Cisco 640-864

Designing for Cisco Internetwork Solutions Exam

(DESGN) v2.1
Version: 26.0
 Cisco 640-864 Exam
QUESTION NO: 1

According to Cisco, which four improvements are the main benefits of the PPDIOO lifecycle
approach to network design? (Choose four.)

A. Faster ROI
B. Improved business agility
C. Increased network availability
D. Faster access to applications and services
E. Lower total cost of network ownership
F. Better implementation team engagement

Answer: B,C,D,E
Explanation:

The PPDIOO life cycle provides four main benefits:

+ It improves business agility by establishing business requirements and technology strategies.

+ It increases network availability by producing a sound network design and validating the network
operation.
+ It speeds access to applications and services by improving availability, reliability, security,
scalability, and performance.
+ It lowers the total cost of ownership by validating technology requirements and planning for
infrastructure changes and resource requirements.
(Reference: Cisco CCDA Official Exam Certification Guide, 3rd Edition) described in the link
below.

Link:http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=1608131&seqNum=3

QUESTION NO: 2

Characterizing an existing network requires gathering as much information about the network as
possible.Which of these choices describes the preferred order for the information-gathering
process?

A. Site and network audits, traffic analysis, existing documentation and organizational input
B. Existing documentation and organizational input, site and network audits, traffic analysis
C. Traffic analysis, existing documentation and organizational input, site and network audits
D. Site and network audits, existing documentation and organizational input, traffic analysis

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
Answer: B
Explanation:

This section describes the steps necessary to characterize the existing network infrastructure and
all sites. This process requires three steps:

Step 1. Gather existing documentation about the network, and query the organization to discover
additional information. Organization input, a network audit, and traffic analysis provide the key
information you need. (Note that existing documentation may be inaccurate.)
Step 2. Perform a network audit that adds detail to the description of the network. If
possible, use traffic-analysis information to augment organizational input when you are describing
the applications and protocols used in the network.
Step 3. Based on your network characterization, write a summary report that describes the health
of the network. With this information, you can propose hardware and software upgrades to support
the network requirements and the organizational requirements.

QUESTION NO: 3

You want to gather as much detail as possible during a network audit with a minimal impact on the
network devices themselves.

Which tool would you use to include data time stamping across a large number of interfaces while
being customized according to each interface?

A. RMON
B. SNMPv3
C. NetFlow
D. Cisco Discovery Protocol

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 4

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
Which three are considered as technical constraints when identifying network requirements?
(Choose three.)

A. Support for legacy applications

B. Bandwidth support for new applications
C. Limited budget allocation
D. Policy limitations
E. Limited support staff to complete assessment
F. Support for existing legacy equipment
G. Limited timeframe to implement

Answer: A,B,F
Explanation:

Network design might be constrained by parameters that limit the solution. Legacy applications
might still exist that must be supported going forward, and these applications might require a
legacy protocol that may limit a design. Technical constraints include the following:

Existing wiring does not support new technology.

Bandwidth might not support new applications.
The network must support exiting legacy equipment.
Legacy applications must be supported (application compatibility).

QUESTION NO: 5

In which phase of PPDIOO are the network requirements identified?

A. Design
B. Plan
C. Prepare
D. Implement
E. Operate
F. Optimize

Answer: B
Explanation:

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Plan Phase
The Plan phase identifies the network requirements based on goals, facilities, and user needs.
This phase characterizes sites and assesses the network, performs a gap analysis against best-
practice architectures, and looks at the operational environment. A project plan is developed to
manage the tasks, responsible parties, milestones, and resources to do the design and
implementation. The project plan aligns with the scope, cost, and resource parameters established
with the original business requirements. This project plan is followed (and updated) during all
phases of the cycle.

QUESTION NO: 6

Which is part of the Prepare phase of PPDIOO?

A. Obtain site contact information

B. Perform network audit
C. Identify customer requirements
D. Perform gap analysis

Answer: C
Explanation:

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Prepare Phase
The Prepare phase establishes organization and business requirements, develops a network
strategy, and proposes a high-level conceptual architecture to support the strategy. Technologies
that support the architecture are identified. This phase creates a business case to establish a
financial justification for a network strategy.

QUESTION NO: 7

During which phase of the PPDIOO model would you conduct interviews with supporting staff to
develop and propose a viable solution?

A. Prepare
B. Plan
C. Design
D. Implement
E. Operate
F. Optimize

Answer: A
Explanation:

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Prepare Phase
The Prepare phase establishes organization and business requirements, develops a network
strategy, and proposes a high-level conceptual architecture to support the strategy. Technologies
that support the architecture are identified. This phase creates a business case to establish a
financial justification for a network strategy.

QUESTION NO: 8

Refer to the exhibit.

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Which statement accurately represents the characteristics of the core layer in this design?

A. QoS should only be performed only in the core.

B. Load balancing should never be implemented or used.
C. Access lists should be used in the core to perform packet manipulation.
D. Partial mesh should be used as long as it is connected to each device by multiple paths.
E. Policy-based traffic control should be implemented to enable prioritization and ensure the best
performance for all time-critical applications.

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 9

What are the three primary functions of the distribution layer of the campus network design
hierarchy? (Choose three.)

A. provide end-user connectivity

B. provide high speed transport
C. provide QoS services
D. enforce security policies
E. provide WAN connections
F. connect access devices to the core backbone

Answer: C,D,F
Explanation:
C, D, F are properties of distribution layer.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/campover.html#wp708979

QUESTION NO: 10

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Which of the following is a component within the Cisco Enterprise Campus module?

A. Teleworker
B. E-Commerce
C. Internet Connectivity
D. Building Distribution
E. WAN/MAN Site-to-Site VPN

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 11

Which two of the following are benefits of using a modular approach to network design?(Choose
two.)

A. improves flexibility
B. facilitates implementation
C. lowers implementation costs
D. improves customer participation in the design process

Answer: A,B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 12

Which three solutions are part of the Borderless Network Services? (Choose three.)

A. Wireless
B. Routing
C. TrustSec
D. MediaNet
E. Switching
F. EnergyWise
G. Next-Gen WAN

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Answer: C,D,F
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 13

Which three modular components are part of the Cisco Enterprise Edge Architecture? (Choose
three.)

A. e-commerce module
B. Internet connectivity module
C. server farm module
D. remote access and VPN module
E. PSTN services module
F. enterprise branch module
G. building distribution module

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Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 14

Where in the Cisco Enterprise Architecture model does network management reside?

A. Enterprise data center module

B. Enterprise campus module
C. Enterprise edge module
D. Service Provider edge module
E. Service Provider data center module

Answer: B
Explanation:

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The network management servers reside in the campus infrastructure but have tie-ins to all the
components in the enterprise network for monitoring and management.

QUESTION NO: 15

Which two statements about designing the Data Center Access layer are correct? (Choose two.)

A. Multiport NIC servers should each have their own IP address.

B. Layer 3 connectivity should never be used in the access layer.
C. Layer 2 connectivity is primarily implemented in the access layer.
D. Multiport NIC servers should never be used in the access layer.
E. Layer 2 clustering implementation requires servers to be Layer 2 adjacent.

Answer: C,E
Explanation:

User access is primarily layer 2 in nature, layer 2 clustering is possible only in layer 2
Here is the Explanation: from the Cisco press CCDA certification guide
Figure 4-8. Enterprise Data Center Infrastructure Overview

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Defining the DC Access Layer

The data center access layer’s main purpose is to provide Layer 2 and Layer 3 physical port
density for various servers in the data center. In addition, data center access layer switches
provide high-performance, low-latency switching and can support a mix of oversubscription
requirements. Both Layer 2 and Layer 3 access (also called routed access) designs are available,
but most data center access layers are built using Layer 2 connectivity. The Layer 2 access design
uses VLAN trunks upstream, which allows data center aggregation services to be shared across
the same VLAN and across multiple switches. Other advantages of Layer 2 access are support for
NIC teaming and server clustering that requires network connections to be Layer 2 adjacent or on
the same VLAN with one another.

CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 4

QUESTION NO: 16

Refer to the exhibit.

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam

Which two statements correctly identify the layers of the Enterprise Campus module? (Choose
two.)

A. A is the Data Center Module and C is the Campus Core layer.

B. A is the Data Center Module and D is the Building Access layer.
C. B is the Campus Core layer and C is the Building Distribution layer.
D. B is the Building Distribution layer and C is the Campus Core layer.
E. A is the Internet Connectivity layer and B is the Campus Core layer.
F. B is the Building Distribution layer and D is the Building Access layer.

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Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Module characteristics show to which category the blocks belong to.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/campover.html#wp708780

QUESTION NO: 17

What is the primary consideration when choosing a routed network design over a traditional
campus network design?

A. Layer 3 service support at the network edge

B. the routing protocol choicE.open (OSPF) or proprietary (EIGRP)
C. the routing abilities of the host devices
D. the need to control the broadcast domains within the campus core

Answer: A
Explanation:
Layer 3 ability at network edge should be available to leverage the benefits of routed network
design.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/campover.html

QUESTION NO: 18

The evolution of the Data Center is best represented by the 3.0 architecture component of
virtualization.Which of the following is not an example of the virtualization taking place in the Data
Center?

A. Virtualized media access utilizing Fibre Channel over Ethernet

B. VLANs and virtual storage area networks (VSANs) provide for virtualized LAN and SAN
connectivity, separating physical networks and equipment into virtual entities
C. Virtual Machines that run an application within the client operating system, which is further
virtualized and running on common hardware
D. Storage devices virtualized into storage pools, and network devices are virtualized using device
contexts

Answer: A

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Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 19

When selecting which hardware switches to use throughout an enterprise campus switched
network, which consideration is not relevant?

A. whether data link layer switching based upon the MAC address is required
B. the number of shared media segments
C. which infrastructure service capabilities are required
D. whether to support Layer 3 services at the network edge

Answer: B
Explanation:
Shared media are not used in modern networks; all links are operating full-duplex
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/campover.html

QUESTION NO: 20

Which two of these practices are considered to be best practices when designing the access layer
for the enterprise campus?(Choose two.)

A. Implement all of the services (QoS, security, STP, and so on) in the access layer, offloading the
work from the distribution and core layers.
B. Always use a Spanning Tree Protocol; preferred is Rapid PVST+.
C. Use automatic VLAN pruning to prune unused VLANs from trunked interfaces to avoid
broadcast propagation.
D. Avoid wasted processing by disabling STP where loops are not possible.
E. Use VTP transparent mode to decrease the potential for operational error.

Answer: B,E
Explanation:

When designing the building access layer, you must consider the number of users or ports
required to size up the LAN switch. Connectivity speed for each host should also be considered.

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
Hosts might be connected using various technologies such as Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, or
port channels. The planned VLANs enter into the design.

Performance in the access layer is also important. Redundancy and QoS features should be
considered.
The following are recommended best practices for the building access layer:

• Limit VLANs to a single closet when possible to provide the most deterministic and highly
available topology.
• Use Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (RPVST+) if STP is required. It provides the faster
convergence than traditional 802.1d default timers.
• Set trunks to ON and ON with no-negotiate.
• Manually prune unused VLANs to avoid broadcast propagation (commonly done on the
distribution switch).
• Use VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) Transparent mode, because there is little need for a
common VLAN database in hierarchical networks.
• Disable trunking on host ports, because it is not necessary. Doing so provides more security and
speeds up PortFast.
• Consider implementing routing in the access layer to provide fast convergence and Layer 3 load
balancing.
• Use the switchport host commands on server and end-user ports to enable PortFast and disable
channeling on these ports.
• Use Cisco STP Toolkit, which provides
• PortFast: Bypass listening-learning phase for access ports
• Loop Guard: Prevents alternate or root port from becoming designated in absence of bridge
protocol data units (BPDU)
• Root Guard: Prevents external switches from becoming root
• BPDU Guard: Disables PortFast-enabled port if a BPDU is received
Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 3, Page 85

QUESTION NO: 21

The enterprise campus core layer has requirements that are unique from the distribution and
access layers.Which of the following is true about the core layer?

A. The core layer provides convergence using Layer 2 and Layer 3 services and features.
B. The core layer provides high availability to support the distribution layer connections to the
enterprise edge.

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C. The campus core layer is optional.
D. The core layer requires high performance to manage the traffic policing across the backbone.

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 22

When there is a need for immunity to EMI for connecting locations that are greater than 100
meters apart, which two solutions can be utilized? (Choose two.)

A. multimode fiber
B. Fibre Channel
C. HVDC transmission lines
D. single-mode fiber
E. serial RS-232
F. Gigabit Ethernet 1000BASE-CX

Answer: A,D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 23

Which of these statements is true concerning the data center access layer design?

A. The access layer in the data center is typically built at Layer 3, which allows for better sharing
of services across multiple servers.
B. With Layer 2 access, the default gateway for the servers can be configured at the access or
aggregation layer.
C. A dual-homing NIC requires a VLAN or trunk between the two access switches to support the
dual IP addresses on the two server links to two separate switches.
D. The access layer is normally not required, as dual homing is standard from the servers to the
aggregation layer.

Answer: B
Explanation:

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With Layer 2 / 3, capabilities in-built access layer switches can have data & voice VLANs with
interfaces; this is helpful in improving routing convergence.
Link:
http://www.cisco.com/application/pdf/en/us/guest/netsol/ns432/c649/ccmigration_09186a00805fcc
bf.pdf

QUESTION NO: 24

Which layer of the OSI model does Cisco recommend to place the enterprise network core layer,
when designing a network based on its switched hierarchical design?

A. Layer 1
B. Layer 2
C. Layer 3
D. Layer 4

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 25

Which one of these statements is true concerning the data center distribution (aggregation) layer
design?

A. With Layer 3 at the aggregation layer, the physical loops in the topology must still be managed
by STP.
B. The boundary between Layer 2 and Layer 3 must reside in the multilayer switches, independent
of any other devices such as firewalls or content switching devices.
C. A mix of both Layer 2 and Layer 3 access is sometimes the most optimal.
D. In a small data center, the aggregation layer can connect directly to the campus core,
exchanging IP routes and MAC address tables.

Answer: C
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 26

Which factor would be most influential in choosing multimode fiber optic connections over UTP?

A. signal attenuation
B. required bandwidth
C. required distance
D. electromagnetic interference
E. cost

Answer: C
Explanation:

Cabling has several key characteristics, such as the physical connector, media type, and cable
length. Copper and fiber-optic cables are commonly used today. Fiber-optic cabling allows for
longer distances and is less prone to interference than copper cabling. The two main types of
optical fiber are single-mode and multi-mode. Copper cabling is widely available, costs less, and
generally covers shorter distances (up to 100 meters, about 328 feet). Typical copper cabling
found in the data center is CAT 5e/CAT 6 with RJ-45 connectors.

QUESTION NO: 27

Which three are associated with the distribution layer within the campus design? (Choose three.)

A. access layer aggregation

B. route summarization
C. network trust boundary
D. next-hop redundancy
E. layer 2 switching
F. port security
G. broadcast suppression

Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
Distribution Layer Best Practices
As shown in Figure 3-6, the distribution layer aggregates all closet switches and connects to the
core layer. Design considerations for the distribution layer include providing wirespeed
performance on all ports, link redundancy, and infrastructure services.
The distribution layer should not be limited on performance. Links to the core must be able to
support the bandwidth used by the aggregate access layer switches. Redundant links from the
access switches to the distribution layer and from the distribution layer to the core layer allow for
high availability in the event of a link failure. Infrastructure services include quality of service (QoS)
configuration, security, and policy enforcement. Access lists are configured in the distribution
layer.

The following are recommended best practices at the distribution layer:

Use first-hop redundancy protocols. Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) or Gateway
Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) should be used if you implement Layer 2 links between the Layer
2 access switches and the distribution layer.
Use Layer 3 routing protocols between the distribution and core switches to allow for fast
convergence and load balancing.
Only peer on links that you intend to use as transit.

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QUESTION NO: 28

Refer to the exhibit.

Which statement is true concerning enterprise edge distribution switches?

A. The speed of switching is the most critical feature.

B. Security requirements are offloaded to the other modules for performance reasons.
C. Edge distribution switches are only required when using a collapsed core backbone.
D. Enterprise edge distribution switches are similar to the building distribution layer.

Answer: D
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 29

OSPF will be used as the IGP within a campus network. Which two things should you consider
before deployment? (Choose two.)

A. All areas need to connect back to area 0.

B. The OSPF process number on each router should match.
C. NSSA areas should be used when an area cannot connect directly to area 0.
D. Stub areas should be connected together using virtual links.
E. ECMP may cause undesired results depending on the environment.

Answer: A,E
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 30

High availability is a key design consideration in the enterprise campus network. In a fully
redundant topology, which is likely to provide faster IGP convergence during a failure?

A. redundant supervisors
B. redundant supervisors with Cisco Nonstop Forwarding (NSF) and Stateful Switchover (SSO)
C. single supervisors with tuned IGP timers
D. single supervisors

Answer: C
Explanation:

In a fully redundant topology with tuned IGP timers, adding redundant supervisors with Cisco
nonstop forwarding (NSF) and stateful switchover (SSO) may cause longer convergence times
than single supervisors with tuned IGP timers. NSF attempts to maintain the flow of traffic through
a router that has experienced a failure. NSF with SSO is designed to maintain a link-up Layer 3 up
state during a routing convergence event. However, because an interaction occurs between the
IGP timers and the NSF timers, the tuned IGP timers can cause NSF-aware neighbors to reset the
neighbor relationships.

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QUESTION NO: 31

Which Cisco technology using Nexus NX-OS infrastructure allows the network architect to create
up to four separate control and data plane instances of the Nexus chassis?

A. virtual port-channel
B. virtual routing and forwarding
C. virtual switching system
D. virtual device context

Answer: D
Explanation:

Virtualization
Virtual local-area network (VLAN), virtual storage-area network (VSAN), and virtual device
contexts (VDC) help to segment the LAN, SAN, and network devices instances.
Cisco Nexus 1000V virtual switch for VMware ESX and ESXi help to deliver visibility and policy
control for virtual machines (VM).
Flexible networking options with support for all server form factors and vendors, including support
for blade servers from Cisco, Dell, IBM, and HP with integrated Ethernet and Fibre Channel
switches.

QUESTION NO: 32

An enterprise campus module is typically made up of four submodules, as described by the Cisco
Enterprise Architecture Model. Which two submodulesare part of this module?

A. DMZ
B. enterprise branch
C. building distribution
D. server farm/data center
E. MAN

Answer: C,D
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 33

Which three options are valid Cisco STP tools used to ensure best-practice access layer design
for the enterprise campus? (Choose three.)

A. Portfast
B. UDLD
C. Root Guard
D. BPDU Guard
E. Flex Links
F. SPAN
G. EtherChannel

Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:

Access layer Limit VLANs to a single closet when possible to provide the most deterministic and
highly available topology.
Use RPVST+ if STP is required. It provides the best convergence.
Set trunks to ON and ON with no-negotiate
Manually prune unused VLANs to avoid broadcast propagation.
Use VTP Transparent mode, because there is little need for a common VLAN database in
hierarchical networks.
Disable trunking on host ports, because it is not necessary. Doing so provides more security and
speeds up PortFast.
Consider implementing routing in the access layer to provide fast convergence and Layer 3 load
balancing.
Use Cisco STP Toolkit, which provides PortFast, Loop Guard, Root Guard, and BPDU Guard.

QUESTION NO: 34

Which is a factor in enterprise campus design decisions?

A. network application characteristics

B. routing protocol characteristics
C. switching latency characteristics
D. packet filtering characteristics

Answer: A

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Explanation:

Campus LAN Design and Best Practices

LANs can be classified as large-building LANs, campus LANs, or small and remote LANs.
The large-building LAN typically contains a major data center with high-speed access and floor
communications closets; the large-building LAN is usually the headquarters in larger companies.
Campus LANs provide connectivity between buildings on a campus.
Redundancy is usually a requirement in large-building and campus LAN deployments.
Small and remote LANs provide connectivity to remote offices with a relatively small number of
nodes. Campus design factors include the following categories:

Network application characteristics: Different application types

Infrastructure device characteristics: Layer 2 and Layer 3 switching, hierarchy
Environmental characteristics: Geography, wiring, distance, space, power, number of nodes

Applications are defined by the business, and the network must be able to support them.
Applications may require high bandwidth or be time sensitive. The infrastructure devices influence
the design. Decisions on switched or routed architectures and port limitations influence the design.
The actual physical distances affect the design. The selection of copper or fiber media may be
influenced by the environmental or distance requirements. The following sections show some
sample LAN types. Table 3-8 summarizes the different application types.

QUESTION NO: 35

Spanning Layer 2 across geographically separate data centers is a key consideration for current
data center designs. Which is the name of the NX-OS technology that facilitates MAC in IP
transport for Layer 2 VLANs across any IP network?

A. Overlay Transport Virtualization

B. Virtual Private LAN Services
C. Generic Routing Encapsulation
D. QinQ tunneling

Answer: A
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 36

Which network virtualization technology involves creating virtual routers with its own individual
routing tables on a physical router?

A. VSS
B. vPC
C. VRF
D. VLAN

Answer: C
Explanation:

VRF Virtual routing and forwarding. A routing virtualization technology that creates multiple logical
Layer 3 routing and forwarding instances (route tables) that can function on the same physical
router.

QUESTION NO: 37

In the enterprise data center, which are the three main components? (Choose three.)

A. Network Infrastructure
B. Interactive services
C. Data Center Management
D. Internet services
E. WAN services
F. VPN and remote access

Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:

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Network infrastructure: Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, InfiniBand, optical transport and storage
switching
Interactive services: Computer infrastructure services, storage services, security, application
optimization
DC management: Cisco Fabric Manager and Cisco VFrame for server and service management

QUESTION NO: 38

Which one of these statements describes why, from a design perspective, a managed VPN
approach for enterprise teleworkers is most effective?

A. A managed VPN solution uses a cost-effective, on-demand VPN tunnel back to the enterprise.
B. This solution supports all teleworkers who do not require voice or video.
C. This architecture provides centralized management where the enterprise can apply security
policies and push configurations.
D. It provides complete flexibility for remote access through a wireless hotspot or a guest network
at a hotel, in addition to a home office.

Answer: C
Explanation:

Here is the answer from the Cisco Certification guide.

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Enterprise Teleworker Design

Enterprise teleworkers need to be differentiated from the occasional remote worker. The full-time
enterprise teleworker has more extensive application access and requirements than the
occasional remote worker. Occasionally, remote users connect to the corporate network at a
hotspot, but generally they do not have the same application demands of an enterprise teleworker.
Generally, enterprise teleworkers connect to a local ISP through a cable or DSL connection in their
residence.’

The Cisco Virtual Office Solution for the Enterprise Teleworker is implemented using the Cisco
800 series ISRs. Each ISR has integrated switch ports that then connect to the user’s broadband
connection. The solution uses a permanent always-on IPsec VPN tunnel back to the corporate
network. This architecture provides for centralized IT security management, corporate-pushed
security policies, and integrated identity services. In addition, this solution supports the enterprise
teleworker needs through advanced applications such as voice and video. For example, the
enterprise teleworker can take advantage of toll bypass, voicemail, and advanced IP phone
features not available in the PSTN.

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 7

QUESTION NO: 39

When designing using the Cisco Enterprise Architecture, in which Enterprise Campus layer does
the Remote Access and VPN module establish its connection?

A. Building Access
B. Campus Core
C. Enterprise Branch
D. Enterprise Data Center

Answer: B
Explanation:
All the modules must end up in the core for optimized routing & switching across the network
modules.
Link:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/Borderless_Campus_Network_1.0
/BN_Campus_Technologies.html

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QUESTION NO: 40

What are three key areas that need to be considered when designing a remote data center?
(Choose three.)

A. power diversity
B. active directory services
C. Cisco IOS versions
D. data storage
E. applications
F. user access
G. packet routing

Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 41

If a teleworker is required to access the branch office via a secure IPSEC VPN connection, which
technology is recommended to provide the underlying transport?

A. ISDN
B. Metro Ethernet
C. Frame Relay
D. ADSL
E. ATM

Answer: D
Explanation:

Enterprise Teleworker Design

Al the remote edges of the network is another branch office known as enterprise teleworkers.
Cisco developed a solution called Cisco Virtual Office Solution, which was designed with the
enterprise teleworker in mind. As organizations continually try to reduce costs and improve
employee productivity, working from home is becoming an increasingly popular option for
businesses and organizations. This approach allows employees to manage their work schedules

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
more effectively and increase their productivity. This also results in greater job satisfaction and
flexibility in the work schedules. The work-from-homo teleworker is an extension of the enterprise
and serves as the basis for the enterprise teleworker solution.

Hnterprisc teleworkers need to be differentiated from the occasional remote worker. The full-time
enterprise teleworker has more extensive application access and requirements than the
occasional remote worker. Occasionally, remote users connect to the corporate network at a
hotspot, but generally they do not have the same application demands of an enterprise teleworker.
Generally, enterprise teleworkers connect to a local ISP through a cable or DSL connection in their
residence.

The ClSGO Virtual Office Solution for the Hnterprisc Teleworker is implemented using the Cisco
800 series ISRs. Each ISR has integrated switch ports that then connect to the user's broadband
connection. The solution uses a permanent always-on IPsec VPN tunnel back to the corporate
network. This architecture provides for centralized IT security management, corporate-pushed
security policies, and integrated identity services. In addition, this solution supports the enterprise
teleworker needs through advanced applications such as voice and video. For example, the
enterprise teleworker can take advantage of toll bypass, voicemail, and advanced IP phone
features not available in the PSTN.

QUESTION NO: 42

Which three describe challenges that are faced when deploying an environment for teleworkers?
(Choose three.)

A. supporting a mix of technically knowledgeable and nontechnical users

B. simplifying router installation and configuration
C. verifying available power at employee's house for necessary equipment
D. avoiding situations where employees might use nonstandard hardware or configurations
E. reducing daily commuting time to main office location
F. providing access to FTP servers located in main office location
G. implementing leased line connectivity between main office and employee's home location

Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 43

Which model of ISR is utilized for the teleworker design profile?

A. Cisco 1900 Series

B. Cisco 1800 Series
C. Cisco 800 Series
D. Cisco 500 Series

Answer: C
Explanation:

The Cisco Virtual Office Solution for the Enterprise Teleworker is implemented using the Cisco
800 series ISRs. Each ISR has integrated switch ports that then connect to the user’s broadband
connection. The solution uses a permanent always-on IPsec VPN tunnel back to the corporate
network. This architecture provides for centralized IT security management, corporate-pushed
security policies, and integrated identity services. In addition, this solution supports the enterprise
teleworker needs through advanced applications such as voice and video. For example, the
enterprise teleworker can take advantage of toll bypass, voicemail, and advanced IP phone
features not available in the PSTN.

QUESTION NO: 44

You need to connect to a remote branch office via an Internet connection. The remote office does
not use Cisco equipment. This connection must be secure and must support OSPF.

Which of the following can be used to transport data to the branch office?

A. GRE over IPsec

B. IPsec
C. GRE
D. IPsec VTI

Answer: A
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 45

When designing a WAN backup for voice and video applications, what three types of connections
should be used? (Choose three.)

A. Private WAN
B. internet
C. ISDN
D. MPLS
E. dial-up
F. ATM
G. DSL

Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:

Critical thing here is voice/video backup for which we need at least 768 KB/s (CCDP)

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QUESTION NO: 46

Which two are characteristics of a Lightweight Access Point? (Choose two.)

A. managed via a central wireless LAN controller

B. code upgrade performed via a TFTP server
C. CAPWAP tunnels
D. managed directly via CLI or web interface
E. facilitates the creation of its own WLANs and port mappings

Answer: A,C
Explanation:

Cisco Unified Wireless Network (UWN) architecture, Control and Provisioning for Wireless Access
Point (CAPWAP), WLAN controller components, roaming, and mobility groups. Cisco UWN
components provide scalable WLAN solutions using WLAN controllers to manage LWAPs. The
CCDA must understand how these components work with each other, how they scale, and how
roaming and mobility groups work.

QUESTION NO: 47

Which two link state routing protocols support IPv6 routing?(Choose two.)

A. BGP4+
B. OSPF
C. RIPng
D. EIGRP
E. IS-IS

Answer: B,E
Explanation:
only OSPF & IS-IS are LSPs which support IPv6.
Link:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/products/ps10591/products_installation_and_configuration_g
uides_list.html

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QUESTION NO: 48

Which two statements best describe an OSPF deployment?(Choose two.)

A. ABR provides automatic classful network boundary summarization.

B. ABR requires manual configuration for classful network summarization.
C. External routes are propagated into the autonomous system from stub areas via ASBR.
D. External routes are propagated into the autonomous system from regular areas or NSSA via
ASBR.
E. External routes are propagated into the autonomous system from regular areas or NSSA via
ABR.

Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Refer to the link below, the protocol is designed to function that way.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies_white_paper09186a0080094e9e.shtml

QUESTION NO: 49

Which one of these statements should the designer keep in mind when considering the advanced
routing features?

A. One-way route redistribution avoids the requirement for static or default routes.
B. Redistribution, summarization, and filtering are most often applied between the campus core
and enterprise edge.
C. Filtering only occurs on the routing domain boundary using redistribution.
D. Summarize routes at the core toward the distribution layer.
E. The hierarchical flexibility of IPv6 addressing avoids the requirement for routing traffic reduction
using aggregation.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Routing Protocols on the Hierarchical Network Infrastructure

The selected routing protocol should be used based on the network design goals and the network
module being used. As shown in Figure 11-23, high-speed routing is recommended for the
network core and distribution layers. These routing protocols react fast to network changes. It is a

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best practice that the same routing protocol be used in the three layers (core, distribution, access)
of the enterprise network.

The enterprise edge connects the campus network with external connectivity including WAN,
Internet, VPN. remote-access modules. Routing protocols in the enterprise edge may be EIGRP,
OSPF, BGP, and static routes. Specifically in the Internet module you will find BGP/static routes.

Table 11-9 shows a summary of the recommended routing protocols in the network infrastructure.

QUESTION NO: 50

Which two routing protocols operate over NBMA point-to-multipoint networks without the use of
point-to-point subinterfaces? (Choose two.)

A. OSPF
B. EIGRP
C. RIPv2
D. RIPv1
E. IGRP
F. IS-IS

Answer: A,B
Explanation:

OSPF over NBMA

For OSPF to run over NBMA you are required to implement the neighbor IP Address but not

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subinterfaces

Configure an Interface as Point-to-Multipoint, Nonbroadcast (Non-Broadcast Multi-access NBMA)

To treat the interface as point-to-multipoint when the media does not support broadcast, perform
the following task in interface configuration mode.

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/11_3/feature/guide/ospfpmp.html#wp1960

EIGRP over NBMA

NBMA Interfaces (Frame Relay, X.25, ATM)

It is particularly critical to configure nonbroadcast multi-access (NBMA) interfaces correctly,
because otherwise many EIGRP packets may be lost in the switched network. There are three
basic rules:
There are three different scenarios for NBMA interfaces.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies_tech_note09186a0080094063.shtml#nbma
Configuration Commands
no ip split-horizon eigrp
no ip next-hop-self eigrp

RIP over NBMA

Exchange of Routing Information

RIP is normally a broadcast protocol, and in order for RIP routing updates to reach nonbroadcast
networks, you must configure the Cisco IOS software to permit this exchange of routing
information.

To control the set of interfaces with which you want to exchange routing updates, you can disable

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the sending of routing updates on specified interfaces by configuring the passive-interface router
configuration command. See the discussion on filtering in the "Filter Routing Information" section
in the "Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features" module.

An offset list is the mechanism for increasing incoming and outgoing metrics to routes learned via
RIP. Optionally, you can limit the offset list with either an access list or an interface. To increase
the value of routing metrics, use the following command in router configuration mode:

Routing protocols use several timers that determine such variables as the frequency of routing
updates, the length of time before a route becomes invalid, and other parameters. You can adjust
these timers to tune routing protocol performance to better suit your internetwork needs. You can
make the following timer adjustments:

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/iproute_rip/configuration/guide/irr_cfg_rip_ps6441_TSD_Pro
ducts_Configuration_Guide_Chapter.html#wp1061185

IS-IS over NBMA

IS-IS can work over an NBMA multipoint network only if the network is configured with a full mesh.
Anything less than a full mesh could cause serious connectivity and routing issues. However, even
if a full mesh is configured, this is no guarantee that a full mesh will exist at all times. A failure in
the underlying switched WAN network or a misconfiguration on one or more routers could break
the full mesh either temporarily or permanently. Therefore, you should avoid NBMA multipoint
configurations for IS-IS networks. Use point-to-point subinterfaces instead.
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=31319&seqNum=5

QUESTION NO: 51

When designing an EIGRP network, which two things should you take into consideration?
(Choose two.)

A. ASN and K values must match.

B. The neighbor command can be used to enable unicast communication.
C. The neighbor diameter cannot exceed a 15-hops limit.
D. NSSA areas can be used to redistribute external routes.
E. Neighbor relationship can be established with non-Cisco routers.

Answer: A,B

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Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 52

Refer to the exhibit.

Which three modules would typically utilize public IPv4 addressing?(Choose three.)

A. Access
B. Distribution
C. Core
D. Data Center
E. E-Commerce
F. Internet Connectivity
G. Remote Access/VPN
H. WAN/MAN
I. Branch
J. Branch Data Center

Answer: E,F,G
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 53

Which is the North American RIR for IPv4 addresses?

A. RIPE
B. ARIN
C. IANA
D. IEEE
E. APNIC

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 54

With respect to IPv6 addressing, from a design perspective, which of these statements is it
important to keep in mind?

A. IPv6 addressing provides convenience of anycast addressing without any configuration

requirements.
B. IPv6 does not use multicast addressing.
C. An IPv6 router will not forward packets from one link to other links if the packet has either a link-
local source or a link-local destination address.
D. Dynamic address assignment requires DHCPv6.

Answer: C
Explanation:
Link local addresses are local to the LAN only, they are not communicated across LAN
boundaries.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/CampIPv6.html

QUESTION NO: 55

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What is the most compact representation of the following IPv6 address?

2001:db8:0000:0000:cafe:0000:0000:1234

A. 2001:db8::cafe::1234
B. 2001:db8::cafe:0000:0000:1234
C. 2001:db8:0:0:cafe::1234
D. 2001:db8::cafe:0:1234

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 56

Which consideration is the most important for the network designer when considering IP routing?

A. convergence
B. scalability
C. on-demand routing
D. redistribution

Answer: A
Explanation:
Convergence is most important because with delayed convergence outage recovery will be
delayed as well.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/routed-ex.html#wp998414

QUESTION NO: 57

Which subnet address and mask would you use for all Class D multicast addresses to be matched
within an access list?

A. 224.0.0.0/20
B. 224.0.0.0/4
C. 239.0.0.0/24
D. 239.0.0.0/8

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E. 225.0.0.0/8

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 58

Which three items pertain to EIGRP? (Choose three.)

A. Can use multiple unequal paths.

B. Routes are redistributed as type 2 by default.
C. ASN and K values must match to form neighbors.
D. Uses multicast address 224.0.0.9 for updates.
E. Exchanges full routing table every 30 seconds.
F. Summary routes have AD of 90.
G. External routes have AD of 170.

Answer: A,C,G
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 59

Which type of area should you use in an enterprise OSPF deployment if you want to prevent
propagation of type 5 LSAs but still allow the redistribution of external routes?

A. stub
B. totally stubby
C. backbone
D. NSSA
E. virtual link

Answer: D
Explanation:

NSSAs
Notice that Area 2 in Figure 11-5 has an ASBR. If this area is configured as an NSSA, it generates

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the external LSAs (Type 7) into the OSPF system while retaining the characteristics of a stub area
to the rest of the autonomous system. There are two options for the ABR. First, the ABR for Area 2
can translate the NSSA external LSAs (Type 7) to autonomous system external LSAs (Type 5)
and Hood the rest of the internetwork. Second, the ABR is not configured to convert the NSSA
external LSAs to Type 5 external LSAs, and therefore the NSSA external LSAs remain within the
NSSA.
There is also an NSSA totally stub area. The difference is that the default NSSA has no default
route unless the ABR is explicitly configured to advertise one. The NSSA totally stub area docs
receive a default route.

QUESTION NO: 60

Your supervisor has asked you to deploy a routing protocol within the lab environment that will
allow for unequal cost multipath routing. Which should you choose?

A. EIGRP
B. OSPF
C. IS-IS
D. RIP

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 61

A hierarchical design of the EIGRP domain facilitates which two of the following? (Choose two.)

A. route summarization
B. faster convergence
C. unequal cost load balancing
D. redistribution
E. virtual links

Answer: A,B
Explanation:

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Hierarchical Versus Flat Routing Protocols

Some routing protocols require a network topology that must have a backbone network defined.
This network contains some, or all, of the routers in the internetwork. When the internetwork is
defined hierarchically, the backbone consists of only some devices. Backbone routers service and
coordinate the routes and traffic to or from routers not in the local internetwork. The supported
hierarchy is relatively shallow. Two levels of hierarchy are generally sufficient to provide scalability.
Selected routers forward routes into the backbone.

OSPF and IS-IS are hierarchical routing protocols. By default, EIGRP is a flat routing protocol, but
it can be configured with manual summarization to support hierarchical designs.
Flat routing protocols do not allow a hierarchical network organization. They propagate all routing
information throughout the network without dividing or summarizing large networks into smaller
areas. Carefully designing network addressing to naturally support aggregation within routing-
protocol advertisements can provide many of the benefits offered by hierarchical routing protocols.
Every router is a peer of every other router in flat routing protocols; no router has a special role in
the internetwork. EIGRP, RIPv1, and RIPv2 are flat routing protocols.

QUESTION NO: 62

Which two methods are used to reduce the mesh links required between iBGP peers in the same
AS? (Choose two.)

A. community
B. router reflectors
C. local preference
D. confederations
E. atomic aggregate
F. MED

Answer: B,D
Explanation:

Route Reflectors
iBGP requires that all routers be configured to establish a logical connection with all other iBGP
routers. The logical connection is a TCP link between all iBGP-speaking routers. The routers in
each TCP link become BGP peers. In large networks, the number of iBGPmeshed peers can
become very large. Network administrators can use route reflectors to reduce the number of

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required mesh links between iBGP peers. Some routers are selected to become the route
reflectors to serve several other routers that act as route-reflector clients. Route reflectors allow a
router to advertise or reflect routes to clients. The route reflector and its clients form a cluster. All
client routers in the cluster peer with the route reflectors within the cluster. The route reflectors
also peer with all other route reflectors in the internetwork. A cluster can have more than one route
reflector.

Confederations
Another method to reduce the iBGP mesh within an autonomous system is BGP confederations.
With confederations, the autonomous system is divided into smaller, sub autonomous systems,
and the whole group is assigned a confederation ID. The sub-ASNs or identifiers are not
advertised to the Internet but are contained within the iBGP networks.
The routers within each private autonomous system are configured with the full iBGP mesh. Each
sub-autonomous system is configured with eBGP to communicate with other sub-autonomous
systems in the confederation. External autonomous systems see only the ASN of the
confederation, and this number is configured with the BGP confederation identifier.

QUESTION NO: 63

Which is usually used to connect to an upstream ISP?

A. EIGRP
B. OSPF
C. BGP
D. IS-IS
E. RIPv2

Answer: C
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 64

A company wants to use private IP addresses for all its internal hosts. Which technology can the
company use to provide access to the Internet using a single public IP address?

A. static NAT
B. source routing
C. ACL
D. PAT

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 65

You are designing a network that requires a routing protocol that will use minimal network
bandwidth. Which would satisfy this requirement?

A. RIPv2
B. RIPng

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
C. OSPF
D. ARP
E. EGP

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 66

At which layer of the network is route summarization recommended?

A. data link layer

B. core layer
C. distribution layer
D. access layer

Answer: C
Explanation:

Distribution
Policy-based connectivity
Redundancy and load balancing
Aggregation of LAN wiring closets
Aggregation of WAN connections
QoS
Security filtering
Address or area aggregation or summarization
Departmental or workgroup access
Broadcast or multicast domain definition
Routing between VIANs
Media translations (for example, between Ethernet and Token Ring)
Redistribution between routing domains (for example, between two different routing protocols)
Demarcation between static and dynamic routing protocols

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QUESTION NO: 67

When designing the identity and access control portions for the enterprise campus network, which
of these solutions would be the most appropriate solution to consider?

A. 802.1X
B. ACLs in the core layer
C. Cisco Security MARS
D. NetFlow

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 68

A company is implementing an Identity Management solution with these characteristics:

Which Cisco Trust and Identity Management solution would you recommend?

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
A. NAC Appliance
B. Cisco IBNS
C. CSM
D. Cisco Security MARS

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 69

A campus network needs end-to-end QoS tools to manage traffic and ensure voice quality. Which
three types of QoS tools are needed? (Choose three.)

A. interface queuing and scheduling

B. congestion management
C. compression and fragmentation
D. bandwidth provisioning
E. traffic classification
F. buffer management

Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:

Campus LAN QoS Considerations

For the access layer of the campus LAN, you can classify and mark frames or packets to apply
quality of service (QoS) policies in the distribution or at the enterprise edge. Classification is a
fundamental building block of QoS and involves recognizing and distinguishing between different
traffic streams. For example, you distinguish between HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, and VoIP traffic.
Without classification, all traffic is treated the same.

QUESTION NO: 70

When considering the three VoIP design models - single site, centralized multisite, and distributed
multisite which question below would help to eliminate one of the options?

A. Will the switches be required to provide inline power?

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
B. Will users need to make offsite calls, beyond the enterprise?
C. Will users require applications such as voice mail and interactive voice response?
D. Are there users whose only enterprise access is via a QoS-enabled WAN?

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 71

Which three statements are true regarding the virtual interface on a Cisco Wireless LAN
Controller? (Choose three.)

A. supports mobility management

B. serves as a DHCP relay
C. used for all controller to AP communication
D. supports embedded Layer 3 security
E. default for out-of-band management
F. default for in-band management
G. provides connectivity to AAA servers

Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:

Virtual interface (static, configured at setup, mandatory) is used for Layer 3 security
authentication, DHCP relay support, and mobility management.

QUESTION NO: 72

When designing the infrastructure protection portion for the enterprise edge, which of these
solutions would be the most appropriate solution to consider?

A. 802.1X
B. ACLs in the core layer
C. Cisco Security MARS
D. AAA

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 Cisco 640-864 Exam
Answer: D
Explanation:

Security in the Enterprise Edge

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 13

QUESTION NO: 73

Which is the purpose of the Cisco NAC Profiler?

A. automates discovery and inventory of all LAN attached devices

B. generates a profile based on username and group
C. learns and creates a database of virus definitions based on LAN traffic
D. a database used to map user VPN accounts

Answer: A
Explanation:

Cisco NAC Profiler: Enables network administrators to keep a real-time, contextual inventory of all
devices in a network. It greatly facilitates the deployment and management of Cisco Network
Admission Control (NAC) systems by discovering and tracking the location and type of all LAN-
attached endpoints, including those that are not capable of authenticating. It also uses the
information about the device to determine the correct policies for NAC to apply.

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QUESTION NO: 74

Which protocol is used for voice bearer traffic?

A. MGCP
B. RTP
C. SCCP
D. CDP
E. ICMP

Answer: B
Explanation:

VoIP Control and Transport Protocols

A number of different protocols are used in a VoIP environment for call control, device
provisioning, and addressing.

Figure 14-15 shows those protocols focused on VoIP control and transport.

QUESTION NO: 75

Cisco Identity-Based Networking Services relies heavily on the 802.1X protocol. Which other
authentication solution is used hand-in-hand with 802.1X to authenticate users for network

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access?

A. RADIUS
B. LEAP
C. IPsec
D. TACACS
E. ISAKMP

Answer: A
Explanation:

Cisco Identity-Based Network Services

The Cisco Identity-Based Network Services solution is a way to authenticate host access based
on policy for admission to the network. IBNS supports identity authentication, dynamic provisioning
of VLANs on a per-user basis, guest VLANs, and 802.1X with port security.
The 802.1 X protocol is a standards-based protocol for authenticating network clients by permitting
or denying access to the network. The 802.1 X protocol operates between the end-user client
seeking access and an Ethernet switch or wireless access point (AP) providing the connection to
the network. In 802.1 X terminology, clients are called supplicants, and switches and APs are
called authenticates. A back-end RADIUS server such as a Cisco Access Control Server (ACS)
provides the user account database used to apply authentication and authorization.
With an IBNS solution, the host uses 802.IX and Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs
(EAPoL) to send the credentials and initiate a session to the network. After the host and switch
establish LAN connectivity, username and password credentials are requested. The client host
then sends the credentials to the switch, which forwards them to the RADIUS ACS.
The RADIUS ACS performs a lookup on the username and password to determine the credentials'
validity. If the username and password are correct, an accept message is sent to the switch or AP
to allow access to the client host. If the username and password are incorrect, the server sends a
message to the switch or AP to block the host port.
Figure 13-4 illustrates the communication flow of two hosts using 802.1X and KAPoL with the
switch, AP, and back-end RADIUS server.

QUESTION NO: 76

Which two devices would you place in your DMZ to ensure enterprise edge security? (Choose
two.)

A. IPS

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B. NAC
C. ASA
D. ACS
E. WCS

Answer: A,C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 77

Which three are security services offered through Cisco Router Security? (Choose three.)

A. Trust and Identity

B. Integrated Threat Control
C. Unified Wireless Network Security Solution
D. Secure Connectivity
E. Voice-Messaging Security
F. Endpoint Security
G. Virtual Security Gateway

Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
Threat Defense
Enabling integrated security in routers, switches, and appliances: Security techniques enabled
throughout the network, not just in point products or locations

Secure Connectivity
VPN Description VPN Name
Use AH and ESP to secure data; requires endpoints have IPsec software Standard IPsec
Secure encrypted point-to-point GRE tunnels; on-demand spoke-tospoke connectivity

Cisco DMVPN
Enables routing and multicast traffic across an IPsec VPN; non-IP protocol and QoS support
Cisco GRE-based

VPN
Encryption integration on IP and MPLS WANs; simplifies encryption management using group
keying; any-to-any connectivity Cisco GET VPN
Simplifies hub-and-spoke VPNs; need to reduce VPN management Cisco Easy VPN

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Trust
Trust is the relationship between two or more network entities that are permitted to communicate.

Security policy decisions are largely based on this premise of trust. If you are trusted, you are
allowed to communicate as needed. However, sometimes security controls need to apply restraint
to trust relationships by limiting or preventing access to the designated privilege level. Trust
relationships can be explicit or implied by the organization.
Some trust relationships can be inherited or passed down from one system to another.
However, keep in mind that these trust relationships can also be abused.

Identity
Identity is the “who” of a trust relationship. These can be users, devices, organizations, or all of the
above. Network entities are validated by credentials. Authentication of the identity is based on the
following attributes:

Something the subject knows: Knowledge of a secret, password, PIN, or private key
Something the subject has: Possession of an item such as a token card, smartcard,
or hardware key
Something the subject is: Human characteristics, such as a fingerprint, retina scan, or voice
recognition Generally, identity credentials are checked and authorized by requiring passwords,
pins, tokens, or certificates.

QUESTION NO: 78

Which protocol is used to reserve bandwidth for the transport of a particular application data flow
across the network?

A. cRTP
B. IEEE 802.1P
C. RSVP
D. LFI
E. Auto QOS

Answer: C
Explanation:

RSVP Signaling protocol that enables end stations or applications to obtain guaranteed bandwidth
and low delays for their data flows.

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QUESTION NO: 79

Which voice codec should you use in order to provide toll quality calls?

A. G.711
B. G.718
C. G.722
D. G.729

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 80

Which two features are supported by single wireless controller deployments? (Choose two.)

A. automatic detection and configuration of LWAPPs

B. LWAPP support across multiple floors and buildings
C. automatic detection and configuration of RF parameters
D. Layer 2 and Layer 3 roaming
E. controller redundancy
F. mobility groups

Answer: A,B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 81

Which three are features of LWAPP? (Choose three.)

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A. firmware synchronization
B. local management of APs
C. configuration changes manually synced
D. encryption of control channel
E. configuration data only on the WLC
F. wireless control free operation
G. replaces 802.1x for authentication in wireless connections

Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:

Cisco Unified Wireless Network Split-MAC Architecture

With the Cisco UWN split-M AC operation, the control and data messages are split. LWAPs
communicate with the WLCs using control messages over the wired network. LWAPP or
CAPWAP data messages arc encapsulated and forwarded to and from wireless clients. The WLC
manures multiple APs, providing con figuration information and firmware updates as needed.

QUESTION NO: 82

Which four services does the architecture for Media Services contain? (Choose four.)

A. access services
B. transport services
C. storage services
D. forwarding services
E. session control services
F. security services
G. filtering services
H. remote access services

Answer: A,B,C,E
Explanation:

An architecture framework for media services supports different models of video models. As
shown in Figure 14-13, the network provides service to video media in the Media Services
Framework. Those services are access services, transport services, bridging services, storage
servers, and session control services, which arc provided to endpoints.

Access services provide identity of end devices, mobility, and location services.
Transport services provide QoS for reliable packet delivery.

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Bridging services provide transcoding, conferencing, and recording services of media streams.
Storage services provide capture and storage of media streams and content management and
distribution.
Session control services provide session signaling and control and gateway services.

QUESTION NO: 83

Which Cisco device has the sole function at looking at threat detection and mitigation at the
Enterprise edge?

A. Cisco IOS router

B. Cisco ASA
C. Cisco Catalyst FWSM
D. Cisco IPS

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 84

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Refer to the exhibit.

Which layer is the distribution layer?

A. Layer A
B. Layer B
C. Layer C
D. Layers A and B form a consolidated core and distribution layer

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 85

You have a campus network that consists of only Cisco devices. You have been tasked to
discover the device platforms, the IOS versions, and an IP address of each device to map the
network. Which proprietary protocol will assist you with this task?

A. SNMP
B. TCP
C. CDP
D. ICMP

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E. LLDP

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 86

Which IPv6 feature enables routing to distribute connection requests to the nearest content
server?

A. Link-local
B. Site-local
C. Anycast
D. Multicast
E. Global aggregatable

Answer: C
Explanation:
Anycast is a network addressing and routing methodology in which datagrams from a single
sender are routed to the topologically nearest node in a group of potential receivers all identified
by the same destination address.
Link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anycast

QUESTION NO: 87

Which three technologies are recommended to be used for WAN connectivity in today's Enterprise
Edge designs? (Choose three.)

A. DWDM
B. Metro Ethernet
C. Frame Relay
D. MPLS VPN
E. ISDN
F. DSL
G. Wireless

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Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:

There is some discussion about whether ISDN not DWDM should be the answer but it does say
TODAYS network

QUESTION NO: 88

What is the recommended spanning tree protocol to use for all Layer 2 deployments in a branch
office environment?

A. CST
B. RSPT
C. PVST
D. MISTP
E. Rapid PVST +

Answer: E
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 89

Which WAN technology is a cost-effective method to deliver 100Mb of bandwidth to multiple

branch offices?

A. DSL
B. DWDM
C. ISDN
D. Metro Ethernet

Answer: D
Explanation:

Metro Ethernet
Metro Ethernet uses well-known "Ethernet" to deliver low-cost and high-speed MAN/WAN

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connectivity for organizations. Many service providers now offer Metro Ethernet solutions to deliver
a wide range of converged network services such as data, voice, and video on the same wire.
Metro Ethernet provides enterprise LAN type functionality out in the MAN and WAN. increasing the
throughput available for applications. Metro Ethernet bandwidths can range from 10Mbps to 1
Gbps. and even higher in some cases, allowing for support for higher performance and increased
QoS requirements. In contrast to the rigid nature of traditional TDM provisioning, Metro Ethernet
services are much easier to deploy and scale due to the flexible bandwidth increments. Metro
Ethernet technology is appealing to many customers because they are already comfortable using
Ethernet throughout their LAN environments.

QUESTION NO: 90

Refer to the exhibit.

A standard, Layer 2 campus network design is pictured. Which numbered box represents the
distribution layer?

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A. #1
B. #2
C. #3
D. #4

Answer: B
Explanation:
#1 Access
#2 Distribution
#3 Core
#4 Server Farm / Data Center
#5 WAN Module
#1 – is the access layer, since it interfaces directly with the clients
#3 – is the core layer, since these switches have a direct connection (highest resiliency) and they
interface directly with the WAN module
#4 – is the datacenter layer, because it interfaces directly with the campus servers
#5 – is the WAN module, it interfaces with the internet

QUESTION NO: 91

WAN backup over the Internet is often used to provide primary connection redundancy. Which is
the most important consideration when passing corporate traffic over the public Internet?

A. security
B. static versus dynamic routing
C. bandwidth
D. QoS
E. latency

Answer: A
Explanation:

WAN Backup over the Internet

Another alternative for WAN backup is to use the Internet as the connectivity transport between
sites. However, keep in mind that this type of connection does not support bandwidth guarantees.
The enterprise also needs to work closely with the ISP to set up the tunnels and advertise the
company's networks internally so that remote offices have reachable IP destinations.
Security is of great importance when you rely on the Internet for network connectivity, so a secure
tunnel using IPsec needs to be deployed to protect the data during transport.

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QUESTION NO: 92

Which two are types of network virtualization? (Choose two.)

A. VSS: Virtual Switching System

B. VRF. virtual routing and forwarding
C. VCI. virtual channel identifier
D. VLSM: variable length subnet masking
E. VM: virtual machine
F. VMP: Virtual Memory Pool

Answer: A,B
Explanation:

Network virtualization encompasses logical isolated network segments that share the same
physical infrastructure. Each segment operates independently and is logically separate from the
other segments. Each network segment appears with its own privacy, security, independent set of
policies, QoS levels, and independent routing paths.
Here are some examples of network virtualization technologies:

VLAN: Virtual local-area network

VSAN: Virtual storage-area network
VRF: Virtual routing and forwarding
VPN: Virtual private network
vPC: Virtual Port Channel

QUESTION NO: 93

To provide Layer 2 connectivity between the primary and remote data centers, given that the two
data centers are using Layer 3 routed DCIs, which NX-OS technology can be used to facilitate this
requirement?

A. VRF
B. OTV

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C. MPLS
D. SPT
E. vPC

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 94

You are tasked with designing a new branch office that will support 75 users with possible
expansion in the future and will need a highly available network. Which of the branch design
profiles should be implemented?

A. large branch design

B. medium branch design
C. teleworker design
D. small branch design

Answer: B
Explanation:

Medium Branch Design

The medium branch design is recommended for branch offices of 50 to 100 users, which is similar
to the small branch but with an additional access router in the WAN edge (slightly larger) allowing
for redundancy services. Typically, two 2921 or 2951 routers are used to support the WAN, and
separate access switches are used to provide LAN connectivity.

QUESTION NO: 95

Which WLC interface is dedicated for WLAN client data?

A. virtual interface
B. dynamic interface
C. management interface
D. AP manager interface
E. service port interface

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Answer: B
Explanation:

WLC Interface Types

A WLC has five interface types:

Management interface (static, configured at setup, mandatory) is used for in-band management,
connectivity to AAA, and Layer 2 discovery and association.
Service-port interface (static, configured at setup, optional) is used for out-of-band management.
It is an optional interface that is statically configured.
AP manager interface (static, configured at setup, mandatory except for 5508 WLC) is used for
Layer 3 discovery and association. It has the source IP address of the AP that is statically
configured.
Dynamic interface (dynamic) is analogous to VLANs and is designated for WLAN client data.
Virtual interface (static, configured at setup, mandatory) is used for leaver 3 security
authentication, DHCP relay support, and mobility management.

QUESTION NO: 96

Which two can be used as a branch office WAN solution? (Choose two.)

A. frame relay
B. MPLS
C. Metro Ethernet
D. GPRS
E. dial-up modem
F. 3G USB modems

Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
Frame relay is old 'shared' technology today's sites use some flavor or Metro E or MPLS/VPN

QUESTION NO: 97

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When designing for a remote worker, which two are typical requirements? (Choose two.)

A. best-effort interactive and low-volume traffic patterns

B. connections to the enterprise edge using Layer 2 WAN technologies
C. always-on connection with SLA from ISP
D. voice and IPsec VPN support
E. high-end security devices with stateful firewall filtering
F. dual or multihoming to ISPs

Answer: C,D
Explanation:

Teleworker: The teleworker module allows enterprises to securely deliver voice and data services
to a remote small office/home office (SOHO) over a standard broadband access service, providing
a business-resiliency solution for the enterprise and a flexible work environment for employees.
Centralized management minimizes the IT support costs, and robust integrated security mitigates
the unique security challenges of this environment. Integrated security- and identity-based
networking services enable the enterprise to help extend campus security policies to the
teleworker.

Staff can securely log in to the network over an “always-on” VPN and gain access to authorized
applications and services from a single cost-effective platform. The productivity can be further
enhanced by adding a Cisco IP phone, providing cost-effective access to a centralized IP
communications system with voice and unified messaging services.

QUESTION NO: 98

You are asked to design a new branch office that will need to support 25 users. These users will
be using an ISP connection and will need to connect to the main office for network services.

Which two Cisco devices are the most appropriate to fulfill all of these requirements? (Choose
two.)

A. Cisco IPS
B. Cisco ISR G2
C. Cisco ASA
D. Cisco 2960
E. Cisco CRS-1

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F. Cisco ACS

Answer: B,C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 99

What is the acceptable amount of one-way network delay for voice and video applications?

A. 300 bytes
B. 1 sec

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C. 150 ms
D. 500 ms

Answer: C
Explanation:

Delay Components in VoIP Networks

The ITU's G.I 14 recommendation specifics that the one-way delay between endpoints should not
exceed 150 ms to be acceptable, commercial voice quality. In private networks, somewhat longer
delays might be acceptable for economic reasons. The ITU G.114 recommendation specifics that
151-ms to 400-ms one-way delay might be acceptable provided that organizations are aware that
the transmission time will affect the quality of user applications. One-way delays of above 400 ms
are unacceptable for general network planning purposes.

QUESTION NO: 100

Which mode is used to exclusively look for unauthorized access points?

A. monitor mode
B. sniffer mode
C. rogue detector mode
D. local mode

Answer: C
Explanation:

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Interference detection and avoidance: As Cisco LWAPs monitor all channels, interference is
detected by a predefined threshold (10 percent by default). Interference can be generated by
rogue APs, microwaves, cordless telephones, Bluetooth devices, neighboring WLANs, or other
electronic devices.

QUESTION NO: 101

Your supervisor wants you to recommend a management protocol that will allow you to track
overall bandwidth utilization, utilization by traffic type, and utilization by source and destination.
Which is ideally suited for this function?

A. MRTG
B. NetFlow
C. RRD
D. SNMP

Answer: B
Explanation:

NetFlow
Cisco NetFlow allows the tracking of IP flows as they are passed through routers and multilayer
switches. IP flows are a set of IP packets within a specific timeslot that share a number of
properties, such as the same source address, destination address, type of service, and protocol
number. NetFlow information is forwarded to a network data analyzer, network planning tools,
RMON applications, or accounting and billing applications. Net-Flow allows for network planning,
traffic engineering, billing, accounting, and application monitoring. The most recent version of
NetFlow is NetFlow Version 9, which is defined in RFC 3954. NetFlow consists of three major
components:

QUESTION NO: 102

Which of the following three options represents the components of the Teleworker Solution?
(Choose three.)

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A. Cisco Unified IP Phone
B. Cisco 880 Series Router
C. Aironet Office Extend Access Point
D. Catalyst 3560 Series Switch
E. Cisco 2900 Series Router
F. MPLS Layer 3 VPN
G. Leased lines

Answer: A,B,E
Explanation:

A Cisco ASR is used to terminate Teleworker solutions, not a 2900 series router.
Hybrid teleworker uses Aironet, Advanced teleworker uses 880, both use IP phones.
google: "at_a_glance_c45-652500.pdf" for details

The Cisco Virtual Office Solution for the Enterprise Teleworker is implemented using the Cisco
800 series ISRs. Each ISR has integrated switch ports that then connect to the user’s broadband
connection. The solution uses a permanent always-on IPsec VPN tunnel back to the corporate
network. This architecture provides for centralized IT security management, corporate-pushed
security policies, and integrated identity services. In addition, this solution supports the enterprise
teleworker needs through advanced applications such as voice and video. For example, the
enterprise teleworker can take advantage of toll bypass, voicemail, and advanced IP phone
features not available in the PSTN.

Enterprise Teleworker Module

The enterprise teleworker module consists of a small office or a mobile user who needs to access
services of the enterprise campus. As shown in Figure 2-14, mobile users connect from their
homes, hotels, or other locations using dialup or Internet access lines. VPN clients are used to
allow mobile users to securely access enterprise applications. The Cisco Virtual Office solution
provides a solution for teleworkers that is centrally managed using small integrated service routers
(ISR) in the VPN solution. IP phone capabilities are also provided in the Cisco Virtual Office
solution, providing corporate voice services for mobile users.

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QUESTION NO: 103

Which three types of WAN topologies can be deployed in the Service Provider Module? (Choose
three.)

A. ring
B. star
C. full mesh
D. core/edge
E. collapsed core
F. partial mesh

Answer: B,C,F
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 104

Which statement describes the recommended deployment of DNS and DHCP servers in the Cisco
Network Architecture for the Enterprise?

A. Place the DHCP and DNS servers in the Enterprise Campus Access layer and Enterprise
branch.
B. Place the DHCP and DNS servers in the Enterprise Campus Server Farm layer and Enterprise
branch.
C. Place the DHCP server in the Enterprise Campus Core layer and Remote Access_VPN module
with the DNS server in the Internet Connectivity module.
D. Place the DHCP server in the Enterprise Campus Distribution layer with the DNS server in the
Internet Connectivity module.

Answer: B
Explanation:
For the Enterprise Campus, DHCP and internal DNS servers should be located in the Server Farm
and they should be redundant. External DNS servers can be placed redundantly at the service
provider facility and at the Enterprise branch.

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QUESTION NO: 105

Your company's Cisco routers are operating with EIGRP.You need to join networks with an
acquisition's heterogeneous routers at 3 sites, operating with EIGRP and OSPF. Which describes
the best practice for routing protocol deployment?

A. apply OSPF throughout both networks

B. apply one-way redistribution exclusively at each location
C. apply two-way redistribution exclusively at each location
D. apply two-way redistribution at each location with a route filter at only one location
E. apply two-way redistribution at each location with a route filter at each location
F. apply EIGRP with the same autonomous system throughout both networks

Answer: E
Explanation:
Without filters there is possibility of routing loops.
Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk365/technologies_tech_note09186a008009487e.shtml

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QUESTION NO: 106

Which two routing protocols converge most quickly? (Choose two.)

A. RIPv1
B. RIPv2
C. BGP
D. OSPF
E. EIGRP

Answer: D,E
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 107

Which of these is the equation used to derive a 64 Kbps bit rate?

A. 2 x 8 kHz x 4-bit code words

B. 8 kHz x 8-bit code words
C. 2 x 4-bit code words x 8 kHz
D. 2 x 4 kHz x 8-bit code words

Answer: D
Explanation:
While the human ear can sense sounds from 20 to 20, 000 Hz, and speech encompasses sounds
from about 200 to 9000 Hz, the telephone channel was designed to operate at about 300 to 3400
Hz. This economical range carries enough fidelity to allow callers to identify the party at the far end
and sense their mood. Nyquist decided to extend the digitization to 4000 Hz, to capture higher-
frequency sounds that the telephone channel may deliver. Therefore, the highest frequency for
voice is 4000 Hz. According to Nyquist theory, we must double the highest frequency, so 2x4kHz
= 8kHz.
Each sample will be encoded into a 8-bit code. Therefore 8kHz x 8-bit code = 64 Kbps (notice
about the unit Kbps: 8kHz = 8000 samples per second so 8000 x 8-bit = 64000 bit per second =
64 Kilobit per second = 64 Kbps)
Link: http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Nyquist+theorem

Note:
Nyquist theory:
“When sampling a signal (e.g., converting from an analog signal to digital), the sampling frequency

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must be greater than twice the bandwidth of the input signal in order to be able to reconstruct the
original perfectly from the sampled version.”

QUESTION NO: 108

Which one of these statements is an example of how trust and identity management solutions
should be deployed in the enterprise campus network?

A. Authentication validation should be deployed as close to the data center as possible.

B. Use the principle of top-down privilege, which means that each subject should have the
privileges that are necessary to perform their defined tasks, as well as all the tasks for those roles
below them.
C. Mixed ACL rules, using combinations of specific sources and destinations, should be applied as
close to the source as possible.
D. For ease of management, practice defense in isolation - security mechanisms should be in
place one time, in one place.

Answer: C
Explanation:
Validating user authentication should be implemented as close to the source as possible, with an
emphasis on strong authentication for access from untrusted networks. Access rules should
enforce policy deployed throughout the network with the following guidelines:

An integral part of identity and access control deployments is to allow only the necessary access.
Highly distributed rules allow for greater granularity and scalability but, unfortunately, increase the
management complexity. On the other hand, centralized rule deployment eases management but
lacks flexibility and scalability.

Practicing “defense in depth” by using security mechanisms that back each other up is an
important concept to understand. For example, the perimeter Internet routers should use ACLs to
filter packets in addition to the firewall inspecting packets at a deeper level.

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 13

QUESTION NO: 109

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With deterministic Wireless LAN Controller redundancy design, the different options available to
the designer have their own strengths.Which one of these statements is an example of such a
strength?

A. Dynamic load balancing, or salt-and-pepper access point design, avoids the potential impact of
oversubscription on aggregate network performance.
B. N+N redundancy configuration allows logically grouping access points on controllers to
minimize intercontroller roaming events.
C. N+N+1 redundancy configuration has the least impact to system management because all of
the controllers are colocated in an NOC or data center.
D. N+1 redundancy configuration uses Layer 3 intercontroller roaming, maintaining traffic on the
same subnet for more efficiency.

Answer: B
Explanation:
With such an arrangement there is no complex mesh of access points & controllers.

Link: http://www.cisco.com/web/learning/le31/le46/cln/qlm/CCDA/design/understanding-wireless-
network-controller-technology-3/player.html

N+N WLC Redundancy

With N+N redundancy, shown in Figure 5-14. an equal number of controllers hack up each other.
For example, a pair of WLCs on one floor serves as a backup to a second pair on another floor.
The top WLC is primary for API and AP2 and secondary for AP3 and AP4. The bottom WLC is
primary for AP3 and AP4 and secondary for API and AP2. There should be enough capacity on
each controller to manage a failover situation.

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N+N+1 WLC Redundancy

With N+N+1 redundancy, shown in Figure 5-15, an equal number of controllers back up each
other (as with N+N), plus a backup WLC is configured as the tertiary WLC for the APs. N+N+1
redundancy functions the same as N+N redundancy plus a tertiary controller that backs up the
secondary controllers. The tertiary WLC is placed in the data center or network operations center

QUESTION NO: 110

When designing the threat detection and mitigation portion for the enterprise data center network,
which of the following would be the most appropriate solution to consider?

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A. 802.1X
B. ACLs in the core layer
C. Cisco Security MARS
D. Cisco Firewall Services Module

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 111 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 112 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 113 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 114 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 115 DRAG DROP

Drag the characteristics of the traditional campus network on the left to the most appropriate
hierarchical network layer on the right.

Answer:

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Explanation:

Access

Distribution
Core

Large-Building LANs
Large-building LANs are segmented by floors or departments. The building-access component
serves one or more departments or floors. The building-distribution component serves one or
more building-access components. Campus and building backbone devices connect the data
center, building-distribution components, and the enterprise edge-distribution component. The
access layer typically uses Layer 2 switches to contain costs, with more expensive Layer 3
switches in the distribution layer to provide policy enforcement. Current best practice is to also
deploy multilayer switches in the campus and building backbone.

Cisco Enterprise Architecture Model

Core

Distribution

Access

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 3

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QUESTION NO: 116 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

Leased
SHARED

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QUESTION NO: 117 DRAG DROP

Answer:

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Explanation:

1 Weight Load
2 Security
3 Cabling
4 Space
5 Cooling
6 Power

please refer to the link below.

Link:
http://www.cisco.com/application/pdf/en/us/guest/netsol/ns107/c649/ccmigration_09186a0080733
77d.pdf

QUESTION NO: 118 DRAG DROP

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Answer:

Explanation:

Small Office
•Redundant Links
•Internet Deployment Model
Medium Office
•Redundant devices
•Private WAN deployment
Large Office
•Redundant Links and Devices

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•MPLS Deployment model

Small Branch Design

The small branch design is recommended for branch offices that do not require hardware
redundancy and that have a small user base supporting up to 50 users. This profile consists of an
access router providing WAN services and connections for the LAN services.

The Layer 3 WAN services are based on the WAN and Internet deployment model. A T1 is used
for the primary link, and an ADSL secondary link is used for backup. Other network fundamentals
are supported, such as EIGRP, floating static routes, and QoS for bandwidth protection.

Medium Branch Design

The medium branch design is recommended for branch offices of 50 to 100 users, which is similar
to the small branch but with an additional access router in the WAN edge (slightly larger) allowing
for redundancy services.

Large Branch Design

The large branch design is the largest of the branch profiles, supporting between 100 and 1000
users. This design profile is similar to the medium branch design in that it also provides dual
access routers in the WAN edge. In addition, dual Adaptive Security Appliances (ASA) are used
for stateful firewall filtering, and dual distribution switches provide the multilayer switching
component. The WAN services use an MPLS deployment model with dual WAN links into the
WAN cloud.

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 7

QUESTION NO: 119 DRAG DROP

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Answer:

Explanation:

Please refer to link.

Link: http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=1073230&seqNum=2

Building access layer:

Protect network services including DHCP, ARP, and IP spoofing protection
Protect against inadvertent loops

Building distribution layer:

Protect the endpoints using network-based intrusion prevention
Protect the infrastructure using NFP best practices

Campus Core:

Does not perform any security functions to mitigate transit

Filter and rate-limits control-plane traffic

http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Security/SAFE_RG/chap5.html#wp109091

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3
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Security/SAFE_RG/chap3.html

QUESTION NO: 120 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

Here is the correct answer

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Network Virtualization
* VPC
* VLAN
* VRF
Device Virtualization
*ASA firewall context
*IPS
*VDC

Network virtualization encompasses logical isolated network segments that share the same
physical infrastructure. Each segment operates independently and is logically separate from the
other segments. Each network segment appears with its own privacy, security, independent set of
policies, QoS levels, and independent routing paths.

Here are some examples of network virtualization technologies:

Device virtualization allows for a single physical device to act like multiple copies of itself. Device
virtualization enables many logical devices to run independently of each other on the same
physical piece of hardware. The software creates virtual hardware that can function just like the
physical network device. Another form of device virtualization entails using multiple physical
devices to act as one logical unit.

Here are some examples of device virtualization technologies:

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 4

QUESTION NO: 121 DRAG DROP

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Answer:

Explanation:

1 Enterprise Edge
2 Internet Connectivity
3 Data Center
4 Enterprise Campus

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5 E-Commerce
6 Remote Access and VPN

please refer to link.

Link: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/campover.html#wp708979
CCDA Study Guide: Diane Teare

QUESTION NO: 122 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

Correct Answer
Layer 2 between distribution and access layers, with a Layer 3 link between the distribution
switches
-> FHRP for convergence, no VLANs span between access layer switches across the distribution

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switches
Layer 2 between distribution and access layers, with a Layer 2 link between the distribution
switches
-> Support Layer 2 VLANs spanning multiple access layer switches across the distribution
switches
VSS -> Convergence (FHRP) is not an issue

The following are recommended best practices at the distribution layer:

Cisco Press CCDA 640-864 Official Certification Guide Fourth Edition, Chapter 3

QUESTION NO: 123 DRAG DROP

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Layer 2 loop-free design: In this design, the access switches use Layer 2 switching.
The links between the access and distribution layers are configured as Layer 2 trunks.
The link between the distribution switches is configured as a Layer 3 routed link. An
EtherChannel is typically used for this link to increase availability. In this design, there are no
Layer 2 loops in the access-distribution block, which means that the Spanning Tree Protocol is not
involved in network convergence and load balancing.

All the ports are in the spanning-tree Forwarding state. Load balancing of the traffic from the
access to the distribution layer is based on the First Hop Router Protocol (FHRP) that is used in
this design. Reconvergence time in the case of failure is driven primarily by FHRP reconvergence.
A limitation of this solution is that it is optimal for networks where each access layer VLAN can be
constrained to a single access switch.
Stretching VLANs across multiple access switches is not recommended in this design.

Layer 2 looped design: The Layer 2 looped design also uses Layer 2 switching on the access
layer, and the links between the access and distribution switches are also configured as Layer 2
trunks. However, unlike the Layer 2 loop-free design, the link between the distribution switches is
configured here as a Layer 2 trunk. This configuration introduces a Layer 2 loop between the
distribution switches and the access switches. To eliminate this loop from the topology, the
Spanning Tree Protocol blocks one of the uplinks from the access switch to the distribution
switches. This design is recommended for networks that require an extension of VLANs across
multiple access switches. A drawback is that network convergence in the case of failure is now
dependent on spanning-tree convergence that is combined with FHRP convergence. Another
downside is limited load balancing. PVST root election tuning can be used to balance traffic on a
VLAN-by-VLAN basis. However, within each VLAN, spanning tree always blocks one of the
access switch uplinks.

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Layer 3 routed design: The Layer 3 routed design uses Layer 3 routing on the access switches.
All links between switches are configured as Layer 3 routed links. The advantage of this design is
that it eliminates the Spanning Tree Protocol from the interswitch links. It is still enabled on edge
ports to protect against user-induced loops, but it does not play a role in the network
reconvergence in the access-distribution block. FHRPs are also eliminated from the design,
because the default gateway for the end hosts now resides on the access switch instead of on the
distribution switch.
Network reconvergence behavior is determined solely by the routing protocol being used. Like the
Layer 2 loop-free design, the Layer 3 routed design constrains VLANs to a single access switch.
Also, this design does not allow VLANs to be extended across multiple access switches, and it
requires more sophisticated hardware for the access switches.

Because the Spanning Tree Protocol recogni7cs the EtherChannel link as a single logical link,
spanning tree is effectively removed from the network topology. Like the layer 2 loop-free design,
spanning tree is still enabled to guard against loops that are caused by miswiring or other human
errors. It no longer plays a role in network convergence, how-ever. A primary advantage of designs
that are based on the MEC is that all links between the access and distribution layers are used in
forwarding. Traffic is load balanced across the links through the EtherChannel hashing
mechanisms.
Another advantage is that this design allows VLANs to extend across multiple access switches if
necessary, without introducing Layer 2 loops into the topology.

QUESTION NO: 124 DRAG DROP

Drop

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Answer:

Explanation:

+ classification and markind: ACLs

+ congestion avoidance: WRED
+ traffic conditioners: CAR
+ congestion management: LLQ
+ link efficiency: LFI

Classication is the process of partitioning traffic into multiple priority levels or classes of service.
Information in the frame or packet header is inspected, and the frame’s priority is
determined.Marking is the process of changing the priority or class of service (CoS) setting within
a frame or packet to indicate its classication. Classication is usually performed with access control
lists (ACL), QoS class maps, or route maps, using various match criteria.

Congestion-avoidance techniques monitor network trafc loads so that congestion can be

anticipated and avoided before it becomes problematic. Congestion-avoidance techniques allow
packets from streams identied as being eligible for early discard (those with lower priority) to be
dropped when the queue is getting full. Congestion avoidance techniques provide preferential
treatment for high priority trafc under congestion situations while maximizing network throughput

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and capacity utilization and minimizing packet loss and delay.

Weighted random early detection (WRED) is the Cisco implementation of the random early
detection (RED) mechanism. WRED extends RED by using the IP Precedence bits in the IP
packet header to determine which traffic should be dropped; the drop-selection process is
weighted by the IP precedence.

Traffic conditioner consists of policing and shaping. Policing either discards the packet or modies
some aspect of it, such as its IP Precedence or CoS bits, when the policing agent determines that
the packet meets a given criterion. In comparison, traffic shaping attempts to adjust the
transmission rate of packets that match a certain criterion. Shaper typically delays excess trafc by
using a buffer or queuing mechanism to hold packets and shape the ow when the source’s data
rate is higher than expected. For example, generic traffic shaping uses a weighted fair queue to
delay packets to shape the ow. Traffic conditioner is also referred to as Committed Access Rate
(CAR).

Congestion management includes two separate processes: queuing, which separates traffic into
various queues or buffers, and scheduling, which decides from which queue trafc is to be sent
next. There are two types of queues: the hardware queue (also called the transmit queue or TxQ)
and software queues. Software queues schedule packets into the hardware queue based on the
QoS requirements and include the following types: weighted fair queuing (WFQ), priority queuing
(PQ), custom queuing (CQ), class-based WFQ (CBWFQ), and low latency queuing (LLQ).

LLQ is also known as Priority Queuing–Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing (PQ-CBWFQ). LLQ
provides a single priority but it’s preferred for VoIP networks because it can also congure
guaranteed bandwidth for different classes of traffic queue. For example, all voice call traffic would
be assigned to the priority queue, VoIP signaling and video would be assigned to a traffic class,
FTP traffic would be assigned to a low-priority traffic class, and all other traffic would be assigned
to a regular class.

Link efficiency techniques, including link fragmentation and interleaving (LFI) and compression.
LFI prevents small voice packets from being queued behind large data packets, which could lead
to unacceptable delays on low-speed links. With LFI, the voice gateway fragments large packets
into smaller equal-sized frames and interleaves them with small voice packets so that a voice
packet does not have to wait until the entire large data packet is sent. LFI reduces and ensures a
more predictable voice delay.

(Reference: Cisco Press Designing for Cisco Internetwork Solutions)

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QUESTION NO: 125 DRAG DROP

Drop

Answer:

Explanation:

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+ provides secure network access, isolates and controls infected devices attempting access: Trust
and Identity Management
+ uses encryption and authentication to provide secure transport across untrusted networks:
Secure Connectivity
+ uses security integrated into routers, switches, and appliances to defend against attacks: Threat
Defense
+ integrates security into the network to identify, prevent, and adapt to threats: Cisco Self-
Defending Network

Trust and identity management solutions provide secure network access and admission at any
point in the network and isolate and control infected or unpatched devices that attempt to access
the network. If you are trusted, you are granted access.
We can understand “trust” is the security policy applied on two or more network entities and allows
them to communicate or not in a specific circumstance. “Identity” is the “who” of a trust
relationship.
The main purpose of Secure Connectivity is to protect the integrity and privacy of the information
and it is mostly done by encryption and authentication. The purpose of encryption is to guarantee
condentiality; only authorized entities can encrypt and decrypt data. Authentication is used to
establish the subject’s identity. For example, the users are required to provide username and
password to access a resource…

QUESTION NO: 126 DRAG DROP

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Drop

Answer:

Explanation:

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+ protects the endpoints (desktops, laptops and servers): Cisco Security Agent
+ provides multiple functions as a high performance security appliance: ASA
+ prevents DDoS attacks: Anomaly Guard and Detector
+ provides Web-Based VPN services: SSL Service Module
+ prevents attacks inline: IPS Appliance

QUESTION NO: 127 DRAG DROP

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Answer:

Explanation:

+ limits the number of frames transmitted before an acknowledgement is received: window size+
reduces data size to save transmission time, optimizing the use of WAN bandwidth: data
compression+ allows network administrators to manage the varying demands generated by
applications: queuing+ discards packets or modifies some aspect of them (such as IP
precedence): traffic policing

QUESTION NO: 128 DRAG DROP

Answer:

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Explanation:

a. MIB (Management Information Base)

A MIB is nothing more than a database of objects. The MIB has a tree- like structure, similar to a
file system.
Each leaf object represents a parameter on the managed device. A common understanding of the
MIB between NMS and agent is what allows SNMP communications to work.
b. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the de facto standard network management
protocol for the IP protocol suite. Developed in the late 1980s by the IETF (Internet Engineering
Task Force), SNMP provides a simple means for vendors to provide management capabilities to
their networking devices SNMP defines a manager/agent relationship for network management. A
manager device essentially has two functions: monitor and control. It monitors network devices
(agents) by sending queries for performance, configuration, and status information. It controls
agents by sending directives to change configuration parameters. An example of an SNMP
manager is an NMS (network management station) running CiscoWorks2000, while an agent
might be a Cisco 7500 router. The NMS, acting as manager, communicates with the 7500, acting
as agent, for information about its performance. SNMP is the protocol they use to communicate.
An NMS can manage systems that include hosts, servers, routers, switches, hubs, UPSs, or most
any network-attached device. The NMS runs the network management applications, such as
CiscoWorks2000, that present management information to network managers and other users.
The processing of SNMP is mostly performed by the NMS.

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QUESTION NO: 129 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

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RMON -> complete monitor of all OSI layers

SMNP -> communication between devices and monitoring
CDP -> data link, multicast
NetFlow -> processes ACLs, packet analysis for security

QUESTION NO: 130 DRAG DROP

Answer:

Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 131 DRAG DROP

Answer:

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Explanation:

SNMP
CDP
RMON
Netflow

QUESTION NO: 132 DRAG DROP

Answer:

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Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 133 DRAG DROP

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Answer:

Explanation:

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From Secure Tut CCDA 2.1 experience

Also

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Unified computing
Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) is an innovative next-generation data center platform that
converges computing, network, storage, and virtualization together into one system.
Integrates lossless 10GE unified network fabric with x86 architecture-based servers.
Allows for Cisco Virtual Interface Card to virtualize your network interfaces on your server.
Offers Cisco VN-Link virtualization.
Supports Extended Memory Technology patented by Cisco.
Increases productivity with just-in-time provisioning using service profiles.

In addition, the newer Data Center 3.0 architecture increases the overall return on investment
(ROI) and lowers the total cost of ownership (TCO).

Virtualization
Virtual local-area network (VLAN), virtual storage-area network (VSAN), and virtual device
contexts (VDC) help to segment the LAN, SAN, and network devices instances.
Cisco Nexus 1000V virtual switch for VMware ESX and ESXi help to deliver visibility and policy
control for virtual machines (VM).
Flexible networking options with support for all server form factors and vendors, including support
for blade servers from Cisco, Dell, IBM, and HP with integrated Ethernet and Fibre Channel
switches.

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Virtualization technologies such as VLANs and VSANs provide for virtualized LAN and
SAN connectivity by logically segmenting multiple LANs and SANs on the same physical
equipment. Each VLAN and VSAN operates independently from one another.

QUESTION NO: 134

Which two common cable management strategies are used in high-density server deployments in
the data center? (Choose two.)

A. top-of-rack
B. middle-of-rack
C. bottom-of-rack
D. beginning-of-row
E. middle-of-row
F. end-of-row

Answer: A,F
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 135

Which protocol is the recommended first-hop redundancy protocol for an existing infrastructure
that contains multiple vendors and platforms?

A. HSRP
B. VRRP
C. IGRP
D. OSPF

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 136

Which IGP provides the fastest convergence by default?

A. EIGRP
B. OSPF
C. IS-IS
D. RSTP
E. BGP

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 137

Which three are valid Layer 2 access designs? (Choose three.)

A. Looped Triangle
B. Looped Square
C. Looped U
D. Loop-Free Triangle
E. Loop-Free Square
F. Loop-Free U

Answer: A,B,F
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 138

Which two enterprise campus layers are combined in a medium-sized LAN? (Choose two.)

A. core
B. distribution
C. access
D. backbone
E. aggregation

Answer: A,B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 139

What is a characteristic of campus core designs?

A. fast transport
B. security
C. summarization
D. redistribution

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 140

Which servers that reside in the data center require direct links to all other enterprise modules?

A. network management servers

B. DHCP servers
C. Active Directory servers
D. IP SLA servers
E. web servers

Answer: A
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 141

Which Gigabit Ethernet media type provides the longest reach without a repeater?

A. 1000Base-CX
B. 1000Base-LX
C. 1000Base-SX
D. 1000Base-T

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 142

Which three options represents the components of the Teleworker Solution? (Choose three.)

A. Cisco Unified IP Phone

B. Cisco 880 Series Router
C. Aironet Office Extend Access Point
D. Catalyst 3560 Series Switch
E. Cisco 2900 Series Router
F. MPLS Layer 3 VPN
G. Leased lines

Answer: A,B,E
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 143

What is the maximum number of groups that is supported by GLBP?

A. 64
B. 256
C. 512
D. 1024

Answer: D
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 144

Which three service categories are supported by an ISR? (Choose three.)

A. voice
B. security
C. data
D. Internet
E. storage
F. satellite

Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 145

Which three protocols support VLSM? (Choose three.)

A. RIPv2
B. RIPv1
C. EIGRP
D. OSPF
E. IGRP

Answer: A,C,D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 146

Which statement describes a unique advantage of EIGRP?

A. It enables unequal-cost load balancing.

B. It enables equal-cost load balancing.
C. It enables source-based load balancing.
D. It enables port-based load balancing.

Answer: A

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Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 147

ACME corporation is implementing dynamic routing on the LAN at its corporate headquarters. The
interior gateway protocol that they select must support these requirements: multivendor
environment, efficient subnetting, high scalability, and fast convergence.

Which interior gateway protocol should they implement?

A. EIGRP
B. OSPF
C. RIPng
D. BGP

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 148

Which routing protocol classification should you use when full topology information is needed?

A. link-state
B. distance vector
C. stateful
D. path vector

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 149

When you are designing a large IPv6 multivendor network, which IGP does Cisco recommend that
you use?

A. OSPFv3
B. EIGRP for IPv6

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C. BGP
D. RIPng

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 150

Which is the equation used to derive a 64 Kbps bit rate?

A. 2 x 8 kHz x 4-bit code words

B. 8 kHz x 8-bit code words
C. 2 x 4-bit code words x 8 kHz
D. 2 x 4 kHz x 8-bit code words

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 151

When designing the infrastructure protection portion for the enterprise edge, which solution would
be the most appropriate solution to consider?

A. 802.1X
B. ACLs in the core layer
C. Cisco Security MARS
D. AAA

Answer: D
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 152

Which two design approaches provide management of enterprise network devices? (Choose two.)

A. in-band
B. out-of-line
C. out-of-band

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D. in-line

Answer: A,C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 153

Refer to the list of requirements.

Which IP telephony design model should you implement to fulfill these requirements?

• Must be a single, large location with many remote sites

• Must have multisite WAN connectivity

• Requires SRST for call processing redundancy

A. centralized
B. distributed
C. clustered
D. decentralized

Answer: A
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 154

What are the three modes of unicast reverse path forwarding? (Choose three.)

A. strict
B. loose
C. VRF
D. global
E. PIM
F. local

Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:

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QUESTION NO: 155

Which network access control technology is recommended to use with Layer 2 access layer
switches?

A. 802.1q
B. 802.1x
C. 802.3af
D. 802.3q
E. 802.11n

Answer: B
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 156

Which technology enables WLCs to peer with each other to enable roaming support?

A. WAP profiles
B. roaming profiles
C. mobility groups
D. peer groups

Answer: C
Explanation:

QUESTION NO: 157

Which IP telephony component supports VoIP, PoE, and QoS?

A. client endpoints
B. voice-enabled infrastructure
C. Cisco Unified Communications Manager
D. Cisco Unified Contact Center

Answer: B

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