Project Consultant

Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at

Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
1 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Transient Stability/Dynamic Study Report for

50MW Solar PV plant at Benban, Egypt

REPORT No: ISN/5427PP2576/2

Rev: 05
Date: 29/10/2018
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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S. No. Revision Revision description

1 00 First Issue of the study (Transient stability study)
1st Revision of the study (Transient stability study) based on revised
2 01 model received from inverter OEM and comments received dtd
27.03.2018
3 02 As per comments received from M/s SWPL
4 03 As per comments received from M/s SWPL
5 04 As per comments received from M/s SWPL
6 05 As per comments received from M/s SWPL

Approval Procedure
Name Date Revision

Authors : Mayank Kumar 29/10/2018

Checked : Prasenjit Barman 29/10/2018 05

Approved : Amish Tayal 29/10/2018

 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
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Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 5
2. SCOPE OF WORK.......................................................................................................... 6
3. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................... 6
3.1. DEFINITIONS............................................................................................................. 7
3.2. SOFTWARE ............................................................................................................... 7
3.3. INPUT DATA & NETWORK MODELLING ........................................................................... 7
3.3.1. Inverter......................................................................................................................... 7
3.3.2. Inverter transformer .................................................................................................... 8
3.3.3. Temperature Derating Curve....................................................................................... 8
3.3.4. Active and Reactive power capability curve ............................................................... 9
3.3.5. Cable types ................................................................................................................ 10
3.3.6. PV Generator Model .................................................................................................. 10
4. SOLAR ENERGY GRID CONNECTION CODE OF EGYPT.............................................. 11
4.1. GRID CONNECTION RANGES (OPERATIONAL RANGES): .................................................. 11
4.1.1. Voltage ranges:.......................................................................................................... 11
4.1.2. Frequency ranges: ..................................................................................................... 11
4.2. START-UP OF SOLAR PLANT: ...................................................................................... 12
4.3. POWER QUALITY: .................................................................................................... 12
4.3.1. Harmonics: ................................................................................................................ 12
4.3.2. Flicker:........................................................................................................................ 12
4.3.3. Voltage unbalance:.................................................................................................... 12
4.3.4. Voltage fluctuations: ................................................................................................. 12
4.4. OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS: ..................................... 13
4.4.1. Active power control: ................................................................................................. 13
4.4.2. Reactive power control: ............................................................................................. 13
4.5. FAULT RIDE THROUGH: ............................................................................................ 15
5. NETWORK MODELLING ............................................................................................. 17
5.1. ABB-PVS980 INVERTER ......................................................................................... 17
5.2. GRID ..................................................................................................................... 19
6. TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDY ................................................................................... 20
6.1. ASSUMPTIONS & METHODOLOGY............................................................................... 20
6.2. STUDY RESULT ........................................................................................................ 21
6.2.1. Case-1 (Active Power Control): .................................................................................. 21
6.2.2. Case-2 (Reactive power control): ............................................................................... 37
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
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6.2.3. Case-3 (Fault Ride Through): ..................................................................................... 47

6.2.4. Case-4 (Over Voltage Ride Through): ........................................................................ 84
6.2.5. Case-5 (Frequency ride through): .............................................................................. 87
6.2.6. Case-6 (Voltage fluctuations): ................................................................................... 89
7. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................. 93
8. REFERENCE ................................................................................................................ 95
9. LIST OF ANNEXURES .................................................................................................. 96
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1. INTRODUCTION
M/s TAQA ARABIA SOLAR ENERGY S.A.E is developing 50MWac / 65MWdc Solar PV plant project
at Benban, Egypt. M/s TAQA ARABIA SOLAR ENERGY has engaged M/s Sterling & Wilson Pvt. Ltd.
(SWPL) as EPC Contractor for implementation of the project. In this regard, M/S GE T&D India
Limited (formerly Alstom T&D India Ltd) has been entrusted by M/s SWPL to carry out the “Grid
Compliance Study for 50MW Solar PV plant at Benban, Egypt" vide contract agreement
dated 29.12.2017.

The DC Power generated from the solar plant will be converted to AC power through inverter
with 660V output and then same 660V AC power will be stepped up to 22kV via 0.66/22kV
inverter transformers.

Rating of each Inverter is 2000kVA @ 50 Deg.C.

The power generated from solar plant will be evacuated to Benban-3 220kV S/S via three
numbers of 22kV outgoing circuits.

Load flow and Short circuit studies carried out and the report has been submitted.

In this report Transient Stability/Dynamic study is carried out and results presented for 50MW
Solar PV plant.
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Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
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2. SCOPE OF WORK
Scope of work as per the work order is given below in brief-
1. Modelling of complete AC and DC system in software till downstream network.
2. Modelling of 220/22kV remote end S/S 22 kV bus where the plant is connecting including
22 kV underground cables between PV plant and S/S.
3. Preparation of complete SLD.
4. All major switchgear buses of plant electrical system shall be modelled.
5. Carrying out power system studies to derive the active & reactive power flow, voltage
profile of the network and short circuit studies as per EETC grid code.
6. Grid compliance study includes load flow, short circuit, Transient stability and Power
quality studies for the plant considering various operating conditions.
7. Studies should perform for various plant operating conditions and grid distribution
conditions.
8. Preparations and submission of the reports based on the findings of the studies to
submit/discuss with M/S Sterling & Wilson.
9. Transient stability analysis for the 50MW Solar PV plant.
In this report Transient Stability/Dynamic study is carried out.

3. GENERAL
This document presents the calculation results of Transient Stability study for the 50MW Solar
PV plant Project, in particular, cable loadings under different operating conditions.
Overview of the project is given in table below-

Table 1 : Overview of the project

Location Benban Solar Park, Egypt
Coordinates 24.412°N, 32.73°E
Altitude above sea level 148 Meters above MSL
Max. Ambient Temp. 48 °C
Min. Ambient Temp. -0 °C
Plant installed AC capacity 50MW @ UPF
Plant installed DC capacity 65 MWp
Inverter type Central Inverter
Evacuation voltage level 22kV
Connection at 22/220kV S/S, 2600 meter (approx.) away
Interconnection from MV panel at MCR via 1C, 630sqmm Cu. Cables via three
outgoing feeders.
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Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
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Contract
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3.1. Definitions

Term Definition
PF : Power factor
PV : Photovoltaic
SLD : Single line diagram
Client : M/s Sterling & Wilson
PU : Per unit
Seq. : Sequence
1C : Single core
1R : Single run
3R : Three run
5R : Five run
PH : Phase
Al : Aluminium
Cu : Copper
UPF : Unity power factor
POC : Point of Connection (between PV plant and grid)
MCR : Main Control Room (PV Plant)

3.2. Software

PSS/E software version 33.2.0 is used in the power system studies.

3.3. Input Data & network modelling

The solar plant network is modelled as per the SLD shared by the client for the 28 Inverter
configuration with the total capacity of 50MW. [1]

3.3.1. Inverter
Inverter configuration is given in table below-
Table 2 : Inverter configuration
Central Inverter LOC: Outdoor
DC AC
Make, Model ABB, PVS980-58-2000kVA-K
Power 3200kWp 2000kVA
Voltage 1500V 660V
Current 2400A 1750A
Voltage Variation 9351100V ±10%
Frequency --- 50HZ
PF --- 01 P.F (LAG / LEAD)
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Aux. Supply --- 230 V AC

No. of I/P 11 Input's
IP rating IP 56 (Outdoor)

3.3.2. Inverter transformer

Based on the Input data, 13 inverter transformers of rating 4.0 MVA and 2 inverter
transformers of rating 2.0 MVA, 0.66/22kV considered and modelled for the study with
following configuration-
Table 3 : Inverter transformer configuration
Inverter Transformer
Rating 4000KVA / 2000kVA
Type ONAN
22kV/(2x660V) /
Ratio
22kV/660V
Vector Group Dy11y11 / Dy11
660V, 660V STAR /
LV Side
660V Star
LV Voltage variation ±10%
HV side 22kV, Delta
Tap changer OCTC ±5% @ 2.5%
LV / HV Cable box
Impedance 7% (±10% Tol.)

3.3.3. Temperature Derating Curve

The nominal power (100%) of the inverter is reached in +50 deg C. In lower
temperatures, the inverter can supply up to 110% power. If the ambient temperature
exceeds the nominal ambient temperature, the load capacity (Current and Power) of
the Inverter decreases.
The following Temperature Derating Curve shows how the inverter current is affected
by the ambient temperature –
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Figure 1: Temperature Derating Curve

3.3.4. Active and Reactive power capability curve

Active and reactive power capability curve for PV inverters is given in figure below-

Figure 2: Active and reactive power capability curve

Inverter is able to deliver full reactive power.

Qmax = √(Smax2-Pmax2)

Night time Q-mode capability with PV panels disconnected.

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3.3.5. Cable types

Based on the Input data, following type of cables used for the system-
Table 4 : Cable details
+ve Seq. Parameters (PU/km at Voltage
S. 100MVAbase) Ampacity MVA
Type of Cable level
No. (Amps) rating
R X B (kV)
3R/PHx1Cx630Sq. mm, Cu.
1 0.0030 0.0079 1.37E-04 22 550 62.873
XLPE, PVC CABLE
1R/PHx1Cx630Sq. mm, Al. Ar,
2 0.0134 0.0229 4.41E-04 22 450 17.147
XLPE, PVC CABLE
1R/PHx1Cx400Sq. mm, Al. Ar,
3 0.0211 0.0242 3.65E-04 22 385 14.670
XLPE, PVC CABLE
1R/PHx1Cx240Sq. mm, Al. Ar,
4 0.0335 0.0260 3.04E-04 22 315 12.003
XLPE, PVC CABLE
1R/PHx1Cx185Sq. mm, Al. Ar,
5 0.0436 0.0269 2.74E-04 22 280 10.669
XLPE, PVC CABLE
5Rx1Cx300 Sq. mm/ph, AL.
6 5.6015 3.6731 1.72E-07 0.66 390 2.229
XLPE, PVC CABLE
1Rx3Cx16Sq. mm Al. Ar,
7 560.1469 18.3655 2.46E-07 0.66 78 0.089
XLPE, PVC CABLE

Cable parameters considered as per the spcifications in LT/HT Power & Control Cables
Catalogue of various manufacturer.
Cable type and Cable length considered for the study as shared by the client.
All 0.66kV cable from Inverter transformer to Inverter bus considered as 5Rx1Cx300
Sq.mm/ph, AL. XLPE, PVC CABLE with length of 15 Meters and 0.66kV cable from Inverter
transformer to Auxiliary bus considered as 1Rx3Cx16Sq. mm, Al. Ar, XLPE, PVC CABLE
with length of 20 Meters.

3.3.6. PV Generator Model

User defined model for ABB, PVS980 inverter model shared by the client and same has been
considered for the Transient stability study for 50MW Solar PV plant at Benban.
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4. SOLAR ENERGY GRID CONNECTION CODE OF EGYPT

The objective of this, to determine the requirements for new or modified solar energy plants, so
that it ensures security and quality parameters of the grid.
This Solar Energy Grid Code applies for all Solar Plants (PV and thermal solar plants) to be
connected to the grid.
The solar plant must be able to control reactive power at the Grid connection point in a range of
0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading at maximum active power at rated grid voltage.

4.1. Grid Connection Ranges (Operational Ranges):

4.1.1. Voltage ranges:

In case of deviation of the voltage at the Grid Connection Point from its permissible voltage
range, the solar plant shall be able to deliver actual active power when the voltage at the grid
point remains within the ranges as given in table below-

Table 5 : Minimum operation time periods

S. No. Voltage range Time period for operation
1 *0.85 pu – 1.10 pu Unlimited
2 1.10 pu – 1.15 pu 30 minutes
Note: (*) As per inverter manufacturer's standard operation, inverter can operate continuously between 0.9 pu and
1.1 pu rated voltage. Hence for steady state grid compliance study, grid voltage variation of 0.9 pu to 1.1 pu is
considered. However, to uderstand the behaviour of solar plant, study carried out with 1.15 pu voltage at swing bus
also.

Solar plant shall be also capable of automatic disconnection from the grid at specified voltages,
if required.

4.1.2. Frequency ranges:

In case of a deviation of the grid frequency from its permissible value, the solar plant shall
perform as follows:
a) In case of frequency below 50HZ, the Solar Plant shall continue injecting active energy
untill the frequency is below 47.5HZ.
b) In case of over frequency between 50HZ to 50.2HZ the Solar Plant shall maintain the
100% of active power.
c) In case of over frequency above 50.2HZ, the Solar Plant shall inject active energy up to
51.5HZ according to the provisions in grid code.
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4.2. Start-up of solar plant:

The solar plant shall only be connected to the Grid if the frequency of Grid in range of 48HZ to
51HZ and Voltage of Grid in range of 0.9pu to 1.1pu, or as otherwise agreed to in the connection
agreement.
During the start-up of the solar plant or of the solar inverter generators of the solar plant the
increase of the active power shall not exceed 10% of the rated power of the solar plant per
minute.

4.3. Power Quality:

All the Solar Plants connected to the Grid shall endeavor to maintain the voltage wave-form
quality at the Grid Connection Point.

4.3.1. Harmonics:

The maximum levels of harmonic distortion at the Grid Connection Point which are attributable
to the Solar Plant shall follow the provisions in IEEE 519-1992 standard.

4.3.2. Flicker:

The flicker, caused by the Solar Plant at the Grid Connection Point, must be within the following
limits as per IEC61000-3-7

Short term (10 minutes) : Pst ≤ 0.35

Long term (2 hours) : Plt ≤ 0.25

Where, Pst - Short term flicker factor over time periods of 10 minutes
Plt - Long term flicker factor over time periods of 2 hours

4.3.3. Voltage unbalance:

Voltage unbalance is defined as the deviation between the highest and lowest line voltage
divided by the average line voltage of three phases. Solar Plants shall be able to withstand
voltage unbalance not exceeding 2% for at least 30 seconds.

4.3.4. Voltage fluctuations:

Voltage fluctuations at the Grid Connection Point of a Solar Plant can occur because of switching
operations within the Solar Plant facilities (i.e. capacitor banks, collection circuit transformers)
due to inrush currents. Voltage Fluctuation at Grid Connection Point shall be up to 3% of nominal
voltage the Grid Code provided that this not constitutes a risk to the Grid or other User in the
Grid Operator’s view.
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4.4. OPERATIONAL AND MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS:

4.4.1. Active power control:

The Solar Plant shall continue injecting Actual Active Power within the frequency range of 47.5Hz
up to 50.2 Hz or grid voltage range at the Grid Connection Point for the time periods.

Active power reduction due to over frequency-

For grid frequencies in the range from 50.2 Hz to 51.5 Hz the Solar Plant has to reduce active
output power according to Equation,
The output power must be reduced by:

∆P = 0.4 * PM * (∆f/Hz)
PM: Actual output power before the grid frequency exceeds 50.2 Hz
∆f: Actual grid frequency minus 50.2 Hz

Figure 3: Active power reduction due to over frequency

4.4.2. Reactive power control:

The Solar Plant must be able to control reactive power at the Grid Connection Point in a range of
0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading at maximum active power and according to Figure below for MSSP
and for LSSP. The Solar Plant must be able to control reactive power as follows:

a. Set-point control of reactive power Q

b. Set-point control of power factor (cos φ)
c. Fixed power factor (cos φ)
d. Characteristic: power factor as a function of active power output of the Solar Plant, cos
φ (P)
e. Characteristic: reactive power as a function of voltage, Q(U)
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The Solar Plant must have an input signal for a set-point value at the Grid Connection Point, to
control reactive power or cos φ of the Solar Plant. The Solar Plant shall be able to receive set-
point with an accuracy of 1kVar. The Grid Operator will provide the set-point signal through
verbal communication or SCADA, whichever is present. The Solar Plant must follow the setpoint
signal of the Grid Operator within one minute.

When operating at an active power output below the Rated Capacity of the Solar Plant (P<Pmax),
the Solar Plant shall be able to be operated in every possible operating point in the P-Q Diagram
for each solar plant size.

Figure 4: P-Q Diagram for MSSP (left) and for LSSP (right)
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4.5. Fault Ride Through:

For temporary voltage drops, when positive sequence voltage is above the curve in Figure below,
Solar Plants have to ride-through the grid fault without disconnection from the Grid.

Figure 5: Fault ride through profile for a Solar Plant

The Solar Plant shall trip if all phase-to-phase voltages are below the curve in above Figure.

During the temporary voltage drop Solar Plant must fulfill the following requirements concerning
reactive power or reactive current:
a) For 3-phase faults the Solar Plant must inject reactive current according to Figure below
and Equations given below for the time period 250ms after the beginning of the fault until
fault clearance.

Figure 6: Current injection during the fault (k=2)

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The above line represents the required minimum reactive current, expressed by the ratio of the
reactive current and the nominal reactive current in per unit, against the voltage drop, expressed
by the ratio of the actual voltage value and its nominal value in per unit at the grid connection
point.
Equations are given below,
=

ΔU = U − UO

Variables:
Un: rated voltage
In: rated current
U: voltage during fault
∆Ib: required reactive current change during fault
Uo: pre-fault voltage
∆Ur: relevant voltage change during the fault
The factor k shall be adjustable in the range from 0 to 4.

b) For unsymmetrical faults, it is not permissible that during the duration of the fault,
reactive currents be fed into the Grid which will give rise to voltages higher that 110%
nominal voltage in non-faulty phases at the Grid Connection Point.

After fault clearance the active power output of the Solar Plant must reach the same level as
before the fault within a time period of 10s after fault clearance and the consumption of reactive
power of the Solar Plant must be equal or below the consumption of reactive power before the
fault.
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5. NETWORK MODELLING
The power generated from solar plant will be evacuated to Benban 220/22kV S/S via three
numbers of 22kV outgoing circuits. Inverters are modeled as a wind/solar machine in PSS/E.
The network model used for steady state analysis is used to set up model for dynamic
simulation. Network data used for this simulation are given in Annexure-1.
User defined generator model for ABB, PVS980 inverter model shared by the client and same
has been considered for the dynamic simulation for 50MW Solar PV plant at Benban.Detail
network modelling used in steady state analysis is already discussed in submitted report rev-
00 dated 21/02/2018. SLD of the network model used for dynamic study of 50MW Solar PV
plant is given in Annexure-3.

5.1. ABB-PVS980 inverter

User model “PVS890” is supplied by inverter manufacturer (ABB) in PSS/E software tool
which is used in dynamic study. The model is prepared to facilitate behavioral simulation of
the response of ABB’s PVS980 inverter to grid disturbance which closely approximate the
response of the plant. The PVS980 is implemented into the PSS/E by means of C/C++ dll with
common component in Fortran. Renewable generator as well as renewable electrical control
modules are used, as shown in Figure 7. The reactive current command (WIQCMD) and active
current command (WIPCMD) are provided by the electrical control module (user written-
model with interface to C/C++ dll) into the generator. The most important features can be
listed out:
 Voltage ETERM is measured and passed from PSS/E to electrical control in Fortran,
 user written electrical control passes active and reactive current commands to the
PSS/E WT4G1 generator, based on commands from external C/C++ dll,
 Fortran interface is used between the electrical control and external C/C++ dll,
 input data for the test scenarios are loaded from the txt file in C:\param\ folder
 PVS980 settings can be adjusted by means of changing of the constants
CON(J)=Reset to CON(J+10)=Nominal voltage [kV] as shown in figure 8.
 PVS980is connected to the 0.6 kV (or 0.69 kV) type 2 generator bus.

Setting of the parameter file main001.txt is given in Annexure-2.

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Figure 7: PVS980 model with common component in C/C++ dll

Figure 8: Dynamics settings for PVS980 model

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5.2. Grid
Power flow from/to grid has modelled as generating unit and the generator model for the same
is considered as GENCLS (Classical Generator) for the transient stability studies. Parameters for
GENCLS generator model considered as given in table below-

Table 6: Classical Generator model parameters

Parameter Description Unit Value
H Inertia KW-Sec/KVA 999.9
D Speed damping - 0

User written exciter model “EFDEX” is used for grid source as shown in figure below. This enbales
user to change source voltage during simulation.
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6. TRANSIENT STABILITY STUDY

Power system stability is the property of power system which enables it to remain in a state of
operating equilibrium under normal operating conditions and to regain an acceptable state of
equilibrium after being subjected to a disturbance. Transient stability studies constitute the
major analytical approach to the study of power system electromechanical dynamic behavior.
Transient stability studies are concerned with the behavior of power system following major
disturbances such as-
a) Sudden large load changes.
b) Sudden short circuit on a transmission line.
c) Loss of a large generator.

In a power system for satisfactory system operation necessary conditions are-

a) All synchronous machines in the network must remain in synchronism or, “in step”.
b) Following a major disturbance and following system control actions, voltages at all bus
must reach acceptable steady state level.
c) The network must maintain a steady acceptable frequency under normal operating
condition after being subjected to a disturbance.

6.1. Assumptions & Methodology

For transient stability study, network is modelled as per input data described in previous
chapters. Methodology considered for transient stability study are described below-
 220 kV Benban substation (grid bus) is considered as swing bus.
 PV plant is modelled as non-conventional generator model which is suitable for solar
plant.
 PV plant considered oprating in voltage control mode for higher voltage during
overvoltage reponse simulation. for the rest of the simulation the plant considered
operating in fixed reactive power mode with zero reactive power supply in initial
condition.
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6.2. Study Result

Simulations are carried out to understand dynamic behaviour of the plant following any transient
event and to ensure compliance to EETC grid code.
Description of the cases carried out and results are given below-

6.2.1. Case-1 (Active Power Control):

Active Power Control capability of the plant is verified by carrying out following simulations.
A. Case-1A: Active power output w.r.t change in Voltage & frequency
B. Case-1B: Active power reduction by defined set point – Curtailment
C. Case-1C: Active power reduction due to over frequency (Plant P-f response)

6.2.1.1. Case-1A (plant response w.r.t change in Voltage & frequency):

As per solar energy grid code of EGYPT, there are two regions of frequency i.e. 47.5Hz to 50.2Hz
& 50.2Hz to 51.5Hz. Therefore, simulations carried out for certain value in each region say
(48,51)Hz.
Network considered operating in normal condition. Voltages are changed at 220 kV grid by
changing field voltage of exciter during the simulation.

First frequency region i.e. 47.5Hz to 50.2Hz (simulations carried out for frequency 48Hz)
Cases are carried out for different voltages as described below-
a) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 0.86 p.u.
b) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 1.14 p.u.

a) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 0.86 p.u.

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 48.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 0.86 pu to
demonstrate the plant response.

Simulation duration is considered 1850 seconds. Plots are given below

 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
22 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 9: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.1

1.075

1.05
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.025

0.975

0.95

0.925

0.9

0.875

0.85

0.825
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)

Figure 10: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
23 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

b) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 1.14 p.u.

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 48.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.14 pu to
demonstrate the plant response.

Simulation duration is considered 1850 seconds. Plots are given below

Figure 11: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot

1.175

1.15
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.125

1.1

1.075

1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95

0.925
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
24 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 12: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

It is observed from the above plots, the Solar Plant is continue injecting Actual Active Power
within the first frequency range of 47.5Hz up to 50.2 Hz or grid voltage range at the Grid
Connection Point for the time periods as per grid code requirement.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
25 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Second frequency region i.e. 50.2Hz to 51.5Hz (simulations carried out for frequency
51Hz)
Cases are carried out for different voltages as described below-
a) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 0.86 p.u.
b) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 0.92 p.u.
c) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 1.08p.u.
d) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 1.14 p.u.

a) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 0.86 p.u.

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 51.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 0.86 pu to
demonstrate the plant response.

Simulation duration is considered 1850 seconds. Plots are given below

Figure 13: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.1

1.075

1.05
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.025

0.975

0.95

0.925

0.9

0.875

0.85

0.825
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
26 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 14: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
27 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

b) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 0.92 p.u.

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 51.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 0.92 pu to
demonstrate the plant response.

Simulation duration is considered 1850 seconds. Plots are given below

Figure 15: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.1

1.08

1.06

1.04
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.02

0.98

0.96

0.94

0.92

0.9

0.88

0.86

0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
28 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 16: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
60

55

50
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

45

40

35

30
25

20

15

10

-5

-10
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
29 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

c) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 1.08 p.u.

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 51.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.08 pu to
demonstrate the plant response.

Simulation duration is considered 1850 seconds. Plots are given below

Figure 17: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.1

1.09

1.08
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.07

1.06

1.05

1.04

1.03

1.02

1.01

0.99
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
30 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 18: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
31 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

d) Grid voltage (220 kV side) is set to 1.14 p.u.

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 51.0 Hz and grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.14 pu to
demonstrate the plant response.

Simulation duration is considered 1850 seconds. Plots are given below

Figure 19: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.225

1.2

1.175
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.15

1.125

1.1

1.075

1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
32 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 20: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

It is observed from the above plots, beyond 50.2Hz frequency plant active power reduced as per
grid code requirement.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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6.2.1.2. Case-1B (Active power reduction by defined set point – Curtailment):

Network considered operating in normal condition.

Active power reduction of PV plant observed by reducing the each inverter external power limit
CON(J+10) in step of 10%.

Events considered are –

At time t = 0.0 sec: external power limit is set 100%
At time t = 60.0 sec: external power limit is set 90%
At time t = 120.0 sec: external power limit is set 80%
At time t = 180.0 sec: external power limit is set 70%
At time t = 240.0 sec: external power limit is set 60%
At time t = 300.0 sec: external power limit is set 50%

Simulation is carried out for 360 sec.

Figure 21: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.05

1.04

1.03
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.02

1.01

0.99

0.98

0.97

0.96

0.95
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
34 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 22: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

It is verified from the above plots that the Solar PV Plant is able to reduce the Actual Active Power
within steps of 10% of the nominal generation capacity of the Solar Plant as per the grid code
requirement.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
35 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6.2.1.3. Case-1C (Active power reduction due to over frequency : Plant P-f
response):
Frequency response of the plant is observed by step changing of inverter frequency from 47.5 Hz
to 51.5 Hz.
Inverter control parameters considered are summarized below-
Power frequency limitation (P(f) limit) type selected is 2 (increamental type)
P(f) corner frequency is considered 0.2 (50.2 Hz).
P(f) frequency slope is considered 40% (0.4).
P(f) release frequency is considered 0.2 (50.2 Hz).

Step change in frequency is simulated by changing inverter frequency input CON(J+7) as

demonstrated by inverter manufacturer in PSS/E.
Events considered are –
At time t = 0.0 sec: frequency is set 50.0 Hz
At time t = 60.0 sec: frequency is set 47.5 Hz
At time t = 120.0 sec: frequency is set 48.0 Hz
At time t = 180.0 sec: frequency is set 50.0 Hz
At time t = 240.0 sec: frequency is set 50.2 Hz
At time t = 300.0 sec: frequency is set 51.0 Hz
At time t = 360.0 sec: frequency is set 51.5 Hz
At time t = 420.0 sec: frequency is set 50.0 Hz
Simulation is carried out for 480 sec.

Figure 23: Grid voltage & Frequence plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.1

1.08

1.06
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.04

1.02

0.98

0.96

0.94

0.92

0.9
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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Figure 24: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

From active power plot it is observed that-

At 50 Hz output frequency output power is 50.193 MW.
There is no change in power till frequency reaches 50.2 Hz
At 51.0 Hz frequency power is 34.563 MW
At 51.5 Hz frequency power is 24.384 MW

For frequency =51.0 Hz

∆f (Change in frequency -50.2 Hz) = 0.8 Hz
Required power output as per grid code ∆P= PM- 0.4*PM*∆f
= 50.193 -(0.4*50.193 *0.8)
= 34.131

For frequency =51.5 Hz

∆f (Change in frequency -50.2 Hz) = 1.3 Hz
Required power output as per grid code ∆P= PM- 0.4*PM*∆f
= 50.193 -(0.4*50.193 *1.3)
= 24.092

The result shows, at 22kV point of interconnection at grid, total active power generation from PV
plant reduces with increase in frequency. Rate of decrease in active power is in line with grid
code requirement.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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6.2.2. Case-2 (Reactive power control):

As per grid code, the Solar Plant must be able to control reactive power at the Grid Connection
Point in a range of 0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading at maximum active power.

The Solar Plant must be able to control reactive power as follows:

a) Set-point control of reactive power Q
b) Set-point control of power factor (cos φ)
c) Fixed power factor (cos φ)
d) Characteristic: power factor as a function of active power output of the Solar Plant, cos
φ(P)
e) Characteristic: reactive power as a function of voltage, Q(U)

Therefore, to verify the above cases, simulations carried out with an input signal for a set-point
value at inverter side.

a) Set-point control of reactive power Q

To demonstrate this case Q power ref type (Parameter 124.06) set to 3 i.e. Reactive power
reference in % of nominal power. And Reactive chain reference for each inverter adjusted to
achieve the output.

Events considered as –
At time t = 0.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q=0
At time t = 10.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q=Max. Inductive MVAr
At time t = 70.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q=0
At time t = 130.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q=Max. Capacitive MVAr
At time t = 190.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q=0

Simulation is carried out for 250 sec.

3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of PV plant are
given in figures below-
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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Figure 25: Grid Voltage plot

Grid Voltage plot

1.02

1.015

1.01
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.005

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)

Figure 26: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

From the above plots, it is observed that PV plant output power as per set point control of
reactive power Q.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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b) Set-point control of power factor (cos φ)

To demonstrate this case Q power ref type (Parameter 124.06) set to 5 i.e. Reactive power
reference in cosphi. And Reactive chain reference for each inverter adjusted to achieve the
output.

Events considered as –
At time t = 0.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q set at P.F = unity
At time t = 10.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q set at P.F = 0.95 lagging
At time t = 70.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q set at P.F = unity
At time t = 130.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q set at P.F = 0.95 leading
At time t = 190.0 sec: Reactive chain reference of each inverter, Q set at P.F = unity

Simulation is carried out for 250 sec.

3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of PV plant are
given in figures below-

Figure 27: Grid Voltage plot

Grid Voltage plot

1.02

1.015

1.01
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.005

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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Figure 28: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output f rom PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output f rom PV plant (MVAr)

From the above plots, it is observed that PV plant output power as per set point control of power
factor (cos phi).
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
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Contract
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c) Fixed power factor (cos φ)

To demonstrate this case Q power ref type (Parameter 124.06) set to 5 i.e. Reactive power
reference in cosphi.

Reactive chain reference for each inverter set to 1.0 (all the inverters operating at UPF).
Voltages are changed at 220 kV grid by changing field voltage of exciter during the simulation.

Events considered are –

At time t = 0.0 sec: external power limit is set 100%
At time t = 60.0 sec: external power limit is set 90%
At time t = 120.0 sec: external power limit is set 80%
At time t = 180.0 sec: external power limit is set 70%
At time t = 240.0 sec: external power limit is set 60%
At time t = 300.0 sec: external power limit is set 50%

Simulation is carried out for 360 sec.

3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of PV plant are
given in figures below-

Figure 29: Grid Voltage plot

Grid Voltage plot
1.24

1.22

1.2

1.18

1.16
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.14

1.12

1.1

1.08

1.06

1.04

1.02

0.98
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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Figure 30: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

From the above plots, it is observed that PV plant is is able to operate in fixed power factor mode
irrespective of active power curtailment.
 Project Consultant
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d) Characteristic: power factor as a function of active power output of the Solar Plant,
cosφ(P)

CosPhi(P) control curve considered as below -

Till P= 0.6pu, P.F. = 1.0;
P= 0.7pu, P.F. = -0.9875;
P= 0.8pu, P.F. = -0.975
P= 0.9pu, P.F. = -0.9625;
P= 1.0pu, P.F. = -0.95

To demonstrate this case Q power ref type (Parameter 124.06) set to 8 i.e. Q(x) regulation curve
and Q(x) curve (Parameter 124.30) set to 2 i.e. CosPhi(P) mode.

Events considered are –

At time t = 0.0 sec: external power limit is set 100%
At time t = 10.0 sec: external power limit is set 90%
At time t = 20.0 sec: external power limit is set 80%
At time t = 30.0 sec: external power limit is set 70%
At time t = 40.0 sec: external power limit is set 60%
At time t = 50.0 sec: external power limit is set 50%
At time t = 60.0 sec: external power limit is set 40%
Simulation is carried out for 70 sec.

3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of PV plant are
given in figures below-
Figure 31: Grid Voltage plot
Grid Voltage plot
1.02

1.015

1.01

1.005
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
44 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 32: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

It is observed from the figures above that,

Plant active power Plant reactive power Plant power factor

S. No.
output (MW) output (MVAr)
Target Actual
1 20 0.75 1 0.9988
2 25 0.45 1 0.9995
3 30 ≈0 1 1
4 35 -4.47 -0.9875 -0.9919
5 40 -8.88 -0.975 -0.9762
6 45 -13.41 -0.9625 -0.9584
7 50 -17.62 -0.95 -0.9432

Hence PF of the PV plant as per Cos phi (P) control curve.

 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
45 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

e) Characteristic: reactive power as a function of voltage, Q(U)

To demonstrate this case Q power ref type (Parameter 124.06) set to 7 i.e. AC voltage reference
in % of nominal voltage.

Reactive chain reference for each inverter adjusted to 100%.

Voltages are changed at 220 kV grid by changing field voltage of exciter during the simulation.

Response during overvoltage:

Events considered as –
At time t = 0.0 sec: Voltage is set 1.0 pu
At time t = 10.0 sec: Voltage is set 1.05 pu
At time t = 70.0 sec: Voltage is set 1.0 pu
At time t = 130.0 sec: Voltage is set 0.95 pu
At time t = 190.0 sec: Voltage is set 1.0 pu

Simulation is carried out for 250 sec.

3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output PV plant are
given in figures below-
Figure 33: Grid Voltage plot

Grid Voltage plot

1.15

1.125

1.1

1.075
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95

0.925

0.9
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
46 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 34: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power output from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output f rom PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

In Q(U) mode, it is observed that plant reactive power output is controlled by change in voltage.
In case of high voltage plant is absorbing reactive power and in case of low voltage it is supplying
reactive power.

From the above cases, it is observed that PV plant is able to operate in following reactive power
control modes;
1. Set-point control of reactive power Q- (case-a)
2. Set-point control of power factor (cos φ) - (case-b)
3. Fixed power factor (cos φ) - (case-c)
4. Characteristic: power factor as a function of active power output of the Solar Plant, cos
φ(P) - (case-d)
5. Characteristic: reactive power as a function of voltage, Q(U) - (case-e)

Also, it is observed that the Solar Plant is able to control reactive power at the Grid Connection
Point in a range of 0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading at maximum active power.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
47 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6.2.3. Case-3 (Fault Ride Through):

Fault ride through capability of the plant is verified by carrying out following simulations. Grid
support feature of the inverter are kept on during the simulation to see reactive power support
of the inverters during the fault and to ensure no reactive power injection during single phase to
ground fault.
Simulations carried out for both symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.

6.2.3.1. Three phase symmetrical fault

To check the plant‘s fault ride through capability, study carried out for three phase symmetrical
fault with plant performance at UPF, 0.95 PF lagging and 0.95 PF Leading.
Following cases are carried out for three phase symmetrical fault;
A. Plant Performance at UPF
1. Case-a; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 3 sec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.8 pu
during fault)
2. Case-b; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 1 sec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.3 pu
during fault)
3. Case-c; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 630 msec (22 kV grid voltage is
0.15 pu during fault)
4. Case-d; 3-ph bolted fault at 22 kV POC for 250 msec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.0 pu
during fault)

B. Plant Performance at 0.95 power factor (Lagging)

1. Case-a; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 3 sec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.8 pu
during fault)
2. Case-b; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 1 sec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.3 pu
during fault)
3. Case-c; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 630 msec (22 kV grid voltage is
0.15 pu during fault)
4. Case-d; 3-ph bolted fault at 22 kV POC for 250 msec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.0 pu
during fault)

C. Plant Performance at 0.95 power factor (Leading)

1. Case-a; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 3 sec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.8 pu
during fault)
2. Case-b; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 1 sec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.3 pu
during fault)
3. Case-c; 3 phase impedance fault at 22 kV POC for 630 msec (22 kV grid voltage is
0.15 pu during fault)
4. Case-d; 3-ph bolted fault at 22 kV POC for 250 msec (22 kV grid voltage is 0.0 pu
during fault)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
48 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

A. Plant Performance at unity power factor

Case-a:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 4.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 35: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.925

0.9

0.875

0.85

0.825

0.8

0.775
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
49 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 36: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output f rom PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 37: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
50 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-b:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 2.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 38: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.3

1.2

1.1

1
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
51 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 39: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 40: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
52 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-C:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.63 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 41: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.2

1.1

0.9

0.8
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
53 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 42: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 43: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
54 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-d:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph bolted fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.25 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 44: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
2.5

2.25

1.75
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
55 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 45: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output f rom PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 46: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er f low f rom inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
56 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

The observations are given below-

3 Phase impedance fault for 3.0 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 80% of its rated value for 3.0 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 80% of its rated value.

3 Phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 30% of its rated value for 1.0 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 30% of its rated value.

3 Phase impedance fault for 0.63 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 15% of its rated value for 0.63 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 0.63 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 15% of its rated value.

3 Phase fault for 0.25 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to zero of its rated value for 0.25 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase bolted fault for 0.25 sec
when voltage at POC is close to zero.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
57 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

B. Plant Performance at 0.95 power factor (Lagging)

Case-a:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 4.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 47: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.925

0.9

0.875

0.85

0.825

0.8

0.775
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
58 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 48: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output f rom PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 49: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow f rom inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
59 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-b:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 2.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 50: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.3

1.2

1.1

1
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
60 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 51: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 52: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
61 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-C:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.63 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 53: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.2

1.1

0.9

0.8
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
62 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 54: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 55: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
63 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-d:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph bolted fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.25 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 56: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
2.5

2.25

1.75
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
64 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 57: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 58: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
65 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

The observations are given below-

3 Phase impedance fault for 3.0 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 80% of its rated value for 3.0 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 80% of its rated value.

3 Phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 30% of its rated value for 1.0 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 30% of its rated value.

3 Phase impedance fault for 0.63 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 15% of its rated value for 0.63 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 0.63 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 15% of its rated value.

3 Phase fault for 0.25 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to zero of its rated value for 0.25 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase bolted fault for 0.25 sec
when voltage at POC is close to zero.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
66 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

C. Plant Performance at 0.95 power factor (Leading)

Case-a:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 4.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 59: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.925

0.9

0.875

0.85

0.825

0.8

0.775
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
67 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 60: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 61: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow f rom Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
68 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-b:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 2.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 62: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.3

1.2

1.1

1
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
69 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 63: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 64: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
70 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-C:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph impedance fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.63 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 65: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
1.2

1.1

0.9

0.8
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
71 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 66: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er f low f rom PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er f low f rom PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 67: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow from Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow from Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
72 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-d:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: 3-ph bolted fault at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.25 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power output of inverters & PV plant
are given in figures below-

Figure 68: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage plot
2.5

2.25

1.75
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
73 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 69: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er f low f rom PV Plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er f low f rom PV Plant (MVAr)

Figure 70: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power output from inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er flow f rom Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er flow f rom Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
74 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

The observations are given below-

3 Phase impedance fault for 3.0 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 80% of its rated value for 3.0 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 80% of its rated value.

3 Phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 30% of its rated value for 1.0 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 1.0 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 30% of its rated value.

3 Phase impedance fault for 0.63 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to 15% of its rated value for 0.63 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase impedance fault for 0.63 sec
when voltage at POC is close to 15% of its rated value.

3 Phase fault for 0.25 sec

 22 kV POC observed grid voltage close to zero of its rated value for 0.25 sec. Voltage
recovers to its original value within 1 sec after clearing of the fault.
 Active and reactive power flow finally settles to initial value within 1 sec after clearing of
the fault.
 The result shows that the PV plant is able to sustain 3 phase bolted fault for 0.25 sec
when voltage at POC is close to zero.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
75 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6.2.3.2. Unsymmetrical fault

To check the plant‘s fault ride through capability, study carried out for unsymmetrical fault (single
line to ground fault) also with plant performance at unity power factor.

There is no option to plot the phase voltege in PSS/E during transient stability study. Phase
voltage observed and noted for single line to ground fault from short ciruit study. SLG fault
carried out with different fault impedance values, impedance values selected to get the desired
phase voltage for faulted phase. Therefore, phase voltage value of faulty phase is noted from
PSS/E short circuit output and plotted using excel tool.

Following cases carried out for unsymmentrical faults;

1. Case-a; SLG fault at 22 kV POC for 3 sec (faulted phase voltage is 0.8 pu during fault)
2. Case-b; SLG fault at 22 kV POC for 1 sec (faulted phase voltage is 0.3 pu during fault)
3. Case-c; SLG fault at 22 kV POC for 630 msec (faulted phase voltage is 0.15 pu during
fault)
4. Case-d; SLG fault at 22 kV POC for 250 msec (faulted phase voltage is 0.0 pu during fault)

1. Case-a:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: SLG fault (fault impedance 21.78 ohms) at 22 kV POC
At time t = 4.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.
Faulted phase voltage, 3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power
output of inverters & PV plant are given in figures below-
Figure 71: Voltage plot for the faulted phase (at 22kV grid bus)
Phase voltage plot for faulted phase
14
12
Voltage (kV)

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Time (Seconds)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
76 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 72: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage Plot
1.02

1.015

1.01

1.005
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)

Figure 73: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power output from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
77 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 74: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power flow from Inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
78 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

2. Case-b:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: SLG fault (fault impedance 2.61 ohms) at 22 kV POC
At time t = 2.0 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Faulted phase voltage, 3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power
output of inverters & PV plant are given in figures below-

Figure 75: Voltage plot for the faulted phase (at 22kV grid bus)
Phase voltage plot for faulted phase
14
12
Voltage (kV)

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Time (Seconds)

Figure 76: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage Plot
1.02

1.015

1.01

1.005
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
79 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 77: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power output from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 78: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power flow from Inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
80 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

3. Case-C:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: SLG fault (fault impedance 1.11 ohms) at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.63 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Faulted phase voltage, 3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power
output of inverters & PV plant are given in figures below-

Figure 79: Voltage plot for the faulted phase (at 22kV grid bus)
Phase voltage plot for faulted phase
14
12
Voltage (kV)

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Time (Seconds)

Figure 80: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage Plot
1.02

1.015

1.01

1.005
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
81 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 81: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power output from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output f rom PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 82: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power flow from Inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from Inverter (MVAr)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
82 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

4. Case-d:
Events considered are -
At time t = 1 sec: SLG fault (bolted) at 22 kV POC
At time t = 1.25 sec: clearing of fault
Simulation duration is 10 sec.

Faulted phase voltage, 3-phase bus voltages at 22kV grid bus, active power and reactive power
output of inverters & PV plant are given in figures below-

Figure 83: Voltage plot for the faulted phase (at 22kV grid bus)
Phase voltage plot for faulted phase
14
12
Voltage (kV)

10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Time (Seconds)

Figure 84: Bus voltage plot (22kV grid bus)

Grid Voltage Plot
1.02

1.015

1.01

1.005
Grid Voltage (PU)

0.995

0.99

0.985

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
83 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 85: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power output from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

Figure 86: Active & Reactive power output from inverter

Active & Reactive power flow from Inverter
2.25

2
Active Power (MW); Reactive power (MVAr)

1.75

1.5

1.25

0.75

0.5

0.25

-0.25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from Inverter (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output f rom Inverter (MVAr)

Simulation results during LG faults shows no reactive power supply during fault.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
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6.2.4. Case-4 (Over Voltage Ride Through):

Network considered operating in normal condition. Overvoltage is applied at 220 kV grid by

changing field voltage of exciter during the simulation. All the inverters considered operating in
UPF mode to see the plant response.

To check the Over voltage ride through capability of PV plant, over voltage applied at 220kV grid
and plant behavior observed up to nearly 30 minutes. Following voltages applied to the grid to
see the Over voltage ride through capability of PV plant-
A. Case-A: 1.1 pu voltage
B. Case-B: 1.15 pu voltage

6.2.4.1. Case-A (1.1 pu voltage):

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.1 pu

Simulation duration is considered 1850 sec. Plots are given below

Figure 87: Grid Voltage plot

Grid Voltage plot

1.175

1.15

1.125

1.1
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.075

1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95

0.925
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
85 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 88: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

6.2.4.2. Case-B (1.15 pu voltage):

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.0 pu
Time t = 5 sec; grid voltage (220 kV side) is set 1.15 pu
Simulation duration is considered 1850 sec. Plots are given below

Figure 89: Grid Voltage plot

Grid Voltage plot
1.225

1.2

1.175

1.15

1.125
Grid Voltage (PU)

1.1

1.075

1.05

1.025

0.975

0.95
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
86 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 90: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 250 500 750 1,000 1,250 1,500 1,750 2,000 2,250 2,500
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output f rom PV plant (MVAr)

Simulations depicts that plant is able to inject active power within the voltage range of 1.0 pu to
1.15 pu at UPF.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
87 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6.2.5. Case-5 (Frequency ride through):

Frequency ride through capability of the plant is observed by step changing of inverter frequency
from 47.5 Hz to 51.5 Hz.
Network considered operating in normal condition. All the inverters considered operating in UPF
mode to see the plant response.

Inverter control parameters considered are summarized below-

Power frequency limitation (P(f) limit) type selected is 2 (increamental type)
P(f) corner frequency is considered 0.2 (50.2 Hz).
P(f) frequency slope is considered 40% (0.4).
P(f) release frequency is considered 0.2 (50.2 Hz).

Events considered are –

Time t = 0 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz
Time t = 5 sec; frequency is set 47.5 Hz
Time t = 5.5 sec; frequency is set 51.5 Hz
Time t = 5.6 sec; frequency is set 50.0 Hz

Simulation is carried out for 10 sec. Plots are given below-

Figure 91: Grid Voltage & frequency plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.05

1.04

1.03
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.02

1.01

0.99

0.98

0.97

0.96

0.95

0.94
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Grid Voltage (PU) g
b
c
d
e
f Frequency (PU)
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
88 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 92: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

From the above plots, it is observed that solar plant is able to operate over the frequency ranges
as per the grid code requirement.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
89 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6.2.6. Case-6 (Voltage fluctuations):

Network considered operating in normal condition. All the inverters considered operating in UPF
mode to see the plant response.
Breaker operation considered as mentioned in the Plant SLD shared by the client in the event of
tripping/outage of any outgoing feeder.

Voltage fluctuation verified with the following cases-

A. Tripping of 22kV outgoing feeder-1 from PV plant
B. Tripping of 22kV outgoing feeder-2 from PV plant
C. Tripping of 22kV outgoing feeder-3 from PV plant

6.2.6.1. Case-A (Tripping of 22kV outgoing feeder-1 from PV plant):

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; plant operating under normal condition
Time t = 2 sec; 22kV outgoing feeder-1 from PV plant trips and BS-1 i.e. Breaker between
22kV POC 1 & 2 close.

Simulation duration is considered 10 sec. Plots are given below

Figure 93: Grid voltage & Frequency plot

Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.02

1.016

1.012
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.008

1.004

0.996

0.992

0.988

0.984

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

g
b
c
d
e
f Grid Voltage at POC (1) f
g
b
c
d
e Grid Voltage at POC (2) g
b
c
d
e
f Grid Voltage at POC (3)
b
c
d
e
f
g Frequency
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
90 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 94: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output f rom PV plant (MVAr)

6.2.6.2. Case-B (Tripping of 22kV outgoing feeder-2 from PV plant):

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; plant operating under normal condition
Time t = 2 sec; 22kV outgoing feeder-2 from PV plant trips and BS-2 i.e. Breaker between
22kV POC 2 & 3 close.
Simulation duration is considered 10 sec. Plots are given below
Figure 95: Grid voltage & Frequency plot
Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.02

1.016

1.012
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.008

1.004

0.996

0.992

0.988

0.984

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

g
b
c
d
e
f Grid Voltage at POC (1) f
g
b
c
d
e Grid Voltage at POC (2) g
b
c
d
e
f Grid Voltage at POC (3)
b
c
d
e
f
g Frequency
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
91 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 96: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output f rom PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Reactive pow er output f rom PV plant (MVAr)

6.2.6.3. Case-C (Tripping of 22kV outgoing feeder-3 from PV plant):

Events considered for the simulation are given below-
Time t = 0 sec; plant operating under normal condition
Time t = 2 sec; 22kV outgoing feeder-3 from PV plant trips and BS-2 i.e Breaker between
22kV POC 2 & 3 close.
Simulation duration is considered 10 sec. Plots are given below
Figure 97: Grid voltage & Frequency plot
Grid Voltage & Frequency Plot
1.02

1.016

1.012
Grid Voltage (PU); Frequency (PU)

1.008

1.004

0.996

0.992

0.988

0.984

0.98
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

g
b
c
d
e
f Grid Voltage at POC (1) f
g
b
c
d
e Grid Voltage at POC (2) g
b
c
d
e
f Grid Voltage at POC (3)
b
c
d
e
f
g Frequency
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
92 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Figure 98: Active & Reactive power output from PV plant

Active & Reactive power flow from PV plant
80

70
Active Power (MW); Reactive Power (MVAr)

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10

-20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (seconds)

b
c
d
e
f
g Active pow er output from PV plant (MW) b
c
d
e
f
g Rective pow er output from PV plant (MVAr)

No significant voltage drop/fluctuation is observed (drop less than 1%) at 22kV POC for
disconnection/connection of feeder carrying rated power.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
93 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

7. CONCLUSION
In this report transient stability/dynamic studies are carried out for 50 MW Solar PV plant
connected at Beneban substation at 22 kV level. Cases are simulated in order to understand the
network behaviour followed by transient events to ensure grid code compliance.

Study results can be summarized as given below.

Case-1 (Active Power Control):

Active Power Control capability of the plant is verified by carrying out following simulations.
 Case-1A: Active power output w.r.t change in Voltage & frequency
It is observed from the above plots, the Solar Plant is continue injecting Actual Active
Power within the first frequency range of 47.5Hz up to 50.2 Hz or grid voltage range at
the Grid Connection Point for the time periods. However, beyond 50.2Hz frequency
plant active power reduced as per grid code requirement.
 Case-1B: Active power reduction by defined set point – Curtailment
It is verified from the results that the Solar PV Plant is able to reduce the Actual Active
Power within steps of 10% of the nominal generation capacity of the Solar Plant as
per the grid code requirement.
 Case-1C: Active power reduction due to over frequency (Plant P-f response)
The result shows, at 22kV point of interconnection at grid, total active power
generation from PV plant reduces with increase in frequency. Rate of decrease in
active power is in line with grid code requirement.

Case-2 (Reactive power control):

 From the results, it is observed that PV plant is able to operate in following reactive
power control modes;
1. Set-point control of reactive power Q- (case-a)
2. Set-point control of power factor (cos φ) - (case-b)
3. Fixed power factor (cos φ) - (case-c)
4. Characteristic: power factor as a function of active power output of the Solar Plant,
cos φ(P) - (case-d)
5. Characteristic: reactive power as a function of voltage, Q(U) - (case-e)
 Also, it is observed that the Solar Plant is able to control reactive power at the Grid
Connection Point in a range of 0.95 lagging to 0.95 leading at maximum active power.

Case-3 (Fault Ride Through):

 Result shows that plant is able to Ride during the faults (both symmetrical &
unsymmetrical faults) for the different operating conditions as per the grid code.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
94 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Case-4 (Over Voltage Ride Through):

 Simulations depicts that plant is able to inject active power within the voltage range of
1.0 pu to 1.15 pu at UPF.

Case-5 (Frequency Ride Through):

 From the plots, it is observed that solar plant is able to operate over the frequency ranges
as per the grid code requirement.

Case-6 (Voltage fluctuations):

 No significant voltage drop/fluctuation is observed (drop less than 1%) at 22kV POC for
disconnection/connection of feeder carrying rated power.

Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no constraint of connecting 50 MW to grid at 22 kV

Benban substation from transient stability point of view.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
95 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

8. REFERENCE
[1] Solar Energy Plants Grid connection code, Egypt March,2017
[2] Modeling od ABB-PVS980 solar inverter in PSS/E version 32/33
[3] Steady state Analysis Report for 50MW Solar PV plant at Benban, Egypt, Rev-01 dated 18th
april 2018.
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
96 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

9. LIST OF ANNEXURES
Annexure-1 Network input data
Annexure-2 inverter parameter (main001.txt)
Annexure-3 Plant PSS/E SLD
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
97 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Annexure-1
Input data of Network model for dynamic study
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
98 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Raw File Data

0, 1.00, 33, 0, 1, 50.00 / PSS(R)E-33.2 TUE, Apr 10 2018 11:18
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N/W STUDY LOAD SCENARIO
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6008,6_BL_32_2,0.66,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
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Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
99 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6009,6_BL_32_3,0.66,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
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 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
100 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

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4002,4_Aux_2,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4003,4_Aux_3,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4004,4_Aux_4,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4005,4_Aux_5,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4006,4_Aux_6,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4007,4_Aux_7,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4008,4_Aux_8,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
4009,4_Aux_9,0.4,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
220,2_BEN220,220,3,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
2,22_Ben_32,22,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
3,22_Ben_33,22,1,1,1,1,1,0,1.1,0.9,1.1,0.9
0 / END OF BUS DATA, BEGIN LOAD DATA
40001,1,1,1,1,0.06415,3.10692630253482E-02,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4001,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4002,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4003,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4004,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4005,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4006,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4007,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4008,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
4009,1,1,1,1,0.016,7.74915367740564E-03,0,0,0,0,1,1,0
0 / END OF LOAD DATA, BEGIN FIXED SHUNT DATA
0 / END OF FIXED SHUNT DATA, BEGIN GENERATOR DATA
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
101 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

220,1,100,0,9999,-9999,1,0,100,0.00166,0.0166,0,0,1,1,100,9999,-
9999,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0
601,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
602,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
603,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
604,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
605,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
606,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
607,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
608,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
609,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
610,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
611,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
612,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
613,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
614,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
615,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
616,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
617,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
618,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
619,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
620,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
621,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
622,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
623,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
624,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
625,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
626,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
627,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
628,1,2,0,2,-2,1,0,2,0,9999,0,0,1,1,100,2,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0
0 / END OF GENERATOR DATA, BEGIN BRANCH DATA
21,22,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1
22,23,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1
21,1,1,7.87878787878788E-05,2.04132231404959E-04,3.55804217574966E-
02,62.87,62.87,62.87,0,0,0,0,1,1,2.6,1,1
22,2,1,7.87878787878788E-05,2.04132231404959E-04,3.55804217574966E-
02,62.87,62.87,62.87,0,0,0,0,1,1,2.6,1,1
23,3,1,7.87878787878788E-05,2.04132231404959E-04,3.55804217574966E-
02,62.87,62.87,62.87,0,0,0,0,1,1,2.6,1,1
21,201,1,2.38314049586777E-04,4.08223140495868E-04,7.84898021846997E-
02,17.15,17.15,17.15,0,0,0,0,1,1,1.78,1,1
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
102 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

21,203,1,2.91681818181818E-04,3.33595041322314E-04,5.03599815644567E-
02,14.67,14.67,14.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,1.38,1,1
22,205,1,1.33884297520661E-04,2.29338842975207E-04,4.40953944857863E-
02,17.15,17.15,17.15,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1
22,206,1,2.11363636363636E-04,2.41735537190083E-
04,0.036492740264099,14.67,14.67,14.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1
22,20001,1,6.69421487603306E-06,5.20661157024793E-06,6.08212337734984E-
04,12,12,12,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
23,207,1,9.37190082644628E-05,1.60537190082645E-04,3.08667761400504E-
02,17.15,17.15,17.15,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.7,1,1
23,209,1,0.000093,1.06363636363636E-04,1.60568057162036E-
02,14.67,14.67,14.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.44,1,1
201,202,1,2.17561983471074E-05,1.69214876033058E-05,1.9766900976387E-
03,12,12,12,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.065,1,1
205,204,1,1.58987603305785E-04,1.23657024793388E-04,1.44450430212059E-
02,12,12,12,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.475,1,1
207,208,1,2.17561983471074E-05,1.69214876033058E-05,1.9766900976387E-
03,12,12,12,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.065,1,1
201,2001,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
201,2010,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
202,2002,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
203,2003,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
203,2011,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
204,2004,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
205,2005,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
205,2012,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
206,2006,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
206,2013,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
207,2007,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
207,2014,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
103 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

208,2008,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
209,2009,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
209,2015,1,4.3595041322314E-06,2.68595041322314E-06,2.73695551980743E-
04,10.67,10.67,10.67,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.01,1,1
601,6001,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
602,6002,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
603,6003,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
604,6004,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
605,6005,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
606,6006,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
607,6007,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
608,6008,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
609,6009,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
610,6010,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
611,6011,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
612,6012,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
613,6013,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
614,6014,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
615,6015,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
616,6016,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
617,6017,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
618,6018,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
104 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

619,6019,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
620,6020,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
621,6021,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
622,6022,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
623,6023,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
624,6024,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
625,6025,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
626,6026,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
627,6027,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
628,6028,1,7.00183654729109E-04,4.59136822773186E-04,2.15535247184835E-
07,2.68,2.68,2.68,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.015,1,1
6002,61,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6003,61,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6005,62,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6007,63,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6008,63,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6011,64,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6013,65,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6014,65,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6017,66,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6018,66,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6021,67,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
105 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6022,67,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6024,68,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6026,69,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
6027,69,1,0.112029384756657,3.67309458218549E-03,4.92651993565337E-
07,0.09,0.09,0.09,0,0,0,0,1,1,0.02,1,1
1,2,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1
2,3,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1
0 / END OF BRANCH DATA, BEGIN TRANSFORMER DATA
2010,6003,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.00875,0.07,2
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
2014,6022,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.00875,0.07,2
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
20001,40001,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.1
1,0,0,0.1,0.1,0.1,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
61,4001,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
62,4002,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
63,4003,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
64,4004,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
65,4005,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
106 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

1,0
66,4006,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
67,4007,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
68,4008,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
69,4009,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Dy11'
0.005,0.04,0.02
1,0,0,0.02,0.02,0.02,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
220,1,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Yyn0'
0.003145,0.1258,175
1,0,0,175,175,175,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
220,2,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Yyn0'
0.003145,0.1258,175
1,0,0,175,175,175,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
220,3,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'Yyn0'
0.003145,0.1258,175
1,0,0,175,175,175,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0
6001,6002,2001,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6004,6005,2002,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6006,6007,2003,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
107 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6008,6009,2011,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6010,6011,2004,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6012,6013,2005,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6014,6015,2012,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6016,6017,2006,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6018,6019,2013,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6020,6021,2007,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6023,6024,2008,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
108 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6025,6026,2009,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
6027,6028,2015,1,1,2,1,0,0,1,'',1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,'YN0yn0D1'
0.035,0.28,4,0.0175,0.14,4,0.0175,0.14,4,1,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,2,2,2,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
1,0,0,4,4,4,0,0,1.01,0.99,1.1,0.9,5,0,0,0,0
0 / END OF TRANSFORMER DATA, BEGIN AREA DATA
0 / END OF AREA DATA, BEGIN TWO-TERMINAL DC DATA
0 / END OF TWO-TERMINAL DC DATA, BEGIN VSC DC LINE DATA
0 / END OF VSC DC LINE DATA, BEGIN IMPEDANCE CORRECTION DATA
0 / END OF IMPEDANCE CORRECTION DATA, BEGIN MULTI-TERMINAL DC DATA
0 / END OF MULTI-TERMINAL DC DATA, BEGIN MULTI-SECTION LINE DATA
0 / END OF MULTI-SECTION LINE DATA, BEGIN ZONE DATA
0 / END OF ZONE DATA, BEGIN INTER-AREA TRANSFER DATA
0 / END OF INTER-AREA TRANSFER DATA, BEGIN OWNER DATA
0 / END OF OWNER DATA, BEGIN FACTS DEVICE DATA
0 / END OF FACTS DEVICE DATA, BEGIN SWITCHED SHUNT DATA
0 / END OF SWITCHED SHUNT DATA, BEGIN GNE DATA
0 / END OF GNE DATA, BEGIN INDUCTION MACHINE DATA
0 / END OF INDUCTION MACHINE DATA
Q
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
109 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Seq File Data

0, 33 / PSS(R)E-33.4 TUE, Apr 10 2018 11:18

220,1,0.00166,0.0166,0.0166,0.0166,0.00001,0.0166,0.00001,0.026,1,0,0
601,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
602,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
603,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
604,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
605,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
606,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
607,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
608,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
609,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
610,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
611,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
612,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
613,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
614,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
615,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
616,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
617,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
618,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
619,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
620,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
621,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
622,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
623,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
624,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
625,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
626,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
627,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
628,1,0,1.05,1.05,1.05,0,1.05,0,1.05,1,0,0
0 / END OF MACHINE IMPEDANCE DATA, BEGIN LOAD DATA
0 / END OF LOAD DATA, BEGIN ZERO SEQ. NON-TRANSFORMER BRANCH DATA
21,22,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
22,23,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
21,1,1,0.00016,0.00041,0.07117,0,0,0,0
22,2,1,0.00016,0.00041,0.07117,0,0,0,0
23,3,1,0.00016,0.00041,0.07117,0,0,0,0
21,201,1,0.00048,0.00082,0.15698,0,0,0,0
21,203,1,0.00059,0.00067,0.10072,0,0,0,0
22,205,1,0.00027,0.00046,0.0882,0,0,0,0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
110 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

22,206,1,0.00043,0.00049,0.07299,0,0,0,0
22,20001,1,0.00002,0.00002,0.00122,0,0,0,0
23,207,1,0.00019,0.00033,0.06174,0,0,0,0
23,209,1,0.00019,0.00022,0.03212,0,0,0,0
201,202,1,0.00005,0.00004,0.00396,0,0,0,0
205,204,1,0.00032,0.00025,0.0289,0,0,0,0
207,208,1,0.00005,0.00004,0.00396,0,0,0,0
201,2001,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
201,2010,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
202,2002,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
203,2003,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
203,2011,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
204,2004,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
205,2005,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
205,2012,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
206,2006,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
206,2013,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
207,2007,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
207,2014,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
208,2008,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
209,2009,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
209,2015,1,0.00001,0.00001,0.00055,0,0,0,0
601,6001,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
602,6002,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
603,6003,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
604,6004,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
605,6005,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
606,6006,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
607,6007,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
608,6008,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
609,6009,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
610,6010,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
611,6011,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
612,6012,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
613,6013,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
614,6014,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
615,6015,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
616,6016,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
617,6017,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
618,6018,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
619,6019,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
620,6020,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
111 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

621,6021,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
622,6022,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
623,6023,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
624,6024,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
625,6025,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
626,6026,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
627,6027,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
628,6028,1,0.00141,0.00092,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6002,61,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6003,61,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6005,62,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6007,63,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6008,63,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6011,64,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6013,65,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6014,65,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6017,66,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6018,66,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6021,67,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6022,67,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6024,68,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6026,69,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
6027,69,1,0.22406,0.00735,0.00001,0,0,0,0
1,2,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
2,3,@1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
0 / END OF ZERO SEQ. NON-TRANSFORMER BRANCH DATA, BEGIN ZERO SEQ. MUTUAL DATA
0 / END OF ZERO SEQ. MUTUAL DATA, BEGIN ZERO SEQ. TRANSFORMER DATA
2010,6003,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.00875,0.07,0,0,0,0,0,0
2014,6022,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.00875,0.07,0,0,0,0,0,0
20001,40001,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
61,4001,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
62,4002,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
63,4003,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
64,4004,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
65,4005,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
66,4006,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
67,4007,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
68,4008,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
69,4009,0,1,1,2,1,0,0,0.005,0.04,0,0,0,0,0,0
220,1,0,1,1,2,16,0.0875,0.0875,0.00179714,0.0718857,0.0875,0.0875,0.181,7.2314,0,0
220,2,0,1,1,2,16,0.0875,0.0875,0.00179714,0.0718857,0.0875,0.0875,0.181,7.2314,0,0
220,3,0,1,1,2,16,0.0875,0.0875,0.00179714,0.0718857,0.0875,0.0875,0.181,7.2314,0,0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
112 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

6001,6002,2001,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6004,6005,2002,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6006,6007,2003,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6008,6009,2011,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6010,6011,2004,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6012,6013,2005,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6014,6015,2012,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6016,6017,2006,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6018,6019,2013,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6020,6021,2007,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6023,6024,2008,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6025,6026,2009,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
6027,6028,2015,1,1,2,11,0,0,0.035,0.28,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0,0.0175,0.14,0,0
0 / END OF ZERO SEQ. TRANSFORMER DATA, BEGIN ZERO SEQ. SWITCHED SHUNT DATA
0 / END OF ZERO SEQ. SWITCHED SHUNT DATA, BEGIN ZERO SEQ. FIXED SHUNT DATA
0 / END OF ZERO SEQ. FIXED SHUNT DATA, BEGIN INDUCTION MACHINE DATA
0 / END OF INDUCTION MACHINE DATA
Q
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
113 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

dynamic file data:

220,'GENCLS',1,0.00,0.0000/
220,'USRMDL',1,'EFDEX',4,0,0,1,0,0,1.00/

601,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
602,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
603,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
604,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
605,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
606,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
607,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
608,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
609,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
610,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
611,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
612,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
613,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
614,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
615,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
616,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
617,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
618,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
619,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
620,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
621,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
622,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
623,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
624,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
625,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
626,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
627,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/
628,'WT4G1',1,0.0000,0.0000,0.40000,0.90000,1.0000,1.2000,2.0000,2.0000,0.0000/

601,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
602,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
603,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
604,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
605,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
606,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
607,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
608,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
609,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
114 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

610,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
611,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
612,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
613,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
614,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
615,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
616,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
617,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
618,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
619,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
620,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
621,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
622,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
623,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
624,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
625,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
626,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
627,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
628,'USRMDL',1,'PVS980',102,0,0,11,0,0,0,0,1000,25,0,0,1,0,0,100,0.66/
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
115 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

Annexure-2
Invereter Parameter file
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
116 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

%========== SolarSim =================================================

%
P_r32PBase 2000518.683
P_r32VBase 660.000000
P_r32fBase 50
%
%========== Simulation =================================================
%
P_SimType 0
P_Tsa 500e-6
P_Ts 500e-6
%
%========== Initial conditions ============================================
%
P_P0 0
%
%========== Q Chain parameters ============================================
%
P_QChain_g_r32Unom 660
%
%========== Scaling parameters ============================================
%
P_SCALE_V 1000
P_SCALE_I 1000
%
%========== PV parameters =================================================
%
P_PV_Isc 8.89
P_PV_Voc 38.93
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
117 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P_PV_alpha 4e-04
P_PV_beta -4e-04
P_PV_Impp_stc 8.18
P_PV_Vmpp_stc 31.2
P_PV_Cg 2.541e-03
P_PV_Cv 8.593e-02
P_PV_Cr 1.088e-04
P_PV_FFu 0.8
P_PV_FFi 0.9
P_PV_G_stc 1000
P_PV_T_stc 298
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%% PARAMETER %%
%% GROUPS %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 1 2 4 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% Reactive Power Reference %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P124_04_QrefScale 1
P124_06_QpowRefType 3.000000
P124_11_IreactRefMax 80
P124_12_IreactRefMin -80
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
118 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P124_14_IreactRampU 1000
P124_15_IreactRampD 1000
P124_20_ACcontrolGain 0.1
P124_21_ACcontrolIntT 40
P124_22_ACdiffMax 10
P124_23_ACdiffMin -10
P124_30_QxInputSignal 2.000000
P124_31_LockInLvl 0.000000
P124_32_LockOutLvl 0.000000
P124_33_QxInputLvl1 20.000000
P124_34_QxInputLvl2 50.000000
P124_35_QxInputLvl3 50.000000
P124_36_QxInputLvl4 100.000000
P124_37_QxInputLvl5 100.000000
P124_38_QxInputLvl6 100.000000
P124_39_QxOutputLvl1 1.000000
P124_40_QxOutputLvl2 1.000000
P124_41_QxOutputLvl3 -1.000000
P124_42_QxOutputLvl4 -0.900000
P124_43_QxOutputLvl5 -0.900000
P124_44_QxOutputLvl6 -0.900000
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 1 2 5 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% FRT Support Curve %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P125_01_GSmode 2
P125_02_SigSel_GS_SYM 4.000000
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
119 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P125_03_SigSel_GS_ASYM 0.000000
P125_04_UGS_TrigLow 90.000000
P125_05_LvGsGain 2.000000
P125_06_LVRT_P1x 90.000000
P125_07_LVRT_P1y 25.000000
P125_08_LVRT_P2x 80.000000
P125_09_LVRT_P2y 50.000000
P125_10_LVRT_P3x 60.000000
P125_11_LVRT_P3y 80.000000
P125_12_LVRT_P4x 25.000000
P125_13_LVRT_P4y 100.000000
P125_14_LVRT_P5x 10.000000
P125_15_LVRT_P5y 100.000000
%
P125_18_UGS_TrigHigh 200.000000
P125_19_HvGsGain 2.000000
P125_20_HVRT_P1x 100.000000
P125_21_HVRT_P1y 0.000000
P125_22_HVRT_P2x 100.000000
P125_23_HVRT_P2y 0.000000
P125_24_HVRT_P3x 100.000000
P125_25_HVRT_P3y 0.000000
%
P125_28_IreactRampUp 23.000000
P125_29_IreactRampDown 23.000000
P125_30_IpowRampUp 100.000000
P125_31_IpowRampDown 100.000000
%
P125_36_GSAfterDipTime 50.000000
P125_37_FrtImaxLimit 100.000000
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
120 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

%
P125_39_FrtACUgridRef 90
P125_40_FrtACctrl_Kp 10
P125_41_FrtACctrl_Ti 100
P125_42_FrtAcDiffMax 10
P125_43_FrtAcDiffMin -10
P125_44_FrtAcImax 100
P125_45_FrtAcImin -100
%
P125_49_GsPreFltAvgT 5.000000
P125_50_IreactBaseType 0.000000
P125_51_GsRefVoltage 2.000000
%
P125_52_PowerReverse 4.000000
P125_53_MaxCurrentReserve 50
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 1 2 6 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% FRT Tripping Curve %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P126_01_FRTenable 1.000000
P126_02_SigSel_LVRT_SYM 4.000000
P126_03_SigSel_LVRT_ASYM 4.000000
P126_04_SigSel_HVRT_SYM 2.000000
P126_05_SigSel_HVRT_ASYM 2.000000
P126_06_NegSeqTrig 3.000000
%
P126_10_LVRTtrig 90.000000
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
121 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P126_11_LVRT_UrecHyst 15.000000
P126_12_LVRT_sec1_ms 6000.000000
P126_13_LVRT_sec2_ms 6000.000000
P126_14_LVRT_sec3_ms 6000.000000
P126_15_LVRT_sec4_ms 6000.000000
P126_16_LVRT_sec5_ms 6000.000000
P126_17_LVRT_ext_ms 6000.000000
P126_18_LVRT_U1bgn 0.000000
P126_19_LVRT_U1end 0.000000
P126_20_LVRT_U2bgn 0.000000
P126_21_LVRT_U2end 20.000000
P126_22_LVRT_U3bgn 20.000000
P126_23_LVRT_U3end 40.000000
P126_24_LVRT_U4bgn 40.000000
P126_25_LVRT_U4end 60.000000
P126_26_LVRT_U5bgn 60.000000
P126_27_LVRT_U5end 80.000000
P126_28_LVRT_Uext 80.000000
%
P126_30_HVRTtrig 130.000000
P126_31_HVRT_UrecHyst 5.000000
P126_32_HVRT_sec1_ms 100.000000
P126_33_HVRT_sec2_ms 400.000000
P126_34_HVRT_sec3_ms 2000.000000
%
P126_37_HVRT_U1bgn 130.000000
P126_38_HVRT_U1end 130.000000
P126_39_HVRT_U2bgn 120.000000
P126_40_HVRT_U2end 120.000000
P126_41_HVRT_U3bgn 115.000000
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
122 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P126_42_HVRT_U3end 115.000000
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 1 3 0 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% Limits %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P130_46_IMaxUser 130.000000
P130_48_PowLimMax 130
P130_49_PowLimMin -130
P130_62_PfLimType 2.000000
P130_63_PfCornerFreq 0.200000
P130_64_PfLimitGradient 40.000000
P130_65_PfReleaseFreq 0.200000
P130_66_PfReleaseTime 0.000000
P130_67_PfReleaseRamp 10.000000
P130_68_PfReleRampRef 1.000000
P130_69_PfActivationDelay 0
P130_75_ExtPowLimit 200
P130_76_PULimiter 0.000000
P130_77_PUtriggerLvl 110.000000
P130_78_PUreleaseLvl 110.000000
P130_79_PUlimitLvl 20.000000
P130_80_PUlimitRamp 50
P130_81_PUreleaseRamp 20.000000
P130_82_PUendLvl 115.000000
P130_90_FlatTopLimit 200
P130_101_LimitPriority 2.000000
P130_102_AppPowLimit 120.000000
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
123 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 1 3 5 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% Grid Monitoring %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P135_04_NominalFrequency 50
%
P135_30_UnderfrequencyEnable1 1
P135_31_UnderfrequencyLimit1 -2.5
P135_32_UnderfrequencyTime1 100
P135_33_UnderfrequencyEnable2 0
P135_34_UnderfrequencyLimit2 -1
P135_35_UnderfrequencyTime2 100
%
P135_40_OverfrequencyEnable1 1
P135_41_OverfrequencyLimit1 1.5
P135_42_OverfrequencyTime1 100
P135_43_OverfrequencyEnable2 0
P135_44_OverfrequencyLimit2 1
P135_45_OverfrequencyTime2 100
%
P135_50_UndervoltageEnable1 0
P135_51_UndervoltageLimit1 88
P135_52_UndervoltageTime1 2000
P135_53_UndervoltageEnable2 0
P135_54_UndervoltageLimit2 50
P135_55_UndervoltageTime2 160
P135_56_UndervoltageEnable3 0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
124 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P135_57_UndervoltageLimit3 80
P135_58_UndervoltageTime3 0
P135_59_UndervoltageEnable4 0
P135_60_UndervoltageLimit4 80
P135_61_UndervoltageTime4 0
%
P135_63_OvervoltageEnable1 0
P135_64_OvervoltageLimit1 130
P135_65_OvervoltageTime1 0
P135_66_OvervoltageEnable2 0
P135_67_OvervoltageLimit2 120
P135_68_OvervoltageTime2 160
P135_69_OvervoltageEnable3 0
P135_70_OvervoltageLimit3 110
P135_71_OvervoltageTime3 1000
P135_72_OvervoltageEnable4 0
P135_73_OvervoltageLimit4 130
P135_74_OvervoltageTime4 0
%
P135_131_OverfrequencyEnable3 0
P135_132_OverfrequencyLimit3 1
P135_133_OverfrequencyTime3 100
P135_134_OverfrequencyEnable4 0
P135_135_OverfrequencyLimit4 1
P135_136_OverfrequencyTime4 100
%
P135_137_UnderfrequencyEnable3 0
P135_138_UnderfrequencyLimit3 -1
P135_139_UnderfrequencyTime3 100
P135_140_UnderfrequencyEnable4 0
 Project Consultant
Grid Compliance study for 50MW Solar PV plant at
Benban, Egypt
Contract
Agrrement
Dated 29.12.2017
Sheet Report & Rev No.
125 of 125 ISN/5427PP2576/2 Rev-05

P135_141_UnderfrequencyLimit4 -1
P135_142_UnderfrequencyTime4 100
P135_143_UnderfrequencyEnable5 0
P135_144_UnderfrequencyLimit5 -1
P135_145_UnderfrequencyTime5 100
P135_146_UnderfrequencyEnable6 0
P135_147_UnderfrequencyLimit6 -1
P135_148_UnderfrequencyTime6 100
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 1 7 8 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% MPPT settings %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P178_40_FRTfastRec 0.000000
P178_41_FRTrecRamp 1000.000000
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%%%%%%% G R O U P 2 0 3 %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%% Solar simulator %%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
P203_04_ModulesInSer 38
P203_05_ParalStrings 212
%
%========== Softare version compatible with this param file ============
%
P_ParamVer 2.001