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Reg. No. :
K. RAMAKRISHNAN COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(AUTONOMOUS)

Question Paper Code: 111463

B.E./B.Tech., DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL/MAY -2021
Sixth Semester
Mechanical Engineering
ME8692 – FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

(Regulation 2017)
Time: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 100 Marks
Answer ALLquestions

PART- A (10x2=20 Marks)

1 What is the basis of finite element method?

2 If the displacement field in x direction is given by 𝑢 = 4𝑥 2 + 9x +6, determine the
stress in x direction.
3 Fig. 1shown is a typical continuous beam. Express the boundary conditions showing
force and moments at each node.

Fig. 1
4 Write down the Governing equation and the boundary conditions for 1D longitudinal
vibration of a bar fixed at one end.
5 State the conditions under which a 3-dimensional problem can be modelled as a 2D
problem in finite element analysis.
6 Differentiate the 2D scalar and vector problems with an illustration.
7 State any two applications of Axi-symmetric element.
8 Distinguish CST and LST elements.
9 What is an Iso-Parametric element?
10 Determine the shape function for any one mid side node of a nine noded quadrilateral
element.

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PART – B (5x13=65 Marks)

11. A Solve the following differential equation available for a physical 13

𝒅𝟐 𝒚
phenomenon𝒅𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟓𝟎𝟎𝒙𝟐 = 𝟎; 0 ≤ 𝒙 ≤5 ;y(0) =0; y(5)=0

using Least square and Galerkin’s methods.

11. B 𝒅𝟐 𝒚 13
Consider the differential equation for a physical phenomenon + 𝟑𝟓𝟎𝒙𝟐 =
𝒅𝟐 𝒙

𝟎; 0 ≤ 𝒙 ≤1with boundary conditionsy(0) =y(1)=0. The integral functional

corresponding to this problem is given by
𝟏 𝒅𝒚 𝟐
𝑰= 𝟎
{−𝟎. 𝟓 + 𝟑𝟓𝟎𝒙𝟐 𝒚} 𝒅𝒙.
𝒅𝒙

Find the approximate solution to the given problem using Rayleigh Ritz
method. Assume trial function as 𝒚 = 𝒂𝟏 𝟏 − 𝒙𝟑 .
12. A For the stepped beam (with fixed-pin boundary conditions) shown in Fig. 2, 13
set up the characteristic equation and determine the first three natural
frequencies.
Assume E=200GPa, density ρ=7500𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 , 𝐼1 = 1.5𝑋10−6 𝑚4 , 𝐼2 =
8.8𝑋10−7 𝑚4 , 𝐴1 = 2.4𝑋10−3 𝑚2 , 𝐴2 = 8.5𝑋10−4 𝑚2 . Use consistent mass
matrix

Fig. 2
12. B For the plane truss shown in Fig.3,a force P=1kN acts at node 1 inclined by 13
45º with x-axis. Determine the following.
(i) Write down the elemental stiffness matrix for each element.
(ii) Determine the global stiffness matrix.
(iii) List the boundary conditions.
(iv) Determine the displacement at each node.
Each element has E=70GPa and area 𝐴 = 200𝑚𝑚2 .

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Fig. 3

13. A For the plane stress element shown in Fig.4, the nodal displacements are 13
𝑢1 = 2.0𝑚𝑚; 𝑣1 = 1.0mm;
𝑢2 = 0.5 𝑚𝑚; 𝑣2 =0.0mm;
𝑢3 = 3.0𝑚𝑚; 𝑣3 = 1.0mm;

Determine the element stresses and the principal angle. Let E=210 GPa,
ʋ=0.25 and t=10mm. All co-ordinates are in mm.

Fig. 4

13. B For a 4-noded rectangular element shown in Fig.5, calculate the temperature 13
point (7,4). The nodal values of the temperatures are 𝑇1 = 42˚𝐶; 𝑇2 =54ºC;
𝑇3 = 56˚𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑇4 = 46˚𝐶. Also determine the 50˚𝐶 contour line

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Fig. 5
14. A Calculate the element stiffness matrix and the thermal force vector for the 13
axisymmetric triangular element shown in Fig. 6. The element experiences a
15˚𝐶 increase in temperature. The co-ordinates are in mm. Take α =10𝑋10−6 /
˚𝐶; E= 2 𝑋105 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 ; ʋ=0.25

Fig. 6
14. B A long hollow cylinder of inside diameter 100mm and outside diameter 13
120mm is firmly fitted in a hole of another rigid cylinder over its full length as
shown in Fig.7. The cylinder is then subjected to an internal pressure of 2
MPa. By using two elements on the 10mm length, calculate thedisplacements
at the inner radius. Take E=210 GPa and ʋ=0.3

Fig. 7
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15. A For the iso-parametric quadrilateral element shown in Fig.8, the loads 10kN 13
and 12kN are acting in x and y directions respectivelyat point Pwhich has
cartesian co-ordinates (6,4). Determine the local coordinates of point P and
evaluate the nodal forces.

Fig. 8
15. B Evaluate the Cartesian co-ordinates of the point ‘P’ which has natural co- 13
ordinates (0.6,0.8) as shown in Fig.9

Fig. 9

Part-C (1x15=15 Marks)

16. A Consider the bar structure shown in Fig.10 15
(i) Discretize the given structure.
(ii) Determine the elemental stiffness matrix and the global
stiffness matrix.
(iii) Using elimination method of boundary condition, determine
the displacements at the nodes.
(iv) Evaluate the strains and stresses in each element.
(v) Determine the reaction at the fixed support in the extreme
ends.

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Fig. 10

16. B Establish the Jacobian and strain-displacement matrix for the linear 15
quadrilateral iso-parametric element shown in Fig.11 for the Gauss point
r = 0.577735 and s = -0.57735

Fig. 11

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