WORKSHEET

I. Fill in each blank with a suitable word

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Replace the underlined with a suitable phrasal verb

Fill in each blank with a suitable word

In any given population, about ten percent of the people are left-handed and this figure
…………. relatively stable over time. So-called “handedness” …………… in families, but what
causes it and why the proportion of left-handed ………….. right-handed people is a constant
…………….. are still a mystery. One thing we do know is that hand dominance is ……………..
to brain asymmetry; and it seems to be generally agreed that the human brain is profoundly
asymmetric, and that understanding ……………. this works will tell us much about who we are
and how our brains work. Brain function is distributed into he left and right hemispheres, and
this is crucial for ……………. language, thought, memory, and perhaps even creativity. For
right-handed people, language activity is mainly ……………. the left side. Many left-handers
also have left-side language dominance, but a significant ……………… may have language
either more evenly distributed in both hemispheres or else predominantly on the right side of the
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brain. ………………… left-handedness is seen as a ………… to the complex anatomy of the
brain, scientists are searching for links to other conditions, including immune disorders, learning
disabilities, and reduced life expectancy.

Fill in each blank with a suitable word

Computer viruses have been a fact of life at least ……….. the 1980s, ……….. not before. They
can cause companies to lose hours of working ………… and they can also spread panic
………… computer users everywhere. There are, however, several distinct types of computer
infection – all loosely ………… to as viruses – and they each work in a slightly different
………… . A particularly nasty one is the worm, which is a program designed to ………… its
way into an entire computer network, and reproduce ………… over and over again. Then there
is the Trojan, which strictly speaking isn’t a ………… , but a piece of software that appears to
………… one thing, but actually does something malicious ………… . When the unsuspecting
operator introduces ………… into the computer, the alien program will ………… over the
machine. With Trojans you have to be particularly careful because they can often be introduced
………… way of a message advertising an anti-virus product. So ………… motivates someone
to introduce a virus into the computer systems of innocent victims? Perhaps it’s simply the desire
to ………… that it can be done. Or because it gives the kind of pleasure you ………… from
solving a difficult problem – nowadays people protect their computers with all ………… of
security software, so it takes considerable skill to break ………… all the defences and introduce
a virus.

II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (50PS)

I. Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct answer (A, B, C or D).
1. Salt and ice can be used to _______ food.
A. contaminate B. pollute C. include D. preserve
2. Ask Tom to give you a hand lifting the suitcase. He is as strong as _______.
A. an elephant B. a buffalo C. a gorilla D. a horse
3. Have you sold ______ of those shirts yet?
A. out B. off C. on D. for
4. ______I to have known there is such an appropriate curriculum, I would have registered for it
at the beginning.
A. If B. Do C. Were D. Providing
5. When you do something, you should _______.
A. weigh up the pros and cons B. turn over a new leaf
C. go down well with it D. get through to it
6. I made no impression on you at school as I was neither an excellent student nor a(n)
______one.
A. good B. disruptive C. original D. compulsory
7. By the time I was told about the terrible affair, I _______ in what he often said to me.
A. believed B. was believing
C. would have believed D. had believed
8. "How is the traffic there?" -"______."
A. No matter B. Absolutely C. Not too bad D. Good idea
9. "Is the course interesting?" -"______."
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 A. Agreed B. Ready C. Really D. Absolutely
10. All three TV channels provide extensive ____ of sporting events.
A. broadcast B. network C. coverage D. vision
11. They seemed to be ____ to the criticism and just carried on as before.
A. disinterested B. sensitive C. uncaring D. indifferent
12. “Shall we go out tonight?” - “____”
A. Yes, I can B. Yes, we are C. Yes, we go D. Yes, let’s
13. It's no use ___ over ___ milk.
A. crying/ spilt B. to cry/ spilling
C. crying/ spilling D. crying/ to spill
14. They are fighting to eradicate the _________________ of starvation caused by the civil war.
A. leaving B. legacy C. remains D. tradition
15. The tracker stalked the tiger for days but the animal capture.
A. missed B. slipped C. jumped D. eluded
16. This book will be a delight to readers of science fiction.
A amateur B. skilled C seasoned D. loving
17. A considerable of folklore has built up regarding the magical properties of sites such
as Stonehenge.
A. pile B. body C. doctrine D. culture
18. Closure of schools took place falling numbers of pupils.
A. in the context of B. with regard to
C. with a concern for D. in consideration of
19. Don't worry - the documents are safe lock and key at my place
A. under B. on C. in D. within
20 for Tom's opposition, we would have agreed to the contract.
A. Be it not B. Would it not have been
C. Should it not have been D. Had it not been
II. Each line of the following passage has one mistake related to either grammar or
vocabulary usage. Find and correct them.
Air pollution is a cause for ill – health in human beings. It a lot of countries, there are laws
limited the amount of smoke which factories can produce. Because there isn't enough
information on the amount of smoke in the atmosphere, doctors have proved that air pollution
makes lung cancer. The gases from the exhausts of cars have also risen air pollution in most
cities. The lead in petrol produces a poisoned gas which often collects in busy streets
surrounding by high buildings. Children who live in areas where there is a lot of lead in the
atmosphere cannot think as quick as other children and they are clumsy where they use their
hands. There are long-term effects of pollution. If the gases in the atmosphere continues to
increase, the earth's climate will become warmer. A lot of ice near the Poles may water and may
cause serious floods.
III. Fill in each blank with a suitable PREPOSITION or PARTICLE.
1. The teenager took his father’s credit card and ran ................................ 7,000 dollars’ worth of
purchases.

2. Don’t believe her when she says she’s got stomachache. She’s putting it .......................... .
She just wants to get out of going to school.
3. I’ve always found his attitude ......................................... me rather puzzling.
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4. If you want to have an evening out, the child is sure to be quite safe ......................... the care
of a baby sitter.
5. The younger worker can be trusted ............................... the work, he won’t spoil it.
6. Frank was not cut _________ the job of a policeman because of his excitable character.
7. Have the authorities finished looking ___________ the cause of the explosion yet?
8. It’s impossible to live on the low unemployment benefit I come_____ from the government.
9. Everybody put Mr. Spark’s success ________ his extraordinary cleverness at persuading
people to entrust their money with him.
10. Many a change has been brought ___________ in the climate by global warming.
IV. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.
Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds
that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be
confused with minerals, which are (1. organic) ......................in their makeup. Although in
general the naming of vitamins followed the (2. alphabet)................................ order of their (3.
identify) .............................................the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be
somewhat random and (4. organize) ..................................... .
Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces
sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet.
Although each vitamin has its specific (5. designate) .............................................. and cannot be
replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of
another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.
The best way for an individual to (6. sure) ............................ a necessary supply of vitamins is to
maintain a balanced diet that includes a (7. vary)............................................... of foods and
provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements,
predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are (8.
equal) ............................. to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not
need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an
existing deficiency due to (9. balance) .................................... diet, to provide vitamins known to
be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. (10.
specify) .................................., caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as
vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard
over a period of time.
PART III. READING
I. Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable word or phrase for each
space
English spelling
Why does English spelling have a reputation for being difficult? English was first written
down when Christian monks came to England in Anglo-Saxon (1) ______ .They used the 23
letters of Latin to write down the sounds of Anglo-Saxon speech as they heard it.
However, English has a (2) ______ range of basic sounds (over 40) than Latin. The alphabet
was too small, and so combinations of letters were needed to (3) ______ the different sounds.
Inevitably, there were inconsistencies in the way that letters were combined.
With the Norman invasion of England, the English language was put (4) ______ risk. English
survived, but the spelling of many English words changed to follow French patterns, and many
French words were (5) ______ into the language. The result was more irregularity.

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 When the printing press was (6) ______ in the fifteenth century, many early printers of
English texts spoke other first languages. They (7) ______ little effort to respect English
spelling. Although one of the short-term effects of printing was to produce a number of variant
spellings, in the long term it created fixed spellings. People became used to seeing words spelt in
the same way. Rules were (8) ______ and dictionaries were put together which printers and
writers could refer to. However, spoken English was not fixed and continued to change slowly -
just as it still does now. Letters that were sounded in the Anglo-
Saxon period, like the 'k' in 'knife', now became (9) ______. Also, the pronunciation of vowels
then had (10) _____ in common with how they sound now, but the way they are spelt hasn't
changed.
1. A. ages B. centuries C. times D. years
2. A. deeper B. longer C. thicker D. wider
3. A. explain B. express C. perform D. tell
4. A. at B. in C. on D. under
5. A. announced B. found C. introduced D. started
6. A. discovered B. invented C. made up D. taken up
7. A. brought B. did C. made D. put
8. A. drawn up B. filled in C. got across D. handed out
9. A. dump B. quiet C. silent D. speechless
10. A. much B. many C. few D. little
II. Fill in each blank with one suitable word. Write your answers in the spaces bellow.
Is Photography Dead?
For a long time in the past photography was not regarded as an art. It was simply a skill and it
was criticized for being too mechanical and not creative enough. At last, however, photography
is now accepted as a unique and very important (1)........of art.
The photograph's claim to be an objective record of reality is now seriously challenged, and
the important function of photography in modern-day society is consequently (2) ......threat. The
threat has suddenly become all the more serious as more and more photographers are (3)....... to
the new technology which computers offer.
Moreover, a (n) (4) ........ number of colleges have now begun to offer (5) ....... in computer
imaging. All these developments (6)........ a disturbing question. Is photography, as we know
(7)......., dead?
In spite of its complete transformation by new technological developments, however,
photography will continue to play a (8) ........role in our culture. Although it may no longer
(9)........ to be realistic, modern photography can continue to provide us with fresh visral
(10) .........about ourselves and the world in which we live.
III. Read the following passage and choose the best answer
Staggering tasks confronted the people of the United States, North and South, when the
Civil War ended. About a million and a half soldiers from both sides had to be demobilized,
readjusted to civilian life, and reabsorbed by the devastated economy. Civil government also
had to be put back on a peace time basis and interference from the military had to be stopped.
The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be
undertaken also in the North, though less spectacularly. Industries had to adjust to peacetime
conditions: factories had to be retooled for civilian needs.
Financial problems loomed large in both the North and the South. The national debt had shot
up from a modest $65 million in 1861, the year the war started, to nearly $3 billion in 1865, the
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year the war ended. This was a colossal sum for those days but one that a prudent government
could pay. At the same time, war taxes had to be reduced to less burdensome levels.
Physical devastation caused by invading armies, chiefly in the South and border states, had to
be repaired. This herculean task was ultimately completed, but with discouraging slowness.
Other important questions needed answering. What would be the future of the four million
Black people who were freed from slavery? On what basis were the Southern states to be
brought back into the Union?
What of the Southern leaders, all of whom were liable to charges of treason? One of these
leaders, Jefferson Davis, president of the Southern Confederacy, was the subject of an insulting
popular Northern song, "Hang Jeff Davis from a Sour Apple Tree", and even children sang it.
Davis was temporarily chained in his prison cell during the early days of his two-year
imprisonment. But he and the other Southern leaders were finally released, partly because it was
unlikely that a jury from Virginia, a Southern Confederate state, would convict them. All the
leaders were finally pardoned by President Johnson in 1868 in an effort to help reconstruction
efforts precede with as little bitterness as possible.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Wartime expenditures
B. Problems facing the United States after the war
C. Methods of repairing the damage caused by the war
D. The results of government efforts to revive the economy
2. The word "Staggering" is closest in meaning to
A. specialized B. confusing C. various D. overwhelming
3. The word "devastated" is closest in meaning to
A. developing B. ruined C. complicated D. fragile
4 According to the passage, which of the following statements about the damage in the South is
correct?
A. It was worse than in the North. B. The cost was less than expected.
C. It was centred in the border states. D. It was remedied rather quickly.
5. The passage refers to all of the following as necessary steps following the Civil War EXCEPT
A. helping soldiers readjust B. restructuring industry
C. returning government to normal D. increasing taxes
6. The word "task" refers to
A. raising the tax level B. sensible financial choices
C. wise decisions about former slaves D. reconstruction of damaged areas
7. Why does the author mention a popular song ?
A. To give an example of a Northern attitude towards the South
B. To illustrate the Northern love of music
C. To emphasize the cultural differences between the North and the South
D. To compare the Northern and Southern presidents
8. The word "them” refers to
A. charges B. leaders C. days D. irons
9. Which of the following can be inferred from the phrase "...it was unlikely that a jury from
Virginia, a Southern Confederate state, would convict them"?
A. Virginians felt betrayed by Jefferson Davis. B. A popular song insulted Virginia.
C. Virginians were loyal to their leaders.
D. All of the Virginia military leaders had been put in chains.
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10. It can be inferred from the passage that President Johnson pardoned the Southern leaders in
order to
A. raise money for the North B. repair the physical damage in the South
C. prevent Northern leaders from punishing more Southerners
D. help the nation recover from the war
IV. Read the text below carefully and then do the following exercises. Testing 1, 2,
3, …
A. These are testing times. In both education and the field of work, the prevailing wisdom apears
to be: if it moves, test it and if doesn’t, well, test it anyway. I say wisdom, but it has become
rather an absession. In addition to the current obstacles, like GCSEs, A-levels, GNVQs, ONDs,
and HNDs, not to mention the interviews and financial hurdles that school-leavers have to
overcome in order to access higher education, students are facing the threat of “new tests”,
Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)
B. SATs are being imported from the United States, where they have been in use for nearly a
hundred years. As a supplement to A-levels, the tests purport to give students from poor
backgrounds a better chance of entering university. SATs are intended to remove the huge social
class bias that exists in British universities. But, in fact, they are, no more than an additional
barrier for students. The tests, which masquerade as IQ tests, are probably less diagnostic of
student potential than existing examinations, and, more seriously, are far from free of the bias
that the supporters pretend.
C. First of all, as for any other tests, students will be able to take classes to cram for SATs,
which again will advantage the better-off. At a recent conference of the Prefessional Association
of Teachers, it was declared that school exams and tests are biased toward middle-class children.
Further, the content of the tests in question is not based on sound scientific theory, merely on a
pool of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), set up by a group of item writers.
D. The questions in SATs are tested on a representative sample of children. Those which
correlate with the school grades of the children are kept, and the rest discarded. This is highly
unsatisfactory. There is also evidence that in MCQs tests women are at a disadvantage, because
of the way they think, i.e. they can see a wider picture. And it is worth noting that MCQs are
only as good as the people who write them; so, unless the writers are highly trained, those who
are being tested are being judged against the narrow limitations of the item writers.
E. Globalisation has introduced greater flexibility into the workplace, but the educational system
has not been so quick off the mark. But there are signs that times are a changing. Previously,
students took exams at the end of academic terms, or at fixed dates periodically throughout the
year. Now, language examinations like the TOEFL, IELTs and the Pitman ESOL exams can be
taken much more frequently. The IELTs examination, for example, is run a test centre
throughout the world subject to demand. Where the demand is high, the test is held more
frequently. At present, in London, it is possible for students to sit the exam about four times a
week.
F. Flexible assessment like the IELTs has been mooted in other areas. It has been suggested that
the students may in future be able to walk into a public library or other public building and take
assessment test for a range of skills on a computer. The computer will dispense an instant
assessment and a certificate. The beauty of this system is the convenience.
Questions 1 – 5: This reading passage has 6 paragraphs (A-F). Choose the most suitable
heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate number
(1-10) next to the paragraph. One of the headings has been done for you.
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Note: There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them.
YOU MAY USE ANY HEADING MORE THAN ONCE
0. Paragraph A ___9____ Paragraph B _________ Paragraph C _________
Paragraph D_________ Paragraph E _________ Paragraph F _________
List of Headings
1. Assessment in the future
2. The theory behind MCQs
3. Problem with SATs
4. Misuse of testing in School
5. The need for computer assessment
6. The benefits of SATs
7. Testing in workplace
8. The sortcoming of MCQs
9. Too much testing
10. Flexibility in language tesing
Question 6- 10: Read the passage again and then decide whether the following statements
agree with the information in the reading or not. Write:
Yes if the statement agrees with the information in the passage.
No if the statement contradicts the information in the passage
No Information if there is no information about the statement in the passage.
Example:
0. SATs is the abbreviation of Scholastic Aptitude Tests .
Answer: Yes
6. In the fields of education and work the prevailing wisdom seems to be to test everything.
7. Research in genetics refutes the theory that people are predestined to follow certain careers.
8. Psychometric testing is favoured by headmaster and mistresses in many high schools.
9. The writer of this article is in favour of testing in general.
10. According to the writer, students get benefits from SATs

PART V. WRITING (50PS)

I. Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that the second sentence has the same
meaning as the first one.
1. Something must be done quickly to solve the problem of homelessness.
--> Urgent .................................................................................
2. I simply fail to understand some of my colleague‟s attitudes to work.
-->I have some colleagues ...................................................
3. I did not realize how much he was influenced by his brother.
-->I did not realize the extent ....................................................
4. Mass tourism has been one of the causes of the environmental problems.
-->Mass tourism is ....................................................................
5. It was six months since I stopped subscribing to that magazine.
-->I cancelled ................................................................
6. These books are on loan from the British Council library.
-->These books have ...................................................................

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II. Rewrite the following sentences with the given words in such a way that the second
sentence has the same meaning as the first one. Do not change the form of the word in
brackets
1. These two makes of computer are practically the same. (hardly)
................................................................................................................................
2. His smooth manner didn’t deceive us. (taken)
................................................................................................................................
3. Everyone who spoke to the victim is a suspect. (under)
................................................................................................................................
4. The northwest of Britain has more rain each year than the southeast. (annual)
..........................................................................................

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