Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 1

Saint Columban College

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
7016 Pagadian City
S T U D E N T ’ S L E A R N I N G M O D U L E

Student’s Name: ___________________________ Date: ____________________

Grade & Section: ______________ Subject: _________________

Content Standard:
The learner shows appreciation of contemporary art forms, found in the various regions by understanding
the elements and principles
Performance Standard:
The learner presents a form of integrated contemporary art based on the region of his / her choice.
Learning Competencies:
The learner:
1. Identifies various contemporary art forms and their practices from the various regions
2. Classifies various art forms found in the Philippines
3. Defines contemporary arts in the Philippines
Learning Contents:
Lesson 1: Contemporary Art Forms in the Philippines

Lesson 2: Various Art Forms in the Philippines

Lesson 3: The Eras of Philippines Art (Part 1)

Lesson 4: The Eras of Philippines Art (Part 2)

Learning Resources:
✓ CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
Reference: Labininay, N. (2020). Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Module.
Department of Education – Division of Cagayan de Oro
✓ Photos retrieved from:
www.pinterest.ph www. dreamstime.com
www.clipartkey.com www.getdrawings.com

Core Values:
✓ Showing acts of understanding and appreciation to Philippine Arts and its heritage.

Module No. 1.1 Contemporary Art Forms in the Philippines Time Frame: 2 hours

Learning Targets: At the end of the lesson, I can_______________________________:

a) Define Contemporary Art.
b) Identify the major contemporary art forms in the Philippines
c) Describe the contemporary art forms in the Philippines.
d) Describe their practices from the various regions,
e) Broaden and acquire the necessary creative tools that open opportunities in pursuing
individual career goals and aspiration.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 2

I. INTRODUCTION:

Dear Student,

Panagdait sa Tanang Kabuhatan!

The success of this module lies in your hands. This was prepared for you
to learn diligently, intelligently, and independently. This will be a great opportunity
for you to equip yourself not only with academic content but as well as some
invaluable skills which you will be very proud of as a responsible learner.

If you have questions or concerns for our subject, please refer to your
adviser for my contact information. You may contact me during Weekdays
preferably Wednesday from 9am to 4pm only.

A. Motivation
Instructions: Below are pictures with a description, your task is to add colors only to the pictures which you
think represents an example of an artwork.

Dancing House or a Building

Music Drawing
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 3

B. Transition/ Linking Statements:

Did you enjoy the activity? Which options did you considered as art?
The focus of this subject is to discuss Contemporary Arts in the Philippines, this includes
reevaluating the meaning behind the word “art” as starters. This lesson will help you reveal the
answer in the posted activity on the previous page so stay tuned and be sure to enjoy reading the
entire module. :D

KEY CONCEPT
First, one needs to be clear about what the term contemporary art has come to mean. This lesson
will teach us everything about arts produced by Filipino artists rooted from their own culture and tradition.
Various contemporary art practices from every region will also be included. At the end of this lesson, you will
be able to understand what Contemporary Art and their practices from various regions is.

REVIEW

What is contemporary Art?

▪ Art produced at the present period in time, includes and develops from postmodern art, which is itself a
successor to Modern art.
▪ Art made and produced by artist living today.
▪ Statement that an artist makes about life, thoughts, ideas, beliefs, and many other things that define human
life. Simultaneously reflects the realities and values of our society, its variety portrays the mosaic of our
cultural diversity is culture.
▪ Contemporary art is the art of today, produced by artists who are living in the twenty-first century.
Contemporary art of the 21st century may combine elements of performance, painting, sculpture,
dance, and many other media. It draws on the movements of modern art, including minimalism and
assemblage art, to create dynamic pieces that aim to challenge the viewer and spark thought. Many
contemporary artists use their work to comment on cultural and political issues, including race, human
rights, economic inequality, and global conflict. As the world continues to change and impact human
life on a large scale, art continues to experiment with new ways of reaching its audience.

SHORT DISCUSSION

The 7 Major Contemporary Art Forms in the Philippines

1. Music
- art form that appeals to the sense of hearing, composed by combining notes into harmony.
2. Literature
- art form of language through the combined use of words, creating meaning and experience.
3. Theater
- Art form of performance. Dramatic text is portrayed on stage by actors and actresses and are
enhanced by props, lights and sounds. form of art in which artists use their voices and/or their bodies,
often in relation to other objects, to convey artistic expression.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 4

4. Film
- a technological translation of theater, special effects are utilized to enhance the story telling
5. Dance
- art of the human form, body is used, mobilized and choreographed in a specific time, form and space.
6. Architecture, Designs and Allied Arts

- structure that meant to be used as shelter, its art relies on the design and purpose of the structure.

7. Visual Arts
- Artwork, such as painting, photography, or sculpture, that appeals primarily to the visual sense and
typically exists in permanent form.

Contemporary Art Practices from Various Regions

DANCE
Tinikling - Philippine dance which involves two individual performers hitting bamboo poles, using them to
beat, tap, and slide on the ground, in coordination with one or more dancers who steps over and in between
poles
Cariñosa - is a Philippine national dance from the María Clara suite of Philippine folk dances.

DESIGN AND ART PURPOSE

LAPU-LAPUS SHRINE
Is a 20-meter bronze statue located in the Mactan Shrine in Punta
Engaño, Mactan Island, Cebu. The statue was created to honor Rajah
Lapu-Lapu, the native chieftain of Mactan Island who defeated
Ferdinand Magellan during historic battle of Mactan in 1521.

DANCE

HALADAYA FESTIVAL
The northernmost town of Cebu, Daan bantayan, celebrates a
festival in honor of the warrior Datu Daya of Kandaya.

Sinulog Festival – Dance ritual of the miraculous image of Sto. Niño.

 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 5

ARCHITECTURE - BAGUIO

BURNHAM PARK

VISUAL ARTS

Spoliarium painting of Juan Luna Sculptures Nine Muses by Napoleon Abueva (1976)

The Sketch, Portrait of the Professor, and Poinsettia Girl.

 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 6

Great job! After studying the concept notes, let’s try to answer these activities!
Keep in mind that
“Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are
His delight” Proverbs 12:22
II. INTERACTION:
A. Learning Activities:

Instructions: Using the table below elaborate the Major Contemporary Art forms. Please be honest in
answering :D

Art Forms Using your own words what makes this Sample Artwork
art form unique from the others? • Add the title and artist’s name
• Explain why you chose this work
Music

Literature

Theater

Film

Dance

Architecture

Visual Art
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 7

Great job! Now that you are done answering the activities, you are now ready to answer the test. Good
luck!

Assessment Technique:

Instructions: Read the question carefully and use your own words in answering. Please be honest in
answering :D

1. When can you say that an artwork is contemporary?

2. How is Art applicable to your strand?

III. INTEGRATION
A. Transfer of Learning
Instructions: Provide the necessary information’s asked below.

3 Things I learned

1.

2.

3.

2 Things I want to know

1.
2.

1 Thing that was not clear to me

1.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 8

B. Reflection:

Instructions: Read the question carefully and use your own words in answering. Please be honest in
answering :D

1. Now that you have learned about the Major Contemporary Art Forms what have you realized about “Art”
you may also base your answer to the Motivational Activity on page 2. A minimum of 5 sentences

C. Closure & Synthesis:

Directions: Complete the S.T.O.P Summary
We Started the lesson__________________________________________________________

the Topic was________________________________________________________________

Our Opportunities for practice were_______________________________________________

the Purpose of the lesson was____________________________________________________

 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 9

Module No. 1.2 Various Art Forms in the Philippines Time Frame: 2 hours

Learning Targets: At the end of the lesson, I can:

a) identify the music instruments of Filipinos.
b) Elaborate and draw a selected music instruments of Filipinos.

II. INTRODUCTION:

Dear Student,

Panagdait sa Tanang Kabuhatan!

The success of this module lies in your hands. This was prepared for you
to learn diligently, intelligently, and independently. This will be a great opportunity
for you to equip yourself not only with academic content but as well as some
invaluable skills which you will be very proud of as a responsible learner.

If you have questions or concerns for our subject, please refer to your
adviser for my contact information. You may contact me during Weekdays
preferably Wednesday from 9am to 4pm only.

Before we proceed to our new lesson. Let’s have a short recap of our previous lesson.

1. What is Contemporary Art? Elaborate using your own words

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________

A. Motivation
Instructions: In the box below draw a musical instrument that you’re familiar with, be sure to add colors to
make it presentable. :D
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 10

B. Transition/ Linking Statements:

Did you enjoy the activity? What instrument did you draw? From which country does the
instrument you chose belonged?
The focus of this lesson is the Music Instruments of Filipinos. You read it right! There are various
Filipinos musical instruments out there so stay tuned and be sure to enjoy reading the entire
module. :D

KEY CONCEPT
Philippine contemporary art is part of culture. As a reader, and viewer, you gain a deeper
knowledge about what the contemporary Filipino artists do or did, and why and how they do or
have done it. In doing so, you get to develop appreciation and gratitude for their artistic endeavors.

Today, most Filipino contemporary artists still deal with current concerns that affect our
country. They provide ways to allow the audience to participate in the experience. They
acknowledge their Filipino roots by using native and indigenous materials in their artwork which
show a growing sense of pride in being Filipino.

REVIEW

In the previous lesson, we defined Contemporary art as the art of today, produced by artists who are
living in the twenty-first century.

There are various art forms in the Philippines. The seven major forms are:

1. VISUAL ARTS
2. LITERATURE
3. MUSIC
4. THEATER
5. FILM
6. DANCE
7. ARCHITECTURE

SHORT DISCUSSION

MUSIC INSTRUMENTS OF FILIPINOS

1. The flat gong commonly known as Gangsa and played by the groups in the Cordillera region of the
bossed gongs played among the Islam and animist groups in the Southern Philippines.
2. Solibao is hallow wooden 5 Igorot drug topped with pig skin or lizard skin this is
played by striking the drum head using the palm of the hand.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 11

3. Tongatong is a bamboo percussion instrument used by the people of Kalinga to communicate with
spirits during house blessings. It is made of bamboo cut in various lengths. When you hit it against
soft earth a certain drone reverberates though the instrument’s open mouth. When an entire set of
Tongatong is played in interloping rhythm and prolonged with the tribal chanting, it could put the
audience and the dancers in a trance.
4. Diwdiw-asis 5 or more different size of slender bamboo that is tied together
5. Saggeypoit is a bamboo pipe that is closed on one end by a node with the open end held against
the lower lip of the player as he blows directly across the top. The pipe can be played individually by
one person or in ensembles of three or more.
6. Bungkaka - Bamboo buzzer
7. Kulintang - refers to a racked gong chime instrument played in the southern islands of the Philippines,
along with its varied accompanying ensembles.
8. Rondalla is performed on ensembles comprising mandolin instruments of various sizes called
banduria composed on the Iberian tradition.

SONGS PLAYED BY FILIPINOS

OPM (Original Pilipino Music) - originally referred only to Philippine pop songs, particularly ballad

Harana and Kundiman - In the 1920s Harana and Kundiman became more mainstream musical
styles.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 12

Great job! After studying the concept notes, let’s try to answer these activities!
Keep in mind that
“Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are
His delight” Proverbs 12:22
II. INTERACTION:
A. Learning Activities:

Instructions: Choose one musical instrument of Filipinos discussed and research for a sample photo. Your
task is to draw and label the parts of the instrument that you chose. You can use an extra sheet for this
activity. Good luck and have fun! :D

Criteria Definition Score

Creativity The artwork is clean and beautifully made. It is pleasing and colorful 40%
or have proper shading.
Originality The artwork is originally made 40%
Overall Impression The artwork portrays deep message 20%
TOTAL 100%
Follow-up question. What instrument did you chose and why?
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 13

Great job! Now that you are done answering the activities, you are now ready to answer the test. Good
luck!

Assessment Technique:

Instructions: Read the questions carefully and choose the correct answer

1. It is a form of art that refers to the staging

and execution of a production like drama, 3. Is OPM considered a contemporary art?
opera, festivals. a. Yes
a. Dance b. No
b. Architecture
c. Theater 4. Metropolitan is what contemporary art
d. Sculpture form in the Philippines?
a. Painting
2. Refers to a racked gong chime b. Architecture
instrument played in the southern islands c. Dance
of the Philippines, along with its varied d. Theater
accompanying ensembles.
a. Kulintang 5. Identify the 7 major arts forms in the
b. Rondalla Philippines.
c. Bungkaka
d. Tongatong

III. INTEGRATION
B. Transfer of Learning
Instructions: Provide the necessary information’s asked below.

3 Things I learned

1.

2.

3.

2 Things I want to know

1.
2.

1 Thing that was not clear to me

1.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 14

B. Reflection:

Instructions: Read the question carefully and use your own words in answering. Please be honest in
answering :D

1. This lesson discussed some of the Filipino Musical Instruments, in your own idea should we be proud of
these instruments? Why? A minimum of 5 sentences

C. Closure & Synthesis:

Directions: Complete the S.T.O.P Summary
We Started the lesson__________________________________________________________

the Topic was________________________________________________________________

Our Opportunities for practice were_______________________________________________

the Purpose of the lesson was____________________________________________________

 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 15

Module No. 1.3 The Eras of Philippines Art Part 1 Time Frame: 2 hours

Learning Targets: At the end of the lesson, I can:

a) Explain the development of Philippine Art through various eras
b) Create an Artwork that promotes the significance of different Eras

III. INTRODUCTION:

Dear Student,

Panagdait sa Tanang Kabuhatan!

The success of this module lies in your hands. This was prepared for you
to learn diligently, intelligently, and independently. This will be a great opportunity
for you to equip yourself not only with academic content but as well as some
invaluable skills which you will be very proud of as a responsible learner.

If you have questions or concerns for our subject, please refer to your
adviser for my contact information. You may contact me during Weekdays
preferably Wednesday from 9am to 4pm only.

Before we proceed to our new lesson. Let’s have a short recap of our previous lesson.

1. What are the Musical Instruments of the Filipinos did we discussed last meeting?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________

A. Motivation
Instructions: A family tree is a chart representing family relationships in a conventional tree structure. In the
box below draw your family tree starting from your grandparents. Be sure to make it colorful and clean. :D
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 16

B. Transition/ Linking Statements:

Did you enjoy the activity? What difficulties did you encounter in making your family tree?
This lesson is similar to a family tree wherein we will explore the development of Filipino art by
going back intime so stay tuned and be sure to enjoy reading the entire module. :D

KEY CONCEPT

SHORT DISCUSSION

Philippine Art History

I. AMERICAN ERA (1898 – 1940)

to the Post war Republic (1946
– 1969)

What were the changes brought

about by American Colonization? How were
they differ from the religious forms of the
Spanish colonial period ?
In the American regime, commercial and
advertising arts were integrated into fine arts
curriculum. Moreover, Americans
favored idyllic sceneries and secular forms of
arts. Because

https://bit.ly/3dwgqdi

the lingua franca of this period was English, poems and stories from books were dramatize in classroom,
to facilitate the teaching of the English language. Unlike, the Spanish, the Americans passionate
thought their language through an efficient public school system.
In less than decade, Filipino playwrights began to write plays in English. In the beginning of the
20th century, new urban pattern that responded to the secular goals of education, health and governance
was imposed. The new patrons of the arts included the Americans who engaged in governance and
education, business and tourism. The demand for artists who could do illustrations in textbooks or graphic
design to product labels thus emerged. The inclination towards genre, still life and portrait paintings
persisted. Landscapes on the other hand, became cherished as travel souvenirs, especially those that
captured the exotic qualities of Philippine terrain. In 1909, a year after the establishment of the University
of the Philippines, its School of Fine Arts was opened. It also offered a course on commercial design to
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 17

fulfill the aforementioned demand. For some time, the academic ( a term referring to the kind of art was
influenced by European academies) tradition of painting and sculpture in the manner of Amorsolo and
Tolentino prevailed in the art scene.(crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al , 2016. Contemporary
Philippine Arts of the Regions p.28 -29)

Famous Artist during American era

1. Juan Abad – Tanikalang Ginto (Golden Chain) (1902)

2. Juan Matapang Cruz – Hindi ako Patay ( Iam Not Dead) 1903
3. Aurelio Tolentino – Kahapon , Ngayon at Bukas (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow )
(The above 3 artists emphasized their works a deep profound yearning for freedom.)

1. Lino Castillejo (author) – A Modern Filipina First Filipino written in English

2. Jesus Araullo (author) – A Modern Filipina
3. Daniel Burnham (architect) - He design Manila and Baguio
4. William Parsons – implanted Burnham Plan – an urban designed employed Neoclassic
architecture.
5. Thomas Mapua
6. Andres Luna de San Pedro Filipino architects who designed buildings
7. Antonio Toledo during the period
8. Fabian dela Rosa (naturalists Painter) – Planting Rice (1921), El Kundiman( 1930)
9. Fernado Amorsolo
• romantic painter – Dalagang Filipina, idyllic landscapes, historical paintings
• graphic artist –The Philippine Readers (book) The Independent ( newspaper)
• logo designer - Ginebra San Miguel.
10. Guillermo Tolentino (sculpture ) – Oblation ( 1935) UP Oblation ( 1958 ) Bonifacio Monument
( 1933).

II. JAPANESE ERA (1941

– 1945)

Since the Japanese advocated for

the culture of East Asia, preference
was given to the indigenous art and
traditions of the Philippines. This
emphasized their propaganda in
Asia. Under the Japanese
occupation of Manila, the Modern Art
Project would slow down in pace. Early moderns https://bit.ly/3g0A0Qw
and conservatives alike continued to produce art and even participated in KALIBAPI ( Kapisanan sa
Paglingkod ng Bagong Pilipinas) sponsored art competitions.
Nevertheless, art production once again tilted to fulfill the agenda and demands of the new colonial
order. The Japanese forces led the formation of the greater East asia Co – Prosperity Sphere, a propaganda
movement that sought to create a Pan – Asian identity rejected Western traditions. The productions of images,
texts, nd music underwent scrutiny.

In music, the composer National Artist Felipe de Leon was said to have been commanded to write
AWIT SA PAGLIKHA NG BAGONG PILIPINAS. Declared as the anthem specifically for the period, it
conveyed allegiance to the nation reared in East Asia, where Japan was actively asserting its political power.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 18

Genre paintings were the most widely produced, particularly those that presented a neutral
relationship between Filipinos and the Japanese through works that showed the normality of daily living.
(crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 15)

Famous artist and their artworks during Japanese era

1. Fernado Amorsolo (painting) 4. Felipe P. de Leon (composer)

• Harvest scene, 1942 • Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong
• Rice Plating, 1942 Pilipinas
• Bombing of the Intendencia 5. Crispin Lopez (painting)
(1942) • Study of an Aeta (1943)
• Ruins of Manila Cathedral (1945) 6. Diosdado Lorenzo (painting)
2. Sylvia La Torre (song) • Atrocities in Paco
• Sa kabukiran 7. Dominador Castaneda (painting)
3. Levi Celerio (composer) • Doomed Family (1945)
• Sa Kabukiran

III. MODERN ERA (Neo Realism,

Abstraction Modern styles)

What is Modern Art?

Modern art is quite different from
contemporary art especially when in terms of
history and styles.

anModern era in the Philippine art began after

World War 2 and the granting independence.
Writers and Artists posed the question of national identity as the main theme of various art forms.
https://bit.ly/2NAlIdi

It is referred to as “traditional compared to contemporary art. The styles of modern art for example
are now part of art and curricula and have become academic.
The most well- known proponent of Modern art painting is Victorio Edades whose work were initially
rejected and misunderstood but later on his modernist sensibility was shared by several artists. In this era
artists explored various mediums, techniques and themes that were at that time considered “new”.
There was an exploration of subject matter, content, and form. Using modernists figuration, many of
the artists explored folk themes and also crafted commentaries on the urban condition and the effects of the
war.
Modern artists do not aim to copy and idealize reality; instead, they change the colors flatten the
picture instead of creating illusions of depth, nearness and farness. They depict what might be thought of as
“ugly “and unpleasant instead of the beautiful and pastoral.

Another strand of Modern art is abstraction. It consists of simplified forms, which avoided mimetic
representation. It is sometimes referred as nonrepresentational or non-objective art as it emphasizes the
relationship of colors, line, space or the flatness of the canvas rather than an illusion of three dimensionality.
(crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 15)
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 19

Modern famous artists and their artworks

• Neo Realists Artist • Abstractionist Artists

1. Manansala – The Beggars (1952), 1. Constancio Abenardo
Tuba Drinkers (1954), 2. Lee Aguinaldo
2. Legaspi – Gadgets II (1949), Bad 3. Jose Joya
Girls (1947) 4. Fernando Zobel
3. HR Ocampo – The Contrast (1940), 5. Arturo Luz – Street Musicians (1952)
Genesis (1968) 6. Nina Saguil - Cargadores (1951)
4. Ramon Estella
Modern Architectural structures:
5. Victor Oyteza
6. Romeo Tabuena 1. Church of Holy Sacrifice (1955)
2. Church of the Risen Lord
3. Chapel of Saint Joseph the worker

IV. CONTEMPORARY ART.

What is contemporary art? Is it

similar to Modern art? What are the
general characteristics of contemporary
art?

Contemporary art is much

different from Modern art as it said earlier
modern art is referred “traditional”
compared to contemporary art. How would
that be? An example is the work of
Fernando Amorsolo, he painted his
painting “Harvest Scene in 1942. At that
time, the painting was considered contemporary. Today, we refer to that work as an example of Modern art
produced during Japanese era. But some of the artists continue to produce work ‘til today and in that sense
their works can be describe as contemporary by virtue of being of the present.

What contemporary really is? Contemporary art is an art of today produced by artists living of today.
It is a fluid term, and its use can change depending on the context.

Philippine Contemporary Art was an offshoot of social realism brought about by Martial Law. Arts
became expression of people’s aspiration for a just, free and sovereign society.

Artists use mixed media. Their artworks are site specific, process - based and they
integrate various art forms.

Contemporary art has the following characteristics;

a. collaborative / participative
b. interactive
c. Process - oriented (meaning that there is less emphasis on the finished
product and a single author or creator. There is a wide range of
strategies, media and techniques)
d. Site specific (they cannot be experienced in the same way if we remove
from their original place.
Contemporary art is distinguishable from Modern art in historical, stylistic, and cultural terms. (crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et.
al , 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 15)
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 20

Great job! After studying the concept notes, let’s try to answer these activities!
Keep in mind that
“Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are
His delight” Proverbs 12:22
II. INTERACTION:
A. Learning Activities:

Instructions: Choose one Era of Philippine art discussed above and draw an artwork that reflects the artwork
in the era you selected. You may use an extra sheet or this activity good luck and have fun! :D
Criteria Definition Score
Creativity The artwork is clean and beautifully made. It is pleasing and colorful 40%
or have proper shading.
Originality The artwork is originally made 40%
Overall Impression The artwork portrays deep message 20%
TOTAL 100%
Follow-up question. Which era did you chose and why?
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 21

Great job! Now that you are done answering the activities, you are now ready to answer the test. Good
luck!

Assessment Technique:

Instructions: Read the questions carefully and choose the correct answer

1. In this lesson we discussed the first three eras of Philippine art, what is the name of those eras and
elaborate how Philippine art differ from each of those eras. A minimum of 5 sentences

III. INTEGRATION
C. Transfer of Learning
Instructions: Provide the necessary information’s asked below.

3 Things I learned

1.

2.

3.

2 Things I want to know

1.
2.

1 Thing that was not clear to me

1.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 22

B. Reflection:

Instructions: Read the question carefully and use your own words in answering. Please be honest in
answering :D

1. To simply put it in words this lesson focused on the history of Philippine Arts. In your opinion what is the
significance of history to the present day? A minimum of 5 sentences

C. Closure & Synthesis:

Directions: Complete the S.T.O.P Summary
We Started the lesson__________________________________________________________

the Topic was________________________________________________________________

Our Opportunities for practice were_______________________________________________

the Purpose of the lesson was____________________________________________________

 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 23

Module No. 1.3 The Eras of Philippines Art Part 2 Time Frame: 2 hours

Learning Targets: At the end of the lesson, I can:

a) Explain the development of Philippine Art through various eras
b) Create an Artwork using the art style of the different Eras

IV. INTRODUCTION:

Dear Student,

Panagdait sa Tanang Kabuhatan!

The success of this module lies in your hands. This was prepared for you
to learn diligently, intelligently, and independently. This will be a great opportunity
for you to equip yourself not only with academic content but as well as some
invaluable skills which you will be very proud of as a responsible learner.

If you have questions or concerns for our subject, please refer to your
adviser for my contact information. You may contact me during Weekdays
preferably Wednesday from 9am to 4pm only.

Before we proceed to our new lesson. Let’s have a short recap of our previous lesson.

1. Last meeting, we discussed the first three eras in the history of Philippine Arts, among the three
which is the first one you remembered and why?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________

A. Motivation
Instructions: In the space provided below draw the most memorable object, place or person to you. Be sure
to make it colorful and clean. :D
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 24

B. Transition/ Linking Statements:

Did you enjoy the activity? What did you draw? How did your important memory define you as a
person?
This lesson is a continuation to the development of Filipino art lets now return intime, so stay tuned
and be sure to enjoy reading the entire module. :D

KEY CONCEPT

SHORT DISCUSSION

Philippine Art History

V. Pre-Colonial Arts / Ethnic Arts

Was there art before colonization?

In art chronicle terms, we imply art a few

times as of late the coming of the essential
colonizers as “pre - triumph”. In expound terms,
we insinuate to it as natural the thought that our
forerunners, have been making art without a
doubt a few times as of late colonization. It is
also described in cultural https://bit.ly/3i6nd0 U

terms as “pre-colonial” as a term to use the general way of life before colonization. Although the terms are
interchangeable, it is also useful to keep these distinctions in mind when studying the art of the past

In Pre – colonial Philippines, arts are for ritual purposes or for everyday use. Art of the ancient
Filipinos were woven into the fabric of everyday life. They do not refer to art as we do today. That is, as an
expression of an individual, and seen largely in galleries and concert halls. They do not distinguish forms into
different categories like music, theater, visual arts, etc. Everyday expressions were all integrated within rituals
that marked significant moments in a community’s life, like planting, harvesting, rites passage, funerary,
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 25

ceremonies, weddings, among others. (Crafted from: Faludette May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary
Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 15)

Our ancestors, just like others in the world during those times, were hunter gatherers. The forefathers
hunted food and game that were shared among members of a community in a gathering where they told
stories about the hunt. They imitated the movement of animals and prey, and the sounds that they made. But
how do arts apply?

In this simple activity alone evolved ritual, music, dance, theater and yes even literature. When they told
stories about the hunt, this form of oral story telling marked the beginnings of the literature. When they
imitated movements of the animals they hunted, this marked the early beginnings of theater or play acting.
When they learned to add drum beating and attach rhythm to their movements, they have given birth to music
and dance

The pre- colonial peoples of the Philippines already possessed a varied and vibrant musicale culture.
The country’s indigenous cultures through the existence of ethnic musical instruments such as pipes , flutes,
zithers, drums, various string instruments like kudyapi a three stringed guitar, the kulintang – an array bossed
gongs, the gansa or flat gong, bamboo percussion instruments, and the gong – large bossed gong.

The following are the native dance forms imitated from the movements of the animals:

1. Pangalay dance (Sulu) is mimetic of the movements of the sea birds

2. Mandaya’ Kinabua, Banog – banog (Higaonon & B’laan), and ma- manok (Bagobos in Mindanao is
imitated the movements of predatory birds.
3. Talip dance (Ifugao) that is used for courtship is mimetic of the movements of wild fowls.
4. Inamo dance (Matigsalugs) and Kadaliwas dance (T’Boli) represent the comedic movement of the
monkey
5. Tinikling dance evocative of the movements of the crane, balancing itself on stilt – like legs or flirting
away from the clutches of bamboo traps.

Famous artworks during pre – colonial

1. Carving
• Bulul (Cordillera) a granary God that plays an important role in rituals
• Hagabi (Ifugao) a wooden bench
• Santos / sculptures of saints (Laguna and Pampanga)
• Okir (Tausug / Samal / Badjao) mythical sarimanok, the naga or serpent.
• Manunggul Jar discovered at Manunggul cave of Palawan

2. Weaving

• Textile weaving
a. Pis siyabit (Tausug of Sulu) a headpiece woven
b. Malong (Maranao of Lanao del Sur)

• Mat and basket weaving

a. Tepo mat (Sama of Tawi-Tawi) a double layered made of Pandan leaves.
b. Ovaloid basket (Itbayat, Batanes) a head sling made of nito or bamboo used to carry
the harvests.
c. Bubo (Ilocos region) a sturdy bamboo strips used to trap the fish.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 26

3. Ornamentation - representations of various ethnolinguistic groups.

a. Wearing gold jewelry (upper class Tagalog)
b. Tattooing (Visayan) it is believed to protect the individual from evil spirits, it is also a sign
of bravery and maturity.

VI. ISLAMIC ERA

(13TH Century to the Present)

How did Islam influence art before

the coming of Spanish colonizers?

Islamic is characterized by geometric

designs and patter selecting focus from the
believers. Even before the coming of
Spanish colonizers, Islam was already well
entrenched in Southern Philippines.
Filipino Muslims recognize that they belong
to an ummah or a community

Source: https://bit.ly/2VqsfLY

of believers. Central to the Islamic faith is the doctrine of or unity of God. This belief emphasizes the
impermanence of nature and the incomprehensible greatness of the Divine Being.

In Islamic art we can observe how artist are influenced by the notion of the Tawhid, we will find
that the interior of mosques are covered with elaborate patterning in the form of reliefs to draw the attention
away from the concrete object, in other words away from human forms and nature” toward the contemplation
of the divine” ( source: Faludette May Datulin et. al , 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p.
19)

Happenings during Islamic era

1. Sultanate of Sulu was established Sayyid Abbubakar

2. Qura or holy text was introduced
3. Building of religious school called Madrasah
4. Natives from Yakans , Basilan and Zamboanga were converted to Islam
5. Islamazation process In Mindanao became strong.
6. Islam became the religion and as a way of life of people in Mindanao (Tausug, Maranao,
Maguindanao, Yakan, Samal, Badjao).
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 27

VII. SPANISH ERA

(1521 – 1898)
What kinds of art
developed during Spanish
Colonization?

Art became a hand maiden of

religion, serving to propagate the
Catholic faith and thus support
the colonial order at the same
time. Religious orders were
dispatched to convert the natives
to Catholicism as part of the

lhttps://bit.ly/2VqsfLYl larger project culturally as

religious art, lowland Christian art or folk art. During this period, cruciform churches following the shape of
the latin cross were built. In keeping with the prevailing, they were characterized by grandeur, drama, and
elaborate details that purposely appealed to the emotions. The use of adobe, limestone or brick and the
construction of thick buttresses or wing like projections reinforce the church structure to make it more resistant
to earthquake. In other words, the result is a fusion of both native and European elements, prompting some
art historians to refer to the style as colonial baroque or Philippine or tropical baroque. (source: Faludette
May Datulin et. al, 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts of the Regions p. 31)

Important Happenings related to art during Spanish era

• Chinese artisans were engaged in making icons or saints made in wood or ivory
• Colonial churches were built
• Western musical instruments were introduced, pipe organ, violin, guitar, and piano
• Catholic liturgical music was introduced in 1742
• Choral music to boys were introduced and created the first Filipino composers named
Marcelo Adonay (1848 – 1928)
• Musical form based on Catholic faith have emerge in the Pasyon – the biblical of Christ’s
passion chanted in an improvise melody.
• Secular music was formed; the awit and the corridor – these were the two musical forms
based on European literature and history.
• Kundiman became a vehicle for conflict – the lyrics were that of unrequited love, except that
the love object was the Philippines who would be cleverly concealed as beautiful woman.
• Mangyans made the baybayin script made of bamboo poles cut into smaller nodes that are
carved used to composed short poems, expressing one’s feelings and other emotional
concers.Pomp and pageantry of religious processions were introduced.
• Zarzuela was introduced, it was an opera which features singing and dancing with prosed
dialogue which allowed the story to be carried out in a song.
• Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan were awarded as the most distinguished
playwrights as they wrote zarzuela in Tagalog
• Honorata “ Atang” dela Rama awardeded as the most celebrated leading actress
• The first Senakulo was written in 1704 by Gaspar Aquino de Belen
• Komedya were also introduced; komedya de santo (it centers on life of Christ ) and Secular
Komedya.
• Folk dances such as carinosa, pandango, polka , dansa and rigodon, habanera, and tango
were introduced.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 28

• Visual arts, and paintings must be visual interpretation of biblical texts center to Catholic
devotion ex. Heaven Earth and Hell by Jose Dans ( 1850)
• Reprographic art of printmaking was introduced, Doctrina Christiana is an example, the first
printed book in the Philippines compiling song lyrics, commandments, sacraments and other
catechetical material.
• Juan Luna ( Spolarium) won gold medals and Felix Resurrection Hidalgo (Virgenes
christianas expuestas al populacho) won silver medals

Famous Artists and their artworks during Spanish era:

Visual Arts:

1. Damian Domingo – water color albums of tipos

2. Juan Luna – Spoliarium, Espana y Filipinas
3. Felix Resurrection Hidalgo – Virgenes christianas expuestas al populacho
4. Lorenzo Guerrero - The Water Carrier
5. Simon Flores – Portrait of the Quiazon Family
6. Jose Dans – Heaven, Earth, Hell
7. Esteban Villanueva - Basi Revolt

Miniature painters Engraver:

1. Antonio Malantic 1. Francisco Suarez

2. Isidro Arceo, 2. Nicolas Engraver
3. Dionesio de Castro 3. Laureano Atlas
4. Justiniano Assuncion 4. Felipe Sevilla

Musician – Composer Theater artist:

1. Marcelo Adonay 1. Honorata “ Atang” dela Rama

Writers:

1. Severino Reyes - Zarzuela

2. Hermogenes Ilagan – Zarzuela
3. Gaspar Aquino de Belen - Senakulo
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 29

Great job! After studying the concept notes, let’s try to answer these activities!
Keep in mind that
“Lying lips are an abomination to the Lord, but those who act faithfully are
His delight” Proverbs 12:22
II. INTERACTION:
A. Learning Activities:

Choose one Era of Philippine art discussed above and draw an artwork that will promote the art style in the
era you selected. You may use an extra sheet or this activity good luck and have fun! :D
Criteria Definition Score
Creativity The artwork is clean and beautifully made. It is pleasing and colorful 40%
or have proper shading.
Originality The artwork is originally made 40%
Overall Impression The artwork portrays deep message 20%
TOTAL 100%
Follow-up question. Which era did you chose and why?
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 30

Great job! Now that you are done answering the activities, you are now ready to answer the test. Good
luck!

Assessment Technique:

Instructions: Read the questions carefully and choose the correct answer

1. In this lesson we discussed the last four eras of Philippine art, what is the name of those eras and
elaborate how Philippine art differ from each of those eras. A minimum of 5 sentences

III. INTEGRATION
D. Transfer of Learning
Instructions: Provide the necessary information’s asked below.

3 Things I learned

1.

2.

4.

2 Things I want to know

1.
3.

1 Thing that was not clear to me

1.
 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 31

B. Reflection:

Instructions: Read the question carefully and use your own words in answering. Please be honest in
answering :D

1. In summary the last two lessons of this module focused on the history of Philippine Arts. In your opinion
is history important or does it have significant effects to the present and future? A minimum of 5 sentences

C. Closure & Synthesis:

Directions: Complete the S.T.O.P Summary
We Started the lesson__________________________________________________________

the Topic was________________________________________________________________

Our Opportunities for practice were_______________________________________________

the Purpose of the lesson was____________________________________________________

 Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 32

Great job! We are finally done with the module! I hope you
enjoyed learning the topic! See you in our next journey!

Prepared by:

MS. MICHELLE P. DIAZ MR. GERALD N. CABADING MS. XYRAH THERESE

S. INSO

MRS. KRISTAL JEAN MR. JUSTINE ROMER

A. PARRILLA S. MONTERON