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19bee067 Lic Lab Exp 5

The document describes the design and simulation of a second order low pass filter and high pass filter using an op-amp. It provides the circuit diagrams and design steps for each filter. Calculations are shown for designing a low pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 1kHz and high pass filter with a cutoff of 5kHz. The circuits are then simulated in Multisim and the frequency responses are obtained, showing the filters functioning as expected below and above the cutoff frequencies respectively.

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Jeevan Jeeva
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275 views8 pages

19bee067 Lic Lab Exp 5

The document describes the design and simulation of a second order low pass filter and high pass filter using an op-amp. It provides the circuit diagrams and design steps for each filter. Calculations are shown for designing a low pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 1kHz and high pass filter with a cutoff of 5kHz. The circuits are then simulated in Multisim and the frequency responses are obtained, showing the filters functioning as expected below and above the cutoff frequencies respectively.

Uploaded by

Jeevan Jeeva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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GURU YOGIRAJ K

19BEE067
Ex No 5 ACTIVE LOW PASS AND HIGH PASS FILTER
Date: 24.07.2021

AIM:
To construct a second order low pass and high pass active filter using Op-amp LM741
as per the designand obtain the frequency response of the filters using Multisim online
simulator.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

MULTISIM ONLINE SIMULATOR

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND DESIGN:

Filters using transistors, op-amps along withthe passive elements are active filters.
1. Low Pass Filter (LPF): A low pass filter allows low frequency signals to passfrom input
to output while it attenuates HF signals from the input.The cut off frequency f o of the filter
denotes the frequency where the filter changes its function. For a LPF it passes all
frequencies below that frequency and rejects all frequencies above that. A LPF has only
upper cut-off frequency denoted by fH.The graph of magnitude of transfer function
(output/input) against frequency is called Frequency response of a filter

2. High Pass Filter (HPF): A high pass filter allows high frequency signals to pass from
input to output while it attenuates LF signals below the cut off frequency from the input.
The cut off frequency fo of the filter denotes the frequency where the filter changes its
function.For a HPF it passes all frequencies above that frequency and rejects all frequencies
below that.A HPF has only lower cut-off frequency denoted by f L.The graph of magnitude of
transfer function (output/input) against frequency is called Frequency response of a filter
GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067
Circuit Diagram

1: II order LPF

The design steps for Second Order Low Pass Butterworth Filter are
1) Choose the cut-off frequency fH,
2) The design can be simplified by selecting R 2 = R3 = R and C2 = C3 = C. Choose a value of C
less than or equal to 1 μF.
3) Calculate the value of R from the equation,

4) Rf = 0.586R1, Choose R1 and find Rf.


GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067
2. II Order HPF

The design steps for Second Order High Pass Butterworth Filter are
1) Choose the cut-off frequency fL,
2) The design can be simplified by selecting R 2 = R3 = R and C2 = C3 = C. Choose a value of C
less than or equal to 1 μF.
3) Calculate the value of R from the equation,

4) Rf = 0.586R1, Choose R1 and find Rf.


Design:
1. LPF: Design a second order LPF having an upper cut-off frequency of 1KHz. Determine its
frequency response.
2. HPF: Design a second order HPF having a lower cut-off frequency of 5KHz. Determine its
frequency response.
GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067
DESIGN CALCULATION:
1. LOW PASS FILTER:

Take Fh= 3k Hz and C= 0.3micro Farad


Let R = 1/2*3.14*fH*C ohms
= 1/2*3.14*(3*10^3)*(0.3*10^-6)
R= 177 0hms

Rf = 0.586 * R1 Let R1 = 3k ohms

Rf = 1.7k ohms

2. HIGH PASS FILTER:

Take Fh= 9k Hz and C = 0.3 micro Farad


Let R = 1/2*3.14*fh*C ohms
= 1/2 * 3.14 * (9*10^-3) * (0.3*10^-6)
R = 59 ohms

Rf = 0.586 * R1
Let R1 = 6 k ohms

Rf= 3.5 k ohms


GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067

SIMULATED CIRCUITS:
1. LOW PASS FILTER:

2. HIGH PASS FILTER:


GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067
SIMULATED OUTPUTS:
1. LOW PASS FILTER:
GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067
2. HIGH PASS FILT
GURU YOGIRAJ K
19BEE067

INFERENCE:
Gain of the LP filter rolls faster after the cut-off frequency in the stop band. In case of II
order filter the roll off is 40dB/decade. Cut-off frequency is decided by R & C and gain is
decided by R1 and Rf. Interchanging the positions of R and C in LPF result in HPF. In case of II
order LP filter the roll off is -40dB/decade and for HPF it is +40dB/decade.

RESULT:
Thus the second order low pass and high pass active filters are constructed using Op-amp
LM741 as per the design and the frequency response of the filters is obtained using
Multisim online simulator.

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