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National Public School: Aim: Study of Insecticides and Pesticides in Fruits and Vegetables

1. Kshama Prasad, a 12th grade student, studied the presence of nitrogen-containing pesticides in fruits and vegetables like apples, grapes, brinjal, and tomatoes. 2. An extraction and testing procedure was used to analyze samples for the presence of nitrogen, which would indicate pesticide residue. 3. The results showed that all fruit and vegetable samples tested positive for nitrogen and thus pesticide residues.

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164 views10 pages

National Public School: Aim: Study of Insecticides and Pesticides in Fruits and Vegetables

1. Kshama Prasad, a 12th grade student, studied the presence of nitrogen-containing pesticides in fruits and vegetables like apples, grapes, brinjal, and tomatoes. 2. An extraction and testing procedure was used to analyze samples for the presence of nitrogen, which would indicate pesticide residue. 3. The results showed that all fruit and vegetable samples tested positive for nitrogen and thus pesticide residues.

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NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL

CHIKKABANAVARA,
BANGALORE
2019-2020

AIM: STUDY OF INSECTICIDES AND


PESTICIDES IN FRUITS AND
VEGETABLES

NAME: KSHAMA PRASAD


CLASS: 12 A
ROLL NO: 06
INTRODUCTION
Fruits and vegetables play an important role in
human nutrition and health; they constitute an
important part of our daily diet. They are important
sources of carbohydrates, vitamins, trace minerals,
and antioxidants.
The human population has grown tremendously in
the past few decades. To meet its demand, yields of
various crops had to be increased and this was
achieved with the help of pesticides and insecticides.
A pesticide is any substance/mixture of substance
intended for preventing, destroying, repelling or
mitigating pests. These are sprayed over the crops.
Some examples are DDT, BHC, zinc phosphide,
dinitrophenol,etc
All pesticides are poisonous chemicals and are used
in small quantities with care. Pesticides are proven
to be effective against variety of insects, weeds and
fungi and are respectively called insecticides,
herbicides and fungicides. Most of the pesticides are
non-biodegradable and remain penetrated as such
into plants, fruits and vegetables. From plants they
transfer to animals, birds and human beings who eat
these polluted fruits and vegetables. Ie, biological
magnification takes place.
Inside the body they get accumulated and cause
serious health problems. These days preference is
given to biodegradable insecticides like malathion.
The presence of Insecticides residues in even raw
samples of wheat, fish, meat, butter etc have
aroused the concern of agricultural administrators,
scientists and health officials all over the world to
put a check over the use of insecticides and to
search for non-insecticidal means of pest control.
OBJECTIVE:
To study the presence of insecticides or
pesticides (nitrogen containing) in various fruits
and vegetables
THEORY
The use of pesticides to control pests in fruits and
vegetables can lead to the presence of pesticide
residues. The level of these residues can be below
the maximum residue limit (MRL) if good agricultural
practices (GAP) were used. The presence of residues
with level exceeding MRLs should be interpreted as
violation of GAP. In many reports, pesticide residues
are present in most fruits and vegetables; they are
more detected in fruits than in vegetables. The
percentage of exceeding MRLs is less than 20% in
most monitoring programs. The risk assessment for
long-term and short-term exposure must be done
for all pesticides detected to ensure consumer’s
health protection.
INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

AIM:
To study the presence of insecticides or pesticides
(nitrogen containing) in various fruits and
vegetables.
REQUIREMENTS:
 Mortar and pestle
 Beakers
 Funnel
 Glass rod
 Filter paper
 China dish
 Water bath
 Tripod stand
 Fusion tube
 Knife
 Test tube
 Samples of various fruits and vegetables
 Alcohol
 Sodium metal
 Ferric chloride
 Ferrous sulphate crystals
 Distilled water
 dil. Sulphuric acid.
PROCEDURE:
1. Take different types of fruits and vegetables and cut
them into small pieces separately.
2. Transfer the cut pieces of various fruits and
vegetables into it separately and crush them .
3. Take different kinds for each kind of fruits and
vegetables and place the crushed fruits and
vegetables in these beakers and add 100 ml of alcohol
to each of these.
4. Stir well and filter. Collect the filtrate in separate
china dishes
5. Evaporate the alcohol by heating the china dishes
one by one over a water bath and let the residue dry
in the oven.
6. Heat a small piece of sodium in a fusion tube, till it
melts.
7. Then add one of the above residues from the china
dish to this fusion tube and heat it till red hot.
8. Drop the hot fusion tube in a china dish containing
about 10 ml of distilled water.
9. Break the tube and boil the contents of the china
dish for about 5 minutes.
10. Cool and filter the solution. Collect the filtrate.
11. To the filtrate add 1 ml of freshly prepared
ferrous sulphate solution and warm the contents.
12. Then add 2-3 drops of ferric chloride solution
and acidify with dilute HCl.
13. If a blue or green ppt. or colouration is obtained
it indicates the presence of nitrogen containing
insecticides.
14. Repeat the test of nitrogen for residues obtained
from other fruits and vegetables and record the
observation.
OBSERVATIONS
S.no Name of the fruit Test for the presence of
or vegetable nitrogen (positive or negative)
1. Apple Positive
2. Grapes Positive
3. Brinjal Positive
4. Tomato Positive

RESULT
The required analysis for pesticides and
insecticides in fruits and vegetables has been
made.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Firstly, I’d like to thank our respected
principal, Mrs. Mary Thomas, for providing
us the required time and requirements for
performing the activity.
I would also like to take this opportunity to
extend my gratitude to our Chemistry
teacher, Mrs. Radhika and our Lab teacher,
Miss. Sarika for their constant support and
guidance.
Last but not the least, a huge thank you to my
Lab partner, Faisal Bari, for helping me in the
compiling and the completion of the project.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Kshama Prasad of
Grade XII ‘A’, National Public School,
Chikkabanavara, has completed her
Investigatory Project on the topic “The
presence of insecticides or pesticides
(nitrogen containing) in various fruits and
vegetables.” for the Academic Year 2019-
2020 in partial fulfillment of the Chemistry
Practical Examination conducted by CBSE.

_________________ _________________
(Signature of Examiner) (Signature of Principal)
CONTENTS
Certificate
Acknowledgement
Introduction
Objective
Theory
Procedure
Observations
Result

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