressed steel con- Employment : The Japanese use the mine mainly
struction with a crimped-on base. The cover is against personnel, laying them in narrow- trails,
also pressed steel with four side slots correspond- on beaches, and at entrances to bivouac areas .
ing with screw holes in the body which take the Normally they lay it on top of the ground .
small fixing studs .
In the center of the cover is a brass plug. A Operation : The movement of the cover is regu-
helical spring holds the cover away from the body. lated by the size and position of the slots . Pres-
The igniter and detonator assembly screws into sure on the cover is transferred from the brass
the top of the body of the mine. The striker is plug on to the striker head, thus shearing the
spring-loaded and is held off the. cap by the Ys shear wire. and allowing the spring to drive the
inch diameter, soft copper shear wire. There is striker into the cap thereby detonating the mine.
no safety pin .
The detonator assembly consists of a detonator A load of 50 pounds is sufficient to shear the
tube enclosed by an outer tube, and a. primer . copper shear wire.

Type 3 (a) Antivehicular and Antipersonnel

Land Mine
Diameter : 8.6 inches .
Height : 4.13 inches (without fuze) .
Height : 6.2 inches (fuzed) .
Length of fuze : 2 .5 inches .
Material of mine wall : Terra cotta .
Thickness of wall : ?ie inch.
Explosive filling : Type 88. Captured document The outer surface has a thin dull glaze while the
states bursting charge. might also be either inner surface is covered with a thin coat of lacquer .
ammonium nitrate, 50 percent, TNT, 50 per- A rubber fuze segt is sealed in place in a hole
cent; or ammonium nitrate, 90 percent ; dinitro- in the center of the top of the mine;
naphthalene 10 percent . The explosive filler is contained in a light rubber
Weight of explosive, : 4 pounds 8 ounces . bag inside the mine.
The fuze body, cover, plunger, and striker sup-
Total weight of mine : 11 pounds 6 ounces .
port are made of Bakelite . The springs, percus-
Color : Brown .
sion hammer, striker, and the. release fork are the
Description : The mine is circular with a slightly only metal parts in the mine and with the excep-
concave top and a moderately-convex base. The tion of the release fork, all are contained inside
mine case is made of earth-colored terra cotta . the fuze.
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Information

Sni"_"*( I l'.
ka;1<EK REr FC:RF
. .JVER --

S?({I Y.Ez
PE'riCc_ .X, . . .X:+Ert
ST Ri!,ER ?-LC:E ;a FL : :vG=
7 :f NvJT --..__ , :i4CE S? . . .i
Xk I " iE
Ftl_e SE : .
RUw$ER E41LG5IVE CCNTd11Ntt,
Yli"E NA'L

Figure ]5$-Type 3 (a) Antivehicular and Antipersonnel Land Mine.

Employment : May be used as an antivehicular

or antipersonnel mine.
Operation : The mine is placed in the desired
location and the safety pin is withdrawn . The
fuze may then be rigged to fire either by pull or
pressure .
The percussion hammer located within the fuze
is held in place by a release fork to which a trip
wire may be attached . When the wire is pulled
(22-pound pull required), the fork releases the
hammer which is forced downward by the hammer
spring. The hammer hits the striker forcing it
through its bakelite holder into the percussion cap .
When pressure of 20-25 pounds is applied
directly on the head of the fuze the plunger spring
and hammer spring are compressed causing the The hammer is released and hits the striker which
hammer head to exert pressure on the hammer .in turn pierces the detonator .
release fork. When the plunger is further de- Remarks : A larger model of this mine exists,
pressed a groove in its inner surface comes down and differs from it only in size. The larger
to the level of the hammer release fork. The version has a diameter of approximately 10',2
pressure of the hammer head cams out the fork. inches .
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5ecurlrt information

Type 3 (b) Antivehicular and Antipersonnel

Land Mine
Width : 7,3 inches .
8'

Height : 5 inches (without fuze) .

Height : 7.5 inches (with fuze) .
Material of mine wall : Wood.
Tbiclcness of wall : %;6inch .
Color : Unpainted wood.
Explosive filling : Type $$. Captured document
states that the bursting charge might be either

ur:3ER SEPE CF ,.OVER

MINE (ZC-YER REm

.OvEG)

ASSt"R!FLEC vltjE

Figure 759---Type 3 (h) Antivehicular and Antipersonnel Land Mine .

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ammonium nitrate. 50 percent, TNT, 50 p er- It is a standard mine manufactured to standard

cent ; or ammonium nitrate, 90 percent ; ditlita'o- specifications and employing the type 88 explosive
naphthalene, 10 percent . charge and its rubber container, the threaded
Weight of explosive : 4 pounds 8 ounces . rubber fuze seat, and the same type fuze 1FSed in
Total weight of mine : fi pounds 4 ounces (without the type 3 (a) land mine.
fuze) . The threaded rubber fuze seat is nailed to the
bottom side of the top closing piece beneath a hole
Description : The mine is simply a wooden box provided to allow insertion of the fuze .
with dovetailed sides to which top and bottom Employment : May be used as either xntive-
closing pieces have been fastened by screws and hicular or antipersonnel mine.
nails respectively . Operation : Same as type 3 (a) land mine .

Figure ]60-Beehive Antipersonnel Land Mine .

Beehive Antipersonnel Land Mine

Diameter at base : 8 inches .
Height : 4.5 inches (without fuze) .
Total weight : 17 pounds (approximate) .
Thickness of mine wall : 3 's inch.
Color : Black .
Explosive filling : TNT .
Weight of explosive : 5 pounds (approximate) .

Description : The mine is hemispherical in shape Both the serrations of the mine case and the
and its surface is uniformly serrated. thickness of the wall ('e inch) indicate that this
The central hole in the top of the mine is inter- mine was to be used as an antipersonnel weapon.
nally threaded to receive one of two fuze adapters . Employment : Antipersonnel mine.
The first adapter takes either the plastic fuze used Operation : The operations of the type 93 land
in the type 3 (A) ceramic and type 3 (B) wooden mine fuze and the type 8 (A) ceramic land mine
fuze are discussed under the respective mines .
land mines, or the type 88 instantaneous artillery
The type 88 artillery projectile fuze from which
fuze from which the centrifugal detents have been the centrifugal detents have been removed is fired
removed . The second adapter is constructed to by pressure on the firing pin head . Pressure on
take the fuze employed in the type 93 tapemeasure the firing pin head compresses the anticreep spring
mine . and the firing pin is forced into the primer.
21 4 RESTRICTED
 EST R1,uTE0
security Inlo ;mation LAND MINES

Figure 167-5-kg. Hemispherical Antitank Land Mine .

5-kg . Hemispherical Antitank Land Mine

The 5-kg. hemispherical A/TK mine is a
weapon designed to help overcome the shortage of
A/TK weapons and armored vehicles which the
Japanese forces experienced during the war . It
is a suicide weapon, intended to be placed against
an armored vehicle either by hand or by means
of a pole or lines .
The mine is hemispherical in shape, black in The mine is detonated by the same fuze as that
color, with the fuze, mounted opposite the flat used in the type 99 magnetic A/TK mine.
face. It is equipped with a straight projection to No specimens of this mine were found outside
which a pole may be lashed, and with four eyelets of the Japanese homeland, very few of them having
to which lines may be attached . been produced .

Bangalore Torpedo and Igniter

Dimensions: See drawing.
Total weight of torpedo : 10 pounds.
Weight of filling : 3 pounds .
Type of filling : TNT, 36.4 percent. ; cyclonite,
63 .6 percent .
Color and markings Torpedo tube-brown with
red band inboard of externally threaded end,
white triangle near midpoint of tube, and
eleven inches inboard of red band on opposite
side from white triangle is LO 10

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE Security Inlo-rmatin

?MATCH CO'AK5 ¬ TION ABRASIVE

BLACK FDitDER DELAY SAFETY P6?!

,ry'
! ;NITIATOR I i; E

TETRYL

DOSE CA F

I GIN ITER HCLDE?

Figure 162-8angalore Torpedo and Igniter.

Description : The igniter system consists of two the igniters are connected by lines to the lanyard
pull igniters screwed into an igniter holder which holder. The igniters are simple match composi-
fits into the igniter locking collar . The rings of tion pull igniters with a black powder delay of
21 6 RESTRICTED
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security Information

Operation : The caps are removed from the ends

s seconds, an initiant, and a base charge of tetryl .
When shipping, the steel nose cap is threaded onto of the tube, the pointed nose cover is screwed
the igniter as shown in drawing . onto one end, and the igniter locking collar into
The torpedo proper is a steel tube with shoulders the other end. The torpedo is now ready for use .
welded to both ends. One end is internally threaded When the torpedo is placed the safety pin is
to take the igniter locking collar and the other end removed and the firing lanyard is pulled sharply .
is threaded externally to take the pointed nose Personnel can take cover in the 8 seconds delay
cover. When shipped the tube has a cap screwed period.
over one end and a male plug threaded into the The pulling of the firing lanyard pulls the
other. match composition through the abrasive. The
Employment : The bangalore torpedo is used by
flash starts the black powder which after 8 seconds
the Japanese to dernolish barbed-wire entangle-
ments . It can also be used as a. booby trap, delay fires the initiant and tetryl base charge and
actuated by pull. the torpedo charge .
Pressure and Traction Land Mine
Over-all length : 12.5 inches .
Over-all width : 9.5 inches .
Over-all height : 7 inches .
Weight of filling : 2 pounds.
Type of explosive : Three blocks picric acid or
TNT detonator of igniter inserted in center
block.

.,,T_ . __ .
.',31T
.'V7'
. ,

ii .', I - I F' i .l m Y;; RE

A4TI-I.IFFhNXS STLYE

Figure 763-Pressure and Traction Land Mine.

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Description : The mine consists of a wooden box, tree or other suitable object and an antilifting
the lid of which is held in place against the in- wire attachment which passes through a hole in
ternal flanges on the top by four stout springs the base of the box and is secured to a peg . The
(one in each corner) . A wooden block is secured igniter contains ignition composition and a pellet
by two bolts to the underside of the lid and serves of powdered glass in red cement:.
to operate the pull igniter by pressure exerted on
the cover. Employment : Used as an antitank or antiper-
sonnel mine.
The explosive charge is in a separate container
with the igniter and detonator inserted in the Operation : The mine will function by either of
center block. A pull wire extends from the three methods : pressure exerted on the lid, tension
igniter over to the wire rod directly under the exerted on the trip wire, or by lifting ti mine to
it!

wooden block attached to the underside of the lid . operate the antilifting device . In all instances
To this wire rod are attached a trip wire which the wire rod is moved which pulls the wire leading
passes out through the cover to be secured to a to the igniter.

Friction-Fuzed Land Mine

Over-all length: 13 inches .
Over-all width : 3 inches .
Over-all height : 2 .37 inches .
Weight of filling : 3.5 pounds .
Type of explosive : Five blocks picric acid or TNT
detonator of igniter inserted in end block .
Description : The mine consists of a wooden box,
the sides of which are 0.59 inch thick . A wooden
partition block inserted 4 .25 inches from the un-
filled end of the box serves to hold the five blocks
of explosive in place and also to secure the igniter
in position . To the igniter is attached a trip
wire which extends out through the end of the

PAIN CHARGE

,7ETGNATCR

PA .-, T I T I :;t+

X t 'ICU. F&ICTly"N FUZE

'-- 7R! Y 01 RF d+i f-LIFTING 5TARF PJIF NIKE

Figure 164-Friction-Fuzed Land Mine .

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box and is secured to a tree or other suitable. Employment : The mine is buried 1 to 2 inches
object . A safety device, the exact nature of below the surface and used as either an anti-
which is unknown but reported to consist of a tank or antipersonnel mine.
bottle cap, is incorporated on the outside of the Operation : The mine can function by either a
box at a point of egress of the trip wire . The tension exerted on the trip wire or by lifting the
antilifting device consists of a wire attachment mine to operate the antilift.ing device . In both
which passes through the base of the box and is instances the pull igniter is fired which in turn
secured to a peg driven in the ground . detonates the explosive charge .

Figure 765---Improvised Land Mine .

Improvised Land Mine powder and 33 RDX, are firmiy held in place by
waxed paper.
Dimensions : A box 5;s by 4 ;; by 31,14 inches . Employment : Can be used as an antitank mine
Nfaterial : Tin. when fuzed with the armed grenade . With a
Color : Silver . pull or tension detonator it can be used as an
Description : The mine consists of a rectangular antipersonnel mine or booby trap.
box with a cover securely fastened by friction Operation : As an antitank mine: Safety pin on
tape . Two holes are roughly punched in the fuze is removed . When it is hit by a sharp blow
cover through which a grenade fuze or detonator the striker breaks a shear wire arid penetrates the
projects . The grenade fuze projects approxi- primer. After a delay of d to 5 seconds the
mately 34 inch, projection of detonator is unknown . bursting charge explodes setting off the charge .
Contained in the box are one Japanese type As an antipersonnel mine or booby trap : A
(91) hand grenade and twelve blocks of ;a alum- pull igniter with detonator is inserted into the
num powder and X3 RDX . Each block is 1,1 by 4, charge. When the trip wire is pulled, the flash
inches wrapped in waxed paper . Color is
314` will fire the detonator which in turn sets off the
black. The grenade and blocks, ;" aluminum explosive and hand grenade .

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Security htormation

aTA k£ SHEET IRON

ELECTRICAL DETCIIATC?S E i,ECTR I CA L CCItTACTS

PRESSURE PLATE HAND GRENnJE (SAFETY

(WCODEN ) PIN REIIACVEDi

PREPAREO CHARGE %aCUE L 9W ARMI_R-P I £ KI NG

BASE PLATE cweODEN) (2 ts .PICRIC)- MINE 0AAGNETIZED7

Figure 166-Improvised Antitank Land Mine and Airstrip Mine .

Air-Strip Mine (Upper Half, Figure 966) Antitank Mine (Lower Half, Figure 966)
Type of explosive : 31 100-kg, bombs and picric Type of explosive : 2 hand grenades, a 2 pound
acid. prepared charge picric acid, and a Mod 99
Method of detonation: Closing electrical circuit armor-piercing mine.
or by use of demolition clock. Method of detonation: Pressure on board to fire
Description : The bombs were stacked around fuzes in grenades . Sympathetic detonation re-
picric acid blocks in which electrical detonators lied ripon for explosion of main charge .
were inserted . The entire mine was under a turf- Description : A prepared picric charge was laid
covered piece of sheet iron that would close the on top of as armor-piercing mine and a band
circuit and fire the charge if the iron were lifted grenade was set on the two sides. A board was
or depressed . A clockwork was also inserted to laid over the top so that pressure would be trans-
fire charge if iron was not disturbed . mitted to the fuzes of the grenades .
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Security Iniumation LAND MINES

Type JE Anti6oat Mine

Diameter : 203; inches.
Height : 10.62 inches .
Thickness of wall : 116 inch .
Material of wall : Steel_
"'eight : 106 .5 pounds (not including horns deto-
nator, booster, and wiring) .
Weight of filling : 46.5 pounds.
Type of filling : Type 98 explosive (HND/TNT
N 40/60) with picric. acid booster and tetryl
detonator .

AWI  C PLUNGER--- _-_ f----E`- ACTinG Plti"

SAFETY MR

EN- 1T%r MJ4Ci5

PE TON,' iCh

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

Description : This is a hemispherical, chemical- tapered, threaded hole in the center of the top of
horned, all-welded mine . The, outer body forms the plunger and a groove around the plunger near
a hemisphere and has two handles on its upper the top . Until the mine is in position a safety
portion, a central opening on top to take the fork engages this groove and holds the plunger up
booster and safety switch, and two horn openings against its spring . The inner end of the plunger
180° apart. The mine is divided internally into is thus withdrawn from between two contacts in
an explosive chamber and a chamber containing the electrical firing circuit and the circuit is incom-
booster, wiring, safety switch, and horn electrodes . plete .
The division is made by a shallow, saucer-shaped Employment : Used on beaches as an antiboat
steel section, which forms less than a hemisphere mine . It can also be used on land as an antitank
which is pressed into the outer body from the mine by burying or otherwise concealing it.
bottom and welded in place . A plate is then fitted Operation : After the mine is laid the safety
into the bottom of the mine and is also welded in fork is removed . The contact plunger moves
place. This last-mentioned plate carries a filling down under spring pressure and closes the elec-
plug in its center and is inset of an inch to trical contacts, thus completing the electrical
allow clearance for the plug. The horns, two in circuit and the mine is armed . When a horn is
number, appear to be standard lead-acid mine crushed an acid vial inside is broken, allowing the
horns . They are set at an angle of about 65° acid to drain down onto two plates of a small
and project above the level of the mine top ; battery which generates sufficient amperage to
threads are left. hand . In the firing circuit is a fire the detonator. As the wiring is series-parallel,
spring-loaded plunger whose upper end projects either horn on being bent will act independently
through the safety-switch cover . A rubber dia- to fire the mine.
phragm in the top of the cover insures watertight Remarks : The Japanese designation is : Small
ness but allows the plunger to move. There is a type land mine .

Type JG Antiboat Mine

Method of actuation : Chemical horn.

Weight of explosive : 22 pounds.
Type of explosive, : HND/TNT 40/60 (type 98) .
Diameter of top opening : 5 .1 inches .
Diameter of top : 7 inches .
Diameter Total
Mine No . of base Height weight
(inches) (inches) (pounds)
1______ 145146 10 ;14 57
2------ 149'1 6 10516 55
3------ 149; 6 10 ;, 6 62 .5
4______ 145%6 10314 57
5______ 14516 10'4 52 .5

Description : There are five modifications of the

subject mine, each of them being actuated by a
single chemical horn screwed into the top . The
mines are either bell-shaped or,of a truncated cone
shape with an additional distinguishing factor
being the location of the welds. The firing
mechanism is similar to the J-X111 ; however, a
very small detonator is used to initiate the explo-
sive train .
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IC .L FCRK TY"Y: 97

15 .1»`

5PRfr:G fCX4DED SF' .1

SAFE'Y F3^: -
VA' I°: C .AK".'ti LPS .
FEE Y !N, :SrE H EX=XCaIVE

llF T CNY Ti
.
:

Figure 168-Type JG Antiboat Mine .

Employment : Used as an antiboat mine for the
protection of beaches and reefs ; also on land as
A/T mine by camouflaging .
Operation : The mine is laid with the chemical
horn installed and a safety pin through the
spring-loaded arming spindle . When positioned
properly, the safety pin is removed allowing the
spindle to move down and bridge the contacts of
the safety switch.
The mine is fired when the chemical horn is
crushed or broken .
Remarks : The Japanese designation for this
mine is ; Small type mine Model 2 .

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE 5ecurily Information

INERTIA WEIGHT

FIRING PIN
SAFETY FORK

CREEP SPRING
PR I1viER

FILLING PLUG

DETCNATCR

BURSTING CHARGE

GAS VENTS

STEEL WASHER

FILLING, PLUG

Figure 169--Type 91 Hand, Mortar, or Rifle Grenade .

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Chapter 3-Section 2
HAND, RIFLE, AND MORTAR GRENADES

Introduction Weight of filling : 65 grams.

Delay : 6 seconds .
The Japanese armed forces developed, both
Description : The cast iron body is cylindrical
before and during the war, a fairly extensive line
and has 50 serrated segments . A filling ping
of hand and rifle grenades . This type of ordnance,
screws into the upper end of the body, and a brass
primarily used by ground forces, was developed
fuze screws through this plug. The base of the
by the Army, but in the peculiar Japanese military
grenade is threaded, but not entirely through to
organization, was also used by the Navy ground
the charge. Into these threads fits the propellant
defense units.
container .
The hand and rifle grenades used by the.
The fuze consists of a brass inertia pellet with
Japanese, although designed for a large variety
a steel firing pin separated from the primer by a
of purposes, are similar in a number of respects.
Generally, they are smaller than would be con- creep spring. The inertia weight is held in the
fuze by a. light brass cap wbich is crimped into a
sidered adequate by American standards . Also,
cannelure in the fuze body so as to prevent the
observation of them in use has shown that,
firing pin from reaching the primer . The firing
although explosive charges are usually large
pin is threaded into the inertia weight . In addi-
enough, effective fragmentation is often not
tion, a double brass safety pin fits through the
achieved . In the main, the missiles are lacking in
fuze, preventing the firing pin from reaching the
safety factors, and in reliability, the. principles
percussion cap .
used in the igniters being of such character that
The delay pellet screws into the base of the fuze
they may be initiated accidentally and are subject
and contains a. small quantity of granular black
to deterioration because. of exposure to moisture .
powder and a pellet of black powder. A hole
In the. case of grenades of glass construction, the
drilled in the side. of the fuze contains a fusible
danger of initiation is great .
plug which melts when the black powder burns,
Rifle grenades are often standard hand grenades,
allowing the escape of the gases formed on com-
adapted for use as rifle grenades by the addition
bustion of the delay train. The tetryl detonator
of a tail portion . Hand grenade igniters are
is contained in a brass tube extending from the
retained, with delay trains removed in some cases .
base of the, fuze to the bottom of the bursting
A large variety of improvised grenades has been
charge..
found in all Pacific areas . These grenades have
The steel propellant container is screwed into
been adapted from such items as small ammuni-
the base of the body. A perforated plug screws
tion, small bombs, pipe, paper, and wood . In
into the base of this container and in a cavity in
general, improvisations were the result of shortage
this is a percussion cap . Two flash holes lead to
of the manufactured item, and were prepared
a small quantity of black powder . Inside the
by inexperienced personnel . Consequently, they
propellant container proper is a copper cup con-
were, in almost all cases, very ineffective and
taining flakes of nitrocellulose propellant powder .
extremely dangerous to use .
When thus grenade is used as a rifle grenade, a
finned tail stabilizer is screwed into the base of
Type 91 Hand, Mortar, or Rifle Grenade
the grenade instead of the. propellant container .
Over-all length : 33'< inches . Operation : The firing pin mast first be threaded
Maximum diameter : 2 inches . down into the inertia weight . The safety pin
Color : Body, black ; fuze cover, red ; and fuze, must then be withdrawn . If the grenade is to be
brass . thrown by hand, it is necessary to strike the inertia
Total weight : 18 .8 ounces . weight on some hard object to drive the firing pin
Filling : Powdered ThTT. into the primer to ignite the delay train .
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If the grenade is to be fired from the grenade in the grenade fuze to compress the creep spring
discharger, the grenade with propellant container and hit the primer to ignite the delay train.
is dropped base first into the discharger. When To fire the grenade from a rifle, the stabilizer is
the trigger mechanism of the discharger is oper- placed over the launcher and the rifle is fired using
ated, its firing pin strikes the percussion cap, the special cartridge . The shock of discharge
igniting the propelling charge which propels the forces the striker into the primer igniting the
grenade . Force of setback causes the firing pin delay,

Type 97 Hand Grenade

Over-all length : 4 inches .
Maximum diameter : 2 inches .
Color : Body, black; fuze cover, red ; fuze, brass .
Total weight : 1 pound 3 ounces .
Filling : Powdered T_NT.
Delay : 4-5 seconds .
Description : The body is cylindrical with serra- inertia weight on some hard object thus driving
tions to give uniform fragmentation . This gre- the firing pin into the primer to ignite the delay
nade is identical to the type 9t grenade except train.
that the base of this grenade is solid and therefore
cannot take a propelling charge . It can only be Remarks : A type 97 grenade with an aluminum
used as a hand grenade . body has been recovered .
Operation : The firing pin must first be threaded A gray or black grenade, which strongly
down into the inertia weight . The safety pin resembles and appears to be a forerunner of the
must then be withdrawn. As the grenade is to be type 97 grenade, has also been found . This
thrown by hand, it is necessary to strike the grenade employs a fuze of black powder rolled in

I§ER IA PALLET

XiRIr&n FIN

4R,SS CUP

CREEP SPRItii;

PP !%'LR

GAS VENT

FUZE BCa'i

BODY

GELAY FELLET

1YALHER

UTCNATOR

THESE CHAflACTEK; [hSCR1BEJ

Cal TUB:

HX ;X XX 3 Xf5o
t C H 'V' TGKYG * LXARC.H t=i i i

Figure 170-Type 97 Hand Grenade.

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ST ; 141,EA

SAFETY FORM

FUZE BOGY

FLZE COVER

STRIKER SPRING

FJZE COVER RETAINER SCREW

PRI!6`kR -WAP

FLASH GW3

AIR VENT

FILEINC PL'1G

DELAY TX?AIN

GRENA5 ;. _CCY

" EXPL051VE FILLEE

D- T&.NATL+R

Figure 771-Type 99 Hand Grenade .

paper leading directly to the black powder deflector. The flash deflector reduces the pos-
bursting charge . lio detonator is used in the sibility of the flash from the cap }turning the hand
firing train. The fuze pocket is threaded to take of the thrower and the possibility of the flash
a mechanical fuze of the same size as the fuze, used being seen by the enemy at night .
in the standard type 97 grenade . The fuze is similar to that. used in the type 91
and 97 grenades with -a few improvements . On
Type 99 Hand Grenade the old type the. striker may turn or spring clear
Over-all length : 3M inches . of the grenade when the safety wire is pulled . In
Maximum diameter: I% 'Inches . this fuze, a screw in the fuze body projects through
Color : Body, black with white label pasted around a slot in the striker cover and keeps the cover in
it. The top of the grenade is painted red ; fuze place . The slot allows the cover to move down
corer, red ; fuze, brass. when the striker is struck on a hard object . Also
Total weight
: 0 .8 pound . the striker and inertia weight are machined
Filling : Cast picric acid. together and the. striker protrudes so that it does
Delay : 4-5 seconds . not have to be threaded down to arm the grenade .
Descriptiou : The cast steel body has smooth In other respects, the fuzes are identical .
surfaces. There is a shoulder projecting ){a inch Operation : The-safetypin is Nvithdrawn and the
from each end of the body . The inside of the body head of the fuze is' struck on some hard objL"ct .
is finished with lacquer to beep the filler from re- This forces the striker down into the primer igTtit-
acting with the steel case . The filler is also ing the delay .
wrapped in heavy paper.
A light metal flash deflector is fitted in the top of Remarks : A type 99 grenade has been encoun-
the grenade . This deflector is is inch Nvj& arid tered with a machined, waterproof, metal fuze
is inch in cliauTet.er. Two 3F-inch holes are punched corer . The only, difference between this variation
in the. outer periphery arsd match the spanner and the standard grenade is tile fact that the flfish
holes in the fuze body . This positions the (,as guard-is--externally threaded to receive the water-
vents in the fuze 90° from the holes in the flash proof fuze cover .
227
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Type 4 Pottery Hand Grenade

Height (base to top of neck) : 4 inches .
Diameter : 3 inches .
Body (Material) : Terra cotta .
Thickness of case : ;is inch.
Color : Tight brown .
Filling: Type 88 explosive.
Weight of filling : 3 .5 ounces .
Total weight of grenade : 16 ounces .
Delay: 4-5 seconds .
Description : Except for the neck at the top, the the grenade. This sack serves a second purpose
grenade is spherical, consisting of two hemispheres in waterproofing the ignition system.
baked together. The pottery body is light brown A cloth band tied around the neck is probably
in color, lightly- glazed inside and out . The gre- used for carrying .
nade is encased in a straw-colored rubber sack
which series as waterproofing and permits the Operation : The small rubber sack is removed
from the top and the scratch block is struck on
thrower to take a better grip.
the protruding match composition, igniting the
The ignition system consists of a match compo-
delay element . The grenade is thrown and ex-
sition, a 4 or 5 second delay element, a lead azide
plodes after a 4 or 5 second delay .
initiator, and a tetryl booster. All but the match
composition are encased in a rubber tube which is Remarks : This grenade appears to be made of
lacquered into the neck of the grenade . The up- the same type pottery as the type 3 pottery land
per portion of the delay element is surrounded by mine, and like the land mine, uses Type 88 explo-
a wooden collar, the top of which is covered with sive . For these reasons it may be assumed to be
the match composition . a Navy weapon .
A wooden scratch block is seated on top of the The color of the grenade may vary from white
neck of the grenade . It is held in place by a to dark brown, and the exterior may be glazed or
small rubber sack which snaps around the neck of unglazed .

MATCH COMPOSITION

SCRATCH BLOCK

RUBBER COVERINGS

'WOODEN COLLAR

RUBBER TUBE

DELAY ELEMENT

INITIATOR

BOOSTER

MAIN CHARGE

-POTTERY BODY

Figure 172-Type 4 Pottery Hand Grenade.

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FIRING STRING

FRICTION IGNITER

MATCH CCaUPCSITION

Figure ]73-Type 23 Hand Grenade .

Type 23 Hand Grenade

Over-all length : 33; inches.
Alaximum diameter: 2 inches .
Color : Black.
Total weight : 1 pound .
Filling : Granular TNT .
Weight of filling : 39 .5 grams.
Delay : 5yz seconds .
Description : The body, unlike the type 91 or 97, When this is depressed, the cover can be un-
has no longitudinal serrations, but does have five screwed in one and one-half turns, thus exposing
transverse depressions . On one side, fitted top the firing string which is attached to a friction
igniter .
and bottom, are two rings which could be used
Operation : The thumb cover release must be
for carrying or for anchoring. The lead cover is depressed, and then the cover must be removed .
screwed on to the top of the grenade and is When the firing string is pulled, it draws a sanded
grooved to provide a grip for easy removal . The string through a match composition . The igni-
thumb cover release holds the cover on and must tion of the match composition will ignite the
be depressed before the cover can be removed . black powder delay train.

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Type 18 Stick Grenade

Over-all length : 7', inches .
Maximum diameter : I% inches .
Color : Body, black ; handle, unpainted .
Total weight : 1 lb. 3 ounces.
Filling : Cast picric acid,
Weight of filling : 3 ounces .
Delay : 4-5 seconds .
Description : The body is cylindrical in shape
and is made of cast steel 1 41-inch thick . The
handle is turned from soft wood and slips into
the steel body where it is held by three screws .
This joint is sealed with a coating of tar. The
APOOF HANDLE screw cap at the pull end of the handle is of light,
X4XCT' !a Xw,w:n tin-plated steel.
SA';C . .C'iKT`vk The fuze consists of a friction ignition composi-
tion with a sanded string running through it.
This string extends up the hollow handle and is
connected to a pull ring which is exposed by
removing the screw cap at the top of the handle .
: ::LAY FX .LLF Operation : The screw cap is removed from the
top of the handle . The ring inside the handle is
Dc'C'NLT r then pulled . This draws the sanded string
.XRE?;A:;E BOCr through the ignition composition igniting the 4 or
x: .''CCSEVE Fi_ :EF 5 second delay. The delay train detonates a cap
which detonates the main charge .
This grenade has more fragmentation effect
Figure 174---Type 98 Stick Grenade. than the German high explosive stick grenade .

Type 3 Conical Antitank Hand Grenade

Large Grenade Small Grenade

Length of grenade___ 6% inches_- 5Y, inches .

Length of tail------- 14 inches-- 14 inches.
Diameter at base___- 4's inches__ 4 inches.
Length of fuze------ 13a inches-- 1 ;a inches.
Length of cone------ 3  inches-- 2's inches .
Diameter of cone____ 2'e inches-- 2 inches .
Cone angle, apex---- 30 -------- 38° .
Total weight-------- 1 .25 kg---- .84 kg.
Thickness of cone --- 3 mm_____ 3 mm.
Material of cone _ _ _ _ Steel------ Aluminum.
Description : This grenade is manufactured in The explosive charge is cast in the form of a
two sizes . The basic principles of construction truncated cone . A metal cone is inserted in the
are the same in both sizes, but variations occur in base and .in the upper end is a well which receives
weights, measurements and the explosive charge . the gaine of the fuze. Surrounding the gaine is a
The grenade consists of a cone-shaped explosive cast ring pellet . In the large size grenade the
charge, a metal cone and a wooden base all con- explosive is type 94, and in the small size grenade
tained in a silk bag. A fuze is inserted and a tail it is Pentolite (50/50 TNT and PETN) . A thin
attached to the apex of the charge. layer of waxed paper surrounds the charge .
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At the, bottom of the explosive charge is a Tied around the top of the grenade is a tail
wooden base which is flat on the top and rounded made of hemp to provide. stability in flight and
on the bottom . The hole in the base has a slightly to make the grenade strike the tank base first,
The fuze is constructed in two parts which are
smaller diameter than the hole in the cone.
threaded together . The lower body has external
Covering the charge and base is a silk bag either threads for screwing into the adapter ring and
white or olive drab in color. When the grenade internal threads for receiving the gaine . The
is assembled, a drawstring closes the bottom . A striker is held in position by a safety pin and creep
metal ring is inserted over the top of the bag. spring . The under side of the upper body and
Inside the top of the explosive charge is fitted an the top of the striker are curved so that if the gre-
adapter ring which is threaded to receive the fuze. nade strikes at a slight angle the striker will be
Four screws hold the parts together . cammed down.

UX^ER FJZE BDCY

:_:. .._-SAFETY PIN

ST  LF,Ek

:nLEP SPRING

LG'WER FXZz KDY

LEAD A?IjE

PRIUE6

CyOLONlitF

Figure 775-Type .3 Conical Antitank Hand Grenade.

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Operation : Before the grenade is thrown the bag which covers the charge of the second grenade
safety pin is pulled out . On impact the firing pin is made of bright yellow finished silk. The main
overcomes the spring and moves down to pierce explosive charge is picric acid with a small R. D. X.
the primer . The fuze is not "all-ways action", booster . The adapter ring is bakelite instead of
but will probably function on a slight angle of metal, while a straw tail is used in place of hemp .
impact. The fuze of the second grenade has a black finish,
A second small grenade has been recovered a single safety pin, and a gaine which is crimped
which is identical to the preciously described small to the fuze body, but otherwise is similar in con-
grenade in measurements and type of construc- struction and operation to the fuze of the first
tion but differs in the following details . The silk grenade .

Sling Hand Grenade

Over-all length : 5?$ inches .
Maximum diameter : 1 1 3; 6 inches .
Color : Black.
Total weight : 1 pound, 3 ounces . Weight of filling : 1 ounce.
Filling : TNT . Delay : 4 or 5 seconds .

FILLING (T .N .T .t
OETG''MTOR TUBE

SMiN6 TAPE

PROTECTIVE CAF

NOODEN SPACING RING--, T-

Figure 176-Sling Hand Grenade.

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Description : The sling grenade consists of a place by light line, which is tied around the
steel grenade body, wooden base plug, reinforcing annular groove in the grenade body and the
cloth, scratch type friction ignited fuze, wooden cylindrical after section of the base plug.
fuze seat, wooden spacing ring and a metal A light, sheet metal cap is sealed over the nose
protective cap. of the grenade with waterproof paper tape.
The rough, cast steel, cylindrical grenade body The wooden spacing ring prevents contact between
has a hollow projection on its forward end into the fuze and the protective cap . A flat surface
which the wooden fuze seat and fuze are fitted on the side of the ring is coated with the abrasive
and secured with glue. The after end of the body compound used to ignite the fuze.
opens directly into the TNT filled explosive The fuze for the sling grenade is made in two
cavity of the grenade . This opening is closed sections : a long brass detonator tube and a short
by the wooden base plug, which is glued in place . igniter head. This tube is pierced by a single
The throwing line is attached to the after end of gas port and is crimped to the detonator tube .
the wooden base plug. Operation : The abrasive on the spacing ring is
A strip of reinforcing cloth is wrapped around rubbed against the match head of the fuze to
the base plug and the after end of the grenade ignite the match composition which initiates the
body in order to help prevent the two sections firing train. The grenade is then thrown by hand
from pulling apart when a line is used to throw or by means of the line attached to the ring in
the grenade . The cloth is lashed securely in its base . The delay is from 4 to 5 seconds .

1/2-kg . Incendiary Hand or Mortar Grenade

Over-all length : 5.6 inches .
Maximum diameter : 2.0 inches .
Body material : Brass.
Weight : 1 .1 pound .
Filling: White phosphorus .
Delay : 4 or 5 seconds .
Description : This grenade may be, thrown by
hand or projected with the 50 mm . grenade dis-
charger, Model 89 . The incendiary filling is
contained in brass body which may have a pro-
pelling charge on the base. The fuze is identical
to the one used in the types 91 and 97 fragmenta-
tion hand grenades .
The steel propellant container is 1}< inches .
long, 1 .02 inches in diameter, and has six "per-
forations in its walls . It is screwed into the base
of the body. A perforated plug screws into the
base of this container and in a cavity in this is a
percussion cap . Two flash holes head through the
percussion cap holder to a small quantity of black
powder . A perforated steel disc covers the plug
and inside the propellant container proper is a
copper --cup containing flakes of nitrocellulose
propellant powder .
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LET BRASS WVER

SAFETY PIN UK? SPRING,

FIRING PIN

PERCLIS-1IUN CAP

ME

3 {' ., uiiTeR SnA - CpVrR

)I ;
6NNER 8nASS OVER

TUBE

AHITE P!+OSFHMS FtLLIHG

rFUFsXLI :IG dTTdtiHYc."XT

'nuPELL..ANT

Figure 177-r/2- kg. Incendiary Hand or Mortar Grenade,

Operation : The firing pin must first be threaded the grenade with propellant container is dropped
down into the inertia weight . The safety pin base first into the discharger. When the trigger
must then he withdrawn. If the grenade is to be mechanism of the discharger is operated, its
thrown by hand, it is necessary to strike the firing pin strikes the percussion cap igniting the
inertia weight on some hard object thus driving
propelling charge which propels the grenade .
the firing pin into the primer to ignite the delay
train. Force of setback causes the firing pin in the grenade
If the grenade is to be fired from the grenade fuze to compress the creep spring and hit the
discharger, or knee mortar as it is sometimes called, primer to ignite the delay train.

Incendiary Stick Grenade

Over-all length : 13.2 inches .
Maximum diameter : 2 .1 inches .
Length of handle : 5 .3 inches .
Filling : Phosphorus, rubber pellets, and carbon
disulphide.
Description : This grenade body is long and
cylindrical with hemispherical ends, The handle
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is solid and has a transverse hole drilled through pin is threaded into the inertia weight, and, before
arming, it is not screwed in far enough and its
one end . The body is filled with 41 phosphorus-
impregnated rubber pellets in carbon disulphide . point does not protrude below the base of the
These. pellets are scattered by means of a small inertia weight . Therefore, before using the gren-
central bursting charge. It is i possible that the ade it is nec.essarv to screw the firing pin into the
grenade is sometimes filled w th a phosphorus inertia weight so that it will protrude . In addi-
smoke filling . The handle protrudes from one tion, a double brass safety pin fits through holes
in the brass cap and fuze body into holes in the
end of the body, the fuze from the other .
The fuze consists of a brass inertia pellet with a inertia weight thus preventing the firing pin from
steel firing pin separated from the primer by a reaching the percussion cap .
creep spring . The inertia weight, is held into the The delay pellet- screws into the base of the
fuze by a light brass cap which is crimped into a fuze and contains a small duantitr of granular
cannelure in the fuze body so as to prevent the black powder in the top and a. highly pressed pellet
firing pin from reaching the primer . The, firing of black powder in the lower section . .4 hole
drilled in the side of the fuze contains a fusible
plug which melts when the black powder burns,
allowing the escape of the gases formed on com-
bustion of the delay train . The escape of these
gases will enable the thrower to know if the delay
pellet has ignited .
Operation : The firing pin must first be threaded
down into the inertia weight . The safety pin is
then withdrawn . Just before thro-ing, it is
necessary to strike the inertia weight on a hard
object, driving the striker down into the primer
and igniting the dclny. The detonation o£ the
burster tuba will scatter the incendiary pellets
which will iniiit.e spontaneously .

Molotov Cocktail

Over-fill ten-th : 1133 inches .

Maximum diameter : 2% inches .
Filling : Any inflammable benzene-type liquid .
Capacity : 12 ounces .
Description : The body of this grenade {Xonsicts
of a Japanese beer bottle into the top of which is
fitted an "all-way" fiction fuze . There is a rubber
waslser under the fuze to render it liquid tight, and
the fuze fits into the neck of the bottle in the
manner of a crown stopper .
The fuze consists of a firing pin contained in a
housing and separated from the detonator con-
tained in a carrier by a safety pin and a creep
spring . The firing pin housing has a hemispherical
weight on the top of it. and bears agaizist tlw under-
side of the nose cap which is of fl similar shape.
Figure 178-Incendiary Stick Grenade. Tlrc bottom of Ilie - detonator carric+r is cilso rounded
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:ii l Y.1 5 LCCE

'ETO,NA7(R I : CLN fi

PRi:,E7CTiL, E ShIELD

5PF:Iti :

iETONATCR

KTTLL _
- AP TYPE
FAST :XiE "

Figure 179--Molotov Cocktail.

and bears against a cam surface so that it too is ary mixture consisting of barium nitrate and
free to move. The safety pin runs through the magnesium .
firing pin housing and rests against the top of the Operation : The safety pin is pulled out and the
grenade is thrown . On impact the" all-way" fuze
detonator carrier so that neither part is free to will function and set off the detonator thus igniting
move . Beneath the detonator there is an incendi- the incendiary booster and inflammable filler .

Phosphorus-Ignited Molotov Cocktail

Carton: Length, 13,% inches ; diameter, 3'/z inches .
Bottle : Length, 9% inches ; diameter, 2jj inches .
Igniter capsule : Length, a`s 'Inch ; diameter, 238
inches .
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security GRENADES

Weights : Description : The grenade consists of a 300 ec.

green or clear glass bottle filled with an inflamma-
Grenade (complete) : 2 pounds 12 ounces . ble liquid and sealed with an ordinary crown type
BottIe (filled) : 1 pound 10.5 ounces . cap. The bottle is fitted with an adjustable rubber
Inflammable liquid : 9.5 ounces . harness which is used to hold a flat circular glass
Igniter capsule (complete): 2 ounces . igniter capsule to the base.
Igniter compound (black phosphorus) : 1 The grenade is packed in a tubular varnished
ounce. cardboard carton . The igniter capsule is well
Filling: 15 percent solution of polymethyl- protected in the container by several layers of
methacrylatc in benzene. cardboard and sawdust .

ASSEMELED

Figure 780-Phosphorus-Ignited Molotov Cocktail.

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K
Operation : A. rip cord is pulled to open the car-
ton . The igniter capsule is secured to the base of
the bottle by the rubber harness . When the gre-
nade is thrown forcibly against a hard target it
shatters and the friction between the pieces of
phosphorus causes instant ignition of the inflarn-
inable rnateriat . The viscous nature of the filling
prevents undue splashing and insures adherence
to the target .

SMOKE
rCPPCQ STAE1L!ZED TYPE 17? 3-K CE. ::--K

HCN GREHAoE CGF=EA

HC4 GRENADE CONTAIRV
ZTA©1LIZED TIP-

Figure 181-frangible H. C. N. Grenades and Frangible Smoke Grenade.

Frangible HCN Grenades

Maximum diameter ; 3 .9 inches .
Total weight : 1 .2 pounds .
Filling : Hydrocyanic acid.
Weight in filling : 12.2 fluid ounces .
Capacity : 14.5 fluid ounces .
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Description : These grenades are recognizable are closed b3" a crown cap over a rubber washer .
mainly as round glass bowls filled with HCN . 5. The copper stabilized type is carried in a
They differ in minor details . sheet, metal container and the 172 B-K and 172
1 . The copper stabilized type is round bottomed
C-K are carried in cardboard containers.
whereas the 172 B-K and 172 C-K have flat The grenades contain 12 .2 oz. of liquid which
bottoms . is about 80,c bydrocyanic acid . This is a very
2 . The copper gives one a yellow tint while the strong systemic poison .
other two appear to be light green . Operation : The grenade is thrown and on im-
3 . The copper stabilizer) type has one moulded pact the glass will break releasing the HCN . This
ring around the outside instead of two as the others gas is swift and deadly if inhaled . In such
have . quantities the gas is exceptionally nonpersistent
4. The copper stabilized type is closed by a, so these grenades are designed for use in small
crown cap over a cork stopper and the other two closed spaces such as pillboxes or tanks .

Frangible Smoke Grenade

Over-all length : 3 .3 inches .
Maximum diameter : 2 .6 inches .
Circumference : 9 .3 inches .
Color : Light yellow .
Total weight : 9 .7 ounces .
Filling : Titanium find silicon tetrachloride .
Weight of filling : 4 .1 ounces .

Description : This grenade is a flat. bottomed formation of hydroxides and hydrochloric acid .
spherical container made of clear class . It has a Operation : The grenade. is thrown and on im-
short neck closed by a red rubber stopper held pact the glass bottle breaks releasing tire fluid and
under a red rubber washer within an inner iron producing smoke . It is intended for use in
crown cap, this being enclosed by a heavier iron screening operations . - Though the filler is irritat-
outer crown cap . The filling is a. mixture of ing to the skin as a liquid, in ordinary field con-
titanium and silicon tetrachloride which will be centrations the smoke is hardly irritating enough
hydrolyzed by the moisture of the air, with the to cause coughing .

4D-mm Hallow-Charge Rifle Grenade

Over-all length: 7.98 inches .
Maximum diameter : 1 .58 inches .
Color : Black and grey.
Total weight. : 12 .45 ounces .
Filling : 50/50 RDK and TNT .
Weight of filling : 3.81 ounces .

Description : This grenade is a copy of the Ger- together and fitted with a ballistic. cap and cone
man Gross Gmvehr Panzcrgranate and is fired to give the hollow-chargt- effect . The forward
from a cup launcher attached to the standard part contains the explosive charge cast around
6.5 mm rifle. the cone. The after part which is made of
The body is cylindrical with a semieoniea.l aluminum has a rifled collar near the base and
shaped bead . It is made in two parts threaded contains the fuze and explosive train .

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JU "IEie

r. T';; "i A- .

CLC+:,?. SPC. 1 tiX

- 71 N:'t_P

XLEDF

AI<Yl,`i,, SP"IR,t.

Figure I$2--Hollow-Charge Rifle Grenades .

The fuze is held in by a base plate with a pro- The propelling charge consists of a special
truding spigot which is screwed into the base of the cartridge with a wooden bullet.
grenade . The fuze is held in position by the
spigot . The needle firing pin is secured in a hous- Operation : Ou firing, setback causes the arming
ing that has four stirrup-like springs protruding sleeve to move down and it is held down by the
from the side. Around the housing is a setback stirrup-springs which engage in the groove in the
spring held in by an arming sleeve which has arming sleeve . Centrifugal force then causes the
two sets of grooves notched on the inner side .
Holding the firing pin stationary is a coil clock clock spring to expand and the fuze is termed . On
spring which is held in by the arming sleeve. impact the firing pin housing overcomes the creep
There is also a creep spring between the firing spring and moves onto the flash cap setting of the
pin and detonator . detonator and booster .
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30-mm Hollow-Charge Rifle Grenade

Over-all length 6 .25 inches .
Maximum diameter : 1 .18 inches .
Color: Black and gray.
Total weight : 8.25 ounces .
Filling: 50/50 RDN and TNT .
Weight. of filling : 1 .75 ounces .

Description : The explosive head of the 30-mm the, exception of the threads on their forward ends.
Both grenades use the same fuze .
grenade is of the same type construction as that Operation : The operation of the 30-mm hollow-
of the 40-mm, but on a smaller scale . The spigots charge rifle grenade is identical to that of the
of the 30- and 40-mm grenades are identical with 40-min size.

Model 3 Modification 1 Rifle Grenade

Over-all length : 8 inches .
Maximum diameter : 1% inches .
Thickness of body wall : is inch.
Length of body : 2 1,', ,, inches .
Length of tail : 4%, inches .
Length of fuze : l;ie inches .
Color : Black.
Filling (main charge)
: TNT .
Weight. of filling : 3 ounces .

Description : This grenade is similar to the type 90-degree interval-, around the circumference of
99 hiska grenade with a tail assembly added . the tube.
It is designed to be fired from the spigot type The fuze body differs from the Type 91 and 97
hand grenade fuze= only in having an aluminum
rifle grenade launcher . The body and tail are
striker block into which is screwed a steel striker.
painted black . A brass shear wire through the block holds the
The grenade body is a. smooth-surfaced, cylin- striker away from the percussion cap .
drical cast steel tube . It is threaded internally The explosive train of the grenade consists of a
at the forward end to receive the cover plate . percussion cap, black powder relay, cyclomte
There is a bored opening in the base of the grenade primer, tetryl booster arid a main charge of cast
body . A cylindrical solid steel plug, threaded on TNT . The cyclonite is enclosed in a brass con-
its after end to receive the tail assembly, is pressed tainer, the tetrvl in a cardboard cylinder . Di-
into this bole. rectly under the tetryl booster there is a set-
The tail assembly consists of a stabilizer tube back buffer consisting of a felt washer and a jelly-
to which four fins are welded . The tube is con- like pellet .
structed of rolled sheet steel with a smooth weld Operation : Prior to firing the grenade from the
down the joining seam. Threads are pressed into rifle the safety fork is withdrawn . The fuze is
the forward end to correspond with those on the fully armed . On impact the brass wire through
base. plug. The four fins are of light metal. The the striker block is sheared and the steel striker
outer end of each fin is doubled back to provide a is driven into the percussion cap . The resultant
smooth exposed surface . The inner edge is bent flash ignites the black powder relay .
90 degrees and provides a surface for spot welding The fuze is instantaneous and cannot be sub-
the fin to the. tube . The fins are positioned at stituted as a. fuze for hand grenades .

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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

Remarks : A translation of the labels attached the standard combat weapons for Japanese troops .
to the stabilizer tube gives the following informa- A translation of the tag attached to the safety
tion: "This grenade can be used on rifles type 38 fork gives the following precautionary measures :
and type 99 . The wooden bullet for type 38 "Do not remove fork until ready to fire ." and
and type 99 is to be used." These two rifles are "Do not drop or otherwise strike on the nose."

srwX .XR KLO',F

, a ;_TY "c; K

CAP

j-A,IJ}iER HC_ E5

X'4^ti Yin ._.

Figure 183Model 3 Modification 1 Rifle Grenade.

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snake MIXTURE

" I(,NITER PELLET

FP,0r-ELLLii'! CX{ARGF

A5 SlU'ri e

rAA,aGF"ARL SEALING ;;ISO

Figure 184-Smoke Rifle Grenade.

Smoke Rifle Grenade

Over-all length : S% inches .

Maximum diameter : Body, 2 inches ; fins, 2?6
incises .
Color : Silver.
Total weight : 1 .29 pounds .
Filling : Hexachlorethane, 56.2 percent ; zinc, me-
tallic, 27 .E percent ; zinc chloride, 2 .9 percent ;.___
zinc oxide, 13.4 percent .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

Description : This grenade is used with a special cement covered with paraffin . There are three
adapter which fits over the end of the rifle barrel . flash ports, spaced at 120° intervals, in the bottom
It is painted silver and t4oroughly waterproofed of the base.
with coats of heavy lacquer and paraffin. The grenade tube is made of No. 1 S gage
The nose is of No . 23 gage B . and X. tin plate B. and S. seamless steel tubing and the upper end
with rolled threads to fit those on the body of the is threaded to fit the small end of the base. The
grenade . Soft iron wire is wrapped in the thread threaded joint is wrapped with adhesive tape.
groove and soldered in place, presumably to aid The tube is sealed with a paraffin impregnated
in sealing the joint . The body proper is rolled cardboard disc attached to 9 inches of heavy
from No . 23 gage B . and X . tin plate and is twine. The four fins are soldered to, and are
soldered along one longitudinal seam . Rolled equally spaced around, the tube and are of No .
threads are provided at each end to fit the threads 24 B. and X. tin plate .
on the nose and base . The motive force and primary ignition are
The base is stamped from No. 1$ gage B. and S . furnished by a standard .25fi caliber .Japanese
sheet steel and is screwed onto the body by means rifle cartridge loaded with 1 .927 grams of powder
of rolled threads . Soft iron wire is wrapped and and fitted with a wood pellet . This cartridge is
soldered into these thread grooves . The base wrapped in paper and stored irl the grenade tube.
is partially filled with plastic which bas a threaded
hole half filled with solder . The bottom plate Operation : The rifle cartridge is removed from
is held in place by a small screw imbedded in the grenade tube and inserted in the rifle . The
the solder . The igniter pellet is encased in a thin grenade is placed over the spigot adapter . When
walled brass container which is supported by the rifle is fired, the gases from the cartridge
tinplate screwed and soldered onto the body. propel the grenade and also pass thrmgh the
The four smoke ports are placed at 90° intervals flash ports to initiate the igniter pellet whicll in
around the base and are covered with light sheet turn ignites the smoke mixture . Smoke is then
metal discs which are held in place by waterproof emitted through the emission holes .

Small Incendiary RiHe Grenade

Over-all length : 10 inches .

:Maximum diameter : 1 ;8 inches .
Color : Gray with purple body band .
Total weight : 1 .01 pounds.
Filling : White phosphorus .
Weight of filling : 42 pounds .
Delay 4-5 seconds .
Description : This grenade is designed to be The barrel of the grenade is threaded at its
launched from a spigot type rifle grenade launcher forward end to take the nose piece, and at its
on the type 3$ or type 99 Japanese rifle, using a after end to receive the hemispherical end plate
cartridge having a wooden bullet. internally and the base piece externally. The
The grenade is of light, seamless, steel construc- end plate has a small hole in its center . The base
tion and has an incendiary filling of white piece is threaded at one end to screw onto the
phosphorus. The nose piece is threaded at its barrel and at the other end to screw into the
forward end to receive the fuze. A thin, metal stabilizer tube. A bakelite cushion is cast into
well extends into the filler and is soldered around the base piece to fit the hemispherical end plate .
the fuze pocket to give an air tight seal . This The stabilizer consists of a cylindrical tube
well contains the detonator and auxiliary detona- which threads onto the base piece. Four fins are
tor of the fuze, which serve as the bursting charge welded to the after section of this tube at 90°
for the grenade . intervals .

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 Figure 185-Small Incendiary Rifle Grenade.

The rolled threads, joining the barrel and base

piece and base, piece and stabilizer, are reinforced
by wrapping and soldering soft iron wire into the
thread grooves .
The fuze used in this grenade is the same as
that used in the type 97 hand grenade . ,
Operation : After the grenade has been placed
over the spigot adapter of a rifle loaded with a
cartridge having a wooden bullet, the safety pin
is removed from the grenade . When the rifle is
fired, the gases from the cartridge propel the
grenade, and the force of setback initiates the
grenade fuze. After a short delay, the fuze
detonates, rupturing the case of the grenade .

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Figure 186-Mechanical Pull Igniter.

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Chapter 3-Section 3

FIRING DEVICES AND SABOTAGE DEVICES

Introduction produced, they could have been put to very good

use by the retreating Japanese forces .
Japanese demolition equipment is similar in Some representative sabotage devices and
appearance, construction, and function, to that materials are discussed in this section as illustra-
used by the Allies, and can be considered com- tions of the types of materials used by the
pletely adequate for its intended use . The Japanese for this purpose .
devices covered in this section are standard types As in the case of land mines, the Japanese
and were in widespread use throughout the war. did a great deal of improvising with demolition
Several long delay demolition devices were material in order that it might be put to special
devised by both the Japanese Army and Navy, uses. Consequently, a very great variety of .
but were used only in very rare instances . These combinations and uses of materials was found. In
devices employed chemical delays and mechanical general, Japanese materials of this type were
clockwork delays. They were of sound design and good, but their employment was often faulty and
construction . Had these devices been mass inefficient .

Mechanical Full Igniter

Over-all length : 33{, inches .
Maximum diameter: 1%, inch .
Color : Dark gray.
Material of construction : Steel.
Description : The igniter body is made in two
sections . The forward section, which contains
the primer cap and a black powder relay, threads
into the after section and is staked in place .
The after section houses the firing assembly
whose components are a two-piece striker, striker
spring, safetypin, and lanyard . The juncture of
the. two striker sections is effected by a notched
joint. The striker spring bears against the. igniter
body and the striker flange . The safety pin is
inserted through holes in the igniter body and the
after section of the striker to which the lanyard is
attached .
Employment : Not known. Could be used as a
pull firing device for booby traps . ,
Operation : Before firing, remove the safety pin .
A pull on the lanyard draws the striker to the rear
compressing the striker spring. Wben the notched
joint of the striker is drawn past the end of the
igniter body, the forward section of the striker is
disengaged and driven forward by the compressed
striker spring, The striker impinges upon the
primer cap which ignites the black powder relay .
To render safe : Insert safety pin and cut trip
wire if present.
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tube crimped into the brass outer case. Tied

through the eye on the cap is a heavy cotton cord
to assist in pulling . Tho cap is not threaded but
slides off .
Employment : These igniters are designed to
ignite safety fuze but can be used with a detonator
to ignite trip wire booby traps,
Operation : When the sanded end of the p1211
string is drawn through the igniter composition, it
ignites and flashes through the igniter body .

Waterproof Safety-Fuze Igniter

Igniter length : 4',a inch .

I;niter diameter : inch.
Description : This igniter has a brass case with
a percussion cap and a nipple to which safety
fuze or a nonelectric blasting cap can be attached

acp Tr?; ELaGK TYH

Figure 187-Friction Pull ¬gniters,

Friction Pull Igniters

Red type Black type
(Inches) ,Inches)
Igniter length_ --------- 2% 3 Sts
1-niter diameter 5
Sleeve length ----------- 1'ei 1=9'32
Sleeve diameter --------- 7/

Construction : Red Type : This igniter is com-

posed of a brass body with a red plastic outer
sleeve . At one end a screw cap is fitted with an
eye for attaching a pull or trip cord . Attached to
the inside of this cover is a short pull staring which
projects through a small pellet of friction ignition
composition . The end of the igniter into which
a safety fuze is crimped is covered with a piece of
tinfoil to keep out moisture . The ignition pellet
is contained in a brass tube crimped into the brass
outer case.
Black Type : This igniter differs only slightly
from the red igniter . The brass case is slightly
longer and the black plastic sleeve slightly larger .
The sleeve over the case has fourteen depressions
or rings around it to give the hand a firm grip .
The red igniter has only one ring. As in the red
igniters, the ignition pellet is contained in a brass figure 188Waterproof Safety-Fuse Igniter.
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RESTRICTED FIRING DEVICES AND SABOTAGE DEVICES
Security Idormatiop

at one end . and a small hole at the opposite end signal bombs and as an igniter for booby traps .
through which the knobbed head of the release pin Operation : A pull on the cord attached to the
protrudes . The firing assembly consists of a release pin draws the release pin and a portion of
release pin and striker connected by a notched the striker throuffh the release-pin hole, com-
joint and surrounded by the firing spring . This pressing the striker spring . The release pin is
igniter has no safety pin, but, depends for its disengaged from the striker when the notched
safety factor upon the fact that the firing spring joint connecting the two parts clears the release
is not compressed until a pull is exerted on the pin hole. The striker is then driven forward by
release pin . the compressed striker spring and impinges on the
Employment : This igniter is used in smoke primer cap,

Trigger-Type Safety-Fuse Igniter

Description : The igniter consists of the housing,
firing assembly, and scar lever . The housing is a
brass body into one end of which is screwed and
soldered a steel base having a. bayonet joint for
locking a primer cap and fuze to the assembly .
The opposite end of the body is internally threaded
to take the hollow closing plug. This closing plug
fits over and secures t.1w knurled safety ring avid a
spring washer which prevents the" safety ring from
slipping . The safety ring has an internal and ex-
ternal cut-away section . The internal section
engages a grub screw on the closing plug, and so
limits the distance through which the safety- ring
can be turned . The external section is beneath
the trigger of the sear when it is properly positioned
for cocking or firing .

The firing assembly consists of a striker and Operation : To cock the device, rotate the
striker spring within the housing, and a lanyard safety ring until the external cut-away portion is
eve which is threaded onto the after end of the opposite the trigger . A pull on the lanyard will
striker. A lariy and is attached to the lanyard eye . then retract the striker and striker spring . The
The sear lever is a steel bar which is pivoted on scar rides over the flange on the striker and is
a double supporting lug attached to the igniter forced to drop in front of the flange by the plunger
body. One end of the lever bears the sear which and spring . The, sear then holds the striker and
passes through a rectangular hole in the igniter spring in thcX cocked position . By rotating the
body to engage. the striker flange when the striker
safety ring so that its solid portion is beneath the
is retracted . The opposite end of the lever is
trigger, the firing'device is on "Safe" and the
flattened to form a trigger . A spring-loaded
plunger is set, into a round hole in the body and trigger cannot be depressed . Tl:e device is con-
closing plug. This plunger bears against the trig- nected to the primer ca.p and fuze by means of thu
ger keeping the sear depressed . The plunger and bayonet. joint in the base .
spring also lock the closing plug and the body To fire the device, turn the safety ring so that
together. the cut-away section is beneath the trigger .
Employment : This device is used to ignite Depressing the trigger disengages the, sear from
safety fuse and could possibly be used as a pressure the striker flange allowing the, cocked striker to
igniter for booby traps . move forward and impinge upo3i the primer .

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SA :ET- - .  Xi
. CEuSINX : . JIG

rK I SGf9

SPrr?3G EC :+Ge :1 FLL:NuEr;

=_X5 n:v

SEAR LEYEX

Figure 1$9-Trigger-Type Safety Fuse Igniter.

To render safe : Turn the safety ring to the Very little pressure is required to depress the
"Safe" position and detach the primer and fuze trigger.
from the bayonet joint in the base of the igniter,

Booby-Trap Firing Device

Over-all length : 5% inches .

Diameter : 1,14 inches.
Weight : 2 pounds 6 ounces .
Color : Black.
Material of construction : Cast iron.
Description : The body is turned out of a solid striker which is held in position by a safety pin
1 t2-inch, cast-iron bar. It houses a spring-loaded and a release pin . The safety pin fits through the
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security Information

SAFETY PO

:;TRiK.cR SeRX#X

SHUrn[r

'r;Lt".ASF F ; ;i 'vX' klt:n

::'".FIF.rr<

CAST IRON

..7o A E .FMFJ 1

Figure 190-Booby-Trap Firing Device.

. aft end of the striker projecting out of the upper Operation : Device screwed into bomb, pull wire
part of the body. The release, pin extends through attached to release pin, and safety- pin removed .
the bodv and the shoulder of the striker . The Pull on the wire removes release pin which frees
explosive train consists of a. 6.5-min cartridge case
into which is wedged a blasting cap with the open the striker .
end facing the cartridge cap . The cartridge case To render safe : If the release pin is still in posi-
is wedged into the base of the firing device . tion with a trip wire attached, insert a pin through
Employment : The threaded base fits the fuze
cavity of a 20-pound British bomb. This device the safety pin hole., cut the trip wire and ujiscrew
is very easily adapted for booby traps . the device from the bomb .

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UT7 ;X!X XA ;C3

wNDAG ;
:UT

."MS'D "aid'_
;
'
WCAG CMACT AMIS

24 15 UM
TYPE 99 LX%G NtA'i CLO;K

OMMGSWT

SEMW WAL

FTM3 MUCT
MATEME CM

X-X
i X BaTTEPLY X, MPARTYE4T

Figure 191-Demolition Clocks.

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Twenty-Four-Hour Demolition Clock

This clock will fire a charge electrically after a
delay of up to 24 hours . It has two bridging
contact arms which ride on two semicircular
electrical contacts connected by leads through a
battery to the charge . The relation of the two
arms to each other governs the amount of delay,
They may be set only in one hour increments.
No outer protective case for the working parts
of the clock is provided .

Type 99 Long-Delay Demolition Clock

This clock is electrically wound and fires its
charge electrically . It has a maximum delay time
of 10 ;2 days, and winds itself every 49i minutes .
Setting is accomplished by rotating the graduated
dial to the desired delay time. At completion . of
the delay time, a spring-loaded contact arm drops
into an aperture on the outer rim of the dial, and
closes the firing circuit .
Additional gear trains and setting dials may be
provided in some cases to extend delay time to
80 or 60 days .
Power for the operation of the clock and firing
of the charge is provided by a battery contained
in the clock's wooden protective case..

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TYPE 92 7 DAY CLOCK

Figure 192-Demolition Clocks.

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Seven-and-One-Half-Day Demolition Clock

Apparently of European design, this clock is
smaller and more finely made than any of the
others . It is hand wound by means of an attached
key, and is set by means of a ratchet bearing
against the outer edge of the dial. The dial is
graduated in one hour intervals to 7'M days. The
clock fires when a trigger arm fails into an aperture
on the circumference of the dial, releasing the
spring-loaded striker. The striker aperture is
threaded on the inside to take a, blasting cap, and
on the outside to take a demolition block .

Type 92 Seven-Day Demolition Clock

This is a spring-driven clock with settings up
to 7 days . It is capable of firing a charge either
electrically or mechanically . Electric leads con-
nect the contacts on the. clock through a battery
to the charge . At the base of the clock is a
receptacle for safety fuze which is used if the clock
is to fire its charge, mechanically . A graduated
ring is provided - at the base of the clock for the
purpose of setting delay time.
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CUPRIC MURIDE BOTTLE

Figure 193-Time Firing Device Mk 1 .

Time Firing Device Mk 1

Length (wiihout gaine) : 33, inches .
Maximum diameter : 1 inch .
Length of gaine : 2Y inches .
Diameter of gaine : Ye inch .
Color: Brown or transparent.
Material of construction : Plastic.
Description : Two variations of this device have The body of the device is internally partitioned
been found that differ only in the color of their into three sections, and is closed at each end by
plastic cases and the diameter of their firing pin a threaded plastic closing plug . The upper
retaining wire . One model has a brown, opaque, section, a chemical tank, is empty except for
plastic body and a retaining wire 0.035 inch in a small anchor block to which the firing pin
diameter, while the other has a transparent plastic retaining wire is secured . A small screw holds
body and a retaining wire 0.042 inch in diameter. the anchor block in position . A compressed firing

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spring is contained in the center section and Description : The internal design of this device
continues into the lower section where it is seated closely resembles that of the Japanese Navy C-i
against the firing pin. The firing pin is held in (a) tail fuze . The bakelite outer casing houses
position by the firing pin retaining wire. A the mechanical parts of the internal assembly .
gum-like substance which covers the top of the This internal assembly can be divided into three
firing pin spring seals the upper section against primary sections. The top section is the plunger,
possible leakage of the chemical that activates which has a locking decent in its side and is fitted
the device . The only safety device used is a light on the bottom with two spikes for piercing the
metal sleeve inserted in the lower section between solvent tank. A safety fork, which is inserted
the firing pin and the detonator . The gaine is through the outer casing and the plunger, pre-
threaded into the bottom closing plug . vents accidental depression of the plunger and the
A small bottle of the activating chemical, cupric consequent starting of the delay action .
chloride, is carried in a separate cardboard con- The central section contains the solvent tank,
tainer . striker spring, striker, striker detent, and soluble
Employment : Not known. Recovery of a hand plug. The upper end of the striker spring bears
auger of approximately the same diameter as the against a stud on the plunger while the lower end
game -with the device strongly suggests that it can bears against the striker. The striker is held in
be used in preparing wells in almost any explosive the unfired position by the striker decent which is
charge to receive the device . in turn held in contact with the grooved striker
Operation : Remove. the safety sleeve and re- body by a soluble plug.
place the. bottom closing plug . Pour the cupric
chloride into the top of the device and replace, the
top closing plug . The resulting chemical reac-
tion between the cupric chloride and the firing
pin retaining wire. weakens the wire, which finally
snaps allowing the spring-loaded firing pin to :.i;FX'X FCFK

impinge upon the detonator . DFTF0

Firing tests conducted with the transparent fir-

ing devices using varying amounts of chemical
gave the following results :
Tank one-fourth full------ 63 minutes .
Tank one-half full-------- Tank leaked .
ST66 " fP SI'RINC

Tank three.-fourths full____ 53 minutes . Si:LC'° c R'-C

Tank full---------------- 45 minutes .

Corresponding tests with the brown device sTRXt X.

should give a shorter delay due to the smaller sized

firing pin retaining wire which it uses .
To render safe : Destroy in situ if possible or
remove the device from the charge and dispose of
it immediately .

Chemical Delay Firing Device

Over-all length : 10 inches .
Maximum diameter: ?.5 inches .
Color : Black.
'Material of construction : Bakelite .
Length of black powder delay : 6 seconds . --- figure 194--Chemicol Delay Firing Device .
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JAPANESE EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE

The lower section houses the firing train whose release the solvent . -The depression of the plunger
components are a primer, a pressed black powder also compresses the striker spring . The plunger
delay train, a vaine from a 25-mm projectile fuze, is locked in the depressed position by the detent
and a tetryl booster . ih its side which engages a notch in the outer cas
The delay time of this device is not known as ing . The solvent softens the soluble plug allowing
the solvent ampoule was not recovered . The the striker detent to be cammed outward to free
purpose of the black powder delay train is also not the striker . The compressed striker spring forces
definitely known . the striker into the primer initiating the firing
Employment : Not known. train .
Operation : To fire, remove the safety fork and To render safe : Destroy in situ if possible,
depress the plunger . This action causes the spikes otherwise remove device from charge and dispose
on the plunger to pierce the solvent tank and of it immediately .

Explosive Toothpaste Tube

Length : 6.87 inches .
Width : 2 inches (approximately) .
Explosive : RDX, 80 .2 percent ; mineral oil and
wax, 19 .8 percent .
Weight of explosive : 4 .23 ounces.
Description The "Tube of Toothpaste" is an over tetryl . The brass plug is threaded externally
unpainted, tin tube which contains an explosive to receive a safety cap, and internally at the oppo-
filling and takes a separately packed ignition site end to take the delay tube. The detonator is
device, The tube is closed by a screwed cap. crimped into the delay tube .
The ignition device consists primarily of a brass Operation : Remove the screw cap from the
plug which contains a match composition, a brass tube, insert the igniting device, remove the safety
tube housing the black powder delay train, and a cap, and strike the match composition against a
brass detonator tube filled with mercury fulminate rough surface .

saFETV CAP

FAFER FACKINC

TINFO3L

ICNITING CCMPCSITICN

BRASS PLUG

CYCLONITE

CETCNATCR TUBC

DELAY CONTAINER -

MERCURY FULVINATC

TETRYL

DETONATOR TUBE

Figure 19r-Explosive Toothpaste rube.

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Figure 796-Explosive Coal.

Explosive Coal
Length : 3 inches (approximately) .
Width : 2 inches (approximately) .
Color : Black.
Explosive : RDX .
Description : These devices consist of thin
earthenware containers of irregular sizes and
shapes coated with a bitumin type of paint to give
them the appearance of anthracite coal. Each
container is filled with explosive and contains an
igniter. The igniter is a copper tube with a
detonator at one end and a small black powder
charge at the other end placed next to the con-
tainer wall.
Close examination of a single piece of explosive
coal will allow identification, but it is virtually
impossible to detect when mixed with real coal.
Operation : When exposed to fire, the heat
eventually ignites the black powder which in turn
sets off the detonator and main charge .
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BLASTfNG CAP CZPRUGaTED PAPER

Git CCtaTAiNEi35 CYCLCN i TE

- ADAPTER

;XbkA55 PLUG

SAFETY FUSE

FRiCTICN IG4d1TER

iGNITEfl CCMPG5ITIGN

Figure 197-Explosive Food Cans.

Explosive Food Cans

Length: 4}2' inches .

Diameter : 3'a inches .
Explosive : RDX, 78 .3 percent ; mineral oil, `?1 .7
percent .
Weight of explosive : 1 .37 pounds .
Description : Three types of explosive food cans the side of the can . This label gives the weight
have been recovered, whose main difference lies of the can as 1 pound 4 ounces . The interior of
in the spurious food labels which conceal the true the can is lined with thick brown paper. Two
nature of the can . The. "tin of strawberries" is rectangular metal containers filled with heavy
typical and consists of a standard No. 2 can filled mineral oil are placed 'in the main filling on either
with high explosive . The tin bears a cleverly side of the igniter pocket.
counterfeited "Libby's Strawberries" label, which Two smaller 14-ounce cans labeled "Libby's
covers and conceals the threaded igniter pocket in Long Slices Fancy Pineapple" and "Del Monte
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Mixed Salad Vegetables," which are similar to brass sleeve containing a friction pull igniter, and
the "Strawberry" can in all respects except -size a detonator . This last igniter has no delay and
and label, have been recovered . can be used only if the charge is placed as a booby
All the types of charges can be used either as trap.
sabotage devices or booby traps depending on the
type of initiating system used . One common Operation : The label of the can is removed or
initiator has a scratch type igniter, a safety fuse perforated to expose the igniter pocket into which
delay (about 1 minute), and a detonator. Another
the igniter is threaded. The activation of the
consists of a brass sleeve containing a scratch type
igniter, an integral short delay train, and a det- igniter sets off the delay, if present, which fires the
onator. The third type of igniter consists of a detonator and the main charge..

Metal Incendiary Cylinders

Length : fi3a inches.
Diameter : 2s{ inches .
Incendiary mixture : Thermite .

figure 198-Metal Incendiary Cylinders.

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Description : These cylinders are constructed of Both igniters are of conventional design and
a light unidentified metal . They are filled with both employ a delay element and a 5-gram. first
thermite and have an igniter located in the center fire charge of antimony sulphide, aluminum, and
of the top section . potassium chlorate. A circular piece of wood
with rough sides is provided as a scratch block
Four types of cylinders have been recovered
for the scratch type igniter. The block is wrapped
which differ as to type of casings and igniters . in waxed paper and taped to the top of the cylin-
One casing is a plain cylinder, while the other type ders in which it is used .
has vents around the top to allow more rapid Operation : Place the charge and initiate the
escape of the thermite. Both casings can be fitted igniter. After the delay time has expired, the
with either a friction pull igniter or a scratch type first fire charge and then the main incendiary
igniter. charge are ignited in turn.

Figure 199-incendiary Brick.

Incendiary Brick
Size: Same as standard building brick .
Incendiary mixture : Potassium chlorate, sulphur,
ground coal or sugar, iron filings and wax .
Description : This device is a skillful imitation
of a standard, glazed building brick to which it
is comparable in size, weight, and appearance.
The brick is wax coated with paint to give it a
realistic finish and so allow it to be carried about
without detection. There is no pocket for in-
sertion of an igniter .
Operation : The incendiary brick is ignited in point to allow the acid to burn through quickly.
various ways, all of which are alike in principle . When the acid burns through the tube, it drips
One method is to pour sulphuric acid and glycerine onto a small amount of potassium permangenate
into a thin rubber tube which is weakened at one which ignites the brick .
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Incendiary Soap
Length : 4.17 inches .
Width: 2 .67 inches .
Thickness : 1 .45 inches,
Weight : 14 ounces .
Incendiary mixture : Barium nitrate, 30 .4 percent ;
paraffin, 19 .4 percent ; magnesium, 11 .3 percent ;
aluminum, 11 .1 percent ; rosin, 10.9 percent ;
terrosoferric oxide, 9.1 percent ; nitrocellulose,
4.4 percent ; gritty siliceous material, 2 .6 percent .

Figure 200-4ncendiary Soup.

Description : This incendiary bar is specifically

designed to resemble a bar of "Ivory" soap. The
word "Ivory" is stamped on one side and "Proctor
and Gamble" on the. other . The bar burns with
an intense flame, but is easily extinguished by
water. It is difficult to ignite.
No method of ignition has been found, but it
is probable that some type of ignition device is
inserted into the recess in the side of the bar.

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7; ll, 5 . GOVFRNMENT PRIITING OFFICE : G-1953