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1 Theortical Distribution

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24 views11 pages

1 Theortical Distribution

Uploaded by

Deepak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Theoretical Distributions

 A random experiment can be assumed as a model for


theoretical distribution, and the probabilities are given
by a function of the random variable defined on this
sample space of this random experiment is
called probability function. It can be either discrete or
continuous
 For example, if we toss a fair coin, the probability of
getting a head is 1/2 ​. If we toss it for 50 times, the
probability of getting a head is 25/50 . Where we
call this 25 as the theoretical or expected frequency
of the heads. But actually, by tossing a coin 50 times,
we may get 25, 30 or 35 heads which we call as the
observed frequency.
 Thus, the observed frequency and the expected
frequency may equal or may differ from each other
due to fluctuation in the experiment
 Discrete distribution
Uniform distribution
Bernoulli distribution
Binomial distribution
Poisson distribution
 Continuous distribtuions
 Uniform distribtion
 Normal distribution
 Definition:

 A random variable X is said to follow the


uniform distribution of the discrete type if its
probability mass function is given by
 f(x) = 1/n, x=1,2,3,4...n
 =0, elsewhere
 A random experiment which has n equally
likely outcomes can be said to follow
uniform distribution of the discrete type
 1. Let an unbiased coin be tossed and let x=1 if
head turns up and x=0 if tail turns up
 f(x) = 1/2, x=1,0
 =0, elsewhere
 2. Let a unbiased die be thrown and let X denote
the number thrown .. then
 f(x) = 1/6, x=1,2,3,4,5,6
 =0, elsewhere
 3. Let numbers 1 to n be written on identical lots
and put in a box and a lot is drawn. Let X denote
the number thrown
 f(x) = 1/n, x=1,2,...,n
 =0, elsewhere
 1. Mean (μ)= E[x]
 =∑ x f(x)

 =

 = x͞

 2. Variance (σ2) = E[X2]- E[X]2

 = - x͞ 2

 Moment generating function (Mx(t))



 =
 Let a unbiased die be thrown and let X denote
the number thrown. Find the mean and
variance of X
 Ans : Given f(x) = 1/6, x=1,2,3,4,5,6
 =0, elsewhere
 Mean = ∑ x f(x)
=1*1/6+2*1/6+3*1/6+4*1/6+5*1/6+6*1/6
 =(1+2+3+4+5+6)/6
 =21/6
 =7/2

 Variance = E[X2]- E[X]2

 = - x͞ 2


=12*1/6+22*1/6+32*1/6+42*1/6+52*1/6+62*1/6- (7/2)2

 =(1+4+9+16+25+36)/6 –(7/2)2
 =91/6- (7/2)2
 = 91/6-49/4

 =35/12
 Find the m.g.f of X if X follows the uniform
distribution an takes values 1, 2, 3, 4
 Ans: Mx(t) =


 =


 =

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