i

Preface

This English for Scholarship text-book is specifically composed for the internal
use of the teaching-learning of English for the first year students of Salatiga State
Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN Salatiga). This book promotes an approach in
which the four skills of English, i.e speaking, listening, reading, and writing, are
taught in a whole as an integrated skills from chapter-to chapter to follow the
natural process of language acquisition.
This text-book presents all information necessary for first-year students of
IAIN Salatiga to gain knowledge on the life of university students and the
importance of the mastery of English as the most powerful international language
for seeking for study-abroad scholarships. The learning materials in this text-book
are divided into 12 chapters in which a conversational text initiates each of the
chapter. This conversational text is aimed to serve both as scripts for role-plays and
reading material by which students practice speaking and listening first, then
reading and writing for checking their understanding of the chapter and for self-
reflection.
Teachers or the learning facilitators are highly recommended to implement
the lexical approach of learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) to enable
students to enrich their vocabularies and the use those vocabularies to make them
confident speakers of English than the anxious ones worrying much on making
mistakes in terms of grammar.
Please feel free to spot on typos and drawbacks of the first edition of this
book so that the next edition of the book will always become one more perfect.
Thank you.

Salatiga, August 15, 2019

Editor

ii
 Table of Contents

Preface to the First Edition ....................................................................... ii

Table of Contents .................................................................................... iii
Chapter 1: First Year as University Students ............................................... 1
Chapter 2: Salatiga: Mini Indonesia ........................................................... 8
Chapter 3: Ideal Student ......................................................................... 13
Chapter 4: Dreaming of the Future: Overseas Study .................................... 20
Chapter 5: Success Story: Save the Best for Last ........................................ 25
Chapter 6: Internet and Opportunities ....................................................... 31
Chapter 7: Studying Abroad: Why Study Abroad? ....................................... 38
Chapter 8: Applying for Scholarships ......................................................... 46
Chapter 9: Tips for Winning Scholarships ................................................... 52
Chapter 10: Interview for Scholarships ...................................................... 59
Chapter 11: International Students ........................................................... 66
Chapter 12: Getting Back Home ................................................................ 72
References ............................................................................................. 78
Biography of the Authors ......................................................................... 79

iii
 First Year as University Students

University life can be quite different from high schools. Many students find it more
challenging but few cannot cope with the new situation and atmosphere. But for
those who can adapt well, mostly they will succeed in their efforts finishing
university smoothly.

As long as you‘re able to stay on track of the goal at hand, i.e. getting good grades,
keeping a smart schedule and studying like crazy, you‘ll be just fine. In university,
balance is the key. Study a lot, have a little fun. If it sounds pretty great, that‘s
because it absolutely is.

Ahmad : Assalamualaikum! Are you guys new students?

Anis : Waalaikumsalam. Yes we are. Are you a new student as well?
Ahmad : Oh no, this is my 5th semester here at IAIN Salatiga. I saw most of you
look confused. Is there anything I can do for you?
Slamet : We are actually looking for the library. It is supposed to be somewhere
around here, right?
Ahmad : Well, actually you just passed it. It is situated behind that tall tree over
there. You almost get there. It might be because of the leaves cover
the Library sign.
Anis : Oh I see. Thank you for showing us the Library. What is your name by
the way?
Ahmad : That‘s alright. Call me Ahmad.
Slamet : I am Slamet, and she is Anis. It is so nice to meet you mas Ahmad. If
you do not mind let‘s have a little talk. Since we are new students here,
there are a lot of questions in our mind.
Anis : That would be great if you can spare your time, mas Ahmad.

1
Ahmad : Certainly, I have two hours before my next class starts. How about
sitting under the tree in front of the library. It is pretty comfortable.
You can ask me any question.
Amin : I am so excited to study here at IAIN Salatiga. I cannot wait for this
student orientation to end then classes start. What can I prepare to get
the most benefits during my study time here?
Ahmad : At the moment, two words come to my mind, those are ―independence
and diligence‖. In the university you have to be independent and
diligent. Many things are different from high schools. When I was in
high school, my teachers paid a lot of attention to our attendance, gave
advices and checked my homework regularly. They made sure that the
students were on the right track. While here in the university, we
cannot rely on other people to remind us to study or to do homework or
even to wake up early for our morning class. Your friends will be busy
with their own stuff. Your lecturer will not remind you all the time about
your duty as a student. They may do that, but in most cases, they will
do it only once or twice, and they will leave it up to you. So of course
you need to be more independent and more diligent.
Anis : That makes sense. How long do you study independently mas Ahmad?
Ahmad : I personally study by my own at home around two hours a day plus
another hour to do my homework, assignments or just reading books.
Slamet : That‘s less than my study time. I used to study three to five hours
every day when I was in high school.
Ahmad : That‘s good for you. You know what, if you can keep your study habit
that way, you‘ll easily be the most remarkable student in your class.
Because What I have observed, my friends and most students study
less than two hours per day. In my opinion, keeping a good standing is
easy if you can just be a bit more diligent that the average students.
Study regularly, hand in your homework or assignments on time and
prepare yourself well for the exams will makes a lot of difference. In
the end, you want graduate with the best achievement you can make.
Anis : Hearing this makes me excited to study hard.
Slamet : I am considering myself as a diligent person, so I guess, it will be easy.
Ahmad : I‘m happy to hear that. Just keep the balance between your study time
and socialization. Sometimes when we feel bored, having some friends
to hang out with, to talk to, to do stuff together, to study or discuss
difficulties found in the classroom, will enrich our time in university life.
If I were you, I would prepare my best since the first year in the

2
 university, because four years will seem so fast. Of course we do not
want to waste our precious university time.
Slamet : What a great advice from you mas Ahmad. It is absolutely useful for
us. Could we have your cell phone number? So that we can contact you
again next time.
Ahmad : Sure, here is my number (while writing on a piece of paper). You could
always contact me anytime, Slamet and Anis.
Anis : Thanks a lot mas Ahmad. We will.
Slamet : Yes, hopefully we can always remain in touch mas Ahmad. It is so nice
to see you and have a conversation with you. Thank you for your time.
We have to go to the Library now. See you mas Ahmad.
Ahmad : Do not mention it. It‘s my pleasure to have a talk with you guys. See
you around the campus. Assalamualaikum.
Anis : See you later mas Ahmad. Waalaikumsalam.

A. Text Comprehension
1. Where did the conversation take place?
2. Who was Ahmad?
3. What problem did Anis and Slamet have in the story?
4. Why did Anis and Slamet involve Ahmad in their conversation?
5. How does it make you feel as a first-year student?
6. Has anything like this happened to you?
7. What is your plan to get the most benefit during your study time at IAIN
Salatiga?

B. Collocations and Idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. Cope with: to face and deal with responsibilities, problems, or difficulties,
especially successfully or in a calm or adequate manner.
Example:
 Many students find it more challenging but few cannot cope with the new
situation and atmosphere.
 After his failure he couldn't cope with it any longer.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Succeed in: to achieve something that you planned to do or attempted to do.

Example:
 But for those who can adapt well, mostly they will succeed in their efforts
finishing university smoothly.

3
  We finally succeeded in getting Marjorie up the stairs.)
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Look for: attempt to find.

Example:
 We are actually looking for the library.
 They have been looking for you
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Supposed to: Intended to; also, believed to, expected to.

Example:
 It is supposed to be somewhere around here, right?
 This pill is supposed to relieve your pain, or you‟re supposed to be the
leader.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Leave something up to someone: to show or describe some but not all of

something, because people can easily imagine what the rest is like.
Example:
 They may do that, but in most cases, they will do it only once or twice, and
they will leave it up to you.
 You have grown up now, so I’ll leave it up to you.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Rely on: put trust in with confidence.

Example:
 We cannot rely on other people to remind us to study.
 He is someone you can really rely on when times get rough.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Hang out: Spending time with someone in the context of friendship. Example:
 Sometimes when we feel bored, having some friends to hang out with will
enrich our time in university life.
 We should hang out some time.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. In touch: to maintain communications with someone; to maintain up-to-date

knowledge about someone or something.
Example:

4
  Hopefully we can always remain in touch mas Ahmad.
 After my neighbor moved, we still remained in touch.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices: Plan and Counterplan

Here are some phrases you can use to express plan and counterplan:
● Why don‟t you …
● You could always …
● If I were you, I‟d …
● Why not …
● How about …
● Try … ing.

Task 1:
Work in pairs as 2 friends who want to go from one place to another. Use the
phrases from the list above to make suggestion of how to get to the destination.

Task 2:
Make your own 10 sentences using the phrases above.

5
D. Grammar Focus: Degrees of Comparison
Pattern:

Comparative Superlative
Degree/Condition Positive
Pattern Samples Pattern Samples

Consist of 1 syllable Old Adjective + -er Older the Adjective the oldest
Young Younger + -est the
tall Taller Youngest
the tallest

Ends with -y Heavy Adjective (omit Heavier the Adjective the

Friendly the –y) + -ier Friendlier (omit the –y) heaviest
naughty naughtier + -iest the
Friendliest
the
naughtiest

There is a vocal Thin Adjective Thinner the Adjective the

between Slim (Double the Slimmer (double the thinners
consonants big last consonant) bigger last the
+ -er consonant) slimmest
+ -est the biggest

Consist of 2 or Interesting More + More the most + The most

more syllables Energetic adjective interesting adjective interesting
creative More energetic The most
More creative energetic
The most
creative

irregular Good - Better The - The best

Bad Worse The worst
far Further/farther The
furthest/
The farthest

Online Resources:
http://www.weblearn.in/degrees_of_comparison/
http://www.english-for-students.com/Degrees-of-Comparison.html

6
TASK 1: Look at the picture! Read and explain!

Task 2: Complete the following sentences using the appropriate form of

the adjective.

1. Anis is … than her sister.

a. pretty b. prettier c. prettiest
2. Ahmad is a … boy.
a. nice b. nicer c. nicest
3. Endhang is the … girl in the class.
a. intelligent b. more intelligent c. most intelligent
4. Slamet speaks English …
a. well b. better c. best
5. Russia is the … country in the world.
a. big b. bigger c. biggest
6. China is a … country.
a. big b. bigger c. biggest
7. China is … than India.
a. big b. bigger c. biggest
8. This is the … book I have ever read.
a. interesting b. more interesting c. most interesting
9. I am … than you.
a. smart b. smarter c. smartest
10. Take the … of the two routes.
a. short b. shorter c. shortest

7
 Salatiga: Mini Indonesia

Salatiga is a small city among the crowd of thousand islands in Indonesia. Despite
the size, there are many interesting stories which may invite people to have a visit.

Ahmad : In my opinion, Salatiga is a special city. Do you know why?

Anis : I think that it is all about your childhood life.
Ahmad : That is wrong, not the answer! Take a deep breath and try to think!
Anis : Hey, I have something come across in my mind! The weather, right!
Compared to my city, the weather is cooler.
Ahmad : You get me Anis! It is true that Salatiga is a cool city.
Anis : I guess it is because Salatiga lies at the altitudes of 450-825 meters
height above the sea level that makes the city has tropical weather,
cool and fresh air.
Ahmad : How do you know that?
Anis : Google haha… One more thing! Geographically, the city is located
between 1100.27′ 56.81″ – 1100.32′ 4.64″ east longitude and
0070.17′. – 0070.17′.23″ south latitude. Morphologically, the city
settles at the valley surrounded by Merbabu Mountain and other
smaller mountains such as Gajah Mungkur, Telomoyo, dan Payung
Rong.
Ahmad : What a surprise!
Anis : What is so special about Salatiga?
Ahmad : Some people mention it as a Mountain View city.
Anis : What else?
Ahmad : It is a small city and is geographically located in the middle of
Semarang Regency. In the northern, the city shares the border line
with Pabelan district. Meanwhile, the east border line is shared with

8
 Tengaran district. The south one is shared with Tengaran and Getasan
district. At last, in the western, Salatiga shares the border line with
Tuntang district.
Anis : How can we define Salatiga a small city?
Ahmad : It is quite simple. You can travel from a border to another one only in
15 minutes.
Anis : I see.
Ahmad : The next thing about Salatiga is the surface contour. 65% of Salatiga
areas are wavy including the area of Dukuh, Ledok, Kutowinangun,
Salatiga, Sidorejo Lor, Bugel, Kumpulrejo and Kauman Kidul. Twenty
five percent of it is slope and the rest (10%) is flat. The various
geographical condition make this city well known as a beautiful region.
Anis : What about the diversity of religions. Once, I have heard that Salatiga
becomes a pioneer of Indonesia diversity model.
Ahmad : Salatiga is a vastly multicultural city that represents Indonesian life.
The total population is 177.088 people in which 78% of the population
is Muslim, 17% is Protestant, 5% is Catholic and the rest are Hindu,
Buddhist and Javanese belief (Kejawen). Salatiga is sort of unity in
diversity. That is why we should respect each other.
Anis : Do you recommend people to study at IAIN Salatiga?
Ahmad : Despite the conducive environment and delicate weather, we have
great university and academy such as IAIN Salatiga, the Satya Wacana
Christian University (SWCU), STIA AMA, AKBID Bakti Nusantara, AKBID
Ar Rum. If you want to get affordable education, IAIN Salatiga is the
solution. The reason is that it is the only state college in the region.
Anis : Does it have mass transportation?
Ahmad : We have ‗Angkot‘ with different lanes.
Anis : I get it. How can I explain people to get to the IAIN Salatiga?
Ahmad : It is very easy. Salatiga is positioned in the main road of Semarang-
Boyolali-Solo. It takes 1.5 hour ride from Ahmad Yani Semarang
Airport, 1 hour ride from Adisumarmo Solo Airport and 2 hour ride from
Adi Sucipto Yogyakarta airport. Large buses and minibuses are
available 24 hours, 7 days a week, including Raya, Ismo, Esto, Sari,
Safari, Putra Palagan, Mulyo Indah, Rajawali, Sumber Kencono,
Sawojajar, Santika. In addition, Solo – Jakarta buses via north coast of
Java pass through this town.
Anis : How is the city access?
Ahmad : IAIN Salatiga is easy to reach as it is in the city center. It is exactly
side by side with the Salatiga roundabout. It is also surrounded by

9
 some buildings such as Darul Amal Mosque, the police station, Samsat
(One Roof System Administration) office, the Mayor‘s building,
hospitals, football stadium and other governmental buildings. Anyone
can reach IAIN Salatiga by motorcycles, cars or public transportation.
Anis : You describe the city interestingly. Thank you.

A. Text Comprehension
1. How is the weather in Salatiga?
2. What are the special things about Salatiga?
3. What does Anis probably do to find the detailed information about Salatiga?
4. What affects the weather in a certain area?
5. What is your first impression about Salatiga?
6. Does your city have similar access to Salatiga?
7. Will the Salatiga characteristics invite students to study?
8. What is the lesson learned of multicultural life in Salatiga?
9. How will you describe Salatiga to invite your friends to have a visit?
10. What will you do to maintain the characteristics of Salatiga?

B. Collocations and Idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences.
1. Take a deep breath: to pause something.
Example:
● That is wrong, not the answer! Take a deep breath and try to think!
● Please take a deep breath to lose your temper!
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Come across: to meet or find by chance.

Example:
● I have something come across in my mind.
● I came across these old photos when I was tidying the closet.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Mountain view: the view dominated by mountains.

Example:
● Some people mention Salatiga as a mountain view city.
● Mountain view is the most interesting part of the uptown trip.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Roundabout: circuitous or devious.

10
 Example:
● IAIN Salatiga is exactly side by side with the Salatiga roundabout.
● Took a roundabout route because the bridge was closed.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices:
1. Learn the expression to show how surprised you are.
● Really?
● What?
● What a surprise!
● You're kidding!
● I don't believe it!
● Are you serious?
2. Practice in your own sentences: identify and discuss various characteristics of
your cities.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Practice in your own sentences: explain the characteristics of your cities.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

D. Grammar Focus: Preposition

1. Find any prepositions in the text.
2. Learn and pronounce the 25 mostly used preposition: of, in, to, for, with, on,
at, from, by, about, as, into, like, through, after, over, between, out, against,
during, without, before, under, around, among.

11
 3. Learn the preposition from the picture.

4. Locate the spray, bracelet, pencils, pumpkin, cassette, rattles, bear,

raspberries, corn, and dynamite based on the following picture.

Online Resources:
http://goo.gl/Wxfdwf

12
 Ideal Students

People might have different opinions when it comes to talking about the definition of
an ideal student. As a matter of fact, it is not easy to agree on which criteria that a
student can be considered ideal. For a pragmatic-type of teacher, an ideal student
might be thought of the one who can meet the academic standards. In the society,
an ideal student might be seen as the one who can be the most useful for his
surroundings. Even each of you, the readers of this article, might also have your
own opinions of what it takes to be an ideal student. Despite these various
perspectives, there must also be an assumption that general characteristics of an
ideal student do exist. The following conversation offers unique perspectives of what
an ideal student might look like.

Ahmad : Hi guys, how was your class this morning?

Slamet : My class was fine. I had a mid-test on Structure 3 and I think I did very
well. I am pretty sure that I will get at least 90 on this mid-test.
Ahmad : Glad to hear that, Slamet! What about you Anis? How was your class?
Anis : Huft! Not so much as I expected. Professor Zuhri gave me an extra
assignment because I was late to the class. He wanted me to make a
presentation about what an ideal student is. I don‘t really like this
assignment! You know I am always irritated when everybody talks
about being a good student and they measure it by how good your
grades are. For me, it is so bias when students only care about their
grades but neglect how well they really learn. Not to mention that my
professor seems to only care to students who come to the class on
time, and he always gives an extra assignment to those who are late.
This is so unfair!

13
Slamet : Wait a minute, Anis! I think Professor Zuhri has a point. Don‘t you think
he gives you an extra assignment because he cares about you? I think
he just wants to discipline you. He just wants you to be his ideal
student.
Anis : Care about me? His ideal student? Seriously? I don‘t want him to
decide whether I am ideal or not. I want to decide myself what it is to
be an ideal student.
Slamet : But…
Ahmad : Alright guys, knock it off! It is endless if you are arguing like this. Why
don‘t you guys keep your head cool? And let‘s have a fruitful discussion
so that the outcomes can help Anis compose her presentation.
Anis : Yes, I agree with that. I am sorry Slamet. I got a little carried away
with my frustration in the class.
Slamet : It is okay, Anis. Sometimes that happens to me too.
Ahmad : Ok then I will start. In my opinion, an ideal student holds all that is
good and noble. His qualities are not only determined by what is inside
his head but also inside his heart. In other words, he is not only smart
but also kind and humble. We must not forget an old wisdom in our
culture that knowledge is like a stalk of rice, where it will bent down as
the seed gets heavier. In addition, it is socially and religiously
encouraged that an ideal student should be the light for his
surroundings, which means that a student should be capable of
bringing benefits to his society through the knowledge he has gained.
Surely, a student with all of these qualities will be loved by teachers,
parents, friends, and people around him. That is my definition of an
ideal student. So, what is your definition of an ideal student, Slamet?
Slamet : Wow! I like your definition, Ahmad! That is so beautiful! I think I have a
similar definition with yours but with an additional emphasis. If your
understanding of an ideal student focuses on the virtue of brain and
heart, I will add that an ideal student should also maintain his
performance and physical development. For me, performance is a very
essential element because a good student becomes a model for his
friends. We all can agree that a good model should show good
performances, right? Thus, despite just having a pretty brain and heart,
an ideal student can be more beneficial if his good behaviors and
proper attitudes can be the examples for his surroundings. Speaking
about physical development, an ideal student should take regular
exercises. He should not be just a book-worm. He goes to playgrounds
and takes active parts in games in order to keep his body fit. He should

14
 also promote healthy life-styles such as consuming healthy food,
keeping personal hygiene, and balancing time between studying,
exercising, socializing, and resting. I am fully aware that all of these
qualities cannot be accomplished without determination and discipline.
That is why I somehow agree with Anis‘ professor in giving her an extra
assignment. I see it as a proper way to discipline her. Right Anis?
Anis : Alright, alright! I understand. But I have my own perspective in seeing
a student to be ideal.
Slamet : So, what is it, Anis? How do you see a student to be ideal?
Anis : For me, the definition of an ideal student is beyond brain, heart, and
physical appearance. An ideal student is the one with idealism. He must
clearly know whatever he is doing and be responsible for that. He
knows what he wants, not because he just follows what others do, but
he knows exactly the values and consequences of what he is doing. For
instance, an ideal student will study really hard to master the subject
he is studying, not to merely get a satisfying grade. In Professor Zuhri‘s
class, I am determined to study hard because I really want to grasp the
fruit of the knowledge of the subject he is teaching. Today I was late
because I did not have enough sleep last night. I work on an
assignment from the Statistics class until 4 a.m. I was a little bit cranky
when I went to his class this morning, and the extra assignment made
it worse.
Ahmad : Ah! Now I see the reason why you look so moody. Well, as I said, you
can still take the bright side of our conversation. If you want, you can
just list all the qualities of an ideal student we have just talked about
for your presentation. You can also add some empirical evidences of
the qualities of an ideal student from scholarly articles. I think the
Journal of Education and Behavior can be a good start to find articles
that fit with your topic.
Anis : Thank you, guys! Both of you are indeed good friends. I really enjoyed
our conversation. I am very determined to excel this assignment! Haha
Slamet : Here we go, girl!

A. Text Comprehension
1. Who argued to each other in the conversation?
2. ―In Professor Zuhri‘s class, I am determined to study hard because I really
want to grasp the fruit of the knowledge of the subject he is teaching.‖ The
word ‗he’ refers to…
3. What made Anis upset?

15
 4. Why did Anis not like her professor?
5. Why did Slamet agree with Anis‘ professor?
6. What did Ahmad suggest to Anis and Slamet?
7. How do you conclude the characteristics of an ideal student according to
Anis‘ opinion?
8. How do you contrast Ahmad‘s and Slamet‘s definitions about an ideal
student?
9. Which definitions of an ideal student do you agree the most? Why?
10. What is your own definition about an ideal student?

B. Collocations and Idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them
in your own sentences
1. Glad to hear: happy for someone‘s good fortune.
Example:
● Glad to hear that, Slamet!
● I am very glad to hear that you made it home safely.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Wait a minute: to stop something.

Example:
● Wait a minute, Anis! I think Professor Zuhri has a point.
● Wait a minute! I think I just made a mistake.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Knock it off: ask someone to stop or to put down a conflict.

Example:
● Alright guys, knock it off!
● Knock it off! I have enough listening to your complain.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Fruitful discussion: discussion which results in meaningful outputs.

Example:
● And let‟s have a fruitful discussion so that the outcomes can help Anis
compose her presentation.
● I am so happy to talk with you. We are really having a fruitful
discussion.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Keep someone‘s head cool: to control emotion or to calm down.

16
 Example:
● Why don‟t you guys keep your head cool?
● We have to keep our heads cool in order to solve this problem.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Get carried away: to lose control of someone‘s clear mind because of a

certain situation or to forget.
Example:
● I got a little carried away with my frustration in the class.
● I was so busy that I got carried away with my work and forgot about
my family.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Take the bright side of: to learn from events occurred.

Example:
● Well, as I said, you can still take the bright side of our conversation.
● I failed the test, but I can still take the bright side of it.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices: How to Express Personal Opinions

There are certain ways to express personal opinions verbally in English. The text
above contains some examples of asking and giving personal opinions:
1. In my opinion, an ideal student holds all that is good and noble.
2. What is your definition (what is your opinion about…?) of an ideal
student, Slamet?
3. I think I have a similar definition with yours but with an additional
emphasis.
4. For me, performance is a very essential element because a good student
becomes a model for his friends.
5. How do you see (what do you think of…?) a student to be ideal?
6. I think the Journal of Education and Behavior can be a good start to find
the articles that fit with your topic.
There are other phrases used to express personal opinions such as:
1. I personally believe…
2. I personally think…
3. I personally feel…
4. To my mind, …
5. In your opinion, how/what/who/when/which…?

17
 Task. Work in pairs and use the phrases above to ask and give personal
opinions. Use the situations below to ask and give opinions:
1. There are university students who are activists and are brave to voice their
opinions against the authority. However, their academic achievements are
below the expectation and many of them spend their time at the university
longer than usual.
2. Minimarkets are growing rapidly everywhere. People like to shop in
minimarkets because they can find whatever they need there. Minimarkets
are also clean and open 24-hour. However, local markets are suffering from
the growth of minimarkets. They start to lose their business because many
of their customers switch to minimarkets.
3. The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and The Police are working
hand-by-hand to annihilate corruption in Indonesia. However, these two law
enforcement institutions very often dissent to each other. It seems that
these institutions cannot get along well.
4. The government claims that the economic growth follows a positive trend.
One of the indications is people‘s shopping ability has increased over the
years. However, the Center for Statistics Agency (BPS) reports that the
number of lower-class people also increases.
5. Islam is said to be a peaceful religion. Islam encourages toleration, respect,
and cooperation. However, Islam is also addressed for violation and
terrorism. Many non Moslem are being suspicious with Islam.

D. Grammar Focus: Predicate and Verbs

Sentences comprises of clauses. Clauses are formed by putting words and
phrases in the correct order. In the simplest form, a clause consists of a subject
and a predicate. Subjects are always in the form of nouns, and predicates are
always in the form of verbs. This lesson focuses on verbs. Verbs are words that
express actions (doing) e.g. swim, drink, kick, throw, pick, etc.
The types of verbs are:
1. Intransitive Verbs, which are verbs that are NOT followed by a direct object.
e.g.
a. I went to his class this morning.
b. The plane flies so high.
2. Transitive Verbs are verbs followed by a direct object.
e.g.
a. Professor Zuhri gave me an extra assignment.
b. I drink eight glasses of water every day.
3. Linking Verbs are verbs that link a subject and a complement.

18
 e.g.
a. My professor seems to only care to students who come to the class on
time.
b. Anis looks very beautiful tonight.
4. To Be Verbs, which are manifested in eight forms: be, is, am, are, was,
were, been, being.
e.g.
a. It is endless if you are arguing like this.
b. This is a new laptop.

Task. Choose the correct answer!

1. The director told the actor, ―Do your best, and we‘ll be a hit.‖
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
2. The thief disappeared in the dark.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
3. The vegetarian burger tastes like salted cardboard.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
4. Jamal became impatient knowing that the process took longer than he
thought.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
5. Susi is hiding behind the white wall.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
6. Our teacher gave each of us another chance to take the exam.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
7. Rina looks great today.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
8. Frustrated with the official‘s call, Rob kicked the bench.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
9. I am so happy because Tina smiled at me this morning.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb
10. After completing the first task, all participants will have the next
instruction.
a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb

Online Resources:
http://www.englishgrammar.org/
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/
http://www.usingenglish.com/handouts/
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar

19
 Dreaming of the Future: Overseas Study

Most people think that overseas study is a daydream. At the first place, I will say
―we are on the same boat‖ or ―I could not agree more.‖ It is impossible because we
always focus on the issues. Then, the few things directly coming up in our mind will
always be related to our incapability such as ―I am flat broke, I am not good
enough, I am not well prepared yet, or I just can‘t.‖ What on earth! If we focus on
our drawbacks, we will always be a loser. On the other hand, the good news is that
study overseas is challenging, full of surprise, filled with unexpected experience,
and many additional values. So make up your mind!

Endang : I am mostly unconfident when I am looking back to my life. Is that

normal?
Ahmad : I think so. Once, I was in your condition. To your knowledge, I come
from low class family. Fortunately, I can continue my study until senior
high with the help of my elementary teacher. At that time, he
supported my school fee but it stopped when I graduated from senior
high. From that time on, I had everything on my own including my
dream to study further.
Endang : I am so sorry to hear that. I am just curious how you keep your chin up
regarding that condition.

20
Ahmad : Well, wise word says ‗future belongs to the one with visions‘. My
environment is in the nuance of factories and labors. People do not
consider education as something in need including my childhood
friends. Most of them only thought about how to pass the national
exam and directly apply for jobs in factory. Money, of course, was the
seduction that halted their dream to have further education. What for
they must have it if they could get money with elementary, senior high,
or vocational certificate. In fact, all of them have something in
common. They did not think or even never thought about higher
education that might elevate their life more.
Endang : Has something come across to your mind to cope with that?
Ahmad : Yes of course. I imagined what could improve and developed our life
quality. Was it a big amount of money, power, politic, or what?
Eventually, there was something that flared up in my mind. Knowledge
and education were the answer. From that point, I decided to have
further and higher education. I will have my under and post-graduate if
God give me mercy and blessing. This decision will be a game changer
for my future.
Endang : I may have thought about that sometime, but I am just not really
certain with myself. It is difficult to be decisive.
Ahmad : That is absolutely right Endang. It is difficult to make up our mind. We
need to consider lots of things. However, I try to simplify things such as
focusing only on my dream. I am only thinking about my dream to
continue my postgraduate overseas after finishing my undergraduate. I
do not care about the hindrance that I may have during the process.
Endang : Why should you study overseas?
Ahmad : If I study overseas, I may have different knowledge and experience
than ones who study in in-country universities.
Endang : That is a good point. If it is possible, I will study in Australia. What do
you think?
Ahmad : I have the same thought though! I conclude myself to have my post-
graduate in Australia. Do you know the reason why? The first reason is
that Australia is quite near to Indonesia. By the way, this is my initial
and naive reason. Nevertheless, the most prominent reason is the
inviting Sydney Opera House. I will visit it sometime if I have a chance
to study in Australia. That is my biggest dream at the moment. As
preliminary preparation, I must have at least 3 GPA to pass my under-
graduate. If I really dream about it, I will fight for it. Well, what is your
dream of the future?

21
Endang : Let me think about it and discuss later. Is it a problem?
Ahmad : Help yourself, take your time

A. Text Comprehension
1. What will people say about overseas study?
2. Why is overseas study impossible?
3. What do people have something in common based on the text?
4. What do most people pursue after graduation?
5. Does education remind you to something?
6. What do you think about studying overseas?
7. What do you learn from making decision in the text?
8. What is the correlation between education and life?
9. Does study overseas relate to your future dream?
10. What will you prepare for your future dream?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences.
1. We are on the same boat: having the same idea.
Example:
● At the first place, I will say “we are on the same boat.”
● We are on the same boat about the strategy in reading the book.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. I couldn‘t agree more: agreeing on something.

● Your idea is perfect, I couldn’t agree more about that.
● I couldn’t agree more about the conclusion of your paper.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Come up in our mind: appear or rise.

● The few things directly come up in our mind.
● The submission deadline is in this week but there is no more ideas come
up in my mind to finish the assignment.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Make up: able to decide something.

● You must enroll to one of universities due to the deadline. So make up
your mind.
● You must make up your mind to move on your life.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

22
 5. Flat broke: having no money at all.
● I am always flat broke at the end of the month.
● We will be flat broke due to improper financial management.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Keep your chin up: raise the spirit and motivation.

● I am just curious how you keep your chin up regarding that condition.
● Chin up and move forward are our motto.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Help yourself: taking the action independently.

● If you need more snacks in the refrigerator, please help yourself.
● Help yourself with the paper when you need to print something.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Take your time: go slowly, not hurry, be leisurely, and proceed in a leisurely
fashion.
● I take my time watching soap opera.
● People take their time during the weekend to get relax.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

9. A game changer: an event, idea, or procedure that affects a significant shift

in the current way of doing or thinking about something.
● This decision will be a game changer for my future.
● Your book is a game changer for my life.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices:
1. How to express sympathy and condolences
● I'm sorry to hear about ...
e.g. I am so sorry to hear about your father health lately.
● Please accept my condolences (used when someone close to another has
died).
e.g. I heard that you have lost your mother. Please accept my
condolences.
● That's so sad.
e.g. That is so sad hearing about Tim's problems. He has been having a
lot of troubles lately.
● I hope things get better soon.

23
 e.g. Endang has been rather sick lately. I hope she get better soon.

2. Practices in your own sentences

● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

D. Grammar Focus
1. Find and identify the conditional sentences in the text above
2. Pattern

Possible Condition

● If I study hard, I will get a good mark This condition refers either to present
or to future time

Impossible Condition

● If I studied hard, I would get a good We are talking about the present, now
mark

Unreal Condition

● If I had studied hard, I would have We are talking about a situation in the
gotten a good mark past

3. What conditional sentences did you find?

4. Describe the picture by using conditional sentences

Online Resources
● https://goo.gl/VJkN6Y

24
 Success Story: Save the Best for Last

The moment of truth is that God sometimes saves the best moment of our life in
the last minute and critical time. When we are desperate and lay down at the end of
the road, the help comes over. In fact, the success story always reveals misery,
sadness, complexity, and dilemma. But then, the rainbow is rising at the end of the
road and brings happiness. At last, the bad things seem shed and evaporating.

Ahmad : Hi, Slamet, how is everything? Do you have something to share about
your success story?
Slamet : Nope. I am not really sure because there is not much happening in life.
If you have one, please tell me.
Ahmad : All right, I will tell you about how I can cope with all the obstacles in
my undergraduate study. Is it something interesting for you?
Slamet : I am a newcomer at university. So that, your story will aspire me to be
aware before the lectures are commencing.
Ahmad : Well, that is fair enough. My story is about my struggle in pursuing part
time jobs and business to initiate my undergraduate study. I find IAIN
Salatiga as the most possible university to study in terms of admission
and distance. To your knowledge, IAIN Salatiga is a developing
university. However, it is not my concern at all. I believe that learning

25
 motivation is more important than university accreditation. My inner
voice once said that IAIN Salatiga is the tip culmination of my searching
and God guides me to settle my anchor in this university. All in all, I
take it for granted. I start my study diligently, work hard, and manage
my time well.
Slamet : So do I, Ahmad. I believe that being diligent, hard worker, manageable
are the keys of our success. I am also thinking about targeting minimal
GPA every semester. Is it ok to have more pressure in order to
succeed?
Ahmad : As long as you can handle your emotion and time management, you
can have more pressure. Initially, everything must be arranged
appropriately. At that time, 3.5 GPA was the goal to graduate from the
university. You know why? The grade is the requirement to apply
scholarship. For the consequence, I have to pass every semester with
3.5 GPA. Therefore, everything must be carefully taken. To the best of
my knowledge, I must totally take 156 credits to graduate. It means
that I should take 20 credits each semester so that I can reach the
total credits in semester 8.
Slamet : I think you are a book worm based on your grades
Ahmad : Come on! That cannot be true. Besides my study, I still handle my part
time jobs, organization, and business respectively.
Slamet : What a surprise! How can you do that? I want to have them too but I
just do know how to manage my time.
Ahmad : Every semester, I successfully reach 3.5 GPA while doing other
activities mentioned above. I am capable to continuously maintain my
performance. Even, I can have more pressure by actively participate in
CEC (Communicative English Class) as the secretary in the 3rd
semester and the chief in the 5th semester. I can run everything well
without losing my grade. By this time, I may say that this is the best
thing in my life. It is not about the level, size, or impact. It is about
what goal you have, how to chunk it into smallest parts, and orderly
execute the action one by one. At last, we come out with the result, our
goal.
Slamet : I badly want it, may I imitate your method?
Ahmad : Off you go!

A. Text Comprehension
1. What are the heartbreaking feeling behind a success story?
2. What is the story about?

26
 3. What should we do to succeed based on the text?
4. How to manage the credits during studying in the university?
5. Why must we have good GPA?
6. What will you feel if you get good GPA?
7. What do you think about studying, joining organization, and working during
your study?
8. How did the author handle the pressure?
9. How will you manage your time when the class commence?
10. What will you do with the method of the author during his study in
university?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. Save the best for last: get what you love best in the last minute.
Example:
● God saves the best moment of our life in the last minute and critical
time.
● I like to eat the drum-stick after the rice and soup. Save the best for
the last!
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Comes over: to approach something

Example:
● When we are desperate and lay down at the end of the road, the help
comes over.
● Please come over to my house this late afternoon and have a cup of tea.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. The rainbow is rising at the end of the road: good condition will embrace
after bad condition.
Example:
● The rainbow is rising at the end of the road and brings happiness.
● When you get down, you must remember this saying „The rainbow is
rising at the end of the road‟.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Newcomer: new people in a community.

Example:
● I am a newcomer at university.

27
 ● Newcomer students need to learn about the surrounding environment.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. To people knowledge: to inform people.

Example
● To your knowledge, IAIN Salatiga is a developing university.
● It is to people knowledge that Indonesians prefer rice than bread.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Take it for granted: to gratefully accept anything we have at the moment

● I take IAIN Salatiga for granted as the place of my study.
● Allah will always bestow us if we take everything for granted.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices
1. Giving signals of time and sequence to make action in orders

Next Soon Then Later Finally After a few

days

After Afterward Now Immediately While After a short

time

First Second And so on In the past Meanwhile In the

meantime

Since At length At last Of late Thereupon Thereafter

Presently

● First you need to boil 200 cc of water before putting the noodle.
● Then, you mix the flavor and the noodle
● Finally, you may pour the noodle into the bowl and serve it on the table

2. Practice in your own sentence

● How to fry an egg.
● How to serve a juice.
● How to tie your shoes.

D. Grammar Focus: Reported Speech

28
 1. Pattern

Tense Direct Speech Reported Speech

present ―I like ice cream‖ She said (that) she liked ice cream.
simple

present ―I am living in She said (that) she was living in London.

continuous London‖

past simple ―I bought a car‖ She said (that) she had bought a car OR She
said (that) she bought a car.

past ―I was walking along She said (that) she had been walking along
continuous the street‖ the street.

present ―I haven't seen She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie.
perfect Julie‖

past perfect* ―I had taken English She said (that) she had taken English lessons
lessons before‖ before.

will ―I'll see you later‖ She said (that) she would see me later.

would ―I would help, but..‖ She said (that) she would help but...

can ―I can speak perfect She said (that) she could speak perfect
English‖ English.

could ―I could swim when She said (that) she could swim when she was
I was four‖ four.

shall ―I shall come later‖ She said (that) she would come later.

should ―I should call my She said (that) she should call her mother
mother‖

might "I might be late" She said (that) she might be late

must "I must study at the She said (that) she must study at the
weekend" weekend OR She said she had to study at the
weekend

2. Change the direct speech into reported speech

29
 ● They will do it today.
● They arrive this morning.
● I will not come tomorrow.
● I was in the garden yesterday.
● I went to Bali last week.
● She is going to Bali next week.
● I am a nurse.
● I have not read it.
● I can speak French.
● I must go now.

Online Resource:
http://goo.gl/w62AgA

30
 Internet and Opportunities

Internet is one of the most amazing inventions in the history of human life. The
history of the Internet began with the development of electronic computers in the
1950s and has improved from time to time. Internet becomes more and more
sophisticated and user-friendly as the day goes by.

At present, the users of internet is still growing more and more in line with the
increasing of population and the access of internet more easily than before. Easier
because we can access the internet not from only personal computer desktop with
the cable internet network, but nowadays it can be access with laptops, mobile
phones, tablets, etc.

People use internet in various ways such as to learn, to gather information, to make
friends, to social network, and many others. We can spot many opportunities over
the internet. As students for instance, they can use it to help them make essays,
fulfill assignments, prepare for a classroom presentation, get more resources online,
back up their offline files, learn new languages, learn new skills, interact with
friends and even people from around the globe, search for scholarship, look for job
vacancies, and the list goes on and on. It is sometimes the limit is only their
imagination.

Anis : Assalamuaikum everyone. What are you guys doing?

Ahmad : Waalaikumsalam Aisyah. We are preparing our grammar class
presentation for later today‘s class.
Anis : Oh I see. Are you using PowerPoint to present your material?
Slamet : No, we are not using it Aisyah. We are using something else. Currently
we are using Prezi. Ahmad showed me this nice application. It is a web

31
 based tool to enhance our presentation material to be super awesome.
We realize that the material is pretty much simple, so we are working
on improving the presentation delivery to other classroom members.
Take a look Aisyah! What do you think?
Anis : Wow that is totally amazing! I have never seen it before. It looks
sophisticated with that 3D animation. How much do you pay to create
that presentation?
Ahmad : Oh, it is free. It does not cost us anything. Well you can pay to get
more features of the application. But it is enough to create a good one
for free. Just go to Prezi.com and make your own. Whenever I need to
make a presentation, I create it using this web based software.
Anis : It‘s good to know. Thanks Ahmad. I think that looks simple to learn. I‘ll
try to check it out tonight. May be I can use it for my next classroom
presentation. Normally I just use the internet for chatting,
communicating, and expanding my social network using Facebook,
Twitter, Path, Instagram, Google Plus and LinkedIn. I‘m happy to know
more of how I can use internet.
Ahmad : No problem Aisyah. Just let us know if you find any difficulty.
Slamet : Btw guys, I just received an email from a Professor in The University of
Arizona. He said that he would be happy to answers my questions
about studying in the united states, especially in The University of
Arizona. He also said he would assist and give me a recommendation
letter if ever I am interested to study there.
Ahmad : That‘s interesting Slamet. How do you know this Professor? How could
you contact him?
Slamet : Well, It has been my dream studying abroad since I was in High
School. As soon as I graduate from IAIN Salatiga, I hope I can continue
my master degree program in America. Once, I browsed the internet
and stumbled upon a website named Academia.edu. I saw it as an
interesting means to contact many professors from great universities in
the world; follow their research and learn their skills and fields of
interest. I emailed several Professors last week, and today I received a
reply from one of them.
Anis : That‘s cool Slamet. But isn‘t it very expensive to study abroad? Are you
serious about continuing your study in America?
Slamet : Well, you see Aisyah. At IAIN Salatiga, there are many lecturers who
studied abroad before and I heard some of the alumni did as well. Most
of them got scholarship. So I think it will be easier for me if I can apply
for scholarship to study abroad, otherwise it will be impossible for me

32
 to do that with my limited budget. As you know, my parents are
primary school teachers; they won‘t be able to pay for my study. So
there is no other way. I have to get a scholarship to do this.
Anis : That‘s interesting Slamet. I think I want to find out more about the
website you said and do the same. I was curious about how some
people are able to study abroad and now I get your point about getting
scholarship stuff.
Ahmad : Slamet, it reminds me to a novel. I read a novel titled ―Negeri 5
Menara‖ last year. It was based on a true story of the Author named
Anwar Fuadi. He studied in several countries by relying on scholarship
funds. His story is so inspiring. There is nothing to lose to pursue
scholarship. Who knows three of us can study abroad one day in the
future.
Slamet : I agree with you Ahmad. I suggest tomorrow we can meet again to
discuss it further about our plan.
Anis : Please count me in Slamet. Meanwhile, I will Google some information
about ―scholarship‖ and ―American universities‖. I guess I‘ll leave you
guys with your presentation preparation and we‘ll see each other
tomorrow, right? How about let‘s meet in front of the library after lunch
time tomorrow.
Slamet : That sounds good. Unless I have a sudden important business, I will try
to be on time. See you tomorrow Aisyah. Bye.
Ahmad : Yes, I can make it. See you Aisyah. Assalamualaikum.
Anis : Cool! See you tomorrow then. Bye. Waalaikumsalam.

A. Text Comprehension
1. What is Prezi?
2. Where did the conversation probably take place?
3. What were Ahmad and Slamet doing?
4. What story did Slamet tell to Ahmad and Anis related to his future dream?
5. What does the text make you think about?
6. What do you think about applying for a scholarship to study abroad?
7. How do you think you can use Internet for your study improvement?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. User friendly: (of a machine or system) easy to use or understand.
Example:

33
 ● It becomes more and more sophisticated and user-friendly as the day
goes by.
● The presentation software is user-friendly.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Apply for: make a formal application or request.

Example:
● So I think it will be easier for me if I can apply for scholarship to study
abroad.
● You need to apply for that job as soon as possible before it‟s too late.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Pay for: to make payment (of) for.

Example:
● They won‟t be able to pay for my study.
● I need to pay for the tuition fee by the end of this month.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Count me in: include me in your activity or plan.

Example:
● Slamet : I suggest tomorrow we can meet again to discuss it further
about our plan.
Anis : Please count me in, Slamet.
● You can count me in. I have not been to the Merbabu Mountain in years.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. To gather information: To collect information from different places.

Example:
● People use internet in varieties ways such as to learn, to gather
information, to make friends to social networks, and many others.
● I am planning to gather information about Islam Phobia in the western
world for my paper.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices: Thinking Ahead

Here are some expressions to express thinking ahead:
1. If …
2. If ever …
3. When …

34
 4. Whenever …
5. As soon as …
6. By the time …
7. Unless …
Task:
The class will be divided in groups and each group sits in a circle. The first
student connects two of the ideas in the list below using one of the linking
words from the table. You can add your own as well.
For example: If I lose my job, I'll have to sell the house.
The next student now has 10 seconds to connect idea with another
For example: If I sell the house, I'll have to live with my mother.
If you cannot think of a sentence you must drop out of the game when all the
ideas have been used. You may think your own. Continue the game until there
is one person left or until the end of 10 minutes.

become lose my part give up all eat properly it rains

famous time job sports
overnight

Lecturer will go to have to sell have some starts the

get angry Singapore on the motorcycle peace and motorcycle
holiday quiet for a
change

get restless become ill emigrate to lose weight change my

Brunai part time job

live alone make new go into go to the gym sleep all day
friends hospital

……………………… ……………………… ……………………… ……………………… ………………………

……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..

D. Grammar Focus: Simple Future Tense

We use the Simple Future (will) and 'Be Going To' for:
1. A decision at the moment of speaking:
A: 'I'm cold'.
B: 'I'll close the window'.
2. Prediction based on opinion:
I think Ahmad will win the English speech competition next year.
3. A future fact:

35
 The sun will rise at 7 a.m.
4. Promises/requests/refusal/willingness:
I'll help you with your homework.
Will you give me a hand?
I will give up smoking!
5. In the same way as the future continuous, but with state verbs:
I'll be at the station when you arrive.

'Shall' is used mainly in the forms 'shall I?' and 'shall we?' in British English.
These forms are used when you want to get someone's opinion, especially for
offers and suggestions:
● Shall I open the window? (=do you want me to open the window?).
● Where shall we go tonight? (=what's your opinion?).

We use 'be going to' + infinitive for:

1. Future plans made before the moment of speaking:
A: 'We've run out of milk.'
B: 'I know, I'm going to buy some.'
2. Prediction based on present evidence:
Look at those boys playing football! They're going to break the window.

36
Exercise: Put in ‗will’ or ‗be going to‘
1. A: We don‘t have any rice.
B: I know. I __________________ get some from the shop.
2. A: We don‘t have any rice
B: Really? I __________________ get some from the shop then.
3. A: Why do you need to borrow my big bag?
B: I __________________ visit my mother in Jakarta next month.
4. A: I‘m really hot.
B: I __________________ turn the fan on.
5. A: Are you going to Ahmad‘s party tonight?
B: Yes. Are you going too? I __________________ give you a lift.
6. A: What are your plans after you leave university?
B: I __________________ work in a high school as an English teacher. I
leave on the 25th.
7. (The phone rings)
A: I __________________ get it!
8. A: Are you ready to order?
B: I can‘t decide … Okay, I __________________ have the steak, please.
9. A: Are you busy tonight? Would you like to have coffee?
B: Sorry. I __________________ go to the library. I‘ve been planning to
study all day.
10. A: Why are you carrying a hammer?
B: I __________________ put up some pictures.

Online references:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplefuture.html
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/talking-about-
future
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/future.htm

37
 Studying Abroad: Why Study Abroad?

Now, more than ever, our world is

interconnected. To be successful —
personally, intellectually, and
professionally — a person must become a
"global citizen," skilled at interacting in
and between multiple cultures and
capable of analyzing issues on a global
level.

With proper planning and preparation, the

study abroad experience can truly be a
life changing. People who have studied
abroad consistently count their international experience as one of the best parts of
their life careers. They said that they not only advanced academically but also
acquired a renewed sense of intellectual energy and focus, as well as a more
sophisticated view of the world around them.

In all, for those students who undertake the challenge, living and studying abroad is
one of the most exciting and enriching opportunities.

At IAIN Salatiga, there are quite many lectures and alumni who have previously
studied abroad. Some of them graduated from top universities in America, United
Kingdom, Netherland, Germany, and Australia. Some of them attended short course
programs in those countries and many other countries all over the globe. It is a
really good chance for current students at IAIN Salatiga to obtain information, views
and opinions from those lectures and alumni related to their experience studying
abroad by having interviews.

Slamet : Assalamualaikum Pak Hanung and Pak Munajat! Thank you for
sparing your time. Here, we would like to ask a question related to
studying abroad.
Pak Hanung : Waalaikumsalam! Certainly, you are very welcome.
Pak Munajat : No problem. It is my pleasure to answer questions from motivated
students like you all here.
Ahmad : Many friends of mine are still having less understanding why some
people study abroad. Could you please share your view on the
importance of going abroad to study Sir?

38
Pak Hanung : Well, there are still many students who are thinking that study
abroad is a difficult process to achieve, complicated and expensive.
But once they know the benefits of it, it can change their point of
view. It will be a challenging goal to achieve. I‘ll share some of the
benefits to get you guys more ideas.
The biggest reason you should consider a study abroad program is
the opportunity to see the world. By studying abroad, you will
experience a brand-new country with incredible new outlooks,
customs and activities. The benefits of studying abroad include the
opportunity to see new terrains, natural wonders, museums and
landmarks of your host nation.
In addition, when you‘re abroad, you won‘t be limited to traveling
in just the nation in which you are studying – you can see
neighboring countries as well! For example, if you study in France,
you‘ll have the option to travel through various parts of Europe
including London, Barcelona, and Rome.
Ahmad : Wow! That‘s wonderful Pak Hanung. So the student who manages
to do that will not be like a frog underneath a coconut shell.
Slamet : And will you add some points Pak Munajat?
Pak Munajat : Yes, sure! Many students who choose to study abroad are leaving
their home for the first time. When they arrive in their new host
country, they are fascinated by the distinct cultural perspectives.
When you study abroad you will find incredible new foods, customs,
traditions, and social atmospheres.
You will find that you have a better understanding and appreciation
for the nation‘s people and history. You will have the opportunity to
witness a completely new way of life.
Another benefit to studying abroad is the opportunity to discover
yourself while gaining an understanding of a different culture. Being
in a new place by yourself can be overwhelming sometimes, and it
tests your ability to adapt to diverse situations while being able to
solve problems.
Pak Hanung : Another reason I can tell you is making lifelong friends. One of the
biggest benefits of studying abroad is the opportunity to meet new
lifelong friends from different backgrounds. While studying abroad,
you will attend school and live with students from your host
country. This gives you the opportunity to really get to know and
create lasting relationships with your fellow students.

39
 After the study abroad program ends, make an effort to stay in
contact with your international friends. In addition to rewarding
personal relationships, these friends can also be important
networking tools later down the road.
Pak Munajat : Chances are if you‘re planning on studying abroad, one of the
major draws is the opportunity to study a foreign language.
Studying abroad grants you the opportunity to completely immerse
yourself in a new language, and there is no better way to learn
than to dive right in.
In addition to the considerable language practice you will get just in
day to day life, your host university will likely offer language
courses to provide you with a more formal education. Immerse
yourself in a new culture and go beyond a purely academic
experience.
Slamet : Amazing! I get more ideas about studying abroad now. Before we
let you both go, do you have any other opinion Sir?
Pak Hanung : It is a life time experience. For most people, this time may be the
only opportunity they ever get to travel abroad for a long period of
time. Eventually you will find a job and career, and the opportunity
to study abroad may turn out to be a once in a life time
opportunity.
Take this opportunity to travel the world with no commitments but
to study and learn about new cultures. Studying abroad is an
experience unlike any other.
Pak Munajat : And do not forget. Most of lecturers and alumni went abroad and
study there without spending their own money. They try to get
scholarship. But I guess we can talk more about how to apply for
scholarships next time.
Ahmad : Alright Sir. I believe our short talk just now can inspire us more and
improve our motivation to study abroad. And we look forward to
hearing from you again next time. Thank you for your time Pak
Munajat and Pak Hanung.
Pak Hanung : That‘s good. Sure. Just let us know.
Pak Munajat : Feel free to contact us another time. Assalamualaikum
Ahmad & Slamet: Waalaikumsalam.

A. Text Comprehension
1. What is a ―global citizen‖?

40
 2. How do we become a global citizen?
3. What do you think of studying abroad? How easy or difficult is it?
4. What do you think Pak Hanung and Pak Munajat most wants Slamet and
Ahmad to get out of the conversation?
5. What did you learn that you think is important related to studying abroad?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. Like a frog underneath a coconut shell: A frog which leaves under a coconut
shell will think that the shell is the world. So, one who is like the frog will
have no knowledge of things/events/places outside his 'world'
Example:
● So it the student who manages to do that will not be like a frog
underneath a coconut shell.
● Endang was excluded from the discussion because she could not
contribute to it. He was just like a frog under a coconut shell.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Able to: having the power, skill, means, or opportunity to do something.

Example:
● It tests your ability to adapt to diverse situations while being able to
problem solve.
● Ahmad was able to read Arabic at the age of four.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Lifelong: lasting or remaining in a particular state throughout a person's life.

Example:
● One of the biggest benefits of studying abroad is the opportunity to meet
new lifelong friends from different backgrounds.
● A lifelong friendship is possible only if each of the friends respect and
demand nothing from the other one.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Completely immersed: to engage wholly or deeply

Example:
● Studying abroad grants you the opportunity to completely immerse
yourself in a new language.
● He completely immerses himself in a book that he is reading.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

41
C. Conversational Practices: How Something Affect You
Here are the most common phrases to express how something affect you:
1. In my opinion …
2. From my point of view, …
3. Well, personally …
4. If I had my way …
5. What I‟m more concerned with is …
6. In my case …
Task:
1. Think of all the changes you would like to make for your study group. For
example you may wish to change the time schedule for studying together
with your friends.
In pairs, one student propose a change. The second student should explain
how this would affect him or her personally.
For example:
 Student 1 : Why don't we study together earlier the morning before the
class starts?
 Student 2 : Well, from my point of view that's impossible. The only
angkot I can get is at 6 o'clock in the morning while most of my classes
starts at 7.20 AM

D. Grammar Focus: Gerund

The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to
understand the difference between the two. The gerund always has the same
function as a noun (although it looks like a verb).
1. The gerund as the subject of the sentence
Examples:
● Eating rotten fruit is wrong.
● Hunting snakes is dangerous.
● Swimming makes me nervous.
● Brushing your teeth is important.
● Smoking causes lung cancer.
2. The gerund as the complement of the verb 'to be'
Examples:
● One of his duties is attending meetings.
● The hardest thing about learning English is understanding the gerund.
● One of life's pleasures is having breakfast in bed.
3. The gerund after prepositions

42
 The gerund must be used when a verb comes after a preposition. This is
also true of certain expressions ending in a preposition, for example the
expressions in spite of & there's no point in.
Examples:
● Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?
● Anis is good at painting.
● She avoided him by walking on the opposite side of the road.
● We arrived in Surabaya after driving all night.
● My father decided against postponing his trip to Singapore.
● There's no point in waiting.
● In spite of missing the bus, we arrived on time.
4. The gerund after phrasal verbs
Phrasal verbs are composed of a verb + preposition or adverb.
Examples:
● When will you give up smoking?
● Endang always puts off going to the dentist.
● They kept on asking for money.
● Ahmad ended up buying a new bicycle after his old one broke.
There are some phrasal verbs that include the word "to" as a preposition for
example to look forward to, to take to, to be accustomed to, to get around
to, & to be used to. It is important to recognize that the word "to" is a
preposition in these cases because it must be followed by a gerund. It is not
part of the infinitive form of the verb. You can check whether "to" is a
preposition or part of the infinitive. If you can put the pronoun "it" after the
word "to" and form a meaningful sentence, then the word "to" is a
preposition and must be followed by a gerund.
Examples:
● I look forward to hearing from you soon.
● I look forward to it.
● I am used to waiting for buses.
● I am used to it.
● She didn't really take to studying English.
● She didn't really take to it.
● When will you get around to mowing the grass?
● When will you get around to it?

43
 5. The gerund in compound nouns
In compound nouns using the gerund, it is clear that the meaning is that of
a noun, not of a continuous verb. For example, with the word "swimming
pool" it is a pool for swimming in, it is not a pool that is swimming.
Examples:
● I am giving Anis a driving lesson.
● They have a swimming pool in their backyard.
● I bought a new pair of running shoes.
6. The gerund after some expressions
The gerund is necessary after the expressions can't help, can't stand, to be
worth, & it's no use.
Examples:
● Everyone couldn't help falling in love with her new baby born.
● I can't stand being stuck in traffic jams.
● It's no use trying to escape.
● It might be worth phoning the bus station to check the time of the
bus.

Here are some of the most common verbs that are usually followed by the
gerund:
enjoy I enjoyed living in France

fancy I fancy seeing a film tonight

discuss We discussed going on holiday together

dislike I dislike waiting for buses

finish We've finished preparing for the meeting

mind I don't mind coming early

suggest He suggested staying at the Grand Hotel

recommend They recommended meeting earlier

keep He kept working, although he felt ill

avoid She avoided talking to her boss

And here are some common verbs followed by 'to' and the infinitive:
agree She agreed to give a presentation at the meeting

ask* I asked to leave early / I asked him to leave early

decide We decided to go out for dinner

help* He helped to clean the kitchen / he helped his flatmate to clean the
kitchen

44
plan She plans to buy a new flat next year

hope I hope to pass the exam

learn They are learning to sing

want* I want to come to the party / I want him to come to the party

would I would like to see her tonight / I would like you to see her tonight
like*

promise We promised not to be late

*We can use an object before the infinitive with these verbs.
(Note that 'help' can also be followed by the infinitive without 'to' with no
difference in meaning: 'I helped to carry it' = 'I helped carry it'.)

Exercise: Put the verb into either the gerund (-ing) or the infinitive (with 'to'):
1. He decided __________ English. (study)
2. We discussed __________ to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at home.
(go)
3. She agreed __________ the pudding to the dinner. (bring)
4. We hope __________ Singapore next year. (visit)
5. He enjoys __________ a bath in the evening. (have)
6. I dislike __________ .(wait)
7. She helped me __________ my bag.(carry)
8. I promise __________ you tomorrow.(help)
9. I am learning __________ English.(speak)
10. I don't recommend _______ the angkot - it takes forever! (take)

45
 Applying for Scholarships

Some people say that life is never flat and like a roller coaster. Everything
sometimes becomes so dramatic and unpredictable like the plot of a movie. The
story of getting scholarship is also one of them.

Ahmad : Do you have a plan after your graduation?

Endang : I have no idea at the moment. I just think about what to wear on that
event.
Ahmad : I may have three advices for you; continuing your study, applying a
job, and getting married. Which one is your choice?
Endang : Getting married, not a chance! Applying a job, dream on! Continuing
my study, I am not really sure regarding my financial problem.
Ahmad : But you can get a scholarship to deal with that!
Endang : Oya? How does it work?
Ahmad : Well, you just need to follow my three advices; self-purification, being
grateful, and preparation.
Endang : What do you mean by them? Could you just give more explanation!
Ahmad : Will do, start from the first one ya! Self-purification means removing
the dirt of your heart which may generated from the act and feeling of
hatred, jealousy, defame, or alike. Knowledge is a light and it will be
absorbed and reflected from a pure heart.

46
Endang : To whom may it concern?
Ahmad : The first one is to Allah SWT. Take your time to internalize yourself
related to religious practices such as 5 main prayers. If we have done
them, we have to improve them by adding sunnah prayers. If we want
to offer more, we can have dhuha, tahajud, almsgiving, and other
recommended (sunnah) practices. We must evaluate, upgrade, and
constantly offer the good deeds and avoid the bad ones.
Endang : I got it but it is not easy to be a pious girl. It is worth to try! Then
explain the next one?
Ahmad : The next one is being grateful. It means showing thanks to Allah for
what he has granted especially the scholarship rejections
Endang : How can we be grateful on the scholarship rejections? It just does not
make sense for me.
Ahmad : Please bear in your mind this thing! QS Ibrahim: 7 ‗If ye give thanks, I
will give you more; but if ye are thankless, lo! My punishment is dire‘.
So we must be grateful for whatever happen on us because there will
be a wonderful thing ahead. We just do not know yet.
Endang : Can you prove that by giving some sample cases?
Ahmad : I still remember that I applied for USAID scholarship. Filling out a thick
application neatly. Revise and consult it before sending it to the
address provided. But the fact was in the contrary. I have nothing to
say except ‗Alhamdulillah‘. May Allah guide me to better scholarship?
The second attempt was applying for AUSAID from Australia. The
answer was in the line with USAID. I still heard to voice of rejection but
I promised to say ‗Alkhamdulillah‘ once again. Then I applied ICCR
Scholarhsip India. They accepted my application to study linguistic in
EFLU (English Foreign Language University) Hyderabad India.
Consecutively, the final announcement of Ford Foundation Scholarship
was just about three months afterward. So, what can I say except
‗Alkhamdulillah‘ all the time for all gift pouring on me. I believe that
being grateful is a way to yield more blessing from Allah. It was totally
awesome to opt one of two prestigious scholarship.
Endang : No doubt about it! And come to an end, what is your last advice?
Ahmad : Do you still remember the previous two?
Endang : Ya, mmm... They are self-purification and being grateful.
Ahmad : You are absolutely right. The last advice is preparation including your
GPA (Grade Point Average), consultant, English proficiency, scholarship
information, passport, most recent photographs, certificate translation,
CPA (Contact Person Abroad), social work involvement, drafting study

47
 objective and personal statement. Those can be said as preliminary
preparation for scholarship application.
Endang : Are there anything else?
Ahmad : There are some more to prepare but they can be done in a single night.
So that, we don‘t have to worry about.
Endang : Let me affirm once again: self-purification, being grateful, and
preparation.
Ahmad : Haha… You rule Endang!

A. Text Comprehension
1. What is life like a roller coaster?
2. What are three advices offered in the text?
3. What does the actual life happen in the story?
4. What are self-purification, being grateful, and preparation?
5. Do you have the typical experience?
6. What do you think about the 3 advices to get scholarship?
7. What is the purpose of the writer?
8. What is the most important thing among the three advices?
9. Will you be grateful if you find many obstacles in your life?
10. What will you do after reading this article?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. Life is never flat: life is dynamic.
Example:
● People say that life is never flat.
● Life is never flat due to problematic world.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Not a chance: it will not happen.

Example:
● There is no chance to be lazy.
● You want to be my boyfriend? Not a chance during my study.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. To show off: act extra special for people watching.

Example:
● CV is a piece of paper to show off ourselves.
● We need to show off our skill during the competition

48
 ● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Dream on: what you are expecting or wanting to happen is nothing but
fantasy.
Example:
● Dean thinks he's going to get the job. Dream on!
● Let‟s dream on the condition of one world with peacefulness.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Milestone: a very important event or point in one's life

Example:
● Joan's wedding was a milestone in her mother's life.
● The birth of a child is a milestone in every parent's life.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. To fill out: to write information in blanks, as on a form

Example:
● The form must be filled out in capital letters.
● The students fill out the bank statement before registration.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. An egg today is better than a chicken tomorrow: What we have now is the
reality but what we hope tomorrow is delusion.
Example:
● You must be grateful with what you have today. An egg today is better
than a chicken tomorrow.
● This condition is like a saying „An egg today is better than a chicken
tomorrow‟.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices:
1. Expressing the main thing on an issue.
● I think the most important thing is a lot of money.
● Marie Thinks the most important thing is earning a lot of money.
● First of all, I think Education is the key for brighter future.
● The main things are intelligence, persistence, patience, capital, time
span, and tutor to be successful in learning.
2. Practice in your own sentence.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

49
 ● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Discuss with your group / pairs. Try to use the phrases when you talk about
the following
● The most important thing to look for in a future wife/husband.
● What is important when bringing up a child?
● You are planning to spend your holiday in the mountains. How should you
prepare?
● You are driving along an icy road when suddenly the car starts to skid.
● You are going for a very important interview. You are usually so nervous
at interviews that you do badly. How should you prepare this time?

D. Grammar Focus: Present Perfect

1. Pattern
The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and the
past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are
often more interested in the result than in the action itself.
● They haven't lived here for years.
● She has worked in the bank for five years.
● We have had the same car for ten years.
● Have you played the piano since you were a child?

Affirmative
Subject to have past participle
She has visited.

Negative
Subject to have + not past participle
She has not (hasn't) visited.

Interrogative
To have subject past participle
Has she visited?

Negative interrogative
To have + not subject past participle
Hasn't she visited?

50
2. Change the sentences into Present Perfect Tense
● I walk two miles already.
● I studied all night/yesterday.
● I work hard today.
● The company's current CEO lied repeatedly to her employees.
● Washington encourages his troops.
● Brett worked with Chef Pierre LeGout.
● You see that movie many times.
● There are many earthquakes in California.
● People travel to the Moon.
● Nobody climbed that mountain.

Online Resources:
https://goo.gl/nekkbz

51
 Tips for Winning Scholarships

A wise economist once said that ―There is no such thing as a free lunch‖, which
means that everything we want to get in this world has a cost. This idiom applies to
every scholarship hunter. Scholarships might guarantee students who want to
pursue their education a financial freedom, yet the efforts to win a scholarship
require hardship, determination, and commitment. The history of our institution,
IAIN Salatiga, has recorded that a quite number of lecturers and alumni have
received various types of scholarships to continue their study both in Indonesian
universities and foreign universities. These accomplishments have surely not only
made all the members of IAIN Salatiga proud, but also brought the name of our
institution in the same level with other prestigious universities in Indonesia. These
accomplishments are also authentic proofs that the members of IAIN Salatiga have
the same possibility to get scholarships as any other candidates as long as they
have a strong will to win them. Speaking about winning scholarships, there are
some general tips shared by scholarship awardees, which will be discussed in the
later conversation that was done via Skype. Please keep in mind that the tips are
not meant to be a shortcut to get a scholarship. Instead, the tips should be
understood as the minimum requirements that someone needs to meet in order to
win a scholarship. The conversation below details the tips and advices for winning
any scholarship.
Anis : Hello Mr. Ahmad and Mr. Slamet! Congratulations for winning the
scholarships to continue your master‘s degree abroad. I am personally
very proud of you. I have always looked up to both of you. I hope that
I will be able to follow your accomplishments in the near future.

52
 Anyway, if you do not mind, would you please share with us some tips
or strategies to win the scholarships?
Ahmad : Thank you Anis for initiating this Skype interview. I am more than
happy to share with you all my experience in winning the scholarship
that I currently receive. I will begin by telling you all that I am
undergoing my master‘s study at the University of Manchester,
majoring on TESOL, sponsored by the Ford Foundation. The Ford
Foundation Scholarship is very competitive, and I was so blessed to win
this scholarship. However, I think I deserve it because I had long
prepared myself well before I won this scholarship. Okay, here are my
general tips in winning the scholarship:
1. Start searching for scholarships as soon as possible. Do not wait
until somebody tells you about scholarship opportunities. There are
many cases that students very often miss half the deadlines
because they learn about the scholarship too late.
2. Use a free scholarship matching service like Fastweb.com and other
websites.
3. Look for local scholarships on campus bulletin boards, library, and
career center.
4. Apply to every scholarship for which you are eligible. Never try to
apply to a scholarship that you cannot meet the requirements.
5. Do not miss deadlines and do not wait to submit your application
until the last minutes. Use a calendar and checklist to get
organized.
6. Tailor your application to the sponsor‘s goals. Read and follow the
instructions carefully.
7. Most scholarships require you to write an essay. Thus, personalize
your essay and be passionate. Write about something of interest to
your study. Make your application stand out and unique. Talk about
the impact that you will bring once you finish your study. On top of
that, be specific of what you want to study.
8. Proofread your essay before you submit it. Make sure that the
writing style looks professional.
9. Send the application by certified mail.
10. The last but not least, pray. Let God dispose what you have
proposed.
That is all for now my tips about winning a scholarship. Now let Mr.
Slamet tell his experience.

53
Slamet : Thank you Anis for giving me this great opportunity to share my
experience as well. I think Mr. Ahmad has made very good points in
winning a scholarship. I might only have several additional tips to
emphasize what Mr. Ahmad has shared. But before that, I want to give
a brief background about me. I graduated from IAIN Salatiga‘s English
department in 2011. I am currently doing my master‘s degree at
Hyderabad University sponsored by the Indian government, majoring
on English literature. Alright, here are my tips to add what Mr. Ahmad
has stated:
1. Apply only if you are eligible. One of the most common
requirements for any scholarships is the English proficiency score,
either TOEFL or IELTS. So for example, if the sponsor requires a
minimum of 500 on TOEFL, and your TOEFL score is below it, do
not even think about trying to apply. Otherwise, the sponsor will
quickly deny your application.
2. Complete the application. Make sure that you properly fill out all
the questions. Double check your application before you finally
submit it.
3. Submit a well-composed essay that makes a definite impression.
This part is also one of the most important requirements that you
cannot overlook. You need to have a clear mind of what you want
to study and why you deserve the scholarship. Make sure you
proofread your essay to avoid grammatical errors.
4. Be aware of and meet all deadlines. Once again, do not wait to
submit your application until the last minutes. You never know
what technical problems might occur when you send your
application. Thus, give yourself enough time to submit your
application before the deadline.
5. Lastly, believe in yourself that your application will get the
attention of the reviewers.
Those are some tips from me. Please do not hesitate to contact me if
you have further questions.
Anis : Thank you Mr. Ahmad and Mr. Slamet for sharing your tips to win
scholarships. These all are very useful. Your tips really encourage us to
start preparing ourselves from now in order to win scholarships. We
also hope that we can follow your success. Again thank you very much
for sparing your time to have an interview with us. See you and have a
good day! Bye now!
Ahmad and Slamet : Bye!

54
A. Text comprehensions:
1. Which university does Ahmad go for his masters?
2. Who gets scholarship from the Indian government?
3. How did Ahmad suggest his audiences in finding scholarship opportunities?
4. ―However, I think I deserve it because I had long prepared myself well
before I won this scholarship.‖ The word ‗it‘ refers to…
5. What did Slamet suggest to his audiences about TOEFL?
6. Which of Slamet‘s suggestions that are similar to Ahmad‘s suggestions?
7. According to the conversation, how does a good essay look like?
8. Why do we have to make sure that we submit our application before the
deadline?
9. In your own words, conclude the tips of winning a scholarship based on the
conversation.
10. In your opinion, what are other tips of winning a scholarship that have not
been stated in the conversation?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. No such thing as a free lunch: everything costs something.
Example:
● There is no such thing as a free lunch, Right Anis?
● If you want to get a good grade, you have to study hard. There is no
such thing as a free lunch.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Financial freedom: having no debt or having sufficient funding.

Example:
● Scholarships might guarantee students who want to pursue their
education a financial freedom.
● Many people are not able to reach a financial freedom even until they
die.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Keep in mind: to always remember.

Example:
● Please keep in mind that the tips are not meant to be a shortcut to get a
scholarship.
● You have to keep in mind that your journey as a university student has
only been started.

55
 ● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Look up: to admire.

Example:
● I have always looked up to both of you.
● Junior students usually look up to their senior students who have
reached many accomplishments.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Stand out: superior or very good.

Example:
● Make your application stand out and unique.
● Their performance during the Javanese Cultural Night was stand out.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Double check: to check again.

Example:
● Double check your application before you finally submit it.
● I have to double check whether I have packed everything or not.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Clear mind: having a good judgement.

Example:
● You need to have a clear mind of what you want to study and why you
deserve the scholarship.
● When you judge a person, use your clear mind.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Be aware: to give care.

Example:
● Be aware of and meet all deadlines.
● When you walk in that corner, be aware of dogs.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices: Asking and Offering Suggestions; Adding

Things
1. Asking and offering suggestions:
 If you do not mind, would you please share with us some tips or
strategies to win the scholarships?

56
  Okay, here are my general tips in winning the scholarship.
Other ways to express asking and offering suggestions:
 Why don‟t you…?
 Have you thought about…?
 I have an idea…
 Here is my suggestion…
2. Adding things:
 I might only have several additional tips to emphasize what Mr. Ahmad
has shared.
 Alright, here are my tips to add what Mr. Ahmad has stated.
Other ways to express adding things:
 To start with, …
 And another thing, …
 Oh, I almost forgot…
 Just another point to add…
Task. Work in pairs and use the phrases above to ask and offer suggestion as
well as to add things. Use the situations below:
1. You want to go to Jakarta. There are many types of transportation to
Jakarta. You are confused which type that is suitable for you.
2. There are three lecturers for the same subject. You can only choose one.
You ask your senior about which lecturer that he/she recommends.
3. You get four job offers. You ask your parents to give suggestions on which
job that is best for you.
4. You want to join the peace corp. You ask an expert about how to
appropriately join the peace corp.
5. You have a sister who just graduated from high school. You offer her some
suggestions on how to choose a good university.

D. Grammar Focus: Imperative Sentence

Imperative sentence is a type of sentence that implies an advice or instructions
or that expresses a request or command. An imperative sentence can end in a
full stop (.) or an exclamation mark (!), depending on the forcefulness of the
sentence. The main verb in an imperative sentence is called the imperative
mood.
1. Imperative sentences with a full stop:
 Start searching for scholarships as soon as possible.
 Complete the application.
 Send the application by certified mail.
2. Imperative sentences with an exclamation mark:

57
  Get out of here!
 Clean your mess!
 Go to your room now!
Task. Create 10 sentences for each type of the imperative sentence using the
following verbs:
Load, Leave, Listen, Bring, Block, Bend, Jump, Jot down, Sing, Shoot, Direct,
Drive, Take, Tell, Grab, Get

Online Resources:
http://grammar.about.com/od/il/g/impersent09.htm
http://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/imperative-sentence.html
http://www.k12reader.com/learn-about-imperative-sentences-now/

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 Interview for Scholarships

One of the most important processes in applying for a scholarship is the interview
session. Many of the large, more specific and prestigious scholarships will require an
interview before any awards are given. In addition to a detailed application, an
impressive essay and letters of recommendation, the scholarship board will want a
chance to meet with you personally to assess your character and personality.
Application judges want to determine that the application fits the applicant, and that
you are a prime candidate for the scholarship that is being awarded.

Practice interviews are a good way to hone your skills before you face the
scholarship review board itself. Have a family member, friend or trusted teacher
walk you through a mock interview, asking the type of questions you will be given
during the actual interview process.

Ahmad : Assalamualakum! Good evening Slamet! This is Ahmad. I‘m sorry for
calling you this late night. I have an issue to talk about with you.
Slamet : Waalaikumsalam Ahmad. That‘s fine Ahmad. I am still awake waiting
for the football show that will be live on TV in an hour from now. So I
have much time. What‘s the matter? Is there anything I can help?
Ahmad : Oh, that‘s relieving. I thought I disturb your sleep. I wonder if you
could help me with my scholarship interview preparation. In April, I
applied for a Fulbright scholarship and Alhamdulillah earlier today I got
a phone call saying that the scholarship board invites me for an
interview in Jakarta. I have never done any interview before so I have
no idea what it would be. Because you have ever got this Fulbright
scholarship before, so I believe you can give me best advice on this.

59
Slamet : Alhamdulillah, congratulation Ahmad. That‘s a good sign. One more
step to go to get your Fulbright Scholarship to America, Ahmad. Just
relax but serious in preparing it. InsyaAllah you will do your best. When
will it be?
Ahmad : It will be next Tuesday Slamet. I have only five days to prepare it. Is it
enough?
Slamet : Yes, certainly, that‘s more than enough. I can give you some tips now
on the phone and I will talk more when we meet okay?
Ahmad : That‘s great. I‘m ready to take a note. Tell me about it. I‘m all ears.
Slamet : Alright. First of all, keep in mind that the interview is not hard but not
easy either. Get ready for the interview. Prepare yourself and make
sure you know the interview time, location, and how to get there. If
possible, ask who might be interviewing. Act out your upcoming
interview. Ask a teacher, counselor or friend to read through a list of
potential questions with you and practice stating your answers. Lastly,
pick out a nice outfit to wear the day of the interview. Wearing jeans
and a t-shirt to the interview may not be a good idea. Instead, wear
something you might wear to a job interview.
Ahmad : I see. Okay, I Understand. What‘s next, Slamet?
Slamet : Learn about the scholarship. Research the scholarship online to see
what you can find out ahead of time. Having knowledge about the
scholarship and sharing what you know during the interview could be
positive with the selection committee.
Ahmad : OK. I got that. Btw, Slamet, It seems to be important to know potential
questions that probably are asked during the interview. Could you tell
me some of those?
Slamet : Yes indeed. As I remember some of the questions are:
Why did you apply for this scholarship?
What makes you stand out from other candidates?
How will you contribute to your community?
Tell us about one event or person in your life that shaped you?
Talk about your academic achievements/aspirations?
Talk about your community involvement?
Tell us about yourself.
Tell us about your current educational and career goals?
Where do you see yourself in five years?
Tell me about a personal achievement that makes you proud?
Tell me about a mistake you made and what you learned from it?
Who has influenced your life and why?

60
 Why do you think you're an excellent candidate for this scholarship?
Ahmad : Alright. I took a note of these questions already. There are more than I
thought. I‘ll practice my answers for those questions tomorrow. Is
there any other you want me to know before I hang up the phone,
Slamet?
Slamet : Good! You would better do that. I think that‘s enough for this moment.
Prepare your list of questions. Have questions ready to ask interviewers
and take the list with you to the interview. In addition, think of three
things you want to tell your interviewers about you. Prepare your
resume and bring it with you to the interview also. Be sure to read it
thoroughly to remember what your experiences and past
responsibilities have been and share it with the interviewers.
Ahmad : I learn so much, Slamet. Thank you for your time. We‘ll meet
frequently within the next five days. Hope you are okay with that.
Slamet : You are very welcome, Ahmad. I‘m happy for you. It‘s my pleasure to
help. Feel free to let me know when and where. I‘ll be there.
Ahmad : Awesome! Alright, I‘d better hang up the phone now so you will not
miss the football match. Tell me the score when we meet. I prefer
sleeping than watching TV so late. Have a good night, Slamet.
Assalamualaikum.
Slamet : Hahaha, that‘s alright. Good night. Waalaikumsalam, Ahmad.

A. Text Comprehension
1. Why did Ahmad call Slamet?
2. When did Ahmad call Slamet?
3. What was the conversation between Ahmad and Slamet about?
4. What do you learn from the story that you think is important to remember?
5. What is your plan to prepare if you are invited for a scholarship interview?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. Hone someone's skill: To hone is to sharpen a knife or perfect a skill.
Example:
 Some people use their free time to hone their skills, such as swimming
or writing poems.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 2. Mock interview: A mock interview is an emulation of an interview used for
training purposes. The interview tries to resemble a real interview as closely
as possible, and provides experience for the candidate.
Example:
 The recorded mock interview is one of the very best ways to prepare for
an actual employment interview.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. I'm all ears: I‘m listening.

Example:
 Ahmad: I want to talk to you about something.
Anis: I'm all ears.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Keep in mind: to remember and think about someone or something.

Example:
 As you leave home, keep your family in mind.)
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Hang up: to end a telephone conversation (with someone) by cutting the

connection.
Example:
 Don‟t hang up. There‟s something else I want to say.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices: Getting information on the phone

You can use several expressions below during a telephone call:
I‟m calling to find out …
I‟d like to ask …
Could you tell me …?
I‟m calling about …
I was wondering if you could tell me …
I wonder if you could help me …
If you go through a switchboard, say first:
I‟d like to talk to somebody about …

Task: Work in pairs and use the expression above in a phone call simulation
using the situations below:

62
 1. You are having a difficult English homework while you must submit it
tomorrow.
2. You need to tell your lecturer about the reason you could not join his class
earlier today.
3. You are running out of money and you think your parents can help.
4. You need to have a discussion with your partner about your classroom
presentation tomorrow.

D. Grammar Focus: Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs are mainly used in spoken English and informal texts (The more
formal a conversation or text, the fewer phrasal verbs are found). Phrasal verbs
consist of a verb plus a particle (preposition, adverb). The particle can change
the meaning of the verb completely.

Some verbs are two part verbs. They consist of a verb and a particle:
Grow + up
● The children are growing up.
Often this gives the verb a new meaning:
Take + after
● She takes after her mother, means that she looks like her mother, or she
behaves like her mother.
Count + on
● I know I can count on you, means that I can trust you, or I can believe you.

Some transitive two part verbs (see Clauses, Sentences and Phrases) have
only one pattern:
N (subject) + V + p + N (object)
[Note: N = noun; V = verb; p = particle]
N (Subject) Verb Particle N (Object)

She takes after her mother

I can count on you
My father comes from Madrid

Some transitive two part verbs (see Clauses, Sentences and Phrases) are
phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs have two different patterns:
• The usual pattern is: N + V + N + p
N (Subject) Verb (N) Object Particle

She gave the money back

He knocked the glass over
We will be leaving our friends and neighbors behind

63
• But sometimes these verbs have the pattern: N (subject) + V + p + N
(object)
N (Subject) Verb Particle N (Object)

She gave back the money

He knocked over the glass
We will be leaving behind our friends and neighbors

When the object is a personal pronoun, these verbs always have the pattern:
N + V +N + p:
● She gave back it  She gave it back
● He knocked over it  He knocked it over
● We will be leaving behind them  We will be leaving them behind

Phrasal verbs are nearly always made up of a transitive verb and a particle.
Common verbs with their most frequent particles are:
bring: about, along, back, forward, in, off, out, round, up

buy: out, up

call: off, up

carry: off, out

cut: back, down, off, out, up

give: away, back, off

hand: back, down, in, on out, over, round

knock: down, out, over

leave: behind, out

let: down, in, off, out

pass: down, over, round

point: out

push: about, around, over

put: across, away, down, forward, off, on, out, through, together, up

read: out

set: apart, aside, back, down

shut: away, in, off, out

take: apart, away, back, down, in, on, up, over

think: over, through, up

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Exercise: Complete the sentences using one of the phrasal verbs below
passed away, do without, look forward to, called off, made up, carried away,
break out, run out, put up with, keep up.

1. Don't smoke in the forest. Fires _________ easily at this time of the year.
2. I ___________ seeing my friends again.
3. I'm afraid; we have ___________ of apple juice. Will an orange juice do?
4. Your website has helped me a lot to ___________ the good work.
5. A friend of mine has ___________ her wedding.
6. His mother can't ___________ his terrible behavior anymore.
7. As an excuse for being late, Endang ___________ a whole story.
8. I got ___________ by Ahmad's enthusiasm.
9. I just cannot ___________ my mobile phone. I always keep it with me.
10. Anis was very sad because her father ___________ last week.

Online resources:
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/phrasal-verbs
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/phrasal-verbs

65
 International Students

It is such a gift from the Almighty and the Most Gracious Allah that I have a chance
to study in Manchester University. I feel like dreaming being part of #30 world rank
university. For a country side boy, this chance makes me tremble and unconfident. I
am just like a small fish in a big pond, finding myself in the circle of people from all
over the world. I just cannot believe it. Soon I realize that I am now part of them.
After three months, my confidence lines up. The feeling of low esteem now becomes
normal. The feeling is like a square peg in a square hole. I can stand and talk in
front of the people casually and ready to get into the class engaging with
remarkable lectures.

Outside of the class, I live in international accommodation. MIH (Methodist

International House) Manchester is the name of the foundation that takes in charge
of this accommodation management. Life in MIH is full of surprise. I have my own
bedroom, locker, and cooking utensils. The rest facilities are shared such as kitchen,
pantries, washing room, vacuum cleaner, dining, parking lot, family room, and
garage. Kitchen is the favorite place to have a chat. I frequently prepare and eat my
meals with Slamet, a PhD from Japan.

Ahmad : What are you cooking for today?

Slamet : Nothing new. Some meals are just like yesterday. I grab them from
freezer such as rice and Kimchi, pickles and baked ham.
Ahmad : Yesterday?! It does not have sufficient nutrition for your brain.
Slamet : When you start your class, you will do the same thing.
Ahmad : Like what?

66
Slamet : Cooking once for 3 day meals. You will experience it because of the
tight schedule.
Ahmad : I won‘t!‘ by the way, what is Kimchi? I have never heard of it.
Slamet : Can you guess, is it Japanese food?
Ahmad : I think so. The name sounds Japanese anyway.
Slamet : You are absolutely wrong haha... Kimchi is spicy pickled cabbage and it
is the national dish of Korea.
Ahmad : Ah... I just knew it. What is the difference between ham and pork? I
think they are just synonymous.
Slamet : That is true. Both of them means flesh of a pig used as food. But they
have different use in society class. If I am not mistaken, the word ham
is popular in middle up class society or aristocrat. On the contrary, the
word pork is famous in marginal society.
Ahmad : The flesh looks delicious though.
Slamet : Have some, come on! The looks is as delicious as it tastes.
Ahmad : Ough... that is gross. Thanks for the offer anyway. I am a Muslim and I
am not allowed to eat that. That is not halal.
Slamet : Halal? I have seen the word while window shopping along the Indian
and Middle East arcade. What does it mean?
Ahmad : It means forbidden to consume due to a certain cause.
Slamet : So, what makes pork not halal?
Ahmad : From Islamic perspective, the life of pig is disgusting and the flesh is
prone to tapeworms. This kind of worms mostly are not dead under 100
degrees heat. Even we cook the meat well, they are still alive.
Slamet : But it just tastes so good!
Ahmad : Argh… the thing in your mind is just about the taste not the effects.
Slamet : Let‘s get over it and eat, shall we!
Ahmad : Alright, whatever!
Slamet : Do you want to have some wine?
Ahmad : It is not halal either. I will tell you why. Wine contains alcohol which is
a dangerous substance for our body and mind. Under alcohol effect, our
body results slurred speech, unsteady movement, disturbed
perceptions and an inability to react quickly. For our mind, it reduces a
person‘s ability to think rationally and distorts his or her judgment.
Slamet : Grrrr... That is terrifying! Can we say this pork and wine as halal?
Ahmad : That is a bizarre question. Are you trying to negotiate? If I am
castaway in remote isolated small tiny island and have nothing, I will
eat that.
Slamet : Hahaha… I cannot say a word. That is hilarious.

67
A. Text Comprehension
1. What is the writer‘s feeling after three months?
2. Who takes in charge of the accommodation management?
3. What does the writer do after cooking in the kitchen?
4. What is Kimchi?
5. What do you think about halal and haram food toward health?
6. What will you do with food from other countries?
7. What does international friends mean to you?
8. How did the writer encounter something different with his personal values?
9. Do you live in diverse environment?
10. How do you respect people from different nationalities?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences.
1. A small fish in a big pond: an ordinary person in extraordinary environment.
Example:
● I am just like a small fish in a big pond, finding myself in the circle of
people from all over the world.
● You must be active to get the attention if you are a small fish in a big
pond.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. A square peg in a square hole: putting someone in an appropriate position.

Example:
● The feeling is like a square peg in a square hole.
● The job is messy. I think I have put a square peg in a round hole.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Take in charge: being responsible on something.

Example:
● The foundation takes in charge of this house management.
● People must take in charge for what they have done.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Heard of something: being familiar with something.

Example:
● I have never heard of Kimchi before.
● Have you heard of the word gobbledygook?
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 5. Get over something: forget about something.
Example:
● Let‟s get over it and eat, shall we!
● The government must get over the issue of terrorism.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. Castaway: being isolated from the native environment.

Example:
● If I am castaway in remote isolated small tiny island and have nothing, I
will eat that.
● She is castaway in the small island of the Atlantic Ocean.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Cannot say a word: having no word to say speechless.

Example:
● This book is amazing. I cannot say a word.
● I cannot say a word to your bad attitude.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices:
1. How to express agreement.
● I agree because…
● That is true
● I agree with what X said
● I think so too
● Yeah, that is what I think too
● I don‟t think so either
● You might / may/ could be right
● that makes sense
● Exactly! I couldn‟t agree more
● Yes, in the lecturer, s/he said...
2. How to express disagreement.
● But don‟t you think…
● That may be true, but…
● I see your point, but…
● Well, I wouldn‟t necessarily agree with
● Yes, but I think…
● But you have to remember…
● Do you really think so? I thought…

69
 ● But the reading says...

Task. What are your opinions about these motions?

● Same sex marriage
● Death sentence for drug dealers
● Free health insurance for Indonesian
● Free education for Indonesian
● The existence of TV in our home
● The involvement of social media

D. Grammar Focus: Causative Have and Get

1. Pattern
Have something done and Get something done are both used to refer to
actions which are done for the subject rather than by the subject. Causative
verbs are used instead of passive verbs to show that the subject causes the
action to be done.
● Have something done
I don t know how to repair cars, so I m having mine repaired at the
garage round the corner.
● Get something done
I really must get my eyes tested. I m sure I need glasses.
The differences between have and get something done are that have is
slightly more formal than get, and that get is more frequent than have in
the imperative form.
Get your hair cut!

2. Rewrite these sentences using have or get.

● The mechanic changed the oil in my car  I had the oil in my car
changed.
● The hairdresser cut my hair in a completely different style.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● A decorator has repainted our house.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● A friend of mine is going to repair my DVD player next week.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● My jacket is being cleaned at a specialist cleaner s.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● The town hall has just been rebuilt for the council.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

70
 ● The mechanics service cars our cars in the garage.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● Architect design Slamet‘s new houses.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● Accountants do annual accounts of my company.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
● Specialist cleaner s mend the suits of the employees.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Online Resources:
http://goo.gl/FECBpL

71
 Getting Back Home

One of the most interesting discussions among students who have the opportunity
to study abroad is about culture shock. Culture shock can literally happens twice,
that is when students first set foot in foreign countries and when they come back to
their home countries. It is said that the culture shock which occurs to students who
re-enter to their home country is more challenging than the other culture shock.
This kind of culture shock is commonly called ―reverse culture shock‖. A reverse
culture shock happens because very often students expect to be able to pick up
exactly where they leave off. A problem arises when reality does not meet these
expectations. Home may fall short of what students have envisioned, and things
may have changed at home. This is part of why home may feel so foreign. The
following conversation illustrates two returnees who just got home from the United
States and Japan.
Ahmad : Hey Anis, what‘s up? When did you arrive?
Anis : Hey Ahmad, not much my friend! I arrived last week. What about you?
How was Japan? Did you like it?
Ahmad : I arrived two weeks ago. Japan was amazing. Yeah, I really liked it,
especially because I made a lot of new friends, you know?
Anis : I am very happy that you made a lot of friends there. By the way, what
happens with you, Ahmad? You look pale. Are you sick?
Ahmad : Yeah, I have had cough since I got home. I was so shocked how bad
the air pollution in Jakarta is! I think the air pollution is getting worse. I
also could not believe the fact that people are smoking everywhere. I
don‘t remember how bad Jakarta was when I left five years ago.
Anis : I know right! What shocked me was that all the price is nearly three
times more expensive than when I went to the United States three
years ago. I still remember I could buy a glass of ice tea for Rp.

72
 1.500,00, but now it is Rp. 4.000,00. I think the city that we live in has
fallen to a very bad inflation.
Ahmad : Well, that is not the only story, Anis. What saddened me was the fact
that most of my friends have gotten married now, and here I am still a
single man. My friends and I used to hang out a lot during weekends
but now they have families and almost no time to even have a coffee
together on Saturday evenings.
Anis : That is so true, Ahmad. I am also sad seeing that my parents are
getting very old and starting to have problems with their health. Their
hair is turning grey and they look weaker.
Ahmad : I think both of us are experiencing what people call ―reverse culture
shock‖.
Anis : Yeah, I could not agree more.
Ahmad : let‘s not be drowned in it. We can still take the positive side of our
situation. The reality that we are facing means that this world is
dynamic, you know?! Let‘s think about what is next after we completed
our degrees. So what is your plan?
Anis : I have thought about applying for teaching positions at several
universities. I have always wanted to teach because I think that is one
of many ways I can do to give back to our beloved country, by
dedicating myself in education. What about you, Ahmad?
Ahmad : I have applied for jobs in a couple of companies and the good news is I
will be having an interview next week.
Anis : Yay! I am very happy for you, Ahmad. I hope you will get the job.
Ahmad : Thanks, Anis! I hope you will soon teach too.
Anis : Thanks! Let‘s keep our fingers crossed together. Alright, my bus is
coming. I will see you later.
Ahmad : See you, Anis. You take care!
Anis : You too!

A. Text Comprehensions:
1. Who arrived earlier in Indonesia?
2. Where did Anis go to study?
3. What made Ahmad sick?
4. Where did the conversation take place?
5. ―I still remember I could buy a glass of ice tea for Rp. 1.500,00, but now it
is Rp. 4.000,00.‖ The word ‗it’ refers to…
6. In percentage, how much more expensive is an ice tea from three years
ago?

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 7. What are the problems that Anis and Ahmad faced when they got home?
8. What are Anis‘ and Ahmad‘s plan after they got home?
9. Why would Anis want to teach?
10. In your own words, how do you define a reverse culture shock?

B. Collocations and idioms: learn the meaning, pronounce, and use them in
your own sentences
1. Culture shock: experiencing difficulties to adapt with new culture.
Example:
● Culture shock can literally happens twice.
● I am still confused with the driving rules in this country. I think I am
experiencing a culture shock.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Leave off: to leave for a certain of time or to stop.

Example:
● Students expect to be able to pick up exactly where they leave off.
● I have finished my work, so I will leave off my laptop for now.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Fall short: to fall below the expectation or to run out.

Example:
● Home may fall short of what students have envisioned.
● Her money falls short, so she has to borrow from her friends.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

4. What‘s up?: how are you?

Example:
● Hey Anis, what’s up?
● What’s up, Joko? You look so happy today.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Not much: okay or just so so.

Example:
● Hey Ahmad, not much my friend!
● If you ask me how I am right now, I would say not much.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 6. Hang out: get together.
Example:
● My friends and I used to hang out a lot during weekends.
● I like to hang out at Cafe Ole with my friends on Saturday night.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7. Could not agree more: strongly agree.

Example:
● I could not agree more. Let‟s do it now.
● Your idea is so great that I could not agree more.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8. Keep fingers crossed: to hope or pray.

Example:
● Let‟s keep our fingers crossed together.
● I will keep my fingers crossed for you. You will win the game.
● ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Conversational Practices: Thinking about a Problem; Seeing a Good Side

1. Thinking about a problem:
 I was so shocked how bad the air pollution in Jakarta is!
 I also could not believe the fact that people are smoking everywhere.
 I think the city that we live in has fallen to a very bad inflation.
Other ways to express thinking about a problem:
 In a case like this, I think the root of the problem comes from…
 In a situation like this, we should act calmly.
2. Seeing a good side:
 Let’s not be drowned in it. We can still take the positive side of our
situation.
 The reality that we are facing means that this world is dynamic, you
know?!
Other ways to express seeing a good side:
 At least we are safe.
 Although we are not rich, we have a happy family.
 I failed the test, but I got a useful experience of how the test looked like.
Task. Work in pairs and use the phrases above to think about a problem and
see a good side. Use the situations below:

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 1. You work in an international company and get a good salary. Your company
is in a difficult situation and cannot pay for its employees‘ salary and debt.
Although you are a good employee, your company still fires you.
2. The election to choose the new governor is nearing. There is a rumor that all
the candidates are practicing a money-politic.
3. Indonesia is said to be a maritime country. However, the volume of fish
export is still below the target. Worse, many fishes are being stolen by
fishermen from neighboring countries.
4. Teachers are paid very little to educate students, but TV stars are paid very
high to ruin students‘ morality.
5. The government encourages and pushes the young generation to study hard
as well as be creative and contributive for the development of this country.
However, it seems that the government never fully appreciates the creation
of its people.

D. Grammar Focus: Relative Clause

We use relative clauses to give additional information about something without
starting another sentence. A relative clause always modifies a certain noun.
Relative clause is also called adjective clause.

Adjectives Adjective Clauses

An adjective usually comes in front of a An adjective clause follows a noun

noun

I met a pretty girl I met a girl who is really pretty

Adj. N N Adjective Clause

Simply, we use relative clauses join two English sentences, or to give more
information about something.
Example:
The following conversation illustrates two returnees.
Returnees just got home.
The following conversation illustrates two returnees who just got home.
N Adjective Clause

Relative clauses typically follow a group of connecting words called Relative

Pronouns. They are: Who, Which, That, Whose, and Whom. However, relative
clauses sometimes also follow question words such as When and Where.
Example of relative clauses that follow When and Where:

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The city where I live is just a small city.
N Relative Clause

I still remember the time when she came.

N Relative Clause

Task. Fill the blanks with correct answers.

1. The university …. I completed my masters degree was La Trobe University.
2. This concept, .... I believe is based on an empirical study, will get an
acceptance from educators.
3. The professor …. Ricky met last week died in a car accident.
4. The tallest building …. on the sixth street is the famous Burj Khalifa.
5. Roni Esteler, …. work is never appreciated, is the inventor of electric cars in
Indonesia.
6. I do not remember the moment …. I first met you.
7. The song …. was sung by Sandi Sandoro was nominated as the best solo
song of this year.
8. I cannot believe I found the classic book …. had been missing for two
hundred years.
9. I admire a person …. would put people interest above his own interest.
10. Don‘t worry. The place …. you want spend your vacation is just two hours
away from here.

Online Resources:
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/relative-clauses
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/clause-phrase-and-
sentence/verb-patterns/relative-clauses
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/relative-clauses.html

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 References

Azar, B. S. (1992). Fundamentals of English Grammar. Englewood Cliffs, NJ.:

Prentice Hall.
Frank, M. (1972). Modern English: A Practical Reference Guide. Englewood Cliffs,
NJ.: Prentice Hall.
Thomson, A. J., Martinet, A. V. (1995). A Practical English Grammar. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
http://www.weblearn.in/degrees_of_comparison/
http://www.english-for-students.com/Degrees-of-Comparison.html
http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-
21364.php
http://www.englishgrammar.org/
http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/
http://www.usingenglish.com/handouts/
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech.html
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplefuture.html
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/talking-about-
future
http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/future.htm
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/present-
tense/present-perfect
http://grammar.about.com/od/il/g/impersent09.htm
http://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/imperative-sentence.html
http://www.k12reader.com/learn-about-imperative-sentences-now/
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/phrasal-verbs
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/phrasal-verbs
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/causatives-have-get.html
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/relative-clauses
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/clause-phrase-and-
sentence/verb-patterns/relative-clauses
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/relative-clauses.html

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Biography of Hanung Triyoko S.S.,
M.Hum., M.Ed.

Hanung Triyoko is an English lecturer and

the chief of the International Language
Services Unit (UPB) at the Salatiga State
Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN
Salatiga). He is very thankful that in his
career as an English educator he inspired
many smart, self-seeking students such as
Miftachudin, Nazil, Azis, and many more, to
do the best for themselves and the nation
Indonesia.

His late father Bp. Suyadi and his late

mother Ibu Endang had clearly instilled in
him a love for learning. Born in Surakarta, in Central Java, his undergraduate
degree was completed in the English Literature Department of the University of
Gadjah Mada. Successful in his application for an Australia Award, Hanung spent
two years in Australia to complete his Master‘s degree in Educational Leadership and
Management. It was his second Master‘s degree since he already hold a Master‘s
degree in Linguistics from Gadjah Mada University in 2005. After finishing his
studies in Australia in 2009, Hanung returned to his role as a senior educator at
IAIN Salatiga.

Married to Ina Ariani Rahayu and has two children Faiz and Ayya, his near future
goal now is to pursue a doctoral degree in Linguistics with a main interest in Corpus
Linguistics and his long future goal is to establish a school which makes the most of
available ICTs. He wants that this school will also represent in practical terms the
value of international networking.

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 Biography of Miftachudin, S.Pd.I,
MA (Educational Technology &
TESOL)

Miftachudin is a professional English

lecturer who has a strong interest in
blending technology in English teaching
and learning process.

He is a persistent scholarship hunter

who is never afraid of being rejected by
scholarship providers. At the final
stage, ICCR India and Ford Foundation offered him postgraduate scholarship. He
opted Ford Foundation to support his study in Manchester University, The United
Kingdom in the year of 2011.

His main characters are multitasking and industrious. Having graduated from
Manchester University in 2012, he recently teaches higher education students, gives
English training, presents seminar locally and nationally, writes books, does
blogging (www.rumahbelajarabi.com) and socio-entrepreneurship, and administers
online English learning.

Out of his professional life, he lives with his wife; Anisatu Solihah and two Children;
Maulana Yusuf Haidar and Putri Alya Maulana. In spite of building a strong family,
he still does not lose his focus to pursue scholarship for doctoral degree in 2016 on
the area of technology and English teaching. Wish him luck!

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 Biography of Muhammad Nazil
Iqdami, S. Pd. I., M. Ed.

Muhammad Nazil Iqdami is an alumni of

IAIN Salatiga‘s English Department. He
got his bachelor degree in 2011 and
continued his study at the University of
Georgia, USA, where he received a
Master of Education degree in Learning,
Design, and Technology (formerly known
as Instructional Design and Technology)
under the Fulbright scholarship. His
passion on educational research and
evaluation has given him many
opportunities to participate and to
present his research proposals in international conferences on education and
technology such as AECT International Convention in Jacksonville, Florida, USA, in
2014. He is also an active proposals reviewer for AECT conventions.

Nazil is currently a teaching assistant at IAIN Salatiga. He teaches subjects such as

Medium of Language Teaching, TOEFL Preparations, IELTS Preparations, and
Statistics.

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Biography of Nurul Azis, S. Pd. I.,
M.TESOL

Nurul Azis is an English teacher for

Indonesian people, a Bahasa Indonesia
teacher for foreigner, a husband of
Ratna and a Blogger.

Nurul Azis‘ international adventure was

started in 2009 while he was in the 6th
semester at IAIN Salatiga (formerly
known as STAIN Salatiga) by joining
Indonesia English Language Study
Program in The University of Arizona,
USA. He then applied for Fulbright
Foreign Language Teaching assistant
and was accepted to teach Bahasa
Indonesia in Northern Illinois University, USA. He had an amazing two-semesters-
experience of teaching American university students. Azis continued his journey to
Australia in 2013 by teaching Bahasa Indonesia as a Language Assistant in 2 High
Schools and 3 Primary Schools in Western Australia for four terms. This year, 2019,
he has returned to Indonesia with his Master Degree from Monash University
Austrian in the field of teaching English.

Azis is really keen on learning English and develops an English learning site for
beginners on: www.BelajarBahasaInggrisDasar.com

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