PART 1 (RADSCI) 15) Which device used to form between the original

photon position and the position of the

1) Which of the following is the device for subsequent detection in the gamma camera
accelerating charge particles to high energies  Collimator
using oscillating electrostatic fields? 16) What type of lead is located between each hole
 Cyclotrons of collimator
2) Refers to the element that results from  Septum
radioactive decay of a parent element 17) Refer to an array of parallel holes that is
 Daughter essentially perpendicular to a crystal face to
3) Which of the following refers to the radioactive present a real image
disintegration of an unstable nuclide  Parallel hole
 Decay 18) Refers to an array of tapered collimator holes
4) Which of the following device is the combination that aim at a point at some distance in front of
of a scintillation and photomultiplier tube the collimator and the image is magnified
 Detector version of the real image
5) What is deuteron?  Converging collimator
 Any ionized nucleus of heavy 19) This is where the image is presented in a
hydrogen that contains 1 proton and minified image of the real object and essentially
1 neutron situated in an upside-down converging
6) A term used in splitting of a nucleus into two or collimator
more parts in a subsequent release amount of  Diverging collimator
energy 20) A thick conical collimator with a single 2.5 mm
 Fission hole at the bottom center and magnifies or
7) Which of the following devices uses the minifies the image depending on the distance of
emission of light from a crystal struck by gamma the object to the collimator
rays to produce an image of the distribution of  Pin-hole collimator
the radioactive material in a body organ 21) What device records the spatial distribution and
 Gamma camera radioactivity that converts the energy of the
8) Term used to describe the time elapsed until incident photon into light and then to electrical
some physical quantity has decreased from its signal
original value  Detector
 Half-life 22) Which of the following converts the light
9) Refer to the state of equilibrium of internal produced on the scintillation detector into an
environment electrical signal
 Homeostasis  PMT
10) What is in vitro? 23) Which of the following amplifies electrical signals
 Outside the living body from photocathode
11) Referring to a uniform emission of radiation or  Dynodes
particles in 3-dimension 24) What device is used in converting EM radiation
 Isotropic in the form of gamma rays into visible light
12) Refers to a radioactive isotope created from  Crystal
iodine to emit radiation for medical use 25) What type of crystal is used in PET scan?
 Radioactive I-131  Barium Fluoride
13) Detects photon emitted from radioactive gamma 26) What type of radioactive drugs is used in
decay and determines the 3-dimensional therapy and diagnostic purposes
diffusion of the decay  Radiopharmaceuticals
 Gamma camera 27) Which of the following provided the affinity of a
14) Which of the following design of the gantry has special body tissue
an option for small single detector system since  Ligand
it allows a manual positioning by virtue of a 28) An unstable nucleus that transmit by way of
counter balance mechanism nuclear decay intended to the purpose of
 Cantilever detection only or interaction with tissues
 Radioactive materials
29) What is the energy range of the  Dosimeter
radiopharmaceutical ideal for Anger scintillation 44) Which of the following detectors yield
camera information about the energy distribution of an
 100-200 keV incident radiation
30) What is the location of the Tc-99m sulfur colloid  Spectrometer
concentration if injected intravenously 45) Which of the following detectors indicates the
 Reticuloendothelial system net amount of energy deposited in the detector
31) What is the location of Tc-99m sulfur colloid by multiple interaction
concentration when administered  Counters
subcutaneously 46) What is spectroscopy?
 Lymphatics  Study of energy distribution of
32) What is the location of Tc-99m sulfur colloid radiation field
concentration when administered orally 47) An electronic device used to determine which
 GI tract portion of the detected spectrum which to be
33) What is the half-life of I-131 used for creating a nuclear medicine image
 8 days  Pulse height analyzer
34) Which of the following convert the light photon 48) What type of device is when the signal of each
into electron interaction is processed individually
 PMT  Pulse mode
35) What among hygroscopic material is 49) An electrical signal from individual interactions
hermetically sealed against moisture to prevent are averaged together forming a net current
yellowing signal is termed
 Sodium iodide thallium activated  Current mode
36) Which of the following is the highly ionizing 50) Which of the following should be measured in
radiation but is low penetrating because of its placing a source of radiation in the vicinity of the
long wavelength detector and dividing the number of particles of
 Alpha photon detected by the number emitted
37) Another term for alpha particle  Detection efficiency
 Helium nuclei 51) It is defined as the fraction of emitted particles
38) Photon makes a grazing hit with the electron, and photon that reaches the detector
the electron will be emitted at right angle and the  Geometric efficiency
scattered photon will go to a forward direction. 52) Which of the following describe the fraction of
This phenomenon is called dose reaching the detector that are being
 90 degrees scatter detected
39) Which of the following describe for a special  Intrinsic efficiency
case of Compton effect and the electron travels 53) What type of radiopharmaceutical used for
forward and the scattered photon travels whole body bone scan?
backward  Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate
 Direct hit 54) How many hours will the patient wait after the
40) Which of the following describes the special radiopharmaceutical is being injected before the
case of Compton effect if the photon is scattered bone scan
right angle to its original direction and the angle  3 hours
of electron emission depends on its energy 55) What is the purpose of asking the patient for
 Grazing hit bone scan to urinate before imaging
41) What is the energy required to create the pair of  To visualize the sacrum
electrons 56) What type of radiopharmaceutical is used for
 1.02 MeV thyroid scan if the patient is scanned 30 minutes
42) Refer to the net result of the decay mode when after the introduction of the said drug
there is a conversion of neutron into a proton  Tc-99m pertechnetate
with a simultaneous emission of a negatively 57) In a thyroid scan, the cold spots are usually
charged particle called
 Beta minus  Spots
43) Which of the following detectors indicate the
number of interaction that occurs in the detector
58) What type of collimator is used for thyroid scan?  Scintillation detector
 Pin-hole collimator 75) An organic or inorganic material that transforms
59) An isotope of hydrogen that has an atomic mass high energy photons such as x-rays and gamma
of 3 rays into visible or nearly visible light photons for
 Tritium easy measurement
60) Which system provides a radionuclide by  Scintillator
radioactive decay and locally produce a 76) A high density metal collimators that separate
relatively short half-life product adjacent detectors on a ring tomography to
 Fission reaction reduce scattered photons from degrading
61) What is the half life of Tc-99m? imaging formation
 6 hours  Septa
62) What is the decay mode of Tc-99m? 77) A radioactive tracer isotope used to allow a
 Isomeric transition biologic process to be seen
63) What do you call a hollow metal found in the  Tracer
cyclotron where subatomic particles are being 78) What type of PET scan that is equivalent to a
accelerated? low resolution CT scan
 Waveguide  Transmission scan
64) Which device is used to produce radioactive 79) Which of the following term describe the end of
material by accelerating ions to high energies the radionuclide procedure during which time the
and projecting them to stable materials? radioactive is eliminated from the body
 Nuclear particle accelerator  Wash out
65) Device that under controlled conditions is used 80) What is the basic component of an atom?
for supporting a self-sustained nuclear reaction.  Nucleus
 Nuclear reactor 81) A mathematical formula designed for computers
66) What is the general term applicable to all atomic to carry out complex calculation required for
forms of an element? image reconstruction
 Nuclide  Algorithm
67) An image that relates anatomic position to a 82) On what part of the gantry does the patient pass
physiologic parameter such as blood flow is during the scanning
called  Aperture
 Parametric image 83) Which of the following term best describe the
68) It is the positively charged particle emitted from storage of CT images on long term storage
neutron-deficient radioactive nuclide device such as cassette tapes, magnetic tape or
 Positron optical discs
69) Which of the following instrument accepts inputs  Archiving
from a detector and categorize the pulses on the 84) What types of artifacts arise in the 3rd generation
basis of signal strength? system if the detector is faulty or miscalibrated
 Pulse height analyzer having a ring-like appearance
70) Exhibiting the property of spontaneously emitting  Ring artifacts
alpha, beta and gamma rays by disintegration of 85) These are artifacts are problem in all imaging
the nucleus is termed system that requires a relatively long term to
 Radioactive generate the data necessary for imaging
71) It is the spontaneous disintegration of an appeared as a blurred area where these artifact
unstable atomic nucleus that results in the occurred
emission of ionizing radiation  Motion artifacts
 Radioactivity 86) It is the result of a variety of different tissue type
72) An unstable nucleus that transmits by way of being contained within a single voxel
nuclear decay  Partial volume artifact
 Radionuclide 87) Which type of artifact usually occurs in the soft
73) An early imaging device that pass over the area tissue regions within large bony structures that
of interest moving in or forming a straight line results a decrease in image intensity not
 Rectilinear scanner representative of the tissue
74) Which device relies on the emission of light from  Beam hardening artifact
a crystal subjected to ionizing radiation?
 88) Which of the following determine by the physical 3) It was constructed with a low atomic number
collimation of the incident photon beam with two material so that it does not interfere with x-ray
lead jaws? beam transmission and patient imaging
 Slice thickness  Support couch
89) It determines how tightly the helix in a helical 4) What is the minimum anode heat capacity of a
scan is wound CT x-ray tube?
 Pitch  500,000 HU
90) What type of scanning is important consideration 5) What component of CT number system include
in the speed of the table rotation relative to the the x-ray tube, detector array, and high voltage
rotation of the CT gantry and the pitch is the generator?
parameter that describes this relationship  Gantry assembly
 Spiral helical scanning 6) What type of crystal used in the early CT
91) Which of the following is synonymous to scanner?
incremental scanning?  Sodium Iodide
 Axial scanning 7) Which of the following allows continuous rotation
92) Refer to the ability to discriminate between of the x-ray tube and detectors?
adjacent tissues and a function of pixel size  Slip-ring
 Spatial resolution 8) What type of CT generation design that uses no
93) It is determined primarily by the number of moving parts during the scan?
photons used to make an image and is reduced  5th generation
by increasing voxel size or increasing section 9) What type of CT scanner describe when the
thickness radiation detection is accomplished to a fixed
 Noise circular array of detectors which contain as
94) It primarily determine by the CT window width many as 1000 individual elements
and window level  4th generation
 CT contrast 10) It is operated by translate-rotate mode with
95) What is the original EMI scanner resolution multiple detector array intercepting a fan-shaped
format? x-ray beam
 80 x 80 pixels  2nd generation
96) The 2-dimensional representation of each 11) It employs a curvilinear detector array containing
corresponding tissue volume is termed at least 30 elements and a fan-beam
 Pixel  1st generation
97) Also known as the tissue or volume element 12) Pitch is equal to
determined by the product of the pixel size and  Table increment distance/slice
the thickness slice thickness
 Voxel 13) It describe by mathematical analysis of multiple
98) CT number of air projection
 -1000  CT images
99) CT number of fat 14) Who demonstrated the process of CT scanning
 -100 in 1970?
100) CT number of water  Godfrey Hounsfield
 0 15) What kind of device is constructed by a large
metallic chamber baffles space only at 1-mm
PART 2 interval?
 Collimators
1) It allows for the manipulation and reconstruction
16) All computed tomography scanners operate on
of images
___ power.
 Physician viewing control work
 3-phase
station
17) An area in CT scan room that controls the slice
2) A special area that contains meters and controls
thickness and collimation of the CT scanner
for selecting radiograph technique factors and
 Computer control console
for mechanical movement of the gantry
18) What is the Hounsfield unit of blood?
 Operators control
 40
19) What is the Hounsfield unit of bone? 35) Which of the following describes the positions
 1000 used to obtain images on coronal scanning head
20) What is the Hounsfield unit of CSF? scan
 15  Direct coronal
21) Pixel size determine by dividing 36) It is a process by which raw data are obtained
 FOV by matrix size by continuous scanning
22) What is the standard matrix size for medical  Dynamic scanning
imaging? 37) What part of CT scanner that houses x-ray tube,
 512 x 512 cooling system, detector assembly and DAS?
23) CT scan is also called as  Gantry
 Computerized Axial Tomography 38) Which of the following describes the analog
24) What type of CT detector that only has 45% image whereby each pixel in the image
intrinsic detection efficiency corresponds to a particular shades of gray
 Gas-filled detectors  Gray scale image
25) Which of the following is the process of creating 39) Which of the following is an image distortion
a cross-sectional tomographic plane of any part caused by combination of table indexing and
of the body respiration
 CT  Image misregistration
26) An opening of the gantry through which the 40) It is a post processing technique applied to
patient passes during scan stacks of axial image data that can then be
 Aperture reconstructed to other orientation or imaging
27) What part of CT scan machine store the CT planes
images on long term storage device such as  Multiplanar reconstruction
cassette tape, magnetic tape or optical discs 41) Which of the following describes the random
 Archiving variation of CT numbers above some mean
28) A term for distortion or error in image that is value within a uniform object
unrelated to subject being studied  Noise
 Artifact 42) What type of CT examination instruction specify
29) Describes the plane of images as presented by the slice thickness, table increment, contrast
CT scan administration, scan diameter and other
 Axial requirements specified by the radiologist
30) An arbitrary number assigned by computer to  Protocol
indicate relative density of a given tissue is 43) What process of changing are the feeding of a
called 3D image in commonly used to increase
 CT number perception of an image
31) A feature of CT scan that has an ability to  Rendering
demonstrate different tissue densities 44) Which of the following is used as a generic
 Contrast resolution reference to one slice or an entire examination
32) What part of CT detector assembly that converts  Scan
analog signals to digital signals that can be used 45) Also referred to as the zoom or focal plane of a
by the CT computer CT scan
 Data Acquisition System  Scan diameter
33) An electronic component used for radiation 46) An amount of time used to scan an entire
detection made of either high density volume during a single spiral scan is known as
photoreactive crystals or pressurized stable  Scan duration
gases 47) Ability of CT scanner to demonstrate small
 Detector objects within the body plane being scanned
34) An electronic component of CT scanner that  Spatial resolution
measures remnant radiation exiting the patient 48) Which of the following is an individual pixel with
and converting the radiation to analog signals the associated volume of tissue based on the
proportionate to the radiation intensity measured slice thickness
 Detector assembly  Voxel
49) Tomography principle in which the fulcrum or
axis of rotation remains at a fixed height
  Grossman principle comes from the same point in the cycle of a
50) Which of the following tomographic movements repeating motion such as heartbeat
occur when the x-ray tube and cassette  Gating
movement occurs in the longitudinal axis of the 64) Which of the following is the object that
tomographic table produces a magnetic field without requiring an
 Linear tomographic motion external electricity supply
51) Which of the following indicate the false  Permanent magnet
tomographic images that appear but do not 65) It is a series of radiowave pulse designed to
represent an actual object or structure within the excite the nuclei in such a way that the energy
focal plane released has varying contribution from proton
 Phantom images density
52) Tomographic principle in which the fulcrum or  Pulse sequence
axis of rotation is raised or lowered to alter the 66) Commonly known as fast or turbo spin echo
level of the focal plane  Rapid acquisition recalled echo
 Planigraphic principle 67) Which of the following describes the return of
53) Which of the following describes the the excited nuclei to the normal unexcited state
tomographic motion in many different directions by the release of energy
 Pluridirectional tomographic motion  Relaxation
54) Which of the following tomographic motion that 68) Which of the following is the process of energy
describe only a linear direction absorption by an object that is tuned to absorb
 Unidirectional tomographic motion energy of a specific frequency
55) Which of the following describe the assignment  Resonance
of appropriate gray level to each pixel in an 69) What is the unit of magnetic field strengths
image  Tesla
 Mapping 70) Which of the following is the science of
56) Which of the following device is used for analyzing the components of an EM wave that is
transmitting or receiving radiowaves usually after its interaction with some substance
 Antenna  Spectroscopy
57) Which of the following is the reduction in energy 71) Which of the following indicate the loss of
or amount of a beam of radiation when it passes acoustic power of structures lying behind an
through the tissues and other substances attenuating or reflecting target
 Attenuation  Acoustic shadow
58) What is the unit used for magnetic field strength 72) Which of the following is the ratio of acoustic
 Gauss pressure to particle velocity at any point in the
59) What portion of the magnetic field extending acoustic field
away from the confines of the magnet that  Acoustic impedance
cannot be used for imaging but can affect 73) It describe the mechanical disturbance that
nearby equipment or personnel propagates through a medium
 Fringe field  Acoustic wave
60) It is the fast pulse sequence that can be used to 74) Which of the ff. method of acoustic echo display
create MR images within a few seconds in which time is represented along the horizontal
 Echoplanar imaging axis and echo amplitude is displayed along the
61) Which of the following determine the images in vertical axis
which the fat tissue in the image is made to be  A-mode
of a lower darker signal intensity than the 75) Which of the ff. is the property of being free of
surrounding structures echo or without echoes
 Fat-suppressed images  Anechoic
62) What is the standard pulse-sequence available 76) An angle at which the USD beam strikes an
in most MRI images that usually used for T1- interface with respect to normal incidence
weighted images  Angle of incidence
 Inversion recovery 77) Which of the ff. is the largest dimension of the
63) Which of the ff. determine the organizing data so fetal head perpendicular to MSP and can be
that the information used to construct the image measured by ultrasonic visualization and fetal
development
  Biparietal diameter  Pulse wave USD
78) Which of the ff. method of acoustic display on 94) Which of the ff. is an acoustic energy reflected
an on oscilloscope in which the intensity of the from a structure with a discontinuity in the
echo is represented by modulation of the characteristic of acoustic impedance along the
brightness of the spot and which the position of propagation path
the echo is determined from position of the  Reflection
transducer and the transmit time of the acoustic 95) Which of the ff. is the phenomenon of bending
pulse waves as the acoustic energy propagates from
 B-mode the medium of one acoustic velocity to a second
79) Anatomically termed used to describe a plane window of differing acoustic velocity
perpendicular to both the sagittal and transverse  Refraction
plane of the body 96) Which of the ff. measure the ability to display too
 Coronal image plane closely spaced structure as discrete targets
80) It is the reflection of acoustic energy received  Resolution
from scattering elements or specular reflector 97) Which technique is used on moving an acoustic
 Echo beam to produce an image in which both the
81) Which of the ff. is known as imaging at a real transducer and the screen movements are
time rate synchronized
 Dynamic imaging  Scan
82) Refers to a medium that contains echo- 98) Refers to the diffusion or redirection of sound in
producing structures several direction on encountering particles
 Echogenic suspension or rough surfaces
83) Which of the ff. refers to the inner layer of the  Scattering
uterine canal 99) Which of the ff. referred as a plane
 Endometrium corresponding to a transverse or sagittal plane
84) It represent the cycles per unit of time that  Sectional plane
usually expressed in Hertz 100) It is the sonographer’s ability to visualize
 Frequency a particular area
85) Which of the ff. describe a mixed composition  Sonic window
 Heterogenous
86) Which of the ff. describe a uniform composition PART 3
 Homogenous
1) What process of imaging is used by transmitting
87) Which of the ff. produce more echoes
the sound beam to the specimen and picking up
 Hyperechoic
the transmitted energy on a far surface or a
88) Which of the ff. fewer echoes
receiving transducer
 Hypoechoic
 Through transmission
89) Which of the ff. method in which the tissue depth
2) Which of the ff. device that converts the energy
is displayed along one axis and time is displayed
from one to another
along the 2nd axis
 Transducer
 M-mode
3) During pelvic USD, what is the sonographic
90) What type of procedure does not require the
window for the visualization of the uterus
skin to be broken or an organ cavity to be
 Urinary bladder
entered
4) Which of the ff. pathological condition is
 Noninvasive technique
associated with GB USD
91) A slanting direction or any variation which is not
 Biliary ascariasis
starting at a right angle to any axis
5) In grading the placenta, what grade is it when its
 Oblique plane
texture, cotyledons are seen with placental lakes
92) Which of the ff. is the conversion of pressure to
 Grade 3
electrical voltage or electrical voltage to
6) Sonographically, at what age of gestation where
mechanical pressure
the fetal heart beat is demonstrable during early
 Piezoelectric effect
pregnancy
93) Which of the ff. sound waves produce in pulsed
 7-8 weeks
form by applying electrical pulses to the
7) What is the standard positioning for GB
transducer
sonography
  Supine, oblique and decubitus 26) Which part of the transducer provides structural
8) Standard positioning for liver support for the internal fillings and mechanical
 Supine and L lateral decub support so that the device can be manipulated
9) What is the standard position for pelvis by hand
 Supine  Case
10) What is the most malignant tumor of the kidney? 27) Which imaging modality utilizes high frequency
 Renal cell carcinoma sound waves
11) The ff. are true about H mol except:  Diagnostic USD
 Absence of vaginal bleeding 28) Which part of the transducer serves to improve
12) What is the most difficult organ to be visualized USD transmission into the tissue by reducing
and the waterloo of all sonographers tissue reflectivity
 Pancreas  Matching layer
13) Which of the ff. serve as an acoustic window to 29) What sound is scattered back to the transducer
visualize the uterus and contribute to image formation
 Distended UB  Backscatter USD
14) What stones are discovered in the GB USD that 30) What is the heart of the USD machine
sometimes disappear in subsequent  Transducer
examinations 31) What do you call the deviation of the beam
 Sludge balls  Refraction
15) What is the earliest sonographic sign of 32) Which energy is produced by vibration of a
pregnancy matter
 Gestational sac  Sound
16) Asher’s sign can be seen in the ff. lesion 33) Which of the ff. will take to complete a single
 Splenomegaly cycle, the length of which requires for one
17) What is the common parasite that invades the wavelength or one cycle
GB  Period
 Ascaris 34) It is a measure of occurrence of a repeating
18) Used as an acoustic window to visualize the R event per unit time
kidney  Frequency
 R lobe of the liver 35) Which sound is produced by irregular vibration
19) Ring-down artifact and comet-tail artifact are and is unpleasant to hear
also referred to what kind of USD artifact  Noise
 Reverberation 36) Which best describes the difference between
20) It is considered as the largest organ of the body, blackness and whiteness of an image
medical USD is dimmed to be the acoustic  Contrast
window 37) Which of the ff. abdominal organs serves as
 Liver window for USD
21) Bundle of echoes seen at the USD TV monitor  Liver
 Beam intensity 38) What is approximate velocity of sound
22) When the sound intensity pass through the  5000 ft/s
tissue, some physical interactions will take place 39) Which substance when stressed become
like reduction or decrease of beam intensity. electrically polarized
This phenomenon is called  Piezo
 Absorption 40) What do you call a pregnancy that occurs
23) What is the operational mode of USD used to outside the endometrial cavity
study moving organ such as the heart  Ectopic pregnancy
 M-mode 41) What kind of shadow or USD artifact that has
24) The scientific phenomena of the piezoelectric been produced when the sounds are not
effect are based on what active element of the transmitted through high density object like GB
transducer stones
 Piezoelectric crystal  Acoustic window
25) Piezo is a Greek word which means 42) Which of the ff. scanning technique is used
 To press wherein the probe/transducer is placed parallel
 to the line that divides the body into upper and 56) Which of the ff. is the removal of a smaller piece
lower part of tissue for examination under the microscope
 Transverse scan  Biopsy
43) It is a device that converts energy from one form 57) It is the placement of radioactive nuclide in or on
to another a neoplasm to deliver a cancericidal dose
 Transducer  Brachytherapy
44) What is the process of imaging by transmitting 58) Which of the ff. is the dose of radiation that
the sound field to the specimen and picking up results in the death of the cancer cells
the transmitted energy on a far surface or a  Cancericidal dose
receiving transducer 59) Which of the ff. division is the total planned dose
 Through transmission into a number of smaller doses to be given in a
45) What is the sound with a frequency greater than longer period
20 kHz  Fractionation
 Ultrasound 60) Which of the ff. is an EM radiation that originates
46) What is the outer margin of the organ that is from radioactive nucleus and causes ionization
closest to the capsule in matter
 Parenchyma  Gamma ray
47) Which of the ff. refers to the inner layer of 61) What is the international unit for the quantity of
uterine canal radiation received by the patient
 Endometrium  Gray
48) What is the method of image recording in which 62) Which of the ff. x-rays generated at 20 kVp or
data are stored on paper, film or other recording less
material  Grenz ray
 Hard copy 63) The time required for a radioactive material to
49) It is the concentration of sound beam into a decay to half to its initial activity
smaller beam area that would exist without  Half-life
focusing 64) What is HVL?
 Focus  Thickness of attenuating material to
50) Which of the ff. scanning technique is used reduce the energy to half its original
wherein the probe/transducer is placed parallel 65) It refers to the use of high activity radionuclide
to the MSP of the body placed within the body for the treatment of
 Longitudinal scan cancer
51) What do you call the amount of ionizing radiation  High dose rate brachytherapy
absorbed per unit of mass of the irradiated 66) Which type of the x-ray collimator has 4
material individual blades that can be moved
 Absorbed dose independently of one another
52) What do you call the device that accelerates  Independent jaws
charge of atomic particles to the greater 67) It refers to the interaction of radiation with water
energies molecules within the cell
 Accelerator  Indirect effect
53) What is proton therapy 68) Which of the ff. modification of beam intensity
 It involves the energized accelerated used to deliver nonuniform exposure
and ionizing protons on the target  Intensity modulated radiation therapy
tumor 69) What do you call the process in which one or
54) Which of the ff. is the removal of energy from a more electrons are added to remove from atoms
beam of ionizing radiation when it traverses to  Ionization
matter, accomplished by disposition of energy in 70) Referring to rotation about each point
matter and by deflection of energy out of the  Isocentric
beam 71) What do you call a curve or line drawn to
 Attenuation connect points of identical amount of radiation in
55) It is an electron accelerator that uses magnetic a given field
induction to accelerate electrons in a circular  Isodose line curve
path 72) Which of the ff. atom have the same atomic
 Betatron number but diff. mass number
  Isotope 87) Which type of monitoring device is used to
73) This of the ff is the device for accelerating measure radiation based in the change in
charge particles such as electrons to produce thermal energy per unit mass of the medium
high energy electron or photon beam.  Calometry
 LINAC 88) Define as the ratio of the dose rate of the depth
74) It refers to the right at which energy is deposited of maximum dose of the given field to that for
as it travels to matter. the reference fields size its d max is called
 Linear energy transfer  Output factor
75) It is the depth along the beam access where 89) Define generally that is capable of providing a
maximum dose occur. reading that is a measure of the absorbed dose
 D-max deposited in its sensitive volume by ionizing
76) Which of the ff is the ratio of the dose per radiation
monitor unit at the reference depth in a specified  Dosimeter
field with wedge present in the beam to the 90) It represents points of equal dose
dose per monitor unit in the same field without  Isodose curve
the wedge. 91) Which of the ff. technique where the radioactive
 Wedge filter material is place within the patient
77) A phenomenon in which the max. dose of  Brachytherapy
radiation is not deposited or transferred in the 92) Which of the ff is the first skin sparing machine
skin  Co60
 Skin sparing effect 93) Which of the ff. is the measurement of radiation
78) Which of the ff does describe the beam flatness dose that demonstrate how radiation is
and penumbra distributed throughout the pt. body
 Penumbra profile  Dosimetry
79) What type of radiation therapy x-ray equipment 94) Which of the ff deals with the measurement of
has an energy ranging from 60 – 150 kV. the absorbed dose from ionizing radiation with
 Superficial therapy unit matter
80) What term describe the placement of radioactive  Radiation dosimetry
nuclides in or on the neoplasm to deliver 95) Which of the ff device is used in calometry
cancersidal dose method in measuring the absorbed dose
 Plesiotherapy  Thermister/or
81) What type of isotope emits gamma radiation with 96) What type of chemical is commonly used in
energy of 1100780 eV and 1332470 eV. Fricke dosimetry method
 Co60  Ferric Iron
82) What types of device produces electron that will 97) An absorbed dose method that uses a
be accelerated densitometer
 Electron gun  Thermoluminescence Method
83) What type of isotope that are most frequently 98) What type of device is used in shield limiting
used in permanent implant structures usually made of lead or lipoik metals
 Iodine 125 and Gold 198  Blocks
84) Which of type of detector is based on property of 99) Which of the ff is an individual collimator within
certain crystals to emit light photons after the head of the LINAC that can slide inward to
deposition of energy in the crystal by ionizing shoot the radiation field
radiation  Multi-field collimator
 Scintillation detectors 100) What is palliation
85) Consist of a large number of collimating books  To relieve symptoms
or leaves that can be driven automatically,
independent of each other to generate any field Part 4
size of any shape
1. Medical specialty involving treatment of cancerous
 Multi leaf collimators
lesion using ionizing radiation.
86) A tissue equivalent material that funnels the
 Radiation oncology
surface contour and increase the dose to the
2. It refers to a person trained to assist and take
skin beneath it
direction from radiation oncologist with the use of
 Bolus
ionizing radiation for treatment of disease
  Radiation therapist 19. Used to scatter the pencil beam electron beam
3. Which of the ff. pertains to the elements of atoms usually 3mm in diameter that causes a uniform
which undergoes spontaneous transformation electron distribution within the field
resulting to emission of radiation?  Scattering foil
 Radioactive 20. What part of LINAC machine produce electron?
4. What is radiosensitivity?  Electron gun
 Responsiveness of cell to radiation 21. What part of LINAC produces xray?
5. On what part of radiation therapy technique wherein  Target
the source of radiation is at some distance from 22. What is the maximum field size of LINAC can have?
patient?  40x40 cm
 Teletherapy 23. Which of the ff. is concerned with the treatment of
6. Referred to the wedge shape beam attenuating some part of the body that is suspected of 08:30 of
device used to preferentially absorb the beam to alter the tumor cells without any symptoms?
the shape of the isodose curve?  Prophylactic
 Wedge filter 24. What is the SSD of LINAC?
7. A hollow tube gas usually air where the process of  100 cm
ionization occurs. 25. What type of the radioisotope that has a half life of 30
 Ion chamber years?
8. Use to describe treatment with xrays produced at  Cesium 137
potential ranging from 150-500 kv 26. A type of implementation technique in which the
 Orthovoltage source of radiation is removed after the desired dose
9. What method of accelerating electrons used in this has been delivered
type of megavoltage machine that was proposed in  Temporary implant
1944 by Veksler? 27. What type of radioactive material is used in
 Microton permanent implant technique
10. Which of the ff. is the probability of long term survival  Gold 198
after adequate therapy and side effect of therapy 28. What is the common field arrangement is used for
although undesirable may be acceptable? palliative treatment
 Curative  Box technique
11. Which of the ff. describe the removal of tumor by 29. Primarily consist of 30 deg. Of extension into adjacent
surgical operation? structures such as the muscle of hollow organs,
 Surgery bones, and cartilages
12. Which of the ff. device produces microwaves?  Depth of invasion
 Magnetron
13. What type of target is used in linear accelerator? 30. Consist of the determination of the degree of
 Transmission type circumferential involvement by disease for hollow
14. Use to make the beam intensity uniform across the organs or regional subsite involvement by diseases of
field since the electron produce in the LINAC is in the hollow cavities like nasopharynx,
megavoltage range when the xray intensity is peak in  surface spread
a forward direction? 31. what type of procedure uses drugs taken by mouth or
 Beam flattening filter injected into the vein or throughout the body working
15. What device is design to confine the photon beam or to destroy cancer cell?
x-ray beam with 30 deg. 06:10  Chemotherapy
 Primary collimator 32. It is base of the principles of an electron in a charging
16. It is the power source of the accelerator that magnetic field experience acceleration in a circular
transform the AC to DC which is needed by the orbit.
components of the 07:09  LINAC
 Modulator 33. Which of the ff condition is a displacement of the
17. What part of the LINAC contains the clystron which vertebrae above or below?
place a primary role in the amplifying of the  Spondilolisthesis
radiofrequency waves for accelerating the electrons? 34. Which of the ff. term is use to describe the removal
 Stand part of the skull bone?
18. A cobalt 60 source comes from what element  Craniotomy
 Cobalt 60
35. Which of the ff. refers to the inflammation of the  Lacrimal
covering of the brain or spinal cord? 59. Which of the ff. refers to the excessive secretion of
 Meningitis sebum by the sebaceous glands?
36. What is syncope?  Seborrhea
 Fainting 60. Which of the ff. pertain to the waterfall?
37. What is brochiectasis?  Cataract
 Dilation of bronchus 61. What is arthrocentesis?
38. What is cystitis?  Use of needle to puncture a joint
 Inflammation of the urinary bladder 62. What is myasthenia?
39. It is a term for bluish discoloration of the skin due to  Muscle weakness
deficient oxygenation. 63. What do you call the accumulation of air in pleural
 Cyanosis space?
40. What is meningocele?  Pneumothorax
 A protrusion of the meninges 12:08 64. What is a localize collection of pus is the pleural
41. Which of the ff. refers to the vomiting of blood? cavity?
 Hematemesis  Empyema
42. What is chondroma? 65. What condition results in the separation of the
 A benign neoplasm of the cartilage placenta from its normal attachment?
43. Which of the ff. terms indicates an increase distance  Abruption placenta
between the orbits? 66. Stomatitis is an inflammation of what organ?
 Hypertelorism  Mouth
44. What is epistaxis? 67. What is deglutition?
 A term for nosebleed.  Swallowing
45. Which of the ff. refers to the fluid of the abdominal 68. An orchiectomy involves removal of what organ?
cavity?  Testicles
 Ascitis 69. What is the term best describes the excision or
46. What is exopthalmus? cutting of the bone?
 Visible abnormality of the eye  Osteotomy
47. What is cystocele? 70. Angina pectoris is associated with which of the ff.
 Protrusion of bladder to vaginal wall organ?
48. Which of the ff. refers to heart attack?  Heart
 Acute myocardial infarction 71. Which of the ff. describes decrease bone density?
 Osteoporosis
49. What is emetic? 72. What is the process of withdrawal or removal of the
 Vomiting blood?
50. What is vertigo?  Exsangguination
 Dizziness 73. What is pregnancy outside the uterus?
51. What is osteoclast?  Ectopic
 A bone absorbing cell 74. Pneumonia is described by which of the ff.?
52. Which of the ff. refers to the nocturia?  An acute inflammation of the lung
 Excessive urination at night 75. Dyspnea is associatied with many lung diseases.
53. Which of the ff. terms refers to the resembling bone What is dyspnea?
marrow?  Labored or difficulty in breathing
 Myeloid 76. Which of the ff. diseases is characterized by an
54. What is the medical term for the inflammation of the inflammation of the pleural membranes?
mucous membrane of the intestine?  Atelectasis
 Enteroteritis 77. What is called when fluid collects in pleural space?
55. Which term describes decrease urine production?  Pleural effusion
 Olyguria 78. Which of the ff. would describe the hemiplegic?
56. Which of the ff. refers to a partial dislocation?  Paralyze on one side
 Subluxation 79. Describes the quadriplegic?
57. Xeropthalmia?  Paralyze in all extremities
 Dryness of the conjunctiva 80. A goiter is associated with which of the ff, gland?
58. Which of the ff. pertains to tears?  Thyroid
81. A patient with breast cancer may be face with which 100. Which of the ff. brain disease results from
of the ff. surgical procedures? abnormal electrical discharge?
 Mastectomy  Epilepsy
82. Which of the ff. is the very serious infection of the
brain? PART 5
 Encephalitis
1. Which of the ff. is a branch of science that deals with
83. What is called when the patients ventricles are filled
the age?
with a large amount or CSF?
 Geriatric
 Hydrocephalus
2. To an elderly patient who has a loss of mental and
84. The disease process involving cancer of the
emotional control is said to be what?
lymphatic system?
 Senile
 Hodgkin’s disease
3. Which of the ff. disease involves chronic
85. What is the condition when tissue dies due to lack of
inflammation of the intestine?
blood supply and decomposes?
 Crohn’s disease
 Gangrene
4. What is the other name for bowel obstruction?
86. Diabetes mellitus is a condition caused by a lack of
 Ileus
insulin secretion of which of the ff. organ?
5. Pyloric stenosis is most often to a which of the
 Pancreas
ff.?
87. Which of the ff. is the malignant tumor of the epithelial
 Young infants
tissue?
6. Loss of appetite described which of the ff.
 Carcinoma
condition?
88. Which of the ff. tumor is an invasive tumor capable of
 Anorexia
metastasis and likely to cause death?
7. Which of the ff. is usually seen during
 Malignant tumor
culdoscope?
89. What does the term metastasis means?
 Ovaries
 Spread of a cancer to a distant site
8. What is the first intestinal discharge of a new
90. Which of the ff. describes a tumor and a actually
born infant, greenish in color and consisting of
means new growth?
epithelial cells, mucous and bile?
 Neoplasm
 Meconium
91. Which of the ff. tumor is non-malignant?
9. Which of the ff. disease is characterize by
 Benign tumor
passage of a large amount of dilute urine plus
92. Which of the ff. is a malignant tumor of connective
intense thirst and dehydration ?
tissue?
 Diabetes insipudus
 Sarcoma
10. Which of the ff. is not a normal function of the
93. Which of the ff. is a chronic degenerative liver
kidney?
disease?
 Discharge red blood cells into the urine
 Cirrhosis
11. What is the primary bone involved in LeFort
94. Splenomegaly is defined which of the ff.?
fracture?
 Enlargement of the spleen
 Maxillae
95. Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of which of the ff.
12. What do you call an exaggerated concavity of the
organ?
lumbar region?
 Liver
 Kyphosis
96. What is goiter?
13. What is the most important component of the
 Enlargement of the thyroid gland
formation of the hemostatic 22:15
97. Which of the ff. is a 19:39 physical retardation due to
 Collagen
congenital thyroid ?
14. What cell is concerned with the formation of bile
 Cretinism
and are often contains of fragments of red blood
98. A patient who has an elevated blood glucose level
cells and pigment granules that are derived from
would be described as what?
the breakdown of the hemoglobin?
 Hyperglycemic
 Kupffer cell
99. Which of the ff. is an injury of the brain caused by
15. What is the hormone produce by follicle essential
severe impact?
for the normal development of the female
 Contusion
reproductive organ?
 Estrogen
16. What term describes labored or difficulty of 32. Which of the ff. term refers to the process of
breathing? stretching the callus that forms between the ends
 Dyspnea of the bone that has been divided?
17. Which term describes profuse sweating?  Callutais
 Diaphoresis 33. What term refers to herniation of lung tissue?
18. What term describes defective muscular  Pneumatocele
coordination? 34. What type of blood cell has the capability to
 Ataxia attract both acidic alkaline dye?
19. What condition results from excess amount of  Neutrophil
insulin in the blood stream of the patient with 35. What type of blood cell has the ability to attract
Diabetes mellitus? dyes?
 Hypoglycemia  Eosinophil
20. What condition results from the immobilization of 36. Which of the ff. terms refers to an excessive
fatty acids when insulin is available to metabolize carbon dioxide of the blood?
glucose?  Hypercapnea
 Ketoacidosis 37. What term refers to hernia protrusion of the
21. What is the inflammation of the epiphyses? urinary bladder?
 Epiphysitis  Vesicocele
22. Which of the ff. term refers to the cessation of 38. What is the other term for urinary incontinence?
breathing?  Enuresis
 Apnea 39. What does describe the word nocturia?
23. Which of the ff. is an inflammation of the  Excessive urination at night
cartilage? 40. What does describe the term dementia?
 Chondritis  Loss of the ability to think clearly
24. What is the common term of the gas or the 41. What is quadriplegia all about?
common air in the stomach or intestine?  Paralysis of the arms and legs
 Flatus 42. What is the condition refers to the presence of
25. Which of the ff. refers to the accumulation of the cavities in the pons
fluid chiefly within the kidney, renal pelvis, and  Pontobulbia
calyces? 43. What best describes the term balanoplasty?
 Hydronephrosis  Plastic surgery of the penis
26. What is the commonly encountered fluid within 44. What is the medical term used to describe an
the abdominal cavity during abdominal inflammation of the glands of penis?
ultrasound?  Balanitis
 Ascitis 45. What is 28:34
27. What pathological condition is synonymous in the  Narrowing of the prepuce Phimosis
term icterus? 46. What kind of cyst commonly formed in the milk
 Jaundice duct?
28. Which of the ff. referred to the surgical removal of  Menarche
either left or right lung? 47. What is the proper term for fusion or stiffening of
 Pneumonectomy the joint?
29. Which of the ff. refers to the difficulty in reading at  Ankylosis
the usual distance and in performing close 48. What is the medical term use to describe
network due to ___ age in the ability of the eye to breaking of a joint?
alter its focus to see close object clearly?  Arthroclasia
 Presbyopia 49. What is myoclonus
30. Which of the ff. terms refers to the  Uncontrollable muscle twitching
communication between the two blood vessels
without any intervening capillary network? 50. What term describes biologic catalyst which feed
 Anastomosis up the process of digestion?
31. What is the pathological term use to describe  Enzymes
lung or mass or hard feces? 51. What is a semi-fluid mass produce when the
 Scybalum stomach contents are churn with saliva?
 Chime
52. Which of the ff. term describes the surgical 70. What is the term use to describe an inflamed
opening into renal collective system muscle fiber caused by parasitic worm due to
 Nephrotomy eating insufficient ly cooked pork
53. Which term describes an abnormal accumulation  Trichinosis
of fluids in the intercellular spaces? 71. Which of the ff. refers to the dilation of the renal
 Edema calyces
54. Which of the ff. is the localize dilation of the wall  Calyectasia
of the artery? 72. Which is the medical term of a surgical creation
 Aneurysm of an opening in the common bile duct?
55. Which of the ff. indicates the presence of an air  Choledocostomy
in the pleural cavity resulting in a partial or 73. Which is the ff. term refers to a painful digestion
complete collapse of the lung  Dyspepsia
 Pneumothorax 74. Which of the ff. term pertains to a “fox mange”
56. Which of the ff. is a fatty tumor  Alopecia
 lymphoma 75. Which of the ff. procedure describe the use of a
57. Which of the ff. involves a cystic dilation of a needle to puncture a joint usually to remove a
distal ureter near the entrance to the bladder fluid of analysis
 Ureterocele  Arthrocentesis
58. Which terms describes a localize area necrotic 76. Which of the ff. term refers to process of pruning
tissue or cutting off
 Infarct  Amputation
59. Which of the ff. is malignant tumor arising from 77. What is the medical term used to describe an
connective tissue inflammation of the bone marrow
 Sarcoma  Osteomyelitis
60. What is the common name of osteitis deformans 78. What best describe ateroma.
 Pagets disease  A fatty deposit
61. Which term describes loss of blood 79. What is sideropenia
 Hemorrhage  Iron deficiency
62. Which of the ff. refers to a posterior defect of the 80. This of the ff. condition reduces oxygen level of
spine due to the lack of fusion of the elements of the blood.
the vertebrae  Hypoxemia
 Spina bifida 81. What is hypercapnea
63. Which of the following terms describes a  Excessive carbon dioxide in the blood
condition characterize by a slow heart beat 82. What is the ff. term pertaining the presence of
 Bradycardia bacteria in the urine.
64. Which off the ff. terms pertaining body  Bacteuria
enlargement
 Somatomegaly
65. Which off the following describes an irregularity in
the heart beat
 Arrhythmia
66. Which of the ff. terms describes bronze diabetes
 Hemochromatoses
67. Which of the ff. terms a chronic superficial
inflammation of the skin characterized by
redness, oozing, crushing, and scaling
 Eczema
68. Which of the ff. condition refers to a painful state
of the supporting structures of the body.
 Rheumatism
69. Which of the ff. describes a paraplegic
 Paralyzed from waist down