Scribd
Upload
28 views9 pages

EM

The document discusses how varying the frequency applied to an induction motor affects its speed and operation. It describes how the speed of an induction motor is directly proportional to the applied electrical frequency. It also explains that the voltage applied to the stator of the motor must be decreased along with frequency to avoid excess magnetization currents when operating below the base speed.

Uploaded by

Nasir Abbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
28 views9 pages

EM

The document discusses how varying the frequency applied to an induction motor affects its speed and operation. It describes how the speed of an induction motor is directly proportional to the applied electrical frequency. It also explains that the voltage applied to the stator of the motor must be decreased along with frequency to avoid excess magnetization currents when operating below the base speed.

Uploaded by

Nasir Abbas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

If the electrical frequency applied to the stator of the induction

motor is changed the rate of rotation of its magnetic fields nsync


will change in direct proportion to the change in electrical
frequency, and the no load point of the torque-speed
characteristic curve will change with it. The synchronous speed of
the motor at rated conditions is known as base speed . By using
variable frequency control, it is possible to adjust the speed of
the motor either above or below base speed. A properly designed
variable-frequency induction motor drive can be very flexible. It
can control the speed of the induction motor over a range from
as little as 5 percent of base speed up to about twice base speed.
However, it is important to maintain certain voltage and torque
limits on the motor as the frequency is varied, to ensure safe
operation.
When running at speeds below the base speed of the motor, it is
necessary to reduce the terminal voltage applied to the stator for
proper operation. The terminal voltage applied to the stator should
be decreased linearly with decreasing stator frequency. This process
is caned derating. If it is not done, the steel in the core of the
induction motor will saturate and excessive magnetization currents
will flow in the machine.
The flux in the core of an induction motor can be found from
Faraday's law:
𝑑Ø
v(t) = -N 𝑑𝑡
If a voltage v(t) =VM sin ωt is applied to the core, the resulting flux is
1
Ø(t)=𝑁𝑝 𝑣 𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑉𝑚
=- ω𝑁𝑝
cos 𝑤𝑡
Note that the electrical frequency appears in the denominator of
this expression. Therefore, if the electrical frequency applied to
the stator decreases by 10 percent while the magnitude of the
voltage applied to the stator remains constant, the flux in the
core of the motor will increase by about 10 percent and the
magnetization current of the motor will increase. In the
unsaturated region of the motor's magnetization curve, the
increase in magnetization current will also be about 10 percent.
However, in the saturated region of the motor's magnetization
curve, a 10 percent increase in flux requires a much larger
increase in magnetization current. Induction motors are
normally designed to operate near the saturation point on their
magnetization curves, so the increase in flux due to a decrease
in frequency will cause excessive magnetization currents to flow
in the motor.
To avoid excessive magnetization currents, it is customary to decrease
the applied stator voltage in direct proportion to the decrease in
frequency whenever the frequency [ails below the rated frequency of
the motor. Since the applied voltage v appears in the numerator of
equation and the frequency w appears in the denominator of equation,
the two effects counteract each other, and the magnetization current is
unaffected.

𝑉𝑚
Ø(t)= - cos 𝑤𝑡
ω𝑁𝑝
When the electrical frequency applied to the motor exceeds the rated
frequency of the motor, the stator voltage is held constant at the rated
value. Although saturation considerations would permit the voltage to
be raised above the rated value under these circumstances, it is limited
to the rated voltage to protect the winding insulation of the motor. The
higher the electrical frequency above base speed, the larger the
denominator of equation becomes. Since the numerator term is held
constant above rated frequency, the resulting flux in the machine
decreases and the maximum torque decreases with it.
The device used to change the line frequency of a motor is Variable
Frequency Drive (VFD). It is a type of motor controller that drives an
electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage supplied to the
electric motor. Other names for a VFD are variable speed drive,
adjustable speed drive, adjustable frequency drive, AC drive,
microdrive, and inverter
This drive is very flexible: its input power can be either single-phase
or three-phase, either 50 or 60 Hz, and anywhere from 208 to 230
V. The output from this drive is a three-phase set of voltages whose
frequency can be varied from 0 up to 120 Hz and whose voltage can
be varied from 0 V up to the rated voltage of the motor.
So by using VFD , we can change the frequency and voltage
coincidently and simultaneously according to our need.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy