Weeks 1-2

MELC: Investigate the relationship between the angle of release and the height and
range of the projectile.

Pre-Assessment.
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the BEST ANSWER from the given options.
1. Which of the following composed the two linear motions of a projectile?
A. Horizontal and Circular Motion C. Horizontal and Vertical Motion
B. Vertical and Circular Motion D. Vertical and Curvilinear Motion

2. What is referred to as an object that is acted solely upon by gravitational force?

A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory

3. What do you call the path followed by an object under projectile motion?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory

4. How do you describe the trajectory of a projectile?

A. Circular B. Elliptical C. Hyperbola D. Parabola

5. What force keeps an object from reaching the ground?

A. Frictional Force C. Gravitational Force
B.  Magnetic Force D. Tension Force

6. If you throw a baseball straight up, what is its vertical velocity at the highest point?
A. 0 m/s                    B. 9.8 m/s                  C. 0 m/s2        D. -9.8 m/s2

7. What is the acceleration of a baseball as it returns to the ground?

A. 0 m/s                    B. 9.8 m/s                  C. 0 m/s2        D. -9.8 m/s2

8. What happens to the vertical velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
 B. Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

9. What happens to the horizontal velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
  A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
  B. Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

10. If a stone is horizontally launched at a certain height, what will be the vertical velocity as it
reaches the ground?
    A. Cannot be determined C. Gradually increasing
    B. Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same

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 PROJECTILE MOTION
OVERVIEW
From your previous academic years, you’ve learned that the three laws of motion
(Law of Inertia, Law of Acceleration, and Law of Interaction) govern on moving objects
traveling in either two of the straight lines: the horizontal and vertical motions. 
For this lesson, you will learn the definition of projectile motion and the terms that
involves in it. Furthermore we will learn that projectile motion consist of two motions.

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to identify the properties of projectile and projectile
motion.

Specifically, you will be able to:

Define what a projectile and projectile motion is.

What’s New

Which of the three situations is/are more likely to happen in real-life? Explain your
answer below.

In addition, supposed you were able to slow down the time and have seen how a
sepak takraw player kicked the rattan ball. 

What will be your observation as you look into the motion of the ball at a slow pace
time? Is it situation A or situation B.? What do you think would be the explanation?

What is it?

Type 1: Horizontally Launched Projectiles -- Consider the figure below

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 In Figure 1.3, the motion of the man as it dive into the water is moving along a curved
path downwards due to a natural force called gravitational force or gravity. Gravity is the
natural force that causes objects to fall toward the earth. Hence, the acceleration due to
gravity is always directed downwards. With this the motion of the man undergoes projectile
motion.

Projectile motion is a form of motion where an object moves in a curved path. The
object that is thrown or projected and exhibits projectile motion is called projectile. The
curve-like path undertake by a projectile is called trajectory.

Type 2: Angle-Launched Projectiles

Consider the situation below.

Figure 1.4
What is the projectile in Figure 1.4? If you think that the rattan ball is the projectile
then you are right! How do you describe its trajectory? The rattan ball is travelling on a
curved path. In mathematical terms, what do you call this pattern? Try to rearrange the
letters inside the bubbles for you to get the answer. 

Figure 1.5

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 If you get the term parabola, then you were right! An angled-launched projectile
exhibits a full parabolic trajectory motion. This shows that as the player kicked the rattan ball
in the air, the ball will eventually go back to the ground still due to gravity as it moves
horizontally. Hence projectile motion consists of horizontal and vertical motion working
independently. 

Learning Task 1
IA. Identify if the following illustrations are projectile or not. Put a (/) mark if it’s a projectile
and (X) mark if it’s not inside the boxes.

IB. Inside the box are lists of sports/games. Tell whether it exhibits projectile motion or
not. Write your answers on the designated column. 

A VOLLEYBALL A MOTORBIKE A FLIGHT OF A  CAR RACING SMASHING OF

BEING SERVED TAKING OFF ON A SOCCER BALL SHUTTLE COCK
RAMP

100m DASH A BASEBALLHIT BY A DRAGON BOAT SLICE SERVING SHORT COURSE

BAT PADDLING RACE OF THE PING SWIMMING
PONG BALL

PROJECTILE MOTION NON-PROJECTILE MOTION

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 The Horizontal and Vertical Motion of a
Projectile
OVERVIEW
In your previous lesson you already know the basic characteristics of a projectile
motion. Projectile motion is a form of motion where an object (projectile) moves in a curved
path (trajectory).You have also found out th at the motion of a projectile consist of two
motions working independently the horizontal motion (motion along x) and the vertical
motion (motion along y). 

For this lesson, we will explain the horizontal and vertical motions of a projectile.
Since the motions are independent to each other, we will discuss them separately.  

What’s New?

Consider the rider as it takes off from the cliff and the golf ball as it flies into the air
and returns back to the ground.

Guide Questions: Try to answer the following questions and explain the possible reasons in

Figure 2.1 (top) rider taking off from a cliff; (bottom) A golf ball flies into the air and returns back to the ground.

each item. 
1. What do you think is the projectile in situation A?In situation B?
2. What happens to the motion of the rider as it takes off from the cliff?
3. What happens to the vertical motion of the golf ball as it rises in the air (it
increases, it decreases)
4. When the golf ball reaches the maximum height does it momentarily stop or not?
5. When the golf ball returns to the ground the vertical velocity will (increase,
decrease)

What is it?

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 Type I: Horizontally Launched Projectiles

Suppose you roll a marble on a friction less table, observe the motion of the marble
as it goes down the floor. 

Figure 2.2

From Figure 2.2 the motion of the marble is gradually increasing from points A to D.
Due to the presence of gravity accelerating at 9.8 m/s 2this cause the vertical velocity (Vy)to
increase which makes it not constant. 

For the horizontal velocity (Vx), there is no external force acting along the horizontal
motion which means acceleration does not exist (ax = 0), resulting to a constant horizontal
velocity (Vx)

Hence from Figure 2.1, when the rider takes off from the cliff its motion is increasing
due to the presence of gravity which accelerates the rider’s vertical velocity at 9.8 m/s
interval.

Type II: Angle-Launched Projectiles

From the illustration below, discuss the motion of the baseball as it was hit by
a bat. 

Figure 2.3: Motion Diagram of a baseball as it was hit by a bat.

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 For angle-launched projectile, horizontal velocity (Vx) is still constant while the
vertical velocity can be described in three parts. From Figure 2.3, it is observed that as the
projectile rises (point A to B) the vertical velocity (Vy) is decreasing, this is because the
direction of gravity is opposite to the projectile motion. As the projectile reaches the
maximum height (point B) it momentarily stops causing a vertical velocity equal to zero
(Vy = 0). When it returns back to the ground (point B to C) it agrees to the direction of
gravitational force hence vertical velocity is increasing.

So, in Figure 2.1 the vertical velocity of the baseball as it rises to the air decreases
due to the opposing direction of gravity towards its motion. When the baseball reaches the
maximum height, it momentarily stops causing the vertical velocity to be zero. When it
reaches the ground its vertical velocity increases since the direction of the baseball’s motion
is the same with gravity. 

Learning Task 2
2A. Modified True or False. Write TRUE in the space provided if the statement is correct and if it is
false, change the underlined word or phrase to make the statement correct. 

_______1. As the projectile reaches its highest peak, the vertical velocity continuously increases.
_______2. When an object is horizontally launched its motion gradually increases.
_______3. In an angle-launched projectile the vertical velocity remains constant.
_______4. As the projectile reaches the maximum height it momentarily stops.
_______5. The horizontal acceleration (ax) of a projectile is equal to 9.8 m/s2
_______6. The horizontal velocity in horizontally launched projectile is constant. 
_______7. In angle-launched projectile, as the projectile rises its vertical velocity decreases
_______8. The acceleration due to gravity is equal to zero.
_______9. As a projectile reaches to the ground its vertical velocity decreases.
_______10. There is an external force acting on the horizontal motion of a projectile.

2B. Fill in the table below if the quantities are present in either horizontal or vertical motion.

Quantity Horizontal Vertical

Motion Motion

Forces 
(Is it Present? – Yes or No, if present, in what No Yes, downward
direction?)

Acceleration (2 point each)

(Is it Present? – Yes or No, if present, in what
direction?)

Velocity (1 point each)

Is it changing or constant?

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 Learning Task 3
Complete the Diagram.
From the set of quantities involved in projectile motion (height, range, vertical velocity,
horizontal velocity, angle), complete the diagram showing the two types of projectile
launched by writing on the numbers the correct quantity. 

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Assessment: (Post-Test)
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the BEST ANSWER from the given options.

1. What force keeps an object from reaching the ground?

A. Frictional Force C. Gravitational Force                  
B.  Magnetic Force D. Tension Force
2. How do you describe the trajectory of a projectile?
A. Circular B. Elliptical C. Hyperbola D. Parabola
3. Which of the following composed the two linear motions of a projectile.
A. Horizontal and Circular Motion C. Horizontal and Vertical Motion
B. Vertical and Circular Motion D. Vertical and Curvilinear Motion
4. What is referred to as an object that is acted solely upon by gravitational force?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory
5. What do you call the path followed by an object under projectile motion?
A. Project B. Projectile C. Target D. Trajectory
6. What happens to the vertical velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same
7.  What happens to the horizontal velocity of an object as it travels through the air?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B.Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same
8. If you throw a baseball straight up, what is its vertical velocity at the highest point?
A. 0 m/s                    B. 9.8 m/s                  C. 0 m/s2        D. -9.8 m/s2
9. If a stone is horizontally launched at a certain height, what will be the vertical velocity as it
reaches the ground?
A. Changes continuously C. Gradually increasing
B. Gradually decreasing D. Remains the same
10. What is the acceleration of a baseball as it returns to the ground?
A. 0 m/s                    B. 9.8 m/s                  C. 0 m/s2        D. -9.8 m/s2