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Microclimate: Site Planning ART - 436

Microclimate is the climate near the ground that is affected by local conditions. Vegetation like trees and shrubs can improve microclimate by providing shade and changing wind patterns. Planting vegetation can help conserve energy in buildings by shading, creating green roofs and walls, blocking winds, and reducing heat gain. Water features also have a positive impact by providing natural cooling through evaporation and reducing temperatures compared to surrounding urban areas. Site layout, landforms, and thoughtful landscaping can maximize these microclimate benefits.

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Aarushi Barnwal
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206 views21 pages

Microclimate: Site Planning ART - 436

Microclimate is the climate near the ground that is affected by local conditions. Vegetation like trees and shrubs can improve microclimate by providing shade and changing wind patterns. Planting vegetation can help conserve energy in buildings by shading, creating green roofs and walls, blocking winds, and reducing heat gain. Water features also have a positive impact by providing natural cooling through evaporation and reducing temperatures compared to surrounding urban areas. Site layout, landforms, and thoughtful landscaping can maximize these microclimate benefits.

Uploaded by

Aarushi Barnwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MICROCLIMATE

Site Planning ART - 436


MICROCLIMATE

• A microclimate is a local set of atmospheric conditions that differ from those in


the surrounding areas.
• Microclimatic conditions depend on such factors as temperature, humidity,
wind and turbulence, dew, frost, heat balance, and evaporation.
• Siting and Site layout followed by landscaping can improve the microclimate
around a building, taking advantage of existing topographical features,
adjacent buildings and vegetation.
IMPACTS OF VEGETATION

Trees and shrubs create different air flow patterns, provide


shading and keep the surroundings cooler in warm weather.
Vegetation can be used for energy conservation in buildings in
the following ways:
⪢ Shading of buildings and open spaces through landscaping
⪢ Roof gardens (or green roofs)
⪢ Shading of vertical and horizontal surfaces (green walls)
⪢ Buffer against cold and hot winds
⪢ Changing direction of wind
⪢ Slows velocity of soil run off

3
ENERGY AND COST SAVING

Vegetation reduces the heat The effect of shading on the


gain in the surroundings of the walls reduces the heat gain in
buildings by shading the the building thereby enhancing
ground, parking lots, comfort and reducing energy
pavements. use.

Reduce urban heat island effect. Heat islands


contribute to higher daytime temperatures, reduced
nighttime cooling, and higher air-pollution levels.
WIND FLOW BEHAVIOUR W.R.T.VEGETATION

OBSTRUCTION FILTERATION GUIDANCE

WINDBREAK FORESTED TO A
MEADOW AREA
INDIAN TREES SUITABLE FOR SHADING
AND AS WINDBREAKERS

SHADING WINDBREAKERS

⪢ Sheesham ⪢ Tamarind
⪢ Neem ⪢ Indian
⪢ Kanak Champa Rosewood
⪢ Jacaranda ⪢ Indian Siris
⪢ Gul Mohar Indian Beech
⪢ Baheda ⪢ Black Plum
⪢ Arjun
Plantation for Evergreen trees spaced
funnelling wind to at a distance for shading
the building east facing walls

Deciduous trees
that can provide
Trees should be at solar access
distance from the during winter
north facing side to along with deep Shrubs trap more heat amongst their
allow daylight verandas on branches than trees do because the
south side
Evergreen, closely spaced
wind cannot flow between the tightly
trees and shrubs for packed branches of a shrub.
shading west facing walls

Deciduous trees allow sun penetration


Creepers are flexible shading devices for shading verandas and in winter and blocks and access during
interior spaces as per the season. the summer
IMPACTS OF LANDFORMS
Landform is a natural or artificial feature of the solid
surface of the Earth.
Landforms together make up a terrain, and their
arrangement in the landscape is known as
topography.
There are four major types of landforms:
⪢ Mountains
⪢ Hills
⪢ Plateaus
⪢ Plains
TYPES OF LANDFORMS

MOUNTAINS HILLS

PLATEAUS PLAINS
The landform of an area affects the temperature, wind and water there.

Mountains and hills experience more variation in their microclimate.

Slope facing the sun implies higher temperature.

The windward side experiences rainfall and snow, whereas


Plains experience little variations in its microclimate.
leeward side experiences drier, hotter conditions.
IMPACTS OF WATER FEATURES -

Water features in a site has a positive effect


on the microclimate by providing natural
cooling from evaporative process.
Noted to be the best absorbers of radiation,
but on the other hand, they exhibit very
little thermal response.
It is capable of being lower than the
surrounding urban environment around 2
- 6 °C.
Water features
can help
reducing the
UHI (Urban
Heat Island)
effect.

It is beneficial to adjust
Most efficient ways of passive cooling for building and temperature and
urban spaces. humidity in micro-climate.
WATER FEATURE FORMS -

FOUNTAIN WATER CASCADE

POOLS PONDS
TITAN INTEGRITY CAMPUS, BANGALORE, INDIA

Considering Bangalore weather conditions bio-Lake and green terraces creates


an adequate micro-climate.

• Cascading green terrace gives a elevated ground • Building is oriented with longer sides facing north
level at every level south direction
• Lake and green terrace minimises mechanical • Green wall on western side shields the building
cooling from harsh western sun
TITAN INTEGRITY CAMPUS, BANGALORE, INDIA

A lake is conceived Terraced garden Porosity in planning Green wall reducing


towards eastern side reducing the island and form allows heat gain by the
act as an extension of effect. continuous movement building.
the existing lake of breeze with wind
creating a cooling tunnels creating venturi
effect. effect.
VIETTEL ACADEMY EDUCATION CENTRE, HANOI

Coupled with a series of ‘overflow pools’ on the ground level, the buildings are
able to produce a reduced-temperature microclimate within both indoor and
outdoor spaces, a necessity in the hot tropical climate of Hanoi.
CASE STUDY: CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY

NH-95, Ludhiana - Chandigarh


State Hwy, Punjab 140413

17
IMPACT OF VEGETATION
Vegetation Trees acts as a
gives shading
direction to device for the
the wind sitting
flow, provided. Also
resulting in the ground
pleasant and coverage
windy helps
environment maintain
for the space. temperature.

Blocks The cluster


access sun of trees
during the provide all
summer time shade.
and Weeping
provides trees adds
comfortable to the
sitting aesthetic of
space. the site.
IMPACT OF VEGETATION

Fountain in the OAT provides


a refreshing surrounding
atmosphere,
from the cooling and
humidifying effect of water
droplets.
REFERENCE
https://www.archdaily.com/876409/vtn-architects-brick-training-complex-will-create-
its-own-microclimate-using-sky-walks

https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/41204%28426%2911

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705817346374

http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/mas/article/view/42398#:~:text=In%20urban%20areas%2C%20water%20bodi
es,it%20has%20on%20evaporative%20procedure.&text=Differences%20in%20temperature%20between%20the,(Urban
%20Heat%20Island)%20effect.

https://nzeb.in/knowledge-centre/passive-design/vegetation/

https://www.slideshare.net/AnandGodson1/factors-affecting-micro-climate

http://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/The-Influence-of-Vegetation-on-Microclimate-in-Hot-Humid-Tropical-
Environment-A-Case-Of-Enugu-Urban..pdf

https://www.climate-policy-watcher.org/vegetation/what-causes-microclimates.html

http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov/assets/TAD/education/ECEP/drafting/b/b.htm
THANK YOU
Submitted by:
Bhawna Dawra 17BAR1022
Ambika Gupta 17BAR1028
Aarushi Barnwal 17BAR1047
Jiya Robert 17BAR1061

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gl08HABzugI
21

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