AGRI

CULTURE
NOTES

GRADE4-
7

Agr
icul
tur
e

Itist
hegrowi
ngofcr
opsandthekeepi
ngofanimals.
 Thepr
act
iceoff
armi
ngi
ncludi
ngtherear
ingofcr
opsandani
mal
s.

Br
anchesi
nagr
icul
tur
e

 Crop pr oduct ion -deals wit

h gr owing ofcrops.I thas it
s sub-
branchesnamel y(a)Agronomy( b)Hor t
icul
tur
e
Agronomy–deal swithsoilmanagementandgr owi ngofcrops
Horticulture – deal s with cul
tivati
on ofveget ables,frui
ts and
ornament alcrops.
 Animalpr oducti
on.I tdealswithkeepi nganimals.Itisknownas
Animalsci ence
 Agricultureeconomi cs–dealswi thfarmingbusi
ness.
 Agriculturalengi neeri
ng–deal swi thknowledgeoff arm machines
andequi pment
 Soilscience–deal swi t
hmanagementofsoi l
.

I
mpor
tanceofagr
icul
tur
e

 Pr
ovidesemployment
 Pr
ovidesfood
 Pr
ovidesforei
gncurrency
 Pr
ovidesrawmaterialseghi
des
 provi
desfuelegethanol
 Pr
ovidesdrugs

Pr
ofessi
onal/
Car
eer/Joboppor
tuni
ti
esi
nagr
icul
tur
e

 Far
m manager
s
 Fi
shfar
m manager
s

1
  Plantbr eeder
 Soilscient i
sts
 Agriculturaloffi
cers
 Teacher s
 Veterinarydoct ors
 Landsur veyors
 Plantbiol ogist
s
 Foodsci entist
s
 Agronomi sts
 Agriculturalengineer
s
 Wildlifeinspect or
 Wat ermanagementpl anner

Agr
icul
turalactivit
ies
 Weedi ng
 Rear i
ngani mals
 Feedingani mals
 Ploughing
 Harvesting
 Pruningt r
ees
 Wat eri
ngcr opsandtr
ees
 Sprayingchemi cal
stocr
ops
 Planti
ngcr ops

FARMI
NGSYSTEMS

Di
ver
sif
iedf
arming
Itisasyst
em ofpr
oduci
ngavar
iet
yofcr
opsorani
mal
sononef
arm.

Advant
agesofdi versi
fiedfar mi
ng
 Therei sbetteruseofl and
 Bestuseofal lequipment
 Lessr iskofcropf ail
ureandmar ketval
ueoft
hepr
oduct
.
 Lessr iskthanspeci al
izedfarming
 Regul arcashr et
ur nsfrom var
iouspr oj
ect
s
 Soilerosioncanbechecked
 Soilferti
li
tycanbechecked

2
Di
sadvantages
 Dif
fi
culttomanagesomanypr oj
ect
s.
Inspectioni
sdi
ffi
cul
t
 Alotofequi
pmentisneeded.

Speci
ali
zedfarming
I tiswhenaf armerpract
iceonlyonekindoff
arm busi
ness.Eg
rai
singfoodcropsorr
aisi
ngdair
ycatt
le.

Advant
agesofspecial
izedfarming
 Easytomanage.
 Farmrecordscanbemai nt
ainedeasi
ly.
 Lessequi
pmentandl abourneeded
 Moreprofi
tabl
e

Di
sadvant
agesofspeci
ali
zedf
armi
ng

 Thereisgr eat
erriskofl
oss.Whent
her
eiscr
opf
ail
ureorl
owmar
ket
pri
cesoft heproduct.
 Nopr operuseofl and.
 Lackofcr oprotati
on
 Soilf
erti
li
tydiff
icultt
omaintai
n.

Mi
xedf
armi
ng

Asystem off
armi
ngwhi
chi
nvol
vest
hegr
owi
ngofcr
opsandr
aisi
ngof
l
ivest
ock.

Advant
agesofmi xedf armi
ng
 Provi
deswor kt hr
oughoutt
heyear
 Manurefrom livest
ockcanbeusedtoimprovesoi
lfer
ti
li
ty.
 Provi
deallfoodneedsf ort
hefamil
y.
 Moreprofi
table
 Cropproductscanbeusedt ofeedl
ivest
ock.
 Bett
eruseofl and.

Subsi
stencef
armi
ng

3
  Afar
merwhogr owscr
opsandkeepsani
mal
sforper
sonal
useor
domest
icuse.

 Thegrowingofcr
opsandr
aisi
ngofl
ivest
ockf
orf
ami
lyuseonl
ynot
enoughforsal
e.

Commer
cialf
armi
ng

Thepr
oduct
ionofcr
opsandf
arm ani
mal
sforsal
e.

Thethr
eemaingroupsoff
armer
sinZi
mbabwear
elar
ge-
scal
e,smal
l
scal
eandpeasant.

Advant
agesofusi
nghandhar
vest
ing

 Theyaremoreaccur
atet
hanmachi
nehar
vest
ing.
 Thereisl
essdamagetot
hepr
oduct
.
 Creat
emor eempl
oyment
.
 Cheaptomanage.

Advant
agesofusingmachi
neharvester
s
 Theyar
efast
.
 Lessl
abouri
sneeded
 Highwagesf
orworker
s
 Lessl
abourmanagementpr
oblems

Di
sadvant
agesofusinghandharvesti
ng
Itissl
ow
 Morelabouri
sneeded.
 Morelabourmanagementpr
oblems.

Di
sadvant
agesofusi
ngmachi
nehar
vest
ing

 Machinesareexpensi
vetobuy.
 Machineareexpensi
vetomaint
ain
 Reduceemployment.

4
  Damageofcr opsismor e.
ZI
MBABWE
I salandlockedcountry.
 Hasf i
venat ur
alregi
ons.
 HighestpointisinNyangamountai
n.
 Lowestpoi ntisfoundbetweenthejunct
ionoft
heRundeandSave
River.
 LongestriverisZambeziriver
 Largestl
ake/dam Kar ibaDam.

FARMI
NGREGI
ONSI
NZI
MBABWE

 Ar
easwi
thhi
ghrainfallar
ecalledhighvel
ds.
 Ar
easwi
thl
owrainfallarecal
ledlowvelds.

Nat
uralr
egionone(Nyanga, Mutare,Chimanimani,Chipinge)
 Therei
shi ghrainf
all.Morethan1050mm r ainfallperyear.
 Suit
ableforf or
estry,frui
tandi ntensivel
ivestockpr oduct
ion(
beef
anddairy)
 Teaandcof feearegr owninthisregion.

Nat
uralregiontwo( Marondera,Har are,Mazoe, Chinhoyi
,Bindura)
 Highr ai
nfall
.700t o1050mm r ainf
allperyear.
 Suitable for growing t obacco, mai ze, cotton, beans, bar
ley,
groundnuts,sorghum,wi nterwheatandot hers.
 Alsogoodf orkeepingcattleformeatordai r
yandpoul tr
y.

Nat
uralregi
onthree(Kwekwe,Kadoma,
 Averagerai
nfal
l
-500–700mm r ainfal
lperyear.
 Cropsgrownaremaize,t
obacco,groundnuts,
cottonandmor
e.
I r
ri
gationi
susedinthi
sregi
on.

Nat
uralregionfour(
Bul
awayo, Hwange,Plumtree,Gokwe)
 Lowr ainf
all
-450–600mm r ai
nfal
lperyear.
 Droughtresist
antcropsaregrowni nthisregi
onegmil
let
,sor
ghum
andsunf l
ower.Maize,gr
oundnuts,
andr oundnutsar
eal
sogrown.
I r
ri
gationisusedinthisr
egion.

5
Nat
uralr
egi
onf
ive(Chi
redzi
,Bei
tbr
idge,
Mudzi
,Kar
iba,
etc)

 Ver ylowrainfal
l.Lessthan500mm r ainf
alli
srecei
vedperyear
.
 Sugarcanegr owswel li
nthisregion.
Ir r
igationisusedt owatercrops.
 Droughtr esi
stantcropsaregr own.
 Cat t
leranchingisdone.
 Al otofgamepar ksarefoundi nt
hisregion.Wil
danimal
sarekepti
n
thegamepar ks.

Nat
uralf
armi
ngr
egi
onl
abel
ledabove.

A…Regi
onone

B……Regi
onf
ive

C……Regi
ont
wo

D……Regi
onf
our

E….Regi
onThr
ee

6
  Teaandcof
feearegrowninChipingeandNyanga.
 Regi
onfi
veisreser
vedforwil
dli
femanagement.
 Sugar
canei
sgr owninChir
edziandMkwasini
.

Gamepar
ksi
nZi
mbabwe

 GonarezhouNationalPark
 Chi
zarir
aNationalPar k
 HwangeNat i
onalPar k
 ManaPool sNationalPark
 Antel
opePark
 Chi
mani maniNat i
onalPark
 ZambeziNationalPark
 MatusadonhaNat ionalPar
k

CROPS
A plantcult
ivat
ed forf ood orot heruse especi
all
y a cer
eal
,fr
uitor
vegetabl
e.
CEREALCROPS
 Theyaref r
om t
hegr assfamil
y.
 Theyarealsocal l
edgr ai
ncropsorfi
eldcrops
 Theyarer i
chi
ncar bohydr at
es
 Usedasst apl
ef oodi nmanycountri
es.

CEREALCROPS
 Maize
 Sorghum
 Wheat
 Mill
et
 Barley
 Rice
 Rapoko
PESTS
 Maizestalkbor
ers
 Caterpi
ll
ars
 Stem borer
swhichat
tackmi
ll
et.
CONTROL

7
  User esistantvari
eti
es
 Cropr otati
on
 Weedi ng
 Raisingt hefert
il
it
yofsoi
l
 Useoft rapcr ops
 Earlyplanting
intercroppi ng

VEGETABLES
Veget
abl
esandf
rui
tsar
eri
chi
nvi
tami
ns.

ROOTVEGETABLES
 car
rots
 oni
ons
 pot
atoes
 gar
li
c

LEAFVEGETABLES
 spinach
 cabbage
 broccol
i
r ape
 kale
 Covo
 Tsunga

FRUITVEGETABLES
t omatoes
 pepper
 cucumber
 eggplants
 pumpki ns
 butter
nuts
PESTS
 aphids
 nemat odes
 mites

8
LEGUMES - t heyar
eri
chi
npr
otei
nsandcanf
ixoutni
tr
ogeni
nsoi
l
.
 Groundnuts
 Roundnuts
 Beans
 Peas
 Soyabeans

Legumesar
eusedbyf
armer
sbecauset
heyi
mpr
ovesoi
lfer
ti
li
ty.

Pest Cr
opat
tacked

Dove Sor
ghum andsunf
lower

Snoutbeet
le mai
ze

Weaverbi
rd Sor
ghum andsunf
lower

Quai
l Wheat
,sor
ghum,
mil
l
et

Semil
ooper Soyabean,
sunf
lower

Ar
mywor
m mai
ze

Aphi
ds Gr
oundnut
s,wheat
,sor
ghum

Cut
wor
m Soyabean,
sunf
lower

St
alkbor
er Mai
ze,
sor
ghum

SOI
L

SOI
LTYPES
9
Sandsoil
 haslargeparticl
es
 waterpassest hroughi
teasil
y
 notfer
til
e
 doesnotst i
cky
r oot
sofpl antsmoveeasily
 haslargeparticl
esanddoesnothol
dwat
er.

Loam soil
isami xtur
eofsandandcl
aysoi
l.
 Fert
il
esoil
 Hasgooddr ai
nage
 Goodformostplantgr
owt
h

 hasamixt
ureofl
argeandsmal
lpar
ti
clesandi
sthebestsoi
lfor
growi
ngcr
ops.

Cl
aysoi
l

 Hassmal lpar
ti
cles
 Fer t
il
esoi
l
 Stickswhenwet
 Haspoordr ai
nage
 Plantroot
smovewi thdi
ff
icul
ty.

 Thet
wot
ypesoff
ert
il
izer
sar
eAmmoni
um Ni
tr
ateandcompound
D.

 Manur
eandcomposi
temanur
ear
eor
gani
cfer
ti
li
zer
s.

 Gr
ass,
leavesanddeadpl
ant
sar
eusedwhenmaki
ngacompost
.

Soi
lpr
ofi
le

10
 I ti
sthearr
angementofsoilhori
zonsf r
om t
optobottom.
 Thewayt hesoilpart
icl
esar earrangedwithrespectofone
another
.Egtopsoi
l,
subsoi l
,gr
avel soi
l.

Soi
lst
ructur
e
Soi
lst
ructur
eref
erst
othesi
zedi
str
ibut
ionofsand,
clay,
andsi
ltpar
ti
cles
i
nthesoil
.

SOI
LCOMPONENTS

Soi
liscomposedofcomponent snamel
y;
 Minerals–45%
 Organicmatter–5%
 Air–25%
 Water–25%
Thelargestcomponentofsoi
lar
eminer
alswi
th45%andt
hel
easti
s
organicmatterwi
th5%.

ORGANISMSTHATLI
VEI
NSOI
L.
 Earthworms
 Mites
 Nemat odes
 Fungi
 Ants
 Bacteri
a
 Protozoa

 Plantroot
s,eart
hworms,ter
mit
es,
thesunandor
gani
cmat
terar
e
agentsofsoilf
ormat
ion.

 Smallor
ganismsinf
luenceveget
ati
onbycausi
ngf
all
erl
eavesand
br
anchestodecay.

Fer
ti
lesoi
l

i
tissoi
lwhi
ch cont
ain al
lthemaj
ornut
ri
ent
sneeded f
orpl
ant

11
 gr
owt
h.

I
nfer
ti
lesoi
l

I
tissoi
lwi
thoutmaj
ornut
ri
ent
sneededf
orpl
antgr
owt
h.

Pl
antnut
ri
ent
s

 Nitrogen-helpswi t
hthegrowt hofpl
ants
 Phosphor us– pr omotesgr owthofr oot
sandi mprovesqual
it
yof
fr
uits
 Potassium-increasesdiseasesresi
stanceandformati
onoffr
uit
 Otherplantnut r
ientsarecalcium,ir
on,boron,copper
,manganese,
sulphurandzi nc.

SMALLLIVESTOCKS
 Rabbit
s
 Poult
ry
 Sheep
 Goats

Poul
tr
y
 Chi
ckenst
hatar
emai
nlykeptt
opr
oduceeggsar
ecal
ledl
ayers.
 Chi
ckenst
hatar
emai
nlykeptt
opr
oducemeatar
ecal
ledbroi
ler
s.

Car
ingforpoultr
y
 Provi
dewi thcl
eanwaterfordri
nki
ng.
 Cl
eani t
sshelter
.
 Housesf orpoul
tr
yshouldbesecure.
 Shelt
ershouldbewellventi
lat
ed.

Poul
tr
ydi
seases

 Newcastle
 Fowlcholera
 Cocci
diosis

12
  Avi
aninf
luenza
 Fowlpox

Rabbi
ts

Car
ingforrabbit
s
 Provi
dewi thcleanwat erfordri
nki
ng.
 Cleanit
sshel ter.
 Housesf orrabbi t
sshouldbesecure.
 Shelt
ershoul dbewel lventi
lat
ed.
 Keepthem i nacage.
 Separatesickones.
 Provi
deashel terwit
hplentyspace.
 Handlethem wi t
hcare.
 Provi
dewi thpr opermedicalcare.

Pr
ocessi
ngrabbit
s
 Youcanprocessyourownr
abbi
tsbyski
nni
ng.

Sel
li
ngr
abbi
tspr
oduct
s

 Sel
lrabbi
tmeati
nvill
ageandbutcher
ies.
 Sel
lrabbi
tbr
eeder
stoot herf
armer
s.
 Sel
lrabbi
tst
otheprocessor.

Rabbi
tsdiseases
 Coccidiosi
s
 Tul
ar emia
 Pasteurell
osi
s
 Enterit
is

Ani
mal Typeofmeati
tpr
ovi
des

Pi
g Por
k
Catt
le beef
Sheep mutt
on
13
GroupofAni
mal
s Whattheyf
eedon Example
Omnivor
es Meatandplants Baboonandpeople
Herbi
vor
es pl
antsandgrass Catt
leandgoats
Carni
vor
e Meat l
ionandleopar
d

Farmingbudgeti
ng
I
tisapl anont heamountofmoneyandmat
eri
alsneededt
ost
arta
far
mingbusiness.

Thei
mpor
tanceofabudget

 Helpcal
culateprof
itorloss.
 Helpcal
culatecostofinputsormateri
alsneeded.
 Provi
dethebasisforat otalf
arm pl
an.
 Helptoi
mpr oveproduction.

Not
es
 Tobaccocat
erpi
ll
ar,podborer,
aphids,t
hri
ps,
ter
mit
es,
whi
tegr
ubs,
pest
swhichmainlyatt
acksgroundnuts.

 Wheati
sacer
ealcommonl
ygr
owni
nwi
nterunderi
rr
igat
ion.

 Wheat ,sor ghum andmi l

letarecropsarecommonlyat t
ackedby
quailbirds.
 Plasticandmet alareexamplesofl
itt
erwhi
chdoesnotdecayeasi
ly.
 Thet hreemai ngr
oupsoff ar
mersinZimbabwearelar
ge-scal
e,
smal lscaleandpeasant.

 cl
oudseedi
ngi
stheuseofchemi
cal
stopr
oducer
ainf
all
.

 Fodderi
sfoodf
orcat
tl
e.

 Spr
inkl
ersandhosepi
pesar
eir
ri
gat
ioni
mpl
ement
s.

14
  Moneyusedt
ost
artabusi
nessi
scal
ledcapi
tal
.

 Al
lfar
m asset
sar
erecor
dedi
nthei
nvent
oryr
ecor
d.

 Thegr
eencol
our
ingofl
eavesonpl
ant
siscal
ledchl
orophyl
l.

 Organicfer
ti
lisersar
ether
emai
nsofpl
ant
s,ani
mal
sandi
nsect
s.
Naturalf
ert
il
isers.

I
nor
gani
cfer
ti
li
sersaremadeart
if
icial
ly.EgcompoundD,
Ammoni
um Nit
rat
e,CompoundC,
Ur ea,CompoundSandmore.

 Maj
ordamsi
nZi
mbabwear
e;
o LakeMut
ir
ikwi
o Mazvi
kadeiDam
o Kar
ibaDam
o LakeChi
ver
o
o Osbor
neDam

SAFESOURCESOFWATER.

 Spr
ing

 Bor
ehol
e

 Tap

15
  Cover
edwel
l

UNSAFESOURCESOFWATER.

 Dam

 Ri
ver

 Unpr
otect
edwel
l

WATERPOLLUTANTS.

Waterpol
lut
antsar
esubst
ancest
hatpol
lut
eswat
er.Topol
lut
eist
o
makesomethingdi
rt
y.

Thesear
e:

I
ndust
ri
alwast
e

 Sewage

 Agr
ochemi
cal
s

 Cowdung

 Fer
ti
li
ser
s

 Deadl
eaves

CHANGI
NGSTATESOFWATER

St
atesofwat
er Pr
ocess

Li
qui
dtosol
id f
reezi
ng

Sol
idt
oli
qui
d mel
ti
ng

Gast
oli
qui
d condensat
ion

Li
qui
dtogas evapor
ati
on

16
DEFI
NATI
ONS

I
nput
s

 Resour
ceswhi
char
eneededi
nfar
mingpr
oduct
ion.

I
nputs
 Seed
 Chemi cals
 Equipment
 Food
l abour
 Ferti
liser s
Cropproduct ioninputs
 Seeds
 Ferti
liser s
 Manur e
 Labour
 Equipment/ t
ool
s
I nsecticides
 Land
Animalproduct i
oninputs
 Stockf eeds
 Pesticides/ani maldrugs
 Equipment

Out
put
Iti
stheproduct
sthataregai
nedaf
terf
armi
ngbusi
ness.Egmoney,
meat
,mi
lk,cr
ops,eggs

Indi
genoustrees
Thesearetr
eeswhichori
ginat
enat
ural
lyi
napar
ti
cul
arcount
ry.
Examplesofindi
genoustr
ees
 Musasa

17
  Mutamba
 Munhondo
 Mopani
 musawu
Exot
ict
rees

 Thesear
etr
eeswhi
chor
igi
nat
efr
om ot
hercount
ri
es.

Examplesofexot
icf
rui
ttr
ees Ot
herexot i
c
 Mango Wat t
le
 Oranges Gumt r
ee(Eucal
ypt
us)
 Lemon Pi
ne
 Peaches Pyprus
 Guava
 Pawpaw
 Bananas
 Gum tree

TYPESOFTREES.

 EVERGREEN-Thesetr
eesgrowcont
inual
lyallyearr
ound.Thesear
e
al
socal
ledconi
fer
s.Oneexampl
eofaconi f
erispinetr
ee.

 DECI
DUOUS-Thesetreesshedl
eavesandst
opgr
owingdur
ingt
he
dr
yseason.Oneexampleofadeci
duoust
reei
sMusasa.

CONSERVI
NGTREES.

THEFORESTRYCOMMI
SSI
ON.
I
tlooksatwaysofpr
otect
ingourt
rees.

I
tencour
agesnewpl
ant
ati
onst
orepl
acef
ell
edt
rees.

NATI
ONALTREEPLANTI
NGDAY.

TheNat
ionalTr
eePl
ant
ingDayi
sthef
ir
stSat
urdayofDecember
.

18
USESOFTREES.

 Woodf
orf
ir
ewood.

 Bui
ldi
ngpol
es

 Fenci
ngpol
es

 Root
sformedi
cine.

 Ani
mal
seatt
reel
eaves.

 Fr
uit
s

 Honey

 Usedaswi
ndbr
eaks.

 Tr
eesar
eshel
terf
orbi
rdsandot
herani
mal
s.

 Maki
ngpaper

REASONSWHYTREESAREDI
SAPPEARI
NGFAST

 Needf
orl
and.

 Pol
esf
orbui
ldi
ngi
nrur
alar
eas.

 Needf
orf
ir
ewood.

 Toomanyani
mal
s.

 Vel
dfi
res.

Ref
orest
ati
on
 Plant
ingoft
reesi
nanar
eat
orepl
acet
hoset
hatwer
ecut
.

Aff
orest
ation
Thegrowingoft
reeswher
ether
ewer
enot
rees.

19
Def
orest
ati
on

Thecutt
ingoftr
eeswit
houtr
epl
aci
ngthem.
Defor
est
ationof
tenl
eadstosoi
ler
osi
on.

EFFECTSOFDEFORESTATI
ON.

 Lossofhabi
tat
s

I
ncr
easei
nsoi
ler
osi
on

 Poorsoi
ls

 Expandi
ngdeser
t

I
nter
croppi
ng

 Thegrowingoftwoormorecropsonthesamepieceofl
andatt
he
sametime.
 Toplantacropi
nthesamelandwit
hanother
.
 Thepract
iceofgr
owingt
woormor ecr
opstoget
heri
nthesamel
and.

Advant
agesofi
nter
croppi
ng

Itsaveswat er
.
Itincr
easesyields.
 Provi
descoverorshadet oplant
s.
Itreducesthegr owingofweeds
 Maintai
nssoilfert
il
ity
 Reducessoilrunoff

Monocul
tur
e

Itist
heuseoflandforgr
owingonlyonetypeofcrop.
 Thegr
owingofonlyonecropwi
thoutusi
ngthelandforot
heruses.

Di
sadvant
agesofmonocul
tur
e

20
  Diseasesspreadmor
eeasi
ly
 Lessprofi
table

Shi
ft
ingcul
ti
vat
ion

 Theuseofl
andatashortper
iodoft i
meandabandonitforanother
l
and.
 Thesyst
em i
nwhi
chlandiscult
ivat
edtempor
ari
ly,
thenabandoned.

Cr
opr
otat
ion

 Thegrowingofdiffer
entcr
opsonthesamel
andatadi
ffer
entti
me.
 Agoodcr oprot
ationhasthef
oll
owing;l
eaf
yveget
abl
e,fr
uit
veget
able,r
ootcropandlegumes.

Agoodcr
opr
otat
ion
Cabbage

Tomat
oes Peas

Pot
ato

Advant
ages

 Helpstomai ntai
nsoilfert
il
it
y.
 Helpstocont r
oldiseases.
 Helpstocont r
olweeds.
 Contr
olssoilerosion.
21
 I
mpr
ovessoi
lst
ruct
ure.

Mul
chi
ng

 Thecover i
ngofsoi lar oundplant
sbygr
ass,l
eavesplasti
csorany
mater i
alt
opreventmoi sturel
oss.
 Farmer scanretainmoi sturei
naveget
abl
ebedbymul ching.
Advant
agesofmul ching
 Retainsoilmoi sture.
 Providewarmt htopl ants.
 Preventerosi
on.
I mprovessoilfertil
it
y.
 Reducesgr owthofweeds.

Soi
ler
osi
on

 Thewashi
ngawayoft
opsoi
lbywat
erorwi
nd.

Agent
sofsoi
ler
osi
on

 Movingwater
 Wind
 Gr
avity
 Movingani
mals
Waysofprevent
ingsoi
ler
osi
on

 Addmul ch
 Pl
antgrassortrees
 Croprotat
ion
 Reduceovergrazing
Impr ovedrai
nage

Weat
her
ing

 Thebr
eaki
ngdownofr
ocksi
ntosmal
lpar
ti
clest
ofor
m soi
l
.

Typesofweat
her
ing

22
  Bi
ologi
calweathering
 Mechanicalweatheri
ng
 Chemicalweatheri
ng

Agent
sofweat heri
ng
 Movingwat er
 Wind
 Suddentemper at
urechanges
 Growingroots
 Plantaci
ds
 Rain

 Wi
nd

 Rol
li
ngst
onesi
nar
iverbed

 Movi
ngani
mal
s

Weat
her
 Thestateoftheat
mosphereataplaceoverashortper
iodofti
me.
I ti
sthestateofatmospher
e,tothedegreet
hatitiscoldorhot,wet
ordry,
calm orst
ormy,cl
earorcl
oudy.

Weat
herelements
 Temperatur
e
 Humidit
y
 Windspeed
 Winddirect
ion
 Rainf
all

Weat
herel
ement
sthataf
fectpl
antgr
owt
h

Temperat
ure–ver
yhi
ghtemperat
uresandverylowt
emper
atur
es.
Rai
nfal
l–veryl
owrai
nfal
landver
yhighrai
nfal
l.

23
 Weather I
nstrument Use t
o Measur
edi
n
Condit
ions MeasureIt
Temperatur
e Thermometer Degr
eesCel
sius
WindDirect
ion Windvane
Humidity Hygrometer
Rainf
all rai
ngauge Mil
li
met
res mm
WindSpeed Cupanemomet er Km/hr

Cl
imat
e
Isthest
ati
sti
csofweat
heroveral
ongper
iodoft
ime.

St
atewhati
shappeni
ngatpoi
ntsl
abel
led.

At
ranspi
rat
ion

B evapor
ati
on

Cr
unof
f

D.condensat
ion
Sil
tat
ion

I
tist
hef
il
li
ngofdamsandr
iver
swi
thmudcausedbysoi
ler
osi
on.
24
 I
tisthef i
ll
ingofdamsandriver
sbyf
inesand,cl
ayandot
her
mat
eri
alscarri
edbyr
unni
ngwat
er.
Nur
sery

Iti
saseedbed.
Iti
sapl acewher
eseedsar
egr
ownt
oauseabl
esi
ze.Egt
omat
o
nurser
y,oni
onnur
ser
y.

Humidi
ty
Theamountofwat
ervapourorgasi
ntheat
mospher
e.

Preci
pit
ati
on
Rain,
snoworhai
lthatf
all
stoorcondensesont
hegr
ound.

Formsofpreci
pit
ati
on
Rain
Snow
hail
Transpl
ant
ing

i
tist
omoveseedl
ingsf
rom aseedbedaper
manentbed.

 Evapor
ati
oni
sthepr
ocesswher
ebywat
erchangef
rom l
iqui
dto
gas.

 Condensat
ioni
schangi
ngf
rom gast
oli
qui
d.

 Runof
fiswat
ert
hatf
lowsont
hesur
faceoft
hegr
ound.

 Seepageorper
col
ati
oni
swat
erwhi
chsi
nksi
ntot
hegr
ound.

Transpi
rat
ion
Thelossofwaterbyt
reest
hroughl
eaves.

PLANTS

Pl
antpar
tsanduses

25
St
em
 Theysuppor
ttheplant
.
 Theycarr
ywaterandfoodt
oot
herpar
ts.

Roots
 Theyabsorbwat erandminer
alsfr
om t
hesoil
tothepl
ant.
 Theysupporttheplant
.
Leaves
 Responsi
bleforexchangeofgassesandpr
ovideuswit
hoxygen.
Flowers
Producefrui
ts.

Namet
hepar
tsoft
hepl
antbel
ow:

A.f
lower

B.
leaves

C.st
em

D.r
oot
s

SEASONSI
NZI
MBABWE

26
  Ther
earefourmainseasonsi
nZi
mbabwe.
 Thewett
estseasoninZi
mbabweisdur
ingt
hesummerseason.
 Thecol
destseasoninZi
mbabweisdur
ingt
hewinterseason.
 Thehot
testseasoninZi
mbabwei
sduri
ngthespri
ngseason.
 Thepostrainseasoniscall
edaut
umn.Itisaseasonaf t
er
summerandbef or
ewinter
.

Season Peri
od
MainRainy DectoMar ch
Season
Winter MidMaytomi dAugust
PostRainySeason MarchtomidMay
Spri
ng MidAugusttoearl
y
November

Tr
eesandf
orest
ry

Or
chard
Itisalandpl
ant
edwithfr
uitt
rees.
 Aplacewher
efr
uitt
reesaregrown.

Or
chardtrees
 Oranges
 Mangoes
 Lemons
 Apples
 Bananas
 Pears
 Guavas
 Peaches
 Limes
 Grapefrui
ts
t angeri
ne

27
Ci
tr
usf r
uits
lemon
 oranges
 grapefr
uit
t angeri
ne

Agoodor
char
dsi
te

 Pl
antnearyourhometopr otectfr
om t
hievesandani
mal
s.
 Pl
antwheretherei
swat ernearby.
 Pl
antonwelldrai
nedsoils.
 Pl
antwheretherei
sfullsunl
ight.
 Useafencedarea.
 Pl
antawayfrom bui
ldi
ngs.

Car
ingofanor chard
 Waterthetreesregul
arl
y.
 Prunethetreesannuall
y.
 Fencetheland.
 Provi
detreeswithfert
il
iser
sormanur
e.
 Mulchyourt r
ees.
 Sprayyourtreeswithchemical
s.

Pest
sanddi
seases

 Leafcurldiseasewhichatt
ackspeachtrees.
 Fungaldiseases.
 Fir
eblightattacksappl
esandpeaches.
 Codli
ngmot hisaninsectt
hatat
tackfr
uittrees.

Far
mtool
sandmachi
ner
y

Car
ingoff
armt
ool
s

 Cl
eanthem aft
eruse.
 Oilt
hem.
 Keepthem i
nastoreroom.

28
  Repai
rthem whenbr
oken.
 Pai
ntthem.

Exampl
esoff
arm machi
ner
y

 Tractor
 Combi neharvest
er
 Culti
vator
 Bl
owerspr ayer
 Ai
r craf
tsprayer
 Cottonharvester

Far
mtool
s

 Spade–i susedfordi gging, planting, hoeing,shoveli

ng,andcutti
ng
l
awnedges.
 Rake/har r
ow–i susedf orbr akingupr oughsoi lsurf
acesmaki ng
fi
neseedbed, t
oopenandcl oseseeddr i
lls,andtoremovedead
grassorleaves.Usedt ospr eadsoi l.
 Hoe–i susedfordiggi ng, weedi ng, andr akingoffhoedweeds.
 Trowel–i susedf ortranspl antingorpl antingofseedli
ngsand
harvesti
ngofcar r
ots.
 Wat eri
ngcan–usedf orwat eri
ngpl antsandspr ayingchemi cal
s
 Gardenf ork–isusedf ordi gging, forcompostmaki ng.
 Pruningsaw-usedf orpr uning
 Sickle-i
tisusedtocutgr ass.
 Shovel–i tisusedfordi ggi ngort ol oadbul kmat er
ial
slikesoil
or
manur e.
 Knapsackspr ayer–usedt ospr aychemi cals.
 Axe–usedt ocuttrees.
 Sl
asher-usedtocutgr ass.
 Matt
ock-i susedforcut ti
ng,uproot
ingst
umps,anddi
ggi
ng.
 Pi
ck-usedf ordi
ggi ng.
 Wheelbarr
ow-carryingheavyl oads

Saf
etyt
oconsi
derwhenusi
ngagr
ochemi
cal
s

29
 Wearpr otecti
veclotheswheneveryouusechemicals.Egover
all
s,
gum boot s,l
ongsl eevedshi
rt.
 Mixpest i
cidesout doors.
 Mixonlywhatyouneedt ouse.
 Avoi
dt hespi l
lingofthepesti
cide
 Donoteatwhenusi ngagrochemical
s
 Readthei nstructi
onsbeforeuse.
 Avoi
dwi ndycondi ti
onswhenusingagrochemi
cals
 Washyourhandswi t
hsoapafteruse.

 Anagri
cul
tur
alact
ivi
tywhi
chcauseswat
erpol
lut
ioni
suseof
agr
ochemi
cals.

Tr
iangl
e{col
our
} Dangerwar
ning{
meani
ng}
Gr
een Caut
ion

Or
ange Danger
ous

Red Ver
ydanger
ous

Pur
ple Ext
remel
ydanger
ous

Youwanttogr owcabbagesatyourschoolgarden.Twopacketsof
seedsareneededat$3.50each.Twobot t
lesofchemicalsat$8
each.Chi
ckenmanur eisboughtf
rom MrMut al
i at$5per
wheelbar
row.Twowheel bar
rowareneededperbedandyouar e
goingtohavetenbeds.Eachbedwillhave20plants.Thecabbages
wil
lbesoldatadollareach.

a)Howmuchwi
llyouneedf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngi
tems;

i
. Seeds(
1)

30
 i
i. Chemi
cal
s(1)

i
ii
. Manur
e(2)

b)Cal
cul
ate;

i
. t
heexpect
edexpendi
tur
e(2)

i
. t
heexpect
edi
ncome(
2)

i
i. t
heexpect
edpr
ofi
t(2)

AGRI
CULTUREQUESTI
ONS

Agr
icul
tur
eGr
ade7Revi
sionquest
ions

INTRODUCTI ONTOAGRI CULTURE

1.Whati sagr icult
ure?
2.Whati st he impor t
ance ofagr i
cult
ureto a]you b]f ami l
y c]the
communi tyd]t henati
on?
3.List4a]gar dent oolsb]farmtools.
4.Listtheimpor t
anceofa]gar dentoolsb]farmtool
s.
5.a]Statecommonhazar dswhenusi ngt ool
sb]howcanyoupr eventt
he
hazards?
6.Identif
yt hef ourseasonsinZimbabwe.
7.a]Statethemont hstheseasonsf allin?b]Agr
icult
uralact
ivi
tiesdonein
eachseason.
8.List5t hebr anchesofAgr i
cultur
e.
9.Descr i
bet hemaj oractivi
ti
esinvolvedineachbranchofagr i
cultur
e.
10.I
dent
if
y3basi
cfar
mtool
s.
11.Cl
assi
fyt
ool
saccor
dingt
othei
ruses.
12.St
ate3dif
fer
entwaysofmaintainingf
armtool
s.
13.Li
st3char
acter
ist
icsofgoodstorageoff
armtool
s.

14.I
dent
if
y5commonhazar
dsr
elat
edt
oagr
icul
tur
alact
ivi
ti
es.

15.St
ate3waysofpr
event
ingcommonagr
icul
tur
alhazar
ds.
31
16.St
ate3safeusesoffar
mt ool
sandimpl
ements.
17.Descr
ibe3safewaysofhandl
ingagr
ochemical
s.

18.Howshoul
dwedi
sposeofAgr
ochemi
cal
s?

CLI
MATEANDLANDUSE

19.St
atet
he3ef
fect
sofweat
heronagr
icul
tur
alact
ivi
ti
es?

20.Whatisweather
?
21.a]Whati
scli
mate?b]
Whati
scausi
ngcl
imat
echangei
nZi
mbabwe.

22.a]I dent
ifyt he NaturalFar
ming Regions ofZi mbabwe.b]st at
e
agri
cul
tural act
iviti
es done in each region. c] st
ate the aver
age
temper
atureandr ai
nfal
lineachr
egi
on.

SOI L
23.Whati sthea]per centageb]f unctionof :
soilmineralmat t
er
soilwater
soilair
soilorganicmat t
er
24.Whati sweat heri
ng?
25.a]State4agent sofweat hering.b]Li st3typesofweat
her
ing.
26.Classifysoilaccordi
ngt opar ti
clesize.
27.Descr i
bethepr operti
esofeachoft hesoiltypes?
28.Whati ssoilfert
il
ity?
29.Listthethreemai nnut r
ientsinsoil.
30.State2di f
ferenttypesoff erti
li
zers.
31.Identif
y3sour cesofor ganicmat t
er.
32.Descr i
behowt omakecompost :
mat eri
als
preparati
on
si
ze
management
33.Whati ssoilerosion?

32
34.Name4causesofsoi ler osion.
35.St
ate4agent sofsoi lerosi on.
36.Name3t ypesofsoi ler osion.
Howdof armer scont
rolsoi lerosion?
37.Li
st3eff
ect sofsoiler osion.
38.Whati
ssoi lpol
lut
ion?
39.Li
st3causesofsoi lpol lution.
40.Li
st3eff
ect sofsoilpol luti
on.

WATER
41.Li
stthe3usesofwat erinagr icul
ture.
42.Name3t hesour cesofwat er.
43.Whatarenaturalsour cesofwat er?Name3oft hem.
44.Whatareman- madesour cesofwat er?Name3oft hem.
45.Li
st3met hodsofconser vingwater.
46.a]Whatiswaterhar vesti
ng?b]Whati swat erconser
vat
ion?
47.Stat
e3met hodsofwat erhar vest
ing.
48.Li
st3met hodsofsoi lmoi stureconservat
ion?
49.Whatiswaterpol l
uti
on?
50.Stat
e3causesofwat erpolluti
on.
51.Stat
e3ef f
ectsofwat erpol lut
ion.

PLANTS
52.List3usesofpl ants.
53.Classifypl
antsaccor dingtoa]useb]l i
fecycle.
54.a]Identi
fy4externalpar t
sofapl ant.b]Descr i
betheuseofeachpar t.
55.Identif
y3sour cesofpl antnutrients.
56.St ate 3 major/macr o nutri
ent sr equired bypl ants.b]Expl
aint he
i
mpor tanceofmaj orplantnut ri
ents.
57.State5mi cronutrientsneededbypl ants.
58.a]Whatar ei ]
leafi i]
fr
uitiii
]r
ooti v]l
egume veget abl
es b]give two
exampl esofeach.
59.Whi chnutri
ti
onal valuedowegetf rom vegetables.
60.How dowegr ow t hef ol
lowinga] Leafveget able:b]Rootvegetable:

33
 c]
Fruitvegetabled]maizee]sor
ghum:
-landpr eparati
on
variet
ies/cult
ivars
planti
ngt i
me
spacing
managementofcr op
harvesting
mar keti
ng
planti
ngmat er
ial
s

nurser
ies
61.St
ate3import
anceoff
rui
ttr
ees.

62.
Whatar
ea]i
ndi
genousb]exot
icf
rui
ttr
ees.Gi
vet
woexampl
esofeach.

63.Whatist
opr
opagat
eexot
icandi
ndi
genousf
rui
ttr
eesf
rom seedsand
cutt
ings.

64.Howcanaf
armerest
abl
i
shanur
ser
y?

65.Expl
ainthe3i mpor t
anceoftrees.
66.I
denti
fy3indi genousand3exot ict
reesthatyouknow.
67.Howcanaf armermanageanur seryofexoti
candindi
genoust
rees.
68.I
denti
fy3causesofpl antdamage.
69.I
denti
fyeffectsofanimals,fi
reanddroughtoncrops.
70.Suggestmet hodsofpr ot
ecti
ngplantsfr
om damage.

ANIMALS
71.Explai
ntheimportanceofdomesti
candwi l
danimal
s.
72.Explai
nthediff
erencebetweendomesticandwi l
dani
mals.
73.Stat
e3usesofwi l
danddomest i
catedanimals.
74.Stat
e3pr oductsand2by-product
sofpoul t
ry.
75.Stat
e3pr oductsand2by-product
sofr abbi
ts.
76.State3farm animals.b]stat
e3pr oductsand3by-product
sofeach
ani
mal .

77.Gi
vet
woexampl
esani
malhousi
ngf
orpoul
tr
yandr
abbi
ts.

34
78.Explai
nthef
oll
owinganimalmanagementsyst
ems:a]ext
ensi
veb]
i
ntensi
vec]semi
-extensi
ve.

79.St
ateessentialanimalnut r
ient sneededfornormalgrowth.
80.I
denti
fynutri
entsneededbyani mals.
81.St
atesourcesoft hesenut rients.
82.Whatisabal anceddiet ?
83.St
atethefunctionsof4nut rientswhichconsti
tut
eabal anceddi
et.
84.Whatisnutri
entdef i
ciency?
85.I
denti
fy4nut ri
entdeficiencysympt omsinanimals.
86.Namenut ri
entsthatcount erdef ici
encyi
nanimals
87.Gi
ve2t ypesofsmal llivestock.

88.I
dent
if
ythei
mpor
tanceofsmal
lli
vest
ock.

89.Howdoesaf armerr
earsmalll
ivest
ock.
-housingrequi
rements
-feedi
ng
-cari
ng
90.Ident
if
y3par asit
esanddi
seaseswhi chaf
fecta]poul
tr
yb]r
abbi
ts.

91.Howcanaf
armercont
rolofpar
asi
tesanddi
seasesi
nsmal
ll
ivest
ock?

92.How doesafar
mermarketpoul
tryandr
abbi
ts.b]Li
stt
hepr
oduct
s
andby-pr
oduct
sofpoul
tr
yandrabbi
ts.

FARM IMPLEMENTSANDMACHI NERY

93.Li
st5farmimplement s.
94.St
atetheusesofeachf armi mplementabove.
95.Descr
ibemethodsofcar i
ngf orfar
mi mplement
sandmachiner
y.
96.Descr
ibewaysofmai ntai
ningf ar
mi mplement
sandmachiner
y
97.Li
stwaysofstoringfarmimpl ementsandmachiner
y.
98.Preparean inventoryoff arm implementsand machi
neryofyour
choi
ce.

AGROBUSI
NESS

35
99.List3exampl esofagr i
cult
ur einputs.
100.Li st3exampl esofagr i
cultureout put s.
101.Li st5exampl esagr i
cult
uralpr oduce.
102.Li st3exampl esofpr oducet hatcanbemar ketedlocall
y.
103.Whatar eagr i
culturemar kets?
104.Ident if
y4l ocalmar ketsforagr opr oduct s.
105.Ident if
y2nat i
onalmar ketsforagr opr oducts.
106.Ident if
yincomeandexpendi t
ur eofanagr i
cult
uralenterpri
se.
107.Whati sa]i ncomeb]expendi ture?
108.a]Pr epar eani ncomeandexpendi turer ecordforthisfarmingproject
forthemont hofJul y.Theybuy:
-Chickenf eed30kgat$6. 00akg.
-Maizeseeds3kgat$2. 00akg.
-Ferti
lizer10kgat$5. 00akg.
-100br oil
erchi cksat$0. 50each
Theysel l:
-480eggsat$2. 50adozen
-15chi ckensat$7. 00each
-20bunchesofmai zeat$0. 50abunch.
b]Cal culat etheirprofitorloss.
109.Youwantt ogrowcabbagesatyourschool garden.Twopacket sof
seedsar eneededat$3. 50each.Twobot tlesofchemi calsat$8each.
Chickenmanur eisboughtf rom MrMut aliat$5perwheel barrow.Two
wheel bar r
owar eneededperbedandyouar egoingt ohavet enbeds.Each
bedwi llhave20pl ant s.Thecabbageswi l
lbesol datadol l
areach.

 Howmuchwi
llyouneedf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngi
tems;

a) Seeds(
1)

b) Chemi
cal
s(1)

c) Manur
e (
2)

 Cal
cul
ate;

a) t
heexpect
edexpendi
tur
e(2)

36
 b) t
heexpect
edi
ncome(
2)

c) t
heexpect
edpr
ofi
t(2)

PAPER2QUESTI
ONS

SECTI
ONA.( 30MARKS)
Answer6[
six]questi
onsf
rom t
hissect
ion.

1.Underwhi chbranchesofAgricult
uredoeseachoft hef
oll
owing
act
ivit
iesfal
l? a)Managementofsoi
l.(1)
b)Producti
onofcr ops.(1)
c)Managementofani mals(1)
d)Namet heequipmentusedf orthefoll
owingact
ivi
ti
es

Br
eaki
ngsoi
ll
umps(
1)

Weedi
ng(1)
Tot
al(
5)

2.a)Li
stt
hreetypesoftool
swhi charest
oredinthetoolshed. (
3)
b)Whathappenswhentoolsarelef
texposedtotherai
nfal
l. (
1)
c)Nameanytoolusedinthegarden.
(1)
(5)

3.a)St
ateanyt
hreeagent
sofweather
ing (3)
b)NameanytwoseasonsinZi
mbabwe (2)
(5)

4.a)Nameanytwoinstr
ument
sf oundataweat
herstat
ion (
2)
b)stat
eonecr
opwhi chi
sdamagedbyfrosti
nwi
nter. (1)
c)Expl
aint
hedif
fer
encebet
weensummerandwi nt
er (
2)
(5)

37
5.a)St
atet
heper
cent
agesoft
hef
oll
owi
ngel
ement
sinsoi
l

Ai
r..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
%

Wat
er.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
%

Organicmatt
er.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.% (
3)
b)Stateanyr
easonwhyweshouldmakeacomposti
naschool
garden. (2) ( 5)

6.a)Stat
eanythreethi
ngsthatpol
lut
ethesoi
l( 3)
b.Stat
eonepropert
yofeachofthefol
lowi
ngsoil
s

Sandsoi
l…………………………………………………………………………….(
1)

Claysoi
l………………………………………………………………………….
. (
1)
(5)

7.a)Li
stt
het
hreestat
esofwater (3)
b)Nameanyt
wot hi
ngsthatpol
lut
ewat
er (
2)
(5)

8.a)St ateanytwousesofwat
er (2)
b)Listtwowaysofconservi
ngmoi
stur
e (2)
c)Drinkingwateri
sin……………………………stat
e (1)
(5)

9.a)Nameanyt
wolegumecrops ( 2)
b)…………………………….
.i
sanexampleofarootcr
op(
1)

c)Stat
eanyt
wousesoft
rees (
2)
(5)

10.a)Gi
vetwoexamplesofci
tr
usf r
uits(2)
b)InZi
mbabweorangesaremainl
ygrownin……………………………… [
1]
c]Nameoneindi
genousandoneexotict
ree (
2)
[5]

11.Copyandcompl
ete

Ani
mal Pr
oduct
38
Chi
cken ……………………………

Cat
tl
e ………………………………… [
3]

……………………………………… Por
k
……. (
3)

b]Namet
wopr
oduct
sthatcanbemadef
rom ani
mal
ski
n(2)
[
2] [
5]

12.a]Nameanytwolocalmarket
sthatyouknow (
2)
b]Giveanyt
hreecr
opsthatar
esoldatthel
ocalmar
ket
s [
3]
[
5]

SECTI
ONB[
20MARKS]

ANSWERANYTWOQUESTI
ONS

13.a]Ther
earefourmai
nseasonsi
nZi
mbabwe.Fi
lli
nthet
abl
eon
seasonsbelow

Seasons Mont
hs

……………… ………………….
,
………………….
.,
………………… [
6]
………

…………….
. ………………….
,………………….
,……………………
b]Inwhich
………
two
…………… ……………………….,
………………………,………… seasons
……… arecr
ops
grown
…………… ……………………….,
…………………………,……… under
……… i
rri
gati
on?
(2)
c]Whi
chenvi
ronment
aldamagei
scommoni nt
hehotdryseason? (1)

39
 d]Howdoesaf
armerpr
otecthi
sorherf
arm agai
nst
vel
dfi
res? (
1) [10]

14.Whati ssoi
lerosi
on?( 1)
b]Stat
efivecausesofsoilerosi
on(5)
c]Stat
efourwayst opreventsoi
ler
osi
on(
4)
[10]

15.Copyandcompl
etet
het
abl
e

Cut
ti
ngt
ool
s Di
ggi
ngt
ool
s

1. 1.

2. 2.
[
10]
3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

16.Def i
nethefol
lowingt
erms
a]evaporati
on [
2]
b]transpi
rat
ion [ 2]
c]condensation [ 2]
d]precipi
tat
ion [ 2]
e]infi
lt
rat
ion [
2]
[10]

17.a]Stat
eanyfourusesofwood (4)
b]Thetabl
ebel
lowshowsmet hodsofgr
owi
ngt
rees.Copyandcompl
ete

Cut
ti
ngs Shoot
s Seeds

………………………… ……………… …………………………

…

…………….
..
..
..
..
..
..

40
 .
. 2…………………………… [
6]

[
10]
3…………………………
18.a]
Giveany
t
hree

i
]indigenousfruittr
ees(3)
i
i.Exoticfr
uitt
rees( 3)
b]Namef ourpr ocessedpr
oduct
soff
rui
ts [
4]
[
10]

19.a]Givef ourexamplesofleafvegetabl
es [ 4]
b]Gi vethreeexamplesofrootvegetabl
es [3]
c]Givethreeexamplesoflegumeveget abl
es [3]
[10]

20.a]Stateanyfoursourcesofwat er [
4]
b]Givethreedomesti
cusesofwat er [
3]
c]Stat
et hethr
eetypesofsoiler
osion [3] [
10]

MORETYPI
CALQUESTI
ONSMULTI
PLECHOI
CE

1.
Howmanybr
anchesofagr
icul
tur
ear
ether
e? A Si
xBf
ourCf
ive
Dthr
ee

2.Agri
cult
ureprovi
despeopl
ewith__
___
_.Ahousesanddiscos B
foodandclothes C peopleandani
mals Duniver
sit
iesand
coll
eges

3.Whyshoul
dwenotleavetool
soutsi
dewheniti
srai
ning?AThey
cangetwet Bt
heyfeelcol
d Ct heyrustD t
heyaremadeof
plast
ic

4.Pest
ici
desar
eusedf
orcont
rol
li
ng_
___
___
.A Weeds Bgar
den
41
C pest
s Df
ungi

5.Whichoft
hef
oll
owi
ngbi
sani t
em ofpr
otect
ive cl
othi
ng? A
Spect
acl
esB gl
oves Cr
aincoatDknapsacksprayer

6.Aft
erusi ngagrichemicals__
_ _
__.AEatsomef ood Buset he
chemicalcontai
nersforotherpurposes Cwashyourbodywith
soapandwat er D checkequi pmentforl
eaksandweaknessses

7.Highplacesr
ecei
ve____
____
___. A Hi
ghr
ainf
allBl
owr
ainf
all
C norai
nfallD moder
ater
ainf
all
.

8.Zimbabwei
sdi
videdi
nto_
___
__seasons. A Si
x Bf
ive C
fourDtwo

9.Whichoft
hefol
lowi
ngisamaj
orfact
oraffect
ingagr
icul
turei
n
Zi
mbabwe? A Rai
nfal
l Bsoi
l Ctemperat
ure D vegetat
ion

10.St
udyt
hemapofZi
mbabwebel
ow

Thear
eamar
kedAi
sinr
egi
on_
___
___
. A1 B 2 C 4 D5

11.Anexampleofadroughtresi
stantcr
opi
s__
___
_. AMai
ze
Btobacco C wheat D mi l
let

42
12.Uset
hepi
echar
tbel
ow

Whichconst
it
uenti
sr epresent
edbyD? Awat
erB ai
r C
or
ganicmatterDmi neralmatter

13.Temperatur
echangescausesrockst
o_ __
___
.A Expandand
cont
ract B becamesmall
er C havelayer
s Dr et
ainwat
er

14.Whi
chofthef
oll
owingi
sanagentofweat
her
ing? A Wi
nd B
waterCminer
almatt
er D pl
antr
oots

15.Themostcommonor ganicf
ert
il
iserusedi
nZi
mbabwei
sf r
om
___
____. AExcr
eti
onofcatt
le BcomponentZ C deadpl ants
D limest
one

16.soilst
ruct
urecanbeimpr
ovedby_ _
___
_.A Pl
anti
nggrass B
applyi
ngorgani
cfert
li
ser
s C appl
yingi
nor
gani
cfert
li
ser
sD
wateri
ng

17.Washingawayofnut
ri
ent
sresul
tsin___
_ _
_ _
.A Pooryi
elds
Bformat
ionofgull
eys C goodcr ops D highrai
nfal
l

18.soi
lerosi
oni
smainlycausedby_
___
___
.A Humanact
ivi
ti
es
Bsil
tat
ion Cnat
uralf
actor
s Ddamsandri
ver
s.

19.Whichoft
hefol
lowi
ngisnotawayofconser
vingsoi
ulwater
?
ATil
lageB pr
act
ise mulchi
ng Cir
ri
gat
ion D tiedri
dging

20.____
___
__isamet
hodusedtohar
vestwat
er. A Reser
voi
r
tanks Bwateri
ng C i
rr
igat
ionD t
apwater

43
 21.LakeMut
ir
ikwii
sfoundi
nwhi
cht
own? A Masvi
ngo B Kar
oi
C Harar
e D Mutar
e

22.Whi chofthefoll
owingisnotanef
fectofwat
erpoll
uti
on? A
Soi
lerosion B deforest
rat
ion Cwaterbornedi
seasesD
poi
soningfish

23.Fr
uitveget
abl
esareri
chi
n_ _
_ _
____
.ACal
cium B
car
bohydrat
esC prot
eins D vi
tamins

24.Trell
isi
ngis___
_ _
__.A Removingunwant
edbranches B
gi
vingsupportt
ogrowingtomatoesplant
s Cwateri
ngtomato
pl
ants Dcheckingforpest
sanddiseasesontomatoplant
s

25.__
_____
sucksapfr
om t
hepl
ant
s.Aaphi
ds B ear
thwor
ms C
ear
lybli
ghtD eelworms

1.
Whichoft
hefol
lowi
ngagri
cult
uralequi
pmentsisusedtopl
oughl
arge
pi
eceofl
and? A.Gar
denf or
k B.Spade C.Oxpl
ough D.
Harr
ow

2.Howmanybr
achesofagri
cul
tur
ear
ethere?
A.Four B.t
hree C.Si
x D.f
ive

3.Towhichbr
anchdoesatr
act
orbel
ong?
A.soi
lsci
ence B.cr
oppr
oduct
ionC.Ani
mal
product
ion D.Agr
icul
tur
al
engi
neeri
ng

4.Whichoneoft
hef
oll
owingisamaj
orf
act
oraff
ect
ingagri
cult
urein
Zimbabwe? A.Rainf
all B.Soil C.
Temperat
ure D.Vegetat
ion

5.Whichoft
hesei
sclassi
fi
edasl
argeanimal?
A.rabbi
t B.pig C.broi
lers D.l
ayer

6.Whi
choft
hesecr
opsi
sonl
ygr
ownf
orcash?
44
 A.Mai
ze B.Wheat C.Cot
ton D.
Sor
ghum

7.Thi
stooli
san………………..
A.axe B.r
ake C.shovel D.kni
fe

8.Tool
sar
ecoat
edwi t
hoi
lsot
hatt
heydonot………………………….
A.rust B.br
eak C.wearf
ast D.har
m

9.Whichoft
hesetool
sisusedforcutt
ing?
A.spr
ayer B.hor
se-
pipe C.water
ingcan D.bow-
saw

10.Sel
ectacr
opwhichisusedformanuf
acturi
ngst
ockf
eed.
A.maize B.sugarcane C.tobacco D.cot
ton

11.Zi
mbabwei
sdivi
dedint
o…………….
.seasons.
A.Si
x B.f
ive C.f
our D.t
wo

12.Ther
ear
e………………………….
.nat
uralf
armingregi
ons
A.thr
ee B.f
our C.f
ive D.si
x

13.Aninst
rumentusedtomeasur
erai
nfal
lisa………………………….
.
A.windvane B.rai
ngauge C.f
unnel D.t
her
momet
er

14.I
nwhi
chr
egi
oni
sir
rigat
ionpr
act
iced?
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4

15.Temperat
uresar
e……………….i
nwi
nter
.
A.cold B.warm C.humi
d D.
moderate

16.Humi
dai
ris…………………
A.dry B.moi
st C.dust
y D.cool

17.……………isthehei
ghtaboveseal
evel
.
A.escar
pment B.al
ti
tude C.val
ley D.l
ati
tude

18.Anexampl
eofadroughtr
esi
stantcr
opi s……………………
A.maize B.t
obacco C.cot
ton D.
sorghum
45
19.Selectacr
opgr
owninwi
nter
.
A.wheat B.mai
ze C.cot
ton D.
sorghum

20.Mostareasi
nMatebel
elandar
esuit
ablef
or………….
A.Catt
ler
anging B.pl
ant
at i
on C.poul
tr
yproduct
ion D.or
nament
al
pl
antat
ion

21.Whichconsti
tuenti
srepr
esent
edby l
ett
erD?
A.water
B.ai
r
C.Organicmatt
er
D.Mineralmat
ter

22.Whicht
ypeofsoilhaslar
gerpar
ti
cles?
A.loam B.clay C.sand D.si
lt

23.Namet hepar
tofpl
antwhi
chabsor
bsnutr
ient
sfr
om t
hesoi
l.
A.leaves B.root
s C.st
em D.bar
k

24.Far
mersshoul
dlookaft
erthesoi
lbecauseiti
s…..
A.weal
th B.al
ive C.or
ganic D.por
ous

25.Thebreaki
ngdownofsoili
scal
led………………
A.weather
ing B.er
osi
on C.def
orest
ati
on D.
rai
nfal
l

26.……………………….
.isanagentofweather
ing.
A.soi
l B.wind C.f
ood D.bui
ldi
ng

27.Whatcausessoi
ler
osion?
A.far
ming B.pl
anti
ngtrees C.st
ream bankcul
ti
vat
ion D.
i
rri
gati
on

28.NPKstandsf
orNitr
ogen,
Phosphorousand……………
A.car
bon B.copper C.boron D.pot
assi
um

29.Whatpol
lut
essoil
?
A.wat
er B.l
it
ter C.ai
r D.pot
assi
um
46
30.Onewaytopreventsoi
ler
osioni
s…………………
A.mulchi
ngbasesoilB.burni
nggrass C.over
grazi
ng D.notf
armi
ng

31.Soi
lmoist
urer
etur
nstotheatmospherethr
oughthepr
ocess
of……………….. A.evapor
ati
on B.Inf
il
tr
ati
on
C.Respir
ati
on D.notfarming

32.Anexampl
eofmoi st
ureconser
vat
ionmethodi
s
………………… .A.i
rr
igat
ion B.
harvest
ing C.f
iel
dcrops D.mul chi
ng

33.Wat
eri
sf oundint
hreest
ateswhichar
eli
qui
d,sol
idand……………….
A.ai
r B.soil C.water D.gas

34.Whichoft
hefol
lowingcanbeusedasmulchi
nveget
abl
ebeds?
A.grass B.t
ins C.sand D.asbest
os

35.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owingi
samet
hodofwat
erharvest
ing?
A.wat
eri
ng B.tapwat
er C.r
eser
voi
rtank D.i
rr
igat
ion

36.Whatcomesoutwhenwaterisboi
led?
A.hotwater B.warm water C.watervapour D.heat

37.LakeMutir
ikwi
isf
oundinwhi
cht
own?
A.Masvingo B.Har
are C.Mut
are D.Bul
awayo

38.Twodiseaseswhi
charecausedbydr
inkingpollutedwat
erare……………
A.malar
iaandcholer
a B.typhoidandchol
era
C.kwashi
orkoranddi
arr
hea D.typhoidandpneumonia

39.…………….Causesbadsmellt
ocomeoutofpol
lut
edwater.
A.rawsewage B.dumpedrubbi
shes C.Indust
ri
alwast
e D.
fer
ti
li
zer
s

40.EMAstandsf or
A.EconomicManagementApproach
B.Earl
yMaturi
tyAssessment
C.Envi
ronmentalManagementAuthor
it
y
D.EasyManagementApproach.
47
Uset
hef
oll
owi
ngdi
agr
am t
oanswerquest
ions41and42

41.Par
tXisa.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
...
..
..
..
..
..
A.tapr
oot B.Br anches C.r
oot
s D.st
em

42.Whichpar
tofthet
reeabsor
bsthesunl
ight
?
A.root B.st
em C.l
eaves D.br
anches

43.Whichoft
hesei
sanexampl
eoff
ruitvegetabl
e?
A.cabbage B.t
omato C.carrot D.l
ett
uce

44.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.shoul
dbecont
rol
ledbecauset
heycompetewithpl
ant
sfor
nut
ri
ents. A.weeds B.cabbages C.
Pot
atoes D.insect
s

45.Wheredoespol
li
nat
iontakepl
ace?
A.root
s B.stem C.f
lower D.Leaves

46. Redcol
our

Thi
sagrochemi
calcol
ourcodemeans..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
A.caut
ion B.poi
son C.danger
ous D.verydanger
ous

47.Afr
uitt
reepl
ant
ati
oni
scall
edan.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
A.or
chard B.For
estry C.Garden D.f
arm

48.Pestsarecont
rol
l
edusing..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
A.insect
ici
des B.pest
ici
des C.her
bici
des D.cr
ops

49.Apestwhi
cheat
smaizeleavesi
scal
l
ed……………………….
A.cut
worm B.mai zest
orkborer C.armywor
m D.r
edspi
dermi
te

50.Whi
chofthef
oll
owi
ngisani
ndi
genoust
ree?
A.gum t
ree B.Cypr
us C.Watt
letr
ee D.musasat
ree.

48
C

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igav.
w

49