SEMESTER IV

PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II
(BP403TP)
Multiple Choice Questions

INDEX
Chapter. No. Chapter Name Page No. Total Questions
1 Colloidal Dispersion 2 60
2 Rheology 11 54
Coarse Dispersion: Suspension 19 30
3
Coarse Dispersion: Emulsion 24 56
4 Micromeritics 34 44
Drug Stability: Chemical Kinetics 41 35
5
Drug Stability 47 40
319

Dr. C. J. Tank, Associate Professor, Page 1

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Chapter 1: Colloidal Dispersion

1. An example for colloidal systems is:
a. clays and gels
b. ointments and pastes
c. solutions of soaps and proteins
d. suspensions and emulsions
Ans: c

2. The criterion to call a system ‘colloid’ is

a. a fine state of subdivision of dispersed phase
b. dispersed particles are in the size range of 1 nm to 1 µm
c. interface is very extensive
d. the presence of dispersed phase in a dispersion medium
Ans: b

3. Solutions of proteins and starch in water are the examples of the colloidal type:
a. hydrophilic
b. hydrophobic
c. lyophilic
d. lyophobic
Ans: a

4. Electrodialysis method is employed in the colloidal chemistry for the purpose of :

a. Indentification
b. preparation
c. Purification
d. Stabilization
Ans: c

5. Silica gel is an example for the type of gel:

a. dilatants
b. elastic
c. rigid
d. thixotropic
Ans: c

6. Which of the following DO NOT form colloid spontaneously?

a. association
b. lyophilic
c. lyophobic
d. micellar
Ans: c

7. Sulphur sol is an example of colloidal type:

a. Association
b. hydrophilic
c. lyophilic
d. lyophobic
Ans: d

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8. Thixotropic type of behavior is shown by the gel:

a. bentonite
b. pectin
c. silica
d. starch
Ans: a

9. In the determination of size, shape and structure of colloidal particles, which one of the following CAN
NOT be used?
a. electron microscope
b. instrument measuring light scattering
c. Langmuir film balance
d. ultramicroscope
Ans: d

10. Surfactant solutions are termed as association colloids when their concentrations are:
a. insufficient to saturate the bulk phase
b. insufficient to saturate the interface
c. less than critical micellar concentration (cmc)
d. more than cmc
Ans: d

11. Name the type of colloidal dispersion to which electrolytes are normally added in small quantities to
stabilize:
a. association
b. lyophilic
c. lyophobic
d. micellar
Ans: c

12. Protective colloids DO NOT:

a. aid in dispersion
b. decrease the zeta potential
c. lower the interfacial tension
d. offer a mechanical barrier
Ans: c

13. Which one of the following colloids is difficult to prepare?

a. association
b. hydrophilic
c. hydrophobic
d. lyophilic
Ans: c

14. In high concentrations, electrolytes destabilize a lyophilic sol by a process termed as :

a. coagulation
b. dilution
c. salting out
d. solvation
Ans: c

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

15. Which quality of the dispersed phase is responsible for the increased viscosity of a hydrophilic
colloidal dispersion?
a. charge
b. shape
c. size
d. surface area
Ans: d

16. Dispersion of acacia in water gives the colloid of type:

a. association
b. negative
c. neutral
d. positive
Ans: b

17. Addition of alcohol to a hydrophilic colloid leads to:

a. crystallization
b. hydration
c. precipitation
d. stabilization
Ans: c

18. The critical value of zeta potential (in milli volts) for a stable colloid (except gold sol) is:
a. from 20 to 50
b. from 50 to 100
c. less than 20
d. mor than 100
Ans: a

19. If kinetic energy of interaction is about 25 kT (Where k is gas constant), the system can be considered
to have:
a. deflocculated state
b. long half life
c. short half life
d. weak attractiton forces
Ans: b

20. In foams, the dispersed phase and dispersion medium, respectively, are:
a. gas and liquid
b. gas and solid
c. liquid and gas
d. solid and gas
Ans: a

21. The characteristic of a lyophobic sol is that:

a. electrolytes in small amounts induce stabilization
b. it is reversible
c. particles have high electric charge
d. viscosity increases by the presence of particles
Ans: c

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

22. Hydrosol refers to a system in which the dispersed phase and dispersion medium, respectively, are:
a. gas and water
b. liquid and water
c. solid and water
d. water and solid
Ans: c

23. Electrodialysis is used, when impurities in a sol are:

a. amphiphiles
b. colloids
c. electrolytes
d. nonelctrolytes
Ans: c

24. Under ultramicroscope, colloid particles appear as:

a. bright specks against dark background
b. concentric rings
c. dark specks against bright background
d. fluorescent specks
Ans: a

25. Which one of the following properties is extensively applied for determining the molecular weight of
polymer?
a. depression of freezing point
b. elevation of boiling point
c. lowering of vapour pressure
d. osmotic pressure
Ans: d

26. Aerosol is the reverse of :

a. emulsion
b. liquid foam
c. smoke
d. solid foam
Ans: b

27. In the determination of the gold number of a protective colloid, the endpoint is indicated by:
a. measuring the change in particle size
b. noting sedimentation volume of gold
c. observing the color change
d. weighing of the precipitate
Ans: c

28. The semipermeable membrane used in haemodialysis is:

a. cellophane
b. cellulose acetate
c. polyethene
d. polyvinyl acetate
Ans: a

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29. The stability of acacia in water is due to:

a. formation of micelles
b. hydration of solids
c. lowering interfacial tension
d. presence of electrical charge
Ans: b

30. The molecular weight of dispersed solids in a colloidal system can be determined using an
instrument:
a. ultracentrifuge
b. ultrafilters
c. ultramicroscope
d. zeta meter
Ans: a

Pee Vee Publication

31. When the size of particle is less than 1nm then it is called
a. Molecular dispersions
b. Colloidal dispersions
c. Suspension
d. Emulsion
Ans: a

32. The movement of colloidal particles through a liquid under the influence of electric field is called
a. Electrophoresis
b. Electro-osmosis
c. Electro chemical reaction
d. Electrodialysis
Ans: a

33. The potential difference develop when particles settle under the influence of gravity is called
a. Streaming potential
b. Oxidation Potential
c. Reduction potential
d. Sedimentation potential
Ans: d

34. When distance between the particle are large, the particles experience attractive force and aggregates
are formed. This is known as
a. Primary minimum
b. Potential barrier
c. secondary minimum
d. Interparticle distance
Ans: c

35. According to schulze-Hardy rule, the precipitating power increases rapidly with the
a. Presence of valence or charge of the ions
b. Lowering the interfacial tension
c. Decreasing the freezing point
d. Elevationof boiling point
Ans: a
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36. When a beam of light is pass through a colloidal solution, the path of light gets illuminated. This
phenomenon is known as
a. Brownian movement
b. Diffusion
c. Tyndall effect
d. Donnan effect
Ans: c

37. The continuous collisions between the colloidal particles and molecules of dispersion medium
produce zigzag movement of colloidal particles which is known as
a. Brownian movement
b. Tyndall effect
c. Diffusion
d. Sedimentation
Ans: a

38. The protective ability of colloids is measured as

a. Zeta potential
b. Streaming potential
c. Gold number
d. None of the above
Ans. C

39. If the gold number is less then the protective action will be
a. more
b. Less
c. Half
d. Zero
Ans: a

40. In sol, the dispersed phase and dispersion medium are

a. Solid and liquis
b. Liquid and liquid
c. Solid and solid
d. Liquid and Gas
Ans: a

Prepared From Book – CVS

41. Homogenous phase (True solution) having size range of

a. 0.5 to 1.0 µm
b. <0.1 nm
c. >0.01 µm
d. <0.01 µm
Ans: d

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42. Heterogeneous phase (Coarse dispersion) having size range of …

a. 0.5 to 1.0 µm
b. 10 to 100 µm
c. 10 to 1000 µm
d. 1 to 10 µm
Ans: c

43. Solubility of Drug can be improved by…

a. Targeting drug to specific organ
b. Addition of emulsifying agent
c. Addition of thickening agent
d. Addition of Surface active agent
Ans: d

44. Targeting of drugs to specific organs can be achieved by

a. Liposomes
b. Emulsion
c. Syrup
d. Suspension
Ans: a

45. The following statement is appropriate for Molecular Dispersion

a. Diffusion rate is slow
b. Impermeable across semipermeable membrane
c. Does not scatter light
d. Particle size less than 1.0 µm
e. All of above
Ans: c

46. The following statement is NOT appropriate for Molecular dispersion

a. Shows tyndall effect
b. Does not scatter light
c. Diffusion rate is rapid
d. Does not settle on ultracentrifugation
Ans: a

47. The following statement is true for Colloidal dispersion

a. Diffusion rate is slow
b. Impermeable across semipermeable membrane
c. Shows tyndall effect
d. Settles on ultracentrifugation
e. All of above
f. None of above
Ans: e

48. In _____Colloids, dispersed particles have a greater affinity to the dispersion medium.
a. Lyophilic colloids
b. Lyophobic colloids
c. Association colloids
d. Molecular colloids
Ans: a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

49. Dispersion of rubber or polystyrene in benzene or ethyl methyl ketone is referred to as________
a. Hydrophilic colloids
b. Lyophilic colloids
c. Lyophobic colloids
d. Hydrophobic colloids
Ans: b

50. Lyophobic colloids can be prepared by

a. Chemical method
b. Peptization method
c. Electric arc method
d. Ultrasonic treatment
e. All of above
f. None of above
Ans: e

Nirali Prakashan

51. A .......... is a mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is
suspended through another substance.
(a) Suspension
(b) Colloid
(c) Emulsion
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

52. Few colloids are translucent because of the ..

(a) Tyndall effect
(b) Splitting effect
(c) Scattering
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

53. The comparatively fast sedimentation rate of the dispersed phase produced by means of gravity or
other forces this is characteristic of..............
(a) Colloidal dispersion
(b) Coarse dispersion
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans: b

54.The molecule in the molecular dispersion phase have size.............

(a) Less than 10 nm
(b) More than 1 nm
(c) Less than 1 nm
(d) More than 10 nm
Ans:c

55. The .......... colloids have strong attraction towards solvents.

(a) Lyophilic
(b) Lyophobic

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(c) Associated
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

56........... is the method accountable for the development of stable dispersion of colloidal particles in
dispersion medium.
(a) Coacervation
(b) Peptization
(c) Flocculation
(d) Coagulation
Ans: b

57. The phenomenon which involves separation of macromolecular solutions into two liquid layers is
called as.........
(a) Liquid separation
(b) Coagulation
(c) Flocculation
(d) Coacervation
Ans:d

58 …..is directly proportional to the molecular weight of lyophilic colloid.

(a) Solubility
(b) Turbidity
(c) Density
(d) None of the above
Ans:b

59………..is the movement of dispersion medium below the impact of an electric field in the condition
when the movement of colloidal particles is prohibited with the help of an appropriate membrane.
(a) Electrosmosis
(b) Osmosis
(c) Photosmosis
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

60………..is the method of combining negatively and positively charged hydrophilic colloids.
(a) Coacervation
(b) Peptization
(c) Flocculation
(d) Coagulation
Ans: a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Chapter 2: Rheology
CVS
1. Flocculated suspensions exhibit the flow of a type:
a. Dilatant
b. Newtonian
c. Plastic
d. Pseudoplastic
Ans: c

2. A limitation that is NOT related to the falling sphere viscometer:

a. Applicable to only less viscous liquids
b. Large volume of sample is required
c. Needs the sample to be transparent
d. Plug flow
Ans: d

3. In general, Newtonian fluids are expressed in terms of viscosity. A corresponding expression in non-
Newtonian fluids (in terms of viscosity) is:
a. apparent
b. dynamic
c. intrinsic
d. kinematic
Ans: a

4. One of the following is NOT a one point viscometer, but can be used for the same purpose. Pick the
viscometer of this type.
a. cup and bob
b. falling sphere
c. Ostwald
d. rolling ball
Ans: a

5. Fluidity is a term associated with newtoniam fluids. An equivalent term in plastic flow fluids is:
a. apparent viscosity
b. flexibility
c. mobility
d. plastic viscosity
Ans: c

6. Dilatant flow is characterized as a reverse phenomenon of:

a. newtoniam flow
b. plastic flow
c. pseudoplastic flow
d. rheopexy
Ans: c

7. Deflocculated suspension with high concentration of the dispersed solids exhibits the flow of type:
a. dilatant
b. newtoniam
c. plastic
d. pseudoplastic

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Ans: a
8. In antithixotropy, the down-curve is frequently positioned to: (with respect to up-curve):
a. left.
b. origin
c. right
d. superimposible
Ans: c

9. At equilibrium, the thixotropic behavior of a pseudoplastic system exhibit the state of:
a. gel
b. paste
c. sol
d. wax
Ans: c

10. Which one of the following physical Property is NOT a rheological property?
a. body and slip
b. spreadability
c. surface tension
d. viscosity
Ans: c

11. The pseudoplastic flow behavior can be explained by:

a. apparent viscosity
b. area of hysteresis loop
c. hysteresis loop
d. yield value
Ans: a

12. Brookfield viscometer is an example of type:

a. cone and plate
b. extrusion
c. rotation sphere
d. rotating spindle
Ans: d

13. High viscosity indicates one of the following relationships in a system. Which is relevant?
a. free from intermolecular interactions
b. intermolecular attractions are stronger
c. intermolecular attractions are weaker
d. shape of the molecules is spherical
Ans: b

14. An emulsion of o/w type has the viscosity:

a. greater than that of the internal phase
b. greater than that of the vehicle
c. less than that of the internal phase
d. less than that of the vehicle
Ans: a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

15. Creep testing is applied to analyse the viscoelastic property of:

a. emulsions
b. lotions
c. ointments
d. suspensions
Ans: c

16. The system that undergoes gel-to-sol transformation is known as:

a. elastic
b. permanent deformation
c. shear thickening
d. shear thinning
Ans: d

17. The type of viscosity specified in I.P. (Ostwald viscometer) is:

a. absolute viscosity
b. dynamic viscosity
c. kinematic viscosity
d. viscosity coefficient
Ans: c

18. After giving the i.m. injection of procaine penicillin G, the process of forming a depot in the muscle is
due to:
a. high yield value
b. low consistency
c. low yield value
d. rapid thixotropic recovery
Ans: d

19. Pick the reason for the calibration of an instrument.

a. most of the instruments are not reliable
b. to calculate the constant for the instrument
c. to calculate the relative property
d. to correct the errors in the working of an instrument
Ans: d

20. Plug flow in NOT observed in cone and plate viscometer. The reason is:
a. cleaning and filling of sample is easy
b. rate of shear is independent of the radius
c. shear can be maintained uniformly
d. temperature can be maintained uniformly
Ans: c

Pee Vee Publicaiton

21. The term rheology was invented by

a. Bingham and Crawford
b. Newton
c. Michaelis and Menten
d. Watson and Crick
Ans:a

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22. According to the Newton's law of viscosity, "The shear stress in flowing fluid is__________ to the
rate of shear."
a. Inversely proportional
b. directly proportional
c. Square root
d. Perpendicular
Ans: b

23. The unit of viscosity is

a. Newton sec m-2
b. Newton sec2 m2
c. Newton sec-1 m-1
d. Newton
Ans: a

24. Fluidity is
a. reciprocal of density
b. reciprocal of surface tension
c. reciprocal of volume
d. reciprocal of viscosity
Ans: d

25. Kinematic viscosity is the ratio of dynamic viscosity to the____________

a. density of the fluid
b. plastic viscosity
c. volume of liquid to flow
d. specific gravity of fluid
Ans: a

26. The effect of temperature on the viscosity (η) of a liquid is expressed by

a. Stoke's Law
b. Newton's law
c. Arrhenius equation
d. Michaelis Menten equation
Ans: c

27. The reciprocal of mobility is known as

a. Apparent viscosity
b. plastic viscosity
c. Dynamic viscosity
d. Kinematic viscosity
Ans:b

28. Pseudoplastic flow are also known as

a. shear thinning system
b. shear thickening system
c. Elastic deformation
d. Plastic deformation
Ans: a

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29. Dilatant flow is also known as

a. shear thinning system
b. shear thickening system
c. Elastic deformation
d. Plastic deformation
Ans:b

30. Negative Thixotropy is a phenomenon in which there is

a. increase in viscosity on down curve
b. increase in viscosity on up curve
c. decrease in viscosity on down curve
d. decrease in viscosity on up curve
Ans:a

31. Which of the following is not a viscometers

a. Capillary
b. Falling Sphere
c. Rotational
d. Drop weight
Ans:d

32. Which of the following viscometer is also called suspended-level viscometer

a. Ubbelohde viscometer
b. Capillary viscometer
c. Ostwald viscometer
d. Cone and plate viscometer
Ans:a

33. Pseudoplastic flow is generally exhibited by

a. Jellies
b. Suspension
c. Lotion
d. Colloids
Ans:a

34. Concentrated solid suspension generally exhibit

a. Dilatant flow
b. Pseudoplastic flow
c. Plastic flow
d. All of the above
Ans:c

35. Rheology is the

a. Science or study of the flow of a material.
b. Study of particle size
c. Study of formation of colloids
d. Study of formation of complex
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

36. The change in velocity between two planes of liquid which is separated by distance is called
a. Rate of shear
b. Shearing stress
c. Strain
d. Yield value
Ans:a

37. Which of the following viscometer is based on the principle of Stokes' Law.
a. Cup and Bob viscometer
b. Falling Sphere Viscometer
c. Cone and plate viscometer
d. Rotational viscometer
Ans:b

38. The resistance of a liquid to flow is termed as

a. Viscosity
b. Density
c. In ter facial tension
d. Surface tension
Ans:a

Nirali Prakashan

39. A shear stress-shear rate relationship is generally explained in the form of curve i.e. or………
(a) Rheogram
(b) Consistency curve
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

40. The cgs physical unit for kinematic viscosity is ...............

(a) Stokes (St)
(b) Pascale (PS)
(c) Newton
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

41. As the temperature increases, the viscosity of liquid...............

(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Sustainly increases
(d) Remains constant
Ans:a

42.The curve for a pseudo plastic material rheogram................

(a) starts at the origin
(b) starts at the top
(c) both of the above
(d) none of the above
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

43.In psedoplastic flow as shear stress increases, shear rate...............

(a) Increases
(b) Increases but linear
(c) Increases but not linear
(d) Decreases
Ans:c

44. Dilatant materials are frequently called as...............

(a) strain-thinning systems
(b) shear-thickening systems
(c) shear-thinning systems
(d) strain-thinning systems
Ans:b

45. The Rheogram of thixotropic material determined by...................

(a) Duration through which sample is exposed to any one shear rate.
(b) Rate at which shear increased or decreased.
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

46…....... is the isothermal and moderately slow recovery on standing of material of which stability lost
owing to shearing.
(a) Thermochemistry
(b) Viscosity
(c) Entiotropy
(d) Thixotropy
Ans:d

47.......is the alteration in the shape and the size of a body owing to applied external forces and internal
forces.
(a) Deformation
(b) Formation
(c) Conjugation
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

48…........is the deformation in term of relative displacement of the particles comprising the body.
(a) Strain
(b) Stress
(c) Shear
(d) State
Ans:a

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Deformation of Solid (Pee Vee Publication)

1. Progressive, permanent deformation under constant load is called

a. Creep
b. Plastic deformation
c. Elastic deformation
d. Fragmentation
Ans:a

2. The value of Poisson ratio ranges from

a. 0.1 to 0.5
b. 0.001 to 0.01
c. 1 to 5
d. 2 to 4
Ans:a

3. The ratio of stress to strain is called

a. Poisson ratio
b. Young modulus
c. Shear strain
d. Elastic modulus
Ans:d

4. The unit of Stress is

a. Nm b. Nm-2
c. Ns d. Ns-2
Ans:b

5. The unit of Strain is

a. N
b. Nm-2
c. Nm2
d. Dimensionles
Ans: d

6. The ratio of increase in length to original length of bar is called

a. Compressive strain
b. Shear strain
c. Tensile strain
d. Depressive strain
Ans:c

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Chapter 3: Coarse Dispersion: Suspension

CVS
1. A wetting agent is included in the formulation of a suspension, particularly when the suspended
particles:
a. are hydrophobic
b. are more denser than the vehicle
c. are water soluble
d. have lesser interfacial tension
Ans: a

2. For a flocculated suspension, one of the following criterion is satisfied or established

a. High inter-particle repulsions
b. strong inter-particle attractions
c. weak inter-particle attractions
d. weak inter-particle repulsions
Ans:c

3. In stokes’ relationship, a parameter that greatly changes the velocity of settling is:
a. density of the liquid
b. density of particle
c. radius of the particle
d. viscosity of the medium
Ans: c

4. The protamine-zinc insulin suspension is prepared by a method viz.,:

a. altered pH precipitation
b. dispersion method
c. double decomposition
d. organic solvent precipitation
Ans: a

5. Methyl cellulose is a polymer, which is of a type:

a. anionic
b. amphilytic
c. cationic
d. non-ionic
Ans:d

6. For a flocculated suspension the degree of flocculation is observed to be one. The sedimentation
volume is also 1 (one). These values, respectively, indicate the limits:
a. lower and lower
b. lower and upper
c. upper and lower
d. upper and upper
Ans:b

7. For an ideal suspension, the sedimentation volume should be:

a. equal to one
b. less than one
c. more than one
d. zero
Ans:a
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8. In case of suspensions, all statements below are true EXCEPT that:

a. it contains a suspending agent
b. it does not include a preservative
c. it is an injectable preparation
d. it is an oral preparation
Ans:b

9. In practice, an acceptable suspension should have particles:

a. of nearly 0.1 micrometer
b. which can be readily re-dispersible after they settle
c. which should form a cake after settling
d. should not settle
Ans:b

10. For oral administration of a suspension to a patient, which one of the factors is the most important?
a. acceptable color and odour
b. polyumorphism
c. specific surface area
d. viscosity
Ans:a

11. Which one of the following properties is applicable to suspensions?

a. Brownian movement
b. laminar flow
c. rapid rate of sedimentation
d. strokes’ law
Ans:c

12. Suspended particles become flocculated in a suspension, because:

a. attractive forces between particles are appreciable
b. particles are packed closely
c. repulsive forces between particles are appreciable
d. vehicle rejects the particles
Ans:a

13. Structured vehicle is included in the formulation of a suspension, in order to:

a. decrease the interfacial tension
b. prevent the caking of the sediment
c. prevent the sedimentation of particles
d. reduce the size by chemical means
Ans:c

14. In the preparation of a structured vehicle, which one of the following substances is used?
a. bismuth subnitrate
b. ethyl alcohol
c. glycerin
d. methyl cellulose
Ans:d

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15. Which type of colloidal material is used commonly in the preparation of a structured vehicle?
a. association
b. hydrophilic
c. hydrophobic
d. inorganic
Ans:b

16. When charcoal powder is dusted on the surface of water, the contact angle (in degrees) that the
charcoal exhibits is:
a. zero
b. one
c. 90
d. 180
Ans:d

17. A maximum sedimentation volume will be obtained when zeta potential is:
a. negative
b. neutral
c. positive
d. zero
Ans:d

18. A substance is dissolved in water. The suspension has exhibited a negative apparent zeta potential.
Identify the related substance.
a. aluminum chloride
b. bismuth subnitrate
c. gelatin
d. sulfaguanidine
Ans:d

19. Calcium hydrogen phosphate is dissolved in water. The apparent zeta potential initially is:
a. negative
b. neutral
c. positive
d. zero
Ans:a

20. Which one of these preparations is NOT qualified as a suspension.

a. barium meal for radiodiagnostic use
b. calamine lotion for antiseptic use
c. procaine penicillin G for intramuscular injection
d. vitamin B complex tonic as nutritional supplement
Ans:d

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Pee Vee Publication

21. The ratio of the ultimate volume of sediment to the actual volume of sediment before settling is called
a. Sedimentation volume
b. Degree of flocculation
c. Emulsification volume
d. phase volume ratio
Ans:a

22. The ratio of the sedimentation volume in case of flocculated suspension to the sedimentation volume
in case of deflocculated suspension is called
a. Sedimentation volume
b. Degree of flocculation
c. Emulsification volume
d. phase volume ratio
Ans:b

23. The size of dispersed particles in coarse dispersion ranges from

a. 1 µm to 100 µm.
b. 1 nm to l00nm
c. 1mm to 100cm
d. Less than 1 µm
Ans:a

24. Which of the following are the desired features of good suspension:
a) The particles which settle down should not deposit at the bottom as hard cake. They must be
easily re-suspended by moderate shaking.
b) It should be free from grittiness.
c) It should be stable in case of physical, chemical and microbial attack.
d) All of the above
Ans:d

25. In flocculated suspension, the rate of sedimentation is

a. Low
b. More
c. Zero
d. 50%
Ans:b

26. If zeta potential of a suspension is high, then the system will be considered as
a. Deflocculation
b. Flocculation
c. Emulsion
d. Sedimentation
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

27. Which of the following is/are the properties of flocculated suspension?

a. Rate of sedimentation is high
b. On shaking sediment can be easily redispersed
c. It does not form hard cake
d. All of the above
Ans:d

28. The value of sedimentation volume (F) gives a knowledge about the____________of the suspension
a. physical stability
b. Incompatibility
c. Solubility
d. All of the above
Ans:a

29. Suspension is example of

a. Biphasic liquid dosage form
b. Solid dosage form
c. Semi-solid dosage form
d. All of the above
Ans:a

30. Acetates and Citrates are

a. Buffering agent
b. Colouring agents
c. Thickening agent
d. Flocculating agents
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Chapter 3: Coarse Dispersion: Emulsion

CVS
1. In an emulsion, the velocity of sedimentation is found to be negative. It means that the creaming is:
A. absent
B. in both the directions
C. in downward direction
D. in upward direction
Ans:D

2. The density of the dispersed phase is more than that of the dispersion medium. According to the
Stokes' equation, the creaming is:
A. at the center of the emulsion
B. in both the directions
C. in downward direction
D. in upward direction
Ans:C

3. When oil and water are triturated together, the interfacial free energy was observed to be increased.
What does it indicate?:
A. decrease in the interfacial tension
B. decrease in the stability
C. increase in stability
D. stable film formation
Ans:B

4. For a stable emulsion, the phase volume ratio is generally about:

A. 26/74
B. 52/48
C. 74/26
D. 74/100
Ans:B

5. The HLB range of an emulsifier employed in the preparation of water-in-oil emulsion is:
A. 3 to 6
B. 7 to 12
C. 13 to 15
D. more than 15
Ans:A

6. In case of emulsions, the viscosity immediately after preparation and during storage, respectively, will
be:
A. higher and will gradually decrease
B. higher and gradually increase
C. lower and gradually decrease
D. lower and gradually increase
Ans:C
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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

7. The distribution of globules is not uniform in an emulsion. This stage is termed as:
A. breaking
B. caking
C. coalescence
D. creaming
Ans:D

8. An o/w microemulsion is prepared using a hydrophilic surfactant. The appearance of the

microemulsion is:
A. intense white
B. milky white
C. translucent
D. transparent
Ans:D

9. Emulsions are defined as thermodynamically unstable systems. The events that follow sequentially
towards instability are:
A. coalescence, breaking, creaming and flocculation
B. coalescence, flocculation, creaming and breaking
C. flocculation, creaming, breaking and coalescence
D. flocculation, creaming, coalescence and breaking
Ans:D

10. In the stability of emulsion, which instability step is prevented by emulsifiers?:

A. breaking
B. coalescence
C. creaming
D. flocculation
Ans:B

11. An ‘emulsion within emulsion’ is designated as:

A. o/w/w
B. w/o/o
C. w/o/o/w
D. w/o/w
Ans:D

12. The main function of an emulsifier in the preparation of an emulsion is to:

A. develop a condensed membrane layer film
B. increase the repulsions between globules coming together
C. increase the surface free energy
D. reduce the interfacial tension
Ans:A

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

13. An emulsifier can be regarded as superior, if its mechanism of action is based on the principle of:
A. developing solid adsorption film
B. forming monomolecular adsorption film
C. generating multimolecular adsorption film
D. increasing interfacial energy
Ans:B

14. An emulsifier is considered to be ideal, if it is soluble in:

A. aqueous, oil and gas phases
B. aqueous phase only
C. both aqueous and oil phase
D. oil phase only
Ans:C

15. On commercial scale, emulsions are prepared by::

A. centrifugation
B. dialysis
C. freezing
D. homogenization
Ans:D

16. Microemulsion is NOT considered to be a true emulsion, because:

A. appearance is transparent
B. emulsifier is not used
C. immiscible phase is absent
D. internal phase is not spherical
Ans:C

17. A variety of factors would influence the rate of creaming in an emulsion.

The factor open to formulation pharmacist is to regulate:
A. density of dispersion medium
B. density of dispersed phase
C. globule size
D. volume of dispersion medium
Ans:C

18. Normally preservatives are added to an emulsion. One of the following statements is true.
A. amount of the preservative added is below minimum inhibitory concentration
B. emulsifier should enhance the preservative action
C. preservatives remain in the aqueous phase
D. preservatives stay in the oil phase
Ans:C

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

19. For the formulation of w/o emulsion, the coalescence rate of:
A. w/o has no relationship to the type of emulsion formed
B. o/w is equal to w/o coalescence rate
C. o/w is greater than w/o coalescence rate
D. w/o is greater than the o/w coalescence rate
Ans:C

20. Auxiliary emulsifying agents are used to stabilize the emulsion. They act on the principle:
A. adjusting the HLB value
B. strengthening the nonpolar tails of the emulsifier ^
C. strengthening the polar heads of the emulsifier
D. thickening the continuous phase
Ans:D

From Online Quiz

21. Emulsion have a ......... shelf life

A. short
B. no
C. large
D. none of the above
Ans:A

22. Creaming is a.......... process

A. reversible
B. irreversible
C. A & B
D. difficult to predict
Ans:A

23. O/W emulsions normally cream .........

A. up first & down then
B. upward
C. downward
D. none of the above
Ans:B

24. Microemulsions contain globules of the size about .........

A. 10 micro meter
B. 1 micro meter
C. 0.1 micrometer
D. 0.01 micrometer
Ans:D

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

25. Downward creaming means ........ rate of sedimentation

A. negative
B. positive
C. same
D. no change
Ans:A

26. A mixture of span 20 and tween 20 forms....... type of emulsion

A. W/O
B. O/W
C. Milky
D. Hard
Ans:A

27. Density of oily phase increased by addition of .......

A. Butter
B. Coconut oil
C. water
D. brominated oils
Ans: C

28. Near CMC, micelles of the surfactant molecules assume the shape of
A. spherical
B. layered
C. rod shaped
D. cylindrical
Ans:A

29. Which one of the following emulsifier is used to stabilise the emulsion of W/O type
A. SLS
B. Span 20
C. Tween 20
D. Tragacanth
Ans:B

30. Creaming in emulsion can be controlled by regulating

A. density of dispersed phase
B. density of dispersion medium
C. globule size
D. volume of dispersion medium
Ans:C

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

31. An emulsifier is considered to be ideal, if it is soluble in

A. Aqueous phase
B. oily phase
C. A & B
D. none of the above
Ans:C
32. In the stability of emulsion, which important instability step should be prevented?
A. Breaking
B. Coalescence
C. Flocculation
D. Creaming
Ans:B

33. Emulsions made with tweens are

A. W/O
B. O/W
C. Clear
D. Unstable
Ans:B

34. The HLB system is used classify

A. Flavours
B. Colours
C. Surfactants
D. Perfumes
Ans:C

35. Emulsion containing more than two phases are called as

A. Mixed emulsion
B. Multiple emulsion
C. Complex emulsion
D. none of the above
Ans:B

36. Emulsion is
A. stable preparation
B. thermodynamically unstable preparation
C. biphasic system
D. B & C
Ans:D

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Pee Vee Publication

37. Which of the following is/ are the theories of emulsification?

a. Monomolecular adsorption theory
b. Multimolecular adsorption theory
c. Solid Particle Adsorption theory
d. All of the above
Ans:d

38. Which of the following is not the cause of Instability in emulsion

a. Upward Creaming
b. Phase inversion
c. Downward creaming
d. Mottling
Ans:d

39. Which of the following is a reversible phenomenon

a. Creaming
b. Coalescence
c. Breaking
d. All of the above
Ans:a

40. The phase inversion occur due to

a. changes in type of emulsifying agent
b. change in phase volume ratio.
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
Ans:c

41. Which of the following is used as antioxidants for emulsified systems

a. Dodecyl gallate,
b. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHT),
c. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
d. All of the above
Ans:d

42. Which of the following is identification test for emulsion

a. Dilution test
b. Cobalt Chloride Test
c. Conductivity Test
d. All of the above
Ans:d

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

43. When an emulsion is exposed to ultra-violet radiations. If the continuous fluorescence is observed
under microscope, then it is_____________ type emulsion.
a. w/o
b. o/w
c. microemulsion
d. Nano emulsion
Ans:a

44. Dry Gum Method is also known as

a. Continental method.
b. English method
c. Bottle method
d. Forbe's method
Ans:a

45. In Dry gum method, 4:2:1 consist of

a. 4 parts oil, 2 parts water, and 1 part emulsifier
b. 4 parts water, 2 parts oil, and 1 part emulsifier
c. 4 parts emulsifier, 2 parts water, and 1 part emulsifier
d. 4 parts oil, 2 parts emulsifier and 1 part water
Ans:a

46. The rheological property of emulsion can be controlled by

a. nature and concentration of emulsifying system
b. particle size of dispersed phase
c. viscosity of continuous phase
d. All of the above
Ans:d

Nirali Publication
47. The suspensions having particle size................... are categorized as coarse suspension.
(a) Greater than ~1 mm
(b) Greater than-10 mm
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

48............. exists when dispersed solid particles in a suspension retain change in relation their adjoining
liquid medium.
(a) Surface area
(b) Surface potential
(c) Surface volume
(d) None of the above
Ans:b

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

49. The equal distribution of all the ions in solution retain by……
(a) Electric forces
(b) Thermal motion
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:C

50.The flocculated suspension is one in which zeta potential of particle is…… .

(a) -05 to +05 mV
(b) -10 to+10 mV
(c) -20 to+20 mV
(d) -30 to+30 mV
Ans:c

51....... determines the movement of charged particles via a liquid under the impact of an
applied potential difference.
(a) Electrophoresis
(b) Electrosmosis
(c) Surface charge
(d) Static movement
Ans:a

52...........is produced by forcing a liquid to course through a stationary solid phase.

(a) Electrosmosis
(b) Electrophoresis
(c) The sediment potential
(d) The streaming potential
Ans:d

53. The flocculated suspensions sediment.............

(a) Slowly
(b) Quickly
(c) More quickly
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

54...........suspension involves individual particle settling.

(a) Flocculated
(b) Deflocculated
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:b

55. Structured vehicles are also termed as or..............

(a) Thickening
(b) Suspending agents
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:C

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

56........ is the concentration of globules at the top or bottom of the emulsion.

(a) Creaming
(b) Cracking
(c) Phase inversion
(d) State
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Chapter 4: Micromeritics
CVS
1. One micrometer is equal to:
a. 10-6 centimeter
b. 10-3 centimeter
c. 10-6 meter
d. 10-3 meter
Ans:c

2. Which of the following properties of a particle significantly affects the physical, chemical and
biological properties of the drug?
a. density
b. sedimentation
c. size
d. surface area
Ans:d

3. It is difficult to express the size of particles in a meaningful diameter.

a. irregular in shape
b. irregular surface
c. spherical shape
d. uniform in size
Ans:a

4. The type of a particle diameter obtained largely depends on:

a. method by which it is determined
b. nature of the powder
c. procedure by which it is calculated
d. way it is defined and described
Ans:a

5. When cumulative percent frequency on a probability scale is plotted against logarithm of the particle
size, 50 percent on the probability scale gives the powder particle diameter of:
a. arithmetic mean
b. arithmetic mode
c. geometric mean
d. harmonic mean
Ans:c

6. Which one of these distributions is more important in the design of dosage forms?
a. Gaussian
b. normal
c. number
d. weight
Ans:d

7. In the formulation development of emulsions and suspensions, what type of diameter is important?
a. length number b. projected
c. sieve d. stokes
Ans:d

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8. Sieving method is used for size distribution analysis of powder. The disadvantage of this method is:
a. agglomerates can be identified
b. attrition of powder is possible
c. large number of sieves are required
d. tedious and time consuming
Ans:b

9. While using sedimentation method for size analysis, addition of a deflocculating agent to a suspension
is necessary in order to:
a. accelerate the process of sedimentation
b. make the particles spherical
c. prevent the aggregation
d. satisfy Reynolds number
Ans:c

10. Stokes’ law cannot be used, if Reynolds number is more than:

a. 0.2
b. 1.8
c. 9.0
d. 18.0
Ans:a

11. Andreasen apparatus consists of:

a. balance
b. electrodes
c. hydrometer
d. pipette
Ans:c

12. When coulter-counter apparatus is employed for powder analysis, the following criterion is important:
a. dispersion medium should be colored
b. dispersion medium should be conducting
c. suspended particles should be charged
d. suspended particles should be spherical
Ans:b

13. In coulter-counter, as the particles travel through the orifice, the event that occurs is:
a. conductance between the electrodes increases
b. electronic scanners produce photographs for volume measurement
c. resistance between the electrodes increases
d. sedimentation increases
Ans:c

14. Fisher subsieve sizer is used to determine the surface area of the powder. The surface area is
measured based on the change in:
a. light transmission of gas that reaches the detector
b. pressure across the compacted powder
c. thermal conductivity of gas across the powdered pack
d. weight of powder when air is passed through the powdered pack
Ans:d

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15. High repose angle of the granules indicated:

a. bulk density of the granules
b. porosity of the granules
c. roughness of the granule surface
d. smoothness of the granule surface
Ans:c

16. The true density of talc is 2.7 g/cc, the bulk density (g/cc) of talc will be:
a. equal to 2.7
b. greater than 2.7
c. less than 2.7
d. unrelated
Ans:c

17. The angle of repose values are utilized to:

a. measure the movement of granules from hopper to the table of tabletting/capsule machine
b. select proper containers for capsules of a given mass of powders
c. study the absorption of drugs
d. understand dissolution of medicament
Ans: a

18. The term ‘light’ as applied to pharmaceutical powders means:

a. low bulk density
b. low granule density
c. low true density
d. slightly coloured
Ans:b

19. The type of particle diameter that is obtained by microscope method of evaluation is:
a. projected
b. stokes’
c. volume
d. volume-surface
Ans:a

20. Porosity of a porous powder is defined as:

a. bulk volume/void volume
b. void volume/bulk volume
c. void volume/true volume
d. true volume/bulk volume
Ans:b

Pee Vee Publication

21. Which equation is used to convert number distribution to weight distribution

a. Noyes whitney equation
b. Hatch Choate equation
c. Henderson Hasselbalch equation
d. Higuchi equation
Ans:b

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

22. Coulter counter is used to determine

a. Particle volume
b. Particle Number
c. Particle interaction
d. Viscosity
Ans:a

23. The ratio of void volume to bulk volume is known as

a. Bulk density
b. Tapped density
c. Porosity
d. Granule volume
Ans:a

24. If Carr's compressibility index value is in between 26 to 31, then flow will be
a. Poor
b. Excellent
c. Passable
d. Very, very poor
Ans:a

25. Hausner Ratio is

a. Tapped density / Bulk density
b. Bulk density / Tapped density
c. bulk volume / void volume
d. void volume / bulk volume
Ans:a

26. The powder having low bulk density or large bulk volume is known as
a. Light powder
b. Heavy powder
c. Bulk powder
d. Granular powder
Ans:a

27. The term Micromeritics was given by

a. J.M. Dalla Valle
b. James Kelvin
c. William Procter
d. Mahadeva Lai Schroff
Ans:a

28. Andreasen pipette is widely used method to determine particle size distribution by
a. Microscopy method
b. sedimentation method
c. Sieving method
d. All of the above
Ans:b

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29. Porosity is expressed in

a. Percentage
b. Millimeter
c. Gram/Millimeter
d. Newton
Ans:a

30. Helium Pycnometer is used to determine

a. Size
b. True density
c. Sedimentation rate
d. Surface area
Ans:b

31. The porosity of powder is equal to

a. Ratio of void volume to bulk volume.
b. Sum of void volume to bulk volume
c. Product of void volume to bulk volume
d. Void volume only
Ans:a

32. The distance between two tangents on opposite sides of the particle parallel to some fixed direction.
a. Feret's diameter
b. Martin diameter
c. Projected diameter
d. Stoke's diameter
Ans:a

33. Andreason apparatus consist of

a. Reference electrode
b. Pipette
c. Glass electrode
d. Hydrogen electrode
Ans:b

34. For a sphere, value of αs/αv equals to

a. 6
c.9
b.1.8
d.18
Ans:a

Nirali Prakashan

35. The physical, chemical, and pharmacologic properties of a drug are directly affected by……
(a) Size
(b) Surface area
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

36.............is the science and technology of small particles.

(a) Micromeritics
(b) Microscopy
(c) Rheology
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

37. The unit of particle size used is in…………

(a) Kilometer (km)
(b) Centimeter (Cm)
(c) Millimeter (mm)
(d) Micrometer (µm)
Ans:d

38. 1 micrometer (µm) is equal to

(a) 10-5 m
(b) 10-6 m
(c) 10-7 m
(d) 10-8 m
Ans:b

39. Particle size with diameter of 0.5-1.0 Micrometers (µm) is useful for……..
(a) Emulsions
(b) Suspensions
(c) Both of the above
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

40. The size of a sphere is freely stated in terms of its.............

(a) Area
(b) Diameter
(c) Radius
(d) Volume
Ans:b

41 …...is the diameter of a sphere having, the same observed area as the particle when viewed normal to
its most stable plane.
(a) The surface diameter (ds)
(b) The projected diameter (dp)
(c) The volume diameter (dv)
(d) The Stokes diameter (dst)
Ans:b

42 .... is the number of particles per unit weight.

(a) Particle volume
(b) Particle number
(c) Particle mean
(d) Particle weight
Ans:b

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

43 …....technique is utilized for estimation of surface diameter ds.

(a) Air permeability
(b) Vacuum
(c) Filtration
(d) Weighing
Ans:a

44. The ratio of the void volume to the bulk volume of the packing is called as the....................
(a) Tap density
(b) Bulk density
(c) Followability
(d) Porosity
Ans:d

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Chapter 5: Drug Stability – Chemical Kinetics

CVS
1. A graph is plotted by taking time on x axis and concentration of reactant on y axis for a reaction
following a pseudo first order. The pattern of the
graph is:
A. curve
B. hyperbola
C. parabola
D. straight line
Ans:A

2. In the photochemical degradation of multisulpha preparation, the order that the reaction follows is:
A. first
B. pseudo first
C. second
D. zero
Ans:D

3. The integral rate equation for a reaction (in common notation) is written as log C = log Co - (kt/2.303).
When a graph is drawn log c vs. t, the slope will be:
A. negative
B. one
C. Positive
D. Zero
Ans:A

4. The integral equation (in common notation) k = x/at (a - x) is concerned with the order:
A. first
B. pseudo first
C. second
D. zero
Ans:C

5. When a series of steps are involved in a reaction, the ‘overall rate’ of a reaction depends upon the
rate(s) of:
A. all steps
B. all steps which follow the slowest step
C. all steps which precede the slowest step
D. the slowest step
Ans:C

6. The solid state decomposition of aspirin in presence of moisture follows the order:
A. first
B. pseudofirst
C. second
D. zero
Ans:D

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

7. The reaction rate constant (k) is 2.0 x 10-3 min.-1 for aspirin hydrolysis in 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at
1mg/ml concentration. Under same conditions, if the product contains aspirin 4 mg/ml of the initial
concentration, the k value in minutes-1 will be:
A. 0.5 x l0-3
B. 2.0 x 10-3
C. 4.0 x 10-3
D. 8.0 x 10-3
Ans:B

8. A second order reaction follows pseudo-first order reaction, when the concentrations of:
A. two reactants are high
B. two reactants are low
C. one reactant is far higher than the other reactant.
D. two reactants are equal
Ans:C

9. In the study of the rate of a reaction, 100 ml of 0.1 N hydrochloric acid is added to 10 ml methyl
acetate for the reaction to occur. The reason for making such a proportion is to make:
A. analysis of degradation is easy
B. reaction to follow first order
C. reaction to proceed slowly
D. reaction to undergo a pseudo first order
Ans:D

10. The conversion of trans-stilbene to cis-stilbene follows the molecularity:

A. bimolecular
B. termolecular
C. unimolecular
D. zeromolccular
Ans:C

11. In the hydrolysis of sucrose in hydrochloric acid solution, the change in the optical rotation follows
the order:
A. pseudofirst
B. pseudo zero
C. second
D. zero
Ans:A

12. In the degradation studies of aspirin suspension, the orders observed initially and at the end,
respectively, are: -
A. first, second
B. first, zero
C. second, first
D. zero, first
Ans:D

13. A prescription of liquid aspirin preparation contained 6.5 g/100 ml. The solubility of aspirin at 25°C
is 0.33 g/100 ml. The order of reaction in the kinetic study is:
A. apparent first B. apparent zero
C. first D. second
Ans:B
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14. The time required for the complete degradation of a drug in solution is a finite value. The order of
that reaction is:
A. first
B. pseudo first
C. second
D. zero
Ans:D

15. Normally, ethyl acetate undergoes hydrolysis in presence of H+ and (OH)- ions. The order of the
reaction observed in the acidic and alkaline solutions, respectively, are:
A. first and second
B. pseudo first and second
C. second and first
D. second and pseudo first
Ans:B

16. In reactions that follow first order kinetics, half life is expressed by equation:
A. 0.693/k1
B. 0.301/k1
C. 0.105/k1
D. k1/0.693
Ans:A

17. The units for the specific rate constant for a second order reaction are:
A. liter/moles.sec
B. liter.sec/moles
C. moles/liter.sec
D. moles.sec/liter
Ans:A

18 The half life of a first order reaction is 4 years. What is its shelf life (in years)?
A. 0.02
B. 0.03
C. 0.17
D. 0.61
Ans:D

19. The general rate expression for a first order reaction (in common notation) is.
A. dc/dt = -kC
2.303 𝑐
B. 𝑘 = 𝑡 log 𝑐0
𝑡
1 𝑥
C. 𝑘 = 𝑎𝑡 (𝑎−𝑥)
D. dc/dt = k
Ans:A

20. Which one of the following dosage forms exhibit faster rate of reaction under normal conditions?
A. emulsions
B. ointments
C. solutions
D. suspensions
Ans:C

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

21. In chemical kinetics, the rate of a reaction is expressed as (-dc/dt), where dc refers to the
concentration. Whose concentration does it refer to?
A. catalyst
B. product
C. reactant
D. solvent medium
Ans:C

22. Which one of the following can be designated as the molecularity of a reaction?
A. half
B. one
C. one and half
D. zero
Ans:B

23. Which one of them is refered as a general rate equation (-dc/dt) for a second order?
A. A°B°
B. A1B1
C. A1B2
D. A2B2
Ans:B

24. Which-one of the following orders have abundant applications in biological processes?
A. first
B. second
C. third
D. zero
Ans:A

25. In a chemical reaction, the rate constant is independent of the initial concentration. Which one of
them is the order?
A. first
B. second
C. third
D. zero
Ans:D

Pee Vee Publication

26. Chemical kinetics is the study of the

a. rate of chemical reactions
b. particle size
c. rheological property
d. interfacial tension
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

27. Rate of reaction is the

a. number of reactant molecules or atoms that take part in chemical reactions to give the products.
b. sum of exponents or powers of concentration terms in the rate equation
c. time required for reactant concentration to decrease to 90% of the initial concentration.
d. speed at which chemical reaction takes place
Ans:d

28. When rate is independent of the reactant concentration, then it is called

a. zero order reaction.
b. Pseudo zero order reaction
c. First order reaction
d. Second order reaction
Ans:a

29. In the equation, Rate = k[C]c[D]d, the order of the above reaction is
a. k
b. C + D
c. [C] *[D]
d. c + d
Ans:d

30. Which of the following is the half life of zero order reaction
a. t1/2 = Ao/2k
b. t1/2 = 0.693/2k
c. t1/2 = Ao/2
d. t1/2 = 2k/ Ao
Ans:a

31. The unit of k for zero order reaction is

a. moles/litre/second
b. moles
c. moles/second
d. moles/litre
Ans:a

32. Which of the following is the half life of first order reaction
a. t1/2 = A0/2k
b. t1/2 = 0.693/2k
c. t1/2 = 2k
d. t1/2 = 0.693/k
Ans:d

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33. The unit of rate constant for second order reaction is

a. litre.mole-2sec-2
b. litre.mole-2sec-1
c. litre
d. litre.mole-1sec-1
Ans:d

34. Which of the following method/s used for determination of order of reaction?
a. Graphic method
b. Substitution method
c. Half life method
d. All of the above -
Ans:d

35. The value of t1/2 for second order reaction is

a. 1/ak b. 0.693/k
c. Ao/2k d. Ao/2
Ans:a

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Chapter 5: Drug Stability

CVS
1. The accelerated stability studies are primarily used to determine:
A. energy of the activation of the reaction
B. k value at elevated temperatures
C. k value at the room temperature
D. shelf life of the product
Ans:D

2. The specific rate constant (k) determined for aspirin hydrolysis in pH 1.0 buffer at 1 mg/ml
concentration is 2.0x10-3 min-1 at 25°C. The shelf life of the product is (in minutes):
A. 2.0
B. 52
C. 104
D. 346
Ans:B

3. Identify the equation that is NOT of Arrhenius:

−𝐸𝑎
A. ln 𝑘 = + ln 𝐴
2.303𝑅𝑇
−𝐸𝑎
B. ln 𝑘 = + ln 𝐴
𝑅𝑇
−𝐸𝑎
C. log 𝑘 = + log 𝐴
2.303𝑅𝑇

D. k = A𝑒 −𝐸𝑎/𝑅𝑇
Ans:A

4. In general, reaction rate constants in neutral pH are comparatively:

A. equal
B. higher
C. lower
D. zero
Ans:C

5. The expiry date for a tablet is not mentioned on the label. It means that the expiry time in years is:
A. five years
B. nil
C. three years
D. two years
Ans:A

6. Penicillin G is prepared as a salt of procaine penicillin G. Now the rate of decomposition of penicillin
G will be:
A. increased
B. reduced
C. unchanged
D. unpredictable
Ans:B

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

7. According to International Pharmaceutical Federation, the recommended overages be limited to the

maximum percent of:
A. five
B. ten
C. thirty
D. twenty
Ans:C

8. Usually, the rate of a chemical reaction may be enhanced by:

A. cooling the reaction mixture
B. increasing the rate of stirring
C. raising the temperature of the reaction mixture
D. using stoichiometric quantities of each reactant
Ans:C

9. Which of the following expression is correct for the determination of shelf life for a first order
decomposition?
A. t1/2 = 0.105/k
B. t90 = 0.693/k
C. t1/2 = 0.693/k
D. t90 = 0.105/k
Ans:D

10. Regarding the influence of the solvent on the rate of reaction, solvents having the internal pressure:
A. HIGHER produce products with HIGHER internal pressure
B. HIGHER favour the formation of products having LOWER internal pressure
C. LOWER yield products having HIGHER internal pressure
D. LOWER retard the formation of products with LOWER internal pressure
Ans:A

11. During autoclaving of dextrose solution, a straw colour is observed. It is due to the presence of a
substance called:
A. furfural
B. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
C. 5-hydroxyfurfural
D. 5-methylfurfural
Ans:B

12. In injections, procaine undergoes the degradation reactions in the following sequence:
A. decarboxylation and hydrolysis
B. hydrolysis and decarboxylation
C. hydrolysis, decarboxylation and oxidation
D. oxidation, decarboxylation and hydrolysis
Ans:B

13. On a product, the label states ‘protect from light’. What type of decomposition does the product
undergo?
A. carboxylation
B. decarboxylation
C. hydrolysis
D. oxidation

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 PHYSICAL PHARMACEUTICS II (BP403TP)

Ans:D

14. Which of the following reactions is observed in the degradation of ampicillin?

A. decarboxylation
B. hydrolysis
C. oxidation
D. recimization
Ans:B

15. Aspirin undergoes decomposition in a formulation. It can be prevented by:

A. adding a chelating agent
B. adding an antioxidant
C. protecting it from light
D. suppressing its solubility
Ans:D

16. Which one of the following is primarily NOT a chemical decomposition?

A. isomerisation
B. hydrolysis
C. oxidation
D. volatilization
Ans:D

17. For the validity of accelerated stability studies of solution dosage form, the energy of activation
should be in the range of (in units of kcal/mole).
A. 0 to 10
B. 11 to 30
C. 31 to 50
D. 51 to 70
Ans:B

18. Which one of these methods is the MOST effective in preventing the rate of hydrolysis?
A. buffer
B. complexation
C. removal of water
D. suppression of solubility
Ans:C

19. During storage, crystal growth is observed in a suspension due to:

A. absorption of water
B. fluctuations in the ambient temperatures
C. presence of suspending agent
D. volatilization of solids
Ans:B

20. The storage directions on a parenteral solution specify ‘store in a cool place’. This may be stored in:
A. an air-conditioned area at 10°C
B. a refrigerator at 15°C
C. a place whose temperature is set at 5°C
D. room temperature, at 25°C
Ans:B

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Pee Vee Publication

21. which of the following is cause of physical degradation of drug?

a. volatilisation of components during storage
b. Changes from one state to another
c. Change in colour
d. All of the above
Ans:d

22. Which of the following factors affect the rate of reaction?

a. Temperature
b. Catalysis
c. Dielectric constant
d. All of the above
Ans:d

23. The effect of temperature on rate of reaction is explained by

a. Arrhenius equation
b. Nernst equation
c. Noyes Whitney equation
d. Fick's first law
Ans:a

24. The unit of activation energy is

a. kJ/mol
b. J
c. N/m
d. mm
Ans:a

25. The dielectric constant is used to measure

a. Viscosity of solvent
b. polarity of the solvent
c. temperature of solvent
d. flowability of solvent
Ans:b

26. Accelerated stability testing is done to

a. predict shelf of the formulation
b. Predict dissociation constant
c. Predict diffusion constant
d. Determine activation energy
Ans:a

27. ICH stands for

a. Indian council on harmonisation
b. International Conference On Harmonisation
c. Inter Cranial Healer
d. None of the above
Ans:b

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28. Stability Data for Climatic zone III & IV comes under___________ICH guideline
a. Q1C
b. Q1E
c. Q1F
d. Q1D
Ans:c

29. Climatic zone II is

a. Moderate climate
b. Subtropical and Mediterranean climate
c. Hot/dry climate
d. Hot/humid climate
Ans:b

30. Stability testing is done

a. to determine shelf life of product
b. to determine the components used for packaging
c. to get information at preformulation stage
d. All of the above
Ans:d

Nirali Prakashan

31............ is the time necessary for the concentration of the reactant to decrease to 90% of its original
concentration.
(a) Product life
(b) Shelf life
(c) Half life
(d) None of the above
Ans:b

32. Generally, Stability testing is employed for...........

(a) Delivering evidences of the change in quality of the drug product with time.
(b) Confirming shelf life for the drug product.
(c) Determining container closure system suitability.
(d) All of the above
Ans:d

33. A zero-order reaction is a reaction having rate of concentration of reactant.

(a) Dependent
(b) Partially dependent
(c) Independent
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

34. In a second-order reaction, the sum of the exponents in the rate law is equal to...............
(a) Zero
(b) One
(c) Two
(d) Three
Ans:c

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35...........technique is utilized only during determination of order of reaction, when the rate law involved
by only single concentration term.
(a) The concentration
(b) The half of the concentration
(c) The square of the concentration
(d) None of the above
Ans:c

36 ...........technique is utilized only when the rate law involved by only single concentration term for
determination of order of reaction.
(a) Half Life Method
(b) Graphical Method
(c) Initial Rate Method
(d) Van't Hoff Differential Method
Ans:a

37 ......... technique is utilized in presence single reactant for determination of order of reaction.
(a) Half Life Method
(b) Graphical Method
(c) Initial Rate Method
(d) Van't Hoff Differential Method
Ans:b

38. In exothermic Reaction, if we increase the temperature in the exothermic reaction the rate of reaction
will.........
(a) Increases
(b) Decrease
(c) Remains constant
(d) None of the above
Ans:b

39. If ions of similar charges involve in reaction it will............rate of reaction.

(a) Increases
(b) Decreases
(c) Remains constant
(d) None of the above
Ans:b

40. The drug molecule is degradate by exposure of light it affects substantial degradation of drug
molecule this phenomenon is known as...........
(a) Photolytic degradation
(b) Chemical degradation
(c) Physical degradation
(d) None of the above
Ans:a

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