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Compressive Strength of Cement

This document outlines the procedure to determine the compressive strength of cement mortar cubes. Cubes are made with a cement-sand mixture, vibrated, and cured in water. They are tested by applying a steadily increasing load and calculating the compressive strength based on the crushing load and cube area. The test is done on cubes at 3, 7, and 28 days to check the strength meets the specified limits for different cement types.

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Mastani Bajirao
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2K views2 pages

Compressive Strength of Cement

This document outlines the procedure to determine the compressive strength of cement mortar cubes. Cubes are made with a cement-sand mixture, vibrated, and cured in water. They are tested by applying a steadily increasing load and calculating the compressive strength based on the crushing load and cube area. The test is done on cubes at 3, 7, and 28 days to check the strength meets the specified limits for different cement types.

Uploaded by

Mastani Bajirao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DETERMINATION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF

CEMENT

PURPOSE : Determination of compressive strength of standard cement mortar cubes compacted by


means of standard vibration machine.

IS CODE : I.S. : 269 - 1976 AND I.S. : 4031 – 1968, IS : 650-1966 (For standard sand)

APPARATUS :
 Vibration machine and cube moulds of size 7.06 cm (confirming to I.S. : 4031 – 1968).
 The standard sand to be used in the test shall confirm to I.S. : 650 – 1966.

PROCEDURE :

Preparation of test sample

 Mix proportion and mixing : Clean appliances shall be used for mixing and the temperature of the water
and that of the test room at the time when the above operations are being performed shall be 27 ± 2°C.

 Place in a container a mixture of cement and standard sand I the proportion of 1:3 by weight; mix it dry,
with a trowel for one minute and then with water until the mixture is of uniform colour. The quantity of
water to be used shall be as specified below. In any event, it should not take more than 4 minutes to
obtain uniform coloured mix. If it exceeds 4 minutes, sand mixture shall be rejected and the operation
repeated with a fresh quantity of cement, sand, and water.
 The material for each cube shall be mixed separately and the quantity of cement, standard sand, and
water shall be as follows:
(a) Percentage of water to be added to cement and sand in (1:3) = (P/4 + 3) x % combined weight of
cement and standard sand = (P/4 + 3) x 800/100
(b) Cement 200 gm, standard sand 600 gm, water (P/4 + 3) percent combined weight of cement and
sand, where P is the percentage of water required to produce a paste of standard consistency.
Moulding specimens
 In assembling the mould ready to use, cover the joints between the halves of the mould with a thin film
of petroleum jelly and apply a similar coating of petroleum jelly between the contact surfaces of the
bottom of the mould and its base plate in order to ensure that no water escapes during vibration. Treat
the interior faces of the mould with a thin coating of mould oil.
 Place the assembled moulds on the table of the vibration machine and firmly hold it in position
by means of suitable clamps. Securely attach a hooper of suitable size and shape at the top of the mould
to facilitate filling and this hooper shall not be removed until completion of the vibration period.
 Immediately after mixing the mortar, place the mortar in the cube mould and rod with a rod. The mortar
shall be rodded 20 times in about 8 seconds to ensure elimination of entrained air and honey combing.
 Place the remaining quantity of mortar in the hooper of the cube mould and rod again as specified for
the first layer and then compact the mortar by vibration. The period of vibration shall be 2 minutes at
the specified speed of 12,000 ± 400 vibrations per minute.
 At the end of vibration remove the mould together with the base plate from the machine and finish the
top surface of the cube in the mould by smoothing surface with the blade of a trowel.
Curing Specimen
 Keeping the filled moulds at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C in an atmosphere of at least 90 % relative
humidity for about 24 hours after completion of vibration. At the end of that period remove them from
the moulds and immediately submerge in clean fresh water and keep them under water until testing.
 The water in which the cubes are submerged shall be changed every 7 days and shall be maintained at a
temperature of 27 ± 2°C. After they have been take out and until they are tested, the cubes shall not be
allowed to become dry.
Testing
 Test 3 cubes for compressive strength at the period
 mentioned under the relevant specifications for different cements, the periods being reckoned from the
completion of vibration. The compressive strength shall be the average of the strengths of the 3 cubes
for each period of curing.
 The cubes shall be tested on their sides without any packing between the cube and steel platens of the
testing machine. One of the platens shallbe carried base abd shall be self-adjusting and the load shall be
2
steadily and uniformly applied, starting from zero at a rate of 350 kg/cm /min.

CALCULATIONS :
Calculate the compressive strength from the crushing load and the average area over which the load is applied.
2 2
Express the results in kg/cm to the nearest 0.5 kg/cm
2
Compressive strength in kg/cm = P/A
Where, P = The crushing load in 2
Kg , A = Area in cm

LIMITS : Compressive strength of cement

Type of cement 3 days 7 days 28 days


PPC 2 2
220 Kg/cm 350 Kg/cm
OPC 2 2 2
160 Kg/cm 220 Kg/cm 330 Kg/cm

FREQUENCY :

 One test per lot.

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