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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the
Development and Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

Let’s Learn
This module was designed and written to help you understand the
nature and elements of dance.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Engage in moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPAs) for at least 60
minutes most days of the week in a variety of settings in- and out-of-school
(PEH11FH-Ia-t-8).
2. Demonstrate proper etiquette and safety in the use of facilities and
equipment (PEH11FH-Ia-t-12).
Objectives:
a. explain the nature of different dances
b. value the importance of the nature of different dances to preserve
the cultural identity and diversity.

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 Let’s Try
Direction: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer
1. A person who designs dance for the stage
a. Choreographer c. Chorus
b. Choreography d. None of the above
2. Rene is practicing a contemporary dance that uses her arms, head,
and torso. What element of dance is present in the example given?
a. Energy c. Motion
b. Space d. Time
3. Which of the following is an isolation?
a. Sit ups c. Head/Neck rolls
b. high knees d. Splits
4. Which is not the fundamental composition element of dance?
a. Time c. Space
b. Shape d. Texture
5. What is an example of time?
a. High and low c. Slow and Fast
b. Sharp and Fluid d. None of the above
6. What are locomotor movements?
a. Movements that travel through space
b. Walking, Running, and galloping
c. Hopping, skipping, and jumping
d. All of the above
7. It is an expression of the body, following rhythmic patterns and is
accompanied by music.
a. Dance c. Singing
b. Drama d. None of the above
8. In body mechanics, which of the following scenarios is most likely to
result in alignment problems?
a. imbalance muscular strength and flexibility
b. insufficient joint mobility
c. imbalance in upper-body and lower-body development
d. insufficient muscular strength
9. The basic step in dancing that shows respect to audience.
a. Gallop c. Bow
b. Skip d. Sway
10. A dance that originated in Cuba.
a. Ballet c. Hip hop
b. Cha cha cha d. Boggie

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Lesson

1 Nature and Elements of Dance

Let’s Recall

PICTURE ANALYSIS
Direction: Analyze the picture below and answer the following questions
intellectually.

1. What can you say about the picture?

2. What kind of feeling do you think does the picture impose?
3. What form of art do you see in the picture?

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 Let’s Explore
Find the following words in the puzzle. Words are hidden in either vertical
( ), horizontal ( ), or diagonal ( ) form.

Let’s Elaborate
Introduction to Dance
According to Barbara Mettler (1980), dance is an activity which can take
many forms and fill many different needs. It can be recreation, entertainment,
education, therapy and religion. In its purest and most basic form, dance is art,
the art of body movement.

Definition of Dance
It is a form of art using rhythmic bodily movements expressing ideas and
emotions and is accompanied by music. As an art form, it may tell a story, set
a mood, or express an emotion. Dance is recognized as a form of recreation and
considered a form of socialization.

History of Dance
Prehistoric Period
The Egyptians were the first great culture to infuse its society with the
magic of dance; which evolved from the simplest rituals used by hunters to find
their prey.
Greek Period
Greek dance evolved from basic dramatic form which incorporated
dance, music, spoken words, and costumes. Participation in dance and drama

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festival was a religious exercise, not merely an amusement. There were more
than 200 Greek dances designed for every mood and purpose.
Roman Period
Rome imported entertainers from Greece to perform theatrical pieces
in honor of the gods and to amuse a population weary from a plague. Romans
were influenced by Grecian models, putting the most emphasis on the spectacle
and mime to the extent that dancing itself almost disappeared.
Medieval Period
Originally dance movements were part of dramatic rituals, the best-
known of which is the Latin Mass. By the middle ages, these works moved from
inside the churches to the out-of-doors. Another important rite of the Middle
Ages was known as the dance of death.
Renaissance Period
This Period saw the birth of theatre in dance in the courts of Italian City
states, where such dance was used as a political machinery to show splendor,
wealth, and power.
Classic Period
During the middle 17th century, ballet became a spectacle in every
court. Public ballet performances involved more than just dancing because they
were a mixture of poetry, music, dialogue, and elaborate dance. Such ballet
performance was known as ballet a entree.
Modern Period
During the 20th century, jazz and tap dance became popular as classic
ballet continued to flourish. Social dances such as the fox trot, two-step,
Boston, Charleston, Castle walk, Castle polka, tango, conga, and rumba
became popular.

Benefits of Dance and Creative Movement

Physical •Mental/ Emotional •Social •Cultural>
 Develops cardiovascular & muscular endurance
 Improves coordination, balance, flexibility, & body composition
 Lowers cardiovascular disease, BMI, resting heart rate
 Enables joint mobility
 Helps keep the brain sharp
 Decreases incidence of dementia & Alzheimer’s disease, depression
 Increase self-esteem & improve body image
 Give sense of togetherness within a group
 Encourages positive social interaction &interpersonal relationship in a group
 Potential for self-actualization in society Promotes cultural values

The Elements of Dance

4 Elements of Dance

1. SPACE – the area surrounding a person in which he/she is able to move.

1.1 Level: The vertical distance from the floor. (High, Medium, or Low)
1.2 Direction: Where the body moves. (e.g. Forward, backward, up,
down, sideways, diagonally, etc.)
1.3 Focus: Where the dancer’s eyes look as he/she is dancing.
1.4 Size: How large or small movements.
 SPACE
•Shape •Level •Direction
•Focus •Size

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2. TIME - the duration of the movement
•Beat- The ongoing underlying pulse.
2.1 Tempo - how fast or slow the movements are executed.
2.2 Accent - strong beats that usually occur at regular intervals.
2.3 Rhythmic Patterns - arranging long and short movement or strong
and light movement.
2.4 Duration- the length of time the movement lasts.
3. FORCE – this gives indication how the body uses energy while moving.
FORCE = ENERGY
3.1 Heavy / Light
3.2 Sharp / Smooth
3.3 Tensed / Relaxed
3.4 Bound / Flowing
4.BODY
4.1 Part
4.2 Shape circles, squares, triangles, etc. made with parts of the body,
the whole body, with groups of people, or by moving through
space. Symmetrical or Asymmetrical.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD DANCE

• UNITY- interconnected phrases of the dance are coherent and flow smoothly
together. It attracts and holds the audience’s attention.
• VARIETY and CONTRAST- add excitement and flavor in the dance.
Changing the direction, use of energy, timing of a movement phrase, and
avoiding repeating them in the exact way are ways to add variety to the dance.
• TRANSITION- also vital because it keeps the unity and continuity of the
dance. It may vary from length and complexity. They may be long or short,
gradual or abrupt.
• REPETITION- usually when a certain phrase or a section of choreography is
repeated, it is the main message of the dance. Also the audience can see those
movements again and identify its significance.
• CLIMAX – the apex of energy in the dance is reached.

Let’s Dig In
Dance Timeline
Direction: Make a timeline of dance using the graphic organizer below.

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 Let’s Remember
Answer the following Questions.
1. What are the benefits of performing a dance?
2. Enumerate and explain the elements of dance.
3. Enumerate and explain the characteristics of a good dance.

Let's Apply
I. Identify what being asked the following statement. Write your answer before
the number

_______________1. Who said this: “Dance is an activity which can take many
forms and fill many different needs”.
_______________2. A form of art that used rhythmic bodily movement
expressing ideas and emotions that accompanied by
music.
_______________3. The first great culture to infuse its society with magic of
dance.
_______________ 4. A dance period where in dance was used as political
machinery to show splendor, wealth, and power.
_______________5. A dance period where entertainers from Greece performed
theatrical piece in honor of the gods and to amuse a
population weary from a plague.
_______________6. A dance period where jazz and tap dance became popular.

II. Enumeration:
Give at least four (4) benefits of dance.
7. ___________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________
10. __________________________________________

Let’s Evaluate
Multiple choice: Encircle the letter that best corresponds to your answer in a
given statement.
1. If you were describing the direction that a dancer moves across the
floor, which compositional element would you be most engaged with?
a. Space c. force
b. Time d. shape
2. The apex of energy in the dance is reached.
a. Climax c. Repetition
b. Unity d. Transition
3. Interconnected phrases of the dance are coherent and flow smoothly
together.
a. Unity c. Transition
b. Repetition d. Climax

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 4. The length of time the movement lasts.
a. Time c. Duration
b. Space d. Body
5. The duration of the movement •Beat - the ongoing underlying pulse.
a. Direction c. Unity
b. Body d. Force
6. How fast or slow the movements.
a. Tempo c. Rhythm
b. Accent d. Pattern
7. Usually when a certain phrase or a section of choreography is repeated,
it is the main message of the dance
a. Unity c. Transition
b. Climax d. Repetition
8. It keeps the unity and continuity of the dance. It may vary in length and
complexity.
a. Climax c. Rhythm
b. Transition d. Space
9. It adds excitement and flavor in the dance.
a. Variety and contrast c. Tempo
b. Unity d. Transition
10. Strong beats that usually occur at regular intervals.
a. Tempo c. Pattern
b. Accent d. Space

References

 West County Transportation Agency. (2008). First Aid Test [PDF

file]. Retrieved from
http://site.iugaza.edu.ps/aarahma/files/2010/02/FirstAid.pdf

 National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, Office of

Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. (1999). Knowing My
8 Rules for Safety [PDF file]. Retrieved from
https://isp.idaho.gov/wp-
content/uploads/sites/3/documents/8rules.pdf

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 Development Team of the Module
Writers: DR. RENE H. HERMIDA
Editors:
Content Evaluator: JOCELYN P. TABIA, MPES
Language Evaluator: BERNADETTE S. BALAIS
Reviewers:

Illustrator: DR. RENE H. HERMIDA

Layout Artist: ERICSON S. CADDAUAN / CAMILLE JEWEL L. GARCIA
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA, CID Chief
MR. SHOJI G. GERONA, EPS - MAPEH
DR DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS – LRMS/ALS

For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph

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