Basic

Accounting
1
1.  Which of the following describes the proper form of a balance sheet? 
A) Owners' equity is always the first section listed because it is the most important to external users. 
B) Cash is always the first asset listed, followed by permanent assets (such as land and buildings),
and finally by assets such as receivables and supplies. 
C) Liabilities are listed before owners' equity 
D) A subtotal for total assets plus total liabilities is shown. 

2. A balance sheet is designed to show: 

A) How much a business is worth. 
B) The profitability of the business during the current year. 
C) The assets, liabilities, and owners' equity of a business as of a particular date 
D) The cost of replacing the assets and of paying off the liabilities at December 31. 

3.  Blue Wholesale Shirt Co. sold shirts to Pink Retail Shoppe. The owner of Pink Retail said she
would pay Blue at a later date, which Blue Wholesale agreed to. Blue Wholesale Shirt Co. is
considered to be a: 
A) borrower.  B) liability.  C) creditor D) debtor. 

4. Which of the following best defines an asset? 

A) Something with physical form that is valued at cost in the accounting records. 
B) An economic resource owned by a business and expected to benefit future operations 
C) An economic resource representing cash or the right to receive cash in the near future. 
D) Something owned by a business that has a ready market value. 

5. From an accounting viewpoint, when is a business considered as an entity separate from its
owner(s)? 
A) Only when organized as a sole proprietorship. 
B) Only when organized as a partnership. 
C) Only when organized as a corporation. 
D) A business is always considered as an accounting entity separate from the activities of the
owner(s) 

6. The accounting principle that assumes that a company will operate in the foreseeable future is: 
A) Going concern B) Objectivity C.) Liquidity.  D) Disclosure. 

7.  The valuation of assets in the balance sheet is based primarily upon: 
A) What it would cost to replace the assets. 
B) Cost, because cost is usually factual and verifiable 
C) Current fair market value as established by independent appraisers. 
D) Cost, because in the event of liquidation, the assets would be sold at an amount equal to their
original cost. 

8.  Which of the following is not a generally accepted accounting principle relating to the valuation of
assets? 
A) The cost principle - in general, assets are valued at cost, rather than at estimated market values. 
B) The objectivity principle - accountants prefer to use objective, rather than subjective, information as
the basis for accounting information. 
C) The safety principle - assets are valued at no more than the value for which they are
insured 
D) The going-concern assumption - one reason for valuing assets such as buildings and equipment at
cost rather than at their current market values is the assumption that the business will use these
assets rather than sell them. 

9. Each year, the accountant for Southern Real Estate Company adjusts the recorded value of each
asset to its market value. Using these market value figures on the balance sheet violates: 
A) The accounting equation.  B) The stable-dollar assumption. 
C) The business entity concept.  D) The cost principle

10. The owner of Westhampton Fish Eatery purchased a new car for his daughter who is away at
college at a cost of $43,000 and reported this amount as Delivery Vehicle in the restaurant's balance
sheet. The reporting of this item in this manner violated the: 
A) Cost principle.  B) Business entity concept 
C) Objectivity principle.  D) Going-concern assumption.

11. Eton Corporation purchased land in 1998 for $190,000. In 2018, it purchased a nearly identical
parcel of land for $430,000. In its 2018 balance sheet, Eton valued these two parcels of land at a
combined value of $860,000. Reporting the land in this manner violated the: 
A) Cost principle  B) Principle of the business entity. 

C) Objectivity principle.  D) Going-concern assumption.

12. Bob Bertolucci, owner of Bob's Bazaar, also owns a personal residence that costs $575,000. The
market value of his residence is $725,000. During preparation of the financial statements for Bob's
Bazaar, the accounting principle most relevant to the presentation of Bob's home is: 
A) The concept of the business entity B) The cost principle. 
C) The going-concern assumption.  D) The objectivity principle. 

13. Which of the following will not cause a change in the owners' equity of a business? 
A) Purchase of land with cash B) Withdrawal of cash by the owner. 
C) Sale of land at a profit.  D) Losses from unprofitable operations. 

14. Which of the following is correct when a corporation uses cash to pay for an expense? 
A) Total assets will decrease B) Retained earnings will increase. 
C) Owners' equity will increase.  D) Liabilities will increase. 

15. Deerpark Corporation recently borrowed $70,000 cash from its bank. Which of the following was
unaffected by this transaction? 
A) Assets.  B) Liabilities.  C) Owners' equity D) Cash. 

16. Which of the following transactions would cause an increase in both assets and owners' equity? 
A) Investment of cash in the business by the owner  B) Sale of land for a price less than its
cost. 
C) Borrowing money from a bank.  D) Sale of land for cash at a price equal to its
cost. 

17. A transaction caused an increase in both assets and owners' equity. This transaction could have
been resulted from the: 
A) Sale of services to a customer  B) Sale of land for a price less than its cost. 
C) Borrowing money from a bank.  D) Sale of land for cash at a price equal to its cost. 

18. The amount of owners' equity in a business is not affected by: 

A) The percentage of total assets held in cash 
B) The investments made in the business by the owner. 
C) The profitability of the business. 
D) The amount of dividends paid to stockholders. 

19. Decreases in owners' equity are caused by: 

A) Purchases of assets and payment of liabilities. 
B) Purchases of assets and incurrence of liabilities. 
C) Payment of liabilities and unprofitable operations. 
D) Distributions of assets to the owners and unprofitable operations 

20. Which of the following transactions would cause a change in owners' equity? 
A) Repayment of the principal on a bank loan.  B) Purchase of a delivery truck on credit. 
C) Sale of land on credit for a price above cost  D) Borrowing money from a bank. 

21. On the statement of financial position, how are assets and liabilities normally presented? 
A) Assets are presented in their order of permanence; liabilities are presented in the order in
which they become due 
B) Assets are presented in the order in which they become due; liabilities are presented in their order
of permanence. 
C) Assets are presented in order of profitability; liabilities are presented in order of liquidity. 
D) Assets are presented in order of liquidity; liabilities are presented in order of profitability. 

22. Which of the following assets would most likely be listed last on a statement of financial position? 
A) Land B) Cash.  C) Accounts receivable.  D) Equipment. 

23. Which of the following liabilities would most likely be listed last on a statement of financial
position? 
A) Bonds payable, due in 20 years B) Accounts payable. 
C) Note payable, due in 3 years.  D) Income taxes payable. 

24. If a transaction causes an asset account to decrease, which of the following related effects may
occur? 
A) An increase of equal amount in an owners' equity account.  B) An increase in a liability
account. 
C) An increase of equal amount in another asset account 
D) An increase in the combined total of liabilities and owners' equity. 

25. A payment of a business debt not including interest: 

A) Decreases total assets  B) Increases total liabilities. 
C) Increases the owners' equity in the business.  D) Decreases the owners' equity in the business. 

26. If total assets equal $270,000 and total liabilities equal $202,500, the total owners' equity must
equal: 
A) $472,500. B) $67,500  C) $270,000.  D) Cannot be determined from the information given. 

27. If total assets equal $345,000 and total owners' equity equal $120,000, then total liabilities must
equal: 
A) $465,000.  B) $225,000  C) $120,000.  D) Cannot be determined from the information given. 

28. Owners' equity in a business increases as a result of which of the following? 

A) Payments of cash to the owners. 
B) Losses from unprofitable operation of the business. 
C) Earnings from profitable operation of the business 
D) Borrowing from a commercial bank. 

29. Owners' equity in a business decreases as a result of which of the following? 

A) Investments of cash by the owners. 
B) Profits from operating the business. 
C) Losses from unprofitable operation of the business 
D) Repaying a loan to a commercial bank. 

30. To appear in a balance sheet of a business entity, an asset need not: 

A) Be an economic resource. B) Have a ready market value 
C) Be expected to benefit future operations.  D) Be owned by the business. 

31. A balance sheet: 

A) Provides owners, investors, and other interested parties with all the financial information they need
to evaluate the financial strength, profitability, and future prospects of a given business entity. 
B) Shows the current market value of the owners' equity in the business at the balance sheet date. 
C) Assists creditors in evaluating the debt-paying ability of a business by showing the assets and
liabilities of the business, plus the assets and liabilities of its owner (or owners). 
D) Shows the assets, liabilities, and owners' equity of a business entity, valued in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles 

32. Which of the following is correct if a company purchases equipment for $70,000 cash? 
A) Total assets will increase by $70,000.  B) Total assets will decrease by $70,000. 
C) Total assets will remain the same D) Total owners' equity will decrease. 

33. If a company purchases equipment for $65,000 by issuing a note payable: 

A) Total assets will increase by $65,000 B) Total assets will decrease by $65,000. 
C) Total assets will remain the same. D) Total owners' equity will decrease. 

34. If a company has a profit: 

A) Assets will be equal to liabilities plus owners' equity 
B) Assets will be less than liabilities plus owners' equity. 
C) Assets will be greater than liabilities plus owners' equity. 
D) Owners' equity will be greater than its assets. 

35. Capital stock represents: 

A) The amount invested in the business by stockholders when shares of stock were initially
issued by a corporation 
B) The owners' equity for a business organized as a corporation. 
C) The owners' equity accumulated through profitable operations that have not been paid out as
dividends. 
D) The price paid by the current owners to acquire shares of stock in the corporation, regardless of
whether they bought the shares directly from the corporation or from another stockholder. 

36. The balance sheet item that represents the portion of owners' equity resulting from profitable
operations of the business is: 
A) Accounts receivable.  B) Cash. 
C) Capital stock.  D) Retained earnings 

37. Retained earnings appears on: 

A) The income statements.  B) The balance sheets 
C) The statement of cash flows.  D) All three of the financial statements.