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LInear Equations & Systems of Linear Equations

This document provides an overview of linear equations and systems of linear equations. It defines linear equations, their characteristics like slope and y-intercept, and how to find the slope between two points. It also discusses solving systems of linear equations in slope-intercept form and the different cases based on the slopes and y-intercepts being equal or not.

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zaheer9287
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39 views31 pages

LInear Equations & Systems of Linear Equations

This document provides an overview of linear equations and systems of linear equations. It defines linear equations, their characteristics like slope and y-intercept, and how to find the slope between two points. It also discusses solving systems of linear equations in slope-intercept form and the different cases based on the slopes and y-intercepts being equal or not.

Uploaded by

zaheer9287
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Equations

Systems of Linear Equations


Lecture 2.

1
Linear Equation
• General form
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 = 𝑐
Where a, b and c are constants & a & b cannot
both be equal zero.

• Linear equation involving n variables


𝑎1 𝑥1 + 𝑎2 𝑥2 + 𝑎3 𝑥3 +. . . . +𝑎𝑛 𝑥𝑛 = 𝑏

2
Characteristics
• Any two-variable linear equation having the form 𝑎𝑥 +
𝑏𝑦 = 0 graphs as a straight line which passes through
the origin.
• 𝑥-intercept is the point where the graph of the
equation crosses 𝑥-axis (setting 𝑦=0)
• 𝑦-intercept is the point where the graph of the
equation crosses 𝑥-axis (setting 𝑥=0)
• Any equation of form 𝑦 = 𝑘 graphs as a horizontal lines
• Any equation of form 𝑥 = 𝑘 graphs as a vertical lines
• Any straight line, with the exception of vertical lines
can be characterized by its slope (how steep the lines
is)

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• The slope is the change in the value of y if x
increases by 1 unit.

• The slope m of the straight line connection two


points (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) & (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) is

∆𝑦 𝑦2−𝑦1
m= =
∆𝑥 𝑥2−𝑥1
Where 𝑥1 ≠ 𝑥2
Note
• two parallel lines have same slope. (𝑚1 = 𝑚2 )
• Product of slopes of two perpendicular lines
(𝑚1 . 𝑚2 = −1)

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Slope-Intercept Relationships
• Given a (2x2) system of linear equation (in slope-intercept form),
𝑦 = 𝑚1 𝑥 + 𝑘1
𝑦 = 𝑚2 𝑥 + 𝑘2
Where 𝑚1 & 𝑚2 represent the respective slopes of the two lines and 𝑘1 & 𝑘2
represent the respective
𝑦 intercepts.
– There is a unique solution to the system if 𝑚1 ≠ 𝑚2
– There is a no solution to the system if 𝑚1 = 𝑚2 but 𝑘1 ≠ 𝑘1
– There are infinitely many solution if 𝑚1 = 𝑚2 & 𝑘1 = 𝑘1

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Thank you

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