3 | Life and Works of Rizal 43

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UNIT 3: RIZAL’S TOUR

3.0 Learning Outcomes

On completion of the module, you should be able to:
a. Trace Rizal’s travel and his personal and critical observations he wrote in
his diary.;
b. Conclude the sacrifices he and his family made to achieve his
mission/goals; and
c. Trace Rizal’s travel and his personal and critical observations he wrote in
his diary;

3.1 Introduction

In this module there are Trivial information that is being attached here.

In the You try this section is where you are going to answer a certain questions
and exercises for your grade in participation.

3.2 Discussion and Assessment

Jose Rizal’s first Travel Abroad

May 3, 1882 –
• Rizal left for the Philippines for the first time.
• He boarded the Spanish Streamer Salvadora.

• The purpose of his secret departure for Spain is to avoid detection by the
Spanish authorities and friars. Paciano, his only brother knew about his
secret departure for Spain.
• His brother Paciano told Jose to use his cousin’s name Jose Paciano.
• Rizal was the only Filipino, the rest were Spaniards, British and Indian
Negros.

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• The ship captain from Asturias Spain, was described
him as affable man who is more refined than his own
countrymen and colleagues.

May 9, 1882 – SINGAPORE

• The ship stayed on Singapore for a while

May 11, 1882 - Captain Donato Lecha

• He boarded the ship Djemnah (French Streamer)
• Hotel de La Paz - Rizal registered here and spent two days on a
sightseeing soiree of the city, which was a colony of England.

May 17, 1882 –

• Djamnah reached point Galle, a seacoast town in southern Ceylon (now
Sri Lanka)

May 18, 1882 –

Rizal reached Colombo, Capital of Ceylon

Rizal wrote:
"Colombo is more beautiful, smart and elegant than Singapore, Point Galle and
Manila"

ADEN - City hotter than Manila; Rizal was amused to see the camels, for the
first time

City of Suez - The Red Sea terminal of the Suez Canal

Rizal was impressed in the beautiful moonlight which reminded him of
Calamba and his family

June 11, 1882

• He reached Naples
• “Is the capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy,
after Rome and Milan"

June 12, 1882 - the steamer docked at the French harbor of Marseilles

Did you know?

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* At age two, Jose Rizal could already write and read. He wrote his first poem at the age of 8 entitled ‘Sa Aking Mga Kababata’
(To My Fellow Youth).

Chateau d' If
June 11, 1882- Rizal reached Naples
• Rizal was pleased on this Italian city because of its
business activity, its lively people, and its panoramic beauty
Night of June 12, 1882
• The steamer docked at the French harbor of Marseilles
• Rizal visited the famous Chateau d’If, where Dantes, hero
of the Count of Monte Cristo, was imprisoned
• Rizal stayed two and a half days in Marseilles

3.2.1 His Life in Spain, European Tour with Maximo Viola

3.2.1.1 In Spain

BARCELONA
• Afternoon of May 15, 1882- Rizal left Marseilles by train for the last lap of his trip to
Spain
• Rizal crossed the Pyrenees and stopped for a day at the frontier town of Port Bou
• June 16, 1882- Rizal finally reached his destination—Barcelona
• Rizal’s first impression of Barcelona, the greatest city of Cataluña and Spain’s second
largest city, was unfavorable
• Las Ramblas- the most famous street in Barcelona
• Amor Patrio (Love of Country)- nationalistic essay, Rizal’s first article written on
Spain’s soil under his pen-name Laong Laan, appeared in print in Diariong Tagalog
on August 20, 1882.
It was published in two texts—Spanish and Tagalog—the Spanish text was the one
originally written by Rizal in Barcelona, the tagalog text was a Tagalog translation
made by M.H. del Pilar
• Basilio Teodoro Moran- a friend of Rizal in Manila and the publisher of Diariong
Tagalog where Rizal sent this article
• Diariong Tagalog- the first Manila bilingual newspaper (Spanish and Tagalog)
• Los Viajes (Travels)- Rizal’s second article for Diariong Tagalog

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• Revista de Madrid (Review of Madrid)- Rizal’s third article written in Madrid on
November 29, 1882 but returned to him because the Diariong Tagalog had ceased
publication for lack of funds
• Rizal received sad news about the cholera that was ravaging Manila and the provinces
according to Paciano’s letter, dated September 15, 1882
• Another sad news from the Philippines was the chatty letter of Chengoy recounting
the unhappiness of Leonor Rivera
• In one of his letters (dated May 26, 1882), Paciano advised his younger brother to finish
the medical course in Madrid
• Rizal left Barcelona in the fall of 1882 and established himself in Madrid, the capital of
Spain

LIFE IN MADRID

• November 3, 1882- Rizal enrolled in the Universidad Central de Madrid (Central

University of Madrid) in
two courses—Medicine and Philosophy and Letters
• Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando- Rizal studied painting and sculpture
• Rizal’s only extravagance was investing a few pesetas for a lottery ticket in every draw
of the Madrid Lottery.
• Rizal spent his leisure time reading and writing at his boarding house, attending the
reunions of Filipino students at the house of the Paterno brothers (Antonio, Maximo
and Pedro) and practicing fencing and shooting at the gymnasium
• Antigua Café de Levante-during the summer twilights, this is where Rizal sipped
coffee and fraternized with the students from Cuba, Mexico, Argentina, etc
• On Saturday evenings, Rizal visited the home of Don Pablo Ortiga y Rey who lived
with his son (Rafael) and daughter (Consuelo)
• Circulo Hispano-Filipino (Hispano-Philippine Circle)- a society of Spaniards and
Filipinos which Rizal joined shortly after his arrival in Madrid in 1882.
• Me Piden Versos (They Ask Me For Verses)- upon the request of the members of this
society, Rizal’s wrote this poem which he personally declaimed during the New Year’s
Eve reception of the Madrid Filipinos held in the evening of December 31, 1882 -in this
sad poem, Rizal poured out the cry of his agonizing heart
• Rizal economized on his living expenses, and with the money he saved, he purchased
books from a second-hand book store owned by a certain Señor Roses
• Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew- these two
books aroused Rizal’s sympathy for the oppressed and unfortunate people

3.2.1.2 European Tour

RIZAL’S GRAND TOUR OF EUROPE WITH VIOLA (1887)

• May 11, 1887- Rizal and Viola left Berlin by train
• Dresden- one of the best cities in Germany
• Prometheus Bound-painting wherein Rizal was deeply impressed
• Teschen (now Decin, Czechoslovakia)- next stopover after leaving Dresedn

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Did you know?

* Just like other Filipinos who are eagerly trying their luck to win the lottery, Rizal also joined such type of gambling where he won one-
third of the grand prize (Php 18,000.00) with ticket number 9736. He gave a portion to his father, a friend in Hong Kong and he spent the
rest buying agricultural lands in Talisay.

LEITMERITZ
• At 1:30pm of May 13, 1887- the train, with Rizal and Viola on board, arrived at the
railroad station of Leitmeritz, Bohemia-for the first time, the two great scholars—
Rizal and Blumentritt—met in person
• Professor Blumentritt- a kind-hearted, old Austrian professor
• May 13 to May 16, 1887- Rizal and Viola stayed in Leitmeritz
• Burgomaster- town mayor
• Tourist’s Club of Leitmeritz-which Blumentritt was the secretary; Rizal spoke
extemporaneously in fluent Germany to the officers and members
• Dr. Carlos Czepelak- renowned scientist of Europe
• Professor Robert Klutschak- an eminent naturalist
• May 16, 1887 at 9:45 AM- Rizal and Viola left Leitmeritz by train

PRAGUE
• Dr. Willkomm- professor of natural history in the University of Prague
• According to Viola, “nothing of importance happened” in this city

VIENNA
• May 20, 1887- Rizal and Viola arrived in the beautiful city of Vienna, capital of
Austria-Hungary
• Vienna was truly the “Queen of Danube” because of its beautiful buildings, religious
images, haunting waltzes and majestic charm
• Norfentals- one of the greatest Austrian novelists was favorably impressed by Rizal,
and years later he spoke highly of Rizal, “whose genius he so much admired.”
• Hotel Metropole- where Rizal and Viola stayed
• In Vienna, Rizal received his lost diamond stickpin

DANUBIAN VOYAGE TO LINTZ

• May 24, 1887- Rizal and Viola left Vienna on a river boat to see the beautiful sights of
the Danube River
• Rizal particularly noticed that the passengers on the river boat were using paper
napkins during the meals, which was a novelty to him. Viola, commented that the
paper napkins were “more hygienic and economical than cloth napkins”

FROM LINTZ TO RHEINFALL

• Munich- where Rizal and Viola sojourned for a short time to savor the famous
Munich beer, reputed to be the best in Germany
• Nuremberg- one of the oldest cities of Germany
• The Cathedral of Ulm- the largest and tallest cathedral in all Germany
• From Ulm, they went to Stuttgart, Baden and then Rheinfall (Cascade of the Rhine).
At Rheinfall, they saw the waterfall, “the most beautiful waterfall of Europe”

CROSSING THE FRONTIER TO SWITZERLAND

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• June 2 to 3, 1887- stayed at Schaffhausen, Switzerland

Did you know?

*Rizal is one of the few recognized ‘Renaissance man’ in the world. A Renaissance man is a well-educated person and one who
excels in a wide variety of subjects or fields. He was an anthropologist, ethnologist, economist, sociologist, educator, architect, engineer,
sculptor, painter, playwright, novelist, historian, journalist, farmer, dramatist, ophthalmologist, martial artist, and a cartographer,
among other things.
GENEVA
• This Swiss city is one of the most beautiful cities in Europe, visited by world tourists
every year
• June 19, 1887- Rizal treated Viola to a blow-out. It was his 26th birthday
• Rizal and Viola spent fifteen delightful days in Geneva
• June 23, 1887- Viola and Rizal parted ways—Viola returned to Barcelona while Rizal
continued the tour to Italy
• Exposition of the Philippines in Madrid, Spain- Rizal was outraged by this
degradation of his fellow countrymen the Igorots of Northern Luzon.
RIZAL IN ITALY
• June 27, 1887- Rizal reached Rome, the “Eternal City” and also called the “City of the
Caesars”
• Rizal was thrilled by the sights and memories of the Eternal City. Describing to
Blumentritt, the “grandeur that was Rome”, he wrote on June 27, 1887
• June 29, 1887- the Feast Day of St. Peter and St. Paul, Rizal visited for the first time the
Vatican, the “City of the Popes” and the capital of Christendom
• Every night, after sightseeing the whole day, Rizal returned to his hotel, very tired. “I
am tired as a dog,” he wrote to Blumentritt, “but I will sleep as a God”
• After a week of wonderful sojourn in Rome, Rizal prepared to return to the
Philippines. He had already written to his father that he was coming home.

3.2.2 Rizal’s First Homecoming

FIRST HOMECOMING (1887-1888) -Because of the publication of the Noli Me Tangere and
the uproar it caused among the friars, Rizal was warned by Paciano (his brother),
Silvestre Ubaldo (his brother-in-law), Chengoy (Jose M. Cecilio) and other friends
not to return home. -Rizal was determined to return to the Philippines for the
following reasons: (1) to operate on his mother’s eyes (2) to serve his people who had
long been oppressed by Spanish tyrants (3) to find out for himself how Noli and his
other writings were affecting Filipinos and Spaniards in the Philippines and (4) to
inquire why Leonor Rivera remained silent

• July 29, 1887- Rizal wrote to his father, announcing his homecoming, “on the 15th
of July, I shall embark for our country, so that from the 15th to the 30th of August,
we shall see each other”

3.2.2.1 Decision to Return Home

DELIGHTFUL TRIP TO MANILA -Rizal left Rome by train for Marseilles, a French port,
which he reached without mishap.
• July 3, 1887-Rizal boarded the steamer Djemnah, the same streamer which brought
him to Europe 5 years ago
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• July 30, 1887-at Saigon, Rizal transferred to another steamer, Haiphong, which was
Manila-bounded
• August 2, 1887- the steamer left Saigon for Manila

Did you know?

*Although Rizal completed a thesis for his doctorate in medicine, he did not technically receive this degree, since he did not
appear to read his thesis aloud as required by the Central University of Madrid. At the time Rizal completed the thesis, he was already
studying ophthalmology in Germany.
ARRIVAL IN MANILA
• August 3, 1887- the moon was full and Rizal slept soundly the whole night. The calm
sea, illuminated by the silvery moonlight, was a magnificent sight to him
• Near midnight of August 5, 1887, the Haiphong arrived in Manila.

3.2.2.2 Happy Homecoming

HOMECOMING
• August 8, 1887- Rizal returned to Calamba
• In Calamba, Rizal established a medical clinic. His first patient was his mother, who
was almost blind.
• Rizal, who came to be called “Doctor Uliman” because he came from Germany,
treated their ailments and soon he acquired a lucrative medical practice • Rizal
opened a gymnasium for young folks, where he introduced European sports • Rizal
suffered one failure during his six months of sojourn in Calamba—his failure to see
Leonor Rivera

STORM OVER THE NOLI

• Governor General Emilio Terrero (1885-1888)-requesting Rizal to come to
Malacańang Palace.
• Don Jose Taviel de Andrade-a young Spanish lieutenant assigned by Governor
General Terrero to posed as bodyguard of Rizal.
• Msgr. Pedro Payo (a Dominican)- sent a copy of Noli to Father Rector Gregorio
Echavarria of the University of Sto. Tomas for examination by a committee of the
faculty.
• The report of the faculty members of University of Santo Tomas stated that the Noli
was “heretical, impious, and scandalous in the religious order and anti-patriotic,
subversive of public order, injurious to the government of Spain and its function in
the Philippine Islands in the political order”.
• Permanent Commission of Censorship-a committee composed of priest and
laymen.
• Fr. Salvador Font- Augustinian cura of Tondo, head of the committee -found the
novel to contain subversive ideas against the Church and Spain, and recommended
“that the importation, reproduction, and circulation of this pernicious book in the
islands be absolutely prohibited.”
• Fr. Jose Rodriguez- Augustinian priest, published a series of eight pamphlets under
the general heading Cuestiones de Sumo Interes (Questions of Supreme Interest) to
blast the Noli and other anti-Spanish writings .

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• Vicente Barrantes- Spanish academician of Madrid, who formerly criticized the
Noli in an article published in La Espańa Moderna (a newspaper of Madrid) in
January, 1890.
• What marred Rizal’s happy days in Calamba with Lt. Andrade were (1) the death
of his older sister, Olimpia, and (2) the groundless tales circulated by his enemies
that he was “a German spy, an agent of Bismarck, a Protestant, a Mason, a witch, a
soul beyond salvation, etc.”
• Rev. Vicente Garcia-a Filipino Catholic priest-scholar, a theologian of the Manila
Cathedral and a Tagalog translator of the famous Imitation of Christ by Thomas A.
Kempis -writing under the penname Justo Desiderio Magalang, wrote a defense of
the Noli which was published in Singapore as an appendix to a pamphlet dated
July 18, 1888, he blasted the arguments of Fr. Rodriguez • Rizal, himself defended
his novel against Barrantes’ attack, in a letter written in Brussels, Belgium in
February 1880.

FAREWELL TO CALAMBA
• The friars asked Governor General Terrero to deport him, but latter refused
because there was no valid charge against Rizal in court.
• Rizal was compelled to leave Calamba for two reasons:
o his presence in Calamba was jeopardizing the safety and happiness of
his family and friends
o he could fight better his enemies and serve his country’s cause with
greater efficacy by writing in foreign countries
• Shortly before Rizal left Calamba in 1888, his friend from Lipa requested him to
write a poem in commemoration of the town’s elevation to a villa (city) by virtue
of the Becerra Law of 1888.
• Himno Al Trabajo (Hymn to Labor)- a poem written by Rizal dedicated to the
industrious folks of Lipa.

3.2.3 Rizal’s and His Second Tour

IN HONGKONG AND MACAO (1888) -Hounded by powerful enemies, Rizal was

forced to leave his country for a second time in February 1888. He was then a full-
grown man of 27 years of age, a practicing physician, and a recognized man-of-letters

3.2.3.1 His trip to Hong Kong, Macao and Japan

THE TRIP TO HONGKONG

• February 3, 1888-Rizal left Manila for Hong Kong on board the Zafiro.
• February 7, 1888- Zafiro made a brief stopover at Amoy.
• Rizal did not get off his ship at Amoy for three reasons:
o he was not feeling well
o it was raining hard
o he heard that the city was dirty
• February 8, 1888- Rizal arrived in Hong Kong
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• Victoria Hotel- Rizal stayed while in Hong Kong. He was welcomed by
Filipino residents, including Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio, and Manuel
Yriarte (son of Francisco Yriarte (son of Francisco Yriarte, alcalde mayor of
Laguna)
• Jose Sainz de Varanda- a Spaniard, who was a former secretary of Governor
General Terrero, shadowed Rizal’s movement in Hong Kong - it is believed
that he was commissioned by the Spanish authorities to spy on Rizal.
• “Hong Kong”, wrote Rizal to Blumentritt on February 16, 1888, “is a small,
but very clean city.”

VISIT TO MACAO
-Macao is a Portuguese colony near Hong Kong.
-According to Rizal, the city of Macao is small, low, and gloomy. There
are many junks, sampans, but few steamers. It looks sad and is almost
dead.

• February 18, 1888- Rizal, accompanied by Basa, boarded the ferry steamer,
Kiu-Kiang for Macao.
• Don Juan Francisco Lecaros- A filipino gentleman married to a Portuguese
lady.
• Rizal and Basa stayed at his home while in Macao.
• February 18, 1888- Rizal witnessed a Catholic possession, in which the
devotees were dressed in blue and purple dresses and were carrying
unlighted candles.
• February 20, 1888- Rizal and Basa returned to Hong Kong, again on board
the ferry steamer Kiu Kiang

DEPARTURE FROM HONG KONG

• February 22, 1888- Rizal left Hong Kong on board the Oceanic, an American
steamer, his destination was Japan.
• Rizal’s cabin mate was a British Protestant missionary who called Rizal “a
good man”

ROMANTIC INTERLUDE IN JAPAN (1888)

-One of the happiest interludes in the life of Rizal was his sojourn in the Land
of the Cherry Blossoms for one month and a half (February 28-April 13, 1888)
• February 28, 1888- early in the morning of Tuesday, Rizal arrived in
Yokohama. He registered at the Grand Hotel.
• Tokyo Hotel- Rizal stayed here from March 2 to March 7.
• Rizal wrote to Professor Blumentritt: “Tokyo is more expensive then Paris.
The walls are built in cyclopean manner. The streets are large and wide.”
• Juan Perez Caballero-secretary of the Spanish Legation, who visited Rizal at
his hotel who latter invited him to live at the Spanish Legation.
• Rizal accepted the invitation for two reasons:
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o he could economize his living expenses by staying at the legation
o he had nothing to hide from the prying eyes of the Spanish
authorities
• March 7, 1888- Rizal checked out of Tokyo Hotel and lived at the Spanish
Legation.
• Rizal was favorably impressed by Japan. The things which favorably
impressed Rizal in Japan were:
o the beauty of the country—its flowers, mountains, streams and
scenic panoramas,
o the cleanliness, politeness, and industry of the Japanese people
o the picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women.
o there were very few thieves in Japan so that the houses remained
open day and night, and in hotel room one could safely leave
money on the table
o beggars were rarely seen in the city, streets, unlike in Manila and
other cities

• Rickshaws-popular mode of transportation drawn by men that Rizal did not

like in Japan.
• April 13, 1888-Rizal left Japan and boarded the Belgic, an English steamer, at
Yokohama, bound for the United States.
• Tetcho Suehiro- a fighting Japanese journalist, novelist and champion of
human rights, who was forced by the Japanese government to leave the
country, a passenger which Rizal befriended on board the Belgic.
• April 13 to December 1, 1888- eight months of intimate acquaintanceship of
Rizal and Tetcho.
• December 1, 1888- after a last warm handshake and bidding each other
“goodbye”, Rizal and Tetcho parted ways—never to meet again.

3.2.3.2 Rizal in the United States

RIZAL’S VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES (1888)

• April 28, 1888- the steamer Belgic, with Rizal on board, docked at San
Francisco on Saturday morning.
• May 4, 1888- Friday afternoon, the day Rizal was permitted to go ashore.
• Palace Hotel- Rizal registered here which was then considered a first-class
hotel in the city.
• Rizal stayed in San Francisco for two days—May 4 to 6, 1888
• May 6, 1888-Sunday, 4:30PM, Rizal left San Francisco for Oakland
• May 13, 1888-Sunday morning, Rizal reached New York, thus ending his trip
across the American continent.
• Rizal stayed three days in this city, which he called the “big town.”

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• May 16, 1888- Rizal left New York for Liverpool on board the City of Rome.
According to Rizal, this steamer was “the second largest ship in the world,
the largest being the Great Eastern”.

Did you know?

* He mastered 22 languages: Hebrew, Filipino, Ilokano, Bisayan, Subanon, Chinese, Latin, Spanish, Greek, English, French, German,
Arabic, Malay, Sanskrit, Dutch, Japanese, Catalan, Italian, Portugese, Swedish and Russian.

Rizal had good and bad impressions of the United States. The good
impressions were
o the material progress of the country as shown great cities, huge farms,
flourishing industries and busy factories
o the drive and energy of the American people
o the natural beauty of the land
o the high standard of living
o the opportunities for better life offered to poor immigrants
One bad impression Rizal had of America was the lack of racial equality:
o “America is the land par excellence of freedom but only for the whites”

3.3 References

https://sites.google.com/site/joserizalournationalhero/trivias-about-our-national-
hero

https://prezi.com/_cvd3hxbz1d0/first-travel-abroad-of-dr-jose-rizal-1882-
1887/?frame=7ce33c7f8e8445cfcfe6e5fad8c4ec44ee97fa37

https://aboutphilippines.org/doc-pdf-ppt-etc/anoutlineofjoserizalslife-
181127014045.pdf

https://aboutphilippines.org/doc-pdf-ppt-etc/anoutlineofjoserizalslife-
181127014045.pdf

3.4 Acknowledgment

The images, and information contained in this module were taken from the
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 3 | Life and Works of Rizal 54

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references cited above.

EXERCISE 3

Multiple Choice
Direction: Read and analyze the following questions and write the letter only of best answer.

1. What does Noli me tangere means?

a. Respect me
b. Don’t you dare
c. My skin
d. Touch me not.
2. What is the full name of Dr. Jose P. Rizal?
a. Jose Protacio Rizal y Mercado Realonda
b. Jose Protacio Rizal y Alonso Mercado
c. Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
d. Jose Rizal Protacio Mercado y Realonda Alonso
3. What is the exception of choosing Rizal as national hero?
a. Martyrdom of Dr. Jose Rizal was a symbol of Spanish oppression.
b. He was popular with so many ladies
c. He urged reform from within by publicity, by public education, and appeal to the
public conscience.
d. All of the above
4. What Republic Act is known as Rizal law?
a. RA 1422 c. RA 1424
b. RA 1423 d. RA 1425
5. Who was the author of the Rizal Bill?
a. Claro M. Recto c. Ralph M. Recto
b. Claro S. Recto d. Ralph S. Recto
6. Who was the first teacher of Rizal?
a. His Uncle c. His Father
b. His Mother d. His only brother
7. Who discovered Rizal’s Retraction letter.?
a. Guardia Civil c. Fr. Antonio de Morga
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b. Fr. Manuel Garcia d. Emilio Aguinaldo
8. Who doesn’t know that Rizal is leaving for Spain?
a. His parents c. Some Close Friends
b. his sisters d. Paciano
9. What was the name of the ship Rizal boarded going Singapore?
a. Belvic c. Hayfong
b. Salvadora d. Djemah
10. In Heidelberg, Rizal worked in the clinic of what famous Polish ophthalmologist?
a. Belvic c. Dr. Louise de Weckert
b. Dr. Javier Galezowsky d. Dr. Otto Becker

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