Model Questions – 2078 (2021)

Subject: Compulsory English (004) Full Marks: 100

Time: 3 hrs. Pass Marks: 35

Set A
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
One of the foremost American entertainers of the first part of the
twentieth century was a part-Cherokee Native American named Will
Rogers (1879-1935). Rogers was born in territory that would later
become the state of Oklahoma and spent much of his youth riding horses
and mastering the use of the lariat. These skills were refined into an
entertainment act based on fancy rope tricks interspersed with humorous
anecdotes and witty remarks. Travelling widely as a vaudeville
entertainer, Rogers had become a star act by 1915 with the Ziegfeld
follies, a famous stage show. In 1918 his stage skills led to a new career
as a movie actor both in silent films and later in the "talkies".
In the early 1920s, Rogers embarked on another profession, this
time as a journalist writing weekly newspaper columns that reached
millions of people worldwide. Beginning in 1930 he also broadcast
regular radio addresses. What distinguished his journalistic approach was
his firsthand experience of ordinary people and places and a wry sense of
humor, often debunking established figures and institutions. This poking
fun on the serious side of life, combined with an optimistic homespun
philosophy, gave him immense popular appeal. He became a national and
international celebrity and acquired the unofficial status of a goodwill
ambassador during his travels in Europe. He also had a strong
philanthropic streak and devoted money and time to charitable causes.
Rogers also had a keen interest in flying. He often wrote about the
development of aviation and friends with trailblazing flyers such as
Charles Lindbergh. Another pioneering aviator, Wiley Post, invited
Rogers to join him in testing the viability of a commercial route between
the United States and Asia. Tragically, both Rogers and Post were killed
when their plane crashed in northern Alaska. Roger's death was felt
deeply throughout the United States and the public displays of mourning
were heartfelt and widespread. The epitaph by his tomb is taken from one
of his numerous quotable remarks and reminds us of the essential dignity
of the man. It reads, "Never Met A Man I Didn't Like".

Trinity International Secondary School 1

 Questions:
(a) What is the passage mainly about?
(b) Where and how did Rogers spend much of his youth?
(c) What was the basic difference between Rogers and other journalists?
(d) What status did he acquire being an international celebrity?
(e) How was Rogers killed?
2. Answer any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) How did Alyohin define love? (About Love)
(b) Give a physical description of the uncle. (A Story)
(c) Why does the boy keep on repeating the sentence "Now they are
going to see who I am"? (The Last Voyage of the Ghost Ship)
(d) What is the intention of the speaker in using Tammy's example?
(The Children Who Wait)
(e) Why did the speaker admit his deed at the end? (The Tell-Tale
Heart)
(f) Give a short character sketch of Mrs. Mooney. (The Boarding
House)
3. Answer any one of the following: [10]
(a) Write a summary of "Purgatory". Also discuss its theme.
(b) Discuss Jack Zipes's comments of "Hansel and Gretel".
4. Change the questions below to information questions: [5]
(a) Are we having tomato/chicken/mushroom soup today?
(b) Are there four/five/six of you?
(c) Are you going to boil/fry/scramble those eggs?
(d) Are you Margaret's cousin/brother/nephew?
(e) Have you given away/sold/burnt my old football boots?
5. Change the following remarks using 'supposed to' as given in the
example: [5]
Example: I hear he had a heart attack two years ago.
He is supposed to have had a heart attack two years ago.
(a) I am told that he was a lorry driver at one time.
(b) Apparently Venice is slowly sinking into the sea.
(c) Apparently Marilyn Monroe was an insomniac.
(d) They say there is a monster in Loch Ness.
(e) People say garlic stops you catching a cold.
6. Example: Cross the road/look both ways. [5]
A: You should look both ways before you cross the road.
B: You should not cross the road before/until you have looked
both ways.
C: Otherwise you might get run over.
Now say what order you should do these things in, and why,
as in the example above.

Trinity International Secondary School 2

 (a) Wind the film on/close the camera.
(b) Read the label/wash a blouse.
(c) Change a fuse/turn off the mains.
(d) Close your windows/go out.
(e) Bandage a wound/clean it.
7. Respond to the following situations briefly: [5]
(a) Tell a friend what you're doing at the moment.
(b) Someone next to you is smoking. Tell him not to do so.
(c) You're in love with your classmate. Propose him/her.
(d) Your flat mate says to you 'Bill's coming to super tonight, isn't he?
Correct him/her.
(e) A child asks you 'why does the kitchen window get all wet when
you are cooking' Explain.
8. Write a horoscope, as published in a magazine, for the zodiac sign
"Sagittarius". [5]
9. You have heard some gossip about someone. Pass it on to a friend. [5]
10. Look at the following headline and make up the story which is suitable to
publish in a newspaper: [5]
Peace talks break down
11. Write a paragraph on 'Pros and Cons of Telephone'. [5]
12. Write a letter of application for the post of a manager at Dreamland
Hotel. [10]
13. Write an essay on 'Teaching', as a profession. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 3

 Set B
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
The country's present condition is very fragile. Communal violence has
caught parts of the country. There is no law and order in several districts of
Terai. In the absence of law and order, local things and criminals have taken
the law into their hands. Above all, the acute brought to almost a halt in fact,
the petrol crisis has reached a new height. Unless the government hikes the
fuel prices, the adequate fuel supply will be impossible. The unscrupulous
petrol dealers, who sell adulterated petrol and diesel in the black market, are
having their heydays. What has stunned the people is the way the
government is taking the short supply and adulteration of petrol so high. A
liter of petrol in the black-market is costing the twice the market price. The
adulterated petrol being sold in the market has damaged the vehicles. The
people can no more tolerate such an indecision that is crippling the normal
life of the people.
Unfortunately, the government is not serious about such a serious
matter. This very indifference may back fire on the interim government
anytime soon.
Questions:
(a) What is the result of lawlessness in the country?
(b) What is a serious concern of the day?
(c) What is the best solution of the petroleum crisis?
(d) What do you mean by adulteration? What is its bad effect?
(e) What actually happens if the people cannot tolerate any longer?
2. Regret doing the things below. Add an 'If… sentence showing the
consequence of your action and a Then … sentence, showing a further
consequence. [5]
Example: You went to the party.
I wish I hadn't gone to the party. If hadn't gone, I would not have
drunk. And then I would not have had that accident on the way
home.
(a) You did not unplug your television.
(b) You lost your passport.
3. Emphasize the right order in the given cases: [5]
(a) bandage a would/clean it.
(b) pay the bill/check it.
(c) change a fuse/turn off the mains.
(d) wash your hands/eat.
(e) have some driving lessons/take your driving test.
4. Write a description of your father. Mention briefly about his height, weight
and build, and describe his face in detail or a police description of a criminal.
[5]
5. Write a paragraph describing your attitude towards 'Beggars' or 'Door-to door
salesman'. [5]

Trinity International Secondary School 4

6. Rewrite the following sentences with another comparative sentence
beginning with the words given; [5]
Example: The children ought to go to bed much earlier than they do.
The children do not go to bed as early as they ought to.
(a) He is not supposed to drink quite as much as he does.
He drinks ……………
(b) You did not need to get up early as you did.
7. Combine the following pairs of sentences into indirect questions: [5]
Example: What does he do for a living? I often wonder.
I often wonder what he does for a living.
(a) Does she like classical music? Can you remember?
(b) Where are you going for your holidays? Have you decided yet?
(c) Are you coming tomorrow? I need to know now.
(d) Did you ever find your camera? I have been meaning to ask you.
(e) Was he alone? Did you notice?
8. Make up a story from the headlines below. Describe what has happened, the
details of what happened, what has/has not happened since, what has been
happening, what is going to happen? [5]
(a) Peace talks break down on first day.
(b) New king abdicates.
(c) New casino destroyed in blaze.
(d) Tanker sinks on maiden voyage.
(e) Jewel thief caught red handed.
9. How would you describe a person who … [5]
(a) … gives away lots of money?
(b) … never loses his temper?
(c) … jokes about everything?
(d) … expects good things to happen?
(e) … doubts what you tell him?
10. Write three paragraphs about the use of computer or a review of a film. [10]
11. Answer any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) Show how action develops stanza by stanza in the poem, 'Travelling
through the Dark'.
(b) How did Hansel and Gretel manage to return home at the first time?
(c) Write a paragraph about Lydia Pinkham. (Women's Business)
(d) What imageries do you find in the poem 'Grandmother'?
(e) Do you find any instance that shows the Karnali People as
superstitious? (Hurried Trip to Avoid a Bad Star)
(f) Write a paragraph about Mr. Doran. (The Boarding House)
12. Write an essay on 'Art and Life' or 'Youth and Age'. [10]
13. Write the summary and theme of the play 'Purgatory' or the story 'The Tell-
Tale Heart'. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 5

 Set C
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
The damming of river systems in the northwestern United States has
had devastating effects on salmon. In the spring young salmon, called
smolts, drift into rivers from smaller streams. They swim with the current
downstream heading for the Pacific Ocean. Before the large-scale
construction of dams, the young salmon used the strong flow from
melting snows to get to the sea in between six and twenty days. It is
necessary to do this because during these days the smolts' bodies undergo
the physiological changes for adaptation to salt water.
Unfortunately, the current has become very slow due to the
construction of numerous dams. Companies operating the dams also
internationally slow the current. They store the water from the melting
snow until the winter, when more electric power is needed. The net result
is that many of the young fish do not survive the now sixty-day trip to the
sea. Consequently, there are fewer adult salmon to migrate back up the
rivers for breeding. When it comes time for the salmon to return, they
again face the problem of dams. As fewer adult salmon are able to get
back to their cool upstream water, they fail to produce a sufficiently
numerous new generation of salmon. This cycle could eventually lead to
extinction of the fish.
Attempts are being made to transport the young salmon downriver
by barge. However, many scientists think this artificial method of getting
the fish to the sea kills more than it saves. Another suggestion, recently
proposed by environmentalists, is to increase the rate of water flow. This
would be a partial solution to the declining salmon numbers. One method
of doing this would call for releasing water from upstream reservoirs.
This would speed up the downstream movement of the smolts.
Another method would be to reduce the water level in the reservoirs
for a period in the spring when the smolts are migrating downstream.
This would also increase the flow rate temporarily without requiring
massive mounts of water and, thus, enable the young salmon to move
downstream faster. Unfortunately, both of these proposals have met with
criticism from the power companies.
Questions:
(a) What is the main topic of the passage?
(b) According to the passage what is the main cause for the extinction
of salmon in northwestern United States?
(c) Why are attempts to transport the young salmon downriver by barge
criticized by the scientists?

Trinity International Secondary School 6

 (d) What has been recently suggested by environmentalists to save
salmon?
(e) Why do you think both proposals have met with criticism from the
power companies?

2. Answer any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) Explain the title of the poem 'The Lamentation of the old Pensioner'.
(b) What is the theme of 'Full Falthom Five Thy Father Lies'?
(c) Give a short character sketch of the uncle. (A Story)
(d) Explain King's analogy of the bad check. (I Have a Dream)
(e) Who was Lydia Pinkham and how did she make her place in the
business world? (Women's Business)
(f) What led the speaker to the confession of his crime? (The Tell-Tale
Heart)

3. Answer any one of the following: [10]

(a) Write a summary of "A Story". Is it a story proper or simply a
crowd of various people? Discuss.
(b) Discuss Bruno Bettelheim's comments on "Hansel and Gretel".

4. Little is known of the recluse millionaire Louis S. Denver. Rewrite the

information about him given below as in the example. [4]
Example: He was born in Manchester in 1932. (know)
He is known to have been born in Manchester in 1932.
(a) His parents took him to America when he was seven. (think)
(b) He is worth five billion dollars. (estimate)
(c) He is living on a remote Greek island. (rumour)
(d) He was responsible for several murders in the sixties. (allege)

5. Change the following remarks using 'supposed to' as given in the

example: [4]
Example: I hear he had a heart attack two years ago.
He is supposed to have had a heart attack two years ago.
(a) Apparently elephants have very long memories.
(b) People say it's unlucky to walk under a ladder.
(c) They say there's monster in Loch Ness.
(d) People say she was born on board a ship.

Trinity International Secondary School 7

6. Example: Cross the road/look both ways. [4]
A: You should look both ways before you cross the road.
B: You should not cross the road before/until you have looked
both ways.
C: Otherwise you might get run over.
Now say what order you should do these things in, and why, as in the
example above.
(a) revise well/leave the examination hall.
(b) bandage a wound/clean it.
(c) listen to the weather forecast/go sailing.
(d) pay the bill/check it.

7. Respond to the following situations briefly: [4]

(a) You're feeling depressed. Make a wish.
(b) A friend asks you 'what are the advantages of having a credit card'.
What do you reply?
(c) You arrive late at a meeting. Apologize.
(d) In a job you're asked what sort of people you get on with. What do
you say?

8. Combine the following pairs of sentences into indirect questions: [4]

Example: What does he do for a living? I often wonder.
I often wonder what he does for a living.
(a) What crime has he been charged with? Do you know?
(b) What time does the concert start? I have no idea.
(c) Did he look angry? Did you notice?
(d) What is your brother's name? I have forgotten.
9. Write a horoscope, as published in a magazine, for the zodiac sign
"Gemini". [5]
10. You have just had some very good news. Tell someone about it. [5]
11. Look at the following headline and make up the story which is suitable to
publish in a newspaper: Airport Collision: 20 Killed [5]
12. Write a paragraph on 'Importance of the Space Shuttle'. [5]
13. Write a letter of application for the post of Computer Operator at
Mercantile Pvt. Ltd., King's Way. [10]
14. Write a paragraph on 'Nationalism'. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 8

 Set D
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
The erotic lover focuses on beauty & physical attractiveness,
sometimes to the exclusion of qualities we might consider more
important and more enduring. Furthermore, the erotic lover has an
idealized image of beauty that is unattainable in reality. Consequently,
the erotic lover often feels unfulfilled. Erotic lovers are particularly
sensitive to physical imperfections in their beloveds – a nose that is too
long, a complexion that is blemished, a figure that is a bit too full, & so
on, and that is one reason why the erotic lover wants to experience the
entire person as quickly in the relationship as possible.
Eros is an ego-centered love, a love that is given to someone
because that person will return the love. It is in this sense a utilitarian,
rational love because it is a calculated love with an anticipated return.
Eros is essentially hedonistic: it is a sensual love of the physical qualities
of an individual. Physical attraction is paramount. Eros is a
discriminating type of love; it is selective in its love objects. It is directed
to return equally valuable love.
Questions:
(a) What are the main features of an erotic lover?
(b) Why does the erotic lover want to experience the entire person as
quickly as possible?
(c) Why is Eros an ego-centered love?
(d) For lovers, physical attraction is paramount. Do you think such love
is an ideal one?
(e) Summarize the passage in about 40 words.
2. Answer any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) Why do you think Anna and Alyohin delayed the confession of their
love? (About Love)
(b) Why does the poet hesitate before pushing the dead deer off the
road? (Traveling Through the Dark)
(c) What do the skeletal looking 'sal' trees indicate about the
exploitation of nature? (Hurried Trip to Avoid a Bad Star)
(d) What does Martin Luther King urge to the Negros of America in his
speech? (I Have a Dream)
(e) Why did the speaker admit his deed at the end? (The Tell-Tale
Heart)
(f) What is purgatory? Why did the old man kill his son? (Purgatory)

Trinity International Secondary School 9

3. Rewrite these sentences using 'must', 'can't' or 'may/might'. [5]
(a) I'm sure they weren't serious.
(b) Maybe he was delayed.
(c) Obviously he's been kidnapped.
(d) Perhaps he wasn't telling the truth.
(e) I'm convinced you haven't forgotten my name.

4. Join the following pairs of sentences each with a non-defining relative

clause. [5]
(a) A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital.
(b) Harold finally became quite fond of Brixton prison. He had spent so
much of his life there.
(c) The dog was sitting facing the back window. The dog loved
traveling in fast cars.
(d) Alex was grimly fingering his gun. Alex had just taken the gun out
of his pocket.
(e) Finally Mr. Sharma decided to retire. John had been sharing an
office with him.

5. What would you expect the following types of people to do? Write
definitions. [5]
(a) A stingy person.
(b) An optimistic person.
(c) A skeptical person.
(d) A sensitive person
(e) A cheerful person.

6. Combine the following pairs of sentences into indirect questions. [5]

(a) Are you coming tomorrow? I need to know now.
(b) What does he do for a living? I often wonder.
(c) Did you ever find your camera? I've been meaning to ask you.
(d) What time does the concert start? I've no idea.
(e) Did he look angry? Did you notice?

7. Write two sentences for each pairs of events below, showing that the
person did them in the right order. [5]
(a) read the instructions/switch on the machine.
(b) check his answers/leave the exam room
(c) measure the room/order the carpet.
(d) turn off the mains/touch the wire
(e) sign the contract/read it.

Trinity International Secondary School 10

8. Change the following remarks using 'supposed to' as given in the
example. [5]
Example: People say she was born on board a ship.
She's supposed to have been born on board a ship.
(a) I hear he had a heart attack two years ago.
(b) They say there is a monster in Loch Ness.
(c) Apparently elephants have very long memories.
(d) People say the universe is expanding all the time.
(e) I've heard that student grants are going up next year.

9. Change the sentences below into comparative sentences using 'than' or 'as
… as'. [5]
(a) You said I would enjoy the film, but in fact I didn't like it much.
(b) Fifty people had been invited, but seventy came.
(c) I hadn't expected her to be very angry, but in fact she was absolutely
furious.
(d) I had hoped to do quite a lot of work today, but I've only managed
to do a little.
(e) They could have helped me a lot, but in fact they hardly helped me
at all.
10. From the headline "Peace talks break down", write a story suitable to
publish in a newspaper. [5]
11. Write an essay on "Role of the Youth in Nation Building". [10]
12. Write a review for a newspaper of a book you have read recently. [5]
13. Write a paragraph expressing your attitude towards 'beggars'. [5]
14. Attempt any one question: [10]
(a) "The story 'The Last Voyage of the Ghost Ship' describes the
growth of an ordinary boy to an assertive young man." Elucidate.
(b) Discuss Jack Zipes's comments (Marxist/Political Interpretation) on
"Hansel and Gretel".

Trinity International Secondary School 11

 Set E
Attempt all questions:

1. Read the following passage and answer the questions. [5 × 3 = 15]

But I want to explore the negative aspects of TV addiction. There are
the lost opportunities: Could I spend my time more profitably doing
something besides watching TV? The typical American watches TV, on
the average, seven hours a day. That is a good portion of our lives. When
we subtract the time we take for sleeping, eating, working, and so forth, we
are left with very little time for fun. Do we really want to spend most of
that precious time on television? We could instead read books, talk to
people, watch sunsets, and travel. We could do all these things and more, if
we just let go of our television.

Life is meant to be lived: We should not sit submissively on a couch

and let it pass us by. Yet this is precisely what a TV addict does. Isn't it
better to kiss someone than to watch someone else kiss? To talk to our
friends than to watch someone else pretend to talk to his or her friends? To
really live, than to live sensationally?
Questions:
(a) What does the writer think about television?
(b) How does the writer show the value of time?
(c) What does a TV addict do exactly?
(d) Why is it not so nice to watch someone else kiss?
(e) What sort of life might be a real one?

2. Fill in the blanks with the passive form of the verbs. [5]
The palace …….. (build) in 1827 and today it …….(regard) as the
finest Victorian building in the country. A number of changes ……..
(make) since it was built, but the front of the building……….(not
change). Now, the palace …..(guard) by a troop of army.

3. Rewrite the following using must, can't or might/may. [5]

(a) I'm sure they've arrived.
(b) I'm sure she is not having dinner.
(c) I'm convinced he hasn't forgotten my name.
(d) Perhaps, he heard you.
(e) Maybe, he was delayed.

Trinity International Secondary School 12

4. Fill in the gaps in the sentences below with until, in, by or for. [5]
(a) She stayed in California ….the age of 25.
(b) They got the lunch ready …….12.30.
(c) He learnt to swim ……six week.
(d) My father drove an ambulance …..two years.
(e) He stayed in bed …….lunchtime.

5. Complete the following half sentences in a suitable way. [5]

(a) As soon as the chief guest arrived, ..…………………...
(b) No sooner had the thief opened the window…………..….
(c) When the police had searched the car, …….………..……
(d) The teacher had only just gone into the classroom ………
(e) When I'd made the bed, …………………………..…….

6. Answer any one of the following. [10]

(a) Write a critical summary of "Purgatory".
(b) What are the most striking differences between "Gretel" by Garrison
Keillor and "Hansel and Gretel" by Grimm Brothers? Discuss.

7. Answer any five questions. [15]

(a) Why did the uncle's friends not want to take the boy in outing? (A Story)
(b) What does the boy mean by "Now they are going to see who I am?"
(The Last Voyage…)
(c) Why could Doran not decide easily whether or not to marry Polly?
(The Boarding House)
(d) What brought the drastic change in the field of adoption? (The
Children Who Wait)
(e) How do you criticize Western culture regarding child birth? (A Child
Is Born)
(f) Why did the speaker admit the deed at the end? (The Tell-Tale
Heart)

8. Little is known of the millionaire Louis S. Denver. Rewrite the

information about him given bellow as in the example. [5]
Example: He was born in Manchester in 1932. (know)
He is known to have been born in Manchester in 1932.
(a) His parents took him to America when he was seven. (think)
(b) He is worth five billion dollars. (estimate)
(c) He is living on a remote Greek island. (rumour)
(d) He was responsible for several murders in the sixties. (allege)

Trinity International Secondary School 13

9. Change the following remarks using 'supposed to'. [5]
(a) I hear he had a heart attack two years ago.
(b) I am told that he was a lorry driver at one time.
(c) Apparently Venice is slowly sinking into the sea.
(d) Apparently Marilyn Monroe was an insomniac.
(e) They say there is a monster in Loch Ness.

10. Develop the following clues into sensible sentences as shown. [6]
Cross the road/look both ways.
A: You should look both ways before you cross the road.
B: You should not cross the road until/before you have looked both
ways.
(a) Test the water/ bath the baby.
(b) Read the label/wash a blouse.
(c) Change a fuse/turn off the mains.

11. Put the verbs in the brackets in the correct forms. [4]
(a) This is the first time I've ever (fly) in a plane.
(b) There is no point in (keep) all those old books.
(c) She never (teach) in a school before.
(d) He (act) in many feature films. He's quite popular.

12. Attempt any two of the following questions. [2 × 10 = 20]

(a) Suggest your junior sister the ways she can best utilize her leisure
after SLC exams.
(b) Write some paragraphs on "The day I can never forget."
(c) Prepare a speech for or against the statement "A student should have
a good knowledge of his national affairs."

Trinity International Secondary School 14

 Set F
Attempt all questions:
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions given
below. [5 × 3 = 15]
Humour helps us to maintain a correct sense of value. It is the quality,
which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we
never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. Humour
always reminds us that tragedy is not really for removed from comedy
and that we should never get a lopsided view of things. Human pain and
suffering are so grim, we however so often on the brink of war. Political
relatives are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such
circumstances cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events
redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant
politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. They enable us to see
that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We
laugh when Jonathan swift a great satirist writes how the Lilliputians and
their neighbours went to war because they would not agree which and to
break an egg. We laugh because we are made laugh. If happiness in one
of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humour that provides the
key.
Questions:
(a) What purpose does humour serve?
(b) In what ways does it help us to see the funny side of a thing?
(c) What does this passage say about the politicians?
(d) When a person loses his/her sense of proportion what is likely to
happen?
(e) Suggest a suitable title for this passage.
2. Change the following sentences using 'seem'. [5]
(a) He's happily married.
(b) She's working hard.
(c) They were not honest.
(d) He's behaved with them well.
(e) He's some kind of businessman.
3. Rewrite these sentences beginning "If there's one thing ……". [5]
(a) I hate people who scold children.
(b) People who break promises make me angry.
(c) I loathe people who ring me up early in the morning.

Trinity International Secondary School 15

 (d) People who smoke in restaurants annoy me.
(e) I detest people who interrupt while I'm speaking?
4. Choose one of the verbs in the list to report each of the remarks below. [5]
[suggest, accuse, recommend, refuse, request]
(a) You should buy it in the local market, you can get it cheaply.
(b) No, I won't go to the party.
(c) Why don't you assist your parents?
(d) It was you who broke my TV.
(e) Would you mind carrying my luggage?
5. Rewrite the suggestions below, using ought to, ought not to, might as well
or there's no point in. [5]
(a) Don't ask him – he doesn't know English.
(b) Why don't you take a pullover – you've got plenty of room in your
case.
(c) Let's not sell it – it's not worth anything anyway.
(d) Don't take your children to see that film – it'll frighten them.
(e) Why don't you take an umbrella – it's going to rain.
6. What would you expect the following types of people to do? Write
definitions. [5]
Example: A stingy person is someone who never buys you a drink.
(a) An optimistic person
(b) A skeptical person
(c) A short tempered person
(d) A cheerful person
(e) An introvert person
7. Change these sentences below into comparative sentences using: [5]
(i) than (ii) as …….. as ………..
(a) Fifty people had been invited, but eighty came.
(b) I had not expected the weather in Lukla would be bad, but in fact it
was really bad.
(c) His parents would like him to work hard, but he doesn’t.
(d) They should have given us 10 books, but they gave us only 4 books.
(e) She children in the past were not clever, but nowadays they're
clever.
8. Write a paragraph describing your reactions to a restaurant you visited
recently. [5]
9. Write a paragraph about a disappointing experience you had. [5]
10. Write an application for a job to a renowned company. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 16

11. Write an essay on the increasing number of crimes in your country. [10]
12. Answer any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) Why do you think Alyohin and Anna delayed the confession of their
love? (About Love)
(b) Explain the title of the poem 'The Lamentation of the Old Pensioner'.
(c) Why did the old man kill his son? (Purgatory)
(d) What does Martin Luther King urge to the Negroes of America in
his speech? (I have a Dream)
(e) Write a paragraph describing the relation between Thomas and his
wife. (A Story)
(f) What is the intention of the speaker in using Tammy's example in
'The Children Who Wait'?
13. Answer any one of the following: [10]
(a) How is the protagonist's encounter with the ghost ship linked to his
movement towards mature strength? (The Last Voyage of the Ghost
Ship)
(b) What are the two-long term problems interrelated with each other?
What are the ways suggested by the author to solve them? (Two
Long Term Problems)

Trinity International Secondary School 17

 Set G
Attempt all questions:
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions given
below. [5 × 3 = 15]
Most people most of the time want to live for ever. This truth is
acknowledged in literature. But like many a truth, it is a half truth, not
half-true but half of the truth, as is the truth of proverb. For, after all,
most people some of the time, and some people most of the time, do not
want to live for ever.
This counter-truth-that, on occasion and more than moodily, we want
oblivion, extinction, irreversible loss of consciousness - is insufficiently,
or is mostly prophylactically, rendered by literature. Authorities, sacred
and secular, do not care for the thought; they do not want you to want to
be dead. Except, perhaps, as a myrtyr; and even this they have doubt
about.
Yet who would maintain, through thick and this, that the energy which is
consciousness is eternal delight? Consciousness does not have to be
pained to be a burden or to be a perturbation of mind in endless prospect.
Questions:
a) What is the truth that is acknowledged in literature?
b) What is the counter-truth of the truth that most people what to
live for ever?
c) Explain the terms "oblivion", "extinction" and 'loss of
consciousness" as used in the passage.
d) Why do not both authorities want you to be dead?
e) Give a suitable title to this passage.
2. Fill the gaps in the sentences below with for, in, until or by. [5]
(a) He played ________ lunchtime.
(b) The concert was over ________ half past three.
(c) I dug the whole garden ________ a couple of hours.
(d) They discussed politics ________ four in the morning.
(e) I studied Chinese _________ three years.
3. Join the following sentences using a relative clause. [5]
(a) I am looking for a book. The book got lost yesterday.
(b) Do you recognize the person? You met him last month.

Trinity International Secondary School 18

 (c) I saw an old woman. Her mouth was twisted into a toothless grin.
(d) The dolls were highly appreciable. She had made the dolls.
(e) In 1989, he joined the party. He was still a student then.
4. Continue the remarks below with a sentence using (not) used to
+ ing. [5]
(a) She was quite surprised when I gave her presents.
(b) I don't think she's ever opened a door herself.
(c) It's quite hard work doing all my washing.
(d) You can bring as many friends as you like home to dinner.
(e) Oh, my feet are killing me.
5. Combine the following pairs of sentences into indirect questions. [5]
(a) Does he like classical music? Can you remember …. ?
(b) Where are you going for your holidays? Have you decided
yet ……...?
(c) Are you coming tomorrow? I need to know now ……
(d) Did you ever find your camera? I've been meaning to ask you
…..
(e) What time does the film start? I wonder ……
6. Explain the newspaper headlines below using: [5]
(i) …….. had only just ….. (ii) No sooner had …….
(a) Jewel thief caught red-handed.
(b) Tanker sinks on maiden voyage.
(c) Bomb attack Mr. President leaves place just in time.
(d) New casino destroyed in blaze.
(e) Chelsea player breaks leg in first minute of match.

7. Rewrite the sentences below using must, can't or may/might. [5]

(a) I'm sure they've reached the town.
(b) Perhaps she's going to help you.
(c) It's possible that he was not attending the party.
(d) Obviously the girls were not kidnapped.
(e) I'm convinced she did not miss the class.

Trinity International Secondary School 19

8. Write a paragraph expressing your attitude towards 'doctors'. [5]
9. Write a police description of a criminal. [5]
10. Write a letter to an editor of a local newspapers about the problem of
electricity. [10]
11. Write an article about unemployment in your country. [10]
12. Answer any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) How does the poet feel towards his grandmother? (Grandmother)
(b) Why does the boy go on repeating "Now they're going to see who
I am? (The Last Voyage of the Ghost Ship)
(c) What do the skeletal looking 'sal' trees indicate about the
exploitation of nature? (Hurried Trip to Avoid a Bad Star)
(d) Why did the speaker admit his deed at the end? (The tell-tale
Heart)
(e) How did the men spend time while going on an outing? (A Story)
(f) Write a short description of Lydia E. Pinkham and her life as a
business woman. (Woman's Business)
13. Answer any one of the following: [10]
(a) What differences does the writer show between a traditional
society and a modern society in terms of pregnancy, childbirth and
child bearing? (A Child is Born)
(b) What experiences of love does Alyohin present to his friends?
(About Love)

Trinity International Secondary School 20

 HSEB – 2072 (2015)

Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Attempt all the questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions below. [5 × 3 = 15]
Andrew Quinn, a systems manager at a toy company is starting to learn
more about his fellow employees than he had ever wanted to know. He has
found that one co-worker has a weakness for herbal remedies, another likes
jokes about women drivers and another checks the lottery numbers each
morning.
The Manager knows these things because about a month ago, Mr. Quinn
installed a new piece of software on the computer network that enables
him to monitor not only every website that his employee browse, but every
e-mail that they send or receive. With a few clicks, he can open a window
on a computer screen and see the sender, recipients and subject headings of
each message. These details help him figure out exactly what is straining
his e-mail server.
In fact, Ritvik toys is one of hundreds of companies that are looking at
worker’s correspondence on a routine basis. And the number of companies
regularly doing so is soaring. Managers give variety of reasonings for
installing such software. Some lookout oversize e-mail attachment that clog
networks. Others seek to dissuade and discourage employees from using
their systems for personal activities. And others want to make sure that
employees are not sending message that disturb or hurt others.
Questions:
a) What weaknesses did Andrew Quinn find about his co-workers?
b) How did they misuse their time?
c) How did Mr. Quinn monitor the activities of his co-workers?
d) How did the Managers of different companies explain the situation?
e) What should the office workers do during the office hours?

Trinity International Secondary School 21

2. Answer any five of the following questions. [5 × 3 = 15]
a) What were the circumstances which made the Old Man kill the boy?
(Purgatory)
b) How did the witch tempt the children in the ginger bread house? What
had she planned at last? (Hansel and Gretel)
c) What strategy did Lydia E Pinkham use to grow her business?
d) What is the significance of the repetition of the words, ‚have trod<‛
in the poem? (God’s Grandeur)
e) Describe the landlord of the Mountain Sheep. How did he welcome the
members of the outing? (A story)
f) Describe the circumstances which compelled Alyohin, the narrator of
the story, quit the position of the judge? (About love)
3. Answer any one of the following question. [10]
a) How does Moti Nissani picture the condition of environment in the
essay, Two Long term problems? What are the causes of
environmental degradation? (Two Long term Problems <)
b) Describe Mrs. Mooney. How did she solve the problem of Miss Polly,
her daughter and Mr. Doran?
4. Rewrite these sentences adding an appropriate non-defining relative
clause. [5]
a) My sister couldn’t wait to get back to College, <<<<..
b) The NTC managed to repair the telephone, <<<<<<
c) The coach, <<<<<.., is polite.
d) I found the check, <<<<<<.., in my bag.
e) We were all very grateful to our college, <<<<<<
5. For each of the following situations make sentences with I wish/ if only,
using: [5]
(i) would, or (ii) could, or (iii) simple past tense.
a) It is cold here.
b) You are jobless.
c) Your bicycle has a puncture.
d) You are staying in a rented house.
e) You are ill in bed.
6. For each of the situation below:
(i) Ask a question with How long . . . . ?
(ii) Answer it using the words in brackets (use until/ for, in/by whichever is
appropriate) [5]
a) They played golf. (dusk)
b) The gardener mowed the lawn. (10 minutes)
c) We waited at the bus stop. (30 minutes)
d) My friend wrote all his letters. (lunch time)
e) The helper had to change the wheel. (five minutes)

Trinity International Secondary School 22

7. Report the following remarks, beginning [5]
He told me <<<.
a) The children are playing well.
b) I repair my bike
c) The workers look as if they have not eaten for weeks.
d) You have not done all your assignments.
e) I was not invited to the party.
8. Change the following remarks using supposed to: [5]
a) People say more than thirty million Armenians were killed in 1915 and
1916.
b) They say King Cobra is most dangerous.
c) Apparently, elephants have a good memory.
d) I hear that sneezing is the sign of evil.
e) They say it rains on the day of Shivaratri.
9. Change the sentences below, using: [5]
(i) As soon as + Past + Past Simple
Or
(ii) As soon as + Past Perfect + Past Simple.
a) I broke the vase and brust into tears.
b) The Prime Minister was elected and his supporters cheered.
c) The thief opened the window and the bell rang.
d) The teacher went into the classroom and started teaching.
e) The principal entered the hall and started counseling the students.
10. Write a paragraph expressing your reaction to street protests organized
frequently by the political parties and other associations. (about 120 word).
[5]
11. As an honest and responsible citizen of your country, write a police
description of a person who throws garbage in the public places. [5]
12. Write an essay on ‚My Country Nepal‛ focusing on its major natural
resources. You may choose the rivers, forests, wildlife or natural beauty.
[10]
13. Write a letter to your friend abroad giving him/her a brief description of
some tourist destinations which have made Nepal truly incredible. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 23

 HSEB – 2073 (2016)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follows: [5×3 = 15]
This is the era of science. There is hardly any domain where science and
technology do not play significant role. Whether it is on the defence, in the
matter of clothing or comfort, in the organization of leisure or past time,
modern science and technology contribute to make man's life more
comfortable, effective, fast and pleasant. Science has also entered into the
world of art lately. It covers general truths or the operation of general laws,
especially as obtained and tested through scientific methods. Culture in the
act of developing the intellectual and moral faculties, especially by
education. It brings enlightment and excellence of taste acquired by
aesthetic training.
In this age of rocket and space research, science has made a remarkable
contribution to the development of culture in every society and civilization.
Although men of letters, who are generally taken to be the guardians of
culture, tend to look with certain apprehension at the impact of science on
cultural values. Modern thinking on the subject differs with this outlook
and regards their fears as unfounded. Science and letters are moving closer
gradually and is no wedge between these once conflicting disciplines.
Science doesn’t spell the ruin of culture; it promotes and harnesses it to
modern requirement.
Question:
a) Who are the guardians of culture, according to the author?
b) How has modern science contributed to bring change in man's life?
c) How does the speaker define the domain of science?
d) What is culture and what does it bring?
e) What is the remarkable contribution of science in culture? Does it
promote or ruin?

Trinity International Secondary School 24

2. Answer any five of the following questions: [5×3 = 15]
a) How did Gretel free her brother and herself from the trap of the witch
and prove her maturity and masculinity? (Hansel and Gretel)
b) What were the reasons which lead the old man to kill the Boy?
(Purgatory)
c) What sort of strategy did Annie-Turnbo Malone develop to flourish
her business? (Women's Business)
d) When will the coloured people be satisfied, according to King? Does he
encourage them to start violence? (I Have a Dream)
e) What makes the old pensioner feel isolated in his old age? (The
Lamentation<)
f) Explain in brief a sad tale of Karnali Zone. (Hurried Trip<)
3. Answer any one of the following questions: [10]
a) How does deforestation become the cause of creating imbalance in
nature and environment? Explain. (Two Long Term<)
b) "Mrs Mooney got success in her business because of her straight
forward nature, hard work, boldness and determination." Explain,
how did these characteristics of her help in promoting her business.
(The Boarding House)
4. Continue the remarks below with a sentence using 'Is/am/are' (not) used
to+ing form as in the example. [5]
Example: My college principal was surprised when I gave her flowers…
- She is not used to being wished.
a) My friend Bina is feeling terribly nervous<
b) My mother's feet are killing her<
c) Pandey sir has got a stomach-ache<
d) Mr. Dhakal is absolutely delighted today<
e) The bachelors are going to find it hard work working on building
site<
5. Rewrite these sentences using appropriate relative clause in the spaces
given: [5]
a) The children could not wait to get back to Namche, <<.
b) At last the contractors managed to repair the bridge, <<.
c) The shopkeeper, <<< turned round suddenly.
d) I eventually found the purse, <<<, in my school bag.
e) We were all grateful to our principal, <<<

Trinity International Secondary School 25

6. For each of the following situation: [5]
i) ask a question using, how long ……?
ii) answer it using 'in/by/until/for' and the words in bracket.
a) The students talked on the telephone (40 minutes).
b) Sher painted the classroom ceiling. (6 o'clock)
c) The golfer played golf on Sunday. (dusk)
d) The gardener mowed the lawn (ten minutes)
e) The typist typed all her letters. (lunch time)
7. Choosing the appropriate verbs from the list, report the remarks below.[5]
Verbs: Promise, threaten, agree, advise, recommend.
Example: I told you to give up drinking for the betterment of your health.
- He urged me to give up drinking.
a) She says, "I will give you your bag back".
b) The father told the boy he would buy him a laptop if he was good.
c) The neighbor told me he would report the police if I didn't do what he
said.
d) The doctor said, "You should spend a week in Bhedetar, it is lovely."
e) Why don't you paint the wall blue?
8. Explain the following deduction using an 'if' sentence. [5]
Example: They can't be school students – they are not wearing school uniform.
- If they were school students, they would be wearing school
uniform.
a) The girl child must have been kidnapped – she is not here yet.
b) She must know English – she was reading the Sunday Times.
c) Sujan can't be teaching at college – I have not seen him dealing with
college students.
d) Her parents must have been here recently – the fire is burning in the
hearth.
e) The children can't have been enjoying themselves – they left early.
9. Change the following remarks using supposed to. [5]
a) Apparently elephants have long memories.
b) People say it is unlucky to drive when the cat crosses the road.
c) They say Lord Shiva had a garland of snake.
d) I am told that garlic stops you catching a cold.
e) Apparently herbalists have control over the unseen forces.

Trinity International Secondary School 26

10. Write a paragraph about the advantage of games and sports. [5]
11. Express your attitude about the horoscope in a paragraph. [5]
12. Write three paragraphs about the advantages and disadvantages of
celebrating festivals. The first paragraph should be about the advantages,
second paragraph about the disadvantages and third paragraph about the
conclusion. [10]
13. Apply for the position of an English teacher that has fallen vacant in a
college in the downtown. State your age, qualification, experience, to the
director ABC college, Kathmandu. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 27

 NEB – 2074 (2017)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that
follows: [5×3 = 15]
Democratic elections are not merely symbolic. They are competitive,
periodic, inclusive, definitive elections in which the chief decision makers
in a government are selected by citizens who enjoy broad freedom to
criticize government, to publish their criticism and to present alternatives.
If we accept this definition, further dissection will give a complete
meaning. It says that democratic elections are competitive. The opposition
irrespective of the fact whether it consists of one party or many as well as
the candidates in an election must enjoy the freedom of speech, assemble
and movement necessary to speak their mind. A true democracy allows
criticisms of the government openly. Democracy also allows all the parties
to bring alternative policies and candidates to the voters. Simply permitting
all access to the ballot is not enough in a true democracy. A democracy in
which all the parties are not allowed a fair use of media to generate
awareness in the public regarding their view, agenda etc. certainly cannot
be called a democracy in a true sense. Moreover, a country where the
campaigning rallies of the candidates or the parties other than the ruling
class are harassed and where newspaper indulge in yellow journalism
victimizing a particular candidate or a party also cannot be called
democratic. The party is power may enjoy the advantage of incumbency,
but the rules and conduct of the election contest must be fair.
Question:
a) What are the characteristics of democratic elec tions?
b) What does a true democracy allow?
c) Define the role of media in democracy.
d) When can the parties be democratic truly?
e) What do yellow journalism and incumbency mean?

Trinity International Secondary School 28

2. Answer any five of the following questions: [5×3 = 15]
a) How does Hansel show his boldness, wisdom, determination and
vigour in the beginning of the story? (Hansel and Gretel)
b) Describe the scene in which the narrator kill the old man. (The Tell-tale
Heart)
c) What kind of positive treatment does a young Sylheti woman get
before and after the childbirth? (A Child is Born)
d) How does Martin Luther King want to fulfill his dream? Does he ask
his activists be very calm and civilize in the process of their protest?
Explain. (I Have a Dream)
e) Why does the old pensioner spit into the face of Time? (The
Lamentation of....)
f) Describe the boy’s uncle. Does he look like a disciplined, honest and
careful uncle? (A Story)
3. Answer any one of the following questions: [10]
a) Would you consider Alyohin a successful person? Or a failure one? If
failure, what makes you judge him a failure person. Explain on the
basis of the text. (About Love)
b) Why were the children like Tammy not adopted in the past? Mention
the factors which have brought changes in the adoption process. (The
Children Who Wait)
4. Compare the prices of the things below, as in the example. [5]
Example: Fish Rs.400 kilo Chicken Rs.210 kilo
- Fish is about twice as expensive as chicken
- Chicken is about a half the price of fish.
a) Steel tray Rs.150 Aluminium tray Rs.50
b) Local sweater Rs.700 Foreign sweater Rs.1300
c) Color T.V Rs.15,000 Black and white T.V Rs.6,000
d) Kantipur Rs.10 Kathmandu Post Rs.5
e) Local rice Rs.40 kilo Basmati rice Rs.70 kilo
5. Change the sentences below using likely to, unlikely to, could, sure to or
definitely won’t whichever is correct: [5]
a) The textbooks may arrive this week.
b) I am certain a new manager will be appointed soon.
c) There certainly won’t be much power cut this year.
d) There probably won’t be many visitors this year.
e) The price of fuel will probably increase in a few months.

Trinity International Secondary School 29

6. Combine the following pair of sentences into indirect questions: [5]
Example:
- What time did he wake up? Do you know?
- Do you know what time he woke up?
a) Did he go away? Did you notice?
b) Has the bus left? Did you notice?
c) What time does the meeting begin? I have not been informed.
d) Are you leaving for Pokhara tomorrow? I want to know not.
e) Did I lock the gate? Do you remember?
7. Explain the following deduction using an if ...... sentence, as in the
example: 5 [5]
Example:
- He can’t be a college student – he is not wearing a uniform.
- If he was a college student, he would be wearing a uniform.
a) They must have some important business – they are rushing.
b) They must be working hard – they are exhausted.
c) He can’t be working in the hospital – I have never seen him there in
hospital uniform.
d) She must be feeling cold – she is trembling.
e) The old man must have fractured his leg – he has been using crutch for
several days.
8. How would you describe a person who.................. [5]
a) Lets people down
b) Doesn’t expect good things to happen in his life
c) Gives away a lot of money
d) Never buys you a drink
e) Is insensitive to other’s feelings
9. Here are something you have notices about Mr. ‘Y’. What do they suggest
to you about him? Talk about him using seem: [5]
a) He has rough hands.
b) He wears expensive ring.
c) He has nicotine stains on his finger.
d) He meets his friends and relatives all the time.
e) He often wears glass, especially when he starts reading.

Trinity International Secondary School 30

10. Write a short description of a person whom the security personnel are
searching in connection with a crime in the capital city. [5]
11. Write what each of the following suggests/indicates/means (or doesn’t
suggest/mean/indicate) [5]
One of the seniors in my locality smoked all his life and he died at the age
of 90.
12. Write a letter to the Mayor of your town, explaining a number of ways to
control pollution in your town. [10]
13. Write an essay on the ‚Importance of Extra Curricular Activities: their
advantages and disadvantages‛. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 31

 NEB – 2075 (2018)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time: 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Attempt all questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:[5×3 = 15]
People who suffer from excessive drowsiness during the daytime may be
victims of a condition known as ‘narcolepsy’. Although most people may
feel sleepy at unusual or embarrassing times, they may doze while eating,
talking, taking a shower, or even driving a car.
Victims can be affected in one of the two ways. Most narcoleptics have
several sleeping periods during each day with alert periods in between, but
a minority feel drowsy almost all the time and are alert for only brief
intervals. Many people with this condition also suffer from cataplexy – a
form of muscular paralysis that can range from a mild weakness at the
knees to complete immobility affecting the entire body. This condition lasts
from a few seconds to several minutes and is often set off by intense
emotions.
No reliable data exist showing how many people have narcolepsy.
Unfortunately, there’s also the little knowledge about the causes of this
illness. Researchers suggest that the problem may stem from the immune
system reacting abnormally to the brain’s chemical processes. Further
studies have shown a link between narcolepsy and a number of genes,
although it is quite possible for an individual to have these genes and not
develop the disease. Thus, an explanation based on genetics alone is not
adequate.
There is currently no cure for narcolepsy, so sufferers of this condition can
only have their symptoms treated through a combination of counseling and
drugs. The available drugs can help control the worst of the symptoms, but
their administration has unwanted side effects such as increased blood
pressure and heart rate and sometimes, even increased sleepiness. It is clear
that improved medications need to be developed.

Trinity International Secondary School 32

 Question:
a) What is narcolepsy?
b) How can victims be affected from this disease?
c) What are the causes of this disease?
d) How can one get treatment of this illness?
e) Suggest a suitable title for the passage.
2. Answer any five of the following questions: [5×3 = 15]
a) Why does the old man kill his son? (Purgatory)
b) Do you agree that death is not the end of life? Explain with reference to
the poem. (Full Fathon Five <.)
c) How does Gretel stand as modern feminist woman? (Gretel)
d) Sketch the character of Mrs. Mooney? <<.
e) What does the term ‘dream’ refer to in Martin Luther king’s speech?
f) What is the theme of the poem ‘Grandmother’?
3. Answer any one of the following questions: [10]
a) What kind of love experiences are suggested by Alyohin in ‚About
Love‛?
b) Explain the central theme of the poem ‚Travelling Through The Dark‛.
Also write your impression of the poem.
4. Rewrite the sentences below using must, can’t or may/might. [5]
a) I’m sure she’s not having lunch.
b) May be he was delayed.
c) I’m sure you’re imagining things.
d) Obviously he’s been kidnapped.
e) Perhaps, she’s going to ring.
5. Rewrite the sentences below beginning with ‚If there’s one thing…..‛: [5]
a) People who smoke in restaurants annoy me.
b) People who are cruel to animals upset me.
c) People who break promises make me angry.
d) I hate people who spit in the street.
e) I detest people who interrupt when I’m speaking.
6. Report the following remarks, beginning with ‚He told me……‛: [5]
a) I will inform him if I see him.
b) She has been feeling uneasy.
c) Pandey was not invited to the party.
d) Krishna has his bicycle repaired.
e) They do not play as much football as they used to.

Trinity International Secondary School 33

7. Rewrite the information below as in the example: [5]
Example:He was born in Dharan in 1986. (know)
He is known to have been born in Dharan in 1986.
a) His parents took him to America when he was seven. (think)
b) He’s living on a remote Island. (rumour)
c) He’s been married five times. (believe)
d) He’s had a serious heart attack recently. (think)
e) He’s worth five billion dollars. (estimate)
8. Change the questions below into information questions. [5]
a) Are we having chicken / mushroom/tomato soup today?
b) Are there five/six/seven of you?
c) Did you use half-inch/one-inch/three quarter inch screw?
d) Was it raining/foggy/cold when you were in Pokhara?
e) Is the cinema opposite/next to/round the corner from the station?
9. Change the sentences below using ‘as soon as’: [5]
a) He saw me and immediately ran away.
b) They saw the house and immediately fell in love with it.
c) I wrote the letter and posted it straight away.
d) He got his exam results and immediately rang up his parents.
e) He got married again immediately after his wife’s death.
10. Continue the following remarks with a sentence using (not) used
to…ing: [5]
a) She wasquite surprised when I gave her some flowers.
b) It’s quite hard work doing all my washing and cleaning.
c) He won’t mind if you stare at him.
d) The traffic doesn’t wake him up at night.
e) I get a bit lonely sometime, now that she’s gone.
11. Write a newspaper article on ‚Foreign employment and socio-economic
development of your country‛. [5]
12. Explain the educational process in Nepal from the beginning of school to
the end of University. [10]
13. Write a paragraph giving description of a person whom you admire the
most. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 34

 NEB – 2076 (2019)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time: 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Attempt all the questions.
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. [5×3=15]
Violence has become a way of life today. Terrorists kill people without any
sense of remorse; communalists indulge in violence without any reason.
Politicians boost up their image by patronizing violence, and workers and
students resort to violence for getting their grievances redressed. Non- violence
movement exemplified by Buddha has almost lost from the psyche of any
people. In its place we have accepted naked and maimed beggar, child labor,
burning of brides and countless deaths as a result of war or accident. The two
new types of violence- terrorism and rioting- make the age - old caste-based
notion unmoved by human sufferings. Such a blunting of emotions itself
manifests in a variety of psychological reactions.
Death is simply reported numerically- ten killed, three injured. These faceless
nameless dead seem non- human. It fails to arouse any deep feeling of loss or
pains.
Questions:
a. What are the two types of violence mentioned in the passage? How have
they affected the system of the country?
b. How do the terrorists rationalize their activities?
c. What have people accepted in place of non-violent movement?
d. According to the author, what seems to be non-human?
e. Summarize the text in one sentence.
2. Answer any five of the following questions. [5×3=15]
a. How does the old man annoy the narrator? (The Tell-Tale Heart)
b. What roles does Gretel play in the story? How does she free her brother?
(Hansel and Gretel)
c. What is the significance of starting and ending the easy with the reference
to Tammy, the Negro Child? (The children who wait)
d. What compels the narrator to quite his prestigious position and start the
monotonous work of farming? (About love)

Trinity International Secondary School 35

 e. How is death taken in the poem? Is it a transition from one form to the
other form of life? Explain. (Full father five…)
f. Write in short the 'unkind and inhuman' nature of the grown ups that they
show to the boy, the narrator of the story? ( A story)
3. Answer any one of the following questions. [10]
a. What kind of business did the business women from Pinkham to Malone,
begin? What was their main purpose? Explain. ( Women's Business)
b. What are the two long term problems as described by Moti Nissani? ( Two
long term problems)
4. Rewrite these sentences using seem( to be) [5]
a. Mr.Pun is a social worker.
b. He is honest in his activities.
c. He does not like gossiping
d. He honours the seniors and lovers the juniors.
e. He is liked by all.
5. Change these yes/ no questions below into information questions; as in the
example. [5]
Example: Are we getting up at 7 O'clock today?
What time are we getting up today?
a. Are you planning to stay in pokhara for a week?
b. Did you but brown/ grey colour sweater for me?
c. Do you take 40/42 size of shoes?
d. Are there four/five / six of you?
e. Did you perform worship at 6:30?
6. Report the following remarks, beginning: - He told me……… [5]
a. My subject teacher will inform me soon.
b. The game warden was not involved in unlawful works.
c. The culprits are trying to make money easily.
d. People in remote areas have not got proper health services.
e. Nepal can be a hub for medical science.
7. Rewrite the following sentences, using past perfect tens in the space given. [5]
a. My parents sent me all the books I <<<<<..
b. The student showed all the medals they <<<<.
c. The NTC repaired all the telephones that <<<<<.
d. I could not submit the essay I <<<<..
e. The juniors played much better then we<<<<<

Trinity International Secondary School 36

8. Change the sentences below, using: [5]
i) As soon as + past + past
or
ii) As soon as + past perfect + pas, whichever is appropriate.
a. I broke the vase and I burst into tears.
b. The thief opened the window and the bell rang.
c. The coordinator entered the classroom and he started counseling students.
d. The programmer was over and the driver started the bus.
e. I finished reading the book and returned in to the library.
9. Change the following remarks using supposed to. [5]
a. I have heard that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder.
b. We are told that he was a book- seller once.
c. People say phoenix lived for three hundred years.
d. They say the universe is expanding all the time.
e. I am told that onion is good for health.
10. Write a description of your brother / sister who is leaving for Pokhara today. [5]
11. Write a paragraph expressing your attitude toward people who talk while
crossing the road. ( use the way <. structure) [5]
12. Write an essay on Nepal: a Hub for International Touristis. Talk about Nepal's
beautiful landscape, peaceful environment and hygienic living. [10]
13. Write a job application for the position of a junior level counselor that has fallen
vacant in you college. Write to the director, XYZ College; state your age,
qualifications, and experiences if you have. [10]

Trinity International Secondary School 37

 gd'gf k|Zg kq – @)&^ -@)@!_
ljifo M clgjfo{ g]kfnL -))^_ k'0ff{Ë M !))
;do M # 306f ptL0ff{Ë M #%

Set A
ljBfyL{x¿n] ;s];dd cfˆg} zAbdf pQ/ lbg' kg]{5 .
!= tnsf s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tn lbOPsf j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f :yfg / k|f0fTj lrgfpg' xf];\ M
v, ª, r, x, j
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;/rgf / ;+ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
eft, g]kfnL, dfWolds, cleJolQm, ;+;f/
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug{' xf];\ M %
t]:t} ef;fsf] b]ifdf njhsf] b;f x'G5 sf]xL s]xL zAbx?sf] k|flrt dxŒj
p8]sf] 5g\ .
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'
xf];\ . #
ltdL k|yd x'G5f} eGg] t dnfO{ klxNo}b]lv nfu]sf] lyof] . :ofaf;\, 5f]/f Û
k]ml/k]ml/ klg o:t} ul//xg" .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M @
Ps lsnf] df;' pTkfbg ug{ bz lsnf] zfsfxf/L ef]hg vkt x'G5
cyf{t\ Ps wgL df+;fxf/L dfG5]n] ;fukft, b'w, bxL, l3p h:tf vfg] s'/fdf
dfq lge{/ bz hgf ul/a zfsfxf/Lsf] vfgf x;'5{ . s] of] zf]if0f xf]Og <
7G8f lbdfun] ;f]rf}F t .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@  #  ^_
s_ tnsf cg'R5]baf6 ltg cf]6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / ltg j6f k|Too
Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
h}ljs ljljwtfn] dfgjLo zflGtdf dfq xf]Og, p;sf ;fdflhs ultljlwdf
klg k|z:t k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . ck/fw / 3[l0ft b'isd{k|lt k|lta¢ sltko
a]Odfg ;~rfnsx¿n] :jb]zL l;kfn' xftnfO{ eGbf ljb]zdf lgld{t j:t'nfO{
a9L k|of]u ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 38

v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t / ltg låTj zAb l6kL ;d:t zAbsf] lju|x /
låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg' xf];\ M
5f]/f5f]/L s;/L kfNg] eGg] lk/df a;]sf hgtfnfO{ afx|;QfO; s'/f u/]/
dfq k'Ub}g . b'O{lha|] rl/q ePsf g]tfx¿ cf/fds';L{df a;]/ b]zlxtsf s'/f
t u5{g\ t/ cfcfˆgf st{Jodf Odfgbf/ eP/ ;dfhsf ;a} kIfl;t plrt
;/;Nnfx ub}{gg\ . pgLx¿ slxNo} d/d2t ub}{gg\ .
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 5 j6f ;lGwo'Qm zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf] ;lGw ljR5]b
ug{' xf];\ M
ckfË JolQmn] lxdfno r9]/ ljBfnodf k9]/ /fd|f ;"lQm cg'lbt ug]{ 5g\ .
;b}j xfdLn] dt}So eP/ tL b]jlif{t'No k|To]s k|ltefnfO{ :jfut u/L
k/f]ksf/sf] kf7 k9fpg'k5{ .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ k'lnË eP :qLlnË / :qLlnË eP k'lnËdf kl/jt{g
u/L jfSo 9fFrf ;d]t ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug{' xf];\ M
Ps lbg Pp6f o'js 6F'l8v]ndf lxFl8 /x]sf] /x]5 . Pp6L o'jtLn] p;nfO{
af]nfO5 . o'jtL Tof] o'js htf hfg] xf] Tot} hfg] /lx5, p;nfO{ To;
o'jsn] rflxF lrg]sf] /x]g5 . lrghfgkl5 To; o'jsn] To; o'jtL;Fu e]6\bf
;ª\sf]r gdfgL s'/f ug{ yfn]5 .
v_ jfSo 9fFrf ;lxt ax'jrgnfO{ Ps jrgdf kl/jt{g ug{' xf];\ M
xfd|f ljBfyL{x¿ ljb]z hfg rfxGy] . xfdLn] ljb]z hfg]x¿ 7luPsf s'/f
pgLx¿nfO{ atfof}F . pgLx¿n] xfd|f s'/fdf plt Wofg lbPgg\ . 3/hUuf
aGwsL /fv]/} eP klg pgLx¿n] k};f h'6fP . bnfnx¿n] k};f vfO lbPkl5
aNn lar/fx¿sf] r]t v'n]5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M ^
s_ …n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, df, b]lvÚ ljelQmsf] k|of]u u/L ^ jfSodf cfˆgf]
sn]hsf] j0f{g ug{' xf];\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf k|o'Qm ;a} lqmofkbnfO{ ;fdfGo eljiotdf kl/jt{g
u/L k'gn]{vg ug{' xf];\ M
d kf]v/f hfG5' . dnfO{ kf]v/f /fd|f] nfU5 . d ToxfF k'/fgf ;fyL e]6\5' .
;fyLx¿n] dnfO{ pkxf/ lbG5g\ . tL pkxf/ lnP/ d 3/ kms{G5' .

Trinity International Secondary School 39

*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -$  @  *_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug{' xf];\ M
uf}/L ;fx|} k"mlt{nf] 5 . p;n] ;]tf lxdfnx¿ b]v] . p;sf] ;fyL zª\s/ ul/a
s]6f] x'g' x'G5 . zª\s/sf bfh' slj xf] . pgn] y'k|} sljtfx¿ n]v]sf] 5 .
uf}/L / zª\s/ ldn]/ v]N5 .
v_ cfjZos s'/f yk36 u/]/ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ jfRo kl/jt{g u/L
k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
tkfO{nfO{ ;"of]{bosf] b[Zo x]g{ dg 5 eg] gu/sf]6 hfg' xf];\ . gu/ sf]6af6
;"of]{bo /fd|/L x]g{ kfOG5 eg] j/k/sf] b[Zo klg b]lvG5 . h'g dfG5]n]
gu/sf]6sf] e|d0f u5{ p;n] ;"of]{bosf] b[Zo xQkQ la;{b}Fg . gu/ sf]6n]
ko{6g Joj;fo a9fPsf] 5 / :yfgLo dflg;x¿sf nflu cfo cfh{gsf] af6f]
klg v'nfPsf] 5 .
u_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ xf];\ M
r/fn] cfˆgf] uF'8 cfk}Fm agfpF5 . d';fn] cfk"m a:g] Kjfn cfk}Fm vG5 . d"s
k|f0fLx¿ cfˆgf] cf>o :yn cfk}Fm agfpF5g\ . r]tgzLn dfgj xfdLn] cfˆgf]
b]z cfk}Fm agfpg' k5{ .
(= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M !)
nf]stGqdf ;"rgfsf dfWodx¿sf] Joj:yfkg s;n] / s;/L ug]{ eGg]
ljifodf vf; ;}¢flGts ljjfb 5}g t/ Jofjxfl/s k|of]udf eg] leGgtf
kfOPsf 5g\ . nf]stflGqs b]zx¿df ;d]t k|;f/0f dfWodx¿sf] Joj:yfkg
;/sf/sf tk{maf6 x'g] kl/kf6L ce}m gePsf] xf]Og t/ 5fkf dfWod eg]
k|foM ;/sf/åf/f ;~rflnt x'g] ub}{gg\ . g]kfndf eg] clxn] klg 5fkf
dfWod ;/sf/n] rnfO /x]sf] 5 . nf]stGqsf] k'gM :yfkgf x'g'eGbf klxn]
;"rgf k|jfxsf] kl/kf6L lgoGq0ffTds / lgb]{zgd'vL lyof] . ck]Iffs[t
:jtGq ?kdf ;"rgf lbg vf]Hg] lghL If]qsf dfWodx¿ ;d]t ;/sf/sf
tk{maf6 af/Daf/ k|tfl8t / k|ltalGwt x'g] cj:yf lyof] . nf]stGqsf]
:yfkgfn] o; kl/kf6Ldf Jofks / cfwf/e"t kl/jt{g Nofof] . kl/0ffd :j?k
lghL If]qsf ;~rf/ dfWodx¿ dflysf] lgolGqt kl/kf6L ;dfKt u/] klg
;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿af6 ;"rgfsf] k|jfx ug]{ kl/kf6Ldf ck]Iffs[t u'0ffTds
kl/jt{g cfpg ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . h] hlt kl/jt{g b]lvG5 Tof] Jojl:yt /
j}1flgs ;'wf/sf sf/0f geP/ Jofks /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf sf/0f x'g
k'u]sf] :jfefljs kl/0ffd h:tf] dfq} cg'ej x'G5 .

Trinity International Secondary School 40

 k|Zgx¿ M
s_ nf]stGqdf ;~rf/ dfWodsf] Joj:yfkg s;/L ug'{ pko'Qm x'G5 <
v_ nf]stGqsf] k'gM :yfkgf x'g'eGbf klxn] ;"rgf k|fjxsf] kl/kf6L s:tf]
lyof]<
u_ nf]stGqn] ;~rf/ If]qdf s:tf] kl/jt{g Nofof] <
3_ g]kfndf ;/sf/L :t/af6 s] s:tf ;~rf/ dfWodx¿ ;~rflnt 5g\ <
ª_ …k|;f/0f dfWodÚ / …5fkf dfWodÚ sf] cy{ s] xf] <
!)= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L d'Vo d'Vo kfFr a'Fbf l6kf]6 ug'{ xf];\ M %
slj ;|i6f xf] , pm ;[li6 u5{ . ;o kª\lStdf n]Vtf klg h'g s'/f eGg
;lsFb}g sljn] To;nfO{ Ps} kª\lStdf cem /fd|/L eGg ;St5 . k|eftsf
Ps} ls/0fdf ;f/f /ª / ¿ksf] s:tf] /dfOnf] 9f]sf p3|G5 . Ps} ws]{ lk|of
d':sfgdf ;Dk"0f{ k|Llt k|s6 x'G5 . cfdfsf] Pp6} sfvdf cfzL{jf{bsf cgGt
k'mnx¿ kmlqmG5g\ . ;|i6fsf] snfsf] t];|f] cfFvfn] cs}{ ¿k / cs}{ clek|fo
b]Vt5 . Ps hgf cGtl/If ofqLn] eg]sf lyP oxfFaf6 d}n] ;[li6 ;f}Gbo{sf]
hf] ljlrq /ª / cfef b]v]sf] 5', To;sf] j0f{g d ug{ ;lStgF, o;sf lglDt
t slj g} rflxG5 . ;[li6df h] hlt 5, Tolt g} klg ljlrq 5 ls To;sf]
efiff kfOFb}g Ù k/Gt' sljsf ljlrq jf0fLdf To;sf] dlxdf d'vl/t x'G5 .
j}zfvsf] /ftdf s'x's'x' ub}{ sf]OnL dfgf}F lj:do / cfZro{do eO{ kv]6f
vf]n]/ p8] e}Fm p8\5] / j;GtnfO{ af]nfpF5] . laxfgLkv ;"o{sf ls/0fx¿
h;/L l5/la/fP/ cfpg yfN5g\ , To;/L g} wf]lagL r/Lsf snsnaf6
p;sf lr/la/ jf0fLx¿ lr/lal/g yfN5g\ — hxfF c? Ps zAb klg af]Ng
;St}gg\ Ù slj ToxfF ;x;| ;/n af]Ng ;St5 .
!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ . %
s_ cfˆgf] 3/df OG6/g]6 ;]jf ;lxtsf] 6]lnkm]fg h8fg ul/ lbg cg'/f]w
ub}{ :yfgLo b"/;~rf/ sfo{nonfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L Pp6f lgj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ tkfO{sf] sn]hn] sIff !! sf] gofF egf{ vf]n]sf] ljifo ;d]6L Pp6f
cfsif{s ;"rgf n]Vg' xf];\ .
!@= …g]kfn aGb / ljBfyL{x¿df k/]sf] c;/Ú zLif{sdf !%) zAb ;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL
n]Vg' xf];\ . %
cyjf
sn]hn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] …:jfut sfo{qmdÚ af/] !%) zAb ;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg
n]Vg' xf];\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 41

!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] Ps zLif{sdf lgaGw n]Vg' xf]; \ M !)
s_ d}n] rfx]sf] gofF g]kfn
v_ zflGt / ;+ljwfg
u_ gful/s clwsf/ / st{Jo
!$= …Ps lrxfgÚ pkGof;sf] tn lbOPsf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'
xf];\ M -% ± %_
cfˆgf] hflt / ;dfhdf ePsf] dbf{kbf{ bfg blIf0ff lbg] / eft et]/ Vjfpg]
OToflb s/} nfUg] rfn rng dfly ci6 gf/fg 3[0ff / cfnf]rgf dfq ug]{
xf]Og, cfqmd0f u/L p3f8 g} v'jfO cfO /x]sf lyP . dbf{ glhssf gftf,
;DaGwLx¿ /f]P/ larf M cfpg] k|yfnfO{ pgn] aGb ul/ lbPsf lyP . lzj
gf/fg / pgsf c? efOx¿ klg afa'sf] qmflGtsf/L ljrf/af6 k|efljt lyP .
o;}n] pgLx¿n] klg afa'sf] gfddf bfg blIf0ff lbg] / ef]h et]/ v'jfpg]
s'g} klg sfd u/]sf lyPgg\ . …afa'k|lt k/d >¢f oxL xf]Ú eGg] pgLx¿sf]
egfO lyof] .
k|Zgx¿ M
-s_ dflysf] cg'R5]bsf] cfwf/df ci6 gf/gsf rfl/lqs ljz]iftfx¿sf
af/]df n]Vg' xf];\ .
-v_ …Ps lrxfgÚ pkGof;n] ;fdflhs s';+:sf/sf af/]df s:tf] b[li6sf]0f
k|:t't u/]sf] 5 < n]Vg' xf];\ .
!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@  %  !)_
s_ tnsf] sljtf++z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
hxfF
xl/of xl/of kxf8sf kml/of
clns tn ;f/]/
lgd{n, :jR5 / Gofgf] 3fddf
lxdfnn] ;wF} 9f8 ;]s]sf] x'G5
d hlt 6f9f eP klg Tof] d]/f] b]z
;w}F d]/f] dgn]
;kgfdf kfOnf 6]]s]sf] x'G5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ o; sljtf+zdf s:tf] jftfj/0fsf] lrq0f 5 <
cf_ …xl/of] kml/ofÚ eg]sf] s] xf] / Tof] s;n] nufPsf] 5 <

Trinity International Secondary School 42

 O_ …lxdfnn] 9f8 ;]s]sf] x'G5Ú eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
O{_ dgn] ;kgfdf kfOnf 6]Sg' eg]sf] s] xf] <
p_ o; sljtf+zdf b]zelŒfm k"0f{ efj s;/L cleJoŒfm ePsf] 5 <
v_ tnsf] syf++z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
o;/L lbg/ftsf] klx/f] / xfjfsf] 8/df afFr]/, b'O{ Ps/ hldgsf] df6f] jif{df
b'O{ r]fl6 kN6fP/ hLljsf ug]{ d]nf] kl/jf/sf] xTof xf] .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ of] egfO s;sf] xf] <
cf_ s] s'/fnfO{ kl/jf/sf] xTof elgPsf] xf] <
O_ dflysf] egfOn] hLjgsf] s'g cj:yfsf] lrq0f u/]sf]] 5 <
O{_ o; egfOeGbf nuŒf} cl3sf] syf ;Gbe{ s] xf] <
p_ o; egfOkl5sf] syfdf s'g ;Gbe{ cfPsf] 5 <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf++z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
ef}lts z/L/sf] ;f}Gbo{ hLjgsf] ;Dk"0f{tf xf]Og, dfG5]sf] dg rflxF sbflk
s'¿k x'g' xF'b}g . of] ;x/sf] :kz{n] o; z/L/nfO{ s'¿k agfP klg dg eg]
ltdLn] h:tf] agfO lbPsL xf} To:t} 5 . To;}n] t d ltdLeGbf olt k/
a;]/ klg ltd|} dfofn] b|jLe"t ePsL 5' / oL k|To]s cIf/ ¿kdf klUnb}
eml/ /x]sL 5' .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ …ef}lts z/L/sf] ;f}Gbo{ hLjgsf] ;Dk"0f{tf xf]OgÚ eGg'sf] tfTko{ s]
xf] <
cf_ lgaGwsf/sf b[li6df dfG5]nfO{ z/L/ jf dg s] n] ;'Gb/ agfpF5 <
O_ lgaGwsf/sf] dg lsg kl/jt{g gePsf] xf] <
O{_ dflysf] egfOdf ;'gvfgLk|ltsf] dfof s;/L klUnPsf] 5 <
p_ …s'¿k / b|jLe"tÚ zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .
!^= …dfg'ifLÚ sljtf k9]kl5 pTkGg efj ;d]6L !%) zAb;Dddf cfˆgf] k|ltlqmof
n]Vg' xf];\ . %

Trinity International Secondary School 43

 Set B
ljBfyL{x¿n] ;s];dd cfˆg} zAbdf pQ/ lbg' kg]{5 .
!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg xf];\ M %
s_ tn lbOPsf j0f{x¿sf] pRrf/0f k|oTg / k|f0fTj 5'6 \ofpg' xf];\ M
ª, em, a, o, ;
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf / cIf/ ;+Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
cfUnf], s;/t, ljBf, cltl/Qm, kTofl/nf]
@= z'4 kf/L ;fg{' xf];\ M %
;d'b| kf/L k'Ug ;sof] eg] plgx¿sf] hf]/ rNb}g cfdf eg'x'Gyf] . d cfk\mgf]
;Dk"0f{ OR5f zlQm n] dw' s/sf] 3f]8fnfO{ l56f]l56f] cem l56f] ws]Ng
yfNby] .
#= tnsf /]vfª\lst kbx¿sf] zAb ju{ klxrfg ug{' xf];\M #
ahf/df Pp6f s]6f;Fu Pp6L s]6L al; /x]sL lyO{ . s]6f] p;sf] b'Mv b]v]/
;fx|} lrlGtt lyof] .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ – b'O{ j6f tT;d zAb / cfuGt's zAbx¿sf]
klxrfg ug{' xf];\ M @
xl/ a]nfotaf6 3/ kmSof]{ . ufpFsf] cfsfz clxn] ;kmf 5}g . p;n] /fd|f]
sDKo'6/ NofPsf] 5 . u|fdL0f b'lgofFdf k|ljlwsf] dxŒj a9\b} uPsf] 5 .
clxn]sf k':tfx¿ lgs} cfw'lgs 5g\ .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M @#  ^
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf zAbsf] k|s[lt / k|Too b]vfpg'
xf];\ M
n]vs bogLo dfq x'Fb}g cfb/0fLo klg x'G5 . pm ;dfhsf] ;Ddflgt /
lzlIft JolQm xf] . k|frLg sfnb]lv g} ;flxTosf/n] n]vgdf ;f}Gbo{ yKb}
cfPsf 5g\ . n]vs a'emSs8 x'G5g\ . kl/>dsf] sdfOdf /dfpF5g .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 # j6f ;d:t zAb / ltgj6f låTj zAbsf] klxrfg
u/L ;d:t zAbnfO{ lau|x ug''{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\ofpg'
xf];\ M
b]z lxtsf s'/f cf–cfk\mgf 3/df u/]/ dfq x'Fb}g . a'l¢hLjLx¿n] cfk;df
e}memu8f gu/L b]z / ;dfhsf nflu st{Jolgi7 aGg' kb{5 . cfk\mgf]
hGde"ldnfO{ :ju{nf]s 7fg]/ km6fkm6 sfd ubf{ ;a}sf] OHht k|lti7f a9\5 .
hh;sf] x[bo ;kmf 5 ltgLx¿ dxfk'?if aGg ;S5g\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 44

 u_ tnsf] cg'R5]af6 ^ j6f ;lGwo'Qm zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf] ;lGw
ljR5]b ug{' xf];\ M
bofn' g/]z gful/s clwsf/k|lt ;r]t 5 . pm ;'vk|flKtsf nflu
/ftf/ft cTofjZos sfd u5{ . ;+;f/ a'e]msf] a'emSs8 pm s'af6f] 5f]8]/
;'dfu{lt/ nfUg ;a}nfO{ clek|]l/t u5{ . ;fdflhs ;]jfsf nflu k|To]s lbg
pm lrlGtt eP/ c¿;Fu ;/;Nnfx u5{ .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M %
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ k'lnË eP :qL lnË / :qL lnË eP k'lnËdf kl/jt{g
u/L jfSo ;d]t ldnfO{ k'gn{]vg ug{' xf];\ M
Pp6f a"9f] nf}/f] 6]Sb} dlGb/ uof] . ToxfF w]/} cfOdfO{ lyP . Pp6L cfOdfO{n]
p;nfO{ a]:;/L x]/L . To;/L x]bf{ Tof] a'9f] nhfP/ cGt} x]g{ yfNof] . csL{
cfOdfO{ rflxF k"hfsf nflu ;fdfg lsGb} lyO{ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ck"0f{ e"tdf kl/j{tg u/L jfSo 9fFrf
klg ldnfpg' xf];\ M
d sljtf n]V5' . Zofd uLt ufpF5 . ;fyLx¿ ahf/ uPsf 5g\ . p;n]
k/LIff lbof] . xl/ a'af;Fu kf]v/f hfg]5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M ^
s_ n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, df / b]lv ljeflQm nfu]sf leGg ldGg sf/ssf]
k|of]u ePsf ^ j6f jfSodf s'g} 36gfsf] j0f{g ug{' xf]; \ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ ;++ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug{' xf];\ M
uf}/Ln] dnfO{ 3'Dg hfpmF eGof] . tkfO{ s] u5f}{ . pxfFn] efOnfO{ ufnL
u/] . bfh' ef]ln cfpF5] xf]nf . pgLx¿ k9\g hfG5 c/] . d}n] t cfn'
vfof] .
*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg xf];\ M @$*
s_ tnsf hl6n jfSox¿nfO{ cf7 j6f ;/n jfSodf 5'6\ofpg' xf];\ M
ltdL k9\g] eP SofDk; hfpm . SofDk;df /fd|/L cWoog u/]/ 8fS6/
ag . hf] JolQm 8fS6/ ag]/ b]zsf] ;]jf u5{, To;n] 7'nf] k'0o sdfpF5 .
cr]n dfG5] k9\g t k9\5g\ t/ :jfyL{ aGb} uPsf 5g\ .
v_ cfjZos s'/f yk36 u/]/ tnsf jfSonfO{ jfRo kl/jt{g u/L k'gn]{vg
ug'{ xf];\ M

Trinity International Secondary School 45

 ljBfnosf] lxpFb] labfdf xfdL 3'Dg hfG5f}F . ;fyLefOx¿;Fu /dfOnf]
u5f}{ . bflh{lnª uof}F eg] ;"of]{bosf] b[Zo x]5f}F . ToxfFsf cGo /dfOnf
7fpFx¿ x]5f}{ . g]kfnL ;+:s[ltaf/] a'e\m5f}F . xfdL /dfpFb} 3/ kmsG5f}F .
u_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug{' xf];\ M
g]kfnLx¿ lgs} ldlxg]tL 5g\ . pgLx¿ ljZasf x/]s 7fpFx¿df uP/
a;]sf 5g\ . ToxfF pBf]u wGbfx¿ vf]n]sf 5g\ . hxfF uP klg g]kfnLsf]
klxrfg sfod u/]sf 5g\ .
(= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M !)
lz/tfhsf] ¿kdf lxd/Tgn] ;lhPsf] /fi6« g]kfn cfk\mgf] cg'kd k|fs[lts
tyf ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf sf/0f ko{6g pBf]usf nflu ;zSt e"ld aGg ;Sg]
b]lvG5 . k|rf/ k|;f/lagf o; pBf]usf] eljio cFWof/f]lt/ ws]lng ;Sg]
oyfy{nfO{ klg gsfg{ ;lsGg . ko{6g k|j4{gsf nflu b]zsf P]ltxfl;s,
ef}uf]lns, ;f+:s[lts Pjd\ ljleGg g]kfnL snf sf}zn emNsfpg] vfnsf
:t/Lo kf]:6/ Pjd\ kq — klqsf ljZje/ k}mnfpg' kb{5 . o;sf ;fy}
ko{6s :jod\ klg k|rf/ k|;f/sf] ;an dfWod aGg ;Sg] oyf{ysf] cfwf/df
pgLx¿sf] ;Gt'li6 g} ko{6g pBf]usf] ;kmn ;Defjgfsf nflu k|yd e/f];f
dfGg ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu ;]jf efjgfn] k|]l/t x'Fb} xf]6]nx¿sf] z'NseGbf
;'ljwfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ u'0ffTds sfo{ ;~rfng ug{' jf~5gLo b]lvG5 .
To;} u/L lghL If]qdf ;~rflnt g]kfnsf 6«fen Ph]G;L / 6]«lsª
Joj;foLx¿n] klg :j:y k|lt:kwf{sf ;fy cfk\mgf] pBdzLntf a9fpg' kg{]
b]lvG5 . ko{6g ljsf;df oftfoftsf] e"ldsf klg lgs} dxŒjk"0f{ dflgG5 .
g]kfn e"kl/j]li6t d'n's ePsfn] of] b]z hn oftfoftsf] ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt
5 . oxL tYonfO{ x[boª\ud u/L xfdLn] ko{6g k|j4{gsf nflu jt{dfg dfgj
hLjgsf] dxŒjk"0f{ cfwf/ oftfoftsf] k|aGw ;'Jojl:yt / ;ª\ul7t ¿kaf6
ug'{ clgjfo{ x'G5 . log} s'/fnfO{ ;fsf/ ¿k lbg g]kfnn] klg ko{6g jif{sf]
cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6gsf dfWodaf6 b]zsf] cfly{s
pGgltdf 6]jf k'¥ofpg] sfd x'g ;s] ko{6g jif{ ;fy{s x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ ko{6g k|jw{gsf nflu s] ug{' k5{ <
v_ ko{6g ljsf;sf] nflu lglh If]qn] s:tf] e"ldsf v]Ng' k5{ <
u_ g]kfnn] ko{6g jif{sf] cfof]hgf lsg u/]sf] xf] <
3_ ko{6g jif{nfO{ s;/L ;fy{s agfpg ;lsG5 <
ª_ e"kl/j]li7t, pBdzLntf, k|lt:kwf{ / dfWodsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .
Trinity International Secondary School 46
!)= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L Ps t[tLof+zdf ;ª\If]kLs/0f ug{' xf];\ M %
lzIffdf dlxnfx¿ kl5 kg{'df cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs sf/0fx¿ g} k|d'v eP
tfklg b]zsf] ef}uf]lns agfj6 tyf ljutdf /fhgLlts sf/0f klg /x]sf]
lyof] . lzIffdf dlxnf ;xeflutf sd x'g'sf cfly{s / ;fdflhs
sf/0fx¿sf ¿kdf cfly{s ljkGgtf, z}lIfs r]tgfsf] sdL, k/Dk/fut
;fdflhs wf/0ff, cGw ljZjf; tyf ¿l9jfb, l56f] ljjfx, 3/fo;L sfddf
dlxnfsf] a9L ;+nUgtf cflbnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf dlxnf
lzIffsf] pko'St ljsf;sf nflu plNnlvt sf/0fx¿nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/
of]hgf agfO{ sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{' kb{5 . vf; u/L dlxnf lzIffk|lt
/x]sf gsf/fTds wf/0ff, cGw ljZjf; ;fdflhs e]befj x6fO{ z}lIfs
r]tgfdf clej[l4 ug]{ vfnsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng u/L ;a}n] k9\g kfpg]
clwsf/sf] sb/ ug{] / 5f]/Lx¿nfO{ :s'n k7fpg] sfo{df ;dfhnfO{
clek|l/t ul/g' cfjZos 5 . To;} u/L ef}uf]lns b[li6n] ljs6 / b'u{d
If]qx¿df ljBfno tyf cGo lzIf0f ;+:yf vf]Ng] sfdnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg' /
ljkGg ju{sf nflu cfod"ns sfo{qmd tyf pko'St /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/
;[hgf ul/g' cfjZos b]lvG5 .
!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M %
s_ s'g} pTkflbt ;fdu|Lsf] Ps cfsif{s lj1fkg tof/ ug'{ xf];\ .
v_ xfjfx'/Lsf sf/0f lau|]sf nfOg agfpg' kg]{ xF'bf cfk"lt{ Ps xKtf;Dd
aGb x'g] eGg] g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fsf] ;"rgf tof/ ug'{ xf];\ .

!@= g]kfndf a9\b} u/]sf] a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofsf] ljifodf !%) zAb;Ddsf] Pp6f
l6Kk0fL tof/ ug'{ xf];\ . %
cyjf
tkfO{sf] SofDk;df cfof]lht s'g} Ps uf]i7Lsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ xf]; \ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf lgaGw n]Vg' xf]; \ M !)
s_ cg'zf;g
v_ nf]stGq
u_ d]/f] b]zM d]/f] ;j{:j

Trinity International Secondary School 47

!$= Ps lrxfg pkGof;sf] tn lbOPsf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'
xf];\ M -@ × %  !)_
æeOuf], l7s kfg'{ kb}{g . v'a gf6s ug{ hfGb5g\ tkfO{ h:tf nf]Ug]
dfG5]x¿ . otf dl;t k|]d, ptf gf]s/gLl;t k|]d, k]ml/ ptf cs}{l;t, k]ml/
ptf cs}{l;t, emg\ ptf k]ml/ cs}{l;t, o;/L klg efp g/fv]/ lxF8\g' < d}n]
Ps — Ps ;'lg ;s]+ tkfO{sf] od'gf t6df aHg] j+zLsf] w'g <Æ d';'Ss xfF:t}
v'a Joª\Uo efjdf gfgLysF'n] elgg\ .
æcf]xf] Û kf7 t v'a k9fP/ k9fPsf] /x]5 . dnfO{ zª\sf dfq nfu]sf] lyof] .
TolQsf a]/ df}sf kfPsf] lsg 5f]8\yL . t/ gfgLys'F Û ltdL s;}sf s'/fdf
gnfu, dnfO{ ljZjf; u/, slxNo} wf]sf vfg' kg]{ 5}g .Æ cfZjf;gsf]
efjdf 8fS6/ uf]bQ k|;fbn] eg] .
k|Zgx¿
s_ dflysf] k|yd cg'R5]bdf gfgLysF'n] s;nfO{ lsg JoËo u/]sL x'g \ <
v_ dflysf] bf];|f] cg'R5]bdf 8f= uf]bQ k|;fbn] gfgLysF'nfO{ lbPsf]
cfZjf;g sltsf] plrt 5 < cfˆgf] k|ltlqmof n]Vg' xf];\ .

!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × %  !)_

s_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf]; \ M
cfn' s:tf] ldng;f/ 5 eg] ufG6f]df :jod\ ufG6] d'nfb]lv lnP/ cUnf]df
nf}sf;Dd, r'Rr]df :jo+ r'Rr] s/]nfb]lv lnP/ a'Rr]df k/j/;Dd,
vfFlbPsf]df u'Gb'«sb]lv lnP/ afFlwPsf]df s'l/nf];Dd, h];Fu h;/L ldnfO lbg'
xf];\ cfn' 7\ofDd} ldln xfN5 . To;}n] wgL, ul/a, duGt], ljåfg\, nDk'm,
a'l¢dfg, n¶' ;f/fsf efG;fdf cfn'sf] ;dfg ;Ddfg 5, ;dfg k|j]z /
k|lti7f 5 . o; cy{df cfn'nfO{ ;dfhjfbL, ;dGjojfbL, ;fDojfbL tkfO{ h]
gfd lbg' xf];\, j:t'tM cfn'sf] d"n l;¢fGt cfn'jfb g} xf] . hlt;'s}
;dfgtfsf] cfbz{ /fv] klg cfk"m — cfk"mdf d]n gug'{ cfn'jfbsf] ljz]iftf
xf] .
k|Zgx¿
c_ cfn'nfO{ lsg ldng;f/ elgPsf] xf] <
cf_ cfn'sf] ;Ddfg lsg 5 <
O_ cfn'sf] d"n l;¢fGtnfO{ lsg cfn'jfb elgPsf] xf] <
O{_ cfn'jfbsf] laz]iftf s] xf] <

Trinity International Secondary School 48

 p_ o; lgaGwf+zdf k|:t't ePsf] Joª\Uo s;k|lt nlIft 5 <
v_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
d ltd|f] d[t b]x;Fu lhpFb} dg{ ;S5'
d ltdLx¿sf] ;fd"lxs anfTsf/ vk]/ afFRg ;S5'
ltdLnfO{ t o:tf] slxNo} ePg,
ltdLn] /h:jnfsf] si6k|b If0f ef]u]sf 5}gf}
ltdLnfO{ cfˆgf] cl:dtfsf] hf]lvd p7fpg' kb}{g
ltdLnfO{ ue{wf/0fsf] cltzo k6\of/nfUbf] cjlw yfxf 5}g
ltdLnfO{ k|;j sfnsf] ;LdftLt si6 ef]Ug' kb}{g
k|Zgx¿
c_ klxnf] kª\lStdf sljn] s] eGg rfx]sL 5g\ <
cf_ sljn] …dÚ sf s:tf ;d:of k|:t't u/]sL 5g\ <
O_ …ltdLÚ n] gef]u]sf s'/fsf dfWodaf6 sljn] eGg vf]h]sf s'/fx¿ s] s]
x'g\ <
O{_ ;fd"lxs anfTsf/, /h:jnf, cl:dtf, ue{wf/0f / k|;j cj:yfsf sf/0fn]
g} dlxnfx¿nfO{ kl5 kfl/Psf] xf] t <
p_ æltdLnfO{ cfˆgf] cl:dtfsf] hf]lvd p7fpg' kb{}gÆ eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf]
<
u_ tnsf syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
o;/L lbg/ftsf] klx/f] / xfjfsf] 8/df afFr]/, b'O{ Ps/ hldgsf] df6f] jif{df
b'O{ rf]l6 kN6fP/ hLljsf ug]{ d]nf] kl/jf/sf] xTof xf] .
k|Zgx¿
c_ of] egfO s;sf] xf] <
cf_ s] s'/fnfO{ kl/jf/sf] xTof elgPsf] xf] <
O_ o; p¢/0fn] hLjgsf] s'g cj:yfsf] lrq0f u/]sf] 5 <
O{_ o; egfOeGbf nuQ} cl3sf] syf ;Gbe{ s] xf] <
p_ o; egfOkl5 syfdf s] ePsf] 5 <

!^= …hGde"ld :ju{eGbf klg dxfg\ x'G5Ú eGg] egfOk|lt …g]kfn} g/x]Ú sljtfsf
cfwf/df cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f k|:t't ug'{ xf];\ . %

Trinity International Secondary School 49

 Set C
ljBfyL{x¿n] ;s];dd cfˆg} zAbdf pQ/ lbg' kg]{5 .
!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tn lbOPsf j0f{x¿nfO{ k|oTg / 3f]ifTjsf cfwf/df 5'6 \6\ofpg' xf];\M
3, h, g, k, ; .
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbsf] cIf/ ;+/rgf / cIf/ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\M
‰ofn, :ofaf;\, ;"o{, k/Dk/f, gu/kflnsf
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M %
t}klg uf}/Lsf] of] cfZjfzg d]/f] k"?if cfTdf nfO{ clt ;Xo x'Fb}glyof] .
dw's/nfO{ klg t 3f]8f dw'dfntLn] lslg lbPsf] xf]Og, cfkmg} k'?;fy{n]
p;n] ;o dg kmnfdsf] lrp/f vfP/ ;o dg b'w lkP/, ;o km]/f 808f
k]n]/ clg Ps} rf]l6df kml6ssf] vDaf kmf]8]/ lgsfn]sf] xf] gL Û
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf zAbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'
xf];\ M #
3/df d]/f] e]6 w]/} dflg;;Fu eof] . 3/d'lg ;]tf la/fnf /x]5g\ . w]/} dfly
rflxF ghfpmF x} <
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M@
cfh sfnf] sf]6 nufP/ d ahf/ uPF . cfsfzdf afbn nfu]sf] lyof] .
k'ln;x¿ k;nlg/ plePsf lyP . cfh}af6 lkt[eQmx¿sf nflu ;f]x| >f4
;'? eof] . o;kfnf b;}Fdf df;' vfP/ t]SjfGbf] v]Ng' knf{ .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -@×# Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg j6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / ltg j6f k|Too
Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
xfdL af6faf6 lxFl8 /x]sf lyof}F . s]xL u|fdL0f ljsf;sf cWoIf af6fdf
e]l6P . xfdLn] ljb]z hfg] o'jf o'jtLsf] a9\bf] cle?lrsf ;DaGwdf
s'/f u¥of}F . ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] a9\bf] k|of]un] ;+;f/df rdTsf/ NofPsf]
s'/f ax't /l;nf] lyof] . clxn] k|frLg ;doeGbf Hofb} ljsl;t ;do
5 . t/ a]9ª\un] a9]sf] ljs[ltn] g]kfnL ;+:s[ltdfly g} cltqmd0f
ePsf] s'/f kTofl/nf] xf] . o;/L xfdL xlif{t x'g ;s]gf}F .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj zAb vf]hL ;d:t
zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg'
xf];\ M

Trinity International Secondary School 50

 lxhf]cfh n'6kf6 tyf ckx/0fsf w]/yf]/ 36gfx¿ lbglbg} ;'lgG5g\ .
qf;o'Qm x[bo ljbf/s 36gfx¿n] ufpF ;x/ htftt} lrGt}lrGtf
5fPsf] 5 . zflGtlk|o hgtfx¿ c>'wf/f aufpFb} dgdg} ;f]Rbf x'g\,
gofF g]kfn slxn] b]Vg kfOG5 <
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ^ j6f ;lGwo'St zAb klxrfg u/L ;lGw ljR5]b ug'{
xf];\ M
a/fx If]q wfld{s tyf k|fs[lts b[li6n] dgf]/d :yn xf] . o;sf]
;]/f]km]/f]df /x]sf jg hª\un, 8fF8fsfF8f, gbLgfnfx¿n] oxfFsf] ;f}Gbo{nfO{
cTolws cfsif{s agfPsf 5g\ . oxfFsf] e|d0fn] ;xl/of kl/j]zaf6
cln 6f9f :yfgLo ufpFn] ;dfh;Fu ememNsf] lbG5 . of] k|s[ltsf]
;ª\ud :yn t x'Fb} xf] . o; afx]s hg efjgfsf] :jfutsf nflu
xftdf ;'dg lnP/ a;]sf] ;Ktsf];L gbL klg dfgj ¿ks} k|ltd"lt{ xf]
.
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ k'lnª\u eP :qLlnª\u / :qLlnª\u eP k'lnª\udf
kl/jt{g u/L jfSo 9fFrf ;d]t ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
Ps lbg Pp6f s]6f] ;8sdf lxFl8 /x]sf] lyof] . ToxfF Pp6L s]6Ln]
p;nfO{ af]nfO{ . s]6L Tof] s]6f] stf hfg] xf] Tot} hfg] /lx5 .
p;nfO{ Tof] s]6fn] lh:SofP5 . lh:SofPkl5 s]6Ln] s]6fnfO{ Ps
emfk8 xflg5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf] k|yd k'?if stf{nfO{ låtLo k'?ifdf kl/jt{g u/L
pRr cfb/df /fVg' xf];\ / jfSo 9fFrf klg ldnfpg' xf];\ M
d ljBfyL{ x'F . d]/f w]/} ;fyLx¿ 5g\ . xfdL bflh{lnª uPsf 5}gf}F .
ToxfF slxn] hfpmF eGg] dnfO{ nflu /x]sf] 5 . t/ df}sf kfpg eg]
d}n] clxn];Dd ;s]sf] 5}g .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M ^
s_ ;a} sf/s kg]{ u/L cfk"mn] u/]sf] z}lIfs e|d0fsf] ^ jfSodf j0f{g ug'{
xf];\ / k|To]s sf/sdf /]vfª\sg u/L sf/ssf] gfd ;d]t n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
d]/f afafn] dnfO{ k9\g ljb]z k7fpF5g\ /] . d}n] t 8fS6/L k9\g] lgwf]
u¥of] . ltdLx¿ s] k9\5;\ < pgLx¿ klg d;Fu} hfG5 /] . ;'idf klg
kl5 cfpF5 xf]nf . v'a /dfOnf] x'g] eP .

Trinity International Secondary School 51

*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M @×$Ö*
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf lbOPsf cf7 j6f ;/n jfSoaf6 rf/ j6f ;+o'Qm
jfSo agfpg' xf];\ M
ltdL s8f kl/>d u/ . ;kmntf ltd|f] xftdf 5 . kl/>d g} k"hf xf] .
kl/>dn] dflg;nfO{ dxfg\ agfpF5 . kl/>dsf] kmn cd[t t'No x'g]
s'/f zf:qdf n]lvPsfn] o;nfO{ lz/f]wfo{ ug'{ k5{ . o;f] ePdf
;'vdo hLjg lhpg ;lsG5 . ltdL lg/Gt/ cEof; u/ . ltdL
ljlzi6 >]0fLdf pQL0f{ x'G5f} .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ s/0f eP cs/0f / cs/0f eP
s/0fdf kl/jt{g u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
hf] ldlxg]t u5{ p;n] g} ;kmntf kfpF5 . tkfO{+ of] s'/fdf ;xdt
x'g'x'Gg eg] d]/f] eGg' s]xL 5}g . d s;}sf] s'/f ;'lGbgF . g/fd|f] ljrf/
dnfO{ dfGo 5}g . ;+;f/dfly xfdLn] ljho ug{ ;lsFb}g eGg]df dnfO{
ljZjf; 5}g . s'/f ;fFrf] xf] t < xf] eg] yfxf x'g]5 . of] s'/f s;}nfO{
geGg' n .
u_ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ xf];\ M
of] b]zsf hgtf l;wf;fwf 5g\ . g]tfx¿ eg] r08fn 5g\ . csf{sf]
d'v tfSg] afgL /fd|f] xf]Og . ca gofF g]kfn agfpg ;a} Psh'6 x'g'
k5{ .
(= tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M !)
g]kfnsf] e"w/ftn t/fO{, kxf8 / lxdfnsf] ljljwtfn] ag]sf] 5 . t/fO{sf]
e"efu ;dtn 5 / of] qmdzM pQ/tk{m kxf8 x'Fb} pRr lxdfn;Dd k'Ub5 .
t/fO{sf] ;dtn e"If]qsf] prfO ;d'b|b]lv ^) ld= 5 eg] pQ/sf] ;u/dfyf
lxdfn;Dd k'Ubf o; w/ftnsf] prfO *,*$* ld= ;Dd k'Ub5 . ;u/dfyf
lxdfnsf] of] prfOnfO{ ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf cUnf] prfO ePsf] If]q dflgG5 .
t/fO{b]lv lxdfn;Ddsf] e"ljljwtf cfheGbf !@ s/f]8 jif{ cufl8 ef}ule{s
pynk'yn x'Fbf l;h{gf ePsf] xf] . pQ/tk{msf] o'/]l;og Kn]6 / blIf0fdf
/x]sf] ef/tLo pkdxfåLksf] Kn]6 Ps cfk;df 7Ss/ vfFbf l;h{gf ePsf]
xf] . pQ/tk{msf] o'/]l;og Kn]6 / blIf0fdf /x]sf] ef/tLo pkdxfåLksf] Kn]6
Ps cfk;df 7Ss/ vfFbf lxdfn lxdfn aGg uPsf] s'/f e"ue{ljb\x¿
atfpF5g\ . log} e"w/ftnLo ljljwtfdf g]kfnsf] hnjfo' ljljwtf, h}ljs
ljljwtf, ;f+:s[lts ljljwtf Pjd\ tfn tyf l;d;f/sf] ljljwtfsf] ;+/rgf

Trinity International Secondary School 52

 eO cfPsf] 5 . g]kfn ljleGg e"efudf ljBdfg tfntn}of, bx, s'08,
kf]v/L Pjd\ l;d;f/ xfd|f k|fs[lts, cfWoflTds tyf ;+f:s[lts ljsf;sf
w/f]xf/ x'g\ . o:tf ;|f]tx¿ klg ljsf;sf nflu cfwf/ aGb} cfPsf 5g\ .
pbfx/0fsf nflu sf:sL lhNnfsf k]mjf tyf a]ugf; tfnx¿nfO{ lng
;lsG5 h;n] kf]v/fsf] dgf]/dtfnfO{ k|l;l4sf] lzv/df k'¥ofO lbPsf 5g\
eg] oL tfnx¿ g} cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6sx¿sf nflu cfdif{0f ug{]
dfWod klg ePsf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{ Psflt/ :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿sf]
hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;xof]u k'u]sf] 5 eg] csf{tkm{ ko{6g k|jw{gdf ;xof]u
k'Ug uO{ b]zsf] /fli6«o cfodf klg of]ubfg k'u]sf] 5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ lxdfnsf] pTklQ s;/L ePsf] xf] <
v_ g]kfnsf] e"w/ftnLo agf]6df prfOsf b[li6n] s:tf] leGgtf kfOG5 <
u_ ljsf;sf w/f]x/x¿ s] s] x'g\ <
3_ tfntn}of, s'08 / l;d;f/n] s:tf] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf 5g\ <
ª_ …;dtnÚ / …e"ue{ljb\Ú zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .
!)= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L d'Vo d'Vo kfFr a'Fbf l6kf]6 ug'{ xf];\ M %
ltd}| gf;f] of] lhGbuL sf7df8f}Fsf] of] 9'ª\Uofg 5ftLdf l3l;|Fbfl3l;|Fb} lvOFb}
uO /x]5 . st} ltd|f] of] gf;f] kmsf{pg kf] g;lsg] xf] ls eGg] ;Gqf;n] d
;w}F ys{dfg 5' . h] h:tf] xfntdf xf];\, of] b]x 9Ng' cufj} ltd|f] gf;f]
ltdLnfO{ ;'Dkg kfP d]/f] 7'nf] t[i0ff d]l6g] lyof] . ;2] t kmsf{pg s] b]nf /
of] sf7df8f}Fn] Û of] ;x/n] Û of] d?e"ldn] Û o;n] lkN:ofO{ lkN:ofO{ ltdLn]
lbPsf] ;f}s'dfo{nfO{ t cjZo} s'¿k kfg]{ 5 . cfpg rflxF d lglZrt ¿kn]
cfpg] 5'Ù t/ cfdf, ltdL sxflng rflxF gsxflng" x} d]/f] c:tJo:t xfnt
b]v]/ Û ltdLn] Tolt w]/} htg / dfof u/]sf] d]/f w'sw'sLx¿sf] a]9ª\u rfn
b]v]/ cfFvfel/ cfF;' klg gy'kfg"{ Û ef}lts z/L/sf] ;f}Gbo{ hLjgsf] ;Dk"0f{tf
xf]Og, dfG5]sf] dg rflxF sbflk s'¿k x'g' x'Fb}g . of] ;x/sf] :kz{n] of]
z/L/nfO{ s'¿k agfP klg dg eg] ltdLn] h:tf] agfO lbPsL 5\of} To:t}
5 . To;}n] t d ltdLeGbf olt k/ a;]/ klg ltd|} dfofn] b|jLe"t ePsL 5'
/ oL k|To]s cIf/ ¿kdf klUnFb} klUnFb} eml/ /x]sL 5' .

Trinity International Secondary School 53

!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M %
s_ tkfO+s { f ufpF3/df vfg]kfgLsf] plrt k|aGw x'g g;Sbf To;af6 k}bf
ePsf ;d:oftkm{ ;DalGwt kIfsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpgsf lglDt
:yfgLo klqsfsf ;DkfbsnfO{ lr7L n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ pRr dfWolds txsf] clgjfo{ g]kfnL ljifosf] kf7\o k':tssf
ljz]iftfx¿ cf}FNofpFb} To;sf] lj1fkgsf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ .
!@= cfkm"n] cjnf]sg u/]sf] s'g} lj1fg k|bz{gL af/] !%) zAb;Ddsf] Pp6f
k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ M %
cyjf
…cJojl:yt ;x/Ls/0fn] hGdfPsf ;d:ofÚ zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] Pp6f
l6Kk0fL n]Vg' xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf #)) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg' xf];\ M!)
s_ d]/f] ;kgfsf] b]z
v_ k|fljlws lzIffsf] dxŒj
u_ nf]stGq / g]kfnsf] eljio
!$= tnsf] gf6\of+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M !)
eSt] Û t]/f] Pp6f 5f]/f lyof], la/] . t]/f] :jfy{ ToxL lyof], ToxL Ps ljGb'
lyof], t]/f] Pp6} lx/f lyof], Pp6} dfof lyof], ca Tof] d¥of], Tof] 5}g . x]/\,
To;sf] ;6\6fdf w]/} la/] h:tf 5f]/fx¿ oxfF 5g\ . PSn} la/]n] kfpg] dfof
tL ;a}df afFl8 lbP;\ , Ps lbg t]/f] d]/f] OR5f k'/f x'g] 5 . lkmqmL gn], d
csf]{ ;kgf l;h{gf u5'{ . ul/aLnfO{ ;+;f/af6 6f9f ldNsfpF5', a'lem;\
eSt] Û ul/aLnfO{ d ldNsfO 5f8\5', kG5fO 5f8\5' . kG5fpg] sfddf afwf
dfG5] x'G5 eg] d To;sf] b'Zdg x'G5', To;}l;t n8\5', /f]lsGgF . afwf a'l4
x'G5 eg] a? d l;NnL x'G5' . d"v{ x'G5', kl5 x6\ltgF . ul/aLsf ;dy{s
eP/ k/d]Zj/ v8f x'G5g\ eg] klg a? d gfl:ts x'G5', b]lVtgF, g/f] eSt] Û
;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5 . s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ dflysf] gf6of+zsf cfwf/df ax'nf sfhL s:tf] ljrf/ /fVg] kfq xf] <
:ki6 kfg{' xf];\ .
v_ ……;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5, s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}gÚÚ eGg] egfOk|lt
tkfO+{sf] ;xdlt jf c;xdlt s] 5 < cfk\mgf ts{ lbO{ k|ltlqmof n]Vg' xf];\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 54

!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × %Ö!)_
s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
d ltd|f] d[tb]x;Fu lhpFb} dg{ ;S5'
d ltdLx¿sf] ;fd"lxs anfTsf/ vk]/ afFRg ;S5'
ltdLnfO{ t o;f] slxNo} ePg,
ltdLn] /h:jnfsf] si6k|b If0f ef]u]sf 5}gf}
ltdLnfO{ cfˆgf] cl:dtfsf] hf]lvd p7fpg' kb}{g
ltdLnfO{ ue{ wf/0fsf] cltzo k6\of/ nfUbf] cjlw yfxf 5}g
ltdLnfO{ k|;j sfnsf] ;LdftLt si6 ef]Ug' kb}{g
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ klxnf] kª\lStdf sljn] s] eGg rfx]sL x'g\ <
cf_ sljn] …dÚ sf s:tf ;d:of k|:t't u/]sL 5g\ <
O_ …ltdLÚ n] gef]u]sf s'/fsf dfWodaf6 sljn] eGg vf]h]sf s'/fx¿
s] s] x'g\ <
O{_ ;fd"lxs anfTsf/, /h:jnf, cl:dtf, ue{ wf/0f / k|;j
cj:yfsf sf/0fn] g} dlxnfx¿nfO{ kl5 kfl/Psf] xf] t <
p_ æltdLnfO{ cfˆgf] cl:dtfsf] hf]lvd p7fpg' kb}{gÆ eGg'sf] tfTko{ s]
xf] <
v_ cfkb\ ljkb\ hxfF klg 5 . xf] x'/Ln] lauf¥of] t/ ca ;a} l7s agfO
xfN5f}F, s'g} g;lsg] sfd xf]Og Tolt ug{ . cfˆgf] 3/ 5, uf]7 5,
uf]7df ufO{x¿ 5g\, af/L 5, af/Ldf lt; rfln; ‰ofª afF;x¿ 5g\,
uu'g / g]ef/fsf ?vx¿ 5g\ , sfFqmfsf] nx/f cfsfzlt/ hfFb}
5====x'/Ln] slt kf] laufg{ ;S5 / < OM ca uP/ agfO xfNg' k5{ .
k|Zgx¿ M
-c_ of] egfO s;sf] xf] <
-cf_ …cfkt\ ljkt\ hxfF klg 5Ú eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
-O_ o; p¢/0fdf lglZrGttfsf] k|:t'lt s;/L ePsf] 5 <
-O{_ p¢/0f cg';f/ syfsf] 6'ª\UofpgL s;/L ul/Psf] 5 <
-p_ o; syf+zn] s:tf] kl/j]z k|:t't u/]sf] 5 <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; \ M
gf/LnfO{ g/ssf] d"n 9f]sf g7fGg] / hLjgsf] ;a}h;f] If]qdf :qL
k'?ifsf] a/fa/ xs x'g' k5{ eGg] Pjd\ k5f}6] b]zsf cfOdfO{nfO{ 3/

Trinity International Secondary School 55

 gfpFsf] ‰ofnvfgfleq y'lg /xg glbO{ ;fdflhs If]qdf ;d]t nDsg
xf}:ofpg]x¿ ;flxTo tyf /fhgLlt cflbtkm{ nfu]sf o'jsx¿ g} x'g\ .
o; lsl;dsf] sfdsf lglDt dlxnfx¿sf] ;Dks{df /xg] ug'{ /
pgLx¿dWo] ;s];Dd a9L hgfnfO{ cfk\mgf] ldq agfpg' h?/L ;d]t
5.
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ …gf/LnfO{ g/ssf] d"n 9f]sf g7fGg]Ú eGgfsf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
cf_ cfw'lgs o'jfx¿df :qL k'?ifsf ljifodf s:tf] b[li6sf]0f /x]sf] 5 <
O_ dflysf] ;Gbe{af6 g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s:tf] tl:a/ k|:t't ePsf]
5<
O{_ n]vssf] gf/L ;DaGwL dfGotf s:tf] /x]sf] 5 <
p_ of] lgaGwf+z s'g ;Gbe{df cfPsf] xf] <
!^= …lgDg juL{o dflg;x¿sf] hLjgfj:yf sxfnL nfUbf] x'G5 .Ú /fte/L x'/L
rNof] syfsf cfyf/df cfk\mgf] k|ltls|of n]Vg' xf];\ . %

Trinity International Secondary School 56

 Set D
ljBfyL{x¿n] ;s];dd cfˆg} zAbdf pQ/ lbg' kg]{5 .
!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tn lbOPsf j0f{x¿nfO{ :yfg / k|oTgsf cfwf/df lrgfpg' xf];\ M
b, s, k, x, o
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbsf] cIf/ ;+/rgf / cIf/ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\M
ˆofp/f], ;nn, kf}/fl0fs, ljz]if0f, cf~rlnstf
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M %
lj:jsf] dfglrqdf g]kfn :ofgf] d"n's xf] t/ ozsf] k|fls|lts ;f}Gb/o
x]g'{xf];\ t tkfOnfO{ s:tf] nfU5 Tof] cj0f{gLo 5 eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 .
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf zAbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'
xf];\ M #
ul/aLsf ;dy{s eP/ k/d]Zj/ v8f x'G5g\ eg] klg a? d gfl:ts x'G5',
blAbgF, g/f] eQm] ;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5, s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M@
/fhgLlt /fHo;Qfsf] ef]sdf lnKt 5 . ca ef]ssf] /fhgLlt klg w]/} 6f9f
5}g . cfˆg} kfv'/fsf] cfwf/ / cfˆg} k}tfnfsf] ;+;f/ gvf]Hg] xf] eg]
8fdf]Sn];sf] t/af/ e'mlG8Psf] TofGb|f] r'Fl8g ;S5 . ca /fhgLltsf] eo
hgtfsf] ef]sdf c8\lsg] cj:yf l;h{gf x'Fb} 5 . ul/aL a9\bf] 5 .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × # Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg j6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / ltg j6f k|Too
Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] tLj| ljsf; ljZjsf] b'|tt/ pGgltsf] sf/0f xf] .
dfgjLo cfjZostfx¿sf] k"lt{ ug{ xfd|f] h:tf] ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf
lglDt lj1fgsf] lglj{sNk pkfb]otf /x]sf] 5 . j}1flgs lzIffn]
cg';Gwfgsf] If]q Jofks agfO{ bIf hgzlQm tof/ kf/]/ b]zs}
;|f]t;fwgsf] pkof]u u/L ;dfh cg's"n ljsf;sf] b[li6 lbg ;Sg] x'g'
k5{ . b]z ljsf;df j}1flgs k|ltefsf] 7'nf] dxŒj x'g] s'/fnfO{ a'em]/
g]kfnLx¿n] lj1fgdf hf]8 lbg' pko'Qm x'G5 .

Trinity International Secondary School 57

 v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj zAb vf]hL ;d:t
zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg'
xf];\ M
;'ljwfef]uL dfq eO{ b]z ljsf; / hgwgsf] s'g} /]vb]v g/fvL Ps
cfk;df xfgfyfk / s'6fs'6d} d:t /xg] g]tfx¿sf] cfjZostf 5}g .
lbg/ft sfd}sfd eg]/ kl;gfsf] xf8 3f]6\bf klg hgtfsf] hLjg:t/
eg] tntn} efl;g] of] s:tf] rfnfdfnf xf] < gs6f kye|i6
g]tfx¿nfO{ ca bf]wf/df gk/L rf/ e~Hofª s6fpg' k5{ .
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ^ j6f ;lGwo'Qm Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf]
;lGw ljR5]b ug'{ xf];\ M
k|s[ltsf] cyfx e08f/sf] ljlrqtfleq ;f+;fl/s k|f0fLx¿ cfTd;Gt'li6
k|fKt u/L /dfP/} afFr]sf x'G5g\ . cfcfkm\gf] rt'¥ofOF / cSsnsf]
clwstd ;b'kof]u u/]/ dflg;n] cfk'mnfO{ ;j{>]i7 k|f0fLsf ¿kdf
;f+;fl/s ljlrqtf / ;f}Gbo{sf] a[xt\ cfgGbfg'e"lt cg'ej ug]{ ;f}efUo
kfPsf] 5 .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ k|yd k'?ifdf kl/jt{g u/]/ jfSo 9f“rf
;d]t ldnfpg' xf];\ M
cWoog ;s]/ ltdL ufpF hfG5f} . ltdL ufpFdf Pp6f k':tsfno
vf]N5f} . ltdL ufpFdf Pp6f ljwfno klg vf]N5f} . ltdL s]6fs]6LnfO{
k9fpF5f} . ldlxg]t ub}{ uP ltdL ljåfg\ aG5f} .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ OR5fy{sdf kl/jt{g u/L jfSo 9f“rf
klg ldnfpg' xf];\ M
xfdL c;xfonfO{ ;xof]u u5f}{F . ltdLx¿ klg pgLx¿nfO{ ;xof]u
u5f}{ . ;a}n] /fd|f] ljrf/ lnG5f}F . ;+;f/nfO{ /fd|f] efjgfn] l;+ufg"{ .
;+;f/ cfkm} /fd|f] x'G5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M ^
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf /]vfª\lst zAbx¿ s'g s'g sf/s x'g\ <
lj/f6gu/af6 a;åf/f cfPsf xfd|f sfsfnfO{ sf7df8f}Fdf hf8f]n] v'a
;tfof] . ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fP/ cfpFbf cfpFb} af6fdf sfsfn] dnfO{
O;f/fn] af]nfpg' eof] . d bf}8]/ uPF . xfdL ;Fu} 3/ k'u]kl5 cfdfn]
s;f}F8Laf6 8f8'n] lv/ lemsL srf}/fdf xfn]/ b'j}nfO{ lbg' eof] .

Trinity International Secondary School 58

 v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
d]/f efO ;fx|} c;n 5 . ;fyLx¿;Fu efO / alxgL b'j} v]N5 . tkfO{+n]
d]/f] s'/f a'em]gf}F < s]xL lkmqmL lng' 5}g lsgeg] ;Ltfn] t a'‰5 lg Û
pgLx¿ cfpF5 . To;kl5 ltdL /dfpF5 .
*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M @ × $Ö*
s_ tnsf ;/n jfSox¿nfO{ rf/ j6f hl6n jfSo -ld> jf ;+o'Qm_ df
jfSofGt/0f ug'{ xf];\ M
nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f g]kfnL ;flxTosf dxfslj x'g\ . b]jsf]6f Hofb}
rlr{t 5g\ . b]jsf]6fn] bz jif{s} pd]/df sljtf n]v] . b]jsf]6fsf]
c;fwf/0f k|ltef b]v]/ ;a} 5Ss k/] . …d'gfdbgÚ s[lt n]v]kl5
b]jsf]6fsf] Voflt XjfQ} a9\of] . …zfs'GtnÚ n] t pgnfO{ emg\ prfOdf
k'¥ofof] . b]jsf]6fn] g]kfnL ;flxTonfO{ ljZj ;flxTo;Fu hf]8\g rfx]sf
lyP . pgsf] cNkfo'd} lgwg eof] .

v_ tnsf jfSox¿sf] p2]Zo tyf ljw]o 5'6\ofpg' xf];\ M

c_ ul/a xs{axfb'/ gfª\uf] cfªn] ef/L af]S5 .
cf_ ;f}Gbo{sf df]xgLdf aUg]x¿ k|foM c;Eo / hª\unL eO lbG5g\ .
O_ s]6fs]6Lx¿ k'mlt{nf 5g\ .
O{_ ljBfyL{ sn]h uP 5g\ .
u_ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf sygdf kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\
cfdfn] dnfO{ afa' eg]/ af]nfpg' eof] . ;fyLn] eGof], ædnfO{ ;xof]u
u/ .Æ …d'gfdbgÚ sf n]vssf] gfd yfxf gePsf] s'/f efOn] atfof] .
pkf;gfn] elgg\, æltdL ;fx|} c;n 5f} .Æ
(= tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M !)
cfh dfgj hflt h'g k[YjLdf ljr/0f ul/ /x]sf] 5 To;sf] ;[li6sf] syf
a8f] /f]rs 5 . k[YjLsf] of] syf s'g} sfNklgs syf xf]Og a? j}1flgs
cg';Gwfgsf] kl/0ffdsf Oltxf; xf] . j}1flgsx¿sf cg';f/ cfheGbf
s/f]8f}F jif{ klxn] ;"o{ cToGt 7'nf] / clt tKt t/n kbfy{ -Uof;_ sf] k'~h
lyof] . ;+of]ujz s'g} ;do s'g} gIfq ;"o{sf] ;dLkdf cfof] / To;sf]
cfsif{0fn] ;"o{sf] ;fgf ;fgf rf]O6f pl56\l6P/ aflx/ lg:s] . o;/L aflx/
lgl:sPsf jf pl56\l6Psf rf]O6f u'?Tjfsif{0fsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ ;"o{af6 w]/}

Trinity International Secondary School 59

 6f9f hfg ;s]gg\ / To;}sf] cf;kf; ;"o{nfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfP/ jl/kl/ 3'Dg
nfu] . log} 6'qmfnfO{ j}1flgsx¿ clUgs0fsf gfdn] ;Daf]wg ub{5g\ .
logsf] csf]{ gfd xf] u|x . ljåfg\x¿n] k|d'v u|xsf] ;ª\Vof gf} dfg]sf 5g\
h;df k[YjL klg Ps xf] . oL k|d'v u|xsf klg c? u|x x'G5g\, h;nfO{
pku|x elgG5 . k[YjL ;"o{sf] pku|x dflgG5 eg] k[YjLsf] pku|x rGb|df xf] .
o:tf ;a} u|xnfO{ ldnfP/ ;f}/ d08n elgG5 . oL ;a} u|xdf h]7f] u|x ;"o{
ePsf] x'Fbf logsf] ;d"xnfO{ o:tf] gfds/0f ul/Psf] xf] . o;/L ;"o{af6
pl56\l6P/ Pp6f 6'qmf k/ uP/ k[YjLsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] x'Fbf qmdzM k[YjLdf
tfk sd x'g yfNof] . k[YjLsf] cfsf/ uf]n ePsf] / of] klg cfˆgf] cIfdf
3'ld /xg] x'Fbf ;"o{sf] tfk / k|sfz k[YjLdf rf/}lt/ k/]sf] k¥o} gx'g] eof] .
k[YjLdf 3'd]/ ;"o{lt/ k/]sf] efudf ;"o{sf] tfk / k|sfz k/] klg csf{lt/
kms]{sf] efudf gkg]{ eof] . ;"o{lt/ kms]{sf] efudf pHofnf] x'GYof] eg]
o;sf] csf]{ efudf cFWof/f] x'GYof] . o;} sf/0f k[YjLdf lbg / /ftsf] ;[li6
eof] . cyf{t\ ;"o{sf] tfk / k|sfz k/]sf] efudf lbg / gk/]sf] efudf
/ftsf] sNkgf ul/of] . o;} rqmsf] cfwf/df cfh xfdL ;dosf] u0fgf
ub{5f}F . o;/L ;"o{sf] tfk k[YjLdf Psgf; kg{ g;s]sf] x'Fbf qmdzM k[YjLsf]
c+z ;]nfpFb} uof] . cfh h'g k[YjLdf xfdL 5f}F, Tof] cg]s o'usf] kl/jt{gsf]
kl/0ffd xf] . o;df hLj k}bf x'g w]/} ;do nfUof] .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ clUgs0f jf u|xsf] lgdf{0f s;/L ePsf] 5 <
cf_ ;f}/ d08n eg]sf] s] xf] <
O_ k[YjLdf lbg / /ft x'g] cfwf/ s] xf] <
O{_ k[YjLsf] pTklQ s;/L ePsf] 5 <
p_ …tKtÚ / …u'?Tjfsif{0fÚ zAbsf cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .

!)= tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ Ps t[tLof+z zAbdf ;ª\If]kLs/0f ug'{ xf];\ M %

hxfF dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg x'Fb}g ToxfF k|hftGq klg x'Fb}g . hxfF k|hftGq
x'G5, ToxfF dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug'{ clgjfo{ x'G5 . dfgj clwsf/nfO{
uf}0f ljifo 7fg]/ / To;nfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/ k|hftGqsf] s'/f ug'{
lg/ª\s'ztfnfO{ cfTd;ft ug'{ xf] . ljZjsf sltko d'n'sx¿df k|hftGqsf
gfddf dfgj clwsf/sf] cjx]ngf x'g] sfo{ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . dfgj
clwsf/k|lt ;Ddfg b;f{pg] k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] eP klg
Jojxf/df To;sf] kfngf gul/Psf k|z:t} pbfx/0fx¿ kfOG5g\ . o;af6 s]
Trinity International Secondary School 60
 s'/f a'‰g' h?/L x'G5 eg] ;+ljwfgdf dfq} dfgj clwsf/k|lt k|lta4tf
hfx]/ u/]/ jf:tljs ¿kdf dfgj clwsf/sf] ;Ddfg x'g ;St}g . dfgj
clwsf/sf] ;Ddfgsf nflu k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg cg';f/ :yflkt x'g]
;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nL klg k|hftflGqs x'g' kb{5 .

!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M %

s_ klqsfdf k|sflzt ;dfrf/n] ;dfhdf kf/]sf] ;sf/fTds k|efjsf]
rrf{ ub}{ cfufdL lbgdf cem hgr]tgfd"ns ;dfrf/nfO{ k|fyldstf
lbg cfu|x ub}{ …uf]/vfkqÚ b}lgssf ;DkfbsnfO{ Pp6f lr7L n]Vg'
xf];\ .
v_ dxfdf/Lsf] ¿kdf km}lnPsf] …a8{ˆn"Ú /f]u af/] hgr]tgf hufpg
:jf:Yo dGqfnon] s:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L unf{ < gd"gf tof/
kfg'{ xf];\ .
!@= cfk"m cWoog/t pRr dfljdf ;DkGg ePsf] jflif{sf]T;j ;df/f]xaf/] !%)
zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ . -dflg lng' xf];\ tkfO{+ cWoog/t
pdfljsf] gfd u|fdL0f cfbz{ pdflj ;'g;/L xf] / tkfO{+sf] gfd r]tgf xf] ._
%
cyjf
…jftfj/0f k|b"if0f / o;sf] c;/Ú zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'
xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf #)) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg' xf]; \ M!)
s_ j}1flgs pGglt / dfgjhLjg
v_ g]kfndf hn;|f]tsf] cj:yf / ;Defjgf
u_ c;n ;dfh lgdf{0fsf lglDt d]/f k|of;x¿
!$= lbOPsf] gf6ssf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M !)
eSt] Û t]/f] Pp6f 5f]/f] lyof], la/] . t]/f] :jfy{ ToxL lyof], ToxL Ps ljGb'
lyof], t]/f] Pp6} lx/f lyof], Pp6} dfof lyof], ca Tof] d¥of], Tof] 5}g . x]/\,
To;sf] ;6\6fdf w]/} la/] h:tf 5f]/fx¿ oxfF 5g\ . PSn} la/]n] kfpg] dfof
tL ;a}df afFl8 lbP;\ . Ps lbg t]/f] d]/f] OR5f k'/f x'g] 5 . lkmqmL gn], d
csf]{ ;kgf l;h{gf u5'{ . ul/aLnfO{ ;+;f/af6 6f9f ldNsfpF5', a'lem;\ eSt]
Û ul/aLnfO{ d ldNsfO 5f8\5', kG5fO 5f8\5' . kG5fpg] sfddf afwf dfG5]
x'G5 eg] d To;sf] b':dg x'G5', To;}l;t n8\5', /f]lsGgF . afwf a'l4 x'G5
eg] a? d l;NnL x'G5' . d"v{ x'G5', kl5 x6\ltgF . ul/aLsf ;dy{s eP/
Trinity International Secondary School 61
 k/d]Zj/ v8f x'G5g\ eg] klg a? d gfl:ts x'G5', blAbgF, g/f] eSt] Û
;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5 . s;}n] /f]Sg ;St}g .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ dflysf] gf6\of+zsf cfwf/df ax'nf sfhL s:tf] ljrf/ /fVg] kfq xf] <
:ki6 kfg'{ xf];\ .
v_ æ;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5, s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}gÆ eGg] egfOk|lt
tkfO{+sf] ;xdlt jf c;xdlt s] 5 < cfˆgf ts{ lbO{ k|ltlqmof n]Vg'
xf];\ .
!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × % Ö !)_
s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
ltdL d]/f] pTkL8g a'‰b}gf}
d ltd|f] pTkL8g a'‰5'
cfpm cfh xfdL pTkL8gx¿ ;f6f;f6 u/f}F
xfdL dfgl;stfn] Psfsf/ xf]cf}F
xfdL Ps csf{ljgf afFRg ;Sg] k|f0fL xf]Ogf}F
d ltd|f] xft b¥xf] u/L ;dfpF5'
ltdL dnfO{ ltdL k'u]sf] 7fpF;Dd} k'¥ofpm
ToxfF, hxfF ltdLnfO{ d}n]
;Eotfsf] cflb sfndf k'¥ofO ;s]sL lyPF .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ o; sljtf+zdf …ltdLÚ / …dÚ n] s; s;nfO{ ;ª\s]t u/]sf 5g\
<
cf_ …ltdL d]/f] pTkL8g a'‰b}gf}Ú egL s;nfO{ elgPsf] xf] <
O_ pTkL8gx¿ lsg ;f6f;f6 ul/g' kb{5 <
O{_ gf/L / k'?if larsf] ;xofqf lsg cfjZos 5 <
p_ æltdLnfO{ d}n] ;Eotfsf] cflbsfndf k'¥ofO ;s]sL lyPFÆ eGg'sf]
tfTko{ s] xf] <
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
o;/L lbg/ftsf] klx/f] / xfjfsf] 8/df afFr]/, b'O{ Ps/ hldgsf] df6f]
jif{df b'O{ rf]l6 kN6fP/ hLljsf ug]{ d]nf] kl/jf/sf] xTof xf] .

Trinity International Secondary School 62

 k|Zgx¿ M
c_ of] egfO s;sf] xf] <
cf_ s] s'/fnfO{ kl/jf/sf] xTof elgPsf] xf] <
O_ o; p4/0fn] hLjgsf] s'g cj:yfsf] lrq0f u/]sf] 5 <
O{_ o; egfOeGbf nuQ}cl3sf] syf ;Gbe{ s] xf] <
p_ o; egfOkl5 syfdf s] ePsf] 5 <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
cfn' s:tf] ldng;f/ 5 eg] ufG6f]df :jod\ ufG6] d'nfb]lv lnP/
cUnf]df nf}sf;Dd, r'Rr]df :jod\ r'Rr] s/]nfb]lv lnP/ a'Rr]df
k/a/;Dd, vfFlbPsf]df u'Gb|'sb]lv lnP/ afFlwPsf]df s'l/nf];Dd, h];Fu
h;/L ldnfO lbg' xf];\ cfn' 7\ofDd} ldln xfN5 . To;}n] wgL, ul/a,
dfgL, duGt], ljåfg\, nDk'm, a'l4dfg\, n6\7' ;f/fsf efG;fdf cfn'sf]
;dfg ;Ddfg 5, ;dfg k|j]z / k|lti7f 5 . o; cy{df cfn'nfO{
;dfhjfbL, ;dGjojfbL, ;fDojfbL tkfO{+ h] gfd lbg' xf];\, j:t'tM
cfn'sf] d"n l;4fGt cfn'jfb g} xf] . hlt;'s} ;dfgtfsf] cfbz{ /fv]
klg cfk"m cfk"mdf d]n gug'{ cfn'jfbsf] ljz]iftf xf] .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ cfn'nfO{ lsg ldng;f/ elgPsf] xf] <
cf_ cfn'sf] ;Ddfg lsg 5 <
O_ cfn'sf] d"n l;4fGtnfO{ lsg cfn'jfb elgPsf] xf] <
O{_ cfn'jfbsf] ljz]iftf s] xf] <
p_ o; lgaGwf+zdf k|:t't ePsf] Joª\Uo s;k|lt nlIft 5 <

!^=…zq' x'“b} gePsf] dfG5] x'G5 ls x'“b}g <zq' syfsf cfwf/df ;dLIffTds
k|ltlqmof n]Vg' xf];\ M
%

Trinity International Secondary School 63

 Set E
ljBfyL{x¿n] ;s];Dd cfˆg} zAbdf pQ/ lbg' kg]{ 5 .
!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tn lbOPsf j0f{x¿nfO{ k|oTg / k|f0fTjsf cfwf/df 5'6 \6\ofpg' xf];\ M
3, r, d, n, x .
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbsf] cIf/ ;+/rgf / cIf/ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
:ofn, ljBfyL{, k"0f{, k|ltlqmof, ;DdfggLo
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M %
P;kfln klg ;+lawfg aGg]df g]kfnL hgtf k'0f{ lj:j:t x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\
. ;xLbsf] ;kgfdf kfgL kf]lvg] eof] eGg]df hgtf lrlGtt\ ePsf 5g\ Û lj/
g]kfnLx¿ nfO{ l/g vf]h]/ lab]l;g afWo x'g' kg]{ ;d:ofsf] cGt slxn] x'g]
xf]nf .
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf zAbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'
xf];\ M #
d 3/ agfpFb} 5', d]/f] efO eg] kxf8sf] 3/ uof] . cf]xf] Û ltdLnfO{ of] s'/f
yfxf 5 s] . ltdLn] yfxf gkfPsf] s'/f s] xf] < d}n] / ltdLn] o;af/] a;]/
klxNo} s'/f u/]sf xf]Ogf}F / <
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M @
/f]bLdf 5d5d gfr]/ /dfOnf] u/]sf s'/fx? cfhsf kq klqsfdf 5flkPsf
5g\ . k':tssf 7]nL sfvLd'lg Rofk]/ sn]h hfg] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ klg o;n]
nfe k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 . ;do ;dodf o:tf sfo{qmdx? eP eg] kfZrfTo
;+:s[ltsf] r:dfn] :jb]zL ;+:s[ltnfO{ x]g]{ s';+:sf/sf] cGTo x'g] lyof] .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×# Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg j6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / ltg j6f k|Too
Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
b]z ljsf;sf nflu gLlt lgod agfpg' kg]{ /fhgLlts JolStTjx¿
;Qfsf] n'5fr'F8Ldf lnKt ePsf 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] s]6f}n] z}nL, g]tfsf]
d'Vof{OF / a]sDdfkg b]v]/ g]kfnL hgtf :jb]zdf pko'St cj;/ kfpg
;Sg] s'/fdf ;zª\lst ag]sf 5g\ . b]zdf dfgjtf u'Db} uO /x]sfn]
zflGtk|]dL b]zjf;L gf/sLo hLjg ef]lu /x]sf 5g\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 64

 v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj zAb vf]hL ;d:t
zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg' xf];\ .
laxfg ;a]/} p7L ;Kt u08sL :gfgkZrft\ kf~rfogsf] k"hf cr{gf u/L
;/;Nnfxsf nflu 5/l5d]sL;Fu hfg] enfbdL JolStsf] ;dfhdf OHht
k|lti7f x'G5 eGg]df d ljZj:t 5' . wg bf}ntsf nflu s'bfs'b ug]]{, tF tF
/ d d eGg] kfgLcfGb|]x¿ eg] ;dfhsf nflu af]em dfq ePsf 5g\ .
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ^ j6f ;lGwo'St zAb klxrfg u/L ;lGw ljR5]b ug'{
xf];\ M
dxfTdfx¿n] k|s[ltnfO{ ljZj ljBfno dfgL hLjgsf] /x:o / jf:tljstf
a'em]/} 5f]8\5g\ . pgLx?n] cfˆgf] 1fg rft'o{ / ljj]ssf] clwstd
;b'kof]u u/L ;f+;fl/s ljlrqtf / dgf]/d ;f}Gbo{sf] pRr cfgGbfg'e"lt
u/L cfk\mgf] dg]fsfdgf k'/f ug]{ ;f}efUo kfPsf x'G5g\ .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ k'lnª\u eP :qLlnª\u / :qLlnª\u eP k'lnª\udf
kl/jt{g u/L jfSo 9fFrf ;d]t ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
sn]hn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] lj1fg k|bz{gLdf d]/L ;fgL elthL cfPsL /lx5g\ .
To; k|bz{gLdf ljlzi6 ljåfg\ u'?x¿ klg x'g' x'GYof] . sfsf klg 8fF8f3/]
;flxFnf;Fu cfpg' ePsf] /x]5 . lbbLn] kms{Fbf k'mkfh'nfO{ lnP/ cfpg eGg'
ePsf] 5 . P ;fFRr} Û alxgL t cfO k'u]sL /lxg5g\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf stf{nfO{ k|yd k'?if stf{df km]/L jfSo 9fFrf klg
ldnfpg' xf];\ M
ltdLx¿ To; 7fpFdf w]/} klxn]b]lv hfg rfx]sf xf} . ltdLx¿sf] af/]df
/fd|f s'/fx¿ ;'Gg kfOof] . ltdLx¿ lgs} Jo:t x'gfn] oxfF cfO k'Ug ;s]gf} .
tkfO{Fsf cfkmGtx¿ klg To; 7fpFdf cfpg rfx]sf 5g\ . a? of] 7fpF p;sf
nflu ckl/lrt 5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M ^
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
d}n] gofF cfljisf/ u/]sf] 5 . d]/f] afafn] To;sf] lgs} k|z+;f ug'{
ePsf 5g\ . d]/f] efO alxgL / cfkmGtx¿ ;a} hgf v';L x'g' x'G5g\ .
ltd|f] lbbL klg v';L x'g' ePsL l5g\ . o; k6ssf] k|bz{gLdf ltdL / d
;Fu} ;xefuL xf]nfg\ . ltdLn] o; af/]df s] ;f]r]sf] 5 <

Trinity International Secondary School 65

 v_ n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, b]lv / df ljelStsf] k|of]u u/L ;a} sf/ssf 5 j6f
jfSodf cfk"mn] x]b}{ u/]sf] s'g} v]nsf] k|ToIf j0f{g ug'{ xf]; \ .

*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M @×$Ö*

s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ jfRo kl/jt{g u/L
k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
o; jif{ r}t]b;}Fdf afUn'ª uOG5 . sflnsf eujtLsf] bz{g ul/G5 .
b]jL;Fu j/bfg dfluG5 . w]/} jif{ klxn] ToxfF k'luPsf] lyof] . ToxfF ;a}
hgf ldn]/ gfRg], ufpg] / /dfOnf] ug]{ ul/GYof] . clxn] klg ToxL
/dfOnf] x'g] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 . df}sf ldn] d'lStgfy;Dd k'luG5 . ks{Fbf
xjfO hxfh r9]/ cfOg] 5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf lbOPsf jfSox¿nfO{ s/0f eP cs/0f / cs/0f eP
s/0fdf kl/jt{g ug{' xf];\ M
b]zsf] cfly{s cj:yfdf ;'wf/ ePsf] 5}g . b]zdf zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt
lau|Fbf] 5 . b]zdf gful/s slQ klg ;Gt'i6 5}gg\ . gful/sx¿sf] s'g}
klg clwsf/ ;'/lIft 5}gg\ . b]ze/sf hgtfsf] d'xf/ pHofnf] 5}g .
x/]s s'/fdf ljb]zLx?sf] d'v tfSg' k/]sf] 5 . xfdLdf cfk\mgf] sfd cfkm}F
ug]{ afgLsf] ljsf; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . d'n'ssf] cj:yf sf?l0fs ag]sf] 5
.
u_ tnsf rf/ j6f hl6n jfSonfO{ cf7 j6f ;/n jfSodf ljZn]if0f u/L
k'gn]{vg ug{' xf];\ M
lzj gf/fg ;/f;/ dfly pSn] / 6]andf a;L vfgf vfg yfn] . ha
gfgLys'F 3/sf ;b:olt/ x]/]/ af]Ng yflng\ ta pgsf] cg'xf/ ;Ns]sf]
cfuf]sf] uf]n em}F /ftf] eof] . gfgLysF'n] uf]bQ k|;fbsf] ;fy 5f]8\g' k5{
eGg] kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] cfzo /Xof] . g ci6gf/fgsf 5f]/f5f]/L /
>LdtL afFr] g >L ;DklQ afFsL /Xof] .
(= tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M !)
/;fog zf:qsf] ljsf;sf k|f/lDes r/0fx?df ;}4flGts Pjd\ k|of]ufTds
JofVof ug]{ qmddf cg]sf}F /f;folgs k|of]ux¿ ul/P . k|f/Dedf /f;olgs
ljBf cEof; ug]{ dflg;x? cfwf/e"t wft', h:t}– kmnfdnfO{ ;'j0f{ wft'df
kl/jt{g ug]{ k|of;df nfu]sf lyP . To;} u/L dflg;x¿ chDd/L a'6Lsf]
vf]hLdf klg nfu]sf lyP . t/ oL b'j} k|of;x¿ k"0f{tM ;kmn x'g ;s]gg\

Trinity International Secondary School 66

 tfklg To;} v]/ eg] uPgg\ . oL ;fWox?sf] pknlAw u/fpg] sfo{df ;+nUg
dflg;x¿n] To; cjlwdf cFufn]sf ;fwgx¿sf] dfWodaf6 /;fog ljBfnfO{
gofF df]8 lbgdf lgs} ;kmn eP . kmn:j?k gofF kbfy{x¿sf] cfljisf/ x'g
;Sof], oL kbfy{x¿ lyP– dlb/f, vlgh, cDn -t]hfa_, cg]sfF} nj0fx¿ .
/;fog zf:q cfw'lgs ;dfhdf qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{g Nofpgdf lgs} ;xfos
l;4 ePsf] 5 . /f;folgs ljBfsf] cefjdf s[lif, cf}ifwL, hg:jf:Yo, pBf]u
wGbf, oftfoft, o'4 ;fdu|L / vfgL ;DaGwL cg]sf}F j:t'x¿sf] pTkfbg /
ljsf; k|foM c;Dej x'g cfpF5 . dnvfb, sL6 gfzs cf}ifwLx¿, emf/kft
gfz ug]{ /;fogx¿ h:tf s[lif ;DaGwL ;fdu|Lx¿sf] k|of]uaf6 s[lif
pTkfbgdf ce"tk"j{ j[l4 x'Fb} uO /x]sf] 5 eg] ptf ljleGg k|sf/sf
/f]ux¿sf] lgbfgsf nflu z'4 /;fog ljBfdf cfwfl/t ;'/lIft Pjd\
c;/bf/ cf}ifwLx¿ cfljisf/ ePsf 5g\ . hg:jf:Yosf nflu clt dxTjk"0f{
dflgPsf kfgL / vfB kbfy{x¿sf] u'0ffTdstf a[l4 x'gdf ;d]t /;fog
zf:qsf] ct'ngLo of]ubfg /lx cfPsf] 5 . /;fog zf:qs} ljsf;af6
ljleGg pkef]Uo ;fdu|Lx¿ ljnfl;tfsf ;fdfgx¿ / o'4 ;fdu|Lx¿sf]
cfljisf/ ePsf] xf] . cfhsf] o'udf b}lgs k|of]udf NofOg] ljleGg j:t'x¿
/f;folgs k|ljlws} sf/0faf6 dfq ;Dej x'g uPsf 5g\ / ;fFRr} eGg] xf]
eg] cfw'lgs pBf]ux¿sf] ljsf; ;+jw{gdf ;d]t /f;folgs k|ljlw
d]?b08sf ¿kdf ;fljt ePsf] 5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ gofF kbfy{x¿sf] cfljisf/ s] s;/L x'g ;s]sf] xf] <
v_ /;fog ljBfn] s'g s'g j:t'x¿sf] pTkfbg / ljsf; u/]sf] 5 <
u_ /;fog zf:qnfO{ lsg qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{g Nofpg] ljBf / k|ljlw
dflgPsf] xf] <
3_ dflysf] cg'R5]bsf] pko'Qm zLif{s s] x'g ;S5 <
ª_ cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kb tyf kbfjnLx¿sf] ;Gbe{ut cy{ n]Vg'
xf];\ .
!)= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L d'Vo d'Vo kfFr a'Fbf l6kf]6 ug'{ xf];\ M %
;"rgf Tof] xf] h'g aflx/af6 k|fKt x'G5 / 1fg Tof] xf] h'g xfdLleqaf6
cfpF5 . ca ;"rgf PSnf]n] dfq sfd ug{ ;St}g . cfh sn]h / sn]hsf
sIffx¿ 5f]8]/ efu]sf nfvf}F o'jf o'jtLx¿ 5g\ . pgLx¿n] elg /x]sf 5g\ M
…olb o:t} xf] eg] xfdLnfO{ o;sf] vfFrf] 5}g . xfdLnfO{ 1fg rflxof] .

Trinity International Secondary School 67

 xfdLnfO{ s]an ;"rgf rflxPg .Ú To;/L pgLx¿ 1fgsf] vf]hLdf rflxg]
grflxg], yfxf 5}g, slt y/Lsf k|of]u ul/ /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ ;dflw klg
nufO /x]sf 5g\ . Wofg klg ul/ /x]sf 5g\ . s'g} u'?sf] kl5 nflu /x]sf
klg 5g\ . pgLx¿ cg]s ul/ /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿ eG5g\, …xfdL olb oL
;"rgfx¿sf] ;ª\u|x xf}F eg] t of] sfd sDKo'6/n] g} ul/ lbG5, o;sf nflu
dflg;sf] s] vfFrf] < clxn] xfdLnfO{ sDKo'6/sf] k"0f{ af]w 5}g . la; jif{df
k"0f{ af]w x'g] 5 / xfdL eGg] 5f}F– h'g sfd sDKo'6/n] ug{ ;S5 Tof] sfd
dflg;af6 lsg lng] <Ú
!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ cfk\mgf] 3/df kfgLsf] wf/f h8fg ul/ lbg cg'/f]w ub}{ vfg]kfgL
;+:yfgnfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L n]lvg] lgj]bgsf] 9fFrf tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ .
v_ uf]/vf kq ;+:yfgsf nflu P;=Pn=;L= pQL0f{ u/]sf rf/ hgf :yfoL
sfof{no ;xfos cfjZos k/]sf] x'Fbf ;f]sf nflu kbk"lt{ ;ldltn]
k|sflzt ug]{ cfjZostf ;DaGwL lj1fkgsf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ .
!@= cfk\mgf] sn]hdf cfof]lht ;flxlTos uf]i7Lsf af/]df !%) zAb;Ddsf] Pp6f
k|ltj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ . %
cyjf
…a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:ofÚ zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg' xf];\ M
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf #)) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg' xf]; \ M !)
s_ ;fdflhs ;~hfn / jt{dfg ljZj ;d'bfo
v_ j}b]lzs /f]huf/k|ltsf] cfsif{0f M afWotf ls /x/ <
u_ d]/f] b]z, d / xfd|f] eljio
!$= tnsf] pkGof;sf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M !)
cfˆgf] hflt / ;dfhdf ePsf] dbf{kbf{ bfg blIf0f lbg] / eft et]/ Vjfpg]
OToflb s/} nfUg] rfn rngdfly ci6 gf/fg 3[0ff / cfnf]rgf dfq ug]{
xf]Og, cfqmd0f u/L p3f8 g} v'jfO cfO /x]sf lyP . dbf{ glhssf gftf,
;DaGwLx¿ /f]P/ larfM cfpg] k|yfnfO{ pgn] aGb ul/ lbPsf lyP . lzj
gf/fg / pgsf c¿ efOx¿ klg afa'sf] qmflGtsf/L ljrf/af6 k|efljt lyP
. o;}n] pgLx¿n] klg afa'sf] gfddf bfg blIf0f lbg] / ef]h et]/ v'jfpg]
s'g} klg sfd u/]sf lyPgg\ . …afa'k|ltsf] xfd|f] k/d >4f oxL xf]Ú eGg]

Trinity International Secondary School 68

 pgLx¿sf] egfO lyof] .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ dflysf] cg'R5]bsf cfwf/df ci6 gf/fgsf rfl/lqs ljz]iftfsf af/]df n]Vg'
xf];\ .
v_ …Ps lrxfgÚ pkGof;n] ;fdflhs s';+:sf/sf af/]df s:tf] b[li6sf]0f
k|:t't u/]sf] 5 < n]Vg' xf];\ .
!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×%Ö!)_
s_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; \ M
36gfnfO{ la;{g] k|oTg ub}{ s[i0f /fo lgbfpg] lgxF'n] la5\ofpgfdf aª\ª
n8] . zq'tfsf] klg s:tf] Jofks ;DaGw /x]5 < b'lgofFdf sf]xL klg
ldq x'Fb}gg\, ;a} zq' ;a} j}/L g} x'G5g\ . s;n] eG5 csf/0f g} sf]xL
zq' x'Fb}g, t/ emu8fsf] lgx'F slt ;lhn} kfOG5 < s[i0f /fon] w]/};Fu
;ª\ut u/]gg\, t/ hlt;Fu u/] ;a}nfO{ ltgL;Fu …afk j}/ ;fWg] s'g} g
s'g} lgx'F lbP . s:tf] crDd lgbf]{if s'/fdf klg ljiffn' ;fFk h:tf] j}/L
agfpg] ;fwg n'ls /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ s[i0f /fonfO{ ;a} zq' x'G5g\ eGg] lsg nfu]sf] xf] <
cf_ zq' x'gsf nflu s] rflxG5 <
O_ s[i0f /fon] zq'sf ;DaGwdf s:tf] b[li6sf]0f lnPsf 5g\ <
O{_ ælgbf]{if s'/fdf klg ljiffn' ;fFk h:tf] j}/L agfpg] ;fwg n'ls
/x]sf] b]lvG5Æ eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
p_ o; cg'R5]bdf s[i0f /fosf] s:tf] dfgl;stfsf] lrq0f ul/Psf] 5
<
v_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
gf/LnfO{ g/ssf] d"n 9f]sf g7fGg] / hLjgsf] ;a}h;f] If]qdf :qL
k'?ifsf] a/fa/ xs x'g' k5{ eGg] Pjd\ k5f}6] b]zsf cfOdfO{nfO{ 3/
gfpFsf] ‰ofnvfgfleq y'lg /xg glbO{ ;fdflhs If]qdf ;d]t nDsg
xf}:ofpg]x¿ ;flxTo tyf /fhgLlt cflbtkm{ nfu]sf o'jsx¿ g} x'g \ .
o; lsl;dsf] sfdsf lglDt dlxnfx¿sf] ;Dks{df /xg] ug'{ /
pgLx¿dWo] ;s];Dd a9L hgfnfO{ cfˆgf] ldq agfpg' h?/L ;d]t 5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ …gf/LnfO{ g/ssf] d"n 9f]sf g7fGg]Ú eGgfsf] tfTko{ s] xf] <

Trinity International Secondary School 69

 cf_ cfw'lgs o'jfx¿df :qL k'?ifsf ljifodf s:tf] b[li6sf]0f /x]sf] 5 <
O_ dflysf] ;Gbe{af6 g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s:tf] tl:a/ k|:t't ePsf] 5 <
O{_ n]vssf] gf/L ;DaGwL dfGotf s:tf] /x]sf] 5 <
p_ of] lgaGwf+z s'g ;Gbe{df cfPsf] xf] <
u_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
lrofsf] lsTnL h:t} esesL plDn /x]sf] b'vL dg clg
/S;Lsf af]tnx¿l;t l/lQ /x]sf] a}F;fn' of}jgnfO{
ljjztfsf ef]sf yfnL / srf}/fx¿df k:s]/
;GtKt d':sfgx¿n] pbf;L afFl8 /lx5
sfG5L e6\6L yflk /lx5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ …;GtKt d':sfgx¿n] pbf;L afFl8 /lx5Ú eGgfsf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
cf_ sfG5Lsf] dg lsg lrofsf] lsTnL h:t} esesL plDn /x]sf] xf] <
O_ sfG5Lsf dfWodaf6 sljn] s'g ju{sf] lrq0f u/]sf 5g\ <
O{_ sfG5Ln] ef]Ug' k/]sf] ljjztf s] xf] <
p_ of] sljtf+zsf] d"n efj s] xf] <
!^= …gfnfkfgLdfÚ ;ª\uLt gf6s kl9 ;s]kl5 gf6sdf JoSt b]zelSt /
dfgjtf ;DaGwL ljrf/k|lt tkfO{+ ;xdt jf c;xdt s] x'g' x'G5, k|ltlqmof
lbg' xf];\ . %

Trinity International Secondary School 70

 Set F
ljBfyL{x¿n] ;s];Dd cfˆg} zAbdf pQ/ lbg' kg]{ 5 .
!= tnsf s'g} …PsÚ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tn lbOPsf j0f{x¿sf] 3f]ifTj / k|f0fTj 5'6\6\ofpg' xf];\ M
r, t, k, w, x
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf / ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
jg, /demd, cleefjs, lqnf]s, sfo{qmd
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M %
ls;fgx? ;j} s'/f ;xg ;S5g k/Gt" a:t'nfO{ csf{n] bof 5f]8]/ s'6]sf]
;xg ;Sb}gg\ lap af6 wkfO~h]n t u'dfg] s]lx af]n]sf] lyPg k/Gt' ha
s'6\g nfUof] clg u'dfg]sf] l/;sf] l;df /x]g .
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfÍg ul/Psf zAbsf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf]; \ M #
cnu'jfn] klg ;f]gjfnfO{ cfˆg} 3/df ca /flv g} /xg] s'/fsf] klg 6'ª\uf]
nfUof], t/ o;kfln klg uf]l6xjf ufpFdf o;sf] 6'ª\uf] nfUg ;s]g ls b'O{
ljleGg dof{bfsf klt:kw{L{x¿df s;sf] lht eof] / s;sf] xf/ eof] .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M @
ljZjs} ;jf]{Rr e"lddf pAh]sf] h'DnL wfgn] :yfg ljz]if cg';f/ kfpg' kg]{
plrt d"No kfpFb}g . Totflt/ lsg cg'bfgsf] cfFvf jf cg';Gwfgsf] Wofg
hfFb}g 6'l/:6n] Kofg s]s eg]/ vfO lbgfn] /]:6'/fF / nhdf kmfk/ /
sf]bfsf /f]6L nf]slk|o x'G5g\, t/ cfkm}Fn] 3/df ksfP/ sf]bfsf] /f]6L jf
l9F8f] vfPdf c?sf] rkL{df hfg nfh x'G5 .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×# Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 # j6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / # j6f k|Too
Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
cfˆgf] k'Vof}{nL ynf] hfg] ;f]rfO lnP/ xfdL To;tkm{ k|:yfg u¥of}F .
;'b"/ k"j{sf] ufpF, To;df klg hg dfg;sf] kftnf] pkl:yltn] To;
7fpFnfO{ lgh{g, ;'g;fg tyf ;'zfGt agfPsf] cg'ej x'GYof] . ufpFn]

Trinity International Secondary School 71

 kl/j]z, cfTdLo Jojxf/, /d0fLo k|fs[lts ;+/rgf ;a}n] To; 7fpFnfO{
sNkgfsf] k|b]z agfPsf lyP . o:tf] cToGt dgf]x/ If]q :ju{sf]
k|ltlnlk em}F nfUYof] . xfdL w]/} jif{kl5 ToxfF k'u]sfn] ToxfFsf gjLg
j:t'x¿nfO{ Sofd/fdf s}b ug'{ cfkm\gf] st{Jo ;lDemof}F .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 # ;d:t zAb / # låTj zAb vf]hL ;d:t
zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg'
xf];\ M
/fhgLlts em}emu8fsf sf/0f /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] cleofg ef]lnkl;{ eGb}
sNkgftLt x'g k'u]sf] 5 . cfcfkm\gf] j}olQms c8fgnfO{ k|fyldstf
lbPs} sf/0f b]z clxn] k|ult kydf nlDsg g;s]sf] xf] . 7'nf7'nf
cfbz{jfbL s'/f ug{ l;kfn' xfdL g]kfnLx¿n] g]kfn cfdfsf] cfFvfsf]
cfF;' k'5\g ;s]sf 5}gf}F . To; sf/0f xfd|f] k|lta4tf cfkm}F lj?4sf]
Joª\Uo jf0fL ;flat ePsf] 5 . of] ;a} egfO / u/fO aLrsf]
lj/f]wfef;sf sf/0f ePsf] xf] . t]/f]d]/f] eGb} tfgftfg ug]{ k|j[lQ
df}nfPs} sf/0f /fli6«o efjgf sdhf]/ ePsf] xf] . o;nfO{ cfh}af6
Tofu]/ bzd'v gu/L ;xsfo{sf] dfu{ cjnDag u/]df ;a}sf] lxt
x'G5 .
u_ tnsf] cg'R]baf6 ^ j6f ;lGwo'Qm Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf]
;lGw ljR5]b ug'{ xf];\ M
cfw'lgs o'usf ljBfyL{x¿sf] k|d'v ceLi6 eg]s} cfhsf]
k|lt:kwf{Tds ;dodf o'ufg's"n lzIff cfh{g ug'{ xf] . h;f]t;f] u/]/
Go"g cª\s NofP/ eP klg pQL0f{ x'g' eg]sf] z}lIfs a]/f]huf/L aGg'
dfq xf] . cª\ssf] v]ndf nfu]/ jt{dfg lzIff k|0ffnL a9L ;}4flGts
aGb} uPsf] cj:yfdf j}1flgs 9ª\usf] lzIf0f tyf d"Nofª\sg kl/kf6L
cToGt cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M %
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ k'lnª\u eP :qL lnª\u / :qL lnª\u eP k'lnª\udf
kl/jt{g u/L jfSo 9fFrf ;d]t ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
Tof] s]6f] ufos xf] . To;sf] efO klg uLt ufpF5 . p;sL alxgL klg
uLt ufpF5] . efOn] uLt ufP/ ;a}nfO{ dVv kf5{ . cl:t p;n]
pTs[i6 ufossf] k'/:sf/ klg kfof] .

Trinity International Secondary School 72

 v_ tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox?sf] jfSo 9fFrf ;lxt jrg kl/jt{g
ug'{ xf];\ M
af7f] s]6f] l;g]df x]g{ uof] . ToxfF p;n] ;fyLnfO{ e]6\of] . c;n
;fyLx¿n] l;g]df x]/]/ ;do a/afb agfpg' x'Fb}g eg] . s]6f]
eml:sof] . s]6f]n] k/LIffsf nflu /fd|f] tof/L ug]{ lg0f{o lnof] .
&= s'g} …PsÚ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M ^
s_ b]lv, nfO{, df, af6, n], åf/f ljelQm nfu]sf leGg leGg sf/ssf]
k|of]u ePsf ^ j6f jfSodf cfˆgL alxgLsf] j0f{g ug'{ xf];\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
ljBfyL{x¿ k9\b} lyof] . u'?n] pgLx¿nfO{ af]nfP . cg'kdf bf}8]/ uof] .
Ps}l5gdf ;a} e]nf eof] . xfdLn] jgef]h hfg] ;Nnfx u¥of} . af6fdf
;fyLx¿ klg e]l6of] .
*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -$×@Ö*_
s_ tnsf cf7 j6f ;/n jfSox?nfO{ rf/ j6f hl6n jfSo agfpg'
xf];\ M
xfdL g]kfnL xf}F . xfdLn] b]znfO{ dfof ug'{k5{ . b]z /xG5 . xfdL
/xG5f}F . xfd|f] Oltxf; :jl0f{d cIf/n] n]lvPsf] 5 . xfdLn] Oltxf;
e'Ng' x'Fb}g . xfdLn] xfd|f k'vf{sf] alnbfgnfO{ e'Ng' x'Fb}g . xfdL
pgLx¿s} ;Gtlt xf}F .
v_ cfjZos s'/f yk36 u/]/ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ jfRo
kl/jt{g u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
k/LIff ;s]/ ufpF uOG5 . ufpFdf ev{/ Pp6f :s'n vf]lnPsf] 5 .
dåf/f ufpFdf Pp6f k':tsfno klg vf]lnG5 . cfk"m Ps 306fsf] af6f]
lxF8]/ :s'n uOGYof] . ToxfF t clxn] SofDk; vf]lnPsf] 5 .
5fq5fqfåf/f ToxfF kl9G5 . ToxfF /fd|/L k9fOG5 . h]x]gbf/ ljBfyL{sf
nflu 5fqj[lQ klg lbOG5 .
u_ tnsf jfSox¿sf] syg kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
ljdnsf] cfhsf] lbg /dfOnf] lat]5 . p;n] dnfO{ ;f]Wof], æltd|f] lbg
s;/L laTof] <Æ d}n] klg cfhsf] lbg /dfOnf] lat]sf] atfPF . p;n]
a]n'sf ;Fu} vfgf vfpFm x} eg]/ eGof] .

Trinity International Secondary School 73

(= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M !)
nf]stGqdf ;"rgfsf dfWodx¿sf] Joj:yfkg s;n] / s;/L ug{] eGg]
ljifodf vf; ;}4flGts ljjfb 5}g t/ Jofjxfl/s k|of]udf ljleGgtf
kfOPsf 5g\ . nf]stflGqs b]zx¿df klg k|;f/0f dfWodx¿sf] Joj:yfkg
;/sf/sf tkm{af6 x'g] kl/kf6L cem} klg gePsf] xf]Og t/ 5fkf dfWod
eg] k|foM ;/sf/åf/f ;~rflnt x'g] ub{}gg\ . g]kfndf clx]n] klg 5fkf
dfWod ;/sf/n] rnfO /x]sf] 5 . nf]stGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf k"j{ ;"rgf
k|jfxsf] kl/kf6L lgoGq0ffTds / lgb]{zgd'vL lyof] . ck]Iffs[t :jtGq
¿kdf ;"rgf lbg vf]Hg] lghL If]qsf dfWodx¿ ;d]t ;/sf/sf tkm{af6
af/Daf/ k|tfl8t / k|ltalGwt x'g] cj:yf lyof] . nf]stGqsf] :yfkgfn] o;
kl/kf6Ldf Jofks / cfwf/e"t kl/jt{g Nofof] . kl/0ffd :j¿k lghL If]qsf
;~rf/ dfWodx¿dflysf] lgolGqt kl/kf6L ;dfKt eof] . t/ ;/sf/L
;+:yfaf6 ;"rgfsf] k|jfx ug{] kl/kf6Ldf ck]Iff u/] cg';f/sf] u'0ffTds
kl/jt{g cfpg ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . h] hlt kl/jt{g b]lvG5 Tof] Jojl:yt /
j}1flgs ;'wf/sf sf/0f geP/ Jofks /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf sf/0f x'g
k'u]sf] :jfefljs kl/0ffd h:t} dfq} cg'ej x'G5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ nf]stGqdf ;~rf/ dfWodsf] Joj:yfkg s;/L ug'{ pko'St x'G5 <
cf_ nf]stGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf x'g'eGbf klxn] ;"rgf k|jfxsf] kl/kf6L s:tf]
lyof] <
O_ g]kfndf ;/sf/L :t/af6 s] s:tf ;~rf/ dfWodx¿ ;~rflnt 5g\ <
O{_ …k|;f/0f dfWodÚ / …5fkf dfWodÚ sf] cy{ s] xf] <
p_ dflysf] cg'R5]bnfO{ ;'xfpFbf] zLif{s s] x'g ;Sb5 <
!)= tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ Ps t[tLof+zdf ;ª\If]kLs/0f ug'{ xf];\ M %
s'g} klg cfGbf]ngnfO{ dfu{ bz{g ug{ lglZrt ljrf/, l;4fGt /
k|lta4tfsf] cfjZostf k5{ . clxn] dlxnf clwsf/ / ;dfgtfsf nflu
lx+;f / czflGt xf]Og, ;Demf}tfsf] cfGbf]ngaf6 ;dfwfg vf]Hg' k5{ .
dlxnfdfly gsf/fTds ¿kdf kfl/Psf] ;fdflhs k|efjnfO{ kl/jt{g u/fpg'
k5{ . k|To]s dlxnfx¿n] cfk"mdfly k/]sf] cGofo, cTofrf/ / zf]if0faf6
cfkm\gf] xs, clwsf/ / st{Jok|lt ;r]t u/fpg] cleofgdf lg/Gt/ j}rfl/s
/ Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf nflu /xg' g} …gf/LjfbÚ xf] . of] cleofgdf dlxnf

Trinity International Secondary School 74

 dfq xf]Og, k'?ifx¿ klg ;fd]n eP/ ;xof]u ug{ cfjZos 5 . dlxnfx¿
cfkm}F pTkL8gsf] l;sf/ ePsf x'G5g\, cTofrf/ / zf]if0fsf] e'Stdfg /x]sf
x'G5g\ eg] k'?ifx¿n] dlxnfdfly k/]sf] Tof] zf]if0f cg'e"t u/]sf x'G5g\ .
t/ Tof] zf]if0f / e'Stdfgsf sf/s k'?ifx¿ xf]Ogg\ . To;sf] sf/s eg]sf]
xfd|f] ;fdflhs ;+/rgf xf], h;sf] cfwf/df d"No / dfGotfx¿ lgwf{l/t
ePsf 5g\ . ;dfhn] dlxnf / k'?ifnfO{ n}ª\lus lje]bsf gfddf lhDd]jf/L
/ bfloTj klg km/s km/s agfO lbPsf] 5, h;n] dlxnfx¿dfly ;w}F unt
k|efj kfl/ /x]sf] 5 . t/ gf/LjfbL cfGbf]ng eg]/ cfh k"jL{o / kfZrfTo
hut\df k|z:t egfOx¿ ;'Gg] ul/G5 / gf/LjfbnfO{ leGg leGg ¿kdf a'‰b}
/ a'emfpFb} cfPsf] klg kfOG5 .
!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M %
s_ cfkm" a;f]]af; ub}{ cfPsf] 7fpFdf kmf]xf]/ d}nfsf] plrt Joj:yfkg x'g
g;s]sf] tkm{ ;DalGwt kIfsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} s'g} /fli6«o b}lgssf
;DkfbsnfO{ Pp6f lr7L n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ emf8f kvfnf /f]uaf6 aRgsf nflu ckgfpg' kg]{ ;fjwfgL ;DaGwL
ljifonfO{ ;d]6L :jf:Yo dGqfnon] tof/ kfg]{ Pp6f ;"rgfsf] gd'gf
tof/ kfg'{' xf];\ .
!@= cfˆgf] pRr df=lj=sf tkm{af6 ul/Psf] z}lIfs e|d0fsf af/]df !%)
zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ M %
cyjf
…a9\bf] ;x/Ls/0f / o;sf c;/Ú zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'
xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf lgaGw n]Vg' xf]; \ M !)
s_ pGgltsf nflu zflGt
v_ b]zk|lt d]/f] st{Jo
u_ ;fdflhs pTyfgdf dlxnfsf] e"ldsf

Trinity International Secondary School 75

!$= tnsf] gf6\of+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%±%Ö!)_
5f]/f, g/f], cem w}o{ u/\, c¿nfO{ sfFt/ :j/ g;'gf,
hGde"ldsf] nfh arf, hfltnfO{ l5M gegf Û
dg}{ kb{5 Ps lbg lgZro b'O{ lbgs} xf] b]x eg]
To;sf] ddtf 5f]l8 b] cd/ ozn] b]z agf Û
b'vnfO{ gdfg\, ckdfg u/L cfF;'nfO{ lkmtf{ ul/ b],
t]/f] ;xgzLntf b]vL an cem a9\nf efOdf nfv u'gf Û
d]/f] sfvdf hlt hlt t}Fn] tk tk /ut r'xfO;\ of],
plt plt dft[C0f lt/]F egL k'q a? ;Gtf]if dgf Û
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ …gfnfkfgLdfÚ gf6sdf w/tLn] g]kfnL jL/x¿nfO{ s] s:tf] cfXjfg u/]sf]
5<
v_ dflysf] gf6\of+zsf cfwf/df …gfnfkfgLdfÚ gf6sdf cleJoQm
b]zelQmsf] j0f{g ug'{ xf];\ .
!%= s'g} …b'O{Ú k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×%Ö!)_
s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ Ps b'O{ jfSodf n]Vg' xf]; \
M
e6\6Ldf eft kfls /x]5
eft ;Fu;Fu} sfG5Lsf] nfh kfls /x]5
e6\6Ldf df;' kfls /x]5
df;';Fu;Fu} sfG5Lsf] cfF;' klg kfls /x]5
e6\6Ldf /S;L lals /x]5
/S;L ;Fu;Fu} sfG5Lsf] …>LÚ lals /x]5
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ eft;Fu;Fu} sfG5Lsf] nfh kfls /x]5 eGgfsf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
v_ df;';Fu;Fu} cfF;' s;/L kfls /x]5 <
u_ sfG5Lsf] …>LÚ s;/L lasL /x]5<
3_ o; sljtf+zn] sfG5Lsf cj:yfsf] s:tf] lrq0f u/]sf] 5 <
ª_ …>LÚ sf] cy{ s] xf]<
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf]; \ M
p;n] ljrf/ u¥of]— …o:t} b}j nfU5 / kf] 5/l5d]sL vf]Hg' k/]sf], gq
cf]8f/df uP/ a;] klg t ef] lgÙ hxfF klg a:g] g xf] . lbg, bzf,

Trinity International Secondary School 76

 cfkt\ ljkt\ s;nfO{ kb}{g < ansf] t'h's lyof], dnfO{ ;w}F olQs}
k'U5 eg]/ 3d08 uYof]{, k/d]Zj/n] 3d08 tf]]8] . a}u'gLnfO{ u'gn] dfg'{
eG5g\, Pp6} ufpFdf a9]/ of] pd]/ ef], bf}t/L xf], o:tf] cfkt\df klg
b]v]sf] gb]Vo} u/] kfk nfUb}g <
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ o; k|;ª\ueGbf cufl8 ufpFdf s]s:tf] ;d:of cfO k/]sf] lyof]
<
cf_ u'dfg]sf] lrQ lsg km]l/of] <
O_ wglht]nfO{ s] s'/fdf 3d08 lyof] <
O{_ …a}u'gLnfO{ u'gn] dfg'{Ú eGgfsf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
p_ 5/l5d]ssf] cfjZostf lsg k5{ <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
Ps s]hL df;' pTkfbg ug{ !) s]hL zfsfxf/L ef]hg vkt x'G5 .
cyf{t\, Ps wgL df+;fxf/Ln] !) ul/a zfsfxf/Lsf] vfgf x;'5{ . wgL
/ ;DkGg ju{s} OGwg, pmhf{ / cfxf/df ul/ax¿n] lklN;g' kg]{ /
ef]sd/L a]xf]g'{ kg]{ l:ylt v8f ePsf] 5 . o;sf] bf]if …Unf]an jfld{ªÚ
df yf]kg]{ k|j[lQ klg 5 . h] xf];\ ef]lnsf] ;ª\3if{ ef]sdf cfwfl/t x'g]
s'/fnfO{ olts} gsfg{ ldNb}g . Sofd?g, ;]g]un, df}l/6flgof, xfO6L /
OG8f]g]l;ofdf ef]saf6 qmflGtn] hGd lng yfn]sf] tYo ;dff/df ;'lg
;s]sf 5f}F .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ df+;fxf/sf sf/0faf6 kg]{ vfB c;/ s] xf] <
cf_ ul/ax¿ s] sf/0fn] ef]sd/L a]xf]g'{kg]{ cj:yfdf k'U5g\ <
O_ ef]lnsf] ;ª\3if{ ef]sdf cfwfl/t x'G5 eGg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
O{_ o; cg'R5]bsf] d'Vo cfzo s] xf] <
p_ e"d08nLo pi0ftf -Unf]an jfld{ª_ eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <
!^= …xf/lhtÚ syfdf 3'/x' dxtf] / dgf]x/dWo] s;sf] lht / s;sf] xf/ ePsf]
5 / lsg < ;dLIffTds pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ . %

Trinity International Secondary School 77

 HSEB – 2072 (2015)

ljBfyL{x?n] ;s];Dd cfkm\g} zAbdf pQ/ lbg'kg]{5 . bfoF lsgf/fdf lbOPsf]

cª\sn] k"0ff{ª\s hgfpFb5 .

;a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M

!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ pRrf/0f :yfg / k|oTgsf cfwf/df tnsf j0f{x¿nfO{ lrgfpg' xf];\M
3\, 5\, a\, o\, x\ .
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf n]vL cIf/ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
sfd, zf]if0f, 6]lnlehg, k~r/Tg, pklgj]zjfb .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M -%_
b'lgofdf sf]xL klg ldq x'Fb}gg ;a} zq' ;a} a}/L g} x'G5g\ . s;n] eG5 csf/g g}
sf]lx zq' x'Fb}g dfg], sf/0f sf]xL ;sOsf] zq' x"Fb}g t/ ´u8f sf] lgx'F slt ;lhn}
kfOG5 .
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M -#_
xftv'6\6f alnof] ePkl5 sfd eg]sf] ;w}F kfOG5 af Û t/ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf lglDt afa'
;w}F kfO{ /lxGg afsf] ;]jf ug{ kfPkl5 To:tf sfd nfv cfpF5g\ .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M -#_
c;f/df /f]k]/ dª\l;/ dlxgfdf cGgsf ¿kdf wfg 3/df leœofpFbf s[ifsx¿ xif{n]
ub\ub\ ePsf b]lvG5g\ .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × # Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg j6f pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAb / ltg j6f k|Too Jo'TkGg
zAb klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
;+ljwfg ;efsf] d'Vo bfloTj nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/L d'n'snfO{
;ª\qmd0faf6 d'Qm u/fpg' g} xf] . lgjf{rgdf hgtfn] ljZjf; u/]sf /fhgLlts
bnx¿n] hgdtsf] pk]Iff gu/L ;dod} sfd ;DkGg u/]/ cfly{s qmflGtåf/f
g]kfnL hgtfsf] dg lhTg' h¿/L 5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj zAb vf]hL ;d:t zAbnfO{
lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg' xf];\ M
ufpF7fpFdf a;]kl5 st{Jolgi7 eO{ ;do ;dodf ;dfhsf c;xfox¿sf]
xslxtdf nfUg] ;f]rfO /fv]/ ;a}sf ;'vb'Mvdf ;l/s x'g] s[i0f /fo ;fj{hlgs
;ef ;df/f]xdf ´Nofs´'n's dfq b]vf ky]{ . ufpFb]lv 6f9f6f9f;Dd Voflt

Trinity International Secondary School 78

 sdfPsf o:tf dxfk'?ifnfO{ 3/ aflx/ e]6\bf rf}tf/f]df pleP/ ufpFn]x¿n]
cba;Fu :jfut uy]{ lsgeg] s[i0f /fodf ufpFn]x¿ b]jtfs} ´´Nsf] kfpFy] .
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 5 j6f ;lGwo'St Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf] ;lGw
ljR5]b ug'{ xf];\ M
dgdf]xs /d0fLo lxdfn, kxf8, gbLgfnf, jGohGt' cflbn] ubf{ g]kfn ljb]zL
ko{6sx¿sf nflu cfsif{s uGtJo aGg k'u]sf] 5 . vf; u/L ;"o{sf] ´ndn
ls/0f kg]{ lalQs} hudu x'g] g]kfnsf u/uxgfsf ¿kdf /x]sf lxdR5flbt
lzv/x¿ 6nSs b]Vbf ko{6sx¿ ;Gb]z kms{g g} e'N5g\ xf]nf eGbf vf;}
cTo'lQm x'Fb}g .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ cfjZos ;'wf/ ;lxt k'lnª\u eP :qLlnª\u /
:qLlnª\u eP k'lnª\udf kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
pm ljb]zdf a:b} cfPsf] 5 . p;n] ToxfF /fd|f] cfDbfgL x'g] sfd km]nf kf/]sf]
5 . p;sL alxgL klg ljb]zd} a:5] . pm ToxfF ljBfjfl/lw ub}{ 5] . p;n] k9fO
;s]/ :jb]z kms{g] ;f]rf agfPsL 5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ cfjZos ;'wf/ ;lxt OR5fy{df kl/jt{g ug'{
xf];\ M
g]kfnsf] rfF8} pGglt x'G5 . o'jfx¿n] :jb]zd} sfd kfpF5g\ . hnljB't\sf]
ljsf;df b]zn] 7"nf] km8\sf] df5{ . g]kfnLx¿nfO{ nf]8;]l8ªsf] ;d:ofn]
lk/f]Nb}g . g]kfnLx¿ ;'vL hLjg latfpF5g\ .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] sf/s klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
lzj/flqsf lbg kz'kltdf w]/} dflg;x¿ lzjsf] bz{g ug{ cfPsf lyP .
k"hfnfO{ NofPsf] km"n xftdf lnP/ plePsf dflg;x¿sf] kª\lQm uf}zfnfb]lv
dlGb/;Dd b]lvGYof] . ToxfF sf]xL dflg; df]afOnaf6 s'/fsfgL ul/ /x]sf
b]lvGy] eg] sf]xL rfFlx eQmhgnfO{ 7Ug] bfpdf klg lyP . ToxfF k|x/Lx¿n]
uFh8Lx¿nfO{ 8G8fn] lxsf{pFb} n]v]6]sf] b[io klg b]lvGYof] . sfxL ;ª\3;+:yfn]
>4fn'x¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns lkpg] kfgLsf] Joj:yf klg ldnfPsf lyP .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
d]/f] efph" a}ª\sdf sfd ug{'x'G5 . pgn] Joj:yfkgdf :gftsf]Q/ u/]sL 5g\ .
pxfFsf b'O{ hgf ;fyL klg a}ª\sd} sfd u5{ . 7'nf] lbbLn] efph"sf tL b'O{ hgf
;fyLnO{ /fd|/L lrG5' . lbge/ sfof{nosf] sfddf Jo:t x'g] ePsfn] efph"nfO{
3/sf ;a}n] ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . ;a}sf] dfof / ;xof]u kfPsf]df efph" dSv
5.

Trinity International Secondary School 79

*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M -@×$ Ö *_
s_ tnsf ;/n jfSox¿af6 rf/ j6f hl6n jfSo agfpg' xf];\ M
k"l0f{dfn] nf]s;]jf kf; u/L . p;n] ;/sf/L gf]s/L kfO{ . p;sf] k9fO /fd|f]
lyof] . pm ;kmn x'Fb} uO{ . p;sf] cfDbfgL /fd|f] 5 . p;sf] kl/jf/ /fd|/L
rn]sf] 5 . pm lbg/ft sfd u5]{ . pm slxNo} yfs]F elGbg .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ s/0f eP cs/0f / cs/0f eP s/0fdf
kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
k]Dafsf] hLjg ;'vL 5 . p;n] b'Mvsi6 ´]n]sf] 5}g . p;sf] afNosfn klg
;'vb lyof] . p;n] b'Mvsf] cg'ej u/]g . p;n] c?nfO{ ;xof]u ug{ ;s]sf] 5 .
p;n] c?af6 ;xof]u lng' k/]sf] 5}g . clxn] ;Dd p;sf] hLjg ;'vdf lat]sf]
5 . p;n] cfkm\gf] eljiosf] lrGtf lng' k/]sf] 5}g .
u_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ xf];\M
t/fO{df k|z:t dfqfdf cGgafnL pAhG5 . t/fO{sf] df6f] Hofb} pj{/ 5 .
t/fO{df l;rfFOsf] plrt Joj:tf 5 . t/fO{ g]kfnsf] cGg e08f/ xf] .
(= tnsf] cg'R5]bx¿ k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -!)_
kfgLdf kmf]xf]/ sl;ª\u/ ldl;of] eg] k|b'lift x'G5 / xfd|f nflu pkof]u ug{ pko'Qm
x'Fb}g . kfgL k|b"lift x'g'df w]/} sf/0fx¿ x'g ;S5g\ .
x'g t ;aeGbf z'4 kfgL jiff{sf] dfGg ;lsG5 . h'g a]nf afbn lrl;P/ kfgL aG5
To; a]nf kfgL z'4 x'G5 t/ ha kfgL cfsfzaf6 v:g yfN5 ta xfjfdf /x]sf
w'nfsf s0fx¿ / UofF;x¿;Fu ;Dks{df cfP/ kfgL b"lift x'g yfN5 . vf; u/]/
pBf]ux¿af6 w'jfF w]/} kmflng] 7fpFdf kfgL w'jfFsf s0fx¿;Fu ldl;P/ t]hfa aG5
/ cDnLo jiff{ x'G5 . cDnLo jiff{sf] kfgL lgd{n b]lvG5 t/ o;df df5f nufot
cGo hLjx¿ eg] afFRg ;Sb}gg\ .
cJojl:yt 9ª\uåf/f 9n kmfNgfn] klg kfgL k|b"lift x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] pbfx/0fsf
¿kdf sf7df08f}F j/k/ aUg] 6's'rf, lji0f'dtL / afudtL vf]nfx¿df au]sf] kfgL
g} b]Vg ;lsG5 . 9n lgsf;n] ubf{ k|b"lift ePsf] kfgLdf /f]usf ls6f0f'x¿ Jofks
¿kdf km:6fpg] ub{5g\ . ;fy} To:tf] kfgLdf ´f/x¿ pld|P klg kfgLdf /xg]
df5f / cGo hLjx¿ gi6 x'G5g\ .
v]taf/Laf6 aUg] /f;folgs dn, sn sf/vfgfaf6 aUg] /f;folgs ´f]n Pjd\
;8s / a; la;f}gLx¿af6 aUg] /f;folgs kbfy{x¿ ldl;Psf] enn] klg kfgL
k|b"lift x'G5 . /f;folgs kbfy{x¿ ldl;Psf] kfgL :jf:Yosf] nflu xflgsf/s x'G5 .
sn sf/vfgfaf6 /f;folgs ´f]nx¿ pkrf/ u/]/ kmfNg' kbf{ vr{ nfUg ;S5 t/
´f]nx¿sf sf/0fn] kfgL b"lift x'Fbf To;af6 x'g] ;ª\s6 cflv/df dflg; cfkm}Fn]
ef]Ug' kg]{ x'G5 .

Trinity International Secondary School 80

 sltko ldnx¿df oGqx¿nfO{ lr;f] kfg{ kfgLsf] k|of]u ul/G5 . To;af6 lgsf;df
kfO{g] kfgL aflx/sf] k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 cfPsf] kfgLeGbf cln tftf] x'G5 . To;}n]
;fdfGo tftf] kfgL vfg / To:tf] kfgLdf a:g g;Sg] hLjf0f' Pjd\ df5fx¿ dg{
;S5g\ .
kfgL;Fu ;DalGwt c? klg ;d:ofx¿ x'g ;S5g\ . tLdWo] vfg]kfgLsf] cefj
Pp6f xf] . kfgLsf] kl/df0f sd x'g', ePsf] kfgL b"lift x'g' / v]/ hfg' jf:tjdf
;d:of g} xf] .
To:f} u/L csf]{ ;d:of xf] – af9L . gbLdf kfgLsf] axfa w]/} x'g uO{ j/k/sf]
3/v]t;Dd kfgL aUg ;S5 . o;sf] vf; sf/0f xf] – jiff{sf] kfgL hldgleq
/;fP/ hfg'eGbf ensf ¿kdf aUg' . To:tf] x'g'sf] sf/0f hldgdf xl/ofnL sd
eO{ df6f] ;'Svf / s8f x'g' xf] .
k|Zgx¿M
s_ cDnLo jiff{ s;/L x'G5 <
v_ /;fog ldl;Psf] ´f]nn] dflg; s;/L ;ª\s6df k5{g\ <
u_ hldg ;'Svf x'g'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
3_ kfgL;Fu ;DalGwt ;d:ofx¿ s] s] x'g\ <
ª_ …cDnLoÚ / …ls6f0f'Ú zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .

!)= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L d'Vo d'Vo kfFr a'Fbf l6kf]6 ug'{ xf];\ M -%_
s'g} klg cfGbf]ngnfO{ dfu{ bz{g ug]{ lglZrt ljrf/, l;4fGt / k|lta4tfsf]
cfjZostf k5{ . clxn] dlxnf clwsf/ / ;dfgtfsf nflu lx+;f / czflGt xf]Og,
;D´f}tfsf] cfGbf]ngaf6 ;dfwfg vf]Hg' k5{ . dlxnfdfly gs/fTds ¿kdf
kfl/Psf] ;fdflhs k|efjnfO{ kl/jt{g u/fpg' kb{5 . k|To]s dlxnfn] cfkm"dfly
k/]sf] cGofo, cTofrf/ / zf]if0faf6 cfkm\gf] xs, clwsf/ / st{Jok|lt ;r]t x'g]
cleofgdf lg/Gt/, j}rfl/s / Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf nflu /xg' g} …gf/LjfbÚ xf] . of]
cleofgdf dlxnf dfq xf]Og, k'?kx¿ klg ;fd]n eP/ ;xof] ug'{ cfjZos 5 .
dlxnfx¿ cfkm}F pTkL8gsf] l;sf/ ePsf x'G5g\ . pgLx¿n] cTofrf/ / zf]if0fsf]
e'Stdfg ;x]sf x'G5g\ eg] k'?ifx¿n] dlxnfdfly k/]sf] Tof] zf]if0f cg'e"t u/]sf
x'G5g\ t/ Tof] zf]if0f / e'Stdfgsf sf/s k'?ifx¿ xf]Ogg\ . To;sf] sf/s eg]sf]
xfd|f] ;fdflhs ;+/rgf xf] h;sf cfwf/df d"No / pgLx¿sf lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj
klg km/s km/s agfO lbPsf] 5, h;n] dlxnfx¿dfly ;w}F unt k|efj kfl/ /x]sf]
5 t/ gf/LjfbL cfGbf]ng eg]/ cfh k"jL{o / kfZrfTo hut\df k|z:t egfOx¿
;'Gg] ul/G5 / gf/LafbnfO{ leGg leGg ¿kdf a'´\b} / a'´fpFb} cfPsf] klg
kfOG5 .

Trinity International Secondary School 81

!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ cfkm\gf] 3/df lah'nLsf] nfOg h8fg ul/ lbg cg'/f]w ub}{ :yfgLo ljB't \
k|flws/0f sfof{nonfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L Pp6f lgj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ df?tL oftfot k|f=ln= n] xfn} ;~rfngdf NofPsf gofF /fqL l8NS; a;x¿sf]
k|rf/sf nflu k|sflzt ug]{ lj1fkg n]Vg' xf];\ M
!@= cfkm" ;xefuL ePsf] s'g} Pp6f sfo{qmdsf ;a} s'/f ;d]6L !%) zAb;Ddsf]
k|ltj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ . -%_
cyjf
…af]S;Lsf] cf/f]kdf dlxnfdfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/Ú zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL
n]Vg' xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAbdf g36fO{ lgaGw n]Vg' xf];\ M -!)_
s_ /fi6« lgdf{0fdf ;~rf/ dfWodsf] e"ldsf
v_ g]kfnsf k|fs[lts ;Dkbfx¿
u_ dnfO{ dg kg]{ k':ts
!$= …Ps lrxfgÚ pkGof;sf] tn lbOPsf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf]; \M
-@×%Ö!)_
ædnfO{ klg yfxf 5 o'usf] ult, :jtGqtfsf] dxŒj / dfgj OR5fsf] s'/f . t/ d
:jtGqtfsf] gfpFdf h;n] hf];Fu h:tf] klg k|]d u/]/ lxF8]sf] x]g{ rfxGgF . k|]dsf]
klg dxŒj x'G5, p;sf lglDt klg km'Ssf / aGwgsf] n]vfhf]vf x'G5, dfkb08
x'G5, ;Ldf/]vf x'G5, ljwfg x'G5, ;'kfq / s'kfq x'G5 . oL ;a s'/fnfO{, af6f] nfO{,
ta/nfO{ gf3]/ dflg; lxF8\g ;St}g, kfpFb}g . To;}n] hLjgdf cleefjsx? x'g'
a];} 5, of] ;f}efUosf] s'/f xf] / cleefjsx¿n] o; s'/fsf] Vofn ljrf/ /fd|/L
k'¥ofpg' k5{Æ . lzjgf/fgn] a8f] uDeL/ eP/ eg] .
æbfO{n] l7s eGg' eof], d klg bfO{sf] of] ljrf/sf] :jfut / ;dy{g ub{5' .Æ
k'ggf/fgn] xif{ k|s6 ub}{ eg] . lzjgf/fgn] km]l/ xif{gf/fgnfO{ tfs]/ eg] – æclxn]
ltdLn] s;}sL :jf:gL gag]sL, k|]ldsf gag]sL / a'9L tyf aRrL eP/ a]hf]8f
gePsL hf] sf]xL :jf:gL dfG5]l;t k|]d ug{ ;St5' Ù t/ To;f] geO{sg ltdLn]
s;}sL :jf:gL, cfdf, k|]ldsfnfO{ kmsfP/ jf p8fP/ Nofof} eg] To;nfO{ d k|]d jf
:jtGqtf slxNo} elGbgF . Tof] ;/f;/ abdf;L xf], rf]/L xf], 8s}tL xf] . Æ
k|Zgx¿M
s_ dflysf] cg'R5]bsf cfwf/df lzjgf/fgdf k|]d ;DaGwL s] s:tf] b[li6sf]0f /x]sf]
kfOG5 . n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ dflysf cg'R5]bdf dfG5]sf] s] s:tf] :jtGqtfsf] ;dy{g / s] s:tf]
:jtGqtfsf] lj/f]w ul/Psf] 5 < k|i6 kfg'{ xf];\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 82

!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×%Ö!)_
s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg' xf]; \ M
ztfAbL ztfAbLcl3
´u8fn', O{iof{n' jg dfg'if ltdLnfO{
dfof / ;xcl:tTjsf] cFufnf]df afFwL
cfkm\gf] cf]8f/sf] 5fg'd'lg leœofPsL lyPF
h;/L cfh ltdL
bfOhf]sf] nfjfn:s/;Fu 3'D6f]leq n'sfO{
kz'nfO{ h:t} ?jfpFb} leœofpg] u¥5f}
To;}n] ltdL olt ljd'v gxf]pm .
k|Zgx¿M
c_ ztfAbL cl3 k'?if s:tf lyP <
cf_ …dfof / ;xcl:tTjsf] cFufnf]df afFwLÚ eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
O_ cfhsf k'?if s:tf 5g\ <
O{_ oxfF ltdL cyf{t\ k'?ifnfO{ lsg ljd'v gx'g cg'/f]w ul/Psf] xf] <
p_ o; sljtf+zsf] d"n cfzo s] xf] <
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
ls;fgx¿ ;a} s'/f ;xg ;S5g\ k/Gt' j:t'nfO{ csf{n] bof 5f8]/ s'6]sf] ;xg
;Sb}gg\ . lapaf6 wkfOGh]n t u'dfg]n] s]xL af]n]sf] lyPg, k/Gt' ha s'6 \g
nfUof] clg u'dfg]sf] l/;sf] ;Ldf /x]g . c;f/ dlxgfsf lbge/ hf]Tg' kg]{ uf]?,
p;dfly k;]sf] dfq lyP, ptL gf]S;fg u/]sf lyPgg\ . h'?Ss p7]/ eGof] –
ælap gf]S;fgL u/]sf] 5 eg] cd{n n], c;f/sf uf]? lsg s'6\5;\ P wglht] ÛÆ
k|Zgx¿M
c_ dflysf] syf+z s'g syfsf] s'g ;Gbe{df cfPsf] xf] <
cf_ ls;fgx¿sf] :jefj s:tf] x'G5 <
O_ u'dfg]nfO{ l/; p7\gfsf] d'Vo sf/0f s] xf] <
O{_ c;f/ dlxgfdf lsg uf]?sf] ljz]if dxŒj x'G5 <
p_ o; k|;ª\u eGbf k5fl8 nut} s'g syf ;Gbe{ cfpF5 <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
Ps s]hL df;' pTkfbg ug{ !) s]hL zfsfxf/L ef]hg vkt x'G5 cyf{t\ Ps
wgL df+;fxf/Ln] !) ul/a zfsfxf/Lsf] vfgf x;'5{ . wgL / ;DkGg ju{s}
OGwg, phf{ / cfxf/df ul/ax¿n] lklN;g' kg]{ / ef]sd/L a]xf]g'{ kg]{ l:ylt
v8f ePsf] 5 . o;sf] bf]if e"d08nLo pi0ftf -Unf]an jfld{ª_ df yf]kg]{ k|j[lt
klg 5 . hf] xf];\, ef]lnsf] ;ª\3if{ ef]sdf cfwfl/t x'g] s'/fnfO{ olts} gsfg{

Trinity International Secondary School 83

 ldNb}g . Sofd?g, ;]g]un, df}l/6flgof, xfO6L / OG8f]g]l;ofdf ef]saf6 qmflGtn]
hGd lng yfn]sf] tYo ;dfrf/df ;'lg ;s]sf 5f}F .
k|Zgx?M
c_ df+;fxf/sf sf/0faf6 kg]{ vfB c;/ s] xf] <
cf_ ul/ax¿ s] sf/0fn] ef]sd/L a]xf]g'{ kg]{ cj:yfdf k'Ub5g\ <
O_ ef]lnsf] ;ª\3if{ ef]sdf cfwfl/t x'G5 eGg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
O{_ o; cg'R5]bsf] d'Vo cfzo s] xf] <
p_ e"d08nLo pi0ftf -Unf]an jfld{ª_ eGgfn] s] a'l´G5 <
!^= …g]kfn cToGt ;'Gb/ b]z xf]Ú eGg] egfO{k|lt …d]/f] b]zÚ sljtfsf cfwf/df k|ltlqmof
n]Vg' xf];\ . -%_

Trinity International Secondary School 84

 HSEB – 2073 (2016)

ljBfyL{x?n] ;s];Dd cfkm\g} zAbdf pQ/ lbg'kg]{5 . bfoF lsgf/fdf lbOPsf]

cª\sn] k"0ff{ª\s hgfpFb5 .

;a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M

!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ pRrf/0f :yfg / k|oTgsf cfwf/df tnsf j0f{x¿nfO{ lrgfpg' xf];\M
h, y, d, o, n .
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf n]vL cIf/ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
;"of]{bo, ;fdflhs, tfQftf], a}7s, Clif .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M -%_
k]m/L lg/fiffjfbL dfq ag]/ s] ug]{ < afFrg' 5, hLag latfpg' gO 5 gablng] o];
;dfhnfO{ Ps wSsf bLP/ abNg' k5{ . gq otLsf k9]sf], u'g]sf] s] kmfObf ef]
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M -#_
Pp6f emu8fdf ;aeGbf lgbf]{if sfd xf] – Tof] emu8fsf] dWo:y x'g' t/ s'g} klg
dWo:y b'a} kIfsf] ;dy{s x'g ;St}g . dWo:yn] Pp6f g Pp6fsf] zq' x'g} k5{ –
s[i0f /fon] lapFe]m e}Fm of] 1fg cfh{g u/] .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M -#_
;x/sf t'ngfdf u|fdL0f e]slt/sf k|foM ul/a hgtf cfw'lgs ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt
/x]sf 5g\ . t;y{ ;/sf/n] o;tk{m klg rf;f] lbO{ u|fdL0f If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu
cfjZos sbd rfNg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × # Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\lst zAbx¿dWo] pk;u{ Jo'TkGg zAbdf nfu]sf pk;u{
/ k|Too Jo'TkGg zAbdf nfu]sf k|Too 5'6\ofP/ b]vfpg'xf];\ M
clxn] g]kfnL o'jfx¿sf nflu j}b]lzs /f]huf/L cfzsf] s]Gb|ljGb' ag]sf] 5 .
b]zsf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tf, zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cefj / a9\bf] a]/f]huf/Ln] o:tf]
kl/l:ylt l;h{gfsf nflu pTk|]/ssf] e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj zAb vf]hL ;d:t zAbnfO{
lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj zAbdf bf]xf]l/Psf] c+z 5'6\6\ofpg' xf];\ M
;Ktlif{ pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf 5fq5fqfx¿n] Ps cfk;df ;/;Nnfx u/]/
lqj]0fLdf jgef]hsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf lyP . ToxFf tfQftf] vfg]s'/f vfPkl5 ;a}
hgfn] cfcfˆgf ;'/df gfrufg u/] clg ;fFemlt/ ;a} 3/3/ kmls{P .

Trinity International Secondary School 85

 u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 5 j6f ;lGwo'St Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf] ;lGw
ljR5]b ug'{ xf];\ M
k|To]s jif{ kf}if z'Sn k"l0f{dfsf] lbg ;Ktsf]zLsf lsgf/fdf 7"nf] d]nf nfUg]
ub{5 . d]nfdf k|foM To;} e]usf dw];L / kxf8L ;d'bfosf dflg;x¿sf]
le8ef8 b]Vg kfOG5 . d]nfsf x'nd'ndf o'jfo'jtL / j[4j[4fx¿ cfˆg} ;'/df
/dfO/x]sf e]l6G5g\ . ToxfF sf]xL cTofjZos ;fdfgx¿ lsGg Jo:t b]lvG5g\
eg] sf]xL a];'/sf ukm r'l6 /x]sf x'G5g\ . ToxfF k|foM ;f]emf;femf dflg;x¿ g}
e]l6G5g\ tfklg ToxfF kfs]6df/ / /S:ofxfx¿sf] cftª\s klg sd x'Fb}g .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ Ps jrgdf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ M
d]/f ;fyLx¿ lqms]6 v]nf8L x'g\ . pgLx¿n] :s'n k9\bfb]lv g} lqms]6 v]nsf]
cEof; u/]sf lyP . pgLx¿ clxn] klg lg/Gt/ cEof; ub}{ 5g\ . pgLx¿n]
cGt/f{li6«o k|ltof]lutfdf ;xeflutf hgfpg] 5g\ . pgLx¿n] ljZjsk lhTg]
of]hgf klg agfPsf 5g\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ cfjZos ;'wf/ ;lxt k"0f{ jt{dfg sfndf
kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
lzj gf/fgn] afa'sf] sfhlqmof ;DkGg u/] . pgn] cfdfnfO{ cfb/ ;fy kfn] .
pgn] efOx¿k|lt ;w}F dfof b;f{P . pgn] gfgLys'Fsf] ljjfx u/fO lbP/ bfh'sf]
bfloTj k"/f u/] . pgL ;w}F st{Jo kydf lxF8] .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] sf/s klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
d 3/af6 aflx/ lg:s]F . d}n] ;fyLnfO{ af]nfPF t/ pm cfPg . d a;df r9]F .
a; ;8sdf u'8\b} lyof] . a; /f]lsPkl5 d}n] ‰ofnaf6 aflx/ x]/]F . ;8ssf]
k]6Ldf dflg;x¿ hDdf ePsf lyP . s]xL dflg;x¿ Ps hgf 3fOt]nfO{
p7fpFb} lyP . s;}n] p;nfO{ df]6/;fOsnaf6 7Ss/ lbPsf] /x]5 . Ps hgfn]
cfˆgf] df]afOnåf/f PDa'n]G; af]nfO ;s]sf] /x]5g\ . ;a}n] 3fOt]nfO{ pkrf/fy{
c:ktfn k'¥ofP . ;a}n] 3fOt]sf nflu ;Sbf] ;xof]u h'6fP . lxhf]b]lv kfgL
k/]sfn] af6f] lrKnf] x'g uO{ b'3{6gf ePsf] /x]5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
p;sf] alxgL …ax'nf sfhLsf] ;kgfÚ gf6s x]g{ uPsL 5] . p;sf] efO klg
ToxLF hfFb} 5g\ . sfG5f] lbbL klg hfg] s'/f ug'{ x'GYof] . tF klg hfG5f}< hfg]
eP d;Fu} lxF8 . d klg s]xL a]/kl5 Tot} hfG5 .

Trinity International Secondary School 86

*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M -@×$ Ö *_
s_ tnsf rf/j6f hl6n jfSox¿nfO{ cf7j6f ;/n jfSodf 5'6\6\ofpg' xf];\ M
ljBfyL{x¿ /fd|f] k7g kf7gsf lglDt lghL ljBfnodf egf{ eP t/ pgLx¿n]
;f]r] h:tf] k7g kf7g ePg . ljBfno k|zf;gn] ;'wf/sf lglDt k|of; u¥of]
tfklg ;d:of oyfjt g} /Xof] . ha cleefjsx¿n] of] ;d:of yfxf kfP ta
pgLx¿n] w]/} ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ ljBfnoaf6 lgsfn] . ljBfyL{x¿ 36\b} uP eg]
lghL ljBfno ;ª\s6df kg]{ lglZrt 5 .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf ck|ToIf sygsf jfSonfO{ k|ToIf sygdf abNg'xf];\ M
;'ozn] cfh cfk"m sn]h ghfg] s'/f] atfof] . bfOn] ;'oznfO{ sn]h ghfgfsf
sf/0f ;f]Wg'eof] . ;'ozn] cfk"mnfO{ ;Grf] gePsf] s'/f bfOnfO{ atfof] . bfOn]
;'oznfO{ cfh 3/d} a;]/ cf/f dug{ cfu|x ug'{eof] .
u_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ xf];\M
dfG5]n] hLjgdf slxn] ?g' k5{ . slxn] xfF:g' k5{ . hLjgd ;'vb'Mv rqm e}Fm
3'd]/ cfO/xG5g\ . of] :jfefljs k|lqmof xf] .
(= tnsf] cg'R5]bx¿ k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -!)_
r'lxPsf] ufu|fdf kfgL xfNb} eg]{ k|of; ug'{nfO{ c:j:y ;Demg'kb{5 . Kjfn k/]sf]
ufu|faf6 kfgL r'lxP/ ufu|Lleqsf] kfgL 36\b} uP e}Fm dflg;sf] z/L/af6 kfgL v]/
uO{ kfgL 36\5 / pm la/fdL x'G5 . o:tf] x'Fbf kfgL;Fu} g'g / z/L/sf] tfut klg
v]/ hfG5 . o;/L kfgL, g'g / tfut v]/ hfg] k|lqmofnfO{ hn ljof]hg elgG5 .
w]/} hn ljof]hg ePdf dflg; dg{ ;Sb5 . emf8f kvfnf x'Fbf dg]{ d'Vo sf/0f hn
ljof]hg g} xf] .
gr'lxPsf] ufu|fdf kfgL e¥of] eg] l/lQg kfpFb}g / el/O /xG5 . To:t} cf}iflw kfgL
v'jfpFb} u¥of] eg] emf8f kvfnfaf6 v]/ uPsf] kfgL / g'g cfk"lt{ x'G5 / la/fdL
d[To'af6 aRb5 . ltg rf/ lbg;Dd cf}iflw kfgL v'jfPkl5 la/fdLsf] emf8f kvfnf
cfk}Fm lgsf] x'G5 . o;/L v]/ uPsf] g'g / kfgL cfk"lt{ ug{] k|lqmofnfO{ k'gh{nLo
pkrf/ elgG5 .
k'gh{nLo pkrf/n] la/fdLsf] kvfnf tTsfn} /f]lsFb}g t/ hn ljof]hgnfO{ ;'wf5{
/ la/fdLnfO{ dg{af6 arfpF5 . cf}iflw kfgLn] kvfnf yfldPg eg]/ slt
dflg;x¿n] u'gf;f] u/]sf] ;'lgG5 t/ ;Demg'kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] emf8f kvfnf
nfu]sf] la/fdLsf] d'Vo pkrf/ g} hn ljof]hg x'g glbO /f]uLsf] k|f0f arfpg' xf] .
k'gh{nLo k|lqmofaf6 hn ljof]hgsf] pkrf/ ePdf emf8f kvfnfsf w]/}h;f]
la/fdLx¿ cfk}Fm 7Ls x'G5g\ . To;}n] emf8f kvfnf nfu]sf la/fdLsf nflu
k'gh{nLo pkrf/ g} ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ x'G5 .
la/fdLnfO{ s;/L / slt k'gh{nLo pkrf/ ug]{ eGg] s'/f la/fdLsf] cj:yf /
ljof]hgsf] l:yltdf e/ kg]{ x'Fbf klxn] la/fdLsf] l:yltsf] n]vfhf]vf ug'{kb{5 /

Trinity International Secondary School 87

 ;f]xL cg';f/ pkrf/ k|0ffnL ckgfpg' kb{5 . To;}n] s:tf] la/fdLnfO{ ufpF3 /d}
pkrf/ ug]{ xf], s:tfnfO{ :jf:Yo rf}sL jf c:ktfndf pkrf/sf nflu k7fpg] xf]
jf s:tfnfO{ ;fdfGo pkrf/ ug]{ pkfo l;sfP k'Ub5 eGg] s'/f la/fdLsf] hn
ljof]hgsf] l:yltdf e/ kb{5 .
k|Zgx¿M
s_ hn ljof]hg eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <
v_ k'gh{nLo pkrf/n] s] s'/fdf ;3fp k'¥ofpF5 <
u_ s] ePdf emf8f kvfnfsf la/fdLx¿ cfk}Fm 7Ls x'G5g\ <
3_ k'gh{nLo pkrf/ s] s] s'/fdf e/ kb{5 <
ª_ …tfutÚ / …cfk"lt{Ú zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .

!)= tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ Ps t[tLof+z zAbdf ;ª\If]kLs/0f ug'{xf];\ M -%_

hLjx¿ tfkqmdl;t lgs} ;DalGwt x'G5g\ . tfkqmd 36\g] tyf a9\g] qmdsf] k|efj
hLjx¿sf ef}lts k|lqmofdf klg k5{ . tLj| ultdf ablnPsf] xfjfkfgLdf
hLjx¿sf ef}lts k|lqmofx¿ ldNg ;Sb}gg\ . To;}n] hLjx¿ nf]k x'g] qmd tLj|
ultdf a9]sf] 5 . h:t} M sf]:6fl/sfsf] :yfgLo If]qf kfOg] nueu $) k|ltzt
peor/x¿ ;w}Fsf] nflu nf]k ePsf 5g\ . d]lS;sf]sf] hª\unaf6 Plbysf] r]skf]:6
gfds k'tnLsf] e'mG8 g} x/fPsf] 5 / TOf] Sofg8fsf] hª\unleq k]mnf k/]sf] 5 .
blIf0f cd]l/sfsf] sf]nlDaofdf dn]l/of /f]usf afxs nfdv'6\6]x¿ @,@)) ld6/;D
prfO ePsf :yfgx¿df ;d]t b]vf kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ . tL nfdv'6\6] k|foM !,)))
ld6/eGbf dflysf] prfOdf afFRg ;St}gg\ . o;} u/L g]kfnsf kxf8L e]sx¿df
lxhf]cfh nfdv'6\6] b]vf k/]sf] rrf{ ;'Gg kfOG5 . ljleGg k"mnx¿ ;doeGbf
klxNo} k'mNg yfn]sf] cg'ej jg:klt lj1 atfpF5g\ . oL ;a} kl/0ffdx¿
;hLjx¿n] afFRgsf nflu pko'Qm 7fpF vf]Hg] qmdsf k|ltkmnx¿ x'g\ . To;}n] k[YjL
tfTgfn] ;hLjx¿ cfˆgf] j+z hf]ufpg 7"nf] ;ª\s6sf] ;fdgf ub}{ pko'Qm
jf;:yfgsf] vf]hLdf 5g\ .

!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M -%_

s_ lghL ljBfnox¿n] o;} z}lIfs ;qb]lv lzIf0f z'Ns j[l4 u/]sf] egL
kqklqsfdf cfPsf ;dfrf/nfO{ ljifo agfO{ s'g} /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfsf
;DkfbsnfO{ lr7L n]Vg'xf];\ .
v_ lgoldt dd{t ;Def/ ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f b]vfpFb} tLg lbg s]a'n sf/ ;]jf aGb
x'g]af/] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpgsf nflu dgsfdgf s]a'n sf/
k|f=ln=sf tk{maf6 tof/ kfl/g] ;"rgf n]Vg'xf];\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 88

!@= cfˆgf] 6f]nsf] o'jf Snan] cfof]hgf u/]sf] /Stbfg sfo{qmdsf d'Vo s'/fx¿ ;d]6L
!%) zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ .
cyjf
…g]kfndf OGwgsf] ;d:ofÚ zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg' xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAbdf g36fO{ lgaGw n]Vg' xf];\ M -!)_
s_ o'jf ju{df a9\bf] df]afOn kmf]gk|ltsf] df]x
v_ dfgj clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fdf ;/sf/sf] e"ldsf
u_ d]/f] b]z, d]/f] :ju{
!$= …gfnfkfgLdfÚ gf6ssf] tn lbOPsf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M
-@×%Ö!)_
3fOt] ef] dflg; of] dflg; sxfF cfof],
dflg;n] dflg;af6 ;x\of/ klg kfof] Ù
wGo sxnfpm vf]nL Åbosf] åf/,
u'g nfP/ dflg;nfO{ a}u'gL gkf/,
s:'t/LnfO{ lxdfnsf] lz/df rg{ b]pm,
g]kfnLnfO{ g]kfnsf] lglDt dg{ b]pm, ca hfg b]pm,
ls of] k|fg n]pm====
ls h;sf] k|fg xf] p;nfO{ of] bfg ug{ b]pm,
ca hfg b]pm . hfg b]pm====
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ dflysf] gf6\of+zdf s] s:tf] dfgjtfjfbL lrGtg JoSt ePsf] 5 < k|i6
kfg'{xf];\ .
v_ dflysf] gf6\of+zsf] klg cfwf/ lnO{ …gfnfkfgLdfÚ gf6sdf g/] sfsL{åf/f
cleJoSt b]zelQmsf] j0f{g ug'{xf];\ .

!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×%Ö!)_

s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg' xf]; \ M
hxfF
zLtn xfjfdf a'O{ r9]/
s:t"/Lsf] ;'uGw 8'Nb5
hxfF
Psaflh cfP/
3/ kms{g j;Gt e'Nb5
hxFf
a6'jfnfO{ eGHofªdf /f]s]/

Trinity International Secondary School 89

 lxdfn kª\vf xDsG5
hxfF
Ps csf{sf] d'v x]/]/
gLnlul/ / wjnflul/ rDsG5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ …zLtn xfjfdf a'O{ r9]/ s:t'/Lsf] ;'uGw 8'Nb5Ú eGg] klª\Qmaf6 s] s'/fsf]
;ª\s]t kfOG5 <
cf_ j;Gt lsg 3/ kms{g e'Nb5 <
O_ lxdfnn] s;nfO{ s;/L kª\vf xDsG5 <
O{_ …Ps csf{sf] d'v x]/]/ gLnlul/ / wjnflul/ rDsG5Ú eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
p_ dflysf] sljtf+zsf] d"n cfzo s] xf] <
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg' xf]; \ M
æJoy}{df xfdLn] af/L ug]{ eP/ of] cfkb\ a];fPsf]Æ p;sf] dgdf nfUb} cfof],
ægq ;'v;Fu ahf/d} a;]sf lyof}F . dlxgf dgf{;fy tna kfpFYof], ;'?a'? k'u]s}
lyof] . s]6fs]6LnfO{ :s'n hfg glhs Ù kfgL eg{ hfgnfO{ l;sl;sf] lyPg Ù
;8s ;lhnf] /fd|f], g xfjfsf] 8/ g klx/f]sf] 8/ . laTy}df gb'v]sf] skfn af/L
lng] eP/ b'vfPsf]====== .
k|Zgx¿M
c_ dflysf] syf+z s;sf] egfOsf ¿kdf cfPsf] 5 <
cf_ oxfF jQmfn] s'g sf/0faf6 cfkb\ a];fPsf] cg'e"lt ul/Psf] 5 <
O_ ahf/sf] a;fO s;/L ;'ljwfhgs x'g ;S5 <
O{_ …laTy}df gb'v]sf] skfn af/L lng] eP/ b'vfPsf]Ú eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf] <
p_ o; syf+zsf] d"n efj s] xf] <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
:jf:gLdfG5]nfO{ nf]Ug]dfG5] / nf]Ug]dfG5]nfO{ :jf:gLdfG5] ;fyL agfpg
cK7\of/f] kfg]{ Pp6f 7"nf sf/0f l;4fGtnfO{ k"hf ug]{ xfd|f] afgL klg xf] cyf{t\
xfdL l;4fGtnfO{ Jofjxfl/s ¿k lbg] k|oTg ug'{sf] ;6\6f To;sf] vfln u'g
ufP/ lxF8\5f}F . xfdL Gofosf] dxfTDo ufpF5f}F t/ :jod\ cGofo ug{af6 kl5
;b}{gf}F . xfdL ljZjaGw'Tj / b]zelQmsf] aofg u5f}{F t/ v'b dfgjtfsf] ljkl/t
/ b]z efF8\g] sfd u/]/ lxF8\5f}F . xfdL ;fDk|bflostfsf lgGbf u5f}{F, cfly{s
;dfgtf / :qL k'?ifsf] ;dfgtfsf] cf8 lnG5f}F t/ cfk}Fm ;fDk|bflos efjgf
cg';f/ rN5f}F, cfk}Fm :qL k'?ifsf] ;dfgtf / cfly{s ;dfgtfsf] pN6f] lxF8\5f}F .
xfd|f ;a}h;f] l;4fGt / Jojxf/df o:t} 7"nf 7"nf lj/f]wfefifx¿ b]lvG5g\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 90

 k|Zgx?M
c_ l;4fGtnfO{ k"hf ug]{ xfd|f] afgLn] s] s'/fdf cK7\of/f] k5{ <
cf_ Gofo;DaGwL xfd|f] b[li6sf]0f / Jojxf/ s:tf] 5 <
O_ xfdLn] lbg] b]zelQmsf] gf/f / b]zk|ltsf] xfd|f] sfddf s] s:tf] leGgtf 5<
O{_ :qL / k'?ifaLrsf] ;dfgtfsf] ;DaGwdf xfd|f egfO / u/fOdf s] s:tf]
a]d]n b]lvG5 <
p_ o; lgaGwf+zn] :qL / k'?ifaLr s:tf] ;DaGwsf] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 <

!^= …afn aflnsfsf lardf lje]b l;h{gf ug]{ d"n sf/0f ;dfh g} xf] .Ú o; egfO{
k|lt …dw'dfntLsf] syfÚ sf cfwf/df cfˆgf] k|ltlqmof n]Vg' xf];\ . -%_

Trinity International Secondary School 91

 NEB – 2074 (2017)

ljBfyL{x?n] ;s];Dd cfkm\g} zAbdf pQ/ lbg'kg]{5 . bfoF lsgf/fdf lbOPsf]

cª\sn] k"0ff{ª\s hgfpFb5 .

;a} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M

!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ tnsf j0f{x¿nfO{ pRrf/0f :yfg / k|oTgsf cfwf/df lrgfpg' xf];\M
u, 5, d, o, x .
v_ tn lbOPsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf n]vL cIf/ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
sfn, a6'jf, ljz]if1, sfg'g, /d0fLotf .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M -%_
efO{ ljBfnoaf6 kms{b} lyof] p;sf] e]6 jf6fdf alxlg;+u eof] . pgLx? ;do]d}
3/ kms]{ . pgLx?n] s/];fdf 9sdSs km"n]sf ;]tf kx]Fnf / /ftf k'ikx? x]/] .
pgLx? v'zL eP .
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M -#_
ljrf/ ubf{ cfn' lkF8fn'eGbf lgs} af7f6f7f] / ck 6' 8]6 nfU5, To;}n] o;nfO{ a'9f]
eGg d]/f] cfn'lk|o lha|fn] sbflk ;St}g .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL n]Vg' xf];\ M -@_
/]n, df]6/ r9\bf / xf]6]n, /]:6'/fFx?df vfFbf, a:tf jf e]6 x'Fbf sltko
dflg;x?;Fusf] Ifl0fs ldqtf klg lr/:d/0fLo ljifo eP/ xfd|f] :d[lt k6ndf
cª\lst x'g k'U5 .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × # Ö ^_
s_ tnsf] lbOPsf pk;u{ / k|Too nufO{ Ps Ps zAb agfpg' xf];\ M
pk;u{M ;', cg, ab
k|TooM O{o, tf, of}nL .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj JoTkGg zAb vf]hL ;d:t
zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj JoTkGg zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|ls|of b]vffpg' xf];\ M
3fd5fof h:tf] hLjgdf ;'vb'Mv cfnf]kfnf] ub}{ cfO /xG5g\ . uugr'DaL
dxndf a;] klg, ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df r9] klg / dlva'6\6] sk8fn] hlt;'s}
cfª;fª l;Fuf/] klg xfdL kLtfDa/ aGg ;St}gf}F . g t v'¿v'¿ cf–cfkm\gf]
sfd ug{ 5f]8]/ d'v laufb}{df xfQL;'F9] nDaf]b/ g} aGg ;S5f}F .

Trinity International Secondary School 92

 u_ tn lbOPsf] cg'R5]baf6 5 j6f ;lGwo'St Jo'TkGg zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf]
;lGw ljR5]b ug'{ xf];\ M
dgf]/d gbLgfnf / ;/f]j/x? x]g{sf nflu k|To]s jif{ y'k|} ljb]zL ko{6sx?
g]kfn cfpg] ub{5g\ . pgLx? oxfF hftLo, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / eflifs
ljljwtfsf lardf ;fdflhs ;b\efj / /fli6«o Pstfsf] hudu Hof]lt
kfpF5g\ . pgLx? g[TofËgfsf 5d5d gfrx? x]b}{ g]kfnd} k'/f0fx?df jl0f{t
:ju{sf] ememNsf] cg'ej ub{5g\ .
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ Ps jrg eP ax'jrgdf / ax' jrg eP Ps
jrgdf kl/jt{g u/L jfSo9fFrf ;d]t ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
xfdL k|To]s lbg laxfg rfF8} p7\5f}+ . xfdL xftd'v w'G5f}F . xfdL lrof lkP/
k9\g yfN5f}F . ltdL eg] ;w}F l9nf p7\5\of} . ltdL k9fOdf kl5 k5\of}{ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ cfjZos ;'wf/ ;lxt ;fdfGo cfb/df kl/jt{g
ug'{ xf];\ M
pm sIff !@ df k9\b} 5 . pm clt g} kl/>dL 5 . pm cg'zfl;t 5 . p;sL
Ps alxgL klg 5] . pm alxgLnfO{ klg k9\g n]Vg l;sfpF5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -^_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg kbx¿sf] sf/s klxrfg u/L n]Vg' xf];\ M
d v]tdf sfd ub}{ lyPF . v]tfnfx¿ sf]bfnLn] v]t vGb} lyP . /f]kfxf/x¿
5'k'5'k' wfg /f]Kg nfu]sf lyP . v]tsf cfnLdf Pp6f sfnf] ;k{ b]lvof] . To;n]
d'v …cfFÚ u/]/ 6f]sF'nf h:tf] u¥of] . d}n] To;nfO{ n6\7Ln] lxsf{PF . ;k{ d¥of] .
d}n] d/]sf] ;k{nfO{ v]tsf] cfnLaf6 k/ nu]/ Pp6f vfN8fdf k'/]F . cfwf
lbgb]lv 8/fPsf v]tfnfx¿ ca 9'Ss eP . d}n] pgLx¿nfO{ gf:tf vfg lbPF .
pgLx?n] dnfO{ kfgL lbP . xfdL ;a}n] /dfpFb} k]ml/ sfd ug{ yfNof}F .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
d]/f] bfO SofDk;df k9fpg' x'G5 . pgn] lj1fgdf :gftsf]Q/ u/]sfL 5g\ .
pxfFsf ;fyLx¿ klg SofDk;d} k9fpF5 . efph"n] bfOsf ;fyLx¿nfO{ /fd|/L
lrg]sf] 5' . ;do ;dodf 3/d} af]nfP/ vfgf v'jfpg] ePsfn] efph";Fu ;a}
v';L 5 . efph"sf] dfof / ;xof]u kfPsfdf bfO klg dSv 5 .
*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M -@×$ Ö *_
s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf cf7j6f ;/n jfSonfO{ rf/j6f hl6n jfSoddf kl/jt{g
ug'{ xf];\ M
d klxnf] k6s kf]v/f uPF . d cToGt} /dfPF . tkfO{ k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfdf
/dfpg rfxg'x'G5 . tkfO{ Ps rf]l6 kf]v/f k'Ug' xf];\ . p;n] kf]v/fsf]
;/fª\sf]6af6 ;"of]{bosf] b[Zofjnf]sg u¥of] . p;n] :juL{o cfgGbsf] cg'ej

Trinity International Secondary School 93

 u¥of] . kf]v/fn] ljleGg tfn, u'kmf / xl/ofnLsf sf/0fn] nfvf}F ko{6ssf] dg
lht]sf] 5 . kf]v/fn] :yfgLo dfG5]x¿sf nflu :j/f]huf/sf] cj;/ l;h{gf
u/]sf] 5 .
v_ jfRo kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
d t o; k6s b;}Fdf 3/ hfG5' . d cfdfa'afnfO{ e]6\5' . d pxfFx?sf xftaf6
b;}Fsf] 6Lsf nufpF5' . d cfzLjf{b yfK5' . cfdf ld7f ld7f kl/sf/x¿ agfpg'
x'G5 . xfdL cfk;df afF8]/ tL kl/sf/x¿ vfG5f}F . ;fgf s]6fs]6Lx¿ ufpF3/
8'N5g\ . pgLx¿ w]/} /dfpF5g\ .
u_ tn lbOPsf k|ToIf sygsf jfSox¿nfO{ ck|ToIf sygdf kl/jt{g ug'{ xf]; \M
lzj gf/fgn] eg] – æeO uf], kmls{ ;Sg' ePsf] dflg;n] lsg k]ml/ b'Mv ug]{ .Æ
æca d}n] tkfO{nfO{ kfpg g;Sg] ePF .Æ ¿b}F gfgLys'Fn] elgg\ .
ælxF8, hfFb} u/ /~hgf Û d cfpF5' .Æ 8fS6/ uf]bQ k|;fbn] eg] .
k'g gf/fg, xif{ gf/fg b'j} hgfn] Ps} :j/df eg] – æl7s 5, cfdfn] l7s eGg'
eof]Æ
(= tn lbOPsf] uBf+z k9L cGTodf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -!)_
k[YjLsf] ;tx / jfo' d08nsf] tNnf] txdf ;"o{af6 cfPsf ljleGg ljls/0f hDdf
x'G5g\ . log} ljls/0fsf sf/0f k[YjLsf] ;tx tfTg] / lrl;g] sfo{ eO{ k[YjLsf] hLj
d08ndf ljleGg c;/ b]vf kb{5g\ . To; c;/nfO{ xl/t u[x k|efj elgG5 . xl/t
u[x k|efjsf] k|ToIf ;DaGw tfkqmd;Fu /x]sf] 5 . ljls/0f ylkg] qmd a9]\b}
uPsfn] ljut s]xL jif{ otf k[YjLsf] ;tx la:tf/} tfTb} uPsf] lgisif{
j}1flgsx¿n] lgsfn]sf 5g\ . To;}sf cfwf/df g} ;g\ !((% nfO{ ;aeGbf tftf]
jif{sf ¿kdf lnOG5 . lat]sf] ;o jif{df k[YjLsf] e"dWo/]vLo If]qdf )=$% )
;]lN;o; / w|'jLo -cfs{l6s_ If]qdf ;g\ !(^* b]lv otf %) ;]lN;o; tfkqmd
a9]sf] s'/f j}1flgs cg';Gwfgn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . jfo'd08n ljleGg UofF;x¿
ldn]/ ag]sf] x'G5 . jfo'd08ndf cfotgsf lx;fan] ;aeGbf a9L gfO6«f]hg /
clS;hg /x]sf 5g\ eg] w'nfsf] s0f, hnjfik, ldy]g, cf]hf]g, sfa{g 8fOcS;fO8,
gfO6«; cS;fO8 cflb gu0o dfqfdf /x]sf 5g\ . oL dWo] hnjfik, ldy]g, cf]hg,
Snf]/f]k\mnf]/f] sfa{g, sfa{g 8fOcS;fO8, gfO6«; cS;fO8n] xl/t u[x k|efjdf
k|d'v e"ldsf v]n]sf x'G5g\ . oL UofF;x¿nfO{ ;du|df xl/t u[x UofF; -lu|g xfp;
UofF;_ elgG5 . ;"o{af6 laleGg cfO /x]sf x'G5g\ . tL dWo] n3' t/Ësf
ljls/0fx¿ k/fjlt{t eP/ cGtl/Iftkm{ g} kmls{g] ub{5g\ t/ jfo'd08ndf /x]sf
ljleGg UofF;x¿dWo] xl/t u[x UofF;x? -sfa{g 8fOcS;fO8, Snf]/f]k\mnf]/f] sfa{g,
gfO6«; cS;fO8, hnjfik, ldy]g, cf]hf]g cflb_ n] tL bL3{ t/Ësf ljls/0fnfO{
cGtl/Iftk{m hfg /f]sL cfkm}n] ;f];]/ /fVb5g\ . o;/L k[YjLdf bL3{ t/Ësf
ljls/0fx¿ tfksf ¿kdf jfo' d08nsf] tNnf] txdf y'lk|G5g\ / ltgn]

Trinity International Secondary School 94

 jfo'd08nnfO{ tftf] kfl//xG5g\ . log} y'lk|Psf ljls/0fx¿n] jfo' d08ndf kfg]{
ljleGg c;/ g} xl/t u[x k|efjsf ¿kdf b]lvG5 . of] ;fwf/0ftof lg/Gt/ rln
/xg] k|lqmof xf] . o;nfO{ k[YjL tfTg] k|lqmof klg elgG5 .
k|Zgx¿M
s_ xl/t u[x k|efj eg]sf] s] xf] <
v_ j}1flgs cg';Gwfgaf6 s] s'/f k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 <
u_ xl/t u[x k|efjdf d'Vo e"ldsf v]Ng] UofF;x¿ s'g s'g x'g\ <
3_ bL3{ t/Ësf ljls/0fx¿ jfo' d08nsf] tNnf] txdf y'lk|gfsf] sf/0f s] xf] <
ª_ …cGtl/IfÚ / …ljls/0fÚ zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .

!)= tnsf] cg'R5]bnfO{ Ps t[tLof+z zAbdf ;ª\If]kLs/0f ug'{xf];\ M -%_

xfd|f jl/kl/ /x]sf ;a} y/Lsf af]6 la¿jf, ¿v, nx/f, 3fF;kft cflbnfO{ a'emfpg]
;femf gfpF jg:klt xf] . ;+;f/df k'mn kNg] / gk'mNg] u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf jg:kltx¿
5g\ . g]kfndf klg oL b'j} y/L jg:klt kfOG5g\ . g]kfn ef}uf]lns ljljwtf ePsf]
b]z x'gfn] oxfF km/s km/s lsl;dsf] xfjfkfgL 5 / ;f]xL cg';f/ oxfF ljleGg
lsl;dsf jg:klt kfOG5g\ . g]kfnsf t/fO{, efj/, b'g / r'/] If]qdf pkf]i0f
k|b]zLo ;bf axf/ hª\un 5 . ;d'b«L ;txb]lv Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o ld6/;Ddsf]
prfOdf /x]sf] hª\un g} pkf]i0f k|b]zLo ;bf axf/ hª\un xf] . of] Hofb} 3gf x'G5
. Ps xhf/ b'O{ ;o ld6/eGbf dfly sl/a b'O{ xhf/ Ps ;o ld6/ ;Ddsf]
prfOdf pd|g] ¿vaf6 ag]sf] hª\unnfO{ ;dzLtf]i0f ktem/ hª\un elgG5 . of]
kxf8L hª\un xf] . of] Tolt afSnf] x'Fb}g . ;d'b«L ;txaf6 ltg xhf/ b]lv rf/
xhf/ ld6/ pFrf] e"efudf kfOg] jg:kltnfO{ n]sfnL jg:klt elgG5 . lxdfnsf]
tNnf] e"efu / s]xL xf]rf] w/ftndf o:tf jg:klt kfOG5g\ . ;d'b«L ;txaf6 rf/
xhf/ ld6/ eGbf pRr efudf kfOg] jg:klt lxdfnL jg:klt elgG5 . o:tf
jg:klt /xg] 7fpFsf] tfkqmd jif{el/ g} z"Go l8u|L ;]lN;o; eGbf klg Go"g x'G5 .

!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M -%_

s_ …;jf/L b'3{6gfÚ sf ljifodf ;Da4 kIfsf] Wofgfsif{0f x'g] u/L uf]/vfkq /fli6«o
b}lgssf ;DkfbsnfO{ lr7L n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ g]kfnsf o'jf j}1flgsx¿åf/f cfk\mg} l;k / k|ljlwsf] k|of]u u/L pTkfbg
ul/Psf] …;f]nf/ sf/Ú sf] k|rf/ k|;f/sf nflu pTkfbs sDkgLsf tk{maf6 ul/g]
cfsif{s lj1fkgsf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ .
!@= …k~rb]jn o'jf SnaÚ n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] :Stbfg sfo{qmddf cfk"m ;xefuL ePsf]
ljifonfO{ ;d]6L !%) zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ . -%_
cyjf

Trinity International Secondary School 95

 …dlxnf lx+;fÚ zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg' xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg' xf];\ M -!)_
s_ d]/f] b]z M d]/f] :ju{
v_ g]kfndf lj1fg / k|ljlw lzIfsf] dxTj
u_ nf]stGq / cg'zf;g
!$= …af}nfx sfhLsf] ;kgfÚ gf6saf6 tn lbOPsf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/
lbg' xf];\M -@×%Ö!)_
eSt] Û t]/f] Pp6f 5f]/f] lyof], la/] . t]/f] :jfy{ ToxL lyof], ToxL Ps laGb' lyof], t]/f]
Pp6} lx/f lyof], Pp6} dfof lyof], ca Tof] d¥of], Tof] 5}g . x]/\, To;sf] ;6\6fdf
w]/} la/] h:tf 5f]/fx¿ oxfF 5g\ . PSn} la/]n] kfpg] dfof tL ;a}df afFl8 lbP;\ .
Ps lbg t]/f] d]/f] OG5f k'/f x'g] 5 . lkmqmL gn], d csf]{ ;kgf l;h{gf u5'{ .
ul/aLnfO{ ;+;f/af6 6f9f ldNsfpF5', a'lem;\ eSt] Û ul/aLnfO{ d ldNsfO 5f8\5',
kG5fO 5f8\5' . kG5fpg] sfddf afwf dfG5] x'G5 eg] d To;sf] b':dg x'G5,
To;}l;t n8\5', /f]lsGgF . afwf a'l4 x'G5 eg] a¿ d l;NnL x'G5 . d"v{ x'G5 . kl5
x6\ltgF . ul/aLsf ;dy{s eP/ k/d]Zj/ v8f x'G5g\ eg] klg a¿ d gfl:ts x'G5',
blAbgF, g/f] eSt] Û ;+;f/sf] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5 . s;}n] /f]Sg ;St}g .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ dflysf] gf6\of+zsf cfwf/df g]kfnL ;dfhaf6 ul/aL x6fpg] ;DaGwdf
sfhLsf] ljrf/ s:tf] /x]sf] 5 < :ki6 kfg'{ xf];\ .
v_ æ;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5 . s;}n] /f]Sg ;St}gÆ . o; egfOk|lt tkfO{sf]
;xdlt of c;xdlt s] 5 < ts{ lbP/ k|ltlqmof n]Vg' xf];\ .

!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@×%Ö!)_

s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
xs{ axfb'/sf] b]z 5}g
xs{ axfb'/ xl/cf}gsf] afl;Gbf dfq klg xf]Og
pm tkfO{sf] ufpFdf ÷;x/df ÷ b]zdf klg e]l6g ;S5
lht axfb'/ klg xs{ axfb'/ xf]
eLd k|;fb klg xs{ axfb'/ xf]
xs{ axfb'/ PsnJosf] gofF ;+:s/0f xf]
;nfd Û
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ æxs{ axfb'/sf] b]z 5}gÆ eGgfsf] sf/0f s] xf] <
cf_ xs{ axfb'/ ufpF, ;x/ ;a}lt/ lsg e]l6g ;S5 <
O_ xs{ axfb'/nfO{ PsnJosf] gofF ;+:s/0f lsg elgPsf] xf]nf <

Trinity International Secondary School 96

 O{_ xs{ axfb'/nfO{ sljn] ;nfd ugf{sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
p_ o; sljtf+zsf] d"n clek|fo s] xf] <
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
æ===zª\s/ Û of] Sof, 5f]6fx¿sf] l5d]s /] Û xfdL lbbLcfdfn] eGof . oxfFsf
5f]6fx¿sf] ;ª\utn] d lalu|PF /] Sof Û To;}n] xfdL 3/ ;/]sf] . ======xf], ;fFlRr,
ca d cfpGgF . ltdL klg gcfpg] xfd|f] 3/df Û ===== pM k/ dw];df . Æ
k|Zgx¿M
c_ dflysf] syf+z s'g kf7af6 lnOPsf] xf] / o;sf n]vs sf] x'g\ <
cf_ of] egfO s;sf] xf] / s'g ;Gbe{df cfPsf] xf] <
O_ oxfF 5f]6f eg]/ s;nfO{ eGg vf]lhPsf] 5 <
O{_ o; syf+zn] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] s:tf] cj:yfnfO{ ;ª\s]t ub{5 <
p_ o; syf+zsf] d"n cfzo s] xf] <
u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M
cfn' s:tf] ldng;f/ 5 eg] ufG6f]df :jod\ ufG6] d'nfb]lv lnP/ cUnf]df
nf}sf;Dd, r'Rr]df :jod\ r'Rr] s/]nfb]lv lnP/ a'Rr]df k/a/;Dd, vfFlbPsf]df
u'Gb«'sb]lv lnP/ afFlwPsf]df s'l/nf];Dd, h];Fu h;/L ldnfO lbg' xf];\ cfn'
7\ofDd} ldln xfN5 . To;}n] wgL, ul/a, dfgL, duGt], lj4fg\, nDk'm, a'l4dfg\,
n67' ;f/fsf efG;fdf cfn'sf] ;dfg ;Ddfg 5, ;dfg k|j]z / k|lti7f 5 . o;
cy{df cfn'nfO{ ;dfhjfbL, ;dGjojfbL, ;fDojfbL tkfO{ h] gfd lbg' xf];\,
j:t'tM cfn'sf] d"n l;4fGt cfn'jfb g} xf] . hlt;'s} ;dfgtfsf] cfbz{ /fv]
klg cfk"m cfk"mdf d]n gug'{ cfn'jfbsf] ljz]iftf xf] .
k|Zgx?M
c_ cfn'nfO{ lsg ldng;f/ elgPsf] xf] <
cf_ cfn'sf] ;Ddfg lsg 5 <
O_ cfn'sf] d"n l;4fGtnfO{ lsg cfn'jfb elgPsf] xf] <
O{_ cfn'jfbsf] ljz]iftf s] xf] <
p_ o; lgaGwf+zdf k|:t't ePsf] JoªUo s;k|lt nlIft 5 <

!^= …Ps lrxfgÚ pkGof;df ci6gf/fgnfO{ ;dfh;'wf/s / qmflGtsf/L rl/qsf ¿kdf

k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . o;k|lt tkfO{sf] k|ltlqmof s] 5 < ts{ lbP/ n]Vg' xf];\ . -%_

Trinity International Secondary School 97

 NEB – 2075 (2018)
ljBfyL{x?n] ;s];Dd cfkm\g} zAbdf pQ/ lbg'kg]{5 . bfoF lsgf/fdf lbOPsf]
cª\sn] k"0ff{ª\s hgfpFb5 .
tnsf ;a} k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ .
!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ tnsf j0f{x¿nfO{ pRrf/0f k|oTg / k|f0fTjsf cfwf/df lrgfpg' xf];\ M
v, h, b, o, ; .
v_ tnsf zAbx¿sf] cIf/ ;+/rgf b]vfO{ ;ª\Vof ;d]t b]vfpg' xf];\ M
ufF;, ;fj{ef}d, ;ª\3if{zLn, Kof/f], ;+ljwfg .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M -%_
u'?n] eg] ljZjsf j}Uoflgsx? kgL cfWolTds s'/f df la:jf; u5{g
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'
xf];\ M -#_
pmPSsfl; k|Zg u/]/ dgsf] l:ylt vnaNofO lbGyL t/ d;Fu /dfpg
rfxGgyL .
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ j6f tT;d / cfuGt's zAb vf]hL
n]Vg' xf];\ M -@_
ljBfsf] ;l6{lkms]6 sf]7fsf] afs;df x'G5 . lstfasf] 1fg Psflt/ x'G5 eg]
enfbdLsf] k|df0f lj1fkgdf ;Lldt x'G5 .
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ × # Ö ^_
s_ tnsf pk;u{ / k/;u{ nufO{ Ps Ps zAb agfpg' xf];\ M
pk;u{ M c, pt\ , s'
k/;u{ M cgLo, Tj, kg
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 ltg ;d:t zAb / ltg låTj Jo'TkGg zAb vf]hL
;d:t zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{ xf];\ / låTj Jo'TkGg zAbsf] lgdf{0f k|lj|mof
b]vfpg' xf];\ M
;;fgf afnaflnsfn] cfˆgf] sfd st{Jo k'/f u/]sf 5g\ . 7'N7'nf
Clifd'lg klg jgjf; uP/ lrQz'l4df /dfPsf 5g\ . x/lbg nf]edf
km:g] dflg;n] ;dfhdf 3/}3/ 78\ofP/ s'6fs'6 lgDTofPsf] e]l6G5 .
u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 5 j6f ;lGwo'Qm zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf] ;lGw ljR5]b
ug'{ xf];\ M
pNn] dnfO{ eGof], æljb]zaf6 cfPsf ko{6sx¿ xfd|f] :jfut, ;Tsf/
tyf cfltYo kfP/ cToGt xlif{t x'Fb} :jb]z kms{G5g\ .Æ
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -%_
s_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ cfjZos ;'wf/ ;lxt k'lnª\udf kl/jt{g ug{' xf];\ M

Trinity International Secondary School 98

 u'? cfdfn] alxgLnfO{ lgoldt ljBfno cfpg' k5{ eGg' eof] . sfsLn] klg
lgoldt ¿kdf k9fO gePsf] atfpg' eof] . /fd|L s]6L emf]nf af]s]/ cfpFb}
lyO{ . lbbLn] p;sf] k9fOk|lt Wofg lbPsL lyOg\ . dfOh' / cfdf ;fdflhs
sfddf nfu]sfn] lbbLsf] e"ldsf a9]sf] lyof] .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ k|yd k'?ifdf kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
pm g]kfnL xf] . pm /f/f k'u]sL 5}g . pm slxn] ToxfF k'u"F eGg] ljrf/df 5 .
p;n] clxn];Dd ToxfF hfg] cj;/ kfPsL 5}g . pm /f/fdf k'u]/ uf}/jflGjt
x'g]5 .
&= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -^_
s_ n], nfO{, af6, åf/f, b]lv, df ljelQm nfu]sf leGg leGg sf/ssf] k|of]u
u/L ^ cf]6f jfSodf cfk"mn] b]v]sf] /Qmbfg sfo{j|mdsf] j0f{g ug'{ xf];\ .
v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bsf jfSox¿nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{ xf];\ M
ltgLx¿ ljBfyL{ xf] . ltgLx¿ sIff P3f/df k9\5] . d klg ltgLx¿;Fu}
k9\g' x'G5 . ltgLx¿ cWoogzLn 5' . ltgLx¿n] k/LIffdf w]/} cª\s
Nofpg] of]hgf agfPsL 5;\ . ltgLx¿sf] of]hgf ;kmn ag];\ .
*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ x $ Ö *_
s_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ Pp6} jfSodf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ xf];\ M
/d]z ldlxg]tL 5 . pm rnfv ljBfyL{ xf] . p;n] k/LIffdf pRr cª\s
NofPsf] 5 . p;sf] eljio pHHjn 5 .
v_ tnsf jfSox¿sf] syg kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
Zofdn] eGof], æpgLx¿ sfd ub}{gg\ .Æ d}n] cfh udL{ x'g] s'/f atfPF .
xl/n] cfk"m 1fgL ePsf] s'/f atfof] . pxfFn] eGg' eof], æcWoIfHo"
sfo{j|md cf/De ug'{ xf];\ .Æ
u_ tnsf cg'R5]bsf jfSonfO{ s/0f eP cs/0f / cs/0f eP s/0fdf
kl/jt{g ug'{ xf];\ M
8f]Ndfsf] 8fS6/ aGg] rfxgf 5 . pm ldlxg]t u/]/ k9\5] . pm;Fu k|z:t
k};f klg 5}g . k};f ;b'kof]u ug]{ ljrf/ p;Fu 5 . p;sf cfdfa'af
v';L 5g\ . pm ;w} u[xsfo{ u5]{ . p;nfO{ ;fyLx¿sf] jf:tf 5 . p;sf]
hLjg ;'vL aG5 .
(= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M -!)_
ljZj >d ahf/df 3/]n' >d Pp6f k|d'v If]q ag]sf] 5 . ljsl;t
d'n'sx¿df 3/]n' >dnfO{ pRr dxŒj lbOPsf] kfOG5 . oBlk of] Tolt
;Ddflgt k];fsf ¿kdf :yflkt x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 3/]n' >ldssf] pkl:yltn]
dlxnfx¿nfO{ 3/ aflx/sf] k];f / If]qdf ;xefuL tyf lj|mofzLn x'g] s'/fdf
ljZje/ g} of]ubfg u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df klg dlxnfnfO{ 3/
aflx/sf] pTkfbg, ;]jfd"ns k];f / cGo If]qsf] sfddf ;xefuL u/fpg
3/]n' >ldssf] ljz]if e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . olt eP/ klg :jod\ 3/]n' >ldssf

Trinity International Secondary School 99

 ¿kdf sfd ug]{ dlxnf jf k'?ifn] ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg kfPsf 5}gg\ . xfd|f]
;dfh, /fi6« tyf kl/jf/ To:tf >ldsnfO{ OHht lbg lxlRsrfpF5g\ . 3/]n'
>ldssf ;d:of cg]sf}F 5g\ .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ g]kfndf 3/]n' >dsf] ljz]if e"ldsf /xg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
v_ 3/]n' >ldsnfO{ ;Ddfgk"j{s afFRg /f]Sg] s'/f s] xf] <
u_ ljsl;t d'n's / g]kfndf 3/]n' >dsf] dxŒj lsg km/s k/]sf] xf]nf <
3_ pko'{Qm cg'R5]bsf] pko'Qm zLif{s s] xf]nf <
ª_ …lj|mofzLnÚ / …3/]n'Ú zAbsf] cy{ n]Vg' xf];\ .
!)= tnsf cg'R5]b k9L d'Vo d'Vo kfFrj6f a'Fbf l6Kg' xf];\ M -%_
k|To]s ;dfhsf cfcfˆg} d"No dfGotfx¿ / Jojxf/x¿ /x]sf x'G5g\ .
ljleGg Jojxf/dWo] dfgj hLjgnfO{ gsf/fTds c;/ kfg]{ Jojxf/nfO{
ljs[lt eGg ;lsG5 . ;dfhdf ljBdfg cg]s ljs[ltx¿dWo] Pp6f uDeL/
ljs[lt nfu' kbfy{sf] b'Jo{;g xf] . o:tf] b'Jo{;gn] g]kfnL o'jf o'jtLx¿sf]
hLjg aaf{b kfl/ /x]sf] 5 . d'n'sn] ;Ifd hgzlQm u'dfO{ /x]sf] 5 eg]
cg]s kl/jf/nfO{ si6 lbO{ /x]sf] 5 . ljleGg kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿ nfu'
kbfy{sf] s'ntdf km;]/ hLjg / d[To'sf] bf];fFwdf k'u]sf 5g\ . dlGb/, kfs{,
au}Frf, /]:6'/fF cflb ;fj{hlgs :yndf o'jf o'jtLx¿ g;fdf em'ld /x]sf
x'G5g\ . o;f] x\'g'df kl/jf/n] cfˆgf ;Gtfgsf] lj|mofsnfk tyf afgL
a]xf]/fdfly lgu/fgL ug{ g;Sg' xf] eg] csf{tkm{ k|of]ustf{ cfˆgf] hLjgk|lt
;r]t x'g g;Sg' xf] . nfu' kbfy{sf] s'ntaf6 d'Qm u/fpg ;lsPg eg]
To;n] AolQm, kl/jf/ tyf ;dfhnfO{ g} gi6 ug{ ;S5 . t;y{ ;a}n]
;fd"lxs k|oTgaf6 b'Jo{;gnfO{ alxisf/ ug]{ cj:yf lgdf{0f ug'{ k5{ .
!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\M -%_
s_ …ljB't r'xfj6Ú sf ljifodf ;DalGwt kIfsf] Wofgfsif{0f x'g] u/L uf]/vf kq
/fli6«o b}lgssf ;DkfbsnfO{ lr7L n]Vg' xf];\ .
v_ ev{/} ahf/df cfPsf] …xa{n 6LÚ jf …hl8a'6L lrofÚ sf] Jofkf/ k|jw{gsf
nflu cfsif{s lj1fkgsf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{ xf];\ .
!@= cfk"m ;+nUg ePsf] j[Iff/f]k0f sfo{j|mdsf ;a} s'/f ;d]6L !%) zAb;Ddsf]
k|ltj]bg n]Vg' xf];\ . -%_
cyjf
…jg kFm8fgL / o;sf] c;/Ú zLif{sdf !%) zAb;Ddsf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg' xf];\ .
!#= tn lbOPsf dWo] s'g} Ps zLif{sdf @%) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg' xf];\ M-!)_
s_ ;ª\3Lotf / r'gf}tL
v_ d]/f] eljiosf] of]hgf
u_ :j:y hLjg

Trinity International Secondary School 100

!$= …Ps lrxfg’ pkGof;sf] tn lbOPsf] c+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/
lbg' xf];\M -@ x % Ö !)_
lzj gf/fg uO ;s]kl5 ci6 gf/fgn] dflxnf 5f]/f k'g gf/fgnfO{ eg]
æltdL klg cfˆgf] sfddf hfpm k'g gf/fg . 3/ agfpg] sfd ca w]/} lbg
5}g, a;f{t ;'? ePkl5 3/ agfpg]x¿ sd} x'G5g\ . hfpm, dnfO{ s'l/ /xg'
kb}{g . cfˆgf] sfddf 8l6 /x' oxL ltd|f] k/d st{Jo xf] .Æ
æxft v'6\6f alnof] ePkl5 sfd eg]sf] ;w}F kfOG5 af . t/ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf
lglDt afa' ;w}F kfO{ /lxGg . afsf] ;]jf ug{ kfP kl5 To:tf sfd nfv
cfpF5g\ .Æ k'g gf/fgn] eg] .
k|Zgx¿ M
s_ dflysf] klxnf] cg'R5]bdf sfdsf] dxŒjnfO{ s;/L k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 <
v_ bf];|f] cg'R5]bdf afa'cfdfk|lt ;Gtfgsf] s] s:tf] st{Jo cf}FNofOPsf] 5 <
!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg' xf];\ M -@ x % Ö !)_
s_ tnsf] sljtf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
t/fO{ xfd|f] ;'gsf] 6'j|mf lxdfn lx/fsf]
df6f] / kfgL klxnf] wg wtL{sf 5f]/fsf]
P sxfFaf6 x]/f}nf ;+;f/ ;G‰ofn} g/x]
g]kfnL xfdL /xf}nf sxfF g]kfn} g/x] .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ t/fO{nfO{ …;'gsf] 6'j|mfÚ lsg elgPsf] xf] <
cf_ wtL{sf 5f]/f sf] x'g\ <
O_ df6f] / kfgLnfO{ wg dfGg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
O{_ xfdL g]kfnL eO /xg s] rflxG5 <
p_ pko'{Qm sljtf+zsf] d'n cfzo s] xf] <
v_ tnsf] syf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ n]Vg' xf];\ M
æltdL hfpm, s]6fs]6LnfO{ p7fpm .Æ j[li6sf] cfjfhnfO{ pl5g]/ p;n]
:jf:gLnfO{ c¥xfof] . :jf:gL uPkl5 6r{ df/]/ pm b}nf]df ple /Xof], x]l/
/Xof] =======
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ æltdL hfpm, s]6fs]6LnfO{ p7fpm .Æ s;n] s;nfO{ eg]sf] xf] <
cf_ s]6fs]6LnfO{ lsg p7fpg' k/]sf] xf] <
O_ p;n] b}nf]df pleP/ x]l/ /xg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
O{_ pko'{Qm syf+zsf] nuQ} klxn] s] ePsf] lyof] <
p_ dflysf] syf+z k|of]u ePsf] syfsf] zLif{s / syfsf/sf] gfd
n]Vg' xf];\ .

Trinity International Secondary School 101

 u_ tnsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/ lbg'
xf];\ M
cfˆg} k};fn] c¿sf] h'Qf nufP/ :j–:yfgLo afnL s'NrFb} lxF8\g 5f]8]sf 5}gf}F
xfdL . vfBfGgdf g]kfnnfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfpg ef]6, lxdfn, kxf8, dw];
t/fO{ cflb ljleGg kl/j]zsf ljljwtfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ s[lif /0fgLlt
rflxPsf] 5 .
k|Zgx¿ M
c_ pko'{Qm lgaGwf+z s'g lgaGwnfO{ lnOPsf] xf] <
cf_ …:j–:yfgLo afnL s'Nrg'Ú sf] tfTko{ v'nfpg' xf];\ .
O_ xfdLnfO{ cfTdlge{/ aGg s] rflxPsf] 5 <
p_ dflysf] lgaGwf+zsf] d"n cfzo s] xf] <
!^= …af}nfxf sfhLsf] ;kgf’ gf6ssf] af}nfxf sfhL ;fFlRrs} af}nfxf xf] t < ts{
;lxt cfˆgf] k|ltlj|mof lbg' xf];\ . -%_

Trinity International Secondary School 102

 NEB – 2076 (2019)
ljBfyL{x?n] ;s];Dd cfkm\g} zAbdf pQ/ lbg'kg]{5 . bfoF lsgf/fdf lbOPsf]
cª\sn] k"0ff{ª\s hgfpFb5 .
!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M
-s_ tnsf j0f{x¿nfO{ 3f]iTj / k|f0fTjsf cfwf/df lrgfpg'xf];M -%_
s\, h\, e\ o\ ;\ .
-v_ tnsf zAbx?sf] cIf/;+/rgf / cIf/;ª\Vof ;d]t n]Vg'xf];\M
sfF6 ;dfh 1fgjfg\ zf]if0fd"ns k~r/Tg .
@= z'4 u/L k'gn]{vg ug'{xf]; M -%_
clxn]s] vfB zª\s6 v8f ug]{ d"n sf/0f cy{jhf/ xf] P;sf] k|d'v h8 s[ifL
pkhnfO{ pmhf{df vkt ug]{ sfo{df /x]sf] 5 . xfdL eg] cfkmgf] v]tjf/L
jf+´} 5f]8\5f}<
#= tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vf°g ul/Psf kbx¿sf] zAbju{ klxrfg u/L n]Vg'xf];\M -#_
kfFr lbg ef] bfO . ltdLx? b'j} nf]Ug]:jfgL nl8xfNof}. ufO{ / afv|f ef]sef]s}
s/fpg yfn] . lahf]u x]g{ ;lsgF clg bf}/]/ cfPF. ltd|f] h:tf] 9'ª\ufsf] dg d
sxfF kfpmF<
$= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 b'O{ b'O{ cf]6f tT;d / tbej zAb¿ vf]hL n]Vg'xf];\-@_
cToGt udL{ ePsfn] 5fq5fqfx¿ 5ftf cf]9]/ ljBfno hfFb} 5g\ . pgLx¿sf
xftdf kfFr kfFrcf]6f k':ts ;d]t 5g\.
%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M -@×^Ö!@_
-s_ tn lbOPsf pk;u{ / k|Too nfufO{ Ps zAb agfpg'xf]; \ .
pk;u{ M cg ;' b';\ .
k|Too M O{ cs PnL .
-v_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 tLg ;d:t zAb / tLg låTj Jo'TkGg zAb vf]nL
;d:t zAbnfO{ lju|x ug'{xf];\ / låTj Jo'TkGg zAbsf]–lgdf{0f k|lqmof
b]vfpg''xf];\ M
cf–cfkm\gf] If]qdf st{Jolgi7 eP/ ;dlk{t g/gf/Ln] g} hLjgkydf
;kmntfsf l;F9Lx? km6fkm6 r9\g ;St5g\. e}emu8f / snx;nxdf
knkn v]/ kmfNg]x¿n] c?nfO{ k/]sf a]ndf d/d2tsf dfWodaf6
k/f]ksf/ ug{ Pjd\ cfzLj{rgsf] k~rfd[t kfg ug{ ;St}gg\.

Trinity International Secondary School 103

 -u_ tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 5cf]6f ;lGwo'Qm zAb klxrfg u/L ltgsf]
;lGwljR5]b ug'{xf];\ M
lbg/ft sfd ubf{ klg ;"of]{bo / ;"of{:tkl5 eft;ft vfg gkfP/
kLtfDa/, hubLz / rqmkfl0fn] 3/ 3/ 8'n]/ dfUb} u/]sf] b]Vtf cToGt
kL8f eof} . o:tf] ljifd,ljs6 / sxfnLnfUbf] b'/j:yfsf] cGTo ug{
nflukg'{ xfdL ;a}sf] st{Jo xf]. ;fdflhs cJoj:yf ;DemFbf d]/f] t
vfFbf vfFb}sf] vfgf;fgf klg d'vdf guO{ xft}df cl8G5.
^= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M -%_
-s_ tnsf cg'R5]bdf lbOPsf k'lnËL jfSox¿nfO{ 9ffrf;d]t ldnfO{
:qLlnËdf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ M
d]/f a'af cfh ahf/ hfg'ePsf] 5 . efOn] cfkm"nfO{ vfg] s'/f dufPsf]
5 . sfsfn] v]t vGg] ;fdfg lnP/ cfpg eGg'eof] . legfh' cfh g}
xfd|f] 3/ cfpFb} x'g'x'G5 . a]n'sf xh'/a'af;Fu klg e6]/ /fdpg kfOG5.
-v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf lbOPsf jfSox¿nfO{ jfSo 9fFrf;d]t ldnfO{
cf1fy{df kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\ M
lrdL lgolet sn[h hfG5f} . ltdLn] k9fO g} hLjgsf] Hof]lt xf] eGg]
a'em]sf 5f} . ltdLn] cfkmgf] Jojxf/ klg ;'wf/]sf 5f} . ltdLx¿sf]
ljrf/nfO{ ;Ddfg u5f}{ . ltdL eljiodf c;n dfG5] aGg]5f}.
&= s'g} k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\M -^_
-s_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf /]vfª\sg ul/Psf kbx?sf] sf/s klxrfg u/L
n]Vg'xf];\M
k|tfkn] s}FrLn] l/jg sf6\of] . bfOn] p;nfO{ d'lQmgfy af6 pgLsf n'uf
NofOlbg' ePsf] 5 . p;n] cfkm\gf lstfax? b/fhdf /fv]sf] 5 .
cfdfn] p;nfO{ klqsf k9\g nufpg'eof]. a'afn] cf/gaf6 lgsfn]sf]
sf]bfnLn] af/L vGg'eof] / pxfFx¿ cfkm\gf] OHhtsf nflu ;hu x'g'x'G5.
-v_ tnsf] cg'R5]bdf jfSox?nfO{ ;ª\ult ldnfO{ k'gn]{vg ug'{xf];\
d lxhf] 3/af6 cfof]. cfdfn] d]/f nflu tfhf t/sf/L k7fOlbPsf] 5 .
cfdf dnfO{ c;fWo} dfof u5{. d klg cfdfnfO{ w]/} ;Ddfg u5f}F .
cfdf;Fu d]/f] alxgL klg a:5. alxgL clxn] bz sIffdf k9\5'.
*= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];M -@×$Ö*_
-s_ tnsf cf7cf]6f ;/n jfSonfO{ rf/cf]6f hl6n jfSodf kl/jt{g
ug'{xf];\M

Trinity International Secondary School 104

 g]kfnLx¿ Odfgbf/ 5g\ . of] s'/f ljb]zLx? eGb5g\ . tkfO{ c¿af6
/fd|f] Jojxf/ rfxg'x'G5 . tkfO{ c?nfO{ To:tf] Jojxf/ ug'{xf];\ . dnfO{
d]/f] b]zdf /f]huf/L kfOg] jftfj/0f rflxPsf] 5 . d]/f] b]zsf] pGgltdf
g} d]/f] eljio n's]s]f 5 . xfd|f ;kgf ;femf x'g'kb{5 . xfd|f ;kgf
;fsf/ kfg{ ;Dej 5 .
-v_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ jfSo 9fFrf;d]t jfRo kl/jt{g ug'{xf];M
xl/ ljBfno hfFb} 5 . pm ljBfnodf a;jf6 k'U5 . ljBfnon] pTs[i6
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ k'/:sf/ lbG5 . xl/sf a'afcfdf klg v';L x'g'x'G5 .
p;n] /fd|/L k9]sf] 5 . p;n] gofF lstfa sfkL / snd lsg]sf] 5 . pm
k|tfknfO{ ;d]t ;xof]u u5{ . pm k/f]ksf/df /dfpF5 .
-u_ tnsf jfSox¿nfO{ k|ToIf sygdf kl/jt{g ug'{xf];\M
– u'?n] s]bf/gfy cg'zfl;t ljBfyL{ xf] eg]/ eGg'eof].
– ljågx¿ dflg;df dfgjtfs} sdL x'Fb} uPsf] wf/0ff JoSt ub{5g\.
– 3dG8L dflg;x¿ cToGt} qm"/ x'G5g\ egL xh'/a'afn] eGg'eof].
– b]zljsf;df nfUg'kg]{ ljrf/ u'?n] JoSt ug'{eof].
(= tnsf] cg'R5]b k9L cGTodf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf] 5f]6f] pQ/ lbg'xf]; \M -!)_
lj1fgsf] /f]rs / ;j]{fkof]uL rdTsf/ xfdL lah'nL x]/]/ cg'ej ug{ ;S5f}F.
lah'nLdf tLg lsl;dsf ljB'tLo sf0fx¿ x'G5g\— C0ffTds s0f, wgfTds
s0f / t6:y s0f logs} ;+of]hssf] j}1flgs tfnd]]naf6 ljB't\ phf{
pTkfbg x'G5 . ljB't phf{sf] pkof]u h:tf];'s} sfdsf nflu klg ul/G5 .
aQL afNg, tfk k}bf u/L ljleGg sfddf pkof]u ug{, /]lk|mh]/]6/sf] ;xof]un]
s'g} j:t' lr:ofpg , tfGg , 7]Ng, prfNg , k5fg{–h] ug{ klg ljB't\
zlQmsf] pkof]u ul/G5 . /]l8of] , l6le , 6]lnkmf]gnufot ljleGg ;~rf/
pks/0fdf ;d]t ljB't\ zlQmsf] pkof]u x'g] ub{5 . o;sf] pkef]u
lbgfg'lbg a9\b} 5 . of] cTofjZos pkef]Uo j:t'sf ?kdf lrlgg yfn]sf] 5
/ k|of]udf cfO/x]sf] 5 . t/ xfd|f] b]zdf k'FhL / k|fljlws 1fgsf] Go"gtfsf
sf/0f ljB't\ pTkfbgsf] 7'nf] ;Defjgf eP klg kof{Kt lah'nL pTkfbg ug{
;lsPsf] 5}g . x'g t k'FhL / k|fljlws 1fgsf] ckof{Kttf eg]/ k"/} klG5g]
cj:yfrflxF 5}g . b]zsf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tf / ljsf;k|ltsf] k|lta4tfsf]
sdLNffO{ klg c+zt M lhDd]jf/ sf/0f dfGg'kg]{ x'G5 . tL klg ljb]zL ;xof]u
/ s[kfdf ag]sf 5g\ . cfkm\g} k'FhL , k|ljlw l;k / hgzlQmsf] pkof]u u/]/
hnljB't\ cfof]hgf tof/ ug]{ xf] eg] lgZro g} To;af6 w]/} nfe x'G5 .
k|Zgx?M
-s_ ljB't\ pmhf{ s;/L pTkfbg x'G5 <

Trinity International Secondary School 105

 -v_ ljB't\ phf{sf] s'g s'g sfddf ug]{ ul/Psf] 5<
-u_ g]kfndf kof{Kt lah'nL pTkfbg ug{ g;Sg'sf] sf/0f s] xf]<
-3_ pko'{St cg'R5]bsf nflu pko'St zLif{s s] x'g ;Snf<
-ª_ k|lta4tf / pkef]Uo j:t' kb–kbjnLsf] cy{ n]Vg'xf];\.
!)= tnsf] cg'R5]baf6 d'Vo s'/f g5'6fO{ kfFrcf]6f a'Fbf l6Kg'xf]; \M -%_
k[YjLsf] pRklQ sl/a $ ca{ %) s/f]8 jif{clu ePsf] cg'dfg ul/G5 eg]
k[YjLdf klxnf] hLjsf] pTklQ ePsf] sl/a # ca{ %) s/f]8 jif{ clu ePsf]
dflgG5 . k[YjLd klxnf] hLjsf] pTklQ ePsf] sl/j !) s/f]8 jif{kl5 xl/t
s0f cyf{t\ Snf]/f]lkmn eGg] /ªb|Jo -lkUd]G6_ o'St Ps sf]ifLo hLjsf] ljsf;
eof] . o;}nfo{ xfdL jg:klt eG5f} . log} xl/t s0fn] ubf{ jg:klt xl/of]
/ªsf ePsf x'g\ . xl/t s0fsf] d2taf6 jg:kltn] kmf]6f]l;Gy]l;; elgg]
h}ljs k|lqmofå/f ;f}o phf{nfO{ dflg; nufot k[YjLsf ;Dk"0f{ k|f0fLsf]
cl:tTj cGttM jg:klt / ltgdf lglxt kmf]6f]l;Gy]l;; k|lqmofdf e/ k5{ .
;doqmddf Ps sf]ifLo xl/t s0fo'St ePsf] xf] . ;a} k|sf/sf jg:kltdWo]
km'n km'Ng] hftsf] jg:kltsf] ljsf; ePsf] xf] . ;a} k|sf/sf jg:kltdWo]
km'n km'Ng] hftsf] jg:klt ;j}eGbf ljsl;t , 7"nf] / k|wfg ;d"xleq kb{5
. of] neu !@ s/]8 jif{ b]lv k/]sf] lyof] .
!!= s'g} Ps k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf];\ M -%_
-s_ cfkm\gf] 6f]n ,a:tLdf vfg]kfgLsf] plrt k|a\Gw x'g g;Sbf To;af6
pTkGg ;d:ofk|lt ;Da4 kIfsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} uf]/vfkq /fli6«o
b}lgs klqsfsf ;DkfbsnfO{ lr7L n]Vg'xf];.
-v_ g]kfndf ;~rfng x'g nfu]]sf] kfgL hxfhsf] k|rf/–k|;f/ nflu ;Dalwt
sfof{non] ug]{ lj1fkgsf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{xf];\.
!@= cfkm\gf] ljBfnon] cfof]hgf u/]sf] /Stbfg sfo{qmdsf ;a} s'/f ;d]6L !%)
zAb;Ddsf] k|ltj]bgsf] gd'gf tof/ kfg'{xf];\. -%_
-dfgf} M tkfO{sf] gfd tf/f xf] / tkfO{sf] ljBfnosf] gfd hg;]jf
df=lj=k|ultgu/ xf]._
cyjf
o'jk':tfdf a9\bf] km];a'sf] k|of]u / o;sf] c;/ ljifodf !%) zAb;Ddsf]
l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf];\.
!#= tn lbOPsf] dWo] s'g} Ps ljifodf @%) zAb;Ddsf] lgaGw n]Vg'xf];\M -!)_
-s_ d / d]/f] b]z
-v_ g]kfndf ko{6g

Trinity International Secondary School 106

 -u_ zflGt / ljsf;
!$= …Ps lrxfg… pkGof;sf] tn lbOPsf[ c+z k9L cGTodf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx¿sf]
pQ/ lbg'xf];\. -!)_
lzjgf/fgn] Ps xKtfleq} gfgLys'FnfO{ Pp6f ;'of]Uo j/ km]nf klg kf/] .
b'nfxf x'g] s]6f] Dofl6«s kf; klg ePsf] , Pp6f df}hfsf] lhldbf/ klg, pd]/
ldNbf] g} lyof] . ;aeGbf xif{sf] s'/f cfkm\gf afa' ci6gf/fg / cfkm"x?sf]
klg ljrf/ / l;4fGt cg';f/ s]6f] dw];L lyof]. k|foM rflxFbf u'gx¿n]
kl/k"0f{ ePsf] dw];L s]6f] kfPsf] / cfkm\gf] / t/fO{sf dw];L hfltl;t
j}jlxs ;DaGw hf]l8g k'Ug] s'/fn] lzjgf/fg rf}k§} ;Gt'i6 / k|km'lNnt eP.
g]jf/ , kj{t] , dw];L oL tLg} hflt / ;+:s[ltsf] d]n emg\ cfkm\g} 3/df x'g
nfu]sf]df lzjgf/fg cToflws v';L eP lsgeg] of] tLg hflt / ;+:s[ltsf]
;dGjo jf :yfkgf geOsg g]kfnsf] pGglt x'Fb} x'Fb}g eGg] pgnfO{ ljZjf;
lyof].
k|Zgx¿ M
-s_ gfgLy's'Fsf] ljjfxsf] ;Gbe{df lzjgf/fg v';L x'g'sf sf/0fx? s] s]
x'g\< rrf{ ug'{xf];
-v_ g]jf/ , kj{t] / dw];L oL tLg hflt / ;+:s[ltsf] ;dGjo geO{sg
g]kfnsf] pGglt x'Fb} xF'b}g eGg] efgO;Fu tkfOsf] ;xdlt s] 5 <
k|ltlqof n]Vg'xf]; .
!%= s'g} b'O{ k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; M -@×%Ö!)_
-s_ tnsf] lsljtf+z k9L cGTodf ;f]lwPsf k|Zgsf] Ps , b'O{ jfSodf pQ/
lbg'xf]; M
cfsfz 5'g] 6fs'/f xfd|f] e]6]/ el6Gg
kf}/vL xfd|f k'vf{sf] kfOnf d]6]/ d]l6Gg
laD´f}Fnf sxfF k'j{sf] k}nf] pHofnf} g/x]
g]kfnL xfdL /xfF}nf sfxfF g]kfn} g/x].
k|Zgx¿M
-c_ cfsfz 5'g] 6fs'/fn] s] nfO{ ;ª\s]t ub{5 <
-cf_ k'vf{sf] kfOnf lsg d]l6Gg<
-O_ k"j{sf] klxnf] pHofnf]n] s'g s'/fsf] af]w u/fpF5 <
-O{_ g]kfn g/x] xfdL g]kfnL lsg /xFb}gf}<
-p_ o; sljtf+zsf] d"n efj s] xf]<

Trinity International Secondary School 107

 -v_ tn lbOPsf] syf+z k9L cGTodf ;f]lwPsf] k|Zgx¿sf] Ps , b'O{ jfSodf
pQ/ n]Vg'xf];\ M
cfkb\ ljkb\ hxfF klg 5 . xf] , x'/Ln] lauf¥of] t/ ca ;a} l7s
agfOxfN5f}F . s'g} g;lsg] sfd xf]Og Tolt ug{ . cfkm\gf] 3/ 5, uf]7 5,
uf]7df ufO{x¿ 5g\ af/L 5 af/Ldf tL; rfln; em\ofª afF;x¿ 5g\
uu'g / g]ef/sf ?vx¿ 5g\ sfFqmf sf] nx/f cfsfzlt/ hfFb}5 ======
x'/Ln] slt kf] laufg{ ;S5 / < O M ca uP/ agfOxfNg'k5{ .
k|Zgx?M
-c_ of] c+z s'g syfaf6 lnOPsf] xf] / o;sf n]vs sf] x'g\<
-cf_ of] efgO{ s;sf] xf]<
-O_ cfkb\ ljkb\ hxfF klg 5 eGg'sf] tfTko{ s] xf]<
-O{_ o; egfOdf s]–s:tf] b[li6sf]0f k|:t't ePsf] 5 M
-p_ of] egfO s'g ;Gbedf cfPsf] xf] <
-u_ tn lbOPsf] lgaGwf+z k9L ;f]lwPsf k|Zgx?sf] Ps, b'O{ jfSodf pQ/
n]Vg'xf];\ M
ljBfsf] ;l6{lkms]6 sf]7fsf] afs;df x'G5 . enfbdLsf] k|df0f–kq ;w}F
p;sf z/L/ pk/ lj1fkg hfx]/L ub{5 . kf];fs dfq klxnf kf; xf] .
To;df klg /];dL ?dfnsf] km"nbf/ kmsfO{ / 6f]kLsf] ssf{On] klxnf]
>]0fLdf pQL0f{ epsf] hgfpF5 . skfnsf]] 5fF6 / h'Fufsf] s76fOn] bf;|f]
k/LIffsf] kl/ro lbG5 . km]l/ cfFvLef}Fsf] dl;gf 8f]/fn] , cf]7 / ufnfsf]
lkmSsf xn'sf nfnLsf] ;':t r9fOn] pQd >]0fL hgfpF5 . ;asf] lzv/
Pp6f ;f}Gbo{jw{s sf]7L / cQ/sf] x/x/fpFbf] v';a'n] ;8sdf
lxF8\g]x?sf] gfs / gh/df cfqmd0f u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 . o;df klg
ljlzi6tf lxF8fOsf] snf nRsfO xfpefp , xf:o / af]nLdf lge{/
/xG5 .
k|Zgx¿M
-c_ ljBfsf] ;l6{lkms]6 sf]7fsf] afs;df x'G5 eGg'sf] clek|fo s] xf] <
-cf_ o; lgaGwf+zdf s:tf] >]0fLsf] enfbdL s;nfO{ dfg]sf 5g\ <
-O_ enfbdLsf] ljlzi6tf s] s'/faf6 yfxf kfOG5 <
-O{_ enfbdLsf] kl/ro s] xf] <
-p_ o; lgaGwf+zsf] d\n cfzo s] xf] <

Trinity International Secondary School 108

!^= ;+;f/n] Ps lbg ;'vL x'g' 5 , s;}n] /f]Sg ;Sb}g eGg] egfOk|lt tkfO{
;xdt of c;xdt s] x'g'x'G5 < af}nfxf sfhLsf] ;kgf gf6ssf cfwf/df
k|ltlqmof n]Vg'xf];\ . -%_

Trinity International Secondary School 109

 Model Questions – 2078 (2021)
Subject: Physics (210) Full Marks: 75
Time: 3 hrs. Pass Marks: 27
Set A
Candidates are required to give answers in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all questions.
All answers of Numerical problems should be expressed in SI system.
1. Attempt any four questions. [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Two wires, one of copper and other of iron, have the same diameter
and carry the same current. In which wire will the drift velocity of
electrons be more?
(b) Differentiate between a fuse wire and a heating wire.
(c) Why are the pole-pieces of magnets cut into cylindrical form in a
moving coil meter?
(d) Why does a transformer not transform dc voltage?
(e) Explain why two parallel wires carrying current in the opposite
direction repel each other?
(f) 220V a.c. is more dangerous than 220V d.c, why?
2. Attempt any four questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Cathode rays cannot be regarded as electromagnetic waves. Why?
(b) How is conductivity of a semiconductor changes in the presence of
impurities?
(c) Distinguish between stimulated emission and spontaneous emission.
(d) Define the terms 'Unit Cell' and 'Space Lattice'.
(e) What particles do the u u d combination produce?
(f) What are renewable sources of energy?
3. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]
(a) Can sound waves be polarized? Explain.
(b) If you are walking on the moon surface, you can not hear the
cracking sound behind you? Explain.
4. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]
(a) Can two independent sources of light produce interference?

Trinity International Secondary School 110

 (b) What is diffraction of light? How does it differ from interference of
light?
Group 'B'
5. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) State Biot and Savart law and use it to obtain an expression for the
magnetic field at the centre of the circular coil.
(b) State and explain Lenz law.
(c) What is the principle of potentiometer? Describe a method to
compare the emf of two cells.
(d) State Faraday’s law of electrolysis. How is it verified
experimentally?
6. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) State the radioactive disintegration. Derive a relation between half-
life and decay constant.
(b) Discuss the physical principles involved in Milikan's oil drop to
determine the value of the charge associated with an electron.
(c) What is a junction diode? Explain full wave rectification produced by
a rectifier circuit with a filter circuit.
(d) What are Bohr's postulates of Hydrogen atom? Derive an expression
for the energy of an electron in nth Bohr's orbit.
7. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]
(a) Derive an equation of progressive wave in a medium.
(b) Discuss the effect of pressure, temperature and density of elastic
medium on velocity of sound.
8. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]
(a) Use the Huygen's principle to show that a plane wave front incident
obliquely on a plane mirror is reflected as a plane wave front so that the
angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
(b) Describe Foucault's method of determining the speed of light.
Group 'C'
9. Attempt any two questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) The resistance of the coil of a pivoted-coil galvanometer is 5Ω and a
current of 0.025 A causes it to deflect full scale. We want to convert
this galvanometer to an ammeter reading 10A full-scale. What is the
value of shunt?
(b) Find the emf induced in volt in a straight conductor of length 20 cm,
on the armature of a dynamo and 10 cm far from the axis when the

Trinity International Secondary School 111

 conductor is moving in a uniform radial field of 0.5 T and the
armature is rotating at 1000 rev/min.
(c) A standard cell of 1.02 V, when used in a meter long slide wire
potentiometer balances at 60 cm. If a cell of emf E is balanced by 80
cm length, what is the value of E?

10. Attempt any two questions. [4 × 2 = 8]

(a) same surface is illuminated with light of frequency 6.6×1014 Hz, the
maximum energy if the electrons emitted is 2.0×10 -19 J. Use this data
to calculate a value of the Planck's constant.
(b) X-ray beam of wavelength 2.9 Ǻ is diffracted from the plane of cubic
crystal. The first order diffraction is obtained at angle 35°. Calculate
the spacing between the planes.
(c) The energy liberated in the fission of a single Uranium -235 atom is
3.2×10-11 J. Calculate the power production corresponding to the
fission of 1 kg of uranium per day. (Avogadro constant = 6.0×1023
mole-1)
11. A source of sound of frequency 550 Hz emits waves of wavelength 600
mm in air at 20ºC. What is the velocity of sound in air at this
temperature? What would be the wavelength of the sound from the
source in air at 0ºC? (velocity of sound at 00C = 332m/sec) [4]
12. In Michelson's rotating prism method the distance between the rotating
prism and the distant mirror is measured to be 45 km. A minimum speed
of 416.7 rev/sec for the rotation of prism is needed to view the source in
the same position as when the prism is at rest. Calculate the speed of
light. [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 112

 Set B

Attempt all questions.

All answers of Numerical problems should be expressed in SI system.
1. Attempt any four questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Is terminal potential difference of a cell is greater than its emf?
(b) A voltmeter is always connected parallel to a resistor. Why?
(c) Fluorescent tube often uses an inductor to limit the current through the
tube. Why is it better to use inductor than a resistor for this purpose?
(d) Mention two types of loss in a transformer.
(e) What are the factors on which thermo emf depend?
(f) State Ampere’s law.
2. Attempt any four questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) How Paschen series is originated in Hydrogen spectra?
(b) What is meant by space lattice of a crystal?
(c) What do you mean by hole in the semiconductor?
(d) Define mass defect and packing fraction of a nucleus.
(e) If an electron and a proton have the same kinetic energy, which one
has greater de Broglie wavelength?
(f) What are cosmic rays?
3. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]
(a) Is velocity of sound more in moist air or in dry air? Explain.
(b) Why is an end correction necessary for an organ pipe?
4. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]
(a) Differentiate between a plane wave front and a spherical wavefront?
(b) Why have the two sources of light to be close to each other for the
production of good interference pattern?

Group 'B'
5. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) Define rms value of alternating current. Derive an expression for it.
(b) State Joule’s law of heating and verify it experimentally.
(c) Obtain the torque on a rectangular coil in a non-radial magnetic field.
(d) Discuss the mechanism of metallic conduction. Derive a relation for
current in terms of drift velocity.

Trinity International Secondary School 113

6. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) Describe an experiment to determine the specific charge of an
electron.
(b) Derive Bragg's law and explain how this law determines the crystal
plane spacing.
(c) Write down Einstein's photoelectric equation and describe an
experiment to verify it.
(d) Distinguish between nuclear fission and fusion reaction with
examples.

7. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]

(a) State the laws of transverse vibrations of string. Using only
dimensions, show that the speed of propagation of a transverse wave
depends only on tension and mass per unit length.
(b) Describe the Newton's expression for the velocity of sound in a gas
with Laplace correction.
8. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]
(a) Define Huygen's principle and prove Snell's law by the help of wave
theory of light.
(b) Distinguish between a plane polarized and unpolarized light. Show
that tanθp= μ, where the symbols have their usual meanings.

Group 'C'
9. Attempt any two questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Find the current flowing through the 1Ω resistance of the following
circuit.
1Ω

2Ω 2Ω
10Ω
20V
2Ω 2Ω

(b) A circular metal disc of area 3.0 × 10-3 m2 is rotated at 50revs-1 about
an axis through its centre perpendicular to its plane. The disc is in a
uniform magnetic field of flux density 5.0 × 10 -3 T in the direction
of the axis. What is the value of induced e.m.f.?

Trinity International Secondary School 114

 (c) The maximum capacitance of a variable capacitor is 33  F. What
should be the self inductance of a inductor that is to be connected to
this capacitor for the natural frequency of the LC circuit to be 810
KHz corresponding to A.M. broadcast band of Radio Nepal?

10. Attempt any two questions. [4 × 2 = 8]

-15
(a) An oil drop of mass 3.25 × 10 kg falls vertically with uniform
velocity through the air between vertical parallel plates which are 2
cm apart. When a pd of 1000V is applied to the plates the drop moves
to the positively charged plate, being inclined at 45° to the vertical.
Calculate the charge on the drop.
(b) An electron of energy 20 eV comes into collision with a hydrogen
atom in its ground state. The atom is excited into a higher state and
the electron is scattered with reduced velocity. The atom
subsequently returns to its ground state with the emission of a photon
wavelength 1.216×10-7 m. Determine the velocity of the scattered
electron. (Mass of electron = 9.1× 10 -31 kg)
(c) The unstable isotope of Potassium -40 has a half life of 2.4×108
years. How many decays occur per second in a sample containing
2×10-6 gm of Potassium -40?

11. The locomotive of a train approaching a tunnel in a cliff-face at 95 km/hr

is sounding a whistle of frequency 1000 Hz. What will be the apparent
frequency of echo from the cliff-face heard by the driver? What would be
the apparent frequency of the echo if the train were emerging from the
tunnel at the same speed? [4]

12. In a young's slits experiment, the centress of the double slits are 0.25mm
apart and the wavelength of the light used is 6.0 × 10 -4mm. Calculate the
angle θ subtended at the slits by adjacent maxima of the fringe pattern.[4]

Trinity International Secondary School 115

 Set C

Attempt all questions.

All answers of Numerical problems should be expressed in SI system.
1. Attempt any four questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Distinguish between Ohmic and non-Ohmic conductor.
(b) An ammeter is always connected in series to a resistor. Why?
(c) Define one Faraday.
(d) What is meant by Lorentz force?
(e) What is the basic difference between electric lines of force and
magnetic lines of force?
(f) Define eddy current and mention its two uses.

2. Attempt any four questions [2 × 4 = 8]

(a) How is it possible to rectify alternating current?
(b) Can aluminum be used as a target in X-rays tube?
(c) State and explain uncertainty principle.
(d) What do you mean by radiation hazard? What are their safty
measures?
(e) There is no electric discharge at very low pressure. Why?
(f) Distinguish between isotopes and isobar?

3. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]

(a) How can one recognize a friend from his voice without seeing
him/her?
(b) What is the minimum distance between a source of sound and
reflector to hear an echo?

4. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]

(a) What happens to the Frounhofer single slit diffraction pattern when
whole apparatus is immersed into water?
(b) What are the conditions of constructive and destructive interferences?

Group 'B'
5. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) Describe the Wheatstone bridge circuit and deduce its balanced
condition by using Kirchhoff’s law.
(b) What are resistance and resistivity of a substance? Derive an
expression for the equivalent resistance when three resistances are
connected in series.

Trinity International Secondary School 116

 (c) State Ampere’s law and derive an expression for the magnetic field
at a near by point of a straight conductor.
(d) Find an expression for impedence of an a.c. circuit containing a
resistance and a capacitor in series. Also discuss the phase relation of
current and e.m.f. in that circuit.

6. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]

a) What is radioactivity? Obtain its exponential decay law and hence
derive an expression for half-life period.
b) Prove that the path followed by an electron in an electric field is
parabolic in nature when it enters perpendiculat to the field.
c) How is an N-P-N transistor formed? Discuss the input and output
characteristics of the transistor in CE configuration.
d) What are fundamental particles? How are they classified? Write the
properties of lepton and quarks.

7. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]

(a) Two waves of equal frequency and amplitude travel in opposite
direction in a medium. (a) Why is the resultant wave called
stationary? (b) Explain briefly using superposition principle why
nodes and antinodes of displacement are obtained in a stationary
wave.
(b) Explain how beats are produced by two notes sounding together and
obtain an expression for the number of beats heard per second.
8. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]
(a) Describe the necessary theory for the determination of wavelength of
sodium light using Newton's ring method.
(b) Describe the Michelson method for the determination of speed of
light.

Group 'C'
9. Attempt any two questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) A 90V battery has internal resistance of 8.23Ω. What is the reading
of a voltmeter having resistance of 425 Ω when placed across the
resistor of resistance of 30Ω.
(b) In a copper plating experiment 6.35g of copper is deposited in one
and half hours. An ammeter connected in series records a current of
3.5A. Calculate the error in ammeter reading.(F = 96500C/mol and
atomic mass of copper = 63.5g)
(c) A transformer has 5400 turns in the primary coil and 100 turns in the
secondary coil. What is the output voltage if the input voltage is
4000 volts? If the transformer is assumed to have an efficiency of

Trinity International Secondary School 117

 100%, what primary current is required to draw 2000 watts from the
secondary?
10. Attempt any two questions. [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) A beam of proton is accelerated from rest through a p.d of 2000V
and then enters a uniform magnetic field which is perpendicular
to the direction of the proton beam. If the flux density is 0.4 T,
calculate the radius of the path which the beam describes. (proton
mass = 1.7×10-27 kg, electronic charge = 1.6×10-19C)
(b) The photoelectric work function of potassium is 2eV and surface
is illuminated with radiation of wavelength 350 nm. What
potential difference has to be applied between a potassium
surface and the collecting electrode in order just to prevent
collection of electrons? What would be the kinetic energy of the
electrons?
(c) Calculate the Q-value of the reaction and mention its type
(endothermic or exothermic) given below
O17 (p, ) N14
mass of 8 O  17.00450 amu
17

mass of 1 H
1
 1.00814 amu
mass of 7 N  14.00783 amu
14

mass of 2 He
4
 4.00377 amu
11. A piano string 1.5 m long is made of steel of density 7.7 x 10 3 kg m-3 and
Young's modulus 2 x 1011 Nm-2. It is maintained at a tension which
produced an elastic strain of 1% in the string. What is the fundamental
frequency of transverse vibration of the string? [4]

12. A diffraction grating has 400 lines per mm and is illuminated normally by
monochromatic light of wavelength 6 x 10 -7 m. Calculate (a) the grating
spacing. (b) the angle at which the first principal order maximum is seen.
(c) the number of diffraction maxima obtained. [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 118

 Set D
Attempt all questions.
All answers of Numerical problems should be expressed in SI system.
1. Attempt any four questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Why does a voltameter measure current more accurately than an
ammeter?
(b) Sb-Bi thermocouple is preferable than Cu-Fe thermocouple. Why?
(c) On what principles do Kirchoff’s laws depend?
(d) What do you mean by magnetic domain?
(e) Define one ampere.
(f) Hall voltage is much more measurable in semiconductor than in
metals. Why?

2. Attempt any four questions [2 × 4 = 8]

(a) The base region of a transistor is made very thin as compared with
emitter and collector regions. Why?
(b) Differentiate between excitation potential and ionization potential.
(c) Why do we use clock oil in Millikan’s type experiment rather than
water?
(d) Calculate the speed of particle if the mass of it is equal to 5 times its
rest mass.
(e) Define decay constant.
(f) What is noise pollution?

3. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]

(a) Why is the roaring of lion different from the sound of mosquito?
(b) Relate the fundamental note with overtones for an open pipe.

4. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]

(a) Diffraction grating is better than a two-slit set up for measuring the
wave length of a monochromatic light. Explain.
(b) What change occurs in the energy and frequency of the wave when
light wave enters into glass from air?

Trinity International Secondary School 119

 Group 'B'
5. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) What is the principle of potentiometer? Describe a method to
calculate the internal resistance of a cell.
(b) What is a galvanometer? How would you convert it into an
ammeter?
(c) State Biot-Savart law and derive an expression for the magnetic field
at a near by point of a straight conductor.
(d) Derive an expression for the induced emf across a rotating coil in a
region of magnetic field.

6. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]

(a) Show that the motion of electron in a magnetic field is circular. Prove
that the frequency and time period of electron are independent to the
velocity of the electron.
(b) What are X-rays? Confirm with an experiment to verify the wave
nature of X-rays.
(c) Explain the characteristics of a diode and discuss its application as a
half wave rectifier.
(d) Name the different types of galaxies you know. Describe the Milky
Way galaxy.

7. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]

(a) What is Doppler's effect? Derive the change in frequency when a
observer moves towards a stationary source.
(b) Describe the natural modes of vibration of the air in an organ pipe
closed at one end and explain what is meant by the term end
correction.

8. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]

(a) Deduce an expression for the fringe width in the interference pattern
and show that the dark and bright fringes are equally spaced.
(b) What is Brewster's law? Show that reflected rays and refracted rays
are perpendicular to each other when the light is incident at
polarizing angle.

Trinity International Secondary School 120

 Group 'C'
9. Attempt any two questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) A step down transformer transforms a supply line voltage 220 volts
into 100 Volts. Primary coil has 500 turns. The efficiency and
power transmitted but the transformer are 80% and 80 kW. Find
a. the number of turns in the secondary coil
b. power supplied
(b) Assuming the Faraday’s constant is 96500C/mol, calculate (i) the
charge needed to deposit 1.6g of oxygen in electrolysis of water (ii)
the time required if a steady current of 2A is used and (iii) the mass
of hydrogen deposited at the end of this time. (Relative molecular
mass of hydrogen and oxygen are 2 and 32 respectively)
(c) A constant A.C. supply is connected to a series circuit consisting of
resistance of 300 Ohm in series with a capacitance 6.67 mF, the
3000
frequency of the supply being Hz. It is desired to reduce the
2
current in the circuit to half of its value. Show how this could be
done by placing an additional resistance.

10. Attempt any two questions. [4 × 2 = 8]

(a) Calculate the p.d. in volt necessary to be maintained between two
horizontal conducting plates, one 5 mm above the other, so that a
small oil drop of mass 1.3×10 -14 kg with two electrons attached to
it remains in equilibrium. (g = 9.8ms-2, charge of electron =
1.6×10-19C)
(b) A UV light of 400nm strikes a cesium surface of work function
1.9 eV. Find the velocity of electron emitted from the cesium
surface me = 9.1 × 10-31 kg c = 3×108 m/s h. =6.62×10-34Js.
(c) Obtain the de-Borglie wave length of the electron having the
kinetic energy of 3600 eV. (mass of electron = 9.1×10-31 kg,
Electronic charge = 1.6×10-19 C, h=6.62×10-34Js).

11. Stationary waves are set up by the superposition of two waves given by
y1 = 0.05 sin (5πt - x) and y2 = 0.05 sin (5πt + x) where x and y are in
meters and t in seconds. Find the displacement of a particle situated at x
= 1 m. [4]

12. In Foucault's method, the distance between rotating mirror and fixed
mirror is 20 m and the distance between the rotating mirror and the lens is
6 m. The source of light is placed at a distance of 210 cm from the lens.
When the mirror is rotated at a speed of 258 revolutions per second, the
image shifts by 0.7 mm. Calculate the speed of light. [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 121

 Set E

Group "A"
Attempt all questions.
All answers of Numerical problems should be expressed in SI system.
1. Attempt any four questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Why do we prefer a potentiometer to measure emf of a cell rather
than a voltmeter?
(b) A high voltage supply should have high resistance. Why?
(c) What are the differences between Thomson effect and Joule’s heating
effect?
(d) A ferromagnetic substance becomes paramagnetic above Curie
temperature. Explain, why?
(e) Why is a choke coil preferable to resistor in an a.c. circuit?
(f) Lenz's law holds the principle of conservation of energy. Why?
2. Attempt any four questions [2 × 4 = 8]
(a) An electron is in the third excited state. How many different photon
wave lengths of photons are possible?
(b) Photoelectric effect is the reverse process of the production of x-rays.
Why?
(c) How do  - particles differ from electrons?
(d) In the production of X-ray, how will you control the penetrating
power of X-rays?
(e) Give the circuit symbol and truth table of NAND gate.
(f) What do you mean by matter wave?
3. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]
(a) Explain why is the velocity of sound in solid greater than that in
gase, though the densities of solid is greater than that of gas?
(b) During the filling of an empty vessel with water, the pitch of the
sound produced goes on changing. Why?
4. Attempt any one question [1 × 2 = 2]
(a) Does the phenomenon of interference obey the law of conservation
of energy?
(b) Distinguish between unpolarized and polarized wave.

Group 'B'
5. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) What do you mean by drift velocity and current density and hence
derive a relation between them?
(b) What is meant by shunt and multiplier? How would you convert a
galvanometer into a voltmeter?
(c) Describe the construction and working of an ac generator.

Trinity International Secondary School 122

 (d) Obtain the expression for the e.m.f. induced in the conductor moving
in a magnetic field.
6. Attempt any three questions [4 × 3 = 12]
(a) What is the role of physics in the development of a nation?
(b) What are Bohr's postulates? Derive the formula for the energy of the
nth Bohr's orbit. Also mention the significance of negative energy.
(c) What do you mean by avalanche and zener effect? Describe with
necessary circuit the use of zener diode as a voltage regulator.
(d) Define work function and threshold frequency. Write Einstein’s
photoelectric equation and explain terms used on it.
7. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]
(a) Define intensity of sound. Show that intensity of sound for a given
frequency is directly proportional to the square of amplitude of
vibration.
(b) What is resonance? Describe an experiment giving the necessary
theory by which the speed of sound in air may be determined using
resonance air column method?
8. Attempt any one question [4 × 1 = 4]
(a) Describe the diffraction of light at a single slit and find the condition
for secondary maxima and minima.
(b) What do you mean by the term "interference" in the context of light?
Describe an experimental arrangement to observe this phenomenon.

Group 'C'
9. Attempt any two questions [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) A battery of emf 24V and internal resistance ‘r’ is connected to a
circuit having two parallel resistors of 3Ω and 6 Ω in series with 8 Ω
as shown in figure. The current flowing in the 3 Ω resistor is 0.8A.
Calculate (i) the current in 6 Ω resistor (ii) r and (iii) terminal p.d.
3Ω 0.8A

24V,r 8Ω

6Ω

(b) A horizontal straight wire 5 cm long, weighing 1.2 gm is placed

perpendicular to a uniform horizontal magnetic field of flux density
0.6 T. If the resistance of the wire is 3.8  m-1, calculate the p.d. that
has to be applied between the ends of the wire to make it just self-
supporting.

Trinity International Secondary School 123

 (c) An iron cored coil of inductance 3H and 50  resistances is placed in
series with a resistor of 550  , and a 100 V 50 Hz ac supply is
connected across the arrangements. Find the current flowing in the
coil and the voltage across the coil.
10. Attempt any two questions. [4 × 2 = 8]
(a) Two plane metal plates 4 cm long are held horizontally 3 cm apart in
a vacuum, one being vertically above the other. The upper plate is at
potential of 300V and the lower is earthed. Electrons having a
velocity of 107 m/s are injected horizontally midway between the
plates and in a direction parallel to the 4 cm edge. Calculate the
vertical deflection of the electron beam as it emerges from the plates.
(e/m for electron = 1.8 × 10 11 Ckg-1)
(b) Calculate energy in electron volts of a quantum of X-radiation of
wavelength 0.15 nm. Take e = 1.6×10 -19 C, h =6.62×10-34Js, c = 3×
108 ms-1.
(c) At a certain instant, a piece of radioactive material contained 1012
atoms. The half life of the material is 15 days. Calculate the rate of
decay after 30 days have elapsed.
11. Two tuning forks A and B when sounded together produce 5 beats per
second. The tuning fork A has frequency 480 Hz. The fork B is filed and
the number of beats heard per sec is 2. Determine the frequency of tuning
for B before and after filing. [4]
12. In a Newton's rings experiment the diameter of 20 th ring was found to be
0.590 cm and that of the 10th ring was 0.336 cm. If the radius curvature of
the Plano-convex lens is 100 cm, calculate the wavelength of light used.
[4]

Trinity International Secondary School 124

 Set F
Group - ‘A’
1. Answer, in brief, any four questions. [4 × 2 = 8]
(i) A wire of resistivity ρ is stretched to three times its length. By what
fraction its resistance will be changed?
(ii) What do you mean by a shunt?
(iii) Define neutral temperature and explain whether it depends on the
temperature of hot junction or not?
(iv) What are the differences between the angle of declination and the
angle of dip?
(v) What is Hall effect?
(vi) Why do we prefer choke coil rather than a resistance to control the
current in A.C. circuit?

2. Answer, in brief, any four questions. [4 × 2 = 8]

(i) What do you mean by Quantization of Energy? (ii) Define
Population Inversion and Pumping.
(iii) Define OR gate.
(iv) A proton and an electron have the same speed. Which has longer
de-Broglie wave length?
(v) A particle consisting up, up and down quarks is a proton. Justify. (vi)
What is energy conservation and energy degradation?

3. Answer, in brief, any one question. [1 × 2 = 2]

(i) What happens to the transverse vibration of stretched string if its
tension is halved and cross sectional area is doubled?
(ii) Why sound made at a distant can be heard distinctly at night than at
day time?

4. Answer, in brief, any one question. [1 × 2 = 2]

(i) Write the differences between wave front and wavelet.
(ii) In Michelson’s experiment distance between two fixed mirrors is
increased to twice. How will the speed of octagonal mirror be
adjusted for continuous image of the source?

Trinity International Secondary School 125

 Group - ‘B’

5. Attempt any three questions. [3 × 4 = 12]

(i) What is the principle used in Potentiometer and how would you use
this to determine the internal resistance of a cell?
(ii) What is Seebeck effect? What is its cause? Explain the variation of
thermo emf with temperature.
(iii) Derive an expression for the torque acting on a rectangular coil in a
uniform magnetic field and also define magnetic moment.
(iv) Derive the expression for power in AC circuit and define power
factor.

6. Attempt any three questions. [3 × 4 = 12]

(i) Explain the experimental method to determine the specific charge of
an electron.
(ii) Define work function and threshold frequency. Write Einstein’s
photoelectric equation and explain the terms used on it.
(iii) What is Zener diode? How does it work as voltage regulator?
(iv) Derive the decay equation and establish the relationship between
decay constant and half life of radioactive element.

7. Attempt any one question. [1 × 4 = 4]

(i) Prove that beat frequency is equal to the difference between the
frequencies of two waves which form beat.
(ii) Write down the differences between plane progressive wave and
stationary wave.

8. Attempt any one question. [1 × 4 = 4]

(i) What do you mean by constructive and destructive interference of
light? Describe Young’s double slit experiment for the
measurement of wave length of monochromatic source of light.
(ii) What is Fraunhoffer diffraction? Explain the formation of maxima and
minima due to diffraction? Show that the width of central
maxima is inversely proportional to the distance between two slits.

Trinity International Secondary School 126

 Group - ‘C’
9. Attempt any two numerical questions. [2 × 4 = 8]
o
(i) A nichrome coil has a resistance 4.08 ohm at 50 C and 4.016 ohm at
0 0
10 C. What will be its resistance at 25 C?
(ii) Calculate the current flowing through an electrolytic tank if 0.95 gm
of cupper is deposited in the half an hour on the cathode. (e.c.e of Cu =
0.000329 gm/C)
(iii) A wire carrying current of 10 A and 2 m in length is placed in the field
of flux density 0.34 T. What is the force on the wire if it is placed at
0
60 to the field?
10. Attempt any two numerical questions. [2 × 4 = 8]
(i) A beam of protons is accelerated from rest through a potential
difference of 2000V and then enters a uniform magnetic field
which is perpendicular to the direction of the proton beam. If the
flux density is 0.4T, calculate the radius of the path which the beam
-27
describes. (Proton mass = 1.7 × 10 kg, electronic charge
-19
=1.6 × 10 C)
(ii) Find the wavelength of the radiation emitted from a hydrogen atom
when an electron jumps from the third orbit to the second orbit.
-12 2 -1 -2, -34 -
(εo = 8.854 × 10 C N m h = 6.62 × 10 Jsec, me= 9.1× 10
31
kg)

(iii) The energy liberated in the fission of a single uranium -235 atom is 3.2
-11
× 10 J. Calculate the power production corresponding to the
23
fission of 1 kg uranium per day. (Avogadro’s number= 6.02 × 10 )
11. A source of sound of frequency 550 Hz emits waves of wavelength 660
o
mm in air at 20 C. What is the velocity of sound in air at this
temperature? What would be the wavelength of the sound from the source
o
in air at 0 C? [4]
12. A glass plate is used as a Polarizer. If the refractive index of glass is 1.5,
calculate (i) The polarizing angle (ii) the angle of refraction. [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 127

 Set G
Group - ‘A’
1. Answer, in brief, any four questions. [4 × 2 = 8]
(i) A wire of resistivity ρ is stretched to three times its length. What
will be its new resistivity?
(ii) When the resistance connected in series with a cell is halved, the
current is slightly less than the double. Why?
(iii) What are the factors on which thermo-emf depend?
(iv) Why does a dip needle rest in vertical position when its axis is kept
along east west?
(v) What are eddy currents?
(vi) Explain how tuning of radio signals is done.

2. Answer, in brief, any four questions. [4 × 2 = 8]

(i) Why does electric discharge take place at low pressure and high
potential difference?
(ii) What is NAND gate?
(iii) State and explain Uncertainty Principle.
(iv) Universe is continuously expanding. Explain.
(v) Cathode rays cannot be regarded as Electromagnetic wave. Why? (vi)
What is Acid rain? Explain.

3. Answer, in brief, any one question. [1 × 2 = 2]

(i) Why are all string instruments provided with hollow boxes?
(ii) How is it that one can recognize a friend from his voice without
seeing him/ her?

4. Answer, in brief, any one question. [1 × 2 = 2]

(i) Does Huygen’s principle apply for sound waves in air?
(ii) On which basic principle of optics , Focault’s method to determine
the speed of light is used?

Group - ‘B’
5. Attempt any three questions. [3 × 4 = 12]
(i) Discuss mechanism of metallic conduction. Derive a relation
between current density and drift velocity of the electrons.

Trinity International Secondary School 128

 (ii) State Kirchhoff’s rules and use these to find the balance condition in
a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
(iii) How would you verify Faraday’s laws of electrolysis
experimentally? Explain.
(iv) State Biot and Savart law and use it to find magnetic field at a point
due to a current carrying long straight conductor.

6. Attempt any three questions. [3 × 4 = 12]

(i) Prove that the path followed by an electron in an electric field is
parabolic in nature when it enters perpendicular to the field.
(ii) What is rectifier? Describe working of full wave rectifier using two
diodes.
(iii) What is laser? Describe the construction and working principle of
He- Ne laser.
(iv) State Bohr’s postulates and hence derive expression for the radius
th
of n orbit of hydrogen atom.

7. Attempt any one question. [1 × 4 = 4]

(i) What is Doppler’s effect? Derive the change in frequency when an
observer moves towards stationary source.
(ii) State the laws of transverse vibration of strings. Describe an experiment to
verify the law of mass and law of length.

8. Attempt any one question. [1 × 4 = 4]

(i) What is polarizing angle? Derive the relation between the polarizing
angle and the refractive index of the material.
th
(ii) Define Newton’s ring. Derive an expression for radius of n dark
ring due to reflected light waves in Newton’s ring method.

Group - ‘C’
9. Attempt any two numerical questions. [2 × 4 = 8]
(i) A battery drives a current of 1A round a circuit consisting of two 2Ω
resistors connected in parallel. When the resistors are connected in series,
the current is 0.4A. Calculate (i) emf of the cell and (ii) internal resistance
of the battery.

Trinity International Secondary School 129

 o
(ii) The apparent dip at a place in a plane of 60 out of the magnetic
o
meridian is 30 . Calculate the value of true dip at the place.
(iii) An inductor is in series with a 200Ω resistor and a 220V, 50Hz AC supply.
The voltage across the resistor is 50V and the supply voltage leads on
o
current by 60 . Calculate the resistance and inductance of the inductor.

10. Attempt any two numerical questions. [2 × 4 = 8]

(i) The photoelectric threshold wavelength of a tungsten surface is
272nm. Calculate the maximum velocity of the electron ejected from the
15
tungsten surface by UV – radiation of frequency 1.45 × 10 Hz.
-34 8 -31
(h = 6.62 × 10 Jsec, c = 3 × 10 m/sec, me= 9.1× 10 kg)
(ii) An X-ray tube, operated at a dc potential difference of 10kV, produces
heat at the target at the rate of 720w. Assuming 0.5% of the energy of
incident electrons is converted into X-radiation. Calculate the tube current
23
and velocity of the incident electrons. (e/m= 1.8 × 10 )
22
(iii) At a certain instant, a piece of radioactive material contained 10 atoms.
The half life of the material is 15 days. Calculate the rate of decay after
30 days have elapsed.

11. Two tuning forks A and B when sounded together produce 5 beats per
second. The tuning fork A has frequency 480 Hz. The fork B is filed and the
number of beats heard per sec is 2. Determine the frequency of tuning fork B
before and after filing it. [4]

12. A parallel beam of monochromatic light is allowed to be incident

normally on a plane transmission grating having 500 lines per mm and
o
the second order spectral line is found to be diffracted at 30 . Calculate
the wavelength of light. [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 130

 HSEB – 2072 (2015)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group ‘A’
1. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) Why do we prefer a potentiometer to measure emf of a cell rather than
a voltmeter?
b) The conductivity of an electrolyte is very low as compared to a metal
at room temperature. Why?
c) What is retentivity and coercivity of a ferromagnetic material?
d) If the number of turns of a solenoid is doubled, keeping the other
factors constant, how does the self inductance of the solenoid change?
e) A transformer gets heated up while in use. Why?
f) Can a charge particle move through a magnetic field without
experiencing any force? Explain.
2. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) If we go on increasing the wavelength of light incident on a metal
surface, what changes take place in the number of electrons and
energy of the electrons?
b) What are logic gates? Give a truth table for a two input NOR gate.
c) Even if a hydrogen atom contains an electron, its spectrum consists of
a large number of lines. Explain how?
d) Write quark composition of proton and neutron.
e) A nucleus contains no electrons, yet it ejects them. Explain.
f) What do you mean by global warming?
3. Answer, in brief, any one questions: 2
a) Whistle of an approaching train is shriller, why?
b) When sound waves travel through a medium, does the temperature at
various points remain constant? Explain.
4. Answer, in brief, any one questions: 2
a) Distinguish between wave fronts and wavelets.
b) Define polarizing angle. How is it related with the refractive index of
the medium?
Group 'B'
5. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) Define drift velocity of electrons. Establish a relation between drift
velocity of electrons and current density in the conductor.

Trinity International Secondary School 131

 b) State principle of meter bridge. Describe how it is used to determine
the resistance of a wire.
c) Derive an expression for the force per unit length acting on each of the
two straight parallel metallic conductors carrying current in the same
direction and kept near each other. Why do such current carrying
conductors attract each other?
d) What is Lenz’s law? Deduce an expression for the emf induced in a
straight conductor moving in a uniform magnetic field.
6. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) Describe with necessary theory Thomson’s method to determine
specific charge of an electron.
b) What is an extrinsic semiconductor? Explain the formation of potential
barrier and depletion region in a p-n function.
c) Discuss four important properties of nuclei.
d) What are renewable and non-renewable sources of energy? Write with
examples. Describe the necessity of conservation of natural resources
of energy to reduce energy crisis in the future.
7. Answer any one question: [4]
a) What is a wave motion? Derive progressive wave equation in a
medium.
b) Describe sound wave as pressure wave and deduce an expression for
the pressure amplitude.
8. Answer any one question: [4]
a) What are coherent sources? Derive an expression for the fringe width
in Young’s double slit experiment.
b) Define Fraunhofer diffraction. How is transmission grating
constructed? Describe necessary theory of diffraction grating.
Group 'C'
9. Answer any two questions: [2×4=8]
a) The resistance of a galvanometer coil 9.36, and the current required
for full scale deflection is 0.0224A. We want to convert this
galvanometer to an ammeter reading 20A full scale. The only shunt
available has a resistance of 0.025. What resistance must be
connected in series with the coil?
b) A horizontal wire, of length 5 cm and carrying of 2A, is placed in the
middle of a long solenoid at right angles to its axis. The solenoid has
1000 turns per meter and carries a steady current I. Calculate I if the
force on the wire is equal to 10-4N. (0 = 4 × 10-7 Hm-1).
c) A coil having inductance and resistance is connected to an oscillator
giving a fixed sinusoidal output voltage of 5V rms. With the oscillator
set at a frequency of 50 Hz, the rms current in the coil is 1A and at a

Trinity International Secondary School 132

 frequency of 100Hz, the rms current is 0.625 A. Determine the
inductance of the coil.
10. Answer any two questions: [2×4=8]
a) The work function for the surface of aluminum is 4.2 eV. How much
potential difference will be required to stop the emission of maximum
energy electrons emitted by light of wavelength 2000 Å? (Planks’s
constant, h = 6.6 × 10-34 JS)
b) A X-ray tube works at a dc potential difference of 50 kV. Only 0.4% of
the energy of the cathode rays is converted into -rays and heat is
generated in the target at rate of 600 watt. Estimate the current passed
into the tube and the velocity of the electrons striking the target. (Mass
of electron = 9 × 10-31 kg, charge of electron = 1.6 × 10 -19 C)
c) After a certain lapse of time, the fraction of radioactive polonium
undecayed is found to be 12.5% of the initial quantity. What is the
duration of this time lapse if half life of polonium is 139 days?
11. A wire with mass 40g is stretched so that its ends are tied down at points
80 cm apart. The wire vibrates in its fundamental mode with frequency 60
Hz. Calculate the speed of propagation of transverse waves in the wire and
the tension in the wire. [4]
12. A beam of light after reflection at a plane mirror, rotating 2000 times per
minute, passes to a distant reflector. It returns to the rotating mirror from
which it is reflected to make an angle of 1 0 with its original direction. If the
distance between the mirrors is 6250 m, calculate the velocity of light. [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 133

 HSEB – 2073 (2016)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
1. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) Will the drift velocity of electrons change if the diameter of a
connecting wire is halved? Why?
b) Five bulbs are connected in series across 220 volt line. If one bulb is
fused, the remaining bulbs are again connected across the same line.
Which one of the arrangements will be more illuminated? Justify your
answer.
c) How can the sensitivity of moving coil galvanometer be increased?
Explain.
d) Point out the difference between Peltier and Seebeck effect in brief.
e) State the Faraday's laws of electrolysis.
f) How can a galvanometer be converted into voltmeter? Explain.
2. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) The accelerating voltage of a proton is increased to twice. How will its
de Broglie wavelength change? Explain.
b) How does the conductivity of semiconductor vary with temperature?
Explain.
c) Define atomic mass unit (amu). Hence convert the mass of a neutron,
(1840 me), into amu where me is the mass of 'an electron'.
d) Can X-ray diffraction experiment be performed by an ordinary
grating? Why?
e) State and explain Hubble's law.
f) What class of quark combination one can expect in the combination of
one quark and a lepton. Explain with example.
3. Answer, in brief, any one question: [2]
a) By what factor does the velocity of transverse wave in the string
change when the tension in the stretched string is increased by four
times.

Trinity International Secondary School 134

 b) The velocity of sound in solid is generally greater than that in gas at
STP. Why? Give reason.
4. Answer, in brief, any one question: [2]
a) Two waves are represented in usual notation as y 1 = a1 sin wt and y2 =
a2 cos wt. Their intensities are I1 and I2. What would be the ratio of
their amplitudes when I1 = 2I2?
b) Are light waves longitudinal? Justify your answer.

Group 'B'
5. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) State and apply Kirchoff's rule of electrical circuits to measure the
unknown resistance of a wire by metre bridge with necessary theory
and circuit.
b) Relate magnetic permeability and susceptibility features of a magnetic
material. Can hysteresis curve be drawn in the case of diamagnetic
material? Explain on the basis of above features.
c) State Ampere's law and deduce and expression for the force between
two parallel current carrying wires.
d) What is Hall effect? Explain and deduce expressions for Hall voltage
and Hall electric field.
6. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) Explain photoelectric effect to write Einstein's photoelectric equation.
Describe Millikan's laboratory method to determine Planck's constant.
b) How are intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors conceptualized?
Explain the biasing characteristics of a junction diode.
c) Write down the representative nuclear fission and fusion reactions.
Explain, how the energy release in the case of four protons fused into
doubly ionized helium can be estimated?
d) Explain the working principle of a gas laser. How is population
inversion achieved for lasing action?
7. Answer any one question: [4]
a) How are beats formed when two waves are superimposed? Deduce
expression for the frequency of beats so formed.
b) What correction was made in Newton's expression for the velocity of
sound? Also explain, how change of temperature and pressure affect
the velocity of sound.

Trinity International Secondary School 135

8. Answer any one question: [4]
a) What are coherent sources of light? Describe double slit experiment to
find the fringe width from the experiment performed with light waves.
b) Describe Huyge's principle with figure to prove the laws of reflection
and refraction of light.
Group 'C'
9. Answer any two questions: [2×4=8]
a) A straight conductor of length 15 cm is moving with uniform speed of
10ms-1 making an angle of 30° with uniform magnetic field of 10 -4
Tesla. Calculate the emf induced across the length.
b) L-C-R alternating current series circuit of L=1H, C=1F and R=100 are
connected in series with a source of frequency 50Hz. What is the phase
shift between current and voltage?
c) Resistance of a wire of length 1m, diameter 1mm is 2.2. Calculate its
resistivity and conductivity.
10. Answer any two questions: [2×4=8]
a) Half life of Ra226 is 1620 years. Estimate its mass when its activity is 0.5
Curie.
b) An electron having 500 eV energy enters at right angle to a uniform
magnetic field of 10-4 Tesla. If its specific charge is 1.75×1011 Ckg-1,
calculate the radius of its circular orbit.
c) The first member of Balmer series of hydrogen atom has a wavelength
of 6563 Angstrom. Calculate the wavelength of its second member.
11. A car travelling with a speed of 60 kmhr-1 sound a horn of frequency
500Hz. The sound is heard in another car travelling behind the first car in
the same direction with a speed of 80kmhr-1. What frequencies will the
driver of the second car hear before and after overtaking the first car if the
velocity of sound is 340ms-1? [4]
12. A plane transmission grating having 500 lines per mm is illuminated
normally by light source of 600nm wavelength. How many diffraction
maxima will be observed on a screen behind the grating? [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 136

 NEB – 2074 (2017)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
1. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) Resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel to an emf source that has
negligible internal resistance. What happens to the current through R 1
when R2 is removed from the circuit?
b) Why do we prefer potentiometer of longer length for accurate
measurement?
c) What is temperature of inversion? How does it change, if temperature
of cold junction decreases?
d) What are eddy currents? How can these be reduced in a transformer?
e) Define rms value of ac. How is it related with the peak value of ac?
f) The conductivity of an electrolyte is very low as compared to a metal
at room temperature, why?
2. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) Draw a circuit diagram for p-n junction diode in forward bias. Sketch
the voltage versus current graph for it.
b) A proton and an electron has the same kinetic energy. Which has
longer de Broglie wavelength?
c) According to properties of charges, like charges repel each other. Then,
how do the protons in a nucleus stay together?
d) If a radioactive nucleus has a half life of one year, will it be completely
decayed at the end of two year? Explain.
e) State Hubble’s law. What do you mean be dark matter?
f) What is energy crisis? Explain.
3. Answer, in brief, any one question: [2]
a) Velocity of sound in solids is more than that in liquids, why?
b) The frequency of a fundamental note of a closed organ pipe and that of
an open organ pipe are the same. What is the ratio of their lengths?

Trinity International Secondary School 137

4. Answer, in brief, any one question: [2]
a) What are coherent sources of light? Can two different bulbs, similar in
all respects, act as coherent sources?
b) Can sound waves be polarized? Explain.
Group 'B'
5. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) State and explain Kirchhoff’s laws of current and voltage. Explain how
these laws are used to obtain balance condition of Wheatstone’s
bridge.
b) Derive an expression for the force per unit length between two
infinitely long parallel straight wires carrying current in the same
direction. Hence define one ampere.
c) Define permeability and susceptibility of magnetic materials. Derive a
relation between them.
d) Derive an expression for the impedance of an ac circuit with an
inductor L, a capacitor C and a resistor R in series. Draw the phase
diagram if the voltage across the inductor in greater than that across
the capacitor.
6. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) Describe the theory of Millikan’s oil drop experiment to determine the
charge of an electron.
b) What is rectification? With the help of a circuit diagram, explain full
wave rectification by using junction diodes.
c) State Bohr’s postulates. Using these postulates obtain an expression for
the total energy of an electron in the nth orbit of hydrogen atom.
d) What is green house effect? Discuss its effects, sources and the
controlling measures.
7. Answer any one question: [4]
a) How is a progressive wave different from a stationary wave? Derive
an equation for a progressive wave.
b) What is Doppler’s effect in sound? Obtain an expression for the
apparent frequency when both source of sound and observer move
towards each other.

Trinity International Secondary School 138

8. Answer any one question: [4]
a) What is a wavefront? Using Huygen’s principle proves that for a
parallel beam of light incident on a reflecting surface, the angle of
incidence is equal to angle of reflection.
b) Describe Fraunhofer’s diffraction at a single slit.

Group 'C'
9. Answer any two numerical questions: [2×4=8]
a) A copper wire has a diameter of1.02mm and carries a constant current
of 1.67A. If the density of free electrons in copper is 8.5x10 28/m3,
calculate the current density and the drift velocity of the electrons.
b) A coil consisting of 100 circular loops with radius 60cm carries a
current of 5A. Find the magnetic field at a point along the axis of the
coil, 80cm from the centre. (µ0=4πx10-7Tm/A)
c) An aircraft with a wingspan of 40m flies with a speed of 1080 km hr -1
in the eastward direction at a constant altitude in the northern
hemisphere, where the vertical component of earth’s magnetic field is
1.75x10-5T. Find the emf that develops between the tips of the wings.
10. Answer any two numerical questions: [2×4=8]
a) Radiations of wavelength 5400 A fall on a metal whose work function
is 1.9eV. Find the energy of the photoelectrons emitted and their
stopping potential. Planck’s constant=6.62x10-34JS.
b) The mass of 17Cl35 is 34.9800 amu. Calculate its binding energy and
binding energy per nucleon. Mass of one proton=1.007825 amu and
mass of one neutron = 1.008665.
c) Calculate the mass in gram of a radioactive sample Pb-214 having an
activity of 3.7x104 decays/s and a half life of 26.8 minutes. Avogadro
number = 6.02 x 1023/mole.
11. A steel wire of length 20cm and mass 5 gram is under the tension of 500N
and is tied down at both ends. Calculate the frequency of fundamental
mode of vibration. [4]
12. In a young’s double slit experiment, the separation of four bright fringes is
2.5mm. The wavelength of light used is 6.2x10 -5 cm and the distance from
the slits to the screen is 80cm. Calculate the separation of slits. [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 139

 NEB – 2075 (2018)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
1. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) Why do we prefer a potentiometer with longer wire?
b) Why is Lead (Pb) used as a standard reference metal in thermo-
electricity?
c) Why is the conductivity of an electrolyte low in comparison to that of
metal?
d) A solenoid tends to contract when a current flows through it. Why?
e) What is the significance of the area of a hysteresis loop?
f) Birds sitting on a high tension line wire fly off when current is
switched on. Why?
2. Answer, in brief, any four questions: [4×2=8]
a) Why is a magnetic field used to deflect electron beam but not an
electric field in a T.V. picture tube?
b) In a transistor, emitter-base junction is always forward biased. Why?
c) Define acid rain and write it’s adverse effects.
d) All nuclei have nearly the same density. Why?
e) Distinguish between leptons and quarks.
f) Give two evidences to show that the universe is expanding.
3. Answer, in brief, any one question: [2]
a) Frequency is the most fundamental property of a wave. Why?
b) Why is the voice of a woman more intelligible than that of a man?

4. Answer, in brief, any one question: [2]

a) Distinguish between wavelet and wavefront.
b) Can ultrasonic waves be polarized?
Group 'B'
5. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) State and explain Joule’s law of heating. Deduce an expression for heat
developed in a conductor due to the passage of an electric current.

Trinity International Secondary School 140

 b) State Kirchhoff’s laws and use them to derive Wheat Stone’s bridge
principle.
c) State Ampere’s law and use it to find magnetic field due to a long
straight current carrying conductor and toroid.
d) Derive an expression for the impedance of an a.c. circuit containing a
resistor, an inductor and a capacitor. Hence resonance frequency. Also,
draw the phase diagram.
6. Answer any three questions: [3×4=12]
a) Describe the theory of Millikan’s oil drop experiment to determine
the charge of an electron.
b) What are avalanche effect and Zener effect? How can a Zener diode be
used as a voltage regulator?
c) Describe Coolidge tube for the production of X-rays. How do you
control
i) the intensity ii) the penetrating power of the emitted X-rays?
d) State the laws of radioactive disintegration. Derive the relation
between half life and decay constant.
7. Answer any one question: [4]
a) Describe Michelson’s method of determining the speed of light.
b) Explain Frauhoffer diffraction at a single slit.
8. Answer any one question: [4]
a) What are harmonics? Explain the formation of overtones in an open
and a closed organ pipe?
b) What is Doppler Effect? Obtain an expression for the apparent
frequency heard by a listener due to a source when both are
approaching each other.

Group 'C'
9. Answer any twonumerical questions: [2×4=8]
a) Two resistances of 1000Ω and 2000Ω are placed in series with 50V
mains supply. What will be the reading on a voltmeter of internal
resistance 2000Ω when placed across the 1000Ω resistor? What
fractional change in voltage occurs when voltmeter is connected?

Trinity International Secondary School 141

 b) A horizontal straight wire 5cm long weighing 1.2gm -1 is placed
perpendicular to a uniform horizontal magnetic field of flux density of
0.6T. If the resistance per unit length of the wire is 3.8Ωm -1, calculate
the p.d. that has to be applied between the ends of the wire to make it
just self-supporting.
c) A coil of 100 turns, each of area 2x10-3 m2 has a resistance of 12Ω. It lies
in a horizontal plane in a vertical magnetic flux density of 3x10 -3Wbm-2.
What charge circulates through the coil if its ends are short circuited
and the coil is rotated through 1800 about a diametrical axis?
10. Answer any twonumerical questions: [2×4=8]
a) Sodium has a work function of 2eV. Calculate the maximum energy
and speed of the emitted electrons when sodium is illuminated by a
radiation of 150 nm. What is the threshold frequency of radiation for
which electrons are emitted from sodium surface?
b) A hydrogen atom is in ground state. What is the quantum number to
which it will be excited absorbing a photon of energy 12.75eV?
238
c) A nucleus of 92U disintegrates according to
U 238 Th 234 He 4
92  90 2
Calculate: i) the total energy released in the disintegration process.
ii) the k.e. of the  -particle, the nucleus at rest before
disintegration.
Mass of 92 U 238  3.859  10 25 kg 
 
Mass of 90 Th 234  3.787 10  25 kg 
 
Mass of 2 He 4  6.648  10  27 kg 
 
11. At what temperature, the velocity of sound in air is increased by 50% to
that at 270C? [4]
12. In a Newton’s rings experiment, the diameter of 15 th ring was found as
0.590 cm and that of 5th ring was 0.336 cm. calculate the radius of curvature
of the Plano-convex lens if the wavelength of light used is 5880A. [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 142

 NEB – 2076 (2019)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
1. Answer in brief, any four questions. [4×2=8]
a) The conductivity of an electrolyte is low as compared to that of metal
at room temperature. Why?
b) If the temperature of cold junction of a thermocouple is lowered, what
will be the effect on neutral temperature and the temperature of
inversion?
c) How will the magnetic field intensity at the center of a circular coil
carrying current change, if the current through the coil is doubled and
the radius of the coil is halved?
d) Can a charge particle move through a magnetic field without
experiencing any force? Explain.
e) A copper ring is suspended by a thread in a vertical plane. One end of
a magnet is brought horizontally towards the ring. How will the
position of the ring be affected?
f) A choke coil is preferable to a resistor in an ac circuit. Why?
2. Answer in brief, any four questions. [4×2=8]
a) An electron and a proton have the same kinetic energy. Which one of
them has the longer wavelength?
b) Why is the emitter region of a transistor dopped heavily?
c) Neutron is considered the most effective bombarding particle in a
nuclear reaction. Why?
d) How does a daughter nucleus differ from its parent nucleus when it
emits an - particle?
e) What is acid rain? Write any two effects.
f) Write the quark composition of proton and neutron.
3. Answer in brief, any one question.
a) How are stationary waves formed?
b) Sound waves are called pressure waves. Why?

Trinity International Secondary School 143

4. Answer in brief, any one question.
a) Differentiate wave front and wavelet.
b) Can sound waves be polarized? Explain.
Group 'B'
5. Answer any three questions. [4×2=8]
a) Discuss how the current is established in a conductor when it is
connected across a source of e.m.f. Derive the relation J= nev, where the
symbols have their usual meanings.
b) State and explain Kirchhoff's laws and use these laws to find the
balance condition in a wheat-stone bridge circuit.
c) Define angle of dip. If  is the true dip at a place,  1 and 2 are the
apparent dips observed in two vertical planes at right angles to each
other at that place, then prove the relation, cot 2   cot 2 1  cot 2 2 .
d) State and explain Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction and
derive an expression for the emf induced in a rectangular coil rotating
in a uniform magnetic field.
6. Answer any there questions. [3×4=12]
a) What are cathode rays? How are they produced? Mention the
properties of cathode rays.
b) Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Explain
the formation of potential barrier and depletion region in a PN
junction.
c) What is photoelectric effect? Discuss Einstein's photoelectric equation.
Write some applications of photoelectric effect.
d) What are the major energy sources? Discuss the global energy
consumption pattern and demands.
7. Answer any one question. [4]
a) Define end correction of a pipe. Prove the both odd and even types of
harmonics can be obtained from an organ pipe open at both ends.
b) What is Doppler's effect? Derive an expression for the apparent
frequency when a source of sound and the observer are moving
towards each other.
8. Answer any one question. [4]
a) State and explain Huygen's principle and use it to verify laws of
reflection on the basis of wave theory
b) Discuss Fraunhofer diffraction at a single slit.

Trinity International Secondary School 144

 Group 'C'
9. Answer any two numerical questions. [2×4=8]
a) The resistance of the coil of a galvanometer is 9.36 and current of
0.0224A causes it to deflect full scale. The only shunt available has a
resistance 0.025. What resistance must be connected in series with the
coil to make it an ammeter of range 0-20A?
b) A flat silver strip of width 1.5 cm and thickness 1.5 mm carries a
current of 150A. A magnetic field of 2T is applied perpendicular to the
flat face of the strip. The emf developed across the width of the strip is
measured to be 17.9V. Calculate the free electron density in the silver.
c) A circuit consists of a capacitor of 2F and a resistor of 1000. An
alternating emf of 12V and frequency of 50Hz is applied. Find the
voltage across the capacitor and the phase angle between the applied
emf and the current.
10. Answer any two numerical questions. [4×2=8]
a) An X-ray tube, operated at a dc potential difference of 10 KV, produces
heat at the target at the rate of 720 watt. Assuming 0.5% of the incident
electrons is converted into X- radiation; calculate the number of
electrons striking per second at the target and velocity of the incident
electrons. (Given, e/m=1.8x1011cKg-1).
b) Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of calcium nucleus (20Ca40).
Given:
mass of 20Ca 40 =39.962589u
mass of neutron, mn=1.008665u
mass of proton, mp=1.007825u
1u= 931MeV
c) Find the half life of U238, if 1 gm of it emits 1.24x104 -particles per-
second Avogadro's number=6.025x1023.
11. A source of sound o frequency 550Hz emits waves of wave-length 60cm in
air at 200c. What would be the wavelength of sound from the source in air
at 00C? [4]
12. In a Young's double slit experiment, the separation of four bright fringes is
7
2.5 mm. The wavelength of light used is 6.2  10 m. If the distance from
the slits to the screen is 80cm, calculate the separation of two slits. [3]

Trinity International Secondary School 145

 Model Questions – 2078 (2021)
Subject: Chemistry (212) Full Marks: 75
Time: 3 hrs. Pass Marks: 27

Set A
Candidates are required to give answers in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Group 'A'
Attempt any fifteenquestions. [15 × 2 = 30]

1. How would you interpret that all four C-H bonds of methane are
identical?
2. What volume of decinormal solution of HCl is required to neutralize 25
ml of NaOH containing 8 gm NaOH in one litre solution?
3. Find the molar conductivity of 0.01 M acetic acid having specific
conductivity 1.46 × 10–4siemen cm–1.
4. What is Buffer solution? How is it prepared?
5. State Hess's law of constant heat summation.
6. State and explain the second law of thermodynamics?
7. Differentiate between order and molecularity of the reaction.
8. What are the criteria of a substance to be an aromatic?
9. Compound A on treatment with alcoholic KOH produces compound B,
which on ozonolysis gives ethanal and methanal. Identify compound A
and B with giving complete reaction.
10. Write the action of:
A. Propan-2-ol with PCl5.
B. Monohydroxybenzene with aqueous bromine.
11. How are oxonium salts formed?
12. Why aldehydes are more reactive than ketones?

Trinity International Secondary School 146

13. What happens when the product obtained by the action of ethanoyl
chloride and ammonia is heated with Br2 and aqueous KOH?
14. How would you prepare nitroethane through haloethane?
15. Explain why is –NH2 group an ortho-para directing group towards
electrophilic aromatic substitution.
16. Write the name of monomer of nylon-6, 6 and Bakelite.
17. Give an example of analgesic and antipyretic drug.
18. Write the names and structures of monosaccharides produced by the
hydrolysis of cane sugar.
19. What happens when a protein is denatured?
20. How can you obtain calomel from corrosive sublimate and vice versa?
21. Name the two ores of zinc with their formula.
22. Differentiate between annealing and tempering of steel.

Group 'B'
Attempt any five questions: [5 × 5 = 25]
23. Write the chemical reactions involved in the laboratory preparation of
chloroform from ethanol. Why does pure chloroform not give white
precipitate with aq. AgNO3? Write two important uses of chloroform.
[2+2+1]
24. Describe Victor Meyer's method for the distinction between 1 , 20 and 30
0

alcohols.
25. Give the conversion of the following:
A. Ethoxyethane to methoxyethane.
B. Aniline to picric acid.
26. Predict which one of the following reactions occurs spontaneously.
i) 2Fe+2 + Sn+4 → 2Fe+3 + Sn+2
ii) 2Fe+3 + Sn+2 → 2Fe+2 + Sn+4
Given standard reduction potential of Fe+3/Fe+2 and Sn+4/Sn+2
electrodes are +0.77 V and + 0.15 V respectively.
27. Explain Bronsted and Lowry concept of acids and bases.

Trinity International Secondary School 147

28. Define free energy. Derive an expression to relate Gibbs free energy
change with net useful work.
29. Explain different steps involved in the extraction of zinc from its ores?
Group 'C'
Attempt any two questions: [2 × 10 = 20]
30. How is Grignard reagent prepared? Why is alkyl group acts as
nucleophilic? How does C2H5MgBr reacts with:
a) Acetaldehyde b) Water
c) Formaldehyde d) Carbondioxide
Show end product after hydrolysis. [2+2+(1.5×4)=10]

31. How is nitrobenzene prepared in laboratory in pure and dry state? How is
it converted to phenol? [7+3]

32. A. What are the factors that affect the rate of chemical reaction? [5]
B. For the reaction 2NO (g) + Cl2(g) → 2NOCl (g), the data obtained
are:
Expt. [Cl2]mol L–1 [NO] mol L–1 Initial rate, mol L–1s-1
1 0.02 0.01 2.40 × 10–4
2 0.02 0.03 2.16 × 10–3
3 0.04 0.03 4.32 × 10–3

Determine the order with respect to Cl2, NO and overall order and
rate law for the reaction. Also calculate the rate constant.

33. Write short notes on any two [2 × 5 = 10]

a) Faraday's laws of electrolysis.
b) Laboratory preparation of dry formic acid.
c) Chemistry of corrosive sublimate (HgCl2).
d) Electrochemical theory of rusting.

Trinity International Secondary School 148

 Set B

Attempt any fifteenquestions. [15 × 2 = 30]

1. On the basis of VSEPR theory, explain "the bond angle in water is larger
than bond angle in hydrogen sulphide",
2. 15ml of 2M H2SO4, 25ml of 4M HNO3 and 20 ml of HCl of unknown
normality were mixed and made upto 200 ml. If the normality of the
resulting solution is 1.075N, then calculate the normality of HCl solution.
3. The solubility product of magnesium hydroxide at 25 0C is 1.4 × 10–11.
Calculate the solubility of hydroxide in gm per litre.
4. 0.05 N solution of a salt between two platinum electrodes 1.72 cm apart
and 4.5 sq.cm cross-sectional area has a resistance of 250 ohms.
Calculate the equivalent conductance of the solution.
5. Define extensive and intensive properties with proper examples.
6. The reaction 4NH3 (g) + 5O2 (g)  4NO (g) + 6 H2O (l) is carried out
at 270C. Predict wheather the reaction is spontaneous or not. Given, Δ H
= 9080J/ mole and ΔS = 35.7 J K–1 mole–1.
7. Differentiate between the rate and rate constant of the reaction.
8. Benzene is an aromatic compound but not cyclohexane. Why?
9. Arrange the given alky chloride CH3CH2Cl, (CH3)2CHCl, (CH3)3CCl in
the increasing order of reactivity towards the nucleophilic substitution
reaction with suitable explanation.
10. Arrange the following in decreasing order of their acidic strength, also
give reason.
OH OH OH
(a) (b) (c)
OCH3 NO2
11. What are A, B and C in the following organic conversion:
C2H5ONa   A    BC
CH3I Excess HBr

12. Prepare lactic acid from acetaldehyde?
13. Give an example of trans-esterification.
14. – NO2 group in nitrobenzene is meta directing. Explain.
15. What happens when primary aliphatic amine is heated with chloroform
and alcoholic potassium hydroxide?
16. What is peptide linkage? Illustrate its formation with an example.

Trinity International Secondary School 149

17. Write down Haworth projection formula and Fisher projection formula of
α – (D) – Glucose.
18. What are the monomers of Teflon? Mention any two uses of this
polymer.
19. Write the structure of chloromycetin.
20. Give two ores of mercury?
21. What is Rinmann's green? How is it formed?
22. What are cast iron and wrought iron?

Group 'B'
Attempt any five questions: [5 × 5 = 25]
23. An organic compound (A) having molecular formula C6H7N undergo
diazotization to give the product (B) which undergoes Sandmeyer's
reaction with Cu2Cl2 and HCl to give a compound (C). Compound (C)
when heated with caustic soda solution at 623K and 300 atm pressure
gives compound (D). Compound (D) is also obtained by boiling
compound (B) with water. Give the structural formula of (A), (B), (C)
and (D) with proper chemical equations.
24. Make the following conversions;
a) Aniline to methyl orange
b) Acetic acid to tertiary butyl alcohol.
25. What happens when:
a) Benzaldehyde is treated with 2, 4-DNP solution.
b) Benzaldehyde is heated with acetic anhydride in presence of sodium
acetate.
c) Acetic acid is reacted with chlorine in presence of red phosphorous.
d) Acetaldehyde is treated with a saturated solution of
sodiumbisulphite.
26. A piece of Al weighing 2.7 gm is treated with 75ml of H 2SO4 (Sp. gr –
1.18, containing 24.7% H2SO4 by weight). After the metal is completely
dissolved, the solution is diluted to 400 ml. Calculate the molarity of free
H2SO4 in the resulting solution?
27. What are specific conductance and molar conductance? How does molar
conductance vary with concentration of the solution?
28. On the basis of protonic concept explain that water behaves like an acid
and also like a base. What will be the P H of the resulting solution
obtained when 0.2 M acetic acid is neutralized 0.2M NaOH in 0.5 litre of
water. (Given Ka for acetic acid = 1.8 × 10–5).
29. How is zinc extracted from its sulphide ore?

Trinity International Secondary School 150

 Group 'C'
Attempt any two questions: [2 × 10 = 20]
30. How is anhydrous methanoic acid prepared in laboratory? Show with
chemical equations how does it behave as an acid and an aldehyde.
[6+2+2]
31. a) In the given reaction:
A Oxidation
 B    C Heat
  D Br2 ,  E
NH 3 KOH

Compound A is a carbonyl compound which gives positive Tollen's

test. Compound A is prepared by partial oxidation of ethanol.
Identify A, B, C, D and E with structural formula and their IUPAC
name.
c) What product you get when nitrobenzene is subjected for reduction
in alkaline, neutral and acidic medium?
32. What are order and molecularity of a reaction? What are the major point
of differences between the order and molecularity?
At 8500C, the following data were obtained for the reaction,
2NO + 2H2 → N2 + H2O.
Expt. [No], mol/L [H2], mol/L Rate, mol L–1 s-1
1 5.0 × 10–3 2.5 × 10–3 3.0 × 10–5
–3 –3
2 15.0 × 10 2.5 × 10 2.0 × 10–5
3 15.0 × 10–3 10.0 × 10–3 3.6 × 10–4
Calculate,
(a) the order of the reaction with respect to NO, H 2 and overall order.
(b) rate constant.
(c) initial rate when [NO] = [H2] = 8.0 × 10–3mol L–1.
Also write the law for the given reaction.
33. Write short notes on any two [2 × 5 = 10]
a) Selection of indicator.
b) Amphoteric nature of ethanamide.
c) Chemistry of blue vitriol.
d) Extraction of mercury.

Trinity International Secondary School 151

 Set C
Group A
Attempt any fifteenquestions. [15 × 2 = 30]
1. 'NF3 is pyramidal while BF3 is triangular planar.' Elaborate.
2. 0.70 gm of a sample of Na 2CO3. XH2O was dissolved in water and the
volume was made to 100ml. 20ml of this solution required 19.8ml of
0.1N HCl for complete neutralization. Calculate the value of X.
3. The solubility of PbI2 is 3.25 gm/L at 250C. What is its solubility product
at this temperature? (Pb = 207, I = 126.5)
4. What is one faraday? How many coulombs are required to produce 20g
of calcium from molten CaCl2 ?
5. Define terms enthalpy and internal energy.
6. Calculate the free energy change for the dissolution of potassium nitrate
in water at 298K. Give ΔH=34KJ/mole and ΔS = 0.116 KJ/mole.
7. Differentiate between average and instantaneous rate of a reaction?
8. Which of the following is more susceptible towards nitration?
(a) Benzene (b) Phenol
9. Iodination of alkane is carried out in presence of HIO 3. Why?
10. Identify the products A, B and C in the reaction,
C 2 H 5 OH 
Na
A C  B Cl
2 H5I
2 ,

hv
C
heat
11. Suggest a chemical equation for the preparation of anisole.
12. Show your acquaintance to Cannizzaro reaction.
13. Why is benzoic acid less soluble in water than acetic acid?
14. What happens when nitroalkane is reduced with zinc in presence of
water?
15. Nitration of aniline is possible only after the protection of –NH2group.
Why?
16. Show your familiarity with Zwitter ions.
17. What are lipids? What are the principle functions of lipids?
18. What are the monomers of PVC and polythene? Write their structure.
19. Write the structure of sulphaguanidine.
20. Show with chemical equation philosopher’s wool is an amphoteric.

Trinity International Secondary School 152

21. What is Nesseler's reagent? How is it formed?
22. What are hardening and quenching of steel?

Group 'B'
Attempt any five questions: [5 × 5 = 25]
23. A neutral compound (A) having empirical formula C 2H6O on mild
oxidation gives compound (B). With very dilute alkali compound (B)
gives another compound (C). Compound (C) readily loses water
molecule on heating to form compound (D), which on oxidation gives
crotonic acid (2-Butenoic acid). Identify the compounds A, B, C and D.
Write the reactions involved.
24. Write notes on:
a) Claisen condensation.
b) Perkin condensation.
25. What product you get when,
a) Acetone is treated with ethyl magnesium iodide and subsequently
hydrolyzed.
b) Ethanamide is heated with Br2in presence of KOH solution.
c) Acetic acid is heated with ethanol in the presence of conc. H 2SO4.
d) CO2 is bubbled through an ethereal solution of methyl magnesium
bromide and the product formed is hydrolyzed.
26. The following rate data were obtained at 300K for the reaction:
2A + B C+D
Expt. [A] molL–1 [B] mol L–1 Rate of formation of
Dmol L–1min–1
1 0.1 0.1 6.0 × 10–3
2 0.3 0.2 7.2 × 10–2
3 0.3 0.4 2.88 × 10–1
4 0.4 0.1 2.4 × 10–2
Calculate,
a) Order with respect to the individual reactants.
b) Overall order of the reaction.
c) Rate constant.
d) Calculate the rate of formation of D when [A] = 0.5 ml L–1 and [B]
= 0.2 mol L–1.
27. Define Gibb's free energy. Show that ΔG = –T Δ S. What will be the
progress of chemical reaction when (i) ΔG = 0 (ii) ΔG < 0 and
(iii) ΔG > 0?

Trinity International Secondary School 153

28. For the cell, Cu(s)/ Cu++ (aq)// Ag+ (aq)/ Ag(s)
E Cu  / Cu  0.34v and E Ag / Ag  0.80v.
0 0

a)Identify the cathode and the anode as the current is drawn from the
cell.
b) Write the reaction taking place at the electrodes.
c) Calculate the standard cell potential.
29. Describe in brief, extraction of iron.

Group 'C'
Attempt any two questions: [2 × 10 = 20]
30. How is nitrobenzene prepared in laboratory? How is nitrobenzene
converted to chlorobenzene and vice-versa?

31. a) What are primary standard and secondary standard solutions? What
are the requirements of a primary standard substance?
b) 1.725gm of a metal carbonate is mixed with 300ml of N/10 HCl.
10ml of N/2 sodium hydroxide was required to neutralize excess of
acid. Calculate the equivalent mass of the carbonate.

32. a) In the reaction given,


A  B P 
4 / Br2
C KCN
 D H   E
2O / H

[H ]
Compound E is an organic compound having molecular formula
C3H7NO, which is also obtained by heating ammonium salt of
propanoic acid. Identify A, B, C, D and E in the reaction.
b) How do you separate aminoethane, N-methylaminoethane and N,N-
dimethylaminoethane by Hofmann's method?
33. Write short notes on any two [2 × 5 = 10]
a) Solubility product principle and its application.
b) Laboratory preparation of chloroform.
c) Conversion of calomel to corrosive sublimate and vice versa.
d) Chemistry of white vitriol.

Trinity International Secondary School 154

 Set D

Attempt any fifteenquestions. [15 × 2 = 30]

1. How do you predict the molecular geometry of NH 3 based on VSEPR

model?
2. 1.26% of 25ml dibasic acid neutralizes 42ml of 0.19 N NaOH. Find out
molecular weight of the acid.
3. Explain, why titration between weak acid and weak base cannot be
carried out?
4. Calculate equivalent conductivity of 1M H2SO4 solution whose
conductivity is 26 × 10–2 ohm–1cm–1.
5. State first law of thermodynamics.
6. How is free energy change of a reaction related to entropy change and
enthalpy change?
7. A first order reaction is 20% complete in 10 minutes. Calculate the time
taken for the reaction to go to 80% completion.
8. What happens when sodium benzoate is heated with sodalime?
9. Why is it difficult to undergo nucleophilic substitution in haloraene?
10. Give an example of Reimer-Tiemann reaction?
11. Why is the boiling point of methoxymethane lower than its isomer
ethanol?
12. What is resenmund reduction?
13. Why is chloroacetic acid stronger than acetic acid?
14. Give action upon nitrobenzene with fuming nitric acid and fuming
sulphuric acid at 1000C.
15. How would you prepare primary aliphatic amines from nitriles?
16. Give any two important functions of carbohydrate.
17. What are the basic components of nucleic acid?
18. Define a) insecticides b) fungicides c) herbicides and d)weedicides.
19. Give an example of an antipyretics and tranquillizers.

Trinity International Secondary School 155

20. Give any two preparation of silver nitrate.
21. What happens when HgCl2 reacts with excess of KI solution?
22. Explain why is zinc not considered as transition metal.

Group 'B'
Attempt any five questions: [5 × 5 = 25]
23. An organic compound A having molecular formula C6H6O gives a
characteristic color with aq. FeCl3 solution. A on treatment with CO2 and
NaOH at 400K under pressure gives B. Which on acidification gives a
compound C. C reacts with acetyl chloride to give D which is a popular
pain-killer? Deduce the structures of A, B, C and D.

24. How can you separate primary, secondary and tertiary amines by
Hoffmann's method?

25. a) Describe –NH2 group in aniline is o/p directing.

a) Elaborate aniline is less basic than aliphatic amine.

b) Give action of aniline upon aqueous bromine.

26. Define standard electrode potential. A galvanic cell consists of a metallic

zinc plate immersed in 0.1m zinc nitrate solution and lead plate in 0.02m
lead nitrate solution. Calculate the emf of cell at 250C. Write the chemical
equation for the electrode reactions.
Given: E0Zn++/Zn = –0.76V, E0Pb++/pb = –0.13v

27. What is useful work? Deduce the relationship between free energy
change and net work.

28. What are primary and secondary standard solutions? 7.8gm of a dibasic
and are dissolved in water and the solution made up to 250cc. If 25cc of
this solution require 32cc of 0.5N NaOH for complete neutralization, find
out the molecular weight of the acid.

29. What is rusting? Describe the electrochemical theory of rusting of iron.

List any two methods of prevention of rusting.

Trinity International Secondary School 156

 Group 'C'
Attempt any two questions: [2 × 10 = 20]
30. Describe the preparation of pure and dry nitrobenzene in laboratory. Give
the reduction reactions of nitrobenzene in different medium.

31. a) Write structures of A to F in the following reaction.

LiAlH PBr KCN D HNO conc.H SO
A 
4
 CH3CH2OH 
3
 B  C  CH3CH2CH2NH 2 
2
 E 
2

4
F
180 C

b) Describe the preparation of anhydrous formic acid in laboratory.

32. a) Define Hess's law with example:

b) Calculate the heat of combustion of 1mole of ethylene (C2H4) gas to
form CO2 and H2O (g) at 298K and 1 atom pressure, given heat of
formation (ΔH) of CO2 (g) is –94.1K cal/mole, H2O (g) is 57.8
Kcal/mole and C2H4 (g) is 12.5 Kcal/mole.
Given,
C+O2 → CO2 (g) ΔH = –94.1 Kcal
H2 + ½ O2 → H2O (l) ΔH = 57.8 Kcal
2C + 2H2 → C2H4 (g) ΔH = 12.5 Kcal
c) Calculate the ΔG0 of the following reaction.
CO (g) + ½ O2 (g) → CO2 (g)
Given ΔH0 282.8 KJ/mole
S0 CO2 (g) = 213.8 JK–1 mole-1
S CO (g) = 197.9 JK–1 mole-1
SO2 (g) = 205.0 JK–1 mole-1

33. Write short notes on any two [2 × 5 = 10]

a) Application of common ion effect.
b) Preparation of 10, 20 and 30 alcohol from Grignard reagent.
c) Chemistry of blue vitriol.
d) Purification of mercury.

Trinity International Secondary School 157

 Set E
Group – 'A'
Attempt any fifteen questions. [15 × 2 = 30]
1. Which hybridization in carbon of C-Cl in chlorobenzene and carbon in C-
Cl in chloroalkane?
2. What volume of water must be evaporated from 200ml of centinormal
sugar solution to make exactly binormal solution?
3. 'An aqueous solution of NaCl is neutral but that of NH 4Cl is acidic'. Why?
4. A solution is found to contain 0.63gm nitric acid per 100ml of the
solution. What is the pH of the solution if the acid is completely
dissociated?
5. Calculate the heat of formation of naphthalene from the following data:
C(s) + O2(g)  CO2(g) H = - 94.05 Kcal
H2(g) + ½ O2(g)  H2O (l) H = - 68.3 Kcal
C10H8 (l) + 12O210CO2(g) + 4H2O H = -1231.6 Kcal
6. How can you explain spontaneity of a process on the basis of free energy
change?
7. Define order of a reaction. State any one condition under which a
bimolecular reaction may be kinetically of first order.
8. Benzene is reactive towards electrophilic substitution reaction than
chlorobenzene. Why?
9. Tertiary haloalkane A upon dehydrohalogenation yielded a compound B.
Compound B on ozonolysis produces propanone and methanal, identify A
and B.
10. What is Lucas reagent? Give its action upon ethanol.
11. What happens when diethylether is treated with PCl5?
12. Write an example of Benzoin condensation.
13. Write chemical test that distinguishes methanoic acid from ethanoic
acid.Write chemical test that distinguishes methanoic acid from ethanoic
acid.
14. Explain –NO2 group in nitrobenzene is meta directing
15. What is diazotization reaction? Give an example.
16. What is the major difference between fats and the oils? How are fats
obtained from the oils?
17. What is meant by isoelectric point of an alpha amino acid?
18. What are natural and synthetic polymers? Give one example of each.

Trinity International Secondary School 158

19. What are fertilizers? Write any two examples of fertilizers containing
phosphorous.
20. What is Nessler's reagent?
21. Write the action of
i) Zn on cobalt nitrate ii) mercury with aqua – regia
22. What is the role of CO in the extraction of iron?

Group – 'B'
Attempt any five questions. [5 × 5 = 25]
23. Explain laboratory preparation of Nitrobenzene. What is obtained on
reduction of Nitrobenzene in neutral medium?
24. What happens when?
i) Propanone reacts with HCN followed by hydrolysis.
ii) Ethanoyl chloride reacts with H2 in presence of Pd supported over
BaSO4.
iii) Product obtained by dehydrogenation of ethanol is reacted with Tollen's
reagent.
iv) Product obtained by heating ethanoic acid with NH 3 is reacted with Br2
and KOH.
v) Benzene is heated with ethanoyl chloride in presence of anhydrous
AlCl3.
25. How are butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol and 2-methyl propan-2-ol detected by
Victor Meyer's test?
26. 0.05gm of impure CaCO3 solution need 30ml of N/5 (f = 1.5) NaOH
solution for complete neutralization. Find the percentage purity of CaCO3.
27. The standard reduction potential of Zn/Zn++ and Ag/Ag+ electrodes are
– 0.76V and + 0.80V respectively of electrochemical cell.
i) Write the cell reaction and cell notation.
ii) Calculate the emf of the cell.
iii) Draw electrochemical cell indicating anode and cathode.
28. What are the factors that affect the rate of a reaction.
29. What is rust? Describe the theories of rusting of iron.
Group – 'C'
Attempt any two questions. [2× 10 = 20]
30. How is anhydrous methanoic acid prepared in lab? Write its action on:
i) alkaline KMnO4 ii) Tollen's reagent iii) conc. H2SO4
31. An aliphatic carboxylic acid (A) gives (B) by heating with NH 3. The
compound (B) when heated with a mixture of Br 2 and aq. KOH gives (C).

Trinity International Secondary School 159

 The compound (C) when treated with a mixture of aq. NaNO 2 and HCl
gives a compound (D). When (D) is treated with P and I 2 give (E) and (E)
gives ethoxyethane when heated with dry Ag2O. Identify (A) , (B) and (C).
32. (a) Define activation energy. Compare the activation energies for forward
and backward process in a reversible endothermic reaction.
If t1 and t2 are required to complete 99.9% and 50% of a first order
reaction, then show that: t1: t2 = 10: 1
(b) State and explain Hess's law of constant heat summation.
33. Write short note on any two [2 × 5 = 10]
i) Applications of solubility product principle and common ion effect.
ii) Separation of 10, 20, 30 amines by Hoffmann's method.
iii) Chemistry of white vitriol.
iv) Extraction of silver

Trinity International Secondary School 160

 Set F
Group "A"
Attempt any fifteen questions: [15 × 2 = 30]
1. Predict the shapes of BeCl2 and NH3 molecules on the basis of VSEPR
theory.
2. Every normal solution is a standard solution but every standard solution is
not a normal solution. Why?
3. Calculate the pH of a resulting solution obtained by mixing 10 mL of 1 N
HCl and 25 mL of 0.5 N NaOH solutions.
4. Distinguish between metallic conductor and electrolytic conductor.
5. Differentiate between dependent and independent variable.
6. What are the thermodynamic criteria for the feasibility of a chemical
reaction?
7. A first order reaction is 75% complete in 60 minutes. Find the half life of
this reaction.
8. Convert nitrobenzene into benzene.
9. How would you convert 1-bromopropane to 2-bromopropane and vice
versa?
10. What is hydroboration oxidation reaction? Give an example.
11. What happens when ethoxyethane is treated with;
(a) Chlorine (b) Cold conc. HCl
12. How do methanal and ethanal act upon ammonia?
13. Why is - COOH group a meta directing towards electrophilic aromatic
substitution?
14. What happens when nitroethane is reduced with tin in presence of
concentrated hydrochloric acid.
15. Aniline is a weaker base than aliphatic amines. Comment.
16. What are carbohydrates? How are they classified?
17. What are lipids? What are their chief functions in living organism?
18. What are dyes? Give an example of azo dye with structure.

Trinity International Secondary School 161

19. What are the monomers of Nylon - 6, 6 and Dacron? Give their structure.
20. Write any two ores of copper with their molecular formula.
21. What do you mean by Galvanization? What is cathodic prevention?
22. What is mercury poisoning?

Group "B"
Attempt any five questions: [5 × 5 = 25]
23. Describe with neat labelled diagram how is nitrobenzene prepared in
laboratory in pure and dry state?
24. Convert the followings:
(a) 2-propanol to Pseudonitrol
(b) Sodium phenoxide to Aspirin
(c) Acetaldehyde to formaldehyde
25. An alcohol (A), C4H10O, on oxidation with acidic sodium dichromate,
gives a carboxylic acid (B) C4H8O2. Treatment of (A) with hot conc.
sulphuric acid brings about dehydration and gives compound (C) C4H8.
Treatment of (C) with warm aqueous sulphuric acid gives (D) C 4H10O, a
new alcohol isomeric with compound (A). Compound (D) is resistant to
oxidation. Identify (A), (B), (C) and (D). Give equations for all reactions.
26. Define solubility and solubility product of a salt. The solubility of AgCl
in water at 250C is 1.435 × 10–3 g L–1. Find its solubility in mol L–1 in
presence of 0.5 M KCl solution. (Ag=108, Cl=35.5) [2+3]
27. You are given the standard reduction potentials of Cu++/Cu and Fe++/Fe as
+0.34 V and –0.44 V respectively.
(a) Calculate the standard EMF of the cell.
(b) Write the cell reaction.
(c) Construct a galvanic cell indicating anode and cathode.
(d) Calculate the standard free energy change.
28. What is the difference between average rate and instantaneous rate of a
chemical reaction? What are the factors in which rate of any reaction
depends?
29. Write the preparation, properties and uses of mercurous chloride.

Trinity International Secondary School 162

 Group "C"
Attempt any two questions: [2 × 10 = 20]
30. How is methanoic acid prepared in the laboratory in pure and anhydrous
form? Write its action with (a) Tollen's reagent (b) mercuric chloride (c)
acidified KMnO4 and (d) phosphorous pentachloride. [6+4]
31. (a) How would you separate primary, secondary and tertiary amines
from their mixture by Hofmann's method?
(b) State clearly what happens when:
(i) Propanone is allowed to react with dil. NaOH.
(ii) Phenol is coupled with benzene diazonium chloride.
(iv) Benzaldehyde is heated with strong NaOH solution.
(v) Aniline is shaken well with bromine water.
32. (a) Define normality and morality. Find their relationship.
(b) Find the normality of 36% hydrochloric acid having specific
gravity 1.18.
(c) How are acid base indicator selected in different types of acid base
titration? Explain.
(d) 0.84 g of an acid of molecular weight 150 was dissolved in water
and the volume was made 160 mL. 25 mL of this solution required
28 mL of a decinormal NaOH solution for complete reaction.
Calculate the basicity of the acid. [2+2+3+3]

33. Write short notes on any two [2 × 5 = 10]

(a) Faraday's laws of electrolysis.
(b) Effects of substituent on acidity of aliphatic carboxylic acid.
(c) Extraction of Zinc.
(d) Manufacture of steel by Open Hearth process.

Trinity International Secondary School 163

 Set G

Group "A"
Attempt any fifteen questions: [15 × 2 = 30]
1. Draw the orbital picture of ethene and ethyne molecules
showing sigma (σ) and pi(π) bonds.
2. X grams of CaCO3 react with a litre of a normal HCl solution. So that final
strength of HCl is 0.2N. Calculate value of 'X'.
3. Define pH. Calculate the pH of 0.2N H2SO4.
4. Define standard electrode potential. What is meant by the oxidation
potential of Zn / Zn++ is 0.76V?
5. What is thermodynamic process? How does an isothermal process differ
from adiabatic process?
6. Define entropy. What is its unit?
7. What is order of reaction? Find the order of a reaction whose rate
constant is 4 × 10–4 mole–1 L S–1.
8. Convert benzene into benzaldehyde.
9. Why is nucleophilic substitution of haloarenes difficult than
haloalkhanes?
10. Identify (A), (B), (C) and (D) in the following reaction.
K Cr O / H  NH / 
(A) 2   (B)   (C)   (D)  
 CH 3 OH
2 7 3 2 aq.Br / aq.KOH
2 HNO , cold

11. Williamson's synthesis is the best method of ether preparation.

Justify.
12. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones towards
nucleophilic addition reactions. Explain.
13. How can you distinguish methanal and methonoic acid?
14. Convert nitrobenzene into benzene.
15. Why is –NH2 group of aniline protected before nitration?

Trinity International Secondary School 164

16. Draw open chain structure of monosaccharides which are obtained by the
hydrolysis of cane sugar.
17. What is the denaturation of protein? Give two examples.
18. Distinguish between antipyretic and antiseptic drugs.
19. Name the monomers of bakelite and Buna-S.
20. Give preparation of red and black oxide of copper.
21. Why does zinc become dull when it is exposed to moist air?
22. What happens when:
(a) Iron is treated with conc. HNO3
(b) Corrosive sublimate reacts with excess of KI solution.

Group "B"
Attempt any five questions: [5 × 5 = 25]
23. Describe with neat labeled diagram how is chloroform prepared in
laboratory by using dimethlyketone in pure and dry state.
24. Convert the followings:
(a) 2-bromopropane to 1-bromopropane.
(b) Cumene to picric acid.
(c) Acetaldehyde to lactic acid.
(d) Benzene to 1,3,5-tribromobenzene..
25. An organic compound 'A' on treating with 'B' gives 'C' and 'D'.
Compound 'C' on acidic hydrolysis gives 'B' and 'D'. When compound 'A'
is reduced by LiAlH4 gives 'B'. Calcium salt of 'D" on distillation gives E
(C3H6O) which gives positive iodoform test. Identify A, B, C, D and E
giving necessary chemical reactions.
26. State and explain Faraday's laws of electrolysis. Show that charge carried
by one mole of electrons is one Faraday. [4+1]
27. Define acid base indicators. How does an acid base indicator change its
colour? What do you mean by pH range of acid base indicator?

Trinity International Secondary School 165

28. For the reaction,
2 NO + Cl2 → 2 NOCl, the data obtained are:

Exp. [Cl2] mol L–1 [NO] mol L–1 Initial rate

(mol L–1 S–1)

I 0.02 0.01 2.40 × 10–4

II 0.02 0.03 2.16 × 10–3
III 0.04 0.03 4.32 × 10–3

Determine,
(a) Orders, with respect to Cl2, NO and the overall reaction.
(b) Rate equation for the reaction.
(c) Rate constant.
29. Describe the working principle of Blast furnace for the extraction of iron
with neat and well labelled diagram.
Group "C"
Attempt any two questions: [2 × 10 = 20]
30. How is anhydrous methanoic acid prepared in laboratory? Covert it into
ethanoic acid and vice-versa. [6+4]
31. (a) What happens when nitrobenzene is reduced in acidic, alkaline,
neutral and electrolytic conditions?
(b) How would you distinguish ethanol, 2-propanol and 2-methyl - 2 -
propanol by Victor - Meyer's method?
32. (a) State and explain second law of thermodynamics. What is the
significance of entropy of a system?
(b) 1g of a metal dissolved in 25 mL of 2NH2SO4 (f = 1.0). The excess
of the acid required 15.1 mL of 1N NaOH (f = 0.8) for complete
neutralization. Calculate the equivalent weight of the metal.
33. Write short notes on any two [2 × 5 = 10]
(a) Effect of temperature and catalyst on reaction rate.
(b) Laboratory preparation of ethoxyethane.
(c) Extraction of blister copper from copper pyrites.
(d) Chemistry of zinc white.

Trinity International Secondary School 166

 Set H
Group "A"

Attempt any fifteen questions: [15 × 2 = 30]

1. How would you interpret that HCH bond angle in methane is 109 0?
2. 10cc of N/2 HCl, 30cc of N/10 HNO3 and 60cc of N/5 H2SO4 are mixed
together. Calculate normality of the mixture.
3. The pH of a solution is 3.301. What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the
solution? Also calculate [OH-]
4. Can you use an aluminium spoon to stir copper sulphate solution?
5. Draw energy profile diagram for exothermic and endothermic reaction.
6. What are the criteria of spontaneity, non-spontaneity and equilibrium state
for an isolated system?
7. Explain effect of temperature on rate of a chemical reaction.
8. Complete the following organic reaction:
NiAl / NaOH Conc.H SO
Cl 
 ? 
2
4  ?

9. Identify X, Y, and Z in the following reaction.

dry ether CO H O / H
R – X + Mg  X 2  Y 2 
 Z
10. Define absolute alcohol, methylated alcohol, rectified spirit and alcoholic
beverage.
11. How is ethoxyethane distinguished from ethanol?
12. Which product is obtained, when propanone is treated with Zinc amalgam
and conc.HCl?
13. What is Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction?
14. Alcoholic silver nitrite is used instead of sodium nitrite for the preparation
of nitroalkane why?
15. What happens when ethanamine is treated with ethanoic anhydride?
16. Classify the carbohydrates on the basis of taste.
17. What are the biological functions of DNA?

Trinity International Secondary School 167

18. Define dyes. Give characteristics of dyes.
19. Give an example of antibiotics and analgesics with their formula.
20. A light blue colored precipitate 'A' obtained by the addition of caustic soda
in the solution of cupric sulphate is converted to a black precipitate 'B' on
heating. What are 'A' and 'B'?
21. Name any two ores of iron.
22. Write the action of mercury with:
a) Aqua regia
b) hot and conc. HNO3
Group 'B'
Attempt any five questions. [5 × 5 = 25]
23. How would you prepare pure and dry trichloromethane from acetone in
laboratory?
24. Give action upon phenol with
a) Phthalic anhydride in presence of conc. H2SO4.
b) Benzene diazonium chloride in alkaline medium at 00C.
c) Ferric chloride solution.
d) Bromine in presence of CS2.
25. An organic compound A (C3H6O) is resistant to oxidation but forms
compound B (C3H8O) on reduction, which reacts with HBr to form the
bromide (C). C forms a Grignard reagent which reacts with A to give D
(C6H14O). Give the structures of A, B, C and D with proper chemical
equations.
26. Write short notes on collision theory of reaction rate.
27. 500ml of X N HCl solution required Y ml of 0.1N NaOH for complete
neutralization and the resulting mixture yielded 14.625gm of solid NaCl
by evaporation. Find X and Y.
28. Explain Bronsted - Lowry concept of acids and bases. What do you mean
by the term conjugate acid base pair? Point out the limitations of
Bronsted - Lowry concept of acids and bases. [2+1+2=5]
29.How would you extract mercury from Cinnabar?

Trinity International Secondary School 168

 Group 'C'
Attempt any two questions. [2 × 10 = 20]
30. Describe the preparation of anhydrous methanoic acid in laboratory. Also
shows dual character of methanoic acid? [6+4=10]
31. a) How would you distinguish primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol by
Victor Meyer's method?
b) How would you distinguish following pairs?
i) CH3CH2OH and CH3OH ii) CH3COCH3 and CH3CHO
[5+2.5+2.5 = 10]
32. a) State and explain Ostwald's dilution law.
b) A solution is 0.1M in Cl- ion and 0.1M in CrO4-- ion. If solid AgNO3 is
gradually added to this solution, which one will precipitate first? What
will be the concentration of Cl- ion when Ag2CrO4 starts precipitating?
[Ksp of AgCl = 1.7 × 10-10 and Ksp of Ag2CrO4 = 1.9 × 10-12]
[5+5=10]
33. Write short notes on any two: [2×5=10]
a) Variation of conductivity with concentration.
b) Laboratory preparation of nitrobenzene.
c) Manufacture of steel by Bessemer process.
d) Chemistry of black oxide of copper.

Trinity International Secondary School 169

 Set I
Group "A"
Attempt any fifteen questions: [15 x 2 = 30]
1. What are hybrid orbitals? Write distinguishing features of sp and sp 2
hybrid orbitals.
2. 10ml of 2N acid is mixed with 4ml of 2.5N alkali and solution is diluted
to 100 ml. Find the normality of resulting solution.
3. What will be the spontaneous reaction when the following half reactions
are combined?
a) Fe3+ + e–  Fe2+, E0 = +0.77v
b) MnO4– + 8H+ + 5e–  Mn2+ + 4H2O, E0 = +1.49v
Find the standard EMF of the cell.
4. Predict the following solutions as acidic or basic or neutral –
a) aqueous CaCl2
b) aqueous Na2CO3
5. Suggest whether entropy of a solid increases or decreases on fusion.
6. What are enthalpy and internal energy of the system? Write the relation
between them when a process occurs at constant temperature and
pressure.
7. How would the rate of a reaction changes for a reaction, A + B 
products, for which the rate is given as,
Rate = K [A] [B]2
a) Concentration of A is halved?
b) Concentration of B is doubled?
8. What happens when benzene is treated with Cl2,
a) in presence of FeCl3 in dark.
b) in presence of uv light.
9. Identify X and Y with IUPAC names in,

CH 3CH 2 Br aq
.NaOH
 X I  Y
2 / NaOH


10. How can you convert methanol to 2–methyl–2–propanol.

Trinity International Secondary School 170

11. Anisole reacts with HI to give phenol and methyliodide but not
iodobenzene and methyl alcohol. Explain.
12. Why are ketones less reactive than aldehydes towards nucleophiles?
13. Starting from iodoethane how would you obtain propanoic acid?
14. What happens when,
a) benzamide is warmed with aq. Br2 and KOH solution.
b) Nitrobenzene is allowed to electrolytic reduction.
15. What are reducing and non-reducing sugars? Give examples.
16. Distinguish globular and fibrous protein.
17. Write the characteristics of an ideal fertilizer.
18. Differentiate thermosetting and thermoplastic polymers with an example
of each.
19. Describe the role of limestone in smelting of iron ore.
20. What happens when –
a) ZnSO4 is treated with NaOH solution till excess.
b) CuSO4 solution is treated with aq. KI solution.
21. Starting from Hg2Cl2 how would you prepare –
a) mercurous oxide
b) mercury

Group "B"
Attempt any five questions: [5 x 5 = 25]
22. Dehydrohologenation of compound 'A' and 'B' yield same alkene 'C'
which can regenerate 'A' and 'B' by addition of HBr in presence and
absence of organic peroxide respectively. Hydrolysis of A and B give
isomeric products 'D' and 'E'. Ozonolysis of C gives ethanal and
methanal. Give structures and IUPAC names of A, B, C, D and E with
required reactions.
23. How is ethoxyethane prepared in the laboratory? How is it converted to
methoxyethane? [4+1]
24. Starting from aniline how would you prepare –

Trinity International Secondary School 171

 a) sulphanilic acid
b) p-benzoquinone
c) benzene diazonium chloride
d) N–methyl aniline
e) benzylidene aniline
25. What is degree of ionization? Calculate the degree of ionization of 0.01M
solution of acetic acid. Also find the pH of the solution (Given Ka of
acetic acid is 1.8×10-5). [1+4]
26. State Faraday’s first law of electrolysis. How long a current of 3 ampere
has to be passed through AgNO3 solution to coat metal surface of 80cm2
and 0.05mm thick layer (Given, density of Ag = 10.5gm cm -3). [1+4]
27. What is enthalpy of formation? Calculate the enthalpy of formation of
ethane if enthalpies of combustion of C, H and C2H6 are – 94.14 Kcal,
– 68.47 Kcal and – 373.30 Kcal respectively.
28. Describe the chemistry of blue vitriol.

Group "C"
Attempt any Two questions: [2 x 10 = 20]
29. a) Find A, B, C, D and E in the following reaction sequence.

A NH
 2 
3  B Br 2 
 C NaNO
KOH
 D Cu
HCl
2 
2Cl  E
HCl

   

The compound A on heating with soda-lime gives benzene. Also

write reactions involved in the process.
b) Write the action of ethanoic acid with –
I. LiAlH4
II. P2O5
III. PCl5
IV. NH3
V. Red P4 and Cl2
30. a) How are 1-propanol, 2-propanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol are
distinguished by Victor-Meyer’s method? [5]

Trinity International Secondary School 172

 b) How is nitrobenzene prepared in the laboratory. Convert nitrobenzene
to p-hydroxyazobenzene. [4+1]
31. a) What is order of a reation?
b) From the following data for the reaction between A and B.
S.N. [A] mole L-1 [B] mole L-1 Initial rate (mole L-1S-1)
1. 2.5×10-4 3×10-5 5×10-4
2. 5×10-4 6×10-5 4×10-3
3. 1×10-3 6×10-5 1.6×10-2
Calculate – i) the order of reaction w.r.t. A.
ii) the order of reaction w.r.t. B.
iii) total order of a reaction
iv) the value of rate constant
c) How is free energy change related to enthalpy change and entropy
change? Discuss the criteria of spontaneity, non-spontaniety and
equilibrium of exothermic and endothermic reaction on the basis of
free energy and etropy changes. [1+4+5]
32. Write short note on
a) Separation of 10, 20 and 30 amines by Hoffmann’s method.
b) Factors affecting rate of reaction.
c) Extraction of zinc.
d) Chemistry of corrosive sublimate.

Trinity International Secondary School 173

 Set J

Group "A"
Attempt any fifteen questions: [15 x 2 = 30]
1. Predict the molecular geometry of NH3 based on hybridization.
2. Methyl orange cannot be used in the titration of NaOH and (COOH) 2.
Why?
3. A solution with pH 6 is diluted 100 times. Calculate pH of the resulting
solution.
4. Freezing of water below 00C is spontaneous. Why?
5. Calculate the concentration of nickel ion in its saturated solution. (Given
Ksp = 2 × 10-6)
6. Can we store 1M CuSO4 solution in silver vessel? (Given, E0Ag+/Ag = +
0.80 volt, E0Cu++/Cu = + 0.34 volt)
7. Differentiate between rate constant and rate of reaction.
8. How can you distinguish formaldehyde and benzaldehyde from a single
test?
9. Identify A, B & C in the following reactions:
H / Pd BaSO 4 Zn  Hg / HCl Cl 2 / hυ
A 2  B  C   Chloroethane
10. An organic compound X on catalytic hydration gives an aldehyde which
responds to the iodoform test. Identify X, writing related reactions.
11. How is chloroform tested for presence of phosgene gas?
12. What do you mean by phthalein dye? Write one example with structure.
13. Name one analgesic and one antipyretic drug with structure.
14. How is peptide bond formed? Write one example.
15. Classify carbohydrates with respect to hydrolysis and give one example
of each.
16. Molecular weight of ethanol and dimethyl ether is same but ethanol is
liquid whereas dimethylether is gas at room temperature. Why?

Trinity International Secondary School 174

17. What happens when ethanamine is heated with chloroform in presence of
caustic soda solution?
18. Why is phenol less acidic than carboxylic acid?
19. How are black and red oxide of copper obtained from cupric sulphate
solution?
20. Show your familiarity with Freidel-Craft acylation.
21. What happens when zinc oxide is heated with cobalt nitrate?
22. Write the molecular formula of:
(i) Mohr’s salt (ii) Green vitriol

Group "B"
Attempt any five questions: [5 x 5 = 25]
23. Define common ion effect and solubility product. Discuss its application
in qualitative analysis. [2+3]
24. Define rate law. A first order reaction is 50% complete in 30 minutes.
What time does it take for 90% completion of the reaction? [1+4]
25. How electrochemical equivalent, chemical equivalent and Faraday are
related? What time does it take to reduce the concentration of 2 litre 1M
CuSO4 solution to 0.25M by passing 3A current? [2+3]
26. An organic compound ‘A’ with a molecular formula C7H6O2 gives
positive NaHCO3 test. Its sodium salt on decarboxylation gives the
parent hydrocarbon ‘B’. On Friedel-Craft alkylation, compound ‘B’
gives compound ‘C’ with molecular formula C7H8. Identify A, B and C
writing the related reactions. Why does ‘B’ not respond to Baeyer’s test?[4+1]
27. How is trichloromethane prepared in the laboratory from propanone?
Why it doesnot give positive test with AgNO3? [4+1]
28. Describe the chemical method of separation of 10, 20 and 30 amines from
their mixture.
29. Write down self explanatory diagram of blast furnace for the extraction
of iron with related reactions in different zones.

Trinity International Secondary School 175

 Group "C"
Attempt any Two questions: [2 x 10 = 20]
30. a) How is aniline prepared in laboratory in pure and dry state? [6]
b) How would you convert aniline into:
i) phenyl isocyanide ii) benzene diazonium chloride
iii) p-benzoquinone iv) benzene
31. a) Define the terms: [1 × 5]
i) Equivalence point ii) Indicator iii) Seminormal solution
iv) Basicity of acid v) Titrand
b) 6.95gm of FeSO4.xH2O crystals was accurately weighed and
dissolved in dil. H2SO4. This solution was diluted upto 250 cc. 20 cc
of this solution needed 16 cc of N/8 KMnO4 solution for complete
reaction. Calculate the value of x. [5]
32. a) Describe Victor Meyer’s method to distinguish 1 0, 20 and 30 alcohols.[5]
b) Compound A having molecular formula C5H10O2 when refluxed with
dil. HCl gives compound ‘B’ and ‘C’. Compound B doesnot react
with acidified KMnO4 but compound C can be oxidized by acidified
KMnO4 to give compound ‘D’ which further react with Methyl
Magnesium Chloride followed by hydrolysis in acidic medium to give
alcohol having formula C4H10O, it rapidly reacts with Lucas reagent
but very slowly with sodium. Identify A, B, C and D with proper
reactions.
33. Write short notes on any two: [2 × 5]
a) Lab preparation of anhydrous methanoic acid.
b) Extraction of Hg from Cinnabar.
c) Chemistry of white vitriol.
d) Hydrolysis of salt.

Trinity International Secondary School 176

 HSEB – 2072 (2015)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group ‘A’
Attempt any fifteen questions. [15×2=30]
1. Define hybridization and write any two features of tetrahedral
hybridization. [1 + 1]
2. Distinguish between end point and equivalence point of reaction. [1 + 1]
3. Calculate the pH of 0.1N H2SO4. [2]
4. Calculate the number of coulombs required to deposit 40 gm of aluminum
from molten Al2O3. [2]
5. Distinguish between enthalpy of combustion and enthalpy of
formation. [1 + 1]
6. How would you predict the spontaneity of a system in term of free-energy
change? [2]
7. What is meant by instantaneous rate of reaction? Write the expression for
the rate of the following reaction: [1 + 1]
2N2O5(g)  4NO2(g) + O2(g)
8. How would you prepare benzene from:
i) ethyne
ii) sodium benzonate [1 + 1]
9. A haloakane reacts with aq. NaOH to give isopropyl alcohol. What
major product would you get when is heated with Na in presence of
dry ether? [2]
10. Write a structural formula of secondary alcohol of C3H8O and give its
method of preparation using Grignard reagent. [1 + 1]
11. How would you obtain: [1 + 1]
i) anisole from phenol
ii) methoxyethane from ethanol
12. Write an example of: [1 + 1]
i) Rosenmund’s reduction
ii) Cannizzaro’s reaction
13. Identify and in the following sequence of reaction and give their
IUPAC name. [1 + 1]
(CH 3 CO) 2 O
LiAlH 4
Δ
→  CH
  

COOH
3

Conc. H 2SO4
14. How are the following conversion carried out? [1 + 1]

Trinity International Secondary School 177

 i) Nitroethane into N-ethyl hydroxylamine.
ii) Nitrobenzene into azobenzene
15. Give the major products of the following reactions: [1 + 1]
i) Benzamide + Br2 
aq.NaOH


ii) Aniline + Benzenediazonium chloride 

warm

16. What are disaccharides? What happens when they get hydrolysed? [1 + 1]
17. Write an example of simple lipid. What happens when lipid gets
hydrolysed? [1 + 1]
18. Write down the molecular formula of monomers of [1 + 1]
i) Bakelite
ii) Nylon-66
19. Mention an important use of each of the followings: [0.5 × 4 = 2]
i) Antiseptics
ii) Antibiotics
iii) Germicides
iv) Herbicides
20. Write down a balanced chemical equation for the preparation of calomel.
What happens when calomel is treated with ammonia solution? [1 + 1]
21. Give reason: [1 + 1]
i) Silver nitrate produces permanent black stain on the skin?
ii) Mettalic copper turns black when exposed to moist air?
22. What is Rinman’s green? Write its important uses. [1 + 1]
Group ‘B’
Attempt any five questions: [5×5=25]
23. Define the terms: [2 + 3]
i) Standard electrode potential
ii) Electrochemical series
The standard electrode potentials are given as:
E 0 Zn 2  0.76V
Zn

E 0 Fe3  0.77V
Fe 2

i) Construct a cell notation for a galvanic cell indicating anode and

cathode.
ii) Calculate the e.m.f. at 1 M solution of ions.
iii) Will the reaction Zn2+ + 2Fe2+  Zn + 2Fe3+ occur?
24. Write any two applications of Hess’s law. Heat of formation of ethyl
alcohol, water and carbondioxide are -64.1 KCal, -68.5 KCal and -95 KCal.
Calculate the heat of combustion of ethyl alcohol. [1 + 4]

Trinity International Secondary School 178

25. What is meant by redox titration? 4gm of a divalent metal was dissolved in
100cc of 2MH2SO4 (f = 1.01). The excess acid required 30 cc of 1N NaOH for
complete neutralization. Find the atomic mass of the metal. [1 + 4]
26. How would you obtain blister copper from copper pyrites? [5]
27. Describe laboratory method of preparation of chloroform. How does
chloroform react with acetone? [4 + 1]
28. Give the chemical reactions for the preparation of ethanoic acid from
i) sodim ethoxide ii) ethanenitrile iii) methyl magnesium iodide
Why is acetic acid weaker acid than chloro acetic acid? [3 + 2]
29. An aliphatic compound A reacts with SOCl2 to give B. B on reduction with
H2 in presence of Pd/BaSO4 to give C. When HCN is added to C, produces
D. On hydrolysis of D in acidic medium forms E. Compound C. gives
idoform test and produces silver mirror with Tollen’s reagent. Identify A,
B, C, D, E and write reactions involved. [5]
Group ‘C’
Attempt any two questions: [2×10 = 20]
30. Give any four points of difference between molecularity and order of a
chemical reaction. What is meant by pseudo first order reaction? Write an
example of it. [4 + 2 + 1.5 + 1 + 1.5]
The experimental data for the reaction
2A + B  C is
Initial concentration of Rate of reaction mol L-1 sec-1
Expt no.
[A] mol L-1 [B] mol L-1
1 0.1 0.1 7×10-3

2 0.3 0.2 8.4×10-2

3 0.3 0.4 3.36×10-1

4 0.4 0.1 2.8×10-2

Determine:
i) Over all order of reaction
ii) rate law equation
iii) calculate the rate of formation of C when concentration of [A] and [B]
are 0.6 mol L-1 and 0.3 mol L-1 respectively.
31. How is dry and pure nitrobenzene prepared in the laboratory? Identify A,
B, C and D in the following reaction sequence:

A 
Zn
B CH
3Cl
 C CeO
  D
2 /H

 AlCl3

Trinity International Secondary School 179

 Compound D when react with zinc amalgam in presence of acid to give
toluene. [6 + 4]
32. Describe Victor Meyer’s method to distinguish propan -2-ol and 2-methyl
propan-2-ol. Give a reaction to show that the H-atom of the –OH in alcohol
is weakly acidic. [5 + 1 + 2 + 2]
Convert the followings:
i) Propan-1-ol into Propan-2-ol
ii) ethanal into propanone.
33. Write short notes on any two: [2 × 5 = 10]
a) Rusting of iron
b) Chemistry of white vitriol
c) Application of solubility principle and common-ion effect in salt
analysis.
d) Separation of 10, 20 and 30 amines by Hoffman’s method.

Trinity International Secondary School 180

 HSEB – 2073 (2016)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group ‘A’
Attempt any fifteen questions. [15×2=30]
1. How would you predict the geometry of ammonia molecule on the basis of
VSEPR theory? [2]
2. Define the terms: [1+1]
a) Normality factor
b) Secondary standard solution
3. State Ostwald's dilution law and mention its limitation. [1+1]
4. Predict whether the following reaction will occur spontaneously or not.
Why? [1+1]
Pb2+ + 2Ag  2Ag+ + Pb
given,
E°Ag+/Ag = 0.80V
E°Pb+2/Pb = - 0.13V
5. Define standard enthalpy of formation. If heat change for the following
reaction is 1648KJ, what is the standard enthalpy of formation of Fe 2O3
4Fe(s) + 3O2(g)  2Fe2O3(s)
6. Under what conditions is the reaction expected to occur [1+1]
i) spontaneous
ii) non-spontaneous, if H and S are positive for the reaction?
7. Draw an energy profile diagram to show influence of catalyst in the rate of
chemical reaction. [2]
8. What happens when: [1+1]
i) Sodiumbenzoate is heated with soda-lime.
ii) Benzene is heated with hydrogen in presence of nickel powder.
9. Identify and and give their IUPAC name in the following sequence of
reaction. [1 + 1]
CH3  Br     
AgCN(alc)
LiAlH 4
 
10. How does phenol react with [1+1]
i) aqueous bromine
ii) Benzene diazonium chloride.
11. Write down isomeric ether of isopropyl alcohol and use Williamson's
synthesis process for the preparation of such ether. [1+1]
12. How would you obtain [1+1]

Trinity International Secondary School 181

 i) 3-hydroxybutanal and
ii) 2-hydroxy propanoic acid from ethanal?
13. Predict the major products of the following reactions: [1+1]
P2 O 5
i) CH3COOH

Pd / BaSO4
ii) CH 3 COCl 

14. Why does nitrobenzene undergo electrophilic substitution at meta
position? [2]
15. Give a suitable chemical test to distinguish ethanamine from N-methyl-
methanamine. [2]
16. Distinguish between synthetic polymer and natural polymer with an
example of each. [1+1]
17. What is meant by antipyretic drug? Write a structure of it. [1+1]
18. Illustrate the formation of peptide bond with an example. [2]
19. What are reducing sugars? Write an example of it. [1+1]
20. Starting from copper, how would you obtain blue vitriol? [2]
21. What happens when Zinc white is [1+1]
i) heated
ii) treated with caustic alkali.
22. Name any two important ores of iron. Which parts of Nepal are these ores
mainly found? [1+1]
Group ‘B’
Attempt any five questions: [5×5=25]
23. How does molar conductivity vary with concentration for weak
electrolyte? Give reason for its variations. A solution contains 2gm of
anhydrous BaCl2 in 400 cm3, its conductivity is found to be 5.8×10 -3cm-1.
Calculate the molar conductivity of BaCl2 (At. wt. of Ba = 137) [3+2]
24. What is meant by acidity of base? 500cc of 2N Na 2CO3 are mixed with 400cc
of 3N H2SO4 and volume was diluted to one litre. Will the resulting
solution be acidic, basic or neutral? Also calculate the molarity of the dilute
solution. [1+2+2]
25. Write down the chemistry of corrosive sublimate. [5]
26. Define (i) rate law, (ii) Half-life period of a reaction.
In a first order reaction, 40% of reactant gets converted into product in 30
minutes. What time would it require to convert 75% into product? [1+1+3]
27. Describe the labarotary method of preparation of anhydrous formic acid.
How does it react with tollen's reagent? [4+1]
28. Give the chemical reactions for the preparation of propanone from
(i) 2, 2 dibromopropane (ii) calcium acetate iii) propane-2-ol.
How is propanone converted into 2-methylpropan-2-ol? [1+1+1+2]

Trinity International Secondary School 182

29. An aliphatic compound A reacts with aq. NaOH to give B. B on oxidation
with K2Cr2O7/H produce
+ C. The compound C undergoes clemmensen
reduction to give propane. If compound C responses positive Iodoform
test, identify A, B and C. What product would you expect when A is
heated with H2/Ni? [5]
Group ‘C’
Attempt any two questions: [2×10 = 20]
30. How is pure aniline prepared in the laboratory? Identify the major
products A, B, C and D in the following reaction sequence: [6+4]
Aq .NaOH Br NaNO Hcl CuCl
A 
2
 B 
2

 C  D
0c Hcl
The compound D if heated with chlorol in presence of acid gives DDT.
31. What are the oxidation products of primary, secondary and tertiary
alcohol? Write down suitable methods for the conversion of [5+2.5+2.5]
(i) ethanol to propanol
(ii) Chloroform to dimethyl amine.
32. What is the common-ion effect? Explain its main applications. The
solubility product constant (Ksp) of Ca(OH)2 at 25°c is 4.42×10-5. A 500ml of
saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 is mixed with an equal volume of 0.4M
NaOH. What mass of Ca(OH)2 is precipitated out? [2+4+4]
33. Write short notes on any two: [2 × 5 = 10]
a) Extraction of blister copper from copper pyrite.
b) Manufacture of steel by open-hearth process
c) Hess's law of constant heat summantion and its application.
d) Separation of 1°, 2° and 3° amines by Hoffmann's method.

Trinity International Secondary School 183

 NEB – 2074 (2017)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group ‘A’
Attempt any fifteen questions. [15×2=30]
1. Which kinds of hybridization results into linear geometry. Give an example
of such hybridization. [1+1]
2. How is end point differed from quivalence point? [2]
3. Is an aqueous solution containing hydroxyl ions concentration 3.33x10 -1
mol L-1 acidic, basic or neutral? [2]
4. State first law of thermodynamics and points out its limitation. [1+1]
5. How many coulombs of electricity are required to deposit 20gm of Ca from
molten CaCl2? [2]
6. How would you apply the relation- G  TS total to predict whether
the process is spontaneous or non spontaneous? [2]
7. Write the rate expression for the following reaction: [1+1]
2HI  H2 + I2
If the rate of formation of I2 is 9.1x10-6 mol L-1S-1, what will be the rate of
disappearance of HI?
8. Identify the major products and B in the following reaction
sequence. [1 + 1]
  Cl
2  
NaOH/ CaO
Sodium be nzoa te 
 light

9. Why is chloroform stored in dark coloured bottle containing ethanol? [2]

10. Starting from phenol, how would you obtain benzaldehyde? [2]
11. Write an example of Williamson’s etherification reaction. What is its
importance? [1+1]
12. Write an example of each of the following: [1+1]
i) Tollen’s test
ii) Aldol condensation
13. What is meant by carboxylation reaction? Write an example of it. [1+1]
14. Why does nitrobenzene undergo electrophilic substitution at meta-
position? [2]
15. Write down the structure of a secondary amine and a tertiary amine from
C3H9N and give their IUPAC name. [1+1]
16. Write down the structural formula of monosacharides obtained by
hydrolysis of sucrose. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 184

17. Define denaturation of protein. Mention the factors which are responsible
for denaturation. [1+1]
18. Name a condensation polymer and an addition polymer. What are the
structures of their monomers? [1+1]
19. Mention an important use of each of the following: [0.5x4]
i) Antipyretic drug
ii) BHC
iii) Herbicides
iv) NPK fertilizers
20. Give the balanced chemical reaction for the preparation of copper sulphate
from copper. What happens when blue vitriol is heated at 100 0c? [1+1]
21. Distinguish between quenching and tempering of steel. [1+1]
22. What product would you expect when zinc white is heated with cobalt
nitrate? Write an application of the product. [1+1]
Group ‘B’
Attempt any five questions: [5×5=25]
23. Name a primary reference electrode and mention its an important use. For
a cell; Mg (s) / Mg++ (1M) //Cu++ (1M)/ Cu (s)
E0Mg++ / Mg = -2.37v and E0Cu++/Cu = +0.34V [2+3]
i) Indicate cathode and anode
ii) Write the reactions taking place at electrode.
iii) Calcualte the emf and 1M solution of its ions
24. Define the terms. [1+2+2]
i) Titration error
ii) Standard solution
Calculate the volume of 1M NaOH required to neutralize 200 cc of 2M
HCL. What mass of sodium chloride are produced from the neutralization
reaction? [1+1+1+2]
25. Define bond enthalpy. The bond enthalpies of gases H2, Cl2 and HCL are
104 Kcal mol-1, 58Kcal mol-1 and 103Kcal mol-1 respectively. Calculate
enthalpy of formation of HCL(g). [1+4]
26. How is blister copper obtained from copper pyrite? [5]
27. Describe the laboratory method of preparation of ethoxy ethane. Why is it
dangerous to boil old sample of ether. [4+1]
28. Give chemical reactions for the preparation of ethanoic acid from:
(i) 1,1,1-trichoro ethane (ii) methyl magnesium iodide iii) ethane nitril.
How is ethanoic acid converted into methanoic acid? [3+2]
29. An Alkene A undergoes ozonolysis to give an aldehyde and ketone as the
major products. The aldehyde and the ketone further go Clemenson’s

Trinity International Secondary School 185

 reduction to yield ethane and propane respectively. Identify A and give its
IUPAC name. What product your expect when A is treated with HBr?[4+1]
Group ‘C’
Attempt any two questions: [2×10 = 20]
30. How is pure aniline prepared in the laboratory? Identify A, B, C and D in
the following reaction sequence: [6+4]
acetic anhydride
NaOH/ CaO CH CI /  CeO / H   sodium acetate
sodiumbe nzoa te
 A 
3

 B 2  C  D
 AICl 3

31. Write down the structural formula of tertiary alcohol and its IUPAC name
of C4H10O. How would you apply Victor Mayer’s method for the
distinction of propan-1-o1 from propan-2-o1? Write an example of;
[2+4+2+2]
(i) Oxo-process
(ii) Baeyer’s test
Convert propane-2-o1 into propane-1-o1
32. Define (i) Activation energy (ii) Rate law equation. What are the different
between order and molecularity of reaction? From the following data for
the reaction between A and B
2A + B2  2AB
Experiment [A]mol L-1 [B]mol L-1 [Initial rate] mol L-1S-1
1 0.50 0.50 1.6x10-4
2 0.50 1.00 3.2x10-4
3 1.00 1.00 3.2x10-4
Calculate the rate of formation of AB when [A] = 2mol L -1 and
[B] = 4mol L-1 [2+4+4]
33. Write short notes on any two: [2 × 5 = 10]
a) Theory of corrosion in iron
b) Separation of 10, 20, 30 amines from their mixture
c) Application of solubility product principle and common ion effect in
qualitative analysis.
d) Extraction of zinc from zinc blende.

Trinity International Secondary School 186

 NEB – 2075 (2018)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group ‘A’
Attempt any fifteen questions. [15×2=30]
1. Predict the mode of hybridization: [1+1]
i) Carbon in ethyne
ii) Oxygen in water
2. Distinguish between primary standard solution and secondary standard
solution. [1+1]
3. Calculate the PH of the solution by dissolving 1 gm of NaOH in 1 litre of its
solution. [2]
4. A solution contains 1g of NaCl in 200 cm3 and its specific conductance is
found to be 2.55x10-2 ohm-1 cm-1. Calculate its molar conductance. [2]
5. Define enthalpy of formation giving an example of it. [2]
6. Give reason: [1+1]
i) Gases have the highest absolute entropy among the three state of
matter.
ii) Decrease of enthalpy is the sole criterion for feasibility of a process.
7. A hypothetical reaction P + Q  Z is athird order reaction. Write its
possible rate law expression. [2]
8. IdentifyA and B in the following reaction sequence. [1 + 1]

A    Cl
NaOH / CaO

2
C 6 H 6 Cl 6
 light
9. What products would you expect when: [1+1]
i) Benzene diazonium chloride is heated with copper powder in presence
of HCl.
ii) Chlorobenzene is heated with 2,2,2-trichloro ethanol.
10. Write a structural formula of 30 alcohol of C4H10O. How is this alcohol
prepared by using Grignard reagent? [1+1]
11. Give an example of unsymmetrical ether and write Williamson’s synthesis
process for its preparation. [1+1]
12. What major product would you obtain when methanol reacts with
ammonia? Write an important use of the product. [1+1]
13. Predict the major products of the following reactions: [1+1]
i) CH 3 CO2 O  
LiAlH 4

Trinity International Secondary School 187

 ii) CH3 COOH NaOH
/ 
CaO

14. Starting from nitrobenzene how would you obtain picric acid? [2]
15. Write an example of: [1+1]
i) Decarboxylation reaction
ii) Carbylamines reaction
16. Define the terms: [1+1]
i) Invert sugar
ii) Reducing sugar
17. What are nitrogen bases? Name the nitrogen bases present in DNA. [1+1]
18. Distinguish between homopolymer and co-polymer with an example of
each. [1+1]
19. What are antipyretic drugs? Give the name and structure of an antipyretic
drug. [1+1]
20. What happen when ammonia gas is passed through the aqueous solution
of
i) Corrosive sublimate ii) Calomel. [1+1]
21. Silver nitrate solution is widely used for staining fingers of voters during
election. Give reason. [2]
22. Give balanced chemical equations for the following:[1+1]
i) Zinc white is heated with cobaltnitrate.
ii) Zinc is exposed to moist air.
Group ‘B’
Attempt any five questions: [5×5=25]
23. What is meant by standard hydrogen electrode? Write its important
application. The standard electrode potentials are given as:
E0Zn/Zn+2 = -0.76V
E0Fe+3/Fe+2 = +0.77V [2+3]
i) Construct a cell notation for a galvanic cell indicating anode and
cathode.
ii) Calculate the e.m.f. at 1M solution of ions.
iii) Will the reaction Zn2+ + 2Fe2+  Zn + 2Fe3+ occur?
24. State Hess’s law of constant heat summation. Heat of combustion of
benzene (C6H6) is -3280 KJ. Heat of formation of CO2 and water are -395 KJ
and -286 KJ respectively. Calculate the heat of formation of benzene. [1+4]
25. What is meant by normality factor? How many ml of conc. HNO 3 of
specific gravity 1.41 containing 69% by mass are required to prepare 500 ml
of 0.5N HNO3. [1+4]
26. How is still manufactured by open-hearth process. Write the composition
of stainless steel. [4+1]

Trinity International Secondary School 188

27. Write down the chemical reaction for the preparation of trichloromethane
from acetone. How would you convert trichloromethane into i) chloretone
ii) methane iii) formic acid [2+1+1+1]
28. How is anhydrous formic acid prepared in the laboratory? Why does
methanoic acid give Tollen’s test? [3+2]
29. An aliphatic compoundAreacts with SOCl2 to give B. B on reduction with
H2 in presence of Pd/BaSO4 to give C. When HCN is added to C produces
D. On hydrolysis of D in acidic medium forms E. Compound C can be
obtained by heating a mixture of sodium formate and sodium acetate.
Identify A, B, C, D, E and write reactions involved.
[5]
Group ‘C’
Attempt any two questions: [2×10 = 20]
30. How is a strong electrolyte differed from a weak electrolyte? Derive the
mathematical equation for Ostwald’s dilution law. Point out its limitation.
Calculate pH of the solution obtained by mixing 150 ml of 0.2N HCl and
150 ml of 0.1N NaOH solution. [2+3+1+4]

31. How is pure and dry aniline prepared in the laboratory? Identify A, B, C, D
in the following reaction sequences: [2+4+2+2]

A 
Zn
B CH
3CI
 C CeO
2  D
/H
 AICl3

Compound D when react with zinc amalgam in presence of acid to give

toluene. [6+4]
32. Describe Victor Meyer’s method of distinguish propan-2-ol and 2-methyl
propan-2-ol. Give a reaction to show that the H-atom of the –OH in alcohol
is weakly acidic. Convert the followings:
i) Propan-1-ol into propan-2-ol
ii) Ethanol into propanone [5+1+2+2]
33. Write short notes on any two: [2 × 5 = 10]
i. Extraction of blister copper from copper pyrites
ii. Order and molecularity of reaction
iii. Chemistry of white vitriol
iv. Separation of amine by Hoffman’s method

Trinity International Secondary School 189

 NEB – 2076 (2019)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
(Group 'A')
Attempt any fifteen questions. [15×2=30]
1. C in C2H2 gets SP hybridization, why?
2. Distinguish between titration error and normality factor.
3. Write the conjugate acid and base of NH3
4. How many coulombs are required to produce
i) 80gm of calcium from molten CaCl2?
ii) 50gm of Aluminum from moltenAl2 O3?
5. State the first law of thermodynamics.
6. Calculate entropy change (S) and free energy change (G) for the
conversion of ice into water at equilibrium when enthalpy change (H) is
9kj/mol.
7. You are given a rate law equation Rate=K [A]2 [B]. By how many times will
the rate increase or decrease for the reaction if
i) Concentration of A is doubled while that of B remain constant.
ii) Concentration of A is kept constant that of B is doubled?
8. How is sodiumbenzoate converted into acetophenone?
9. Explain, why is chlorobenzene less reactive than benzene in electrophilic
substitution reacton?
10. What product would you obtain when penol is treated with
i) Benzene diazonium chloride?
ii) Phathalic anhydride?
11. Identify tie major products A and B giving heir IUPAC names in the
given reaction sequence.
excess HI A Sodium Phenoxide B
Methoxy methane
 
12. An organic Compound C3H6O does not give silver mirror with tolien's
reagent but gives yellow precipitation with NaOH and I2 Identify the
compound and write the reaction involved.
13. Why is nitro group called an ambident group?

Trinity International Secondary School 190

14. What happens when aniline is
i) Treated with benzene diazonium chloride.
ii) Heated with chloroform in presence of alc.KOH.
15. Write down the functional Isomer of methyl methanoatem, what product
would you expect when the isomer is heated with P2O5?
16. What are lipids? Name the products formed when simple lipids undergo
hydrolysis.
17. What is meant by i) invert sugar and ii) non-reducing sugar.
18. Mention an important function of each of the following:
i) DDT ii) Nitrogen fertilizer
iii) tranquilizers iv) brad spectrum antibiotics
19. Name the monomers of backelite and state the polymerisation process of it
20. How is granulated zinc obtained? Write its an important application.
21. Why is silver nitrate solution used for staining fingers of voters during
election?
22. What is meant by i) quenching of steel. ii) annealing of steel.
Group 'B'
Attempt any five questions. [5×5=25]
23. It is better to express concentration in molality tather than molarity, Why?
Xgm of a metal (equivalent weight=12) was completely dissolved in 100 cc
of N/2 HCL solution. The volume was then made up to 500cc. It is found
that 25cc of the diluted acid solution required 17.5cc of N/10 NaOH for
complete neutralization. Find the value of X.
24. Mention the important application of standard hydrogen electrode. The
3
standard electrode potential for Fe and I 2 are +0.77v and +0.54v
Fe 2 I
respectively
i) Draw the standard cell notation.
ii) Identify the anode and cathode as the current drawn from it.
iii) Write the cell reaction taking place at the electrodes.
iv) Calculate standard cell potential.
25. State enthalpy of combustion. If head of formation of CO2 H2O and C6 H12
O6 are -395 KJ mol-1, and 1169KJ mol-1 respectively. Calculate the heat of
combustion of glucose.
26. Write the chemistry of corrosive sublimate.
27. Starting from Grignard's reagent, how would you prepare.
i) propan-ol

Trinity International Secondary School 191

 ii) propan-2-ol.Mention the chemical test to distinguish them. Write down
the atructure formula of neo-pentyl alcohol and its IUPAC name.
28. How is trichloromethane prepared in the laboratory? Why is it discouraged
to use chloroform as an anesthesia?
29. An aliphatic compound A reacts with SoCl2 to give B . The compound B' is
heated with ammonia to produce 'C' The compound 'C' is further heated
with Br2/KoH to yield 'D'. The compound 'D' gives 'E' when treated with
NaNO2 / HCL at low trmperature. The compound 'E' primary alcohol
which gives positive idoform test. Identify A,B,C,D and E,. Write reactions
involved.
Group 'C'
Attempt any two questions. [2×10=20]
30. Describe laboratory method of preparation of pure and dry nitrobenzene.
Identify the major products A,B,C and D in the following reaction sequence
PCl2 H2 alc.KCN
A B C D
 Pd / BaSO 4
The compound C can be obtained by oxidation of toluene in presence of
CeO2 /H+
31. (a) How is propanone prepared from
i) 2,2- dicholoro propane ii) isopropyl alcohol ii) propyne.
Give the suitable chemical reaction of the conversion of ethanoicacid
into
i) methane ii) methyl ethanoate.
b) Write down a structure formula of primary, secondary and tertiary
amines of each from C3 H9 N. How would you apply Hoffmann's
method to separate them from their mixture?
32. State ostwald's dilution law. What is the limitation of this law? Define the
terms
i) ionic product of water
ii) common ion effect
iii) degree of ionisatin
iv) PH value. What will be the resultant pH when 200ml of aqueous
solution of HCL (PH=2) is mixed with 300ml of an aqeous solution of
NaOH(PH=12)?
33. Write short notes on any two.
i) Chemistry of rusting theory of iron
ii) Extraction of blister copper from copper from copper pyrites
iii) Lewis concept of acid and base
iv) Laboratory preparation of ethoxyethane.

Trinity International Secondary School 192

 Model Questions – 2078 (2021)
Subject: Biology (214) Full Marks: 75
Time: 3 hrs. Pass Marks: 27

Set A
Candidates are required to give answers in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Zoology
Attempt all the questions.

1. Answer any seven in short: [7 × 1 = 7]

(a) Mention the location of squamous epithelium.
(b) Define ECG & EEG.
(c) What is corpus striatum?
(d) Define homograft.
(e) How hormones are different from enzymes?
(f) Name the disease caused by Leishmania donovani.
(g) Where are greater vestibular glands located?
(h) What is dark adaptation?
(i) Mention three deficiency disorders of vitamin A.
(j) What are haustra and taenia coli?

2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) Difference between Parasympathetic & Sympathetic nervous system.
(b) Give a short note on poultry diseases.
(c) Detail structure of mammalian ovary. (diagram only)
(d) Differentiate between bone & cartilage.
(e) Labeled diagram of a nephron.
(f) Give an account of physiology of respiration.
(g) Describe the structure and functions of human teeth.
3. Describe location, structure & hormones secreted from thyroid gland.
Also state the effects of hypo of hyper-secretion of thyroid hormones.
[7.5]
OR
What are infectious dieses? Describe epidemiology of one infectious
disease that you have studied.

4. What is coelom? Describe the development of coelom in frog. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 193

 Botany
Attempt all the questions.
1. Answer in short: [7 × 1 = 7]
(a) What is diffusion?
(b) Define guttation
(c) What is imbibition?
(d) Define meristems.
(e) Define genetic code.
(f) What is gene pool?
(g) Define crossing over.
(h) What is genetic engineering?
(i) Define cross pollination.
(j) Define anaerobic respiration.

2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) Describe microsporogenesis in brief.
(b) Write down the factors affecting transpiration.
(c) Describe an experiment to show CO2 is evolved during respiration.
(d) Explain a cross between haemophilic man with normal woman.
(e) Define linkage. Write about complete linkage.
(f) Define biotechnology. Write down its application.
(g) Describe the types of simple permanent tissue.

3. What is crossing over? Describe its mechanism. [8]

4. Describe the structure of stomata and explain the mechanism of its

opening and closing. [7.5]
OR
Describe the anatomical features of dicot root and compare it with that of
monocot. [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 194

 Set B
Zoology
Attempt all the questions.
1. Answer any seven in short: [7 × 1 = 7]
+
(a) What is Na pump?
(b) What is ACTH?
(c) What do you mean by broad spectrum antibiotics?
(d) Define epiboly.
(e) Name the technique used for determining sex & metabolic disorders
of foetus.
(f) Define menarche & menopause.
(g) What is Rh factor?
(h) Mention the role of erythropsin and cyanopsin.
(i) Define anatomical dead space.
(j) Name the cells that form enamel and dentine.
2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) Give an account of cochlea of human ear.
(b) Write an account of structure of adrenal gland and disorders of its
imbalanced secretions.
(c) Write the functions of fat soluble vitamins.
(d) What's cancer? Differentiate between benign and malignant tumors.
(e) Draw a labelled sketch of human heart.
(f) Give an account of membranous cochlea.
(g) Explain, why pancreas is called as heterocrine gland?
3. Describe the process of gastrulation in frog. [7.5]
OR
What is hepatitis? Describe briefly about hepatitis 'A' & hepatitis 'B'.

4. Describe the structure & function of human brain. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 195

 Botany
Attempt all the questions.
1. Answer any seven in short: [7 × 1 = 7]
(a) Why does a plant bend towards light?
(b) Define photoperiodism.
(c) Define osmosis.
(d) Differentiate endarch and exarch xylem.
(e) What are the factors of a germinal variation?
(f) Define biotechnology.
(g) What are anticodons?
(h) Define reverse transcription.
(i) What is recombinant DNA?
(j) Define dendrochronology.

2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) Write down the anatomical differences between dicot and monocot
stem.
(b) Differentiate light and dark reaction.
(c) Explain alcoholic fermentation process.
(d) Mention the characters of sex-linked inheritance.
(e) Explain the different types of RNA.
(f) Write down the factors affecting crossing over.
(g) Differentiate photosynthesis and respiration.

3. What is linkage? Describe its type with suitable examples. [8]

4. What is secondary growth? Describe secondary growth in dicot stem with

diagrams. [7.5]
OR
Describe Krebs cycle. [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 196

 Set C
Zoology
Attempt all the questions.
1. Answer any seven in short: [7 × 1 = 7]
(a) Name the cell and gland ufich secretes insulin in human beings.
(b) Define the term drug abuse.
(c) Mention the function of pons varolii.
(d) Define natural pace-maker.
(e) Which cells of the areolar tissue produce heparin & histamine?
(f) What does LSD cause?
(g) Name the mineral required for the healthy growth of bones and teeth.
(h) Mention the role of pharyngotympanic tube.
(i) Define tidal volume.
(j) Mention the location and function of sphineter of oddi.
2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]
(a) Mention the functions of liver.
(b) Mention the criteria for selection of fish species in commercial fish
farming.
(c) What is alcoholism? How does alcoholism affect a community and a
society?
(d) Describe in brief the conduction of nerve impulse in myelinated
nerve.
(e) Draw T.S of mammalian ovary. (Description not required)
(f) Describe the causative agent, symptoms & control measures of Kala-
azar.
(g) Write short note on human blood group.

3. Describe the mechanism of urine formation in human. [8]

OR
Define population. How human population grows? Write the problems of
over population.

4. Describe the embryonic development of frog up to the formation of

gastrula. [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 197

 Botany
Attempt all the questions.
1. Answer any seven in short: [7 × 1 = 7]
(a) What is Diffusion Pressure Deficit (DPD)?
(b) Define Plasmolysis.
(c) What is photolysis of water?
(d) What are the components of xylem?
(e) Define cistron.
(f) What is codon?
(g) What is recombinant DNA?
(h) Define linkage.
(i) Name different types of complex permanent tissue.
(j) Define Central dogma.

2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) What are complex tissues? Describe the components of xylem.
(b) Describe the factors that affect photosynthesis.
(c) Describe an experiment to show CO2 is essential during
photosynthesis.
(d) Explain a cross between red eyed female and white eyed male
Drosophila.
(e) Explain the structure of DNA.
(f) What is genetic code? Write down its characters.
(g) Explain polygenic inheritance.

3. Explain DNA as a genetic material. [8]

4. What is photosynthesis? Describe light reaction in detail. [7.5]

OR
Describe the internal structures of dicot stem. Write the anatomical
differences between dicot stem and monocot stem. [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 198

 Set D

Zoology
1. Answer any seven questions in brief. [7×1=7]
(a) What are apocrine glands?
(b) Write the components of connective tissue.
(c) Define spermatogenesis.
(d) Mention different types of papillae in the tongue of man.
(e) What is Bohr’s effect?
(f) Mention the role of cerebellum.
(g) Write full form of LSD.
(h) Define crude birth rate.
(i) Define allograft.
(j) Name any two commonly cultured poultry breeds in Nepal.

2. Write short answer of any five questions. [5×3=15]

(a) Write short note on adipose tissue.
(b) Describe the structure and functions of teeth.
(c) Draw well-labeled diagram of Human heart to show its internal
structure. (No description required)
(d) Differentiate between infectious and non-infectious diseases.
(e) Suggest some measures to control overpopulation.
(f) Discuss fertilization and its effect in frog.
(g) Give a brief account of amniocentesis.

3. Describe the process of food digestion in human beings. [8]

4. Give an account of causes, clinical features and control & preventive
measures of Cancer. [7.5]
OR
Explain the structure and function of human ear.

Trinity International Secondary School 199

 Botany
Attempt all the questions.

1. Answer any seven in short: [7 × 1 = 7]

(a) Define osmotic potential.
(b) What is transpiration?
(c) What are phytohormones?
(d) Define dendrochronology.
(e) What is recon?
(f) Define central dogma.
(g) Write the components of a nucleotide.
(h) Define x-linked inheritance.
(i) Define mutation.
(j) What is krantz anatomy?

2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) What are meristems? Write general characters of meristems.
(b) Describe the significance of osmosis in plants.
(c) Describe an experiment to show oxygen is evolved during
photosynthesis.
(d) Define mutation. Describe allopolyploidy with example.
(e) Differentiate continuous and discontinuous variation.
(f) What is transcription? Describe its mechanism.
(g) Describe about chromosomal aberration.

3. What is sex-linked inheritance? Describe it with reference to eye color in

Drosophila. [8]

4. What is photosynthesis? Describe Calvin cycle in detail. [7.5]

OR

Describe the anatomical features of monocot stem. [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 200

 Set E

Zoology

1. Answer any seven questions in brief. [7×1=7]

(a) Name any two structures where do you find brush bordered
columnar epithelium.
(b) What are osteocytes?
(c) Differentiate isograft and allograft.
(d) Mention the role of vitamin C.
(e) Mention the role of sertoli cells.
(f) List the roles of medulla oblongata.
(g) Write function of ADH.
(h) What is drug addiction?
(i) What are vaccines?
(j) Name any two commonly cultured fish species in Nepal.

2. Write short answer of any five questions. [5×3=15]

(a) Differentiate striated and unstriated muscles.
(b) Discuss the process of absorption of food in man.
(c) Describe the structure and functions of thyroid gland.
(d) Explain the phenomenon of chloride shift.
(e) Explain the structure of complete gastrula.
(f) Give a brief account of population growth curves.
(g) Describe spermatogenesis.

3. Explain origin and conduction of heart beat in human beings. [8]

4. Give an account of causative agent, clinical features and control &

preventive measures of AIDS. [7.5]
OR
Explain the structure and function of human kidney. [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 201

 Botany
Attempt all the questions.

1. Answer all in short: [7 × 1 = 7]

(a) Define turgor pressure.
(b) What is nyctinasty?
(c) Name the phytohormone mostly used for rooting.
(d) Define genome.
(e) Name the organism, used in Fermentation.
(f) What is the female gametophyte in angiosperms?
(g) Define aneuploidy.
(h) Define senescence.
(i) What is X-linked inheritance?
(j) What are mutagens?

2. Answer any five in brief: [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) Write the differences between isobilateral and dorsiventral leaf.
(b) Write a short note on operon model.
(c) Explain the process of crossing over.
(d) Describe the development of dicot embryo.
(e) Write a short note on genetic recombination in bacteria.
(f) What are the advantages of biofertilizers?
(g) Describe plant cell as on osmotic system.

3. Describe Mendel's laws of inheritance. [8]

4. Describe the anatomical structures of dicot stem and compare it with that
of monocot. [7.5]

OR
Describe Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. . [7.5]

Trinity International Secondary School 202

 Set F

Zoology
1. Answer any seven questions in brief. [7 × 1 = 7]
(a) Name the proteins found in A-band and I-band of striated muscle
fiber.
(b) Give the location of nissl’s granules.
(c) Name the diseases caused due to deficiency of calciferol.
(d) Define stroke volume.
(e) Write the meaning of Rhesus incompatibility.
(f) What is corpus callosum?
(g) Mention the role of sertoli cells.
(h) What are psychotropic drugs?
(i) Mention when the amniocentesis is performed.
(j) Name any two live attenuated vaccines.

2. Write short answer of any five questions. [5 × 3 = 15]

(a) Write a brief note on areolar tissue.
(b) Explain protein digestion in man.
(c) Describe the phenomenon of chloride shift.
(d) Draw a well-labeled diagram of human eye.
(e) Name the hormones secreted by thyroid gland. Mention effects of
hypo- and hyper-secretion of these hormones.
(f) Differentiate J-shaped and S-shaped population growth curves.
(g) Write short notes on poultry diseases.

3. Explain development of Frog upto the formation of gastrula. [7.5]

4. What is AIDS? Elaborate its origin, causative agents, modes of

transmission and control measures. [8]

Or

Describe the process of urine formation in a nephron. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 203

 Botany

Attempt all the questions.

1. Write very short answers of any seven questions: [7 × 1 = 7]
(k) Why does a plant bend towards light?
(l) Define photoperiodism.
(m) Define osmosis.
(n) Differentiate endarch and exarch xylem.
(o) What are the factors of a germinal variation?
(p) Define biotechnology.
(q) What are anticodons?
(r) Define reverse transcription.
2. Write short answers of any five questions: [5 × 3 = 15]
(h) Write down the anatomical differences between dicot and monocot
stem.
(i) Differentiate light and dark reaction.
(j) Explain alcoholic fermentation process.
(k) Mention the characters of sex-linked inheritance.
(l) Explain the different types of RNA.
(m) Write down the factors affecting crossing over.
3. What is secondary growth? Describe secondary growth in dicot stem with
diagrams. [7.5]
OR
Describe Krebs cycle. [7.5]
4. What is linkage? Describe its type with suitable examples. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 204

 HSEB – 2072 (2015)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group ‘A’
Zoology
Attempt all questions.

1. Answer in short on any seven: [7×1=7]

a. What is matrix?
b. Define gastrulation.
c. What do you mean by dead space?
d. Write the full form of FSH and LH.
e. What is antibiotics?
f. Mention the incubation period of Hepatitis ‘B’.
g. Why is amniocentesis banned?
h. How would you define drug?
i. Name a drug that gives boundless energy.
j. Define significance of poultry farming.
2. Answer in brief on any five: [5×3=15]
a. Describe Adipose tissue.
b. Discuss the formation of coelom in the embryo of frog.
c. Explain the role of surrogate mother.
d. Describe the structure and function of cochlea.
e. Mention the functions of fat soluble vitamins.
f. Draw a neatly labeled sketch of a nephron. (No description
required)
g. Discuss the advantages of fish farming.
3. Give a detailed account of male reproductive organs of man. [7.5]
Or
What are myogenic hearts? Explain origin and conduction of heart
beat in human being.
4. Discuss the causative agent, mode of transmission, symptoms, and
diagnosis and control measures of Tuberculosis. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 205

 Group ‘B’
Botany
Attempt all question.
1. Answer in short on any seven: [7×1=7]
a. What is apical meristem?
b. Define phototropism.
c. What does it mean by deplasmolysis?
d. What is genetic material?
e. Define offspring.
f. Mention about gootee.
g. What is pollen tube?
h. Illustrate about entomophily.
i. Define tissue culture.
j. Elaborate about bio-fertilizer.
2. Answer in brief on any five: [5×3=15]
a. Structure and function of stomata.
b. Light reaction.
c. Process of crossing over.
d. Reason of pea plant selection for Mendel’s experiments.
e. Law of dominance.
f. Process of Microsporogenesis.
g. Possible dangers of genetic engineering.
3. Describe the T.S. of dicot stem with well labeled diagrams and
compare it with monocot stem also. [7.5]
Or
Define respiration and explain the experiment to demonstrate the
aerobic respiration with well labeled diagrams.
4. Define sex-linked inheritance and discuss it with special reference
to eye colour of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly). [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 206

 HSEB – 2073 (2016)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
Botany
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer, in short, any seven. [7×1=7]
a) What is permanent tissue?
b) Define transpiration.
c) What is the role of homone?
d) What does it mean by monohybrid cross?
e) Write the full form of t RNA and m RNA.
f) Define the role of rhizome.
g) State about microgametogenesis.
h) What is pollen tube?
i) What do you mean by biotechnology?
j) Mention about biofertilizer.
2. Describe, in brief, any five. [5×3=15]
a) Structure and function of conjoint vascular bundle.
b) Significance of photosynthesis.
c) Mechanism of crossing over.
d) Codominance
e) Characteristic of genetic code.
f) Process of fertilization.
g) Advantages of polyploidy.
3. Describe and compare the anatomical structure of dicot and monocot stem
with neat and clean diagrams. [7.5]
Or,
What is respiration? Describe the various steps involved in Kreb's cycle.
4. What is genetic material? Describe the structure and function of DNA. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 207

 Group 'B'
Zoology
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer in short on any seven. [7×1=7]
a) Which protein is present in white fiber?
b) Mention the role of acrosome.
c) What do you understand by yellow spot?
d) State Ionic Theory.
e) Write the meaning of arteriosclerosis.
f) Which hormone is called emergency hormone and why?
g) What is carcinogen? Give two examples.
h) What is vaccine?
i) What is xenograft? Mention its use.
j) What do you mean by poultry farming?
2. Answer in brief on any five. [5×3=15]
a) Differentiate between cartilage and bone.
b) Discuss Gastrulation in Frog.
c) Write short note on Natural Pacemaker.
d) Explain ovarian cycle.
e) Write on control and prevention of smoking.
f) Discuss methods of control of over population.
g) Explain the advantages of fish farming in Nepal.
3. What is aerobic respiration? Describe pulmonary respiration in human
with suitable diagram. [7.5]
Or
Discuss the causative agent, mode of transmission, symptoms, control and
prevention of Ascariasis in the context of Nepal.
4. Describe the structure and function of human brain with well labeled
diagram. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 208

 NEB – 2074 (2017)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
Botany
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer, in short, any seven. [7×1=7]
a) What is the function of xylem?
b) Define glycolysis.
c) What do you mean by phototropism?
d) What does it mean by heredity?
e) What is genotype?
f) State about cutting.
g) Mention about gymnosperm.
h) Elaborate entomophilly.
i) Define biofertilizer.
j) What is the role of yeast?
2. Describe, in brief, any five. [5×3=15]
a) Structure and function of collenchyma.
b) Stomata and its functions.
c) Reasons of choosing pea plants in Mendel experiment.
d) Significance of polyploidy.
e) Structure of DNA.
f) Importance of genetic engineering in medicine.
g) Double fertilization.
3. Define secondary growth and describe the process involved in dicot stem
with figure. [7.5]
Or,
What is transpiration? Discuss the process of transpiration by bell jar
method.
4. What is sex linked inheritance? Discuss it with special reference to eye
colour of fruit fly. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 209

 Group 'B'
Zoology
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer in short on any seven. [7×1=7]
a) Differentiate between chyme and chyle.
b) What is Hamberger shift?
c) Define Rh-factor.
d) What is barr-body?
e) Give the name of one mixed and one motor nerves.
f) Write the possible blood groups of children when parents blood group
are A and AB.
g) What causes the characteristics smell of urine?
h) Which stage of egg is laid by frog?
i) Define the term deamination.
j) Give the Dental formula of an adult man.
2. Answer in brief on any five. [5×3=15]
a) Differentiate between striated and unstriated muscles.
b) Discuss about the hormones secreted by thyroid gland.
c) What is Malthus theory of human population? Discuss the
consequences of overpopulation.
d) What is gastrulation? Discuss the process of gastrulation during the
development of frog with diagrams.
e) Define organ transplantation and discuss its different types.
f) Define addiction. Discuss the different types of drugs and their effects.
g) Write down the differences between sympathetic and parasympathetic
nervous system.
3. Describe the origin and conduction of heart beat with necessary diagram.[7.5]
Or
Describe the structure of human eye with well labeled diagram.
4. Discuss the different stages, causative agents, symptoms, treatment and
types of cancer. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 210

 NEB – 2075 (2018)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
Botany
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer, in short, any seven. [7×1=7]
a) Define meristematic tissue.
b) What is imbibition?
c) Mention the two names of plant hormone.
d) What do you mean by gene pool?
e) Elaborate offspring.
f) What is grafting?
g) What does it mean by microsporogenesis?
h) Define anemophily.
i) Mention about green manure.
j) Illustrate about vaccine.
2. Describe, in brief, any five. [5×3=15]
a) Structure and function of stomata.
b) Kinds of transpiration.
c) Law of dominance.
d) Semi conservative method of DNA replication.
e) Incomplete dominance.
f) Significance of fermentation technology.
g) Application of genetic engineering in agriculture.
3. Define permanent tissue and discuss the structure and function of simple
permanent tissues in detail. [7.5]
Or,
Describe the experiment to demonstrate that light is necessary for the
process of photosynthesis.
4. Describe in detail about Mendel’s law of independent assortment up to F 2
generation. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 211

 Group 'B'
Zoology
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer in short on any seven. [7×1=7]
a) Name the covering of lungs.
b) Mention the total amount of blood in an average person.
c) What do you mean by auditory meatus?
d) What is PEM?
e) Which structure is called pace maker of the heart?
f) Which pigment enables us to see in the dark?
g) Mention the importance of Rh factor.
h) What is prolaxis?
i) Give any two applications of vaccines.
j) What are immunosuppressants?
2. Answer in brief on any five. [5×3=15]
a) Give an account of areolar tissue.
b) How is gastrula formed during the development of frog?
c) How carbohydrate is digested in human digestive tract?
d) The role of graafian follicle.
e) How impulse transmitted through a nerve fibre?
f) Various problems of over population.
g) Advantages of fish farming.
3. Describe the structure and functions of an adrenal gland. [7.5]
Or
Describe the structure of a nephron giving its working mechanism.
4. Explain the sources and effects of different types of drugs on health. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 212

 NEB – 2076 (2019)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 75
Pass Marks: 27
Group 'A'
Botany
Attempt all questions.
1. Answer in short on any seven. [7x1=7]
a) What is apical meristem?
b) Define plasmolysis.
c) Where does auxin sinthesize?
d) Mention about dominat allele.
e) Define heredity.
f) What does it mean by scion?
g) What is microspores?
h) State about cleistogamy.
i) Illustrate about callus culture.
j) Define biotechnology.
2. Describe in brief on any five. [5×3=15]
a) Structure and function of sclerenchyma.
b) Collateral vascular bundle.
c) Difference between homozygous and heterozygous.
d) Structure of RNA.
e) Process of translation.
f) Development of monocot embryo.
g) Possible danger of genetic engineering.
3. Describe the various factors that influences the photosynthesis in
plants. [7.5]
OR
Describe the various factors that affects the process of respiration in plants.
4. Define genetic material and describe the process involved in semi
conservative method of DNA replication with neat and clean diagram.

Trinity International Secondary School 213

 Group 'B'
Zoology

Attempt all questions.

1. Answer in short on any seven. [7×1=7]
a) Name main component of matrix.
b) What is organogenesis?
c) What is meant by dead space?
d) Why is ultra filtration called so?
e) In which part of oviduct fertilization occurs?
f) Write full form of ELISA.
g) Why and when was TB declared as world emergency?
h) What do you mean by allograft?
i) Who invented the first Antibiotics?
j) What are pullets?
2. Describe in brief on any five. [5×3=15]
a) Write short note on lymph.
b) Write down the fate of mesoderm.
c) Discuss CO2 transport.
d) Explain working of heart.
e) Differentiate between sympathetic and para sympathetic nervous system.
f) Discuss significance of surrogacy.
g) Write down the mode of the transmission of hepatitis B.
3. Describe the structure and function of uriniferous tubule with labeled
diagram. [7.5]
OR

Describe the structure of female reproductive organs with menstrual cycle

in human being.
4. Describe the causative agent, mode of transmission, symptoms, control and
prevention of Typhoid. [8]

Trinity International Secondary School 214

 Model Questions – 2078 (2021)
Subject: Mathematics (216) Full Marks: 100
Time: 3 hrs. Pass Marks: 35

Set A
Group 'A'
Attempt all questions.
1. (a) In how many ways can 6 different beads be strung on a necklace? [2]
(b) If C0, C1, C2, --- Cn are the binomial coefficients in the expansion of
(1 + x)n, show that:C0 + C2 + C4 + --- = 2n-1 [2]
(c) Show that the multiplication is a binary operation on the set
S = {-1,0,1}. [2]
2. (a) Find th equation of the parabola whose focus at (-3,4) and directrix
2x – y + 5 = 0. [2]
(b) Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (1,2,-2) and
parallel to 2x + 3y – z = 5. [2]
(c) Find the area of the parallelogram determined by the vectors
→ → → → → →
i + 2 j + 3 k and -3 i - 2 j + k [2]
3. 𝜃
(a) If a and b are any two unit vectors then show that | a − b | = 2sin 2 [2]
xe x log( x + 1)
(b) Using L'Hospital, Evaluate: lim [2]
x→0 x2
dx
(c) Integrate:  (x -  )(x -  )
(   ) [2]

4. (a) Solve: ex-ydx + ey-xdy = 0. [2]

(b) Find the standard deviation of the following data:
10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 [2]
1
(c) The chance that A can solve a certain problem is and the chance
4
2
that B can solve it is . Find the chance that the problem will be
3
solved it they both try. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 215

5. (a) In how many ways can 4 Art students and 4 Science students be
arranged alternately at a round table? [4]
(b) Show that the set of all positive rational numbers forms an abelian
ab
group under the composition defined bya  b = [4]
4
dx
6. (a) Integrate:  1  sin x  cos x [4]

OR
2
(x - 1)dx
Evaluate the integral: x4
 x2 1
dy
(b) Solve the differential equation: (x2 – y2) = xy [4]
dx
7. (a) Verify that f(x) = x – x3 on [-2, 1] satisfies the condition of the first
mean value theorem and find c prescribed in the theorem. [4]

(b) The incidence of occupation disease in an industry is such that the

workmen have a 20% chance of suffering from it. What is the
probability that out of six workmen four or more will contact the
disease? [4]
8. (a) Find the equation of the normal to the parabola y2 = 4ax in the slope
form. [4]
OR
Find the eccentricity and the foci of the hyperbola 3x2 – 4y2 = 36.
(b) Using vector method show thatcos(A – B) = cosAcosB + sinAsinB.
9. If the three consecutive coefficients in the expansion of (1+x) n be
165, 330, 462; find n. [6]
10. Define direction cosine of a line. Prove that the line whose direction
cosines are given by the relations al + bm + cn = 0 and fmn + gnl + hlm =
f g h
0 are perpendicular if + + =0. [6]
a b c
11. Determine the degree of relationship between the ages of husbands and
their wives from the following data and hence interpret the
result. [6]
Age of the husband 23 22 24 23 26 27
Age of the wives 20 18 20 21 21 22

Trinity International Secondary School 216

 Group – 'B'
12. (a) Two forces whose magnitures are P and P 2 act on a particle in
directions inclined at an angle of 135 0 to each other. Find the
magnitude and direction of the resultant. [2]
(b) A train moving with a velocity of 360 km/hr has the uniform
acceleration 40m/s2. Obtain the distance covered by the train in ½
minute. [2]
(c) A stone is projected vertically upwards from the foot of the tower
with a velocity just sufficient to carry it to 78.4m. Find the velocity of
the stone with which it is projected. (g = 9.8 m/s2) [2]
13. (a) State and prove converse of triangle of forces. [4]
OR
Find the resultant of two forces P and Q acting at a point.
(b) A body falls from rest from the top of a tower and during the last
16
second it falls th of the whole height. Find the height of tower.
25
(g = 10 m/s2) [4]
14. Prove that the algebraic sum of the moments of any two line parallel
forces about a point in their plane is equal to the moment of their
resultant force about the same point. [6]
15. An engine pumps 746 liters of water per minute from a well through an
average height 60m. Find the horse power of the engine if 50% of the
power is wasted. [6]
OR
State the principle of conservation of energy. Illustrate it with the
consideration of a body sliding down a smooth inclined plane.

Group – 'C'
16. a) Convert into octal: 5AB16. [2]
b) Solve the following linear systems by the Gauss elimination method:
-x + y = 9, x – 3y = -5. [2]
c) Given a tabulated values of the velocity of an object
Time(s) 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
Velocity (m/s) 0 10 15 20
3
Evaluate
 f(x)dx using composite trapezoidal rule.
0
[2]

Trinity International Secondary School 217

17. a) Use the Gauss – Siedel method to solve the systems: 4x – y + z = 8,
2x + 5y + 2z = 3, x + 2y + 4z = 11 [4]
OR
Solve the following system of equations by inverse matrix method:
2x – y + 8z = 13, 3x + 4y + 5z = 18, x + 2y + 7z = 20
/2
b) Use Simpson's 3/8 rule to evaluate  sin x dx n = 3. [4]
0
18. Using simplex method Maximize Z = 7x + 5y subject to the constraints
4x + 3y ≤ 12, x + 2y ≤ 6 where x, y ≥ 0. [6]
19. Use the Newton Raphsons method to find the root for f(x) = x  cosx
[0,1] so that the error is less than 10-3. [6]
OR
Show that f(x) = x3 – 18 has one positive root and no negative roots.
Using the method of successive bisection find the positive root within an
accuracy of 10-2.
 

Trinity International Secondary School 218

 Set B
Group 'A'
Attempt all questions.
1. (a) Prove that c(n,r) + c(n,r-1) = c(n+1, r) [2]
1 12
(b) Find the middle term in the expansion of (x2 + 2 ) [2]
x
(c) Construct Caley's tables for addition modulo 6 and multiplication
modulo 6. Has the equation 2x = 3 a solution in Z 6. [2]
2. (a) Find the focus and directrix of the parabola y2 – 4y – 8x – 20 = 0. [2]
(b) Find the points on the curve y = x3 – 3x2 + 1, where the tangents are
parallel to the x-axis. [2]
(c) If ABCDEF is a regular hexagon, show that 𝐴𝐵 + 𝐴𝐶 + 𝐴𝐷 + 𝐴𝐸 +
𝐴𝐹 = 6𝐴𝑂where O is the center of hexagon. [2]

3.
 1
(a) Find the derivative of 2 tanh-1tan x
 [2]
 2 

 cos ec x dx  log tan 2  c

x
(b) Prove that [2]

(c) A and B appear in an interview for two vacancies in the same post.
1 1
The probability of A’s selection is and that B’s selection is .
7 5
What is the probability that none of them will be selected. [2]
4. (a) Find the pearson's coefficient of skewness when
 x  735,  x 2  28730 , mode = 35.25, n = 20. [2]
(b) Find the ratio in which the yz-plane divide the join of the points
(-2,4,7) and (3,-5,8) and also find the co-ordinates of the point of
intersection of this line with the yz-plane. [2]
2 2
(c) Solve: x dy + y dx = 0
[2]
5. (a) From 10 persons in how many ways can a selection of 4 be made.
(i) When one particular person is always included.
(ii) When two particular persons are always included. [4]
(b) Show that:
1 2 1 2  3 1 2  3  4 3e
1+    .......... [4]
2! 3! 4! 2

Trinity International Secondary School 219

6. (a) Prove that the locus of the middle points of the chords of the
parabola y2 = 4ax, which passes through the focus is a parabola. [4]
OR
Find the equation of the ellipse whose foci are at (±2, 0) and the
length of the latus rectum is 6.
1
(b) The probability of hitting a target is . If a man fires 5 times then
5
what is the probability of hitting a target
(i) exactly once
(ii) at least three times.
7. (a) Solve the given differential equation. [4]

1  x  dy
2

dx
ye tan 1
x

(b) Prove that the set of integers Forms a group together with the
usual operation addition [4]
8. (a) Find, from definition the derivative of e .
tanx [4]
OR
Verify the following function satisfy condition of Rolle's theorem
and find c prescribed in the theorem.
f(x) = x  x on [0,1]
cos x  sin x
(b) Evaluate:  sin 2x
dx [4]

OR
x2
Evaluate the integral  ( x 2  a 2 )( x 2  b 2 ) dx
9. Define scalar product between the vectors. Interpret the definition
geometrically. Prove by vector method that:
Cos(A+B) = cosAcosB-sinAsinB. [6]
10. Define plane. Determine the three planes through the intersection of the
planes x + y + z = 1 and 2x + 3y – z + 4 = 0 which are parallel to the three
coordinate axes. Also find the equation of the plane perpendicular to the
yz-plane and passing through the points (2,3,1) and (4,-5,3) [6]
OR

Trinity International Secondary School 220

 Show that the angle between the two lines whose direction cosine are
𝑙1 , 𝑚1 , 𝑛1 and 𝑙2 , 𝑚2 , 𝑛2 is 𝜃 = cos-1(𝑙1 𝑙2 + 𝑚1 𝑚2 + 𝑛1 𝑛2 ). Also derive the
condition of parallelism and perpendicularity.
11. Calculate Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation from the following
data : [6]

X: 12 9 8 10 11 13 7
Y: 14 8 6 9 11 12 3

Group – 'B'
12. (a) A body is projected vertically with velocity of 9.8m/s. How long it
takes to return to the point of projection? (g = 9.8m/s2). [2]
(b) A uniform rod 12m long and weighing 17N can turn freely about a
point in it and the rod is equilibrium when a weight of 7N is hung at
one end, how far from the end is the point about which it can turn ?
[2]
(c) Define couple and moment of couple of force. [2]
13. (a) State and prove ‚Lami’s Theorem‛. [4]
OR
If the resultant R of two forces P and Q inclined to one another at
any given angle, make and angle  with the direction of P, show
that the resultant of the forces P+ R and Q acting at the same given
angle will make an angle  /2 with the direction P+R.
(b) A stone is dropped into a well and the sound of the splash is heard
in 7.7 seconds, if the velocity of sound is 343m/s : find the depth of
the well (g = 9.8m/sec2) [4]
14. Prove that the algebraic sum of the moments of two forces forming a
couple about any point in their plane is constant and equal to the
moment of the couple. [6]
15. If R be horizontal range of a projectile and h it’s greatest height, prove
 R 2 
that it’s initial velocity is 2g h  [6]
 16h 
OR
State the principle of conservation of energy. Illustrate it with the
consideration of a body sliding down a smooth inclined plane.

Trinity International Secondary School 221

 Group – 'C'
16. a) Convert into octal: 7CD16. [2]
b) Solve the following linear systems by the Gauss elimination method:
2x + 3y = 4, 3x + 2y = -4. [2]

c) Test the ill conditioning of the system of equation [2]

1 2   x   2
2 3.999  y   4
    
17. a) Find an approximation to 3 25 correct to within 10-2 using the
bisection method. [4]
b) Use the Gauss – Siedel method to solve the systems: [4]
3x + y = 5, x – 3y = 5
OR
Using Gaussian elimination method solve the system of equations:
3x – y + z = -2, x + 5y + 2z = 6, 2x + 3y + z = 0.
18. Using simplex method, Minimize W = 3x + 2y subject to 2x + y  6 , x + y
 4, x, y≥ 0. [6]
19. What formula results from using the composite trapezoid rule on
f(x) = x2, with interval [0,1] and n + 1 equally spaced points? Simplify
your result by using the fact that 12 + 22 + 32 + <<<+
1
n2 = n (2n  1)(n  1) . Show that as n , the trapezoidal estimate
6
converges to the correct value, 1/3. [6]
OR

sin x
Evaluate:  x
dx using Simpson's 1/3 rule and 3/8 rule with
0
n = 6.
 

Trinity International Secondary School 222

 Set C
Group – 'A'
1. a) It is required to seat 5 boys and 4 girls in a row so that the girls
occupy the even places. How many such arrangements are possible?
[2]

 ...........  21  ln 2.

1 1 1 1
b) Prove that:    [2]
1.3 2.5 3.7 4.9
c) Let a * b = 3a + 2b for a, b Z. Verify that * is non commutative
binary operation on Z. [2]
2. a) Find the equation of a hyperbola in standard position such that the
length of transverse axis is 6 and it passes through (4, 2). [2]
b) Find the locus of points which are equidistant from the points (1,2,3)
and (3,2,-1)
c) Find the cosines of the angle between the vectors [2]
a = (1,-2,-2), b = (2,1,-2)
3. a) Find the derivative of (ln x) sinhx. [2]
dx
b) Find the integral:  1  2 sin x
[2]

dx
c) Find the integral:  ( x  7) 2x
[2]

dy
4. a) Solve the differential equation: = e x+ y + 3x 2 e y [2]
dx
b) From the following data, calculate the expected value of Y when
X = 25, [2]
X Y
Average 5.6 12.5
Standard deviation 3.2 2.4
c) The average percentage of failures in a certain examination is 40.
What is the probability that out of 5 candidates, at least 3 will be
passed in the examination? [2]
5. a) State the multiplication principle of counting. Prove that the number
of permutations of n different objects taken r at a time is given by
n!
P(n, r) = [4]
(n  r )!

Trinity International Secondary School 223

 b) What is a group? If a binary operation * is defined on a set
S = {a,b,c} by the following Caley's table:
* a b c
a a b c
b b c a
c c a b

Show that (S, *) is a group. [4]

OR
Let a, b, c and x be elements of a group G. Solve for x if axb = c and
x2b = xa-1c. [4]
1
6. a) Evaluate the integral  5  4 sinh x dx [4]

OR
x
Find the integral:  x 3  1dx
b) Solve the differential equation: x  1
2
 dxdy  2xy  3x 2

7. a) State the first mean value theorem of differential calculus and

interpret it geometrically. Using it to f(x) = sinx on [0,], prove that:
sinx  x for x  0. [4]
b) An urn contains four white, eight black, six red and two green
marbles. If three balls are drawn at random, find the probability of
getting (i) all white marbles (ii) 2 red and 1 green marbles. [4]
8. a) Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y2 = 8x which is
parallel to the straight line 2x – 3y + 7 = 0. Also find its point of
contact. [4]
b) Lives of two models of refrigerators turned in for new models in a
recent survey are:
No. of refrigerators
No. of years
Model A Model B
0-2 5 2
2-4 16 7
4-6 13 12
6-8 7 19
8-10 5 9

Trinity International Secondary School 224

 10-12 4 1
What is the average life of each model of these refrigerators? Which
model has more uniformity? [4]
9. For any positive integer n, If (1 + x) = C0 + C1x + C2x + <<.Cnx then
n 2 n

show that:
2n!
C0Cn-1 + C1Cn-2 + C2Cn-3 + <<.. + Cn-1C0 = . [6]
(n  1)!(n  1)!
10. Find the direction cosines of two lines which are connected by the
relations 2l + 2m – n = 0, mn + nl + lm = 0. [6]
OR
Prove that a plane through three points (x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2) and
x  x1 y  y1 z  z1
(x3, y3, z3) is given by x 2  x1 y 2  y1 z 2  z1 = 0
x 3  x1 y 3  y1 z 3  z1
Also, find the angle between planes 2x – y + z = 6 and x + y + 2z = 3 [6]
11. Define cross product between the vectors geometrically. If 𝜃 is the angle
|𝑎 ×𝑏|
between the vectors 𝑎 and 𝑏 then Show 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = [6]
𝑎 𝑏
Group B
12. a) Three forces P, Q and R acting on a particle are in equilibrium, the
angle between the P and Q is 600 and that between Q and R is 1500.
Find the ratio of the forces. [2]
b) A uniform beam, 4m long, is supported in a horizontal position by
two props which are 3m apart, so that the beam projects one meter
beyond one of the props. Show that the force on one of the props is
double of that on the other. [2]
c) A pump having a power of 392W pumps water at the rate of 100
litres per minute. Find the height to which the water is raised.
(g = 9.8 m/s2, 1 liter of water = 1 kg) [2]
13. a) A body of weight w is suspended by strings of length 3m and 4m
attached to two points in the same horizontal line whose distance
apart is 5m. Find the tensions along the strings. [4]
b) A body of mass 49 kg is falling freely under gravity at the rate of 20
m/s. What is the uniform force that will stop it (i) in 2 sec (ii) in 50
cm? (g = 9.8 m/s2.) [4]
OR

Trinity International Secondary School 225

 A bullet fired into target losses half its velocity after penetrating
3cm. How much further will it penetrate?
14. The resultant of two like parallel forces P and Q acting on a rigid body is
a force of magnitude P + Q in the same direction as P and Q are. If A and
B are any points on the lines of action of P and Q respectively, prove
that the resultant divides line segment AB internally in the inverse ratio
of the forces. [6]
OR
Define the moment of a force. Forces 1, 2, 4, 5 kg-wts act along the sides
of a square taken in order. Prove that their resultant is parallel to a
diagonal and find where it cuts the side along which the first force acts.

15. A man travels from A to B in 45 minutes. At C, somewhere between A

and B, it attains its maximum velocity of 45m per hr. If he travels with
uniform acceleration from A to C and unifrom retardation from C to B,
find the distance between A and B, it being supposed that the man starts
from rest at A and comes to rest at B. [6]
Group – 'C'
16. a) Determine graphically the solution set of the following system of
inequalities:
2x + y  2 , 3x + 2y  4, x  0, y  0 [2]
b) If f(0) = -1 and f(8) = 1, how many steps of the bisection method will
required to find an approximation to the root of f(x) accurate to
0.25? [2]
4

e
x
c) Apply the Simpon's rule to approximate the value of ln xdx with
1
n = 3. [2]
17. a) Using the simplex method, maximize p = 6x – 9y subject to
2x – 3y  6, x + y  20, x  0, y  0 [4]
b) Use Bisection method to find solution accurate to within 10 for
-2

f(x) = x3 – 7x2 + 14x – 6 = 0 on the interval [0, 1] [4]

OR
Write three methods for measuring error. Approximate 11 by
Newton – Raphson's method with accuracy 0.00001.

Trinity International Secondary School 226

18. Find the approximate solution of the following system of equations by
matrix inversion method:
2x – y + z = -2, x + y – 2z = -9, x + 2y + z = 9 [6]
OR
What are the steps to follow Gauss elimination method? using Gaussian
elimination method solve the system of equation:
x + y + z = 6, x – y + z = 2, 2x + 3y + z = 0
19. Derive the composite trapezoidal rule.
The capacity of a battery is a measure of  idt , where i is the current.
Estimate, using the Trapezium rule, the capacity of a battery whose
current was measured over an eight hour period with the results shown
below: [6]
Time/hrs 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Current/Amps 25.2 29 31.8 36.5 33.7 31.2 29.6 27.3 28.6
OR
1

 (1  x
2 1
Compute an approximate value of ) dx by using the composite
0
trapezoid rule with three points subintervals. Then compare with the
actual value of the integral. Next, determine the error formula and
numerically verify an upper bound on it. [6]
 

Trinity International Secondary School 227

 Set D
Group – 'A'
1. a) In an examination paper containing 10 questions, a candidate has to
answer 7 questions. If two questions are made cumpulsory, in how
many ways can he choose 7 questions in all? [2]
9
 1 
b) Find the middle termin the expansion of  2x  2  [2]
 3x 
c) Let S = {-1, 1} and * denote the usual operation of multiplication.
Represent it by Cayley's table. Show that * is a binary operation on
S. [2]
2. a) Find the eccentricity and the foci of the ellipse:x + 4y = 16.
2 2 [2]
b) Find the point where the line through the points (1,2,3) and (4,-4,9)
meets the zx-plane. [2]
c) Are the three points with position vectors i  2 j  4k , 2i  5 j  k
and 3i  8 j  6k collinear? Justify your answer. [2]
3. a) Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve x + y = 10 at
2 2

(3, 1) [2]
dx
b) Evaluate: ∫2ax x2
. [2]

c) If a = 6i + 3 j 5 k and b = i 4 j + 2k show that a  b is

perpendicular to a [2]
dy
4. a) Solve: x + y 1 = 0. [2]
dx
b) If n = 10, X = 60, Y = 60, X2 = 580 and XY = 415, find the
correlation coefficient between the two varibales. [2]
c) Two dice arte rolled once. What is the probability of getting a total
of 9 or 6? [2]
5. a) In how many ways can the letters of the word "COMPUTER" be
arranged so that:
i) all the vowels are always together?
ii) the vowels may occupy only odd positions? [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 228

 b) Given the algebraicstructure (G,*) with G = {1,,2} where 
represents an imaginary cube root of unity and * stands for th e
binary operation of multiplication, show that (G,*) is a group. [4]
6. a) Find the equation of the tangent to the parabola y2 = 4ax in slope
form. Also find the point of contact.
OR
Find the equation of hyperbola foci at (±3, 0) and eccentricity is 3 2.
b) Find the equation of the plane through the point (2, 1, 4) and
perpendicular to each planes 9x – 7y + 6z + 48 = 0 and
x + y + z = 0. [4]
dx
7. a) Evaluate:  a  b cosx (a  b  0). [4]

dy
b) Solve: x  y 2  xy. [4]
dx
8. a) Find Karl Person's coefficient of skewness from the following
distribution. [4]
Marks Above Above Above Above Above
20 30 40 50 60
No. of 50 46 30 24 8
students
b) There are 40 boys and 60 girls in a classroom. If two students are
chosen at random then find the probability of getting (i) exactly two
boys (ii) one boy and one girl. [4]
OR
Suppose that in a certain city 60% of all the recorded births are male.
Suppose we select 5 birth records from population. What is the
probability that
i) Exactly three of them are male?
ii) 4 or more are male?

Show that: 
n2
9.  e 1 [6]
n 1 n  1
2

10. Define scalar product of two vectors. Find the geometrical interpretation
of scalar product of two vectors. Prove vectorically that: cos (A + B) =
cosAcosB – sinAsinB. [6]

Trinity International Secondary School 229

11. State Rolle's Theorem. Interpret it geometrically. Verify Rolle's theorem
for the function f(x) = x(x – 1)2 in [0,1]. Also, find the point on the curve
where the tangent is parallel to the x-axis. [6]
OR
Find, from first principle, the derivative of ln (cos -1x).
Group – 'B'
12. a) Forces equal to 7P, 5P and 8P acting on a particle are in equilibrium.
Find the angle between the latter pair of forces. [2]
b) A body is projected vertifcally upwards with a velocity of 19.6 m/s.
How long will it take to reach a point 294m below the point of
projection? (g = 9.8 m/s) [2]
c) A body of mass 50kg falling from a certain height is brought to rest
after striking the ground with a speed of 5m/s. If resistance force of
the ground is 500N, find the duration of the contact. [2]
13. a) P and Q are two like parallel forces acting at A and B. Show that if
they interchange position, the point of application of the resultant is
P Q
displaced by a distance P  Q .AB [4]
OR
Forces 1N, 2N and 3N act at a point in direction parallel to the sides
of an equilateral triangle taken in order. Find their resultant.
b) Prove that the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of a freely
falling body remains constant throughout the motion. [4]
14. The horizontal and the vertical components of the initial velocity of a
projectile are U and V respectively. If R be the horizontal range and H,
the greatest height attained, prove that:
2
4H V R 8H
i)  ii)    [6]
R U U g
OR
A cat seeing a mouse at a distance of 15m before it, starts from rest with
an acceleration of 2m/s2 and pursues it. If the mouse be moving
uniformly with a velocity of 14 m/s, find when and where the cat will
catch the mouse. [6]
15. Define the moment of a force about a point and interpret its geometrical
meaning. Prove that the algebraic sum of the moments of two

Trinity International Secondary School 230

 intersecting forces about any point in their plane is equal to the moment
of their resultant about the same point. [6]
Group – 'C'
16. a) If a man rides his car at 25 km/hr, he has to spend Rs. 2 per km on
petrol. If he rides it at a faster speed of 40 km/hr, the petrol cost
increases to Rs. 5 per km. He has Rs. 100 to spend on petrol and
wishes to find the maximum distance he can travel within one hour.
Formulate the above problem as a linear programming problem.
[2]
b) Convert the decimal number 2011 into octal form. [2]
c) Is the following equations diagonally dominant?
12x + 3y – 5z = 1, x + 5y + 3z = 28, 3x + 7y + 13z = 1. [2]
17. a) Using Gauss elimination method, solve the following system of
equations:x + 3y – z = -2, 3x + 2y – z = 3, -6x – 4y – 2z = 18
OR
Solve the following equations using Gauss – Seidal method:
2x1 – x2 = 8, 3x1 + 7x2 = -5. [4]
b) Evaluate the following integral using Simpson's rule: [4]
1
dx
 1  x 2 , taking 4 equal intervals (i.e. n = 4)
0
18. Using Simplex method, maximize Z = 5x1 + 7x2 subject to:
2x1 + 3x2 13, 3x1 + 2x2 12, x1, x2 0
19. Show that the equation f(x) = x3 + 3x – 5 = 0 has only one positive root.
Using bisection method, find the positive root correct to 3 places of
decimal in the interval (1, 2). [6]
OR
For f(x) = x3 -4, perform 3 iteration of Newton-Raphson’s method with
starting point x0 = 2. Find the errors and percentage errors of x0, x1, x2
and x3.
 

Trinity International Secondary School 231

 Set E
Group 'A'
1. a) In how many ways letters of the word PRECARIOUS can be
arranged so that all the vowels are always together? [2]
6
 2x 3 
b) Find the term containing x2, if any, in the expansion of   
 3 2x 
[2]
c) An operation * on the set of integers is defined by a*b = a - 2b, for all
a, b 𝜖 Z. Is the operation binary on Z? [2]
2. a) Find the angle of intersection between the curves y = x2 and
6y = 7 – x3 at (1, 1). [2]
b) Reduce the equation of the plane 4x – 9y + 6z – 36 = 0 to the intercept
form. Find its intercepts on the co-ordinate axes. [2]
x
cosh
a
c) Find the derivative of x [2]
dx
3. a) Evaluate  x x2  4
[2]

b) Given, a = 3, 1, 2 and b = (2, −2, 4), find the projection of 𝑎 on 𝑏 .[2]

c) Determine the unit vector of 2𝑎 − 3𝑏 where 𝑎 = 4𝑖 − 3𝑗 and
𝑏 = 2𝑖 − 3𝑗. [2]
4. a) In a frequency distribution of a set of data C.V. = 5%, 𝜎 = 2 and Karl
Pearson coefficient of skewness = 0.5; find the mean of the data.
[2]
b) Define mutually exclusive events and dependent cases with
example while performing an experiment. [2]
dy 1 + cos 2y
c) Solve the differential equation: = . [2]
dx 1 cos 2x
5. a) A committee of five is to be constituted from six boys and five girls.
In how many ways can this be done so as to include at least one boy
and one girl? [4]
b) A class consists of 40 boys and 60 girls. If two students are chosen at
random, what will be the probability that a) both are boys
b) both are girls c) one boy and one girl? [4]
Or

Trinity International Secondary School 232

 Define Binomial distribution, and its mean and variance, hence find
the probability of getting three heads in five tosses of two coins.
6. a) Show that the pair of tangents from the point (-2, 3) to the parabola
𝑦 2 = 8𝑥 are the right angle. [4]
Or
Show that represents the equation of an ellipse. Find its centre,
vertex and focus.
b) For any triangle ABC, using vector method show that
i) a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bccosA
ii) b = ccosA + acosC. [4]
OR
Define scalar product between the vectors. Prove that if

 is the
 
angle between the vectors a and b , then a.b  ab cos 
7. a) Find from first principles, the derivative of: etanx. [4]
dx
b) Evaluate  ( x  1) 2
( x  2) 3
[4]

8. a) Show that set G = {0, 1, 2, 3} forms a group together with operation

+4. [4]
dy
b) Solve: (1 x2 ) = 1 + xy.
dx
1+ 2 1+ 2+ 3
9. Find sum up to n terms of the series: 1 + + + .....
2! 3!
10. Prove that a line which makes angle x, y, z, t with four diagonals of a
4
cube is cos2𝛼 + cos2𝛽 + cos2𝛾 + cos2𝛿 = . [6]
3
11. Calculate the coefficient of skewnes from the following frequency
distribution: [6]
Investment 10–20 20 -30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60 60- 70 70 -80
Frequency 12 18 20 15 10 3 3

Group 'B'
12. a) A bullet fired into a target loses half its velocity after penetrating
6 cms. How much further will it penetrate? [2]
b) Find the resultant of two parallel forces of 15kg wt. and 10kg wt
acting at a distance 20cm apart in the same direction. [2]
c) State Newton's second law of motion hence define a force. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 233

13. a) If a force P be resolved into two forces making angles of 45 0 and 150
2
with its direction; show that the latter force is P. [4]
3
Or
State and prove converse of the Triangle of forces.
b) A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 200m high and at the
same time anther is projected vertically upwards from the ground
with a velocity of 50ms-1. Find where and when the two will meet
(g = 9.8ms-2) [4]
14. Define parallel forces. Deduce the resultant of two like parallel forces. [6]
15. Find the velocity and direction of projection of a shot which passes in a
horizontal direction just over the top of a wall which is 250m off and
125m high. (g = 9.8ms-2) [6]
Or
A bullet of mass 200gm is fired into a target with a velocity of 500m s-1. If
the man of the target is 4.8kg and in free to move, find the loss of kinetic
energy by the impact.

Group – 'C'
16. a) Give the inequalities 0  x  50, 0  y  30, x + y  80, x + y  60, find
the feasible region. [2]
b) What do you mean by Ill-conditioned and well-conditioned system
of equations. [2]
5
c) Estimate the value of using trapezoidal rule with 4
x
4
dx
1
subintervals. [2]
17. a) Solve the following system by using Gauss Elimination method:
x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 = 2, x1 – x2 – x3 = 1, 2x1 + 3x2 +2x3 = 3 [4]
OR
Solve the following system of equations by Gauss Seidel method: x 1
+ x2 + x3 = 3, x1 – x2 + x3 = 1, x1 + x2 – 2x3 = 0
b) Use Newton's method to find a positive root of cosx = x3 correct to
three places of decimal.
18. Using simplex method maximize P = 20x + 30y subject to
2x + 5y ≤ 20, 2x + y ≤12, x, y ≥ 0. [6]
19. State Simpson’s rule. Use the rule to estimate  sin xdx , n = 4. [6]

0

Trinity International Secondary School 234

 SET - F
Group ‘A’
1. a) How many different numbers of five digits can be formed with the
digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4? [2]
12
b) Find the middle term in the expansion of  x  2  .
1
[2]
 3x 
c) Find inverses of the elements of G = {-1, 1} under multiplication, if
exist. [2]
2. a) Find the foci and vertices of the hyperbola 9x2 – 16y2 = 144.
b) Find the ratio in which the line joining the points P(-2, 4, 7) and Q(3,
-5, -1) is divided by the yz-plane. [2]
       
c) Prove that the vectors i  2 j  3k, 2 i  3 j  4k and  7 j  10k are
collinear. [2]
Lttan ax
3. a) Evaluate, using L’ Hospital’s rule: x  0 . [2]
tan bx


dx
b) Evaluate: [2]
1  2 cos x
     
c) Find the angle between the vectors 2 i  j  k and i  3 j  5k . [2]
dy y
4. a) Solve:   1. [2]
dx x
b) The information about the daily temperature of two cities X and Y
are as follows:
X Y
Average temp. ( F) 0 84 92
Variance of temp. 16 25
Determine which city has greater consistency in climate. [2]
c) In rolling a pair of dice, determine the probability of obtaining a
sum of 10. [2]
5. a) A committee of five persons is to be selected from 5 men and 4
ladies. In how many ways can this be done so that at least two ladies
are always included? [4]
b) Show that the set of all vectors in space under addition is a group.[4]
Or
If a, b  (G, 0) where G is a group. Prove
i) (a * b)-1 = b-1 * a-1 ii) (a-1)-1 = a

Trinity International Secondary School 235

6. a) Find the equation of tangent to the parabola y2 = 4ax at the point (x0,
y0). [4]
Or
Show that x2 + 4y2 – 2x – 16y + 1 = 0 represents the equation of the
ellipse. Find its vertices and foci.
b) Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of the planes
2x + 3y + 10z = 8 and 2x – 3y + 7z = 2, and perpendicular to the plane
3x – 2y + 4z = 5. [4]
7. a) Evaluate: ∫x 2
+ x + 1dx. [4]
dy
b) Solve:  y tan x  2 sin x [4]
dx
Or
dy 2y
Solve: xy + = xy3
dx x
8. a) Calculate the Pearsonian coefficient of skewness from the following
Data:
Size 0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 - 50 50 - 60
frequency 7 3 4 15 8 3
b) Define Binomial distribution. Find the probability of getting i) two
heads ii) at least two heads in 5 tosses of a coin. [4]
1+ 3 1+ 3+ 5 1+ 3+ 5 + 7
9. Prove that: 1 + + + + ........... = 2e [6]
2! 3! 4!
10. Define Vector product of two Vectors. Prove by Vector method
sin(A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB [6]
11. State Rolle ’s Theorem. Interpret the definition geometrically Verify
Rolle’s theorem for the function f(x) = 2x2 – 3x + 1 in  1 ,1 . [6]
2 
Or
Find, from first principles, the derivative of xlnx.
Group ‘B’
12. a) Find the resultant and the angle subtended by it with P when the
forces P and Q act at right angle. [2]
b) Two like parallel forces P and Q act at points 18m apart, if the
resultant force is 9N and acts at a distance 12 m from Q, find P. [2]
c) A ball is thrown vertically upwards at a rate of 40ms -2. Find the time
taken to attain the maximum height. (g = 10 ms-2) [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 236

13. a) Two men carry a weight 50N supported by two strings; one string is
inclined at 300 to the vertical and other at 600, find the tension of
each string. [4]
b) State laws of motion. A body of mass 50 kg falling from a certain
height is brought to rest after striking the ground with a speed of 5
ms-1. If the resistance force of ground is 500N, find the duration of
the contact. [4]
Or,
State the principle of conservation of energy. Also prove that the
sum of the kinetic and potential energies of a moving body remains
constant throughout the motion.
14. Three forces P, 2P and 3P act along the sides AB, BC and CA of an
equilateral triangle of side a, find the magnitude, direction and line of
action of the resultant. [6]
Or,
Define moment. State and prove Varignon’s theorem.
15. If R be the horizontal range of a projectile and h its greatest height,
R2
prove that its initial velocity is 2g h + . [6]
16 h
Group ‘C’
16. a) Shade the feasible region for the constraints x + 2y ≤ 7, x, y ≥ 0. [2]
b) Convert the decimal number 3159 into hexadecimal form. [2]
c) Write the conditions for the system of equations a11 x  a12 y  b1
and a21 x  b21 y  b2 , to be ill-conditioned.
17. a) Using Gauss Seidel method, solve the equations
3x + 2y = -9, 2x – 3y = -6. [4]
OR
Solve by Gauss elimination method:
x + 3y – 2z = 5, 3x + 5y + 6z = 7, 2x + 4y + 3z = 8.
5

 x dx
1 4
b) Using Simpson’s rule, calculate with n = 4. [4]
3
1
18. Solve by Simplex method, the LP problem to maximize z = 7x + 5y
subject to x + 2y ≤ 6, 4x + 3y ≤ 12, x, y ≥ 0. [6]
19. Apply the method of bisection to find the root of the equation
x2 – 2x – 5 = 0 in (3, 4) correct to three places of decimal. [6]

Trinity International Secondary School 237

 Or
Derive the Newton’s Iteration equation to find the square root of a
positive number. Further, using the equation find square root of 6
correct to three places of decimal.

Trinity International Secondary School 238

 SET –G
1. a) In how many ways the letter of the word COMPLETE can be
arranged so that the repeated letters are always together. [2]
10
 3 1
b) Find the coefficient of x in the expansion of  x   .
6 [2]
 x
c) Prepare Cayley’s table for the set S = {0, 1, 2} under the operation
multiplication modulo 3. [2]
2. a) Find the equation of hyperbola with a focus at (7, 0) and a vertex at
(5, 0). [2]
b) Find the direction cosines of the line PQ passingthrough P(2,3,4) and
Q(5,9,13). [2]
  
c) If a = ( 3, 1, 4) b = ( 2,4 , 3) and c = ( 5 ,7 , 1) , find the unit
  
vector along a 2b + c [2]
3. a) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = 2x3-5x2+8 at (2,4). [2]
3x
b) Evaluate: ∫
(x a)(x b)
dx [2]

c) Find the area of the parallelogram determined by the vectors:

     
i  2 j  3k and  3i  2 j  k [2]
2 dy
4. a) Solve: (1 + x ) =1 [2]
dx
b) The C.V, S.D and mode of a distribution are 5%, 2 and 39
respectively. Calculate the Karl Pearson’s coefficient of Skewness of
the distribution. [2]
c) A class consists of 30 boys and 20 girls. If two students are chosen at
random what is the probability that one is boy and another is girl?
[2]
5. a) From 3 men and 7 women a committee of 5 is to be formed. In how
many ways can this be done so as to include at least one man? [4]
b) Show that {2n:n Z} is an Abelian group with respect to
multiplication. [4]
Or
If a, b  (G, 0) where G is a group. Prove that:
i) (a0b)-1 = b-1 0 a-1 ii) (a-1)-1 = a

Trinity International Secondary School 239

6. a) Show that the pair of tangents from the point (-2,3) to the parabola
y2=8x are at right angle. [4]
Or
Find the eccentricity and the coordinates of the foci of the ellipse:
x2 + 4y2 - 4x + 24y + 24 = 0
b) Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of the planes
x+ y + z = 6 and 2x + 3y + 4z + 5 = 0 and perpendicular to the plane 4x
+ 5y – 3z = 8. [4]
dx
7. a) Evaluate:  3 sin x  4 cos x [4]

Or
1 x
Evaluate:  1 x
dx
dy
b) Solve: (1 + x) xy = 1 x [4]
dx
8. a) Following are the marks obtained by the two students in 6 tests. [4]
A 56 72 48 69 64 81
B 63 74 45 57 82 63
Which of the student will get performance award for the consistency
in tests.
b) The average percentage of failure in a certain examination is 70.
What is the probability that out of 5 candidates at least 3 will
pass? [4]
12 22 33
9. Sum to infinity the series: + + + ........... [6]
1! 2! 3!
10. Show that the cross product between the vectors is not commutative.
a b c
For any triangle ABC, Prove by vector method: = = .
sin A sin B sin C
[6]
11. Find from definition, the derivative of log (tanx). [6]
Or
Define Lagrange’s Mean value theorem. Also verify the theorem for the
function f(x) = 2x2 – 10x + 29 in [2, 7].

Group 'B'

Trinity International Secondary School 240

12. a) If the resultant R of two equal forces P and Q acting at a point is at
right angle to P, prove that: R2 = Q2 – P2. [2]
b) A uniform beam AB is 8 m long and weighs 25kg. Weights of 10kg
and 25kg are suspended from A and B respectively. At what point
must the beam be supported so that it may rest horizontally? [2]
c) If a ball is projected vertically upward at a rate of 40ms -1, find the
time taken to attain the maximum height. (g = 10 ms-2) [2]
13. a) State and prove Lami’s theorem. [4]
Or
A body of weight 10kg is suspended by two strings of lengths 7m
and 24m, their other ends being fastened to the extremities of a rod
of length 25m. If the rod be so held that the body hangs immediately
below its middle point, find the tensions of the strings.
b) A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 200m high and at the
same time another is projected vertically upwards from the ground
with a velocity of 50ms-1. Find where and when the two will meet?
(g = 9.8ms-2) [4]
14. Define moment of a force about a point. State and prove Varignon’s
theorem for two intersecting forces. [6]
15. From a point on the ground at a distance x from the foot of a vertical
wall a ball is thrown at an angle of 45 0 which just clears the top of the
wall and afterwards strikes the ground at a distance y on the other side.
xy
Prove that the height of the wall is [6]
x y
Or
Define energy. State principle of conservation of energy. Also prove that
the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of a moving body remains
constant throughout the vertical motion.

Group 'C'
16. a) Shade the feasible region under the constraints: 2x + y  40, x +2y 
50; x, y  0. [2]
b) Convert the hexadecimal number 22F16 into binary form. [2]
c) Using Gaussian elimination method solve the system of equations: x
+ 2y = 4 and 3x – y = -2. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 241

17. a) Show that the equation x3 – x – 4 = 0 has two negative roots and one
positive root and find the positive root correct to 3 places of decimal
by successive bisection method. [4]
Or
Using Newton Raphson's method, find the positive root of
x3 – 2x – 5 = 0 lying between 2 and 3 correct to three places of
decimal.
b) Solve by Gauss elimination method: [4]
x + 3y – 2z = 5, 3x + 5y + 6z = 7, 2x + 4y + 3z = 8
18. Apply Simplex method to maximize z = 5x + 3y subject to 2x + y 40, x +
2y  50; x, y  0 by [6]
2 dx
19. State Trapezoidal rule, hence evaluate  1 x
0 4
for n = 4. Correct to 3

places of decimal. [6]

Or
1 dx
Define Simpson's rule, hence evaluate  1 x
0
for n = 4, correct to 4

places of decimal.
 

Trinity International Secondary School 242

 SET - HI
a) Find the value of r if C2r  C3r 1
9 9
1. [2]
x x2 x3 x4 y2 y3 y4
b) If y = + + ..., show that x = y + + + + ... [2]
1! 2! 3! 4! 2 3 4
c) Solve 3x + 6 = 5 in Z7. [2]
2. a) Determine the equation of the chord joining the points t 1 and t2 on
the parabola y2 = 4ax [2]
b) Find the intercepts made by the plane 2x + 3y + 4z = 24 on
coordinate axes. [2]
        
c) Show that the points 2 j  j  k , 3 i  2 j  k and i  4 j  3k , are
collinear. [2]
sinh x
3. a) Find the derivative of x [2]
dx
b) Find the integral  [2]
1  3 cos 2 x
Solve: sec x tan xdx  sec y tan x dy  0
2 2
c) [2]
4. a) Find the mean deviation from mean of the data: 6, 8, 10, 13, 5. [2]
b) Find the Pearson’s coefficient of skewness when ∑x = 735,
∑x2 = 28730, mode = 35.25, n = 20. [2]
c) An urn contains 4 white, 8 black, 6 red and 2 green marbles. If three
balls are drawn at random, find the probability of getting 2 red and
1 green marbles. [2]
5. a) How many words can be formed from the letters of the word
‘ENGLISH’? How many of these do not begin with E? How many of
these begin with E and do not end with H? [4]
b) If C0, C1, C2 <, Cn are binomial coefficients in the expansion of
2n!
(1+x)n, prove that C0Cn + C1Cn 1 + C 2Cn 2 + ... + CnC0 =
n! n!
ab
6. a) Let  be defined on Q+ by a  b = Show that (Q+,  ) is Abelian
2
group. [4]
b) Prove that the lines joining the ends of latus rectum of the parabola
y2 = 4ax to the point of intersection of the directrix and the axis are at
right angles. [4]
OR

Trinity International Secondary School 243

 Find the vertices, eccentricities, foci and length of major axis of the
(x + 2)2
ellipse + y2 = 5 .
2
7. a) Define scalar product of vectors Geometrically. Using Vector
method Prove: Cos (A + B) = CosACosB – sinAsinB. [4]
Or
For any triangle ABC, prove by vector method
i. c2 = a2 + b2 – 2abCosC
ii. c = aCosb + bCosA.
b) Evaluate: ∫
(2x + 3) x2 2x 3 dx [4]

dy y y 2
8. a) Solve:  
dx x x 2
Or
dy
( x 2 + 1) + 2xy = 3x 2 . [4]
dx
b) A die is thrown 6 times, getting 2 or 6 is considered to be a success.
Find the probability of getting (i) no success(ii) at least one success. [4]
9. Find the projection of line joining the points (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) on
the line whose direction cosine is 𝒍, 𝒎, 𝒏. If the projection of a line on the
coordinate axes are 12, 4, 3 respectively. Find the length and the
direction cosine. [6]
10. Find from first principles, the derivative of ln (sin x2). [6]
OR
State the mean value theorem and interpret it geometrically. Verify that
the function f ( x)  x on [1, 4] satisfies conditions of the mean value
theorem and find C prescribed in the theorem.
11. The equations of two regression lines are: [6]
3X + 4Y = 65, 3X + Y = 32 Find:
i. The mean of X and the mean of Y.
ii. The regression coefficients.
iii. The correlation coefficients between X and Y.
iv. The ratio of standard deviation of X and Y.

Trinity International Secondary School 244

 Group 'B'
12. a) Find the angle between the forces P + Q and P – Q such that their
resultant may be P 2  3Q 2 . [2]
b) A straight uniform beam 1 m long, when a load of 24 kg is placed at
one end, it balances about a point 30 cm from that end. Find the
weight of the beam. [2]
c) A body falls from rest from the top of a tower and after 5 sec it
reaches the ground. Find the striking velocity of the body and
height of the tower. (g = 9.8 m/s2) [2]
13. a) Forces 2, 4, 6 units act at a point in directions parallel to the sides of
an equilateral triangle taken in order. Find their resultant. [4]
OR
A body of weight 45 N is suspended by two strings of lengths 30 cm
and 40 cm respectively and the other ends of the string are attached
to the extremities of a rod of length 50 cm. The rod is so held that the
body hangs immediately below its middle point.Find the tensions of
the strings.
b) A car starting from rest, moves with uniform acceleration and
describes the first kilometer in 3 minutes. If it now moves with
uniform velocity, how long will it take to describe another
kilometer? [4]
14. Prove that algebraic sum of the moments of two intersecting forces
about a point in their place is equal to the moment of their resultant
about the same point. [6]
OR
Define the moment of a force. Forces 1, 2, 4, 5 kg wts act along the sides
of a square taken in order. Prove that their resultant is parallel to a
diagonal and find where it cuts the side along which the first force acts.
15. a) A rocket expels gas at the rate of 0.4 kg/s. If the velocity of the gas is
400 m/s, what is the force produced by the rocket?
b) A particle is projected with a velocity if 49 m/s, at an angle of 30 0 to
the horizon, find the time of flight and the range.
c) A pump having a power of 392 W pumps water at the rate of 100
litres per minute. Find the height to which water is raised.
(g = 9.8 m/s2, 1 litre = 1 kg) [6]

Trinity International Secondary School 245

 Group 'C'
16. a) Determine graphically the solution set of: 2x + y  2, x  0 , y  0. [2]
b) If f(0) = -1 and f(8) = 1, how many steps of the bisection method will
be required to find an approximation to the root of f(x) accurate to
0.25? [2]
4
c) Apply Simpson’s rule to approximate the value of 1
e x ln x dx
with n = 3. [2]
17. a) Using the simplex method, maximize p = x + 3y subject to
constraints x + y ≤ 4, x – y ≤ 1, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 . [4]

 1  x 
2 1
1
b) Compute an approximate value of dx by using the
0
composite trapezoid rule with three points. Then comparing with
the actual value of the integral, find the error. [4]
OR
2 1 1
Approximate 0
2x dx using Simpson’s
3
rule with h = .
2
18. Using Newton-Raphson’s Method solve the equation (x-2)2 – logx = 0.
Chose the initial guess solution nearest integral value to the
solution. [6]
19. What are two steps of Gauss elimination method? Find the approximate
solution of the following system of equations by Gauss elimination
method: 3x – y + z = -2, x + 5y + 2z = 6, 2x + 3y + z = 0. [6]
Or
Solve the following system of equations by matrix inversion method:
3x + 5z = 14, 2x + y – 3z = 3, x + y + z = 4.
 

Trinity International Secondary School 246

 SET - II
Attempt all the question.
1. a) In how many ways the letters of the word CALCULUS can be
arranged so that Vowels are always together? [2]
b) Find the term independent of x (free from x) in the expansion of
1
(2 x  )10 [2]
x
c) Using Caley's table for (G,*) where G= {-1, 1} find inverse elements
of G. [2]
2. a) Determine the question of the hyperbola with a focus at (5,0) and a
vertex (3, 0) [2]
b) Find the direction cosines of the line joining the points (1, 2, 3,) and
(4, 5, 7). [2]
c) Show that 𝑎 × 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 𝑎 × 𝑏 + 𝑎 × 𝑐 . (vector product is
distributive over addition) [2]
3. a) Find the unit vector perpendicular to both 𝑎 = (2, −6, −3) , 𝑏 =
(4, 3, −1). [2]
dx
b) Evaluate:  1  2 cos x . [2]

lim e x x 1
c) Evaluate, using L' Hopital rule: x → 0 [2]
x2
dx dy x+y
4. a) If 2 + 2 = 0 , show that = c , where c is constant.
1+ x 1+ y 1 xy
b) Which of the following distribution is consistent from the
information given below? [2]
Distribution 'A' Distribution 'B'
A.M 95 90
S.d 10 9
c) If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability that
it turn two heads [2]
5. a) How many words can be formed from the letters of the word
‘ENGLISH’? How many of these do not begin with E? How many of
these begin with E and do not end with H? [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 247

 b) If C0, C1, C2 <, Cn are binomial coefficients in the expansion of (1+x) n,
prove that C0 + 4C1 + 7C2 + 10C3 + <+ (3n+1)Cn = (3n+2)2n-1. [4]
6. a) Let  be defined on Zby a  b = a + b – 1 Show that then system (Z,
 ) is an Abelian group.
b) Find the direction cosine of the line connected by the relation
4l + 3m -2n = 0, lm – mn + nl = 0. Also find the angle between the
lines.
5. a) Find condition that a line y=mx + c is tangent to the parabola y 2 = 4ax
Or
( x + 6) 2 y 2
Find the vertices and foci of the curve + =1
4 36
b) Find the equation or the plane through the point (2,-3,1) and
perpendicular to the line joining the two point (3,4,-1) and (2,-1,5). [4]
x2
6. a) Evaluate:  x 4  2 x 2  15 dx [4]

dy x 2 y 2
b) Solve: + =0
dx 3xy
Or
dy
+ 2y tan x = sin x
dx
7. a) Calculate the coefficient or correlation between the price and sales.
[4]
Price 25 21 28 26 20 30
sales 60 54 66 68 70 50
b) A company produces electronics chips by a process that
manufactures normally average 20% defective products. Sample of
four chips is selected at random and the parts are tested for certain
characteristics, what is the probability that (i) no chip is defective (ii)
one chip is defective (iii) more than one chip are defective.
1 1 1
+ + + ..... e + 1
8. Prove that: 1! 3! 5! =
1 1 1
+ + + ..... e 1
2! 4! 6!
[6]

Trinity International Secondary School 248

 8. a) Define vector product of two vectors. Also prove using vector
method sin(A+B)=sinA Cos B+ Cos A sinB(6)
9. From definition, find the derivative of log cos -1x. [6]
Or
Using mean value theorem, find a point on the curve y = x2 – 2x.the
tangent at which is parallel to the chord joining the points (1-1) and
(4,8).
Group 'B'
10. a) Two forces acting at a angle 450 have a resultant equal to 10 N .If
one or the force be 2 N , find the other force. [2]
b) Two parallel forces of 25 kg weight and 20kg weight and 20kg
weight are acting at a distance 25 cm apart. Find the point at which
their resultant acts. [2]
c) A body of mass 0.5kg and initially at rest is subject to a force of 2N
for 1sec. Find the velocity acquired during the second.
[2]
11. a) State and prove triangle law of forces. [4]
Or
Force 1N,2N,3N act at a point in direction parallel to the sides of an
equilateral triangle taken in order. Find their resultant.
b) A store is dropped from the top of a tower 200m high and at the
same time another is projected vertically up wards from the ground
with a velocity 50ms-1. Find where and when the two will meet?
(g=9.8ms-2) [4]
12. Forces equal to p, 2p ,3p and 4p act along the side of a square ABCD
take on order, find the magnitude, direction and the line or action of the
resultant [6]
13. If R be the horizontal range or a projectile and h its greatest height,
R2
prove that its initial velocity is 2g( h + ), [6]
16 h
OR
A bullet passes through two planks in succession. Its initial velocity is
1200m/s and it loses a velocity of 200m/s in penetrating through each
plank. Find the ratio of the thickness or the planks, assuming that they
offer the same average resistance.

Trinity International Secondary School 249

 (Group 'C')
14. a) Graphical shade the feasible region for the constraints
x + 2y ≤7 , x y ≤4 , x , y ≥0 [2]
b) Convert hexadecimal number 81A into octal number. [2]
c) Using Gauss-elimination method solves the equations.
x+ 2y =5, 5x-3y=-1 [2]
15. a) Using method of successive bisection method or Newton Raphson's
method, find the root of the equation x2+x-4=0in(1,2) correct to three
places of decimals. [4]
b) Use gauss- seidel method to solve the system of equations:
3x + 4y+8z =7, x+20y + z = -18 and 25x + y + -5z =19 [4]
16. Solve by simplex method:Maximize z=7x1+ 5x2 subject to x1+ 2x2 ≤6, 4x1+
3x2  12,x1,x2  0 [6]
1
17. Evaluate: 
0
1  x 3 dx using Simpson's 1 rule with n=4.
3
[6]

Or
1
dx
Evaluate:  1  x , using Trapezoidal rule for n=4 .
0



Trinity International Secondary School 250

 HSEB – 2072 (2015)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Note: Group A is compulsory and select another one group either B or C
Group ‘A’
2. a) In how many ways can 7 students be seated in a circle? [2]
b) Find the coefficient of the term containing x in the expansion of
2

6
 2x 3 
   . [2]
 3 2x 
c) If a * b = 3a + 2b for a, b  z, the set of integers, show that * is a binary
operation on z. [2]
2 2
x y
3. a) Find eccentricity and foci of the hyperbola   1. [2]
36 64
b) Find the ratio in which the line joining the points P(-2, 4, 7) and Q(3, -5, -
1) is divided by the yz-plane. [2]
       
c) Prove that the vectors i  2 j  3k, 2 i  3 j  4k and  7 j  10k are
collinear. [2]
Lt tan ax
4. a) Evaluate, using L’ Hospital’s rule: x  0 . [2]
tan bx

 1  2 cos x
dx
b) Evaluate: [2]
     
c) Find the angle between the vectors 2 i  j  k and i  3 j  5k . [2]
dy y
5. a) Solve:   1. [2]
dx x
b) The information about the daily temperature of two cities X and Y are as
follows:
X Y
Average temp. (0F) 84 92
Variance of temp. 16 25
Determine which city has greater consistency in climate. [2]
c) In rolling a pair of dice, determine the probability of obtaining a sum of
10. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 251

6. a) A committee of five persons is to be selected from 5 men and 4 ladies. In
how many ways can this be done so that at least two ladies are always
included? [4]
b) Show that the set of all vectors in space under addition is a group. [4]
Or
If a, b  (G, 0) where G is a group. Prove
i) (a * b)-1 = b-1 * a-1 ii) (a-1)-1 = a
7. a) Show that the pair of tangents from the point (-2, 3) to the parabola
y2 = 8x are at right angle. [4]
Or
Show that x2 + 4xy2 – 2x – 16y + 1 = 0 represents the equation of the
ellipse. Find its vertices and foci.
b) Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of the planes 2x
+ 3y + 10z = 8 and 2x – 3y + 7z = 2, and perpendicular to the plane 3x –
2y + 4z = 5. [4]


dx
8. a) Evaluate: [4]
( x  2) 2 ( x  3) 3
dy
b) Solve:  y tan x  2 sin x [4]
dx
Or
dy 2 2
Solve: xy y  x
dx
9. a) Define regression and lines of regression. Find the correlation
coefficients between the two variables when bxy = 1.8 and byx = 0.35. [4]
b) Define Binomial distribution. Find the probability of getting i) two
heads ii) at least two heads in 5 tosses of a coin. [4]
1 3 1 2  5 1 3  5  7
10. Prove that: 1     .......... .  2e [6]
2! 3! 4!
11. Define Vector product of two Vectors. Prove by Vector method
sin(A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB [6]
12. State Roll’es theorem. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f(x) = 2x2 – 3x

+ 1 in  ,1 .
1
[6]
2 
Or
Find, from first principles, the derivative of xlnx.

Trinity International Secondary School 252

 Group ‘B’
13. a) Find the resultant and the angle subtended by it with P when the forces
P and Q act at right angle. [2]
b) Two like parallel forces P and Q act at points 18m apart, if the resultant
force is 9N and acts at a distance 12 m from Q, find P. [2]
c) A ball is thrown vertically upwards at a rate of 40ms -2. Find the time
taken to attain the maximum height. (g = 10 ms -2) [2]
14. a) Two men carry a weight 50N supported by two strings; one string is
inclined at 300 to the vertical and other at 600, find the tension of each
string. [4]
b) State laws of motion. A body of mass 50 kg falling from a certain height
is brought to rest after striking the ground with a speed of 5 ms-1. If the
resistance force of ground is 500N, find the duration of the contact. [4]
Or,
State the principle of conservation of energy. Also prove that the sum of
the kinetic and potential energies of a moving body remains constant
throughout the motion.
15. Three forces P, 2P and 3P act along the sides AB, BC and CA of an
equilateral triangle of side a, find the magnitude, direction and line of
action of the resultant. [6]
Or,
Define moment. State and prove Varignon’s theorem.
16. If R be the horizontal range of a projectile and h its greatest height, prove

 R 2 
that its initial velocity is 2g h  . [6]
 16h 


Group ‘C’
17. a) Shade the feasible region for the constraints x + 2y ≤ 7, x, y ≥ 0. [2]
b) Convert the decimal number 3159 into hexadecimal form. [2]
c) Write the conditions for the system of equations a 11 x + a 1 2 y = b1 and
a 21x + b 21y = b 2 , to be ill-conditioned.
18. a) Using Gauss Seidel method, solve the equations
3x + 2y = -9, 2x – 3y = -6. [4]
Or

Trinity International Secondary School 253

 Solve by Gauss elimination method:
x + 3y – 2z = 5, 3x + 5y + 6z = 7, 2x + 4y + 3z = 8.
5

 x dx with n = 4.
1 4
b) Using Simpson’s rule, calculate [4]
3
1
19. Solve by Simplex method, the LP problem to maximize z = 7x + 5y subject
to x + 2y ≤ 6, 4x + 3y ≤ 12, x, y ≥ 0. [6]
20. Apply the method of bisection to find the root of the equation x – 2x – 5 = 0
2

in (3, 4) correct to three places of decimal. [6]

Or
State and prove Trapezoidal rule of numerical approximation.



Trinity International Secondary School 254

 HSEB – 2073 (2016)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Note: Group A is compulsory and select another one group either B or C.
Group 'A'
Attempt all questions.
1. a) How many different numbers of five digits can be formed with the digits
0, 1, 2, 3, 4? [2]

12
 1 
b) Find the middle term in the expansion of  x  2  . [2]
 3x 
c) Find inverses of the elements of G = {-1, 1} under multiplication, if exist.[2]
2. a) Find the foci and vertices of the hyperbola 9x2 – 16y2 = 144. [2]
b) If O is the origin, P(2, 3, 4) and Q(1, -2, 1) be any two points, show that
OP is perpendicular to OQ. [2]

c) If a  2i  3 j  4k and b   i  2 j  2k , find a unit vector along the

direction of 2a  3b . [2]
lim x  SinxCosx
3. a) Using L Hospital's rule, evaluate: x  0 . [2]
x3

x
dx
b) Evaluate: [2]
x2  1

c) Show that vector product a b is perpendicular to both vectors a and

b. [2]
dx dy
4. a) Solve:  0 [2]
1  x2 1  y2
b) A frequency distribution gives the following results. C.V. = 5%, Mean =
40 and Mode = 39. Calculate Karl Pearson's coefficient of skewness of the
distribution. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 255

 2
c) The chance that A can solve a problem is and the chance that B can
3
1
solve the problem is . Find the probability that the problem is solved by
3
A and B. [2]
5. a) There are ten electric bulbs in the stock of a shop out of which four are
defectives. In how many ways can a selection of 6 bulbs be made so that 4
of them may be good bulbs? [4]
b) Define Abelian group. Prove that a group G is Abelian if and only if (a o
b)-1 = a-1 o b-1 for all a, bG. [4]
Or
Show that the set of all positive rational numbers under the composition
ab
defined by a*b = forms a group.
5
6. a) If a tangent to the parabola y2 = 12x makes an angle 45° with the straight
line x – 2y + 3 = 0, find the equation of the tangent. [4]
Or
Find the equation of the ellipse whose major axis is twice its minor axis
and passes through the point (0, 1).
b) Find the equation of the plane through the point (2, -3, 1) and
perpendicular to the line joining the two points (3, 4, -1) and (2, -1, 5). [4]

 1  2 cosx
dx
7. a) Evaluate: [4]

Or

x 3dx
Evaluate:
 2x 4
 3x 2  5
dy
b) Solve: x  2 y  x 2 logx [4]
dx
8. a) Calculate Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation from the following
data using product moment formula. [4]

X 12 9 8 10 11
Y 12 8 6 9 10
b) If 4 dice are rolled simultaneously, what is the probability of getting
(i) exactly 3 sixes, (ii) exactly 2 sixes?

Trinity International Secondary School 256

 1
 1
 1
 ... e 1
9. Prove that: 2! 4! 6!
 . [6]
1
1!
 1
3!
 1
5!
 ... e1

10. Define scalar product of two vectors. Prove vectorically that cos(A-B) =
cosAcosB + sinAsinB. [6]
11. Find from first principle the derivative of log(secx). [6]
Or
State Rolle's theorem. Using Rolle's theorem, find a point on the curve f(x)
= cos2x where the tangent is parallel to x-axis on [-,].
Group 'B'
12. a) If the resultant of two equal forces is equal to the given force, find angle
between the forces. [2]
b) A particle slides down a smooth inclined plane 10m long and acquires a
velocity of 10 2 ms-1. Find the inclination of the plane. (g = 10ms-2) [2]
c) How large a force is required to cover a distance of 80m if the total work
done is 800J? [2]
13. a) State and prove triangle of forces. [4]
Or

ABCD is a square. Forces 1, 2, 3, 4 and 2 2 newton's act at a point in

directions AB, BC, CD, DA and AC respectively. Find the resultant.
b) A body falls from rest from the top of a tower and during the last
16 th
second, it falls of the whole height. Find the height of the tower.
25
(g=10ms-2) [4]
14. State Newton's Laws of Motion. A bullet of mass 10g is fired from a gun of
mass 3kg with a velocity 300kmh-1. Find the velocity of recoil of thegun. [6]
Or
If R be the horizontal range of a projectile and h is greatest height, prove
 R 2 
that its velocity is 2g h  .
 16h 

15. Define like and unlike parallel forces. A man carries a bundle at the end of
a stick which is placed over his shoulder; if the distance between his hand
and shoulder be changed, how does the pressure on his shoulder change?[6]

Trinity International Secondary School 257

 Group 'C'
16. a) Find the vertices of the feasible region under the constraints 3x + 2y  48,
x + y  20; x, y  0. [2]
b) Convert the octal number 1438 into hexadecimal form. [2]
c) Define well-conditioned and ill-conditioned of a system of equations. [2]
17. a) Apply successive bisection method to find the root of the equation
x3 – 4x – 1 = 0, lying between 1 and 2 correct to two places of decimal. [4]
Or
Find a root of the equation x3 – x – 4 = 0 between 1 and 2 to three places of
decimal by Newton Raphson's method.
b) Solve by Gauss elimination method: [4]
3x1 + x2 + x3 = 5, x1 – 4x2 + x3 = -2, x1 + x2 – 3x3 = -1
18. Maximize z = 5x1 + 7x2 subject to 2x1 + 3x2  13, 3x1 + 2x2  12; x1, x2  0 by
Simplex method. [6]
1
 1 x
dx
19. Define Trapezoidal rule. Evaluate using Trapeziodal rule for
0
n = 4. [6]
Or
2
 1 x
dx
Using Simpson's rule, evaluate 4
for n = 4, correct to 3 places of
0
decimal.



Trinity International Secondary School 258

 NEB – 2074 (2017)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Note: Group A is compulsory and select another one group either B or C.
Group 'A'
Attempt all questions.
2. a) In how many ways the letter of the word COMPLETE can be arranged so
that the repeated letters are always together. [2]

10
 3 1
b) Find the coefficient of x in the expansion of
6
x   . [2]
 x
c) Prepare Cayley’s table for the set S = {0, 1, 2} under the operation
multiplication modulo 3. [2]
2. a) Find the equation of hyperbola with a focus at (7, 0) and a vertex at
(5, 0). [2]
b) Find the direction cosines of the line PQ passing through P(2,3,4) and
Q(5,9,13). [2]
  
c) If a  (3,1,4) b  (2,4,3) and c  (5,7,1) , find the unit
  
vector along a  2b  c [2]
3. a) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = 2x 3-5x2+8 at (2,4). [2]

3x
b) Evaluate:  x  a x  b dx [2]

c) Find the area of the parallelogram determined by the vectors:

     
i  2 j  3k and  3i  2 j  k [2]

4. a) Solve: 1  x  dy
2

dx
1 [2]

b) The C.V, S.D and mode of a distribution are 5%, 2 and 39 respectively.
Calculate the Karl Pearson’s coefficient of Skewness of the distribution. [2]

Trinity International Secondary School 259

 c) A class consists of 30 boys and 20 girls. If two students are chosen at
random what is the probability that one is boy and another is girl? [2]
5. a) From 3 men and 7 women a committee of 5 is to be formed. In how
many ways can this be done so as to include at least one man? [4]
b) Show that {2n:n Z} is an Abelian group with respect to multiplication.[4]
Or
If a, b  (G, 0) where G is a group. Prove that:
i) (a0b)-1 = b-1 0 a-1 ii) (a-1)-1 = a
6. a) Show that the pair of tangents from the point (-2,3) to the parabola y2=8x
are at right angle. [4]
Or
Find the eccentricity and the coordinates of the foci of the ellipse:
x2 + 4y2 - 4x + 24y + 24 = 0
b) Find the equation of the plane through the intersection of the planes x+
y + z = 6 and 2x + 3y + 4z + 5 = 0 and perpendicular to the plane 4x + 5y – 3z
= 8. [4]

dx
7. a) Evaluate:  3 sin x  4 cos x [4]

Or

1 x
Evaluate:  1 x
dx

b) Solve: 1  x  dy  xy  1  x [4]
dx
8. a) Following are the marks obtained by the two students in 6 tests. [4]

A 56 72 48 69 64 81
B 63 74 45 57 82 63
Which of the student will get performance award for the consistency in
tests.
b) The average percentage of failure in a certain examination is 70. What is
the probability that out of 5 candidates at least 3 will pass? [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 260

 12 2 2 33
9. Sum to infinity the series:    .......... . [6]
1! 2! 3!
10. Define Scalar product of two vectors. Prove vectorically: [6]
Cos(A+B) = CosA.CosB – SinA.SinB
11. Find from definition the derivative of log (tanx). [6]
Or
Define Lagrange’s Mean value theorem. Also verify the theorem for the
function f(x) = 2x2 – 10x + 29 in [2, 7].
Group 'B'
12. a) If the resultant R of two equal forces P and Q acting at a point is at right
angle to P, prove that: R2 = Q2 – P2. [2]
b) A uniform beam AB is 8 m long and weighs 25kg. Weights of 10kg and
25kg are suspended from A and B respectively. At what point must the
beam be supported so that it may rest horizontally? [2]
c) If a ball is projected vertically upward at a rate of 40ms -1, find the time
taken to attain the maximum height. (g = 10 ms -2) [2]
13. a) State and prove Lami’s theorem. [4]
Or
A body of weight 10kg is suspended by two strings of lengths 7m and
24m, their other ends being fastened to the extremities of a rod of length
25m. If the rod be so held that the body hangs immediately below its
middle point, find the tensions of the strings.

b) A stone is dropped from the top of a tower 200m high and at the same
time another is projected vertically upwards from the ground with a
velocity of 50ms-1. Find where and when the two will meet? (g = 9.8ms -2)
[4]
14. Define moment of a force about a point. State and prove Varignon’s
theorem for two intersecting forces. [6]
15. From a point on the ground at a distance x from the foot of a vertical wall a
ball is thrown at an angle of 450 which just clears the top of the wall and
afterwards strikes the ground at a distance y on the other side. Prove that
xy
the height of the wall is [6]
x y

Trinity International Secondary School 261

 Or
Define energy. State principle of conservation of energy. Also prove that
the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of a moving body remains
constant throughout the vertical motion.
Group 'C'
16. a) Shade the feasible region under the constraints: 2x + y  40, x +2y  50; x,
y  0. [2]
b) Convert the hexadecimal number 22F16 into binary form. [2]
c) Examine whether the system of equations x + 3y – 2z = 0, 2x – 3y + z = 1
and 4x – 3y + z = 3 is diagonally dominant or not. [2]
17. a) Show that the equation x3 – x – 4 = 0 has two negative roots and one
positive root and find the positive root correct to 3 places of decimal by
successive bisection method. [4]
Or
Using Newton Raphson's method, find the positive root of x3 – 2x – 5 = 0
lying between 2 and 3 correct to three places of decimal.
b) Solve by Gauss elimination method: [4]
x + 3y – 2z = 5, 3x + 5y + 6z = 7, 2x + 4y + 3z = 8
18. Apply Simplex method to maximize z = 5x + 3y subject to 2x + y  40, x + 2y
 50; x, y  0 by [6]
2 dx
19. State Trapezoidal rule, hence evaluate  1 x
0 4
for n = 4. Correct to 3

places of decimal. [6]

Or
1 dx
Define Simpson's rule, hence evaluate
 1 x
0
for n = 4, correct to 4

places of decimal.



Trinity International Secondary School 262

 NEB – 2075 (2018)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Group 'A'
Attempt all questions.
1. a) Find the value of r if
9
C2r 9 C3r 1 [2]

x x2 x3 x4 y2 y3 y4
b) If y      ..., show that x  y     ...[2]
1! 2! 3! 4! 2 3 4
c) Solve 3x + 6 = 5 in Z7. [2]
2. a) Determine the equation of the chord joining the points t1 and t2 on the
parabola y2 = 4ax [2]
b) Find the intercepts made by the plane 2x + 3y + 4z = 24 on coordinate
axes. [2]
        
c) Show that the points 2 j  j  k , 3 i  2 j  k and i  4 j  3k , are
collinear. [2]
sinh x
3. a) Find the derivative of x [2]
dx
b) Find the integral  [2]
1  3 cos 2 x
c) Solve: sec
2
x tan xdx  sec 2 y tan x dy  0 [2]
4. a) Find the mean deviation from mean of the data: 6, 8, 10, 13, 5. [2]
b) Find the Pearson’s coefficient of skewness when ∑x = 735, ∑x 2 = 28730,
mode = 35.25, n = 20. [2]
c) An urn contains 4 white, 8 black, 6 red and 2 green marbles. If three balls
are drawn at random, find the probability of getting 2 red and 1 green
marbles. [2]
5. a) How many words can be formed from the letters of the word
‘ENGLISH’? How many of these do not begin with E? How many of these
begin with E and do not end with H? [4]
b) If C0, C1, C2 <, Cn are binomial coefficients in the expansion of (1+x)n,
prove that C0 + 4C1 + 7C2 + 10C3 + <+ (3n+1)Cn = (3n+2)2n-1. [4]
ab
6. a) Let  be defined on Q+ by a  b = Show that (Q+,  ) is Abelian
2
group. [4]

Trinity International Secondary School 263

 b) Prove that the lines joining the ends of latus rectum of the parabola
y2 = 4ax to the point of intersection of the directrix and the axis are at right
angles. [4]
Or
Find the vertices, eccentricities, foci and length of major axis of the ellipse
x  22  y2  5
2
7. a) State and prove the sine law by the vector method [4]
Or
 
Prove that if  is the angle between the vectors a and b , then
 
a, b  ab cos 
b) Evaluate:
 2x  3 x 2  2x  3 dx [4]

dy x 2  y 2 dy
8. a) Solve:   0 Or  2 y tan x  sin x [4]
dx 3xy dx
b) A company produces electronics chips by a process that manufactures
normally average 20% defective products. Sample of four chips is selected
at random and the parts are tested for certain characteristics, what is the
probability that (i) no chip is defective (ii) one chip is defective (iii) more
than one chip are defective. [4]
9. Prove that the straight lines whose direction cosines are given by the
relations al + bm + cn = 0 and fmn + gnl + hlm = 0 are perpendicular if
f g h
   0 and parallel if af  bg  ch  0 [6]
a b c
10. Find from first principles, the derivative of ln (sin x 2). [6]
OR
State the mean value theorem and interpret it geometrically. Verify that the
function f ( x )  x on [1, 4] satisfies conditions of the mean value theorem
and find C prescribed in the theorem.
11. The equations of two regression lines are: [6]
3X + 4Y = 65, 3X + Y = 32
Find:
The mean of X and the mean of Y.
The regression coefficients.

Trinity International Secondary School 264

 The correlation coefficients between X and Y.
The ratio of standard deviation of X and Y.
Group 'B'
12. a) Find the angle between the forces P + Q and P – Q such that their

resultant may be P 2  3Q 2 . [2]

b) A straight uniform beam 1 m long, when a load of 24 kg is placed at one
end, it balances about a point 30 cm from that end. Find the weight of the
beam. [2]
c) A body falls from rest from the top of a tower and after 5 sec it reaches
the ground. Find the striking velocity of the body and height of the tower.
(g = 9.8 m/s2) [2]
13. a) Forces 2, 4, 6 units act at a point in directions parallel to the sides of an
equilateral triangle taken in order. Find their resultant. [4]
OR
A body of weight 45 N is suspended by two strings of lengths 30 cm and 40
cm respectively and the other ends of the string are attached to the
extremities of a rod of length 50 cm. The rod is so held that the body hangs
immediately below its middle point.Find the tensions of the strings.
b) A car starting from rest, moves with uniform acceleration and describes
the first kilometer in 3 minutes. If it now moves with uniform velocity, how
long will it take to describe another kilometer? [4]
14. Prove that algebraic sum of the moments of two intersecting forces about a
point in their place is equal to the moment of their resultant about the same
point. [6]
OR
Define the moment of a force. Forces 1, 2, 4, 5 kg wts act along the sides of a
square taken in order. Prove that their resultant is parallel to a diagonal
and find where it cuts the side along which the first force acts.
15. a) A rocket expels gas at the rate of 0.4 kg/s. If the velocity of the gas is 400
m/s, what is the force produced by the rocket? [6]
b) A particle is projected with a velocity if 49 m/s, at an angle of 300 to the
horizon, find the time of flight and the range.
c) A pump having a power of 392 W pumps water at the rate of 100 litres
per minute. Find the height to which water is raised. (g = 9.8 m/s 2, 1 litre = 1
kg)

Trinity International Secondary School 265

 Group 'C'
16. a) Determine graphically the solution set of: 2x + y  2, x  0 , y  0. [2]
b) If f(0) = -1 and f(8) = 1, how many steps of the bisection method will be
required to find an approximation to the root of f(x) accurate to 0.25? [2]
4
c) Apply Simpson’s rule to approximate the value of  1
e x ln x dx with

n = 3. [2]
17. a) Using the simplex method, maximize p = x + 3y subject to constraints
x + y ≤ 4, x – y ≤ 1, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 . [4]

 1  x 
2 1
1
b) Compute an approximate value of dx by using the
0
composite trapezoid rule with three points. Then comparing with the
actual value of the integral, find the error. [4]
OR
2 1 1
Approximate

0
2x dx using Simpson’s
3
rule with h
2
.
18. For f(x) = x – 4, perform 3 iterations of Newton-Raphson’s method with
3

starting point x0 = 2. Find the errors and percentage errors of x 0, x1, x2 and
x3. [6]
19. What are two steps of Gauss elimination method? Find the approximate
solution of the following system of equations by Gauss elimination method:
3x – y + z = -2, x + 5y + 2z = 6, 2x + 3y + z = 0. [6]
Or
Solve the following system of equations by matrix inversion method:
3x + 5z = 14, 2x + y – 3z = 3, x + y + z = 4.

Trinity International Secondary School 266

 NEB – 2076 (2019)
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Time : 3 hrs. Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35
Note: Group A is compulsory and select another one group either B or C.
(Group 'A')
Attempt all the question.
18. a) In how many ways the letters of the word CALCULUS can be arranged
so that Vowels are always together?
12
 1 
b) Find the middle term in the example of  X   (2)
 x2 
c) Using caley's table for (G,*) where G= 1,1 , find inverse elements of G.
19. a) Determine the question of the hyperbola with a focus at (5,0) and a
vertex (3.0) (2)
b) Find the direction cosines of the line joining the points (1, 2, 3,) and (4, 5,
7). (2)
c) Show that the vectors i^+2j^+4k^,2i^+5j^-k^ and 3i^+8j^-6k are
collinear. (2)
   
20. a) Show that the vector axb is perpendicular to vectors a and b . (2)
dx
b) Evaluate:  1  2 cos x
. (2)

ex  x  1
c) Evaluate, using L' Hopital rule:   0 Lim (2)
x2

dx dy xy
21. a) If   0 , show that  c , where c is constant. (2)
1  x2 1  y2 1  xy

b) Which of the following distribution is consistent from the information

given below?
Distribution 'A' Distribution 'B'
A.M 95 90
S.d 10 9
c) If three coins are tossed simultaneously, what is the probability that it
turn two heads?

Trinity International Secondary School 267

22. a) In how many ways a committee or five can be formed out of 4 men and
3 women so that it includes at least one woman? (4)
b) If a and b are the elements of a group (G, *), then prove that a*x=b and
x*a=b,x G have unique solution in (G,* ) (4)
OR
If a, b G , where (G,* ) is a group prove:
i. (a*b)-1 = b-1*a-1 ii. (a-1)-1=a
23. a) Find condition that a line y=mx + c is tangent to the parabola y 24ax
Or
( x  6) 2 y 2
Find the vertices and foci of the curve  1
4 36
b) Find the equation or the plane through the point (2,-3,1) and
perpendicular to the line joining the two point (3,4,-1) and (2,-1,5). (4)
x2
24. a) Evaluate:  x 4  2x 2  15 dx
dy
b) Solve: sin x  y cos x  x sin x
dx

Or
dy 1
Solve: (1+x2)  y  e te x
dx
25. a) Calculate the coefficient or correlation between the price and sales. (4)
Price 25 21 28 26 20 30
sales 60 54 66 68 70 50

b) The chance that A can solve the problem is 3/5 and the chance that B can
solve the problem is 2/3, find the probability that: (4)
i) The problem is solved ii) none of then can solve the problem.
1 1 1
   .....
1! 3! 5! e1
26. Prove that: 
   ..... e  1
1 1 1
2! 4! 6!
27. Define vector product of two vectors. Also prove using vector method
sin(A+B)=sine A Cos B+ Cos A sin B.
28. From definition, find the derivative of log cos-1x. (6)
Or

Trinity International Secondary School 268

  (x)  x  2x , the
2
Using mean value theorem, find a point on the curve

tangent at which is parallel to the chord joining the points (1-1) and (4,8).
Group 'B'
29. a) Two forces acting at a angle 450 have a resultant equal to 10 N .

If one or the force be 2 N , find the other force. (2)

b) Two parallel forces of 25 kg weight and 20kg weight and 20kg weight
are acting at a distance 25 cm apart. Find the point at which their
resultant acts.
c) A body of mass 0.5kg and initially at rest is subject to a force of 2N for
1sec. Find the velocity acquired during the second. (2)
30. a) State and prove trianote of forces. (4)
Or
Force 1N,2N,3N act at a point in direction parallel to the sides of an
equilateral triangle taken in order. Find their resultant.
b) A store is dropped from the top of a tower 200m high and at the same
time another is projected vertically up wards from the ground with a
velocity 50ms-1. Find where and when the two will meet?
(g=9.8ms-2) (4)
31. Forces equal to p, 2p ,3p and 4p act along the side of a square ABCD take
on order, find the magnitude, direction and the line or action of the
resultant.
32. If R be the horizontal range or a projectile and h its greatest height, prove
R2
that its initial velocity is 2g( h  ), (6)
16h
A bullet passes through two planks in succession. Its initial velocity is
1200m/s and it loses a velocity of 200m/s in penetrating through each plank.
Find the ratio of the thickness or the planks, assuming that they offer the
same average resistance.
(Group 'C')
33. a) Graphical shade the feasible region for the constraints
x  2y  7 , x  y  4, x, y  0

b) Convert hexadecimal number 81 A into Octal number. (2)

c) Using Gauss-elimination method solves the equations. x+ 2y =5, 5x-3y=-1

Trinity International Secondary School 269

34. a) Using method of successive bisection method or Newton Raphson's
method, find the root of the equation x2+x-4=0 In(1,2) correct to three
places of decimals. (4)
b) Use gauss- seidel method to solve
3x + 4y+8z =7, x+20y + z = -18 and 25x + y + -5z =19
35. Solve by simplex method:
Maximize z=7x1+ 5x2 subject to x1+ 2x2  6 , 4x1+ 3x2  12,x1,x2  0. (6)
1


1
36. Evaluate: 1  x 3 dx, u sin g Simpson's rule with n=4. (6)
3
0

Or
1
dx
Evaluate:  1  x , using Trapezoidal rule for n=4 .
0



Trinity International Secondary School 270