An Android Based Emergency Ambulance Tracking

Service App for COVID-19 Patients

Literature Review:

Ambulance Hub: A cloud-based solution for ambulance services is the topic of Pratik
Mohapatra and Anjan Koundinya's article [1]. Ambulance Hub aims to tackle all of this
with a simple solution: a cloud-based application. Ambulance Hub includes a specific
SOS button that may be used to summon an ambulance with only one click. It sends a
request to the Ambulance Hub server side application via the Microsoft Azure cloud. The
nearest ambulance receives a notice after it is submitted to the server-side program, and
he is provided the shortest and fastest route to the site. Ambulance Hub also features an
intelligent bot that recognizes keywords and can provide general first-aid advice. The
clever bot recognizes important terms and offers appropriate first-aid measures. There is
no wait and it is incredibly quick. The software also syncs all of the user's medical
information to the cloud, including emergency numbers that may be dialed in the event
of an injury. It also recommends workouts and measures to follow in order to stay. This
is accomplished by first determining the user's BMI and heart rate.

Arsalan Khan and his colleagues presented a paper [2] on Accident Detection and
Smart Rescue Systems Using Android Smartphones with Real-Time Location Tracking.
It states that in order to minimize reaction time, better traffic technology must be
implemented, which will assist in reducing response time and, as a result, deaths. The
goal of this study is to build and deploy an automated system that uses cell phones to
identify car accidents and notify them to the nearest available responders in order to
assist combat these rising challenges and minimize deaths. By reducing the time it takes
for emergency services to respond to a car collision, the detection system might help
minimize deaths. Other emergency services, such as Fire Department, Police
Department, and Medical Emergency Services, will be provided through the system. We
are using Android smartphones in this project to identify accidents and notify them to the
nearest available emergency responders, along with the specific position of the victims.
On the side of emergency responders, the technology would alert them to nearby
occurrences and provide them with real-time tracking of emergency victims on a Google
map. This will aid emergency personnel in tracking down victims and rescuing them as
quickly as possible.
The Smart Band Ambulance System is the subject of a paper given by Shubhanshu
singh patwal, Rohit Kumar, and Rishabh Mishra [3]. Because IoT can be utilized
broadly in huge numbers of end systems where significant volumes of data can be
retrieved and processed simply and powerfully, it can be employed smoothly to enhance
the emergency medical response via smart band ambulance system. IoT and smart
devices aid in the development of a platform that serves every smart device user, with a
smart band constantly monitoring the heartbeats of the person wearing it. This
information will be gathered via an app and uploaded to a centralized database, where it
will be screened for any abnormalities. If any are discovered, the individual will be
notified, and an ambulance will be dispatched to their location if necessary. On their
smartphones, users may view the position of sent ambulances thanks to the Global
Positioning System (GPS) and Google Maps API.

Satyasheel Pol et al. [4] created a smart ambulance system application in 2016. The
program uses the Google Map Application Programming Interface (API) to plot details of
the ambulances on the Google Map Client of the Smartphone App, which receives
position information from GPS hardware. The same feature may be used in the other
module, which allows users to quickly locate hospitals and the services they provide.
Information regarding a patient's health can be communicated to the hospital via a
medically equipped and technologically powered ambulance so that further action can
be taken. The Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface may
be used to communicate between the smartphone and the centralized database (REST
APIs). The platforms that are being employed are capable of molding into numerous
services that are being deployed, and it is anticipated that if correctly exploited, these
technologies can make a revolutionary contribution to public GPS work.

The system of Android smart-phone and OBD-II connection has been established by
J.Zaldivar et al. (2011) [5] in a car. When the system detects an accident, it sends an
SMS to the user chosen emergency contacts, it contains accident details and
immediately makes an emergency call. Installed with an OBD-II connection, all
contemporary automobiles send vehicle data in real time such as acceleration, oil
pressure, speed, etc. The OBD-II standard must be supported for the system to operate
in a car. Since 2001, European nations have also implemented a variant of this standard
in the United States and Europe, which means automobiles in the United States as well
as in Europe may utilize this system and not all vehicles in other countries are available.
Besides that it is highly costly to upgrade and maintain this system

Rekha Jadhav et al. [6] (2014) has launched a novel EMS system, which enables ad
hoc smartphone communication over Wi-Fi during crisis situations. The EMS is available
for the individual in an emergency or for anybody on the emergency scene. Each
request should be accompanied with Location Coordinates. The system is based on
Client-Server concepts, in which the server meets Client's requests.
The 2017 IoT Smart Ambulance System was proposed by Omkar Udawant et al. [7].
Smart ambulances will evaluate the condition of critical parameters in different sensors
such as heart rate sensors, blood pressure and ECG. Simultaneously traffic signals will
be sent to the hospital database using the GPRS messages through the cloud. Hospital
officials prepare appropriately when they have received the status of crucial indicators.
Within a range of 100m, the intelligent ambulance will transmit the signal to green if it is
red, and GPRS will perform communication between intelligent ambulances through
clouds. The technology enables a rapid response to emergencies by regulating traffic
lights automatically along the ambulance path.

In 2016, S. Pradeep Kumar et al. [8] released the study on the state of a patient under
the control of the micro-electro mechanical system (MEMS), heart beat, temperatures
and vibrations. These sensors detect the different patient parameters and these
parameters are monitored by an android phone that is connected by Bluetooth. Mobile
GPS is automatically triggered in the event of an emergency and a message is
transmitted through mobile GSM to the server. The server determines the nearest route
to the Ambulance and also sends the family an alert SMS.

In 2018, Marimuthu R. et al. [9] introduced the notion of efficient and user-friendly
ambulance services. For the user who is able to order an ambulance and also pick a
hospital where the user desires to take the patient, an Android application has been
developed. A button for emergency situations was also provided in the program, which
immediately assigns the next ambulance to the patient's location.

In 2020, P Devigayathri et al. [10] released a study in which mobile android applications
for effective and comfortable ambulance services are implemented using several
approaches. Install the program and record the data of ambulance services accessible
to ambulance service providers. The ambulance facility can be used by the enquirer,
either by recording details on a request or in case of an emergency. The applicant can
either manually detect the ambulance location by supplying the location data or by
triggering the requested choice automatically. The smartphone app provides the fastest
service by finding the nearest ambulance and leading to the patient's place and to the
hospital on the shortest path. In order to trace the location of registered ambulance
services, the global positioning service (GPS) facility is employed. The shortest distance
and fastest path is indicated by Google Maps. Cloud storage is used to save ambulance
and application information. With the introduction of present and trending technology, the
most useful service will be provided to the needy.
Existing Systems(WEB):

HASBD :

HASBD [11] helps by offering a wide range of convenient healthcare services (Hospital
Info, Doctors Appointment and Ambulance Service) for you and your family. These can
help you save time, money and make it easier to deal with life's most unexpected
events.

fig-1: hasbd website homepage

ONLINE-AMBULANCE :

Online Ambulance [12] Service is a prominent name for maintaining its impeccable
service throughout the entire Bangladesh. They provide any kind of
EMERGENCY/URGENT ambulance service to the people with severe illness or
pregnancy. The Online Ambulance Service will securely transport the patients from any
hospital to anywhere in Bangladesh. They provide ambulances within any budget. They
also have Freezer Van ambulances to safely carry the dead bodies in unchanged
condition.

fig-2: Online Ambulance website homepage

SHEBA.XYZ:
Sheba.xyz [13] is the first and the largest service platform in Bangladesh for all urban
home and office services. Sheba.xyz provides almost all the services including
Ambulance Service. Their services include standard ambulances with Proper
equipment.Stretchers are available to carry the patient.Service available to go anywhere
in Bangladesh. Clean & Hygienic Ambulance. Certified & Skilled Driver.

fig-3: Sheba.xyz website’s ambulance service section page

DHAKA AMBULANCE:
Dhaka ambulance [14] services are one of the reliable and expedited ambulance
services in Bangladesh. They specialize in the transportation of critically ill patients by
life support ICU ambulance. They have many types of ambulance. Such as ICU
ambulance, Freezing ambulance, Hiace AC & Non AC ambulance. Their service is
provided at a cheap rate. Dhaka ambulance Services, offering 24 hours of medical
transport facilities. Their ambulance services in the whole country at an affordable cost
with very affection and care. They as a team are experienced in providing emergency
treatments with the shortest span of time. They have a great experience, potential, and
abilities to transmit the patients from the home to the hospitals with great care and
affection.

fig-4: Dhaka ambulance website homepage

URAL EMS:

First time in Bangladesh, [15] URAL EMS introduced a convenient and simple
emergency medical service platform. It is a location-based service that makes hiring an
on-demand ambulance easy from mobile or desktop. With the tap of a button on a
smartphone device, an ambulance can be hired during an emergency to pick up a
critically ill patient and take him or her to the desired hospitals or clinics. URAL EMS
helps save lives. It aims to transform the health space by bringing transparency in the
ecosystem and ensuring faster ambulance response time.
Woadec Ltd maintains, develops and owns this platform.

fig-5: URAL EMS website homepage

LAMYEA AMBULANCE SERVICE:
Lamyea ambulance services [16] are one of the reliable and expedited ambulance
services in Bangladesh. They specialize in the transportation of the critically ill patients
by advanced life support ambulance. They have a separate ambulance service system
for covid-19 patients. They have many types of ambulance. Such as ICU ambulance,
Freezing ambulance, Hiace AC & Non AC ambulance. Their service is provided at a
cheap rate.

fig-6: Lamyea ambulance website homepage

DESH AMBULANCE SERVICE:

Desh ambulance [17] is a 24 hours ambulance service in Dhaka, Bangladesh. They
have a freezer ambulance, ICU ambulance, Life Support Ambulance, Air ambulance.
Desh Ambulance service offers lower cost than other and with high quality ambulance.
Most of their ambulances can run both oil and gas. So, no worries about fuel availability.
They have big and small ambulances in Dhaka city. All ambulance services are
equipped with oxygen, oxygen musk, stretcher, ventilation system, ambulance siren,
driver with paramedic helper etc.

fig-7: Desh ambulance website homepage

AMBULANCE BD:
Ambulance BD [18] provides primary emergency care 24 hours a day, seven days a
week to trauma and medical-related emergencies. They provide an organized,
disciplined system that enables an appropriate, timely response by qualified health care
workers to confirmed or potential medical emergencies. Ambulance BD provides the
expertise, equipment, and experience in the intervention of emergencies, management,
assessment, and transport of patients in various disaster, uncontrolled or controlled
environments. Modern ambulance BD services operate state of the art centers of
communication 24/7 with highly-trained and experienced dispatchers, clinicians, and
call-takers. This makes them suited ideally to coordinate any requests you may have. to
ensure the right patient gets the right medical resources within the right time frame to
meet all their medical necessities.

fig-8: Ambulance BD website homepage

SOMOY AMBULANCE SERVICE:
Somoy Ambulance Service [19] Bangladesh provides comprehensive pre-hospital care
to all events including all patients and covid19. They staff first aid personnel all the way
up to Intensive Care Paramedics and Emergency Doctors. Their services include out-of-
hospital emergency medical care and transport. They also have a non-emergency
ambulance transport service.They also handle Emergency and major events
management.

fig-9: Somoy Ambulance website homepage

EUROPEAN AIR AMBULANCE:

European Air Ambulance (EAA) [20] is one of the largest specialised air ambulance
service providers in Europe offering worldwide air ambulance repatriation with
outstanding end-to-end patient care. EAA founder Luxembourg Air Ambulance has a
record of over 33 successful years of experience in air ambulance services with medical
repatriation experience from over 150 countries worldwide, giving EAA one of the
broadest expertise in the air ambulance industry. EAA provides its services 24/7/365
throughout the world and can also rely on a dense network of international co-operation
agreements, which ensures speedy and smooth execution of intensive care transports
with bed-to-bed service.

fig-10: European Air website homepage

Existing Systems(Android App):
EMERGENCY AMBULANCE SERVICE

Emergency Ambulance Service [21] is a free application with the emergency contact
number of Ambulances of Bangladesh Fire Service & Civil Defence. This app uses
publicly available data provided by Fire Service & Civil Defence. This app was developed
as per the specific request by Bangladesh Fire Service & Civil Defence.

fig-11: screenshots of Emergency Ambulance Service app

ST. JOHN AMBULANCE

St. John Ambulance [22] (Parsi Ambulance Division) was first started in Bombay in
1902. St. John Ambulance activities started in Calcutta around 1905 and 1910. St. John
Ambulance National Activities started in 1912.In Bengal, when St. John Ambulance
activities started, it had its units in all the districts of Bengal (including East Bengal, now
Bangladesh).

fig-12: screenshots of St. John Ambulance app

1990 - AMBULANCE

The 1990 Suwa Seriya Ambulance Service [23] is in operation Island wide. This app
saves more lives because of high accuracy. Worked well with quick response. Identified
the caller and location. The 1990 Suwa Seriya Foundation was established by Act of
Parliament in 2018, and functions under Primary Health Care, Epidemics and COVID
Disease Control State Ministry. 1990 Suwa Seriya provides island-wide, free pre-hospital
emergency care to all Sri Lankans, with an average response time of 15:32 minutes.
Going beyond providing a basic emergency service, ‘1990 Suwasariya’ has embraced
new technology in providing this remarkable service including a locally developed real-
time vehicle tracking system monitored by the central command and control center, and
an ambulance navigation and routing system for faster reach to the patient location.

fig-13: screenshots of 1990 - Ambulance app

UAE AMBULANCE

UAE Ambulance Services [24] provides a wide range of ambulance services for
emergency and non-emergency cases that have been fulfilling their client’s needs and
requirements. Their ambulance is available 24/7 and their team consists of well – trained
medical responders and drivers who abide by Health Authority Abudhabi and UAE traffic
rules and regulations. Their hallmark values are not only organizational guidelines. But
an integrated part of Their day-to-day operations. UAE ambulance consists of an
extensively knowledgeable management team of paramedics, Ambulance Medical
Technicians and nurses, each with an average of 25 years in emergency medical
services. Their management team trains and supports Their EMT crews.

fig-14: screenshots of UAE Ambulance app

CALL AMBULANCE - 24/7

One can call Ambulance by [25] simply one step. In this app, users can sign up through
Email. In an emergency he/she raises an emergency for self or Stranger. After that
select the type of emergency for example tap on Road Accident and after that when the
location is allowed on mobile and click on Call Ambulance then then user location will be
shared to the ambulance driver. With this app users can save many lives. Ambulance
drivers find it difficult to reach the patient because of difficulty in locating the exact
location of the emergency. For patient and driver login is required. The Internet must be
available. Location permission must be allowed. The 1st one hour after an emergency is
extremely critical in saving a patient's life. If the treatment begins later than 1 hour of an
accident or a medical emergency the chances of recovery fall down by almost 60%.

fig-15: screenshots of Call Ambulance app

AMBULANCE SERVICE: BEST WAYS

Best Ways Ambulance Services [26] provides a wide range of ambulance services for
emergency and non-emergency cases fulfilling their client’s needs and requirements.
Their ambulance is available 24/7 and Their team consists of well–trained medical
responders and drivers who abide by Health Authority and UAE traffic rules and
regulations. Their hallmark values are not only organizational guidelines. But an
integrated part of our day-to-day operations. Best Ways ambulance is comprised of an
extensively knowledgeable management team of paramedics, Ambulance Medical
Technicians, and nurses, each with an average of 25 years in emergency medical
services. Their management team trains and supports our EMT crews. Who is held to
the highest standards of service and patient care.

fig-16: screenshots of Best Ways Ambulance Services app

AMBULANCE WHIZZ

The app allows an ambulance driver to inform the traffic police about an upcoming
emergency vehicle, to create a fast corridor till the hospital. Ambulance whizz [27] helps
create an open corridor for ambulances. In this app at first the user has to login using
name, phone and where the user is from. After submitting the user has to select the type
of emergency. Then the user has to get to select the hospital information.

fig-17: screenshots of Ambulance whizz app

HOSPIGO | AMBULANCE SERVICES

HOSPI-GO [28] is a well known and pioneer service provider of air, train & ground
ambulance services we provide our both an emergency medical transport services in all
over India to help in need people, Hospi-Go Ambulance has only aimed to help people in
their critical days by providing best services and hi-tech medical facilities throughout the
journey. Hospi-Go Ambulance Services and emergency medical transport services have
been listed in North East top ambulance services only by our services and facilities.
Hospi-Go provides quick and an Emergency Ambulance Service from North East within
time at an economical rate.

fig-18: screenshots of Hospi-Go Ambulance Services app

DCAS SMART SOS

DCAS (Dubai Corporation For Ambulance Services - ‫ )إسعاف دبي‬SOS [29] is an

Emergency Request Application. Emergency Request within a Single Click. People can
use this application to request SOS, The app allows users to request ambulance
services for people having hearing disabilities.& visual disabilities. The application
provides training from Dubai Ambulance online via text, Illustrations & Video clips. The
application also provides Smart Services offered by DCAS.

fig-19: screenshots of DCAS SOS app

SAVIOR - CALL FOR AMBULANCE
Users can get an ambulance anytime & anywhere with the tap of a button. The Savior
[30] mobile app helps the users to call an ambulance anywhere during the time of a
medical emergency. Backed up by state-of-the-art technology and a collaborative
network of medical centres, trained volunteers and ambulances, Savior ensures that one
can get quick access to medical care when they need it.

fig-20: screenshots of Savior mobile app

Summary of Existing System:

 Service Availability Live Emergency COVID Corona AGP
in Tracking SOS procedures
Name Bangladesh
SOS Alert

WEB HASBD Yes No No No No No

SYSTEM
Online Yes No Yes No No No
Ambulance

Sheba.xyz Yes No No No No Yes

Dhaka Yes No No No No No
ambulance

URAL EMS Yes No No No No No

Lamyea Yes No No Yes No No

ambulance

Desh Yes No No No No No
ambulance

Ambulance Yes No No No No Yes

BD

Somoy Yes No No No No No
Ambulance

European No No No Yes No Yes

Air
Ambulance

ANDROID Emergency Yes No No No No No

APP Ambulance
Service

St. John No No No No No No
Ambulance

1990 No Yes Yes No No No

Ambulance

UAE No No Yes No No No
Ambulance

call Yes Yes Yes No No No

Ambulance

Best Ways No No No No No Yes

Ambulance
Services

Ambulance No No No No No No
whizz

Hospi-Go No Yes No No No Yes

Ambulance

DCAS SOS No Yes Yes No No Yes

 Savior No Yes Yes No No Yes

References:

[1] Mohapatra, P., & Koundinya, A. K. (2017). Ambulance Hub: A Cloud Based Solution
 for Ambulance Services. 2017 2nd International Conference on Computational
Systems and Information Technology for Sustainable Solution (CSITSS), 2017.

[2] Arsalan Khan, Farzana Bibi, Mohammad Dilshad & Salman Ahmed,(2018). Accident
Detection and Smart Rescue System using Android Smartphone with Real-Time
Location Tracking, (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science
and Applications, Vol. 9, No. 6, 2018.

[3] Shubhanshu Singh Patwal , Rohit Kumar & Rishabh Mishra, (2017). Smart Band
Ambulance System, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer
Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) Volume 06, Issue 05, ISSN: 2278 – 1323, May
2017.

[4] Poonam Gupta ,Satyasheel Pol , Dharmanath Rahatekar, Avanti Patil “Smart
Ambulance System” International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887),
2016.

[5] J. Zaldivar, C. T. Calafate, J. C. Cano and P. Manzoni, "Providing accident

detection in vehicular networks through OBD-II devices and Android-based
smartphones," 2011 IEEE 36th Conference on Local Computer Networks, Bonn,
2011, pp. 813-819, 2011.

[6] Rekha Jadhav, Jwalant Patel,Darshan Jain, (2014). “Emergency Management System
Using Android Application”, (IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and
Information Technologies, Vol. 5 (3) , 2014, 2803-2805.

[7] Omkar Udawant, Nikhil Thombare, Devanand Chauhan, Akash Hadke, Dattatray
Wagholi, (2017). “Smart ambulance system using IoT”, 2017 International Conference
on Big Data, IoT and Data Science (BID), 17686271, Dec. 2017.

[8] S. Pradeep Kumar, D. Akash, K. Murali, & R. Shriram, (2016). “Call ambulance smart
elderly monitoring system with nearest ambulance detection using Android and
Bluetooth”. 2016 Second International Conference on Science Technology
Engineering and Management (ICONSTEM), 16285331, March 2016.

[9] Marimuthu R., Bansal Hardik, Mathur Shubhi, Balamurugan S. (2018). “Smart
Ambulance Services”. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 11(1):1-4,
January 2018.

[10] P Devi Gayathri, R Amritha Varshini, MI Pooja & S Subbulakshmi (2020). “Mobile
Ambulance Management Application for Critical Needs”. 2020 Fourth International
Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC), 19569509,
March 2020.

[11] Hasbd, https://hasbd.com/ambulances/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[12] Online-ambulance, https://onlineambulancebd.com/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[13] Sheba.xyz, https://www.sheba.xyz/ambulance-service [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[14] Dhaka ambulance, https://www.dhakaambulance.com.bd/ [Last access on 24 Aug.

2021]
[15] Ural ems, https://uralems.com/bn/home-bn/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[16] Lamia ambulance, https://lamyeaambulance.com/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[17] Desh ambulance, https://www.deshambulance.com/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[18] Ambulance bd, https://ambulancebd.org/?lang=bn [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[19] Somoy ambulance, https://somoyambulance.com.bd/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[20] EAA, https://www.air-ambulance.com/ [Last access on 24 Aug. 2021]

[21] Emergency Ambulance Service, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.sgc.cl.ambulance&hl=bn&gl=US

[22] St. John Ambulance, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.silexsoftwares.stjohnambulance&hl=en_AU&gl=US

[23] 1990 - Ambulance, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=lk.gov.suwasariya.ambulance1990&hl=bn&gl=US

[24] UAE Ambulance, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.a2zsolution.uaeambulances&hl=bn&gl=US

[25] call Ambulance, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=a.com.callambulance&hl=bn&gl=US

[26] Best Ways Ambulance Services, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.bestways.ambulance&hl=bn&gl=US

[27] Ambulance whizz, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.gmail.drdivs05.ambulancewhizz&hl=bn&gl=US

[28] Hospi-Go Ambulance, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.justwebsite_info.HospiGo&hl=bn&gl=US

[29] DCAS SOS, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.dcas.app&hl=bn&gl=US

[30] Savior, https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?

id=com.codecraft.savior&hl=bn&gl=US