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CALCULATION SHEET
 Space used for Office : 27 x 17 x 4 m3
 = 1836 m3

 PSYCHROMETRIC PROPERTIES
CONDITION DBT WBT % RH DPT h W [kg/kg]

OUTDOOR 43 27 29 21.3 85 0.016

ROOM 25 18 50 15.7 50.85 0.010

DIFFERENCE 18 34.15 0.006

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EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT

SL. TYPE OF LOAD LOAD IN

NO WATT
1 SENSIBLE HEAT SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH WINDOW W
GLASS

2 SOLAR TRANSMISSION GAIN –WALLS & ROOF W

3 TRANSMISSION GAIN –OTHERS W

4 INTERNAL HEAT GAIN W

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A. ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT LOAD CALCULATION

1. SENSIBLE HEAT SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH WINDOW GLASS

ITEM AREA (m2) / SOLAR HEAT GAIN CONVERSION / LOAD IN
QUANTITY (W/m2) MULTIPLICATION WATT (W)
FACTOR
EAST GLASS ---------- ------------------------ -------------- ----------
WEST GLASS m2 W/m2 -------------- W

NORTH m2 W/m2 -------------- W

GLASS
SOUTH GLASS m2 W/m2 -------------- W

SKY LIGHT ------------ ----------- -------------- -------------

TOTAL W

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2. SOLAR TRANSMISSION GAIN –WALLS & ROOF

ITEM AREA (m2) / EQUIVALENT CONVERSION / LOAD IN

QUANTITY TEMP.DIFFERENCE MULTIPLICATION WATT (W)
(Δ0C) FACTOR (U)
W/m2/K UA ΔT
EAST WALL ---------- ------------------------ -------------- ----------
WEST WALL m2 0C W/m2/K W
NORTH m2 0C W/m2/K W
WALL
SOUTH m2 0C W/m2/K W
WALL
ROOF SUN m2 0C W/m2/K W

TOTAL W

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3. TRANSMISSION GAIN –OTHERS

ITEM AREA (m2) / TEMP.DIFFERENCE CONVERSION / LOAD IN WATT (W)
QUANTITY (Δ0C) MULTIPLICATION
FACTOR (U) W/m2/K UA ΔT
DOORS m2 0C W

ALL GLASS m2 0C W

PARTITION m2 0C W

FLOOR m2 0C W

INFILTRATED CMM 0C W
LOAD
20.4x(cmm) x ΔT x B.F
VENTILATED CMM 0C

LOAD =W

TOTAL W

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4. INTERNAL HEAT GAIN

ITEM PERSON/ QUANTITY LOAD/PERSON LOAD IN WATT (W)

OR
QUANTITY
PEOPLE W
POWER W
LIGHTS W
APPLAINS W
ADDITIONAL W

TOTAL W

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SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH WALL/ROOF

 Solar heat gain through wall can be calculated using the

equation

 Q= UA ΔT

 Where ΔT = Equivalent temperature difference obtained

from Table

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 From Table 18.9 following values OF EQUIVALENT TEMPERTURE

DIFFERENCE in 0C are tabulated for walls & Roof

WALL 2 PM
WEST WALL 16.5

NORTH WALL 11.3

SOUTH WALL 17.4

ROOF 29.7

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HEAT LOAD CALCULATIONS
 To calculate heat load Q through Wall, roof & floor, We require U , the
overall heat transfer coefficient as
 Q = U xAxΔT
 A. To calculate U for Outside wall:-

 The thermal conductivity K is available in Table 18.1

1 1 x x x 1
    
U h i K concrete K brick K plaster h o

1 1 0.1 0.2 0.01251 1

    
U 7 1.32 1.73 8.65 23


 Uoutside wall = 3.5 W/m2/K

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 B. Partition wall:

1 1 x x 1
   2x 
U h i K brick K plaster h i

1 1 0.33 0.0125 1
   2x 
U 7 1.32 8.65 7


 U = 1.86 W/m2/K

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 C. Roof:

1 1 x x x 1
    
U h i K concrete roof K plaster K asbestos h o

1 1 0.2 0.0125 0.04 1

    
U 7 9 8.65 0.154 23


 URoof = 2.13 W/m2/K

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 D. floor

1 1 x
 
U h i K floor concrete

1 1 0 .2
 

U 7 9
 UFloor = 6.05 W/m2/K

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Rates of solar heat gain through glass on June 21st in W/m2
TABLE 17.9D

DIRECTION 2PM

WEST GLASS 492

NORTH GLASS 91

SOUTH GLASS 32

The heat gain includes the direct + diffused solar radiation

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A. ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT LOAD CALCULATION

1. SENSIBLE HEAT SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH WINDOW GLASS

ITEM AREA (m2) / SOLAR HEAT GAIN CONVERSION / LOAD IN
QUANTITY (W/m2) MULTIPLICATION WATT (W)
FACTOR
EAST GLASS ---------- ------------------------ -------------- ----------
WEST GLASS 12 m2 492 W/m2 -------------- 5900 W

NORTH 3 m2 91 W/m2 -------------- 270 W

GLASS
SOUTH GLASS 6 m2 32 W/m2 -------------- 190 W

SKY LIGHT ------------ ----------- -------------- -------------

TOTAL 6360 W

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2. SOLAR TRANSMISSION GAIN –WALLS & ROOF

ITEM AREA (m2) / TEMP.DIFFERENCE CONVERSION / LOAD IN

QUANTITY (Δ0C) MULTIPLICATION WATT (W)
FACTOR (U)
W/m2/K UA ΔT
EAST WALL ---------- ------------------------ -------------- ----------
WEST WALL 96 m2 16.5 0C 3.5 W/m2/K 5540 W
NORTH 34 m2 11.3 0C 3.5 W/m2/K 1345 W
WALL
SOUTH 34 m2 17.4 0C 3.5 W/m2/K 3590 W
WALL
ROOF SUN 459 m2 29.7 0C 2.13 W/m2/K 29035 W

TOTAL 39510 W

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 Two types of air circulated:

 1. Ventilated Air

 2. Infiltrated Air

Load due to Infiltrated air is

 a. Through open door

 b. Exhaust fan

 c. Crack through Windows.

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INFILTRATION RATE FOR WINDOWS

 The flow of air due to wind over a building creates regions in which the static
pressure is higher or lower than the static pressure in the undisturbed area.
 The pressure is positive on the wind side resulting in the infiltration of air
 There are two methods of estimating the infiltration of air into conditioned space
due to wind action. They are
 i) Crack method
 ii) Air change method
 In crack method, the estimate is based on measured leakage characteristics
and width and length of cracks( perimeter) around windows or doors.
 The air change method assumes a certain number of air changes per hour for
each space depending on its usage.
 The crack method is generally regarded as more accurate and is used in the
case of windows.
 The air change method is more convenient to use for doors.

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 The leakage of air in this case is a function of the wind pressure ΔP which can

 be determined by knowing the wind velocity C using the equation

 ΔP = 0.00047 C2
 Where ΔP is in cm of water and c is the wind velocity in km/hr

 Here assuming wind velocity 15 km/hr,

 ΔP = 0.00047 x 152 = 0.11cm of water

 Using Table 18. 11 for Infiltration through double Huge windows in m2/h/m

 For weather-stripped, loose fit type Window, and for minimum ΔP = 0.25 ,
 Infiltration = 2.5 m3/h/m crack
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 Length of the crack:

 Length of the crack = No. of windows x perimeter

 = 7 x [ 2 ( 2+1.5) ]
 = 49 m
 Infiltration load in cmm:

 Infiltration load in cmm = Infiltration in m3/h/ length of crack x Length

of crack
= 2.5 x 49 /60
 = 2.04 cmm

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INFILTRATION DUE TO DOOR OPENING:

 Infiltration through door openings depends on the type of door, as well

as usage.

 Use Table 18.13- 18.15 for this.

 Here Door is on adjacent wall, wooden door for average use

 From the Table 18.13,

 Infiltration in cmm /m2 = 1.98

 Here No.of doors = 3

 Area of the door = 1.5 x 2 = 3m2

 Total infiltration rate = infiltration rate in cmm /m2 x area x No.of doors

 = 1.98 x 3 x 3

 = 17.8 cmm
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 Total load due to Infiltration:

 = Infiltration due to windows + Infiltration due to door openings

 = 2.04 cmm + 17.8 cmm

TOTAL INFILTRATION LOAD = 19.84 cmm

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VENTILATED AIR
 Ventilated is the fresh air coming from outside conditions.
 Total ventilation in cmm = No. of occupancy x ventilation rate

 Ventilation rate for different application can be obtained from Table 16.2

 Here application is for Office use

  From table 16.2 recommended cmm/person = 0.28-0.6

 VENTILATION LOAD = No.of occupancy x 0.28

 = 100 x0.28
 = 28 cmm

 VENTILATION LOAD = 28 cmm

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OCCUPANCY LOAD
 The occupancy load ( both Sensible heat load (SHL) and Latent heat
load (LHL) is obtained form the Table 19.1

 Corresponds to the activity as office work and the DBT 250C, take the
average value between 240Cand 260C

 SHL = (80 + 70)/2 = 75 W

 LHL = (60 + 70)/2 = 65 W

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3. TRANSMISSION GAIN –OTHERS

ITEM AREA (m2) / SOLAR HEAT GAIN CONVERSION / LOAD IN WATT (W)
QUANTITY (W/m2) / MULTIPLICATION
TEMP.DIFFERENCE FACTOR (U) W/m2/K UA ΔT
(Δ0C)
HUMIDITY DIFFERENCE
DOORS 9 m2 180C 0.63 100 W

ALL GLASS 12+3+6 = 18 0C 5.9 W/m2/K 2230 W

21 m2
PARTITION 108+28 =131 *15.5 0C 1.86 W/m2/K 3930 W
m2
FLOOR 459 m2 ** 2.5 0C 6.05 W/m2/K 36940 W

INFILTRATED 19.8 CMM 18 0C 20.4 *** 7270 W

LOAD
20.4x(cmm) x ΔT x B.F
VENTILATED 28CMM 18 0C 20.4 = 20.4x 28x18x0.15
LOAD =1542 W

TOTAL 20470 W

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 * Assume a temperature difference of 2.50C across the floor,

 ΔT for Partition = 18-2.5 = 15.5 0C

 ** Assume a temperature difference of 2.50C across the floor

 *** 20.4 is the conversion factor from cmm into W for Infiltration

cmm x  x C p
Infiltration Qs  T W
60
cmm x 1.2 x 1.0216
Infiltration Qs  T
60
 20.4 (cmm) T W

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4. INTERNAL HEAT GAIN

ITEM AREA (m2) / SOLAR HEAT GAIN CONVERSION / LOAD IN

QUANTITY (W/m2) / MULTIPLICATION WATT (W)
TEMP.DIFFERENCE FACTOR (U)
(Δ0C) W/m2/K UA ΔT
HUMIDITY DIFFERENCE
PEOPLE 100 -------------- 75W/PERSON 7500 W
POWER --------- -------------- -------------- ---------
LIGHTS 15,000 W -------------- 1.25* 18750 W
APPLAINS -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
ADDITIONAL -------------- -------------- -------------- ------------

TOTAL 26250 W

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 *Lighting load :Electric lights generates sensible heat w]equal to the

amount of the electric power consumed.

 Most of the energy is liberated as heat, and the rest as light which also
eventually becomes heat after multiple reflections.

 As rough calculation, one may use the lighting load equal to 33.5 W/m2
to produce a lighting standard of 540 lumens/m2 in an office space;
20W/m2 is minimum.

 After wattage is known, the calculation of the heat gain is done as

follows

 Fluorescent : Q = Total watts x 1.25

 Incandescent : Q = Total watts

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EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT
SL. TYPE OF LOAD LOAD IN WATT
NO
1 SENSIBLE HEAT SOLAR HEAT GAIN THROUGH WINDOW 6360 W
GLASS
2 SOLAR TRANSMISSION GAIN –WALLS & ROOF 39510 W
3 TRANSMISSION GAIN –OTHERS 20470 W
4 INTERNAL HEAT GAIN 26250 W
SUB TOTAL 1 92690 W
5 STORAGE LOAD( HERE NEGLECTED) ---------------
6 SAFTEY FACTOR - 5% OF THE SUB TOTAL 4635 W
SUB TOTAL 2 97325 W
7 FAN POWER FOR SUPPLY DUCT(5%)+ LEAKAGE LOSS(0.5%) OF 5352 W
SUB TOTAL- 2

EFFECTIVE ROOM SENSIBLE HEAT 10422 W

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B.LATENT HEAT LOAD CALCULATION

ITEM AREA (m2) / SOLAR HEAT GAIN CONVERSION / LOAD IN WATT (W)
QUANTITY (W/m2) / MULTIPLICATION
TEMP.DIFFERENCE FACTOR (U) W/m2/K
(Δ0C)
HUMIDITY
DIFFERENCE
INFILTRATION 19.8cmm 0.006 kg/kg 50,000* 75940 W
VENTILATED 28 CMM 0.006 kg/kg 50,000* 50, 000 x(cmm) x
LOAD Δw x B.F
=1260 W
PEOPLE 100 -------------- 65 W 6500 W
STEAM --------- -------------- ------------ -----------
APPLAINCES
ADDITIONAL --------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
VAPOUR
TRANS.
SUB TOTAL 11,440 W

cmm x 1.2 x 2500
*
Latent Heat Load QL  
60
 50,000(cmm)  W 37
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EFFECTIVE ROOM LATENT HEAT
SOLAR HEAT GAIN
AREA (m2) / (W/m2) / CONVERSION / LOAD IN WATT
ITEM QUANTITY TEMP.DIFFERENCE MULTIPLICATION (W)
(Δ0C) FACTOR (U) W/m2/K
HUMIDITY DIFFERENCE
SUB TOTAL 1 11,440 W

SAFTETY FACTOR – 5 % OF THE SUB TOTAL 570 W

SUB TOTAL 2 12010 W

SUPPLY DUCT LEAKAGE LOSS(0.5%) OF SUB TOTAL- 2 60 W

EFFECTIVE ROOM LATENT HEAT LOAD 13,330 W

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= ROOM SHL + ROOM LHL

EFFECTIVE ROOM TOTAL HEAT LOAD = 104,425 + 13,330

= 117, 755 W

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C.OUTDOOR AIR TOTAL HEAT LOAD
(ON EQUIPMENT)
SOLAR HEAT GAIN CONVERSION /
(W/m2) / MULTIPLICATION LOAD IN WATT
ITEM AREA (m2) / TEMP.DIFFERENCE FACTOR (U) (W)
QUANTITY (Δ0C) W/m2/K
HUMIDITY DIFFERENCE
SENSIBLE 28 cmm 180C 20x (1-0.15) 8740 W
HEAT
LATENT 28cmm 0.006 kg/kg 50,000x(1-0.15) 7140 W
HEAT
RETURN --------- -------------- ----------- ---------
EFFECTIVE OUTDOOR HEAT 15880 W
133635 W
GRANT TOTAL EFFECTIVE ROOM TOTAL HEAT OR
HEAT + EFFECTIVE OUTDOOR HEAT 38 T.R

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