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Design of Spur Gear

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Sudarshan Nepal
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39 views18 pages

Design of Spur Gear

Uploaded by

Sudarshan Nepal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design procedure

Step 1: note down peripheral speed (V)


𝜋𝐷𝑁
•𝑉=
60
• Peripheral speed will same for gear and pinion
• If peripheral velocity is not able to find it may be taken from 3 to 15. 3 to 5
m/s for a low rotary speed of pinion and a low to power transmission. For
higher values of pinion speed and higher power, greater values for
peripheral speed may be assumed
Step 2: if the material for pinion and gears are not specified, select the
material
• For low velocity, CI and low grade steel may be used
• For higher velocity, better grade material should be used
• Note down 𝜎𝑏 and BHN for the material from DDB
Step 3: Find design transmitted load, Ft using equation
1000×𝑃×𝐶0
• 𝐹𝑡 = ,𝑁
𝑉
Where, 𝑃 = 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑑, 𝑜𝑟 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟, 𝑘𝑊
𝐶0 = 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝐷𝐷𝐵
𝑉 = 𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦
Step 4: Use of Lewis Equation
𝜎𝑏 ×𝑓×𝑚×𝑌
𝐹𝑡 =
𝐾𝑓
• Calculate module from above equation
• First from gear and pinion, whichever is having small value of 𝜎𝑏 for that only
apply Lewis equation
𝐷 𝑃𝑖𝑡𝑐ℎ 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
•𝑚= = , 𝑌 = 𝜋𝑦 𝐿𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑠 ′ 𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
𝑍 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑒𝑡ℎ
0.684
• 𝑦 = 0.124 − 𝑓𝑜𝑟14.50 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 , 𝑦 = 0.175 −
𝑍
0.841 0 0.912
𝑓𝑜𝑟 20 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑏 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ , 𝑦 = 0.154 − (𝑓𝑜𝑟 200 𝑓𝑢𝑙𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚)
𝑍 𝑍
• In case where number of tooth are not given
𝑌 = 0.25, 0.35, 0.29 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
 𝑓 = 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ = 3 𝑃𝑐 𝑡𝑜 4 𝑃𝑐 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑥
 𝑓 = 9.5 × 𝑚 𝑡𝑜 12.5 × 𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙
 𝐾𝑓 = 1.5 200 , 𝐾𝑓 = 1.6 14.50
 𝜎𝑏 = 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
 Lewis’s equation for dynamic condition
𝜎𝑏 ×𝑓×𝑚×𝑌
𝐹𝑡 = × 𝐶𝑣
𝐾𝑓
4.5 4.5 3
𝐶𝑣 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑣 = 7.5 𝑡𝑜 12.5 = 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑣 > 12.5 = (𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑣<
4.5+𝑣 4.5+𝑣 3+𝑣
Step 5: calculate gear tooth properties if asked
Step 6:Calculate dynamic load using Buckingham’s equation
• 𝐹𝑑 = 𝐹𝑡 + 𝐹𝑖
21𝑉((𝑐.𝑓+𝐹𝑡 )
• 𝐹𝑖 =
21𝑉+ (𝑐.𝑓+𝐹𝑡 )
𝐾×𝑒
•𝑐= 1 1
+
𝐸𝑝 𝐸𝑔

• 𝐾 = 0.107 14.50
• 𝐾 = 0.115 200 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑏
• 𝐾 = 0.111(200 )
Step 7: find out weaker element for gear and pinion, 𝝈𝒃 × 𝒀
Step 8: calculate the beam strength for weaker element
𝐹𝑏 = 𝐹𝑒𝑓 × 𝑓 × 𝑚 × 𝑦
𝐹𝑒𝑓 = 1.75 × 𝐵𝐻𝑁 𝐵𝐻𝑁 < 400
𝐹𝑒𝑓 = 700 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐵𝐻𝑁 ≥ 400
Step 9: calculate wear strength (Fw)
• 𝐹𝑤 = 𝐷𝑝 × 𝑓 × 𝐾𝑤 × 𝑄
2 𝑠𝑖𝑛ϕ 1 1
• 𝐾𝑤 = 𝐹𝑒𝑠 × +
1.4 𝐸𝑝 𝐸𝑔
2𝑍𝑔
• 𝑄 = 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 =
𝑍𝑔 +𝑍𝑝
• 𝐹𝑒𝑠 = 2.8 × 𝐵𝐻𝑁 − 70 𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐵𝐻𝑁
• Check the safe codition, 𝐹𝑤 ≥ 𝐹𝑑
• Step 5: the approximate pinion diameter is determined from selected value of V
and the number of teeth Zg and Zp are found out
• Step 6: exact values for Y are calculated both for pinion and gear
• Step 7: the Lewis equation is solved both for pinion and gear and for each the
value for f determined. The greater value is chosen
• Step 8: the gears are checked and modified if needed by Buckingham’s equation
for dynamic load and for wear to ensure that
𝐹𝑤 ≥ 𝐹𝑑 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐹𝑏 ≥ 𝐹𝑑
Note: sometimes, for guidance sake, the following empirical relation may be used
𝑚 = 0.01 − 0.02 𝐶, 𝐶 = 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
The lower value are taken for more precise and rigid drives
𝑓
And =
𝐶
0.12 𝑡𝑜 0.40, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑖𝑑 𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠
Q.A bronze spur pinion rotating at 600 rpm drives a cast iron spur gear at a transmission
ratio of 4:1. The allowable static stresses for the bronze pinion and cast iron gear are 84
N/mm2 and 105 N/mm2 respectively. The pinion has 16 standard 200 full depth involute
teeth of module 8 mm. the face width of both the gears is 90 mm. find the power that
can be transmitted from the standpoint of strength.
Sol:
Q. A reciprocating compressor is to be connected to an electric motor
with the help of spur gears. The distance between the shafts is to be
500 mm. The speed of the electric motor is 900 rpm and the speed of
the compressor shaft is desired to be 200 rpm. The torque to be
transmitted is 5000 N-m. Taking starting torque as 25% more than the
normal torque, determine: i) Module and face width of the gears using
20 degree stub teeth, and ii) Number of teeth and pitch circle diameter
of each gear. Assume suitable values of velocity factor and Lewis factor.

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