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A Brief History of Philipphine Art

The document provides a brief history of Philippine art from pre-colonial to Spanish colonial periods. It describes how indigenous peoples engaged in rituals, music, dance, and crafts like weaving, carving, and pottery making before colonization. During the Islamic period, art reflected Islamic beliefs and motifs. Under Spanish rule, Christian art like churches and retablo flourished alongside the introduction of Western instruments and genres. Colonial art also blended Spanish and indigenous influences. Overall, the document outlines the evolution and influences of Philippine art through different historical periods.

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Noella Apole
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226 views14 pages

A Brief History of Philipphine Art

The document provides a brief history of Philippine art from pre-colonial to Spanish colonial periods. It describes how indigenous peoples engaged in rituals, music, dance, and crafts like weaving, carving, and pottery making before colonization. During the Islamic period, art reflected Islamic beliefs and motifs. Under Spanish rule, Christian art like churches and retablo flourished alongside the introduction of Western instruments and genres. Colonial art also blended Spanish and indigenous influences. Overall, the document outlines the evolution and influences of Philippine art through different historical periods.

Uploaded by

Noella Apole
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A BRIEF HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE

ART

 Pre-Conquest
 Islamic Colonial
 Spanish Colonial

Apole, Noella (Grade 11)


Course: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Region
School: Mt. Carmel School of Siargao Inc.
Pre-Conquest
• In art historical terms, we refer to art before the
coming of the first colonizers as “pre-conquest”.
• In stylistic terms, we refer to it as “indigenous” to
emphasize the idea that our ancestors have been
making art even before colonization.
• It is also described in cultural terms as “pre-
colonial” as a term to use for general way of life
before colonization.
• Although the terms are interchangeable, it is also
useful to keep this distinction in mind when studying
the art of the past.
Art Before Colonization
• Hunting
- Our ancestors, just like all others in the world
are hunter gatherers. They hunt food in which they
shared in a community gathering where they told
stories about the hunt.
- In this simple activity alone evolved ritual,
music, dance, theatre and even literature.
• Many of this rituals, which we can consider as the
earliest forms of theater are still alive in the various
regions.
Rituals from Different Regions in the
Philippines

• Kapayvanuvanua in Batanes: Fishing Ritual


• Cañao or Kanyaw in CAR: Animal Sacrifice
• Kashawing in Lake Lanao, Mindanao: Harvesting
Ritual
• Tagbanwa Tribe in Palawan: Planting of Rice
Ethnic Musical Instruments
Long before the coming of the Spaniards, the
pre-colonial peoples of the Philippines already
possesses a varied and vibrant musical culture.

• Flutes · Kudyapi
• Drums · Flat gong
• Zither · Agong
• Pipes
• Kulintang
Native Dance Forms in the Philippines

• The Itik-Itik
• The Tinikling
• The Sayaw sa Bangko
• The Pangalay
• The Kadaliwas
• The Banog-banog
Philippine Traditions
• Carving
i. Bulul, Hagabi, Santos, Okir
• Terracota
i. Manunggul Jar (-secondary burial vessel where buried and
exhumed bones are place), Palayok, Banga, Tapayan

• Weaving
i. Textile weaving (ex. pis siyabit, malong)
ii. Basket weaving (ex. tepo, nito, bubo)
• Boxer Codex -tattoes were valued because it was believed to protect
the individual from evil spirits
Islamic Colonial
• Religion has greatly affected the shape of our society and most
especially, our arts and culture. The major religions that
have made an impact are the Islamic and Spanish culture.
• During the 13th Century, Islam has already been widespread in
the Sulu area. This means, the Islamic culture has been here in
the Philippines before the Spanish people.
• Sayyid Abbubakar - known for building religious schools
known as madrasa that facilitated the teaching of Arabic
writing.
• The umma existed as the community of believers where the
Islamic beliefs are being taught to be aspired with the
relationship and unity with Allah and His sense.
• And to show deep reverence, Muslims have developed
a way of appreciation through arts. This serves as a
reminder for them to put emphasis on the importance of
making Allah as the center above human forms of
indulgence.
• Their way of art is expressive through mosaics,
weaving (ukkil), abstract and vibrant colors and motifs.
They also have this tree of life where the love and
respect of nature is being emphasized.
• Tawhid - central to the Islamic faith; also called “Unity
of God”
- main belief of Islam that influene the way art
is made and interpreted.
Islam's Contribution in Philippine Art

• Luhul or Canopy
• Panolong
• Mythical Sarimanok
• Burraq (horse with a head of a woman, believed to carry the
Prophet in his ascension to heaven))
• Torogan (royal house of Maranao)
Spanish Colonial Period
• The Spanish period has the strongest hold of influences in our
society. Art flourished during the Spanish colonial period.
• To carry out the project of colonization, the Filipino Christians
made their appreciation of the religion through establishing
sites just like the plaza complex and municipio.
• Cruciform churches following the shape of the Latin Cross
were built. In keeping with the prevailing design of Hispanic
churches, the Baroque Style was predominantly employed.
• In colonial churches, santos are displayed in a decorative altar
niche called Retablo.
• The Via Cruci are paintings and sculptures depicting the
Christ's cricifixion and resurrection.
Spanish Contribution to Philippine Art
• Western Musical Instruments (pipe organ, violin, guitar, piano)
• Musical Forms (awit and the corrido, kundiman and the
balitao)
• Baybayin Script
• Local Theater Forms (zarzuela/sarsuwela, senakulo -Christ
passion and death on the cross, komedya - depicts the conflict between Muslim
and Christian )
• Philippine Folk Music and Dance (cariñosa, pandanggo,
polka, dansa, rigodon, tango)
• Visual Arts or Paintings (Heaven, Earth and Hell, Basi Revolt
-a series of 14 painting by EstebanVillanueva)
But we cannot tolerate the sufferings we
had during the Spanish period so the Filipinos
have also decided in the 19th century to creat
movements through artistic representations just
like the Sarswela, the Filipino version of the
singing and dancing on stage of the Spanish,
Zarzwela. With these, the whole story of the
nation itself is being depicted through the good
and rough times.
• Doctrina Christiana (The Teachings of Christianity) - is the
first printed book in the Philippines compilling song lyrics,
commandments, sacraments, and other catechetal material.

• Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Yslas


Filipinas - is the first scientific map of the Philippines.

• Flora de Filipinas - is an extensive compilation of Philippine


plants produced by Augustinian botanist Fr. Manuel Blanco.

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