1) Fusion of two haploid cells, gametes or gamete nuclei to form a diploid zygote is:tion Statement c

A. Double fertilization on B. Parthenogenesis

C. Fertilization option D. Fragmentation option
2) Psilotum is the only species whose gametophyte contain b
A. Root hairs B. Vascular tissues
C. Red pigment D. Stem hairs
3) Asexual reproductive structure which develop into a new individual in bryophytes is: d
A. Elator B. Holdfast
C. Rhizoid D. Gammae cup
4) Male reproductive organ of Charophyta is: b
A. Nucule B. Globule
C. Funicule D. Basidium
5) Each aerial shoot of Tmesipteris exhibit ------------ dichotomy a
A. one B. two
C. three D. four
6) In Lycophytes, megaspore developed into A
A. Megagametophyte B. Microgametophyte
C. Spore D. Filament
7) Entire division of Lycophytes consists of ------------ genera c
A. two B. four
C. five D. six
8) Water bodies such as pond or lake that do not flow are called as: B
A. Lotic B. Lentic
C. Benths D. Plankton
9) A fungus containing symbiotic algae a
A. Lichen B. Moss
C. Liverwort D. Mycorrhiza
10) A single spore formed from the contents of a cell A
A. Monospore B. Haplospore
C. Tetraspore D. Zoospore
11) Scale-like outgrowth devoid of vascular tissues is known as C
A. Scale B. bract
C. enation D. leaf
12) Fungus component of lichen partnership A
A. Mycobiont B. Phycobiont
C. Haplobiont D. Diplobiont
13) Association between hyphae of a fungus and root of a plant is: C
A. Actimucetes B. Parasite
C. Mycorrhizae D. Bryophyte
14) Sexual reproduction involving the fusion of a large non-motile egg with a small motile sperm is: c
A. Anisogamy B. Isogamy
C. Oogamy D. Parthenogenesis
15) Number of orders in water ferns is B
A. one B. two
C. three D. four
16) Distinct metabolically active intracellular structure surrounded by one or more envelops and have its B
own genome is:
A. Contractile vacuole B. Organelle
C. Golgi body D. Pyrenoid
17) Organisms that obtain energy by absorbing and metabolising nutrients are: C
A. Heterotrophs B. Auxotrophs
C. Osmotrophs D. Phototrophs
18) The earliest known progymnosperms species with heterospory is C
 A. Psilotum B. Fern
C. Chauleria D. Tmesipteris
19) Pollen grain formation is a key feature which make water------------ for fertilization B
A. Necessary B. Un-necessary
C. Available D. non of them
20) Organism that lives on or inside the body of a different organism and obtains nutrients from it A
A. Parasite B. Auxotroph
C. Autotroph D. Myxotroph
21) A thallus comprised of unspecialized cells having the ability to grow in all planes is: A
A. Parenchymatous B. Trichomatous
C. Sclerophyllos D. Chlorophyllous
22) Complex carbohydrates found in the cell wall are: B
A. Middle lamella B. Pectin
C. Cuticle D. Waxes
23) In mosses the dominant generation is A
A. Gametophyte B. Sporophyte
C. Vegetative stage D. Adult stage
24) Mode of heterotrophic nutrition involving ingestion of particles D
A. Phototrophy B. Heterotrophy
C. Auxotrophy D. Phagotrophy
25) Organisms using light as a energy source and CO2 as principal carbon source C
A. Chemotrophs B. Heterotrophs
C. Photoautotroph D. Parasites
26) Movement of an organism towards the light source is called as: B
A. Chemotaxis B. Phototaxis
C. Fluorotaxis D. Phyllotaxy
27) Photoautotrophic component of lichen partnership is: A
A. Phycobiont B. Mycobiont
C. Photobiont D. Skotobiont
28) In Ferns the dominant generation is B
A. Gametophyte B. Sporophyte
C. Vegetative stage D. Adult stage
29) In Gymnosperms the dominant generation is B
A. Gametophyte B. Sporophyte
C. Vegetative stage D. Adult stage
30) Free floating microscopic organisms are popularly called as: D
A. Banthods B. Submerged
C. Epipsemmic D. Plankton
31) Fusion of protoplasts of two cells without fusion of nuclei C
A. Karyogamy B. Anisogamy
C. Plasmogamy D. Isogamya
32) Cytoplasmic, photosynthetic pigmented organelle or its non-photosynthetic derivative are called: A
A. Plastids B. Chromatids
C. Spores D. Plasmids
33) In Angiosperms the dominant generation is B
A. Gametophyte B. Sporophyte
C. Vegetative stage D. Adult stage
34) Cell or organism composed of cells lacking a membrane-bound nucleus, histones and organelles is A
called as:
A. Prokaryote B. Eukaryote
C. Mitochondrion D. Chloroplast
35) Filamentous or plate-like structure produced by germinating spore is: B
A. Holdfast B. Protonema
C. Rhizoid D. Capsule
36) Megasporangia produce megaspores that give rise to A
A. Female gametophyte B. Male gametphyte
C. Sporophyte D. Resting spore
37) Proteinaceous structure inside some plastids meant for starch formation is: A
A. Pyrenoid B. Inner membrane
C. Grana D. Stroma
38) Thick walled spores, which are resistant to extremes of environments are: C
A. Monospore B. Aplanospores
C. Resting spore D. Akinetes
39) Microsporangia produce megaspores that give rise to B
A. Female gametophyte B. Male gametphyte
C. Sporophyte D. Resting spore
40) A carotenoid unique to siphonaceous algae is: B
A. Violaxanthin B. Siphonoxanthin
C. Neoxanthin D. Zeaxanthin
41) Microorganisms capable of living and surviving in the soil is: C
A. Edaphophyte B. Epipsemmic
C. Soil-borne D. Mesophyte
42) Seed bearing plants which do not have flowers are known as B
A. Angiosperms B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes D. Bryophtyes
43) A resistant spore surrounded by a silicified wall formed in members of Chrysophyta is: D
A. Aplanospore B. Akinete
C. Polyspore D. Statospore
44) Seed bearing plants which flowers are known as A
A. Angiosperms B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes D. Bryophtyes
45) Gymnosperms have been originated about -------- million years ago B
A. 300 B. 319
C. 335 D. 355
46) In Gymnosperms leaves are C
A. Wide B. Oval shape
C. Needle like D. Round form
47) In Gymnosperms male cone is found at -------- of tree B
A. On top B. at bottom
C. in middle D. Equally distributes
48) Structure in which tetraspores are formed D
A. Carposporangium B. Antheridium
C. Archegonium D. Tetrasporangium
49) In Gymnosperms female cone is found at -------- of tree A
A. On top B. at bottom
C. in middle D. Equally distributes
50) Hard covering enclosing the protoplasm of cell e.g. in Bacillariophyta is: C
A. Silicalemma B. Plasmalemma
C. Theca D. Pectin
51) Organisms that can tolerate high temperature (45-65 C) is called as: A
A. Thermophilic B. Mesophillic
C. Non-thermic D. Halophillic
52) Aggregation of similar cells, which are structurally and functionally organized is: C
A. Colony B. Symbosis
C. Tissue D. Organ
53) A row of cells without the sheath (in Cyanophyta) is called as: D
A. Filament B. Colony
 C. Tissue D. Trichome
54) Sporangium composed of a single cell producing zoospore B
A. Unilocular sporangium B. Bilocular sporangium
C. Pleurilocular sporangium D. Monocarpic sporangium
55) A structure containing uredospores is called as: A
A. Telitium B. Soridium
C. Uredinium D. Basidium
56) In angiosperms, sporophyte generation is C
A. Haploid B. Diploid
C. Triploid D. Polyploid
57) In gymnosperms, gametophyte generation is B
A. Haploid B. Diploid
C. Triploid D. Polyploid
58) The order of gymnosperms which contain all the fossils A
A. Bennettitales B. Cycadales
C. Ginkgoales D. Coniferales
59) Which of the following order contain single species? A
A. Bennettitales B. Cycadales
C. Ginkgoales D. Coniferales
60) Which of the following order contains all the living forms? C

A. Bennettitales B. Cycadales
C. Ginkgoales D. Gnetales
61) In cycadales the stems are D
A. Dichotomously branched B. Simple branched
C. Unbranched D. Complex branching
62) The tallest tree belongs to C
A. Angiosperms B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes D. Bryophtyes
63) A flagellated asexual spore of algae is called as: B
A. Aplanospore B. Monospore
C. Zoospore D. Nanospore
64) Diploid nucleus or cell produced by the fusion of haploid cells and destined to develop into a new C
individual
A. Protonema B. Zygote
C. Aplanospore D. Haplospore
65) The oldest tree belongs to B
A. Angiosperms B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes D. Bryophtyes
66) Filamentous thallus showing differentiation into basal and erect more openly branched filaments on the C
substrate is called:
A. Creeping B. Undifferentiated
C. Heterotrichous D. Colony
67) Characteristic shape or appearance of an individual is known as: A
A. Habit B. Morphology
C. Development D. Growth
68) Number of species in Ephedra is B
A. 50 B. 65
C. 75 D. 82
69) Number of wild gymnosperm species in Pakistan is B
A. 15 B. 17
C. 25 D. 32
70) Basal portion of sporophyte in bryophytes that attached to the gametophyte is: B
A. Seta B. Foot
 C. Capsule D. Paraphysis
71) Whorl of petals is known as B
A. Calyx B. Corolla
C. Androecium D. Gynoecium
72) Whorl of petals is known as A
A. Calyx B. Corolla
C. Androecium D. Gynoecium
73) Pattern of arrangement of leaves on stem is called D
A. Stipule B. Adaxial
C. Abaxial D. Phyllotaxy
74) If leaf lamina is segmented into more than one plane then leaf is known as B
A. Simple leaf B. Compound leaf
C. Bract leaf D. Cauline leaf
75) Living organisms at organelle level of organization are A
A. a. Bacteria B. Lichens
C. Bryophytes D. Pteridophytes
76) Photosynthetic pigments that absorb light energy and transfer it to a reaction center of chlorophyll a: b
A. Primary pigments B. Accessory pigments
C. Water soluble pigments D. Tertiary pigments
77) A thick walled resting spore is called as: b
A. Zoospore B. Akinete
C. Aplanospore D. Heterospore
78) The protoctists comprising several groups that are simple in form, producing energy through C
photosynthesis and lack true tissue differentiation of the body are called:
A. Bacteria B. Viruses
C. Algae D. Pteriodophytes
79) Male sexual structure in algae, fungi and bryophytes is: A
A. Anthredium B. Archegonium
C. Soridium D. Coidium
80) Leaf like structures of the sporophyte that bear spores are called A
A. Sporophylls B. Sporophyte
C. Sporangium D. Heterospore
81) Union of two nuclei both derived from a single parent is called as: D
A. Heterogamy B. Polygamy
C. Multigamy D. Autogamy
82) Larger sporophylls are known as B
A. Microphylls B. Megaphylls
C. Aplanospore D. Zoospore
83) System of nomenclature introduced by Linnaeous, composed of two names; the first as genus and second B
the species is called as:
A. Mononomial B. Binomial
C. Trinomial D. Polynomial
84) Phenomenon of production of light by living organisms is: A
A. Bioluminescence B. Fluorescence
C. Phosphorescence D. None of the above
85) Yellow, orange or red light harvesting pigments soluble in organic solvents are: B
A. Chlorophylls B. Carotenoids
C. Phycocyanins D. Phycoerythnrin
86) Diploid spore produced in carposporangium in red algae are: C
A. Telitosprore B. Basidiospores
C. Carpospore D. Tetraspores
87) Larger sporophylls are known as A
A. Microphylls B. Megaphylls
 C. Aplanospore D. Zoospore
88) Pteridophytes were originated about -------------- million years ago C
A. a. 300 B. 370
C. 420 D. 420
89) Number of phyla in Pteridophyta is B
A. 2 B. 4
C. 6 D. 8
90) Multinucleate condition of the filament without cross walls is known as: A
A. Coenocytic B. Septate
C. Elongate D. Flattened
91) Psilopsida is a group of living plants comprising of --------- order A
A. one B. two
C. three D. four
92) Psilopsida is a group of living plants comprising of -------------- family A
A. one B. two
C. three D. four
93) Fusion of two non-flagellated gametes is called as: B
A. Heterogamy B. Conjugation
C. Parthenogenesis D. Budding
94) Psilopsida is a group of living plants comprising of -------------- genera B
A. One B. two
C. Three D. four
95) Hygroscopic cell or band usually attached to the spore e.g. in Bryophyta is called: A
A. Elator B. Venter
C. Paraphysis D. Spore
96) Colony of algal cells in a specific arrangement and number that does not increase once mature is: A
A. Coenobium B. Filamentous
C. Uniseriate D. Multiseriate
97) Plants inside another plant are called as: D
A. Exophytes B. Hydrophytes
C. Mesophytes D. Endophytes
98) Number of species is Psilotum is B
A. One B. two
C. Three D. four
99) Externally borne spore not necessarily resistant to adverse conditions is: C
A. Monospores B. Endospores
C. Exospores D. Polyspores
100) Gametophytes of Psilotum are B
A. long and branched B. Short and branched
C. short and unbranched D. long and unbranched
101) _________________are the region of cells capable of division and growth in plants C
A. Pith B. Medulla
C. Meristems D. Stroma
102) In trees and shrubs _______________ is responsible for increase in girth B
A. Apical meristems B. Lateral meristems

C. Intercallery meristems D. None of these

103) In the monocots ___________forms a protective tube around the emerging shoots B
A. Coleorhizae B. Coleoptile
C. Funicle D. Placentas
104) Primary growth in plants is brought about by the _____________________ A
A. Apical meristems B. Lateral meristems

C. Intercallery meristems D. None of these

105) ________________________forms between the xylem and phloem in vascular bundles A
A. Vascular cambium B. Cork cambium
C. Both a & b D. None
106) In plants, dermal system is composed of the ____________________ that forms the outer protective C
covering of the plant
A. Cortex B. Pith
C. Epidermis D. Endodermis
107) ___________is the outermost layer of apical meristem which develops into epidermis or epidermal tissue A
system
A. Protoderm B. Procambium
C. Pericycle D. Pith
108) Histogen theory was proposed by_______________________ B
A. ) Nagelli B. Henstein
C. Hafmeister D. Schuepp
109) Presence of casparian strips is characteristic of __________________ C
A. Cortex B. Pith
C. Endodermis D. Epidermis
110) The best method to determine the age of tree is __________________ B
A. to count the number of leaves B. to count the number of annual rings
C. to measure its diameter D. to find out the number of branches
111) Which of the following give rise to cork tissue? A
A. Phellogen B. Periblem
C. Periderm D. Phelloderm
112) Tunica corpus theory is connected with____________________ C
A. Root apex B. Root cap
C. Shoot apex D. Secondary growth
113) Cork cambium and vascular cambium are__________________________ C
A. parts of secondary xylem and phloem B. parts of pericycle

C. lateral meristem D. apical meristem

114) Organisation of stem apex into corpus and tunica is determined mainly by____________ A
A. planes of cell division B. regions of meristematic activity
C. rate of cell growth D. rate of shoot tip growth
115) What is true about a monocot leaf? C
A. Reticulate venation B. Absence of bulliform cells from epidermis
Mesophyll not differentiated into palisade
C. D. Well differentiated mesophyll
and spongy tissues
116) An organized and differentiated cellular structure having cytoplasm but no nucleus C
A. Vessels B. Xylem parenchyma
C. Sieve tubes D. Tracheids
117) Bordered pits are found in__________________ B
A. Sieve cells B. Vessel wall
C. Companion cells D. Sieve tube wall
118) Which of the following plant cells will show totipotency? C
A. sieve tubes B. xylem vessels
C. meristem D. cork cells
119) Sclerenchymatous bundle sheath is present in __________________ A
A. Grasses B. Mango
C. Jaman D. None of these
120) Vessels are found in__________________ B
A. all angiosperms and some gymnosperm B. most of angiosperms and few gymnosperms
C. all angiosperms, all gymnosperms and D. all pteridophyta
some pteridophyta
121) Diffuse porous woods are characteristic of plants growing in______________ D
 A. a) alpine region B. cold winter regions

C. temperature climate D. tropics

122) The combination of a dye and its mordant is called ________________ D
A. Gelatin B. Paraffin
C. Resin D. Lake
123) The _______________preferentially stains lignified cell walls A
A. Safranin B. Fast green
C. Sudan Black B D. None of these
124) Which of the following is complex tissue? C
A. Xylem B. Phloem
C. Both a & b D. None of these
125) Pith and cortex do not differentiate in_________________ A
A. a) Monocot stem B. Dicot stem
C. Monocot root D. Dicot root
126) Bordered pits are found in__________________ B
A. Sieve cells B. Vessel wall

C. Companion cells D. Sieve tube wall

127) A seed is a mature_________________ C
A. Female gametophyte B. Ovary
C. Ovule D. Ovulate cone
128) In hydrophytes like Eichorrnia, buoyancy is due to the presence of_______________ C
A. Collenchyma B. Sclerenchyma

C. Aerenchyma D. Phloem
129) ________________is a type of parenchyma where cells are elongated with tapering ends A
A. Prosenchyma B. Chlorenchyma
C. Sclerenchyma D. Aerenchyma
130) Death of protoplasm is a pre-requisite for a vital function like______________ A
A. transport of sap B. transport of food
C. absorption of water D. gaseous exchange
131) Sieve tubes are suited for translocation of food because they possess_________________ D
A. bordered pits B. no ends walls
C. no protoplasm D. broader lumen and perforated cross walls
132) Out of diffuse porous and ring porous woods, which is correct? C
A. ring porous wood, carries more water for B. diffuse porous wood carries more water
short period
C. ring porous wood carries more water when D. diffuse porous wood is less specialised but
need is higher conducts water rapidly throughout
133) Monocot leaves possess_______________ A
A. intercalary meristem B. lateral meristem
C. apical meristem D. mass meristem
134) Vascular cambium produces_________________ B
A. primary xylem and primary phloem B. secondary xylem and secondary phloem
C. primary xylem and secondary phloem D. secondary xylem and primary phloem
135) A bicollateral vascular bundle is characterized by D
A. phloem being sand-witched between B. transverse splitting of vascular bundle
xylem
C. longitudinal splitting of vascular bundle D. xylem being sand-witched between phloem
136) Abnormal/anomalous secondary growth occurs in_______________ A
A. Dracaena B. ginger
C. wheat D. sunflower
137) Which exposed wood will decay faster? A
 sapwood
A. B. softwood
C. wood with lot of fibres D. heartwood
138) Closed vascular bundles lack__________________ A
A. cambium B. Pith
C. Ground tissue D. Epidermis
139) Companion cells are closely associated with___________________ C
A. Trichomes B. Guard cells
C. Sieve elements D. Vessel elements
140) Placentation in tomato and lemon is D
A. Parietal B. Free central
C. Marginal D. Axile
141) Ground tissue includes A
All tissues except epidermis and vascular
A. B. All tissues external to endodermis
bundles
C. All tissues internal to endodermis D. Epidermis and cortex
142) The ladder-like lignin thickenings are _______________ B
A. a) reticulate B. Scalariform
C. Annular D. Spiral
143) The guard cells of stoma are_________________ D
A. irregular in shape B. convex in shape

C. long and cylindrical in shape D. kidney- shaped

144) There are extensive stomata on the upper surface of leaves in________________ C
A. Geophytes B. bryophytes
C. Hydrophytes D. xerophytes
145) The only gaps in the epidermis are due to the presence of__________________ A
A. stomata B. cortex
C. lignin D. pith
146) The pore, guard cell and subsidiary cell form_________________ B
A. stomatal apparatus B. stomatal complex
C. both a & b D. None of these
147) In _____________stomatal type, the stomata are surrounded by two subsidiary cells which are parallel A
to the longitudinal axis of pore and guard cells
A. a) paracytic B. diacytic
C. Aniocytic D. anomocytic
148) Parenchyma cells perform which of following functions? D
A. meristematic B. storage
C. Transport D. all of these
149) Fibers associated with the xylem elements are known as__________________ B
A. extraxylary fibers B. xylary fibers
C. both a & b D. None of these
150) Sclereids are sometimes called _________________cells B
A. hard B. Stone
C. soft D. Fiber
151) Bulliform cells are present in members of family___________________ c
A. Brassicaceae B. Myrtaceae
C. Poaceae D. Euphorbiaceae ption
152) Sunken stomata are present in_________________ B
A. hydrophytes B. xerophytes
C. mesophytes D. haleophtes
153) Shape of guard cells may be_______________ C
A. kidney shaped B. dumbbell shaped
C. both a & b D. None of these
154) ______________is not present in roots B
A. cortex B. medullary rays
C. endodermis D. Pith
155) The protosteles in which xylem is in the form of parallel plates is called______________ C
A. Haplostele B. actinostele
C. plectostele D. solenostele
156) Siphonostele types are common in__________________stems A
A. Fern B. mosses
C. rice D. none
157) _____________________stele is found in monocots A
A. Atectostele B. Dictyostele
C. Eustele D. Protostele
158) ______________________cavity is formed by the breakdown of inner protoxylem vessel and the nearby C
cells
A. Shizogenous B. Lysigenous
C. Shizolysigenous D. None
159) Conjunctive tissue forms __________________cambium B
A. Cork B. Vascular
C. Both a & b D. None
160) ____________ is the outermost layer of root with large number of hairs A
A. Epiblema B. Epidermis
C. Endodermis D. Trichomes
161) Presence of chloroplast is the characteristic of _____________________ C
A. Epidermis B. Endodermis
C. Guard cells D. Subsidiary cells
162) In dicots which type of stele is present? C
A. atactostele B. siphonostele
C. eustele D. both a & c
163) The leaves in which palisade layer is restricted to the upper side is_____________ A
A. Bifacial B. Isolateral
C. Centric D. None
164) Cortex is formed form________________ C
A. Plerome B. Dermatogen
C. Periblem D. None
165) The number of xylem or phloem bundles in monocot is from____________ A
A. 12 to 20 B. 15 to 20
C. 17 to 20 D. 12 to 30
166) Mucilaginous parenchyma are found in______________________ B
A. a) Palms B. Succulents
C. Grasses D. Rushes
167) Sudan Black-B is used to stain the_______________ C
A. Proteins B. Carbohydrates
C. Lipids D. All of these
168) Polysaccharide materials are often stained with___________________ A
A. Schiff reagent B. Gelatin
C. Sudan reagent D. Fast green
169) Which of the following is an embedding reagent? B
A. Schiff reagent B. Gelatin
C. Sudan reagent D. Fast green
170) Instrument used for sectioning is known as ______________________ C
A. Microscope B. Flame photometer
C. Microtome D. All of these
171) The Orange-G has an affinity for_______________________ tissues A
A. Lignified B. Non-lignified
 C. Both a & b D. None
172) __________________is a layer secreted between adjacent plant cells which "glues" plant cells together C
A. Primary wall B. Secondary wall
C. Middle lamella D. None
173) The main component of primary wall is _________________________ C
A. Pectin B. Cellulose
C. Hemicellulose D. All of these
174) Which one of the following is dermal tissue? D
A. a) Trichomes B. Glands
C. Root hairs D. All of these
175) The walls of dividing and growing cells are called ________________ A
A. Primary walls B. Secondary walls
C. Both a & b D. None
176) Secondary wall is composed of __________ layers B
A. 2 B. 3
C. 4 D. 5
177) Interruptions in the ________________are called pits B
A. Primary wall B. Secondary wall
C. Middle lamella D. None
178) Wood of conifers consists of __________________________ B
A. Vessels B. Tracheids
C. All of these D. None
179) __________________is a common plant adaptation to aquatic environments. B
A. Parenchyma B. Aerenchyma

C. Collenchyma D. Sclerenchyma
180) For the stomatal studies which stain is used? A
A. Safranine B. Fast green
C. Both a & b D. None
181) Anatomical adaptations involved in salt tolerance include D
A. Glands B. Sclerification
C. Succulence D. All of these
182) In _______________ roots, pericycle is multilayered and sclerenchymatous B
A. Eichorrnia B. Smila
C. Cyperus D. Cynodon
183) In roots, xylem is_________________________ A
A. Exarch B. Endarch
C. Both a & b D. None
184) In stem, xylem is_________________________ B
A. Exarch B. Endarch
C. Both a & b D. None
185) When xylem and phloem are present on the same radius then its known as__________ B
A. Radial B. Conjoint
C. Concentric D. All of these
186) Bicollateral vascular bundles are found in families___________________ C
A. Poaceae B. Myrtaceae
C. Solanaceae D. Euphorbiaceae
187) The term xylem was introduced by________________ A
A. Nagelli B. Schupp
C. Schiff D. Leuwenhook
188) Tracheids develop from ______________________ C
A. Early wood B. Late wood
C. Sapwood D. Heartwood
189) In______________________, albuminous cells are present in place of companion cells B
 A. Angiosperms B. Gymnosperm
C. Both a & b D. None
190) Epidermis is multilayered in_________________________plants B
A. Temperate B. Tropical
C. Both a & b D. None
191) Collenchyma occurs in the stem and petioles of_________________ C
A. xerophytes B. monocots
C. dicot herbs D. hydrophytes
192) Collenchyma occurs is______________________ C
A. herbaceous climbers B. woody climbers
C. climbing stems D. water plants
193) For union between stock and scion in grafting which one is the first to occur A
A. formation of callus B. production of plasmodesmata
C. differentiation of new vascular tissues D. regeneration of cortex and epidermis
194) Angular collenchyma occurs in A
A. Cucurbita B. Helianthus
C. Althaea D. Salvia
195) A narrow layer of thin walled cells found between phloem/bark and wood of a dicot is B
A. cork cambium B. vascular cambium
C. endodermis D. pericycle
196) Which of the following is not true about ‘sclereids’? A
A. these are groups of living cells B. these are found in nut shells, guava pulp, pear
C. these are also called stone cells D. these are form of sclerenchyma with fibres
197) In plants inulin and pectin are A
A. reserved material B. wastes
C. excretory material D. insect attracting material
198) Four radial vascular bundle are found in A
A. dicot root B. monocot root
C. dicot stem D. monocot stem
199) Axillary bud and terminal bud derived from the activity of C
A. lateral meristem B. intercalary meristem
C. apical meristem D. parenchyma
200) Diffuse porous woods are characteristic of plants growing in D
A. alpine region B. cold winter regions
C. temperate climate D. tropics
201) Immature vegetative or floral shoot or both, often covered by scales: A
A. Bud B. Flower
C. Fruit D. Seed
202) Matured ovule of seed plants. D
A. Bud B. Flower
C. Fruit D. Seed
203) Matured ovary of flowering plants, with or without accessory Parts C
A. Bud B. Seed Flower
C. Fruit D.
204) A usually low, soft, or coarse plant with annual aboveground stems D
A. Liana B. Shrub
C. Vine D. Herb
205) An immature shoot. A
A. Bud B. Flower
C. Fruit D. Seed
206) A pore in the bark. A
A. Lenticel B. Node
C. Leaf Scar D. Bud
207) A short shoot on which flowers and fruits or leaves are borne. A
A. Spur B. Scape
C. Sclerocauly D. None of these
208) System of plant taxonomy presents “taxonomic systems” used mostly in plant classification B
A. Adanson system B. Lindley system
C. de Jussieu system D. Linnaeus systems
209) Vegetation types in the Punjab can broadly be divided into: D
A. Indus Plain Region B. Upland Plateau
C. Mountainous Region D. All of these
210) Schools of Thought in Evolutionary Biology D
A. Classical Evolutionary B. Phenetic
C. Cladistic D. All of these
211) Comparison of ontogeny: D
A. Root development B. seed development
C. Biogeography D. embryo development
212) A character that is not much changed from the same character in an ancestral form is said to be primitive, D
and also:
A. synapomorphy B. symplesiomorphy
C. apomorphy D. plesiomorphy
213) Poaceae family is: A
A. Grass Family B. Orchid Family
C. Pine Family D. Legumes
214) some plants hybridize and are fertile, also known as: A
A. nothotaxa B. hybridtaxa
C. neotaxa D. athotaxa
215) relationships between plants and their evolution, especially at the higher levels B
A. Plant taxonomy B. plant systematics
C. plant evolutionary biology D. none of these
216) Salicaceae family is also called D
A. Pink Family B. Goosefoot Family
C. Caper family D. Willow Family
217) Inflorescence of family Cucurbitaceae is: A
A. Solitary B. cyathium
C. Catkin D. Spike
218) organisms are ranked and classified SOLELY on the basis of C
A. recency of common ancestry B. recency of shared ancestry
C. a&b D. none of these
219) Analogous characters are also called: A
A. homoplasies B. Anaplasies
C. a&b D. none of these
220) Chenopodiaceae family is also called B
A. Pink Family B. Goosefoot Family
C. Caper family D. Willow Family
221) A derived character shared between two or more taxa is known as a: B
A. symplesiomorphy B. synapomorphy
C. a&b D. none of these
222) A primitive character shared between two or more taxa is known as a: A
A. symplesiomorphy B. synapomorphy
C. a&b D. none of these
223) Following family is not an economically significant family: C
A. Chenopodiaceae B. Trochodendraceae
C. Magnoliaceae D. Ranunculaceae
224) Unlike most angiosperms, whose flower parts are in whorls (rings), the following family have their C
stamens and pistils in spirals on a conical receptacle:
 A. Chenopodiaceae B. Trochodendraceae
C. Magnoliaceae D. Ranunculaceae
225) Two living species of the following family have secondary xylem without vessel elements, which is A
quite rare in angiosperms
A. Trochodendraceae B. Chenopodiaceae
C. Ranunculaceae D. All of these
226) Ranunculaceae family is also called C
A. buttercup family B. crowfoot family
C. a&b D. none of these
227) Fruticose is: A
A. Shrubby B. Upright
C. a&b D. none of these
228) Fastigiate is: C
A. Shrubby B. Upright
C. Strictly erect and parallel D. none of these
229) Eramous is: D
A. Shrubby B. Upright
C. Strictly erect and parallel D. With unbranched stems.
230) Creeping or lying flat and rooting at the nodes D
A. Trailing B. Prostrate
C. Ramose D. Repent
231) Reclining or lying on the ground with the tips ascending A
A. Decumbent B. Prostrate
C. Ramose D. Repent
232) Wand-like; long, slender, and straight. C
A. Decumbent B. Prostrate
C. Virgate D. Repent
233) Small corm produced at base of parent corm. C
A. Culm B. Caudex
C. Cormel D. Cladode
234) A short, thick, vertical or branched perennial stem usually subterranean, or at ground level. B
A. Culm B. Caudex
C. Cormel D. Cladode
235) Flowering and fruiting stems of grasses and sedges. A
A. Culm B. Caudex
C. Cormel D. Cladode
236) Small corm produced at base of parent corm. C
A. Culm B. Caudex
C. Cormel D. Cladode
237) An over-wintering bud, as in Lemna A
A. Turion B. Tuber
C. Tiller D. Underground Stolon
238) A determinate, elongate, underground propagative stem with long internodes forming a bulb or tuber at D
the tip.
A. Turion B. Tuber
C. Tiller D. Underground Stolon
239) A grass shoot produced from the base of the stem C
A. Turion B. Tuber
C. Tiller D. Underground Stolon
240) A thick storage stem, usually not upright. B
A. Turion B. Tuber
C. Tiller D. Underground Stolon
241) Annual rings with vessels or pores more or less evenly distributed C
 A. Ring Porous Wood B. Non-porous Wood
C. Diffuse Porous Wood D. None of these
242) Annual rings with vessels or pores usually in the spring wood, in a well defined circular band A
A. Ring Porous Wood B. Non-porous Wood
C. Diffuse Porous Wood D. None of these
243) Annual rings with tracheids only, no vessels produced in spring or summer wood. B
A. Ring Porous Wood B. Non-porous Wood
C. Diffuse Porous Wood D. None of these
244) Apical growing or meristematic tissue that gives rise to other bud parts. D
A. Scale B. Primordium
C. Bud Primordium D. Promeristem
245) Protective leaf on outside of bud. A
A. Scale (b) (c) (d) B. Leaf Primordium
C. Bud Primordium D. Promeristem
246) Axillary bud surrounded by base of petiole. C
A. Infrapetiolar B. Subpetiolar
C. a&b D. none of these
247) Bud appearing apical but is lateral near apex, developing with death or nondevelopment of terminal bud C
A. Infrapetiolar B. Subpetiolar
C. Pseudo-terminal D. none of these
248) The main axis of a pinnately compound leaf. D
A. Rachilla B. Ligule
C. Stipels D. Rachis
249) An outgrowth or projection from the top of the sheath, as in the Poaceae B
A. Rachilla B. Ligule
C. Stipels D. Rachis
250) Paired scales, spines, glands, or blade-like structures at the base of a petiole C
A. Rachilla B. Ligule
C. Stipules D. Rachis
251) Flowers with radial symmetry and parts arranged at one level; with definite numbers of parts and size A
A. Actinomorphic B. Paleomorphic
C. Zygomorphic D. Haplomorphic
252) Flowers with bilateral symmetry; parts usually reduced in number and irregular C
A. Actinomorphic B. Paleomorphic
C. Zygomorphic D. Haplomorphic
253) Actinomorphic with numbers of parts reduced B
A. Actinomorphic B. Paleomorphic
C. Zygomorphic D. Haplomorphic
254) Sterile stamen, may be modified as a nectary or petaloid structure A
A. Staminodium B. Staminal Disc
C. Male sporophyll D. none of these
255) With fused stamens and carpels (stigma and style) as in the Orchidaceae C
A. Gynostemial B. Gynandrial
C. Both a and b D. none of these
256) With filaments fused to corolla, anthers free. C
A. Gynostemial B. Gynandrial
C. Petalostemonous D. none of these
257) With several groups of stamens connate by their filaments. D
A. Gynostemial B. Gynandrial
C. Petalostemonous D. Polydelphous
258) With filaments fused to corolla, anthers free. A
A. Petalostemonou B. Gynandrial
C. Petalostemonous D. Polydelphous
259) Anther attached dorsally and medially to apex of filament. A
A. Dorsifixed B. Subbasifixed
C. Basifixed. D. none of these
260) Anther attached near its base to apex of filament B
A. Dorsifixed B. Subbasifixed
C. Basifixed. D. none of these
261) Anther attached at its base to apex of filament. C
A. Dorsifixed B. Subbasifixed
C. Basifixed. D. none of these
262) Outermost layer of pericarp C
A. Ectocarp B. Exocarp
C. Both a and b D. none of these
263) Floral axis extension between adjacent carpels, as in the Apiaceae. D
A. Ectocarp B. Exocarp
C. Mericarp D. Carpophore
264) A portion of fruit that seemingly matured as a separate fruit. C
A. Ectocarp B. Exocarp
C. Mericarp D. Carpophore
265) Persistent septum after dehiscence of fruits, as in the Brassicaceae. A
A. Replum B. Exocarp
C. Mericarp D. Carpophore
266) A persistent indurated, hook-like funiculus in the fruits of Acanthaceae B
A. Replum B. Retinaculum
C. Mericarp D. Carpophore
267) An achene derived from a one-loculed, inferior ovary. A
A. Cypsela B. Achene
C. Caryopsis D. Balausta
268) Many-seeded, many- loculed indehiscent fruit with a tough, leathery pericarp, as in Punica D
A. Cypsela B. Achene
C. Caryopsis D. Balausta
269) A one-seeded, dry, indehiscent fruit with seed attached to fruit wall at one point only, derived from a one- B
loculed superior ovary.
A. Cypsela B. Achene
C. Caryopsis D. Balausta
270) A hard one-loculed dry fruit derived from an inferior ovary, as in Quercus. D
A. Cypsela B. Achene
C. Caryopsis D. Calybium
271) Fruits on a common axis that are usually coalesced and derived from the ovaries of several flowers, as in a
Morus
A. Sorosis B. Bibacca
C. Etaerio D. Syconium
272) Fruits derived from simple or compound ovaries and some non-ovarian tissues A
A. Accessory Fruit Types B. Multiple Fruit Types
C. Aggregate Fruit Types D. Conocarpium
273) ___________taxonomy was a system of grouping unrelated plant species by a common criteria B
A. Natural B. Artificial
C. evolutionary taxonomy D. none of these
274) :___________classification reflects evolutionary relationships A
A. Natural B. Artificial
C. evolutionary taxonomy D. none of these
275) Method of classifying plants based on a limited number of their physical and sexual characteristics B
A. Natural B. Artificial
C. evolutionary taxonomy D. none of these
276) Plants that perform their entire life cycle from seed to flower to seed within a single growing season D
 A. Annual/Perennial B. Biennials
C. Perennials D. Annuals
277) A plant can behave as an annual or a perennial depending on local climatic and geographic growing A
conditions
A. Annual/Perennial B. Biennials
C. Perennials D. Annuals
278) Plants which require two years to complete their life cycle. D
A. Annual/Perennial B. Biennials
C. Perennials D. Annuals
279) This family have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are found everywhere except Antarctica and the D
extreme Arctic
A. Chenopodiaceae B. Asteraceae
C. Magnoliaceae D. Ranunculaceae
280) Family name, Compositae, comes from the fact that what appears to be a single flower, is actually a A
A. composite of smaller flowers B. composite of single flowers
C. composite of many flowers D. none of these
281) The older family name, of family Asteraceae is: b
A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Magnoliaceae D. Ranunculaceae
282) The cluster of flowers that may appear to be a single flower, is called a B
A. composit B. head
C. rays D. star
283) Euphorbiaceae family is: A
A. spurge family B. Orchid Family
C. Pine Family D. Legumes
284) some Euphorbiaceae family members are succulent and resemble cacti because of A
A. convergent evolution B. divergent evolution
C. coevolution D. none of these
285) Lamiaceae family is: D
A. Labiatae B. mint
C. deadnettle D. all of these
286) In family ______________flowers typically have petals fused into an upper lip and a lower lip C
A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Lamiaceae D. Ranunculaceae
287) The seeds bear a u-shaped line (pleurogram) in family: C
A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Fabaceae D. Ranunculaceae
288) The Cyperaceae are a family of monocotyledonous graminoid flowering plants known as B
A. grasses B. sedges
C. rushes D. none of these
289) Features distinguishing members of the sedge family from grasses or rushes are stems with D
A. quadangular B. hexagonal
C. pentagonal D. triangular
290) Features distinguishing members of the sedge family from grasses or rushes are leaves that are A
A. spirally arranged in three ranks B. alternate in three ranks
C. alternate arranged in five ranks D. spirally arranged in many ranks
291) Grasses have : B
A. alternate leaves in one ranks B. alternate leaves in two ranks
C. alternate leaves in five ranks D. alternate leaves in many ranks
292) The stems are usually 3-angled and solid in family D

A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Fabaceae D. Cyperaceae
293) The fruit is a peculiar kind of capsule named siliqua in family: D
 A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Fabaceae D. Brassicaceae
294) A close relationship between Brassicaceae and Capparaceae, because members of both groups produce: A
A. glucosinolate B. glucoside
C. Asparticacis D. salicylic acid
295) Which family is characterized by commonly having 5-angled stems and coiled tendrils D
A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Fabaceae D. Cucurbitaceae
296) The fruit is a type of berry called a pepo in family C

A. Chenopodiaceae B. Compositae
C. Cucurbitaceae D. Fabaceae
297) Cotton is the only member of this family with documented poisonous properties. B

A. Chenopodiaceae B. Malvaceae
C. Cucurbitaceae D. Fabaceae
298) Flower: K3-5 Co5 S∞ P (5-8) B

A. Chenopodiaceae B. Malvaceae
C. Cucurbitaceae D. Fabaceae
299) Sugar beet is source of sugar. About sugar of the world is extracted from sugar beet A

A. 1/3 B. 1/4
C. 1/2 D. 1/7
300) Quinoa seed is sold as a hot cereal at many health food stores; it comes from a species of A
A. Chenopodium B. Suaeda
C. Kochia D. Suaeda
301) Which of the following is not an igneous rock b
A. Granite B. Slate
C. option Basalt D. None of these
302) Which of the following component of environment is static D
A. Lithosphere B. Hydrosphere
C. Atmosphere D. None of these
303) The sphere of life on earth D
A. Ecosphere B. Lifosphere
C. Geosphere D. Biosphere
304) The layer of land following the earth surface A
A. Lithosphere B. Hydrosphere
C. Atmosphere D. Biosphere
305) The coolest layer of atmosphere. D
A. Thermosphere B. Troposphere
C. Stratosphere D. Mesosphere
306) . Oligotrophic lakes have good-------- C
A. Nutrient status B. Biodiversity
C. Water quality D. Both A & B
307) The pollution caused by plastic bags are an example of C
A. PIPs B. Primary pollutant
C. POPs D. NIPS
308) Fungicides are taken up and redistributed through the xylem vessels to the upper parts of the plant. C
A. Systemic B. Contact
C. Translaminar D. All of these
309) The fixation of atmospheric CO2 into wood D
A. Quenching B. Requisitioning
 C. Obstaculation D. Sequestration
310) Which of the following nutrient is lost through volatilization if soil temperature exceeds 25 oC B
A. P B. N
C. Na D. K
311) Which of the following is an example of fog desert B
A. Sonora B. Naimb
C. Gobi D. Sahara
312) The permanent clearing of forests from land surface A
A. Deforestation B. Reforestation
C. Noforestation D. Afforestation
313) According to the UNESCO definition, extreme deserts are classified with D value of D
A. >1 B. ≥ 3.4
C. ≤10 D. ≥ 10
314) The average rainfall in hyper-arid region is C
A. 250-500 mm/year B. 100-250 mm/year
C. <100 mm/year D. >1000 mm/year
315) Thal desert is located in D
A. Balochistan B. KP
C. Sindh D. Punjab
316) The movement of soil particles of size less tha 1.0 to 1.0 mm by wind is called D
A. Siltation B. Salinization
C. Seltation D. Saltation
317) Strip cropping is practiced on the slopes with the slope greater than B
A. >1.5 degree B. > 15 degree
C. <15 degree D. >25 degree
318) In wind erosion, a particle of size 15 mm is likely to move by b
A. Siltation B. Surface creep
C. Suspension D. Plucking
319) Deeper and wider channels cut by running water streams in more uneven areas with moderate slope A
A. Gullies B. Rills
C. Banks D. Waterfall
320) Trees plantation along with shrubs in one to ten parallel rows B
A. Shelter belts B. Wind breaks
C. Wind throws D. Strip breaks
321) After harvesting of crops for one or few years, land is left without any crop for a few years during C
which it regains its fertility by natural processes.
A. Crop Rotation B. Sheet flow
C. Fallowing D. None of these
322) Splash Erosion is a type of ------------ A
A. Water erosion B. Wind erosion
C. Glacial erosion D. None of these
323) A horizontal shelf or bench on the side of a hill or on sloping ground A
A. Terracing B. Basin Listing
C. Leveling D. None of these
324) Soil erosion due to water can be controlled by mechanical methods which include---------- D
A. Pan Breaking B. Leveling
C. Terracing D. All of these
325) The CV of some grasses like Saccharum munja and Cynodon dactylon is B
A. 0 B. 90-97%
C. 1 D. 30-50%
326) The wetland having acidic, peaty soil with the soil too soft to support heavy objects like trees D
A. Fens B. Marshes
C. Swamps D. Bogs
327) Wetland are often located as ………. between the two ecosystems A
 A. Ecotones B. Marginal lands
C. Watelands D. Barren lands
328) A wetland essentially without trees, associated with flowing water and highly productive in nature B
A. Fens B. Marshes
C. Swamps D. Bogs
329) A system also called as “Biological Supermarkets” because of the extensive food chain and rich in D
biodiversity
A. Rangelands B. Grasslands
C. Forests D. Wetlands
330) Which of the followings is not a Wetland A
A. Dune B. Lake

C. Pothole D. Pond
331) The term "telmatology" describes the study of D
A. Deserts B. Forests
C. Environment D. Wetlands
332) Very cold areas in Arctic regions or meadows at high elevations. D
A. Leys B. Grassland
C. Wetlands D. Tundra
333) A rainfall range of 25 to 75 cm/year supports---------. D
A. Pastures B. Tundra
C. Wetlands D. Grasslands
334) An areas where the rainfall is either too low or too variable for dryland crop production. A
A. Rangelands B. Wetlands
C. Farmlands D. All of these
335) The average area covered by rangelands in Punjab Province, Pakistan D
A. 4.9 million ha B. 28.5 million ha
C. 12.6 m million D. 5.8 million ha
336) Surface waterlogging is caused when pans are formed below B
A. A horizon B. B Horizon
C. O Horizon D. R Layer
337) A condition characterized by continuous flooding. A
A. Wetland B. Grassland
C. Tundra D. None of these
338) Sorghum plant, being able to tolerate a wide range of salinity, may be classified as A
A. Euryhaline B. Hyper-saline
C. Stenohaline D. Hypo-saline
339) The current level of CO2 in atmosphere is approximately D
A. 250 ppm B. 300 ppm
C. 350 ppm D. 410 ppm
340) Reconstruction of the previous communities from historic data A
A. Paleo-climatology B. Eco-climatology
C. Pedology D. Morphology
341) Eutrophic Lakes are rich in A
A. Nutrients B. Toxins
C. Oxygen D. CFCs
342) The largest dessert on the earth is C
A. Gobi B. Arctic
C. Antarctic D. Sahara
343) High concentration of plant nutrients can cause ………of water bodies A
A. Eutrophication B. Plant growth
C. Pollution D. Good effects
344) Unit of electrical conductivity is B
A. ECe B. dM/m
 C. m/dM D. None of these
345) The coldest layer of the atmosphere is B
A. Stratosphere B. Mesosphere
C. Thermosphere D. Troposphere
346) Where water bodies have the lowest level of biological productivity B
A. Oligotrophic B. Mesotrophic
C. Eutrophic D. Hyper-eutrophic
347) Which is the example of metamorphic rock B
A. Lime stone B. Marble
C. Sand stone D. Granite
348) Which is the primary air pollutant D
A. Carbon mono-oxide B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen D. All of these
349) Secondary air pollutant is A
A. Ozone B. Nitrogen
C. Carbon dioxide D. Carbon monoxide
350) Specific gravity of cadmium is B
A. 7.65 B. 8.65
C. 8.85 D. 8.34
351) A plant growing in a plastic bottle containing nutrient solution is an example of
A. Non-circulating B. Ebb and flow
C. Run to waste D. Fogponics
352) A soil with 90% silt, 5% clay and 5% sand is classified as
A. Sandy B. Clay-Loam
C. Loam D. Silty
353) Expanded clay aggregates are
A. Triangular B. Spherical
C. Irregular D. Square
354) Soil with higher base saturation is considered as:
A. Infertile B. Fertile
C. Acidic D. Silty soil
355) The ECe of normal soil is
A. <2 B. >2
C. < 0.5 D. > 32
356) Total number of negatively charged exchangeable sites on clay mineral is its
A. Exchangeable acidity B. Cation exchange capacity
C. Percent base saturation D. Isomorphic substitution
357) Which of the following aspects is NOT the function of artificial growing media
A. Aeration B. Unrestricted root growth
C. Nutrient supply D. Support
358) Which of the following is a biological growing media?
A. Brick Shard B. Soil
C. Sand D. Rice Husk
359) Aeroponic growth refers
A. Air culture B. Land culture
C. Rotary D. None
360) All method of growing plants with nutrients solutions are known as :
A. Aeroponic B. Hydroponics
C. Fogponics D. Ebb & flow
361) Any material which is suitable for plant growth is
A. Growing medium B. Non growing medium
C. Artificial medium D. None of above
362) The pH of sand and peat are:
 A. Acidic B. Neutral
C. Basic D. Slightly basic
363) 1 bar is equal to
A. 14.2 pounds B. 14.5 pounds
C. 13.4 pounds D. 13.8 pounds
364) A thermocouple psychrometer works on the principle of
A. Beer's Law B. Scholander law
C. Chardakov law D. Peltier Effect
365) As the solute concentration increase, the value of osmotic potential become
A. Positive B. Negative
C. Neutral D. Zero
366) In roots, cortex and endodermis are separated by
A. Casparian strips B. Plasmodesmata
C. Plasma membrane D. Epithelium
367) Gravitational potential is always
A. Positive B. Highly negative
C. Negative and negligible D. None of these
368) In symplastic path way water moves through
A. Plasmodesmata B. Vacuole
C. Cell wall D. Xylem
369) Matric potential is negligible at
A. At high tissue hydration B. Cell water below 60%
C. At low tissue hydration D. Cell water below 40 %
370) Mature cell cytoplasm contain water
A. 2-4% B. 3-7%
C. 5-10% D. 6-12%
371) Plasmolytic method is used to measure
A. Osmotic potential B. Turgor pressure
C. Matric potential D. Gravitational method
372) Psuchron is a Greek words meaning
A. To Measure B. Pressure
C. Cold D. Sugar
373) The connections between the adjoining cells are
A. Plasmid B. Plasmolysis
C. Plasmodesmata D. Plasma lemma
374) The movement of water through cell wall is
A. Symplastic pathway B. Apoplastic pathway
C. Translaminar pathway D. Both A and C
375) Value of water potential is zero when the cell is
A. Flaccid B. Shrink
C. Negative D. More negative
376) Pressure Chamber method was first introduced by A
A. Henry Dixon B. San Diego
C. Trinity D. P. Scholander
377) Water potential can be measured by D
A. ) Pressure probe B. Indirect method
C. Volume method D. Plasmolytic method
378) An IRGA is B
A. InfRa Gas Analyzer B. Infra-Red Geometric Analyzer
C. Infra-Red Gas Acquitter D. Infra-Red Gas Analyzer
379) Chlorophyll b is more soluble than chlorophyll a in polar solvent because of its B
A. Carbonyl group B. Hydrogen bound
C. Hydroxyl group D. None of these
380) Ci/Ca ratio obtained by dividing the value of Ci by A
A. H-bonding B. A/Pn
C. Ambient Carbon dioxide concentration D. Ci
381) The partial pressures of CO2 in intra cellular spaces is B
A. Ci B. CO
C. CO2i D. Ca
382) Transpiration ratio is reciprocal of C
A. Stomatal conductance B. Ci ratio
C. Evaporation D. WUE
383) Which of the following groups is likely to have the highest water use efficiency D
A. C3 B. C4
C. CAM D. C5
384) Carotenoids are estimated according to the method of A
A. Arn B. Davis
C. Scholander D. Hoagland
385) . Chl b occurs in B
A. Higher plants B. Cyanobacteria
C. Brown algae D. Diatoms
386) Greek word khloros mean A
A. Pale blue B. Pale yellow
C. Pale green D. Pale brown
387) Leaf chlorophyll absorbs A
A. Red light B. Infrared light
C. A and B D. None of these
388) The carbonyl group is found in chlorophyll B
A. C B. A
C. B D. Both (b) and c
389) The reaction center
A. P680 and P700 B. P480 and P600
C. P600 and P780 D. P280 and P400
390) The reflectance of Chlorophyll a is in D
A. Violet-blue B. Green /yellow
C. Orange-red light D. Both (a) and (c)
391) . For the detection of Alkaloids, the typical GC column temperature is B
A. 200 oC B. 450 oC
C. 350 oC D. 250 oC
392) In normal phase chromatography, molecules are separated according to their A
A. Decreasing polarity B. Hydrophobic-Interaction
C. Hydrophilic-Interaction D. Increasing polarity
393) Eosin y is used for staining C
A. Cytoplasm B. Cell walls
C. Mitochondria D. Chromosomes
394) Microtome is used for sample A
A. Flame photometry B. Section cutting
C. Electrophoresis D. Blotting
395) Basic fixation images is used for studies of A
A. Mitochondrial B. Cytoplasmic
C. Chromatin D. Both a and b
396) Infiltration means: C
A. Removal of xylol B. Dehydration
C. Clearing D. Removal of wax
397) In flame photometer the elements are detected by A
A. Flame heat B. Flame color
 C. Flame size D. Flame intensity
398) Spectrometry is a technique that measure the----of electromagnetic radiation C
A. Wavelength B. Length
C. Wirth D. Diameter
399) The spectroscopy technique use to measure the: C
A. Temperature B. Concentration
C. Pressure D. volume
400) . Automizer is the part of B
A. Optical atomic Refractors B. Visible spectrometer
C. Atomic absorption spectrometer D. UV spectrometer
401) . The natural residence of every organism is known as: B
A. Biome B. Niche
C. Habit D. Habitat
402) What is the name of the feature that allows organisms to survive in the conditions of its habitat? 401) B
A. Adjustment B. Adaptation
C. Acclimatisation D. Adaptive variation
403) Shelford’s law of tolerance is named after: C
A. James Shelford B. Jacob Shelford
C. Ernest Shelford D. None of these
404) Shelford’s law of tolerance suggests that organisms with a wide tolerance limit for environmental factors B
show:
A. Narrow distribution with low population B. Wide distribution with high population
C. Wide distribution with high population D. Narrow distribution with high population
405) Wide variety of living organisms is called: A
A. Biodiversity B. Population
C. Habitat D. Diversity
406) Animal adopt a similar state like sleep to reduce their metabolic rate, it is called: C
A. Migration B. Transpiration
C. Hibernating D. None of these
407) Hyenas and Vultures are ________________. B
A. Omnivorous B. Scavengers
C. Carnivorous D. Herbivorous
408) A mutual relationship between two organisms, where both of them are benefitting from watch other is A
called:
A. Mutualism B. Symbiosis
C. Parasitism D. Food chain
409) Which is not a feature of heliophyte among the following? A
A. Stem with long internodes B. Numerous rootlets
C. Long lateral roots D. Vigorous fruiting and flowering
410) Which of the following is not a feature of ‘r’ selected species? D
A. Reproduce quickly B. The low survival rate of progenies
C. Reproduce a large number of progenies D. Paternal care
411) The term ecosystem was proposed by ________________. B
A. Lindeman B. Tansley
C. Grinnel D. Turesson
412) What is the percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide exists in the ecosystem? B
A. 20.95% and 0.004% B. 20.95% and 0.04%
C. 20.0% and 0.40% D. 20.0% and 0.44%
413) Which of the following is the smallest artificial ecosystem that has sustained for a long period? B
A. Folsom pond B. Folsom bottle
C. Folsom stream D. None of these
414) ________ group of species exploits the biotic and abiotic resources in the same way. D
A. Community B. Ecads
C. Biomes D. Guild
415) Which is/are the abiotic components of an ecosystem? D
A. Soil B. Protein
C. Carbon D. All of the above
416) The set of ecosystems is called ______________. C
A. Atmosphere B. Hydrosphere
C. Biosphere D. None of the above
417) Acid rain is a result of: C
A. Excess amount CO₂ B. Excess amount of NH₃
C. Excess amount of SO₂ and NO₂ D. Excess carbon monoxide
418) The greenhouse effect in the atmosphere is produced due to: A
A. Absorption and re-emission of infrared B. Absorption and re-emission of ultraviolet
radiation by the atmosphere radiation by the atmosphere
C. Absorption and re-emission of visible light D. Absorption and re-emission of visible light by
by the atmosphere clouds
419) The result of acid disposition is: A
A. Dying forests and lakes B. Acid indigestion in humans
C. Greenhouse effect lessens D. All of these
420) The reason of soil pollution is ________________. D
A. Ozone B. Aerosol
C. PAN D. Acid rain
421) The force that initiates evolution is ______ A
A. Variation B. Mutation
C. Extinction D. Adaptation
422) ___________ is a vestigial organ C
A. Intestinal villi B. Papillae
C. Vermiform appendi D. None of the above
423) The earliest geological time period among the following is _______ A
A. Cambrian B. Permian
C. Jurassic D. Quaternary
424) The experiment that simulated conditions thought to be present on the early earth. C
A. Hershey–Chase experiment B. Geiger–Marsden experiment
C. Miller–Urey experiment D. Schiehallion experiment
425) Example of a homologous organ A
A. The arm of a human, wing of a bird B. Wing of an insect, wing of a bird
C. Leg of a dog, leg of a spider D. None of the above
426) Primordial soup is a set of hypothetical conditions on ancient earth first proposed by______. B
A. Dmitri Ivanovsky B. Alexander Oparin
C. Dmitry Anuchin D. Nikolay Shatsky
427) Which condition can be explained by Lamarckism? D
A. How giraffes got their long neck B. How humans lost their tail
C. How humans became bipedal D. All of the above
428) Observation of species on ___________ heavily inspired Darwin’s theory of evolution. D
A. Ilha da Queimada Grande B. Guatemala
C. Faroe Islands D. Galapagos Islands
429) _____________ was considered as a missing link between reptiles and birds. A
A. Archaeopteryx B. Pteranodon
C. Avimimus D. Caudipteryx
430) The oldest mineral discovered so far was __________, which dates back to 4.4 billion years. B
A. Iron B. Zircon
C. Cadmium D. Silicon
431) Pidgeon, platypus and panda are _______ A
A. Homeothermic B. Poikilothermic
C. Hyperthermic D. None of the above
432) The last common ancestor of humans is A
 A. Pan troglodytes B. Homo neanderthalensis
C. Lemuroidea D. Dromaeosaurus
433) An example of convergent evolution is A
A. Wing of Hawkmoths, the wing of hawks B. Teeth of domestic dog, teeth of a wolf
C. Wings of Geospiza magnirostris, wings of D. None of the above
Geospiza fortis
434) On the Origin of Species was written by ______ A
A. Charles Darwin B. Ludmila Kuprianova
C. Mikhail A. Fedonkin D. None of the above
435) When did dinosaurs die off? B
A. 105.1 million years ago B. 65.5 million years ago
C. 75.5 million years ago D. None of the above
436) Scientist estimate the age of earth or fossils by studying of_________. B
A. Sedimentary rocks B. Isotopes
C. Epochs D. Fossils
437) Who stated that fossils are not related to modern organism but they are from previous era. A
A. Charles bonnet B. Charles darwin
C. Lamark D. Carlous linnaeous
438) Who wrote an assay on population growth? C
A. Charles Lyell B. James hutton
C. Malthus D. Charles bonnet
439) When hybrid is viable but their adults are sterile known as___________. C
A. A. Haybrid viability B. Haybrid inviability
C. Haybrid sterility D. Haybrid breakdown
440) Which one is a polygeneic trait? D
A. Frickles B. Dimples
C. Taste ptc D. Height
441) The group of subpopulations remains within the habitat of an original population but enters a different C
niche.
A. Allopatric speciation B. Sympatric speciation
C. Parapatric speciation D. Peripatric speciation
442) Mimicry in butterflies or insects is an example of_________________. A
A. Convergent evolution B. Divergent evolution
C. Microevolution D. Macroevolution
443) Wings of all flying animals looks very similar because of________________. A
A. Law of aerodynamics B. Homologous structure
C. Analogous structure D. Vestigious structure
444) The term coevolution was coined by Ehrlich and Raven in___________. B
A. Ninteen sixy five B. Ninteen sixy four
C. Ninteen sixty three D. Ninteen seventy three
445) Didelphus pretend which type of mimicry. B
A. Protective B. Concious
C. Mullerian D. Automimicry
446) In which type of evolution natural selection develop analogous features in different species. D
A. Coevolution B. parallel evolution
C. Divergent evolution D. Convergent evolution
447) Compression of thick accumulation of plant debris consists of __________. D
A. Peat B. Lignite
C. Coal D. All of these
448) __________are the largest spanning time periods. C
A. Eras B. Epochs
C. Eons D. Periods
449) __________are the simple conducting cells of water and minerals. B
A. Leptoids B. Hydroids
 C. Rhizoids D. None of these
450) __________is the superb preservation of the plant and animal material. B
A. Aglaophyton B. Rhynie chert
C. Geological time scale D. None of these
451) Eurypterus is the state fossil of ___________. A
A. New york B. Aberdeenshire
C. Scotland D. Brazile
452) First globally successful group of plant on earth. B
A. Rhyniophytes B. Lycophytes
C. Euphyllophytes D. None of these
453) True roots evolve for the first time in group. C
A. Rhyniophytes B. Lycophytes
C. Zoosterophylls D. Club mosses
454) Which group of plants have evolved prickles on stem? C
A. Rhyniophytes B. Club moss
C. Zoosterophyllopsida D. Anthoceropsida
455) Which group of plants had extinct calamites. C
A. Horse tails B. Ferns
C. Drepanophyte D. Spike moss
456) Connecting axis between dichotomies are known as___________. B
A. Telome B. Mesome
C. Telome truss D. Sterile telome
457) Which one is monocarpic plant. A
A. Agave americana B. Rosa chinensis
C. Tecoma stans D. Calotropis procera
458) __________is the first discovered tree fern on earth. B
A. Calamites B. Psaronius
C. Garden fern D. Eospermatopteris
459) An evidence of previous life, either direct or indirect known as __________. A
A. Fossils B. Evolution
C. Coevolution D. None of these
460) Direct fossils evidence provided information about________________. D
A. Morphology B. Anatomy
C. Ultra structure D. All of these
461) __________are the plant parts thats have suffered the physical deformation. B
A. Impression B. Compression
C. Cast D. Mold
462) Number of eons have been evolved in history of earth. B
A. Five B. Four
C. Six D. Three
463) __________is the periode in which diversification of land has been occurred. A
A. Silurian B. Ordovician
C. Cambrian D. Permian
464) Unequal branching that creats a upright stature of branches. C
A. Isotomous B. Anisotomous
C. Pseudomonopodial D. All of these
465) Telome theory was proposed by_______________. A
A. Walter zimmermann B. Charles darwin
C. John ray D. Gregor Mendel
466) Modern ferns are known as the___________. A
A. Polypodiidae B. Calamites
C. Horsetail D. Psilophyton
467) __________is the first discovered tree on the earth. D
 A. Calamites B. Psaronius
C. Garden fern D. Eospermatopteris
468) Range of air borne pollen grain is__________. D
A. 100 to 200um B. 25 to 49um
C. More than 200um D. 10 to 80um
469) Pollen shapes were classified on the basis of_____________. C
A. Polar axis B. Equitorial diameter
C. Polar axis and equitorial diameter D. Proximal axis
470) First cell of gametophyte generation is________________. C
A. Microspore B. Megaspore
C. Spore D. Oospore
471) Pollens having ill-defined pores in their polar region known as______________. D
A. Sulcate B. Zonosulcate
C. Culpate D. Ulcerate
472) When exine of pollen grain raised in the form of ridges such structure known as___________. B
A. Saccus B. Lophae
C. Tectum D. Collumella
473) In which type of pollens tactum is completely absent due to large spaces. D
A. Saccate B. Alveolate
C. Lophate D. Fenestrate
474) When appertures arranged at equatorial region of pollen. A
A. Zono B. Peri
C. Colpi D. Sulci
475) Slit like aperture situated at proximal end of pollens. B
A. Amb B. Lete
C. Laesurae D. Margo
476) A distinct thickening of the exine bordering the aperture known as B
A. Amb B. Margo
C. Costa D. Laesurae
477) Laesurae may be___________. D
A. Monolete B. Dilete
C. Trilete D. All of these
478) Pollens are released in the form of pollinia in__________________. A
A. Calotropis procera B. Cynodon dactylon
C. Tecoma stans D. Rosa chinensis
479) __________are the best tool for biostratigraphic study. C
A. Seeds B. Flowers
C. Pollens D. Ovules
480) Fossilized primitive spores first appear in the fossil record______________. A
A. Cryptospoes B. Scolecodonts
C. Palynodebris D. Varia
481) Meridional redges of pollen are stated as___________. B
A. Sacci B. Plicae
C. Culpi D. Lacunae
482) The member of family malvaceae is____________. B
A. Rosa chinensis B. Hibiscus rosa sinensis
C. Tecoma stans D. Calotropis procera
483) Wide spreading roots that support the very tall emergent and canopy trees________. D
A. Adventious roots B. Tap roots
C. Ephemerals D. Buttress roots
484) A circle around the earth run parallel to the north of equator________. A
A. Tropic of cancer B. Tropic of capricon
C. Equator D. Polar
485) The distribution of individual among the species known as________. B
A. Richness B. Evenness
C. Diversity D. Diversity indices
486) Amount of species turn over along the ecological gradient known as________. B
A. Alpha diversity B. Beta diversity
C. Gama diversity D. Diversity indices
487) Climate of Pakistan is almost________. B
A. Tropical B. Subtropical
C. Warm temperate D. Cold temperate
488) Pakistan geographically divided in to types of vegetation’s________. C
A. Seven B. Eleven
C. Nine D. Five
489) Which area is known by name of jewel of Pakistan________. C
A. Eastern B. Western
C. Northern D. Southern
490) The largest genus with more number of endemic species is________. A
A. Astragalus B. Poa
C. Rosa D. Eucalyptus
491) Area along the coastline and highly influenced by freshwater bodies known as________. C
A. Wetalnd B. Salt marshes
C. Mangroves D. Saline wasteland
492) Houbara bustard is the provisional bird of_________. A
A. Baluchitan B. Sindh
C. Punjab D. Kpk
493) Which one is national mammal of Pakistan________. C
A. Marco polo sheep B. Markhor
C. Indus dolphin D. Black bear
494) Number of non-governmental agencies involved in biodiversity conservation of Pakistan________. C
A. Four B. Five
C. Three D. Two
495) Number of countries signed at rio de jenerio under nineteenth century in convention of biological D
diversity________.
A. 150 B. 155
C. 153 D. 154
496) Parthenium hysterophorus was introduce as allien species in Pakistan through__________. B
A. Sand dunes B. Accidental
C. Ornamental D. Water garden plant
497) One of the major of loss of biodiversity is________. A
A. Overpopulation B. Dams building
C. Floods D. All of these
498) Biological resources fulfils the needs of poor people’s________. A
A. Eighty percent B. Fourty percent
C. Seventy percent D. Fifty percent
499) Areas with extremely high level of biodiversity known as________. B
A. Endemism B. Hotspots
C. Ecosystem D. Biomes
500) The wetlands can be used effectively by means of__________. D
A. Conservation B. Sustainable development
C. Ecosystem approaches D. All of these
501) By semi-autonomous metabolic compartment, we mean that for functions it is B
A. A. not dependent upon nucleus B. partly dependent upon nucleus
C. fully dependent upon nucleus D. non-existent
502) A plastid in its undifferentiated form is called as C
 A. Preplastid B. Euplastid
C. Propalstid D. Preprotoplastid
503) A plastic responsible for fruit colors and carotenoid metabolism is A
A. Chromoplast B. Amylopast
C. Etioplast D. Leukoplast
504) In primary carbon metabolism, _____________are used for the synthesis of organic compounds B
A. Organic materials B. Inorganic materials
C. Both of these D. None of these
505) The synthesis of complex/long-chain compounds takes place in the B
A. Primary carbon metabolism B. Secondary carbon metabolism
C. Inorganic carbon metabolism D. None of these
506) A technique for immunological localization of proteins in tissues is called as C
A. Immunochemistry B. Histochemistry
C. Immunohistochemistry D. Immunoassay
507) A science dealing with analysis of individual proteins in the cells is called as A
A. A. Proteomics B. Proteination

C. protein fractionation D. None of these

508) GFPs stand for B
Gray fluorescent proteins
A. B. Green fluorescent proteins
C. Gray fuorescent proteins D. Green fuorescent proteins
509) A method used to collect the ________________ is aphid stylet method C
A. Xylem sap B. Stele sap
C. Phloem sap D. Transfer cell sap
510) The glucan subunits linkage in amylose is A
A. A. α-1, 4-glucan B. α -1, 6-glucan
C. β-1, 4-glucan D. β-1, 6-glucan
511) Quantitative study of energy transduction occurring in living cells is called as D
A. A. Energetics B. . Chemoenergetics
C. Thermogetics D. Bioenergetics
512) Major form of transport sugars are sugar alcohols in the plants of family D
A. Cyperaceae
A. B. . Cucurbetaceae
C. Mimosaceae D. Rosaceae
513) Oval-shaped starch grains are found in B
A. A. Rice grain B. Potato tuber

C. Maize grain D. Olive seed

514) Ability of an object or system to do work on another object or system is called as C
A. Work B. Tendency
C. Energy D. Torque
515) Sound is a form of _________ energy A
A. A. Kinetic B. Potential
C. Nuclear D. Electrical
516) Quantitative study of energy transduction occurring in living cells is called as D
A. Energetics B. Chemoenergetics
C. Thermogetics D. Bioenergetics
517) A system in which there is only the exchange of energy not the matter B
A. Closed system B. Isolated system
Open system
C. D. Semi-closed system
518) A reaction in which heat absorbed by the system (Q) is negative value is called A
 A. Exothermic B. Endothermic
C. Isothermic D. Heterothermic
519) A reaction will be spontaneous if A
A. G is negative B. G is Positive
C. G is zero D. G is variable
520) Randomness of a system is defined as B
A. A. Enthalpy B. Entropy
C. Free energy D. Spontaneity
521) The ultimate source of energy in the universe is C
A. A. Fossil fuel B. Biological waste

C. Solar source D. Hydal source

522) The type of energy stored in the food is D
A. A. Physical . B. Kinetic
C. Electrical D. Chemical
523) The first ever crystallized enzyme by Sumner wasA. B
A. Protease B. Urease
C. Uricase D. Kinase
524) The first ever crystallized enzyme by Sumner was C
A. A. Urease B. . Isozymes
C. Ribozyme D. Homozyme
525) Tom Cech got Nobel Prize in 1982 for his discovery of A
A. Urease B. Isozymes
C. Ribozyme D. Homozyme
526) A coenzyme or metal ion covalently bound to the enzyme protein is called A
A. A. Prosthetic group B. Coenzyme

C. Apoenzyme D. Holoenzyme
527) Hexokinase, Glucose-6-phosphatase are activated by B
A. Cu2+ B. . Mg2+

C. Ni2+ D. Co2+
528) Coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate is involeved in the transfer of D
A. A. Alcohol group B. Acyl group
C. Ketone group D. Aldehyde group
529) Bond formation coupled to ATP cleavage is catalyzed by B
A. Oxidareductases B. Ligases

C. Lyases D. Transferases
530) Enzyme numerical classification based the reaction they catalyze is known as A
A. Enzyme Commission Number B. Enzyme Command Number

C. Enzyme Collective Number D. None of these

531) Three most important characteristics of the enzyme active site are C
A. A. Specificity, reusability, advanced fit B. Generality, reusability, induced fit
C. Specificity, reusability, induced fit D. Generality, durability, induced fit
532) Average rate at which the reactions are usually catalyzed by an enzyme is D
About 300/sec
A. B. About 500/sec
C. About 800/sec D. About 1000/sec
533) A degree of stability in enzyme-substrate complex is provided by B
A. A. Activation energy B. Binding energy

C. Starter energy D. None of these

534) Irreversible enzyme inhibition is caused by D
A. A. Nerve gases B. . Arsenate
C. Herbicide D. All of these
535) _____________ are the molecules that inhibit or activate an enzymatic reaction B
A. A. Inhibitors B. Effectors

C. Inducers D. Excluders
536) In _____________________ reactions, an outside energy source is needed to run them A
A. Non-spontaneous B. Forward
C. Backward D. Spontaneous
537) ____________ reactions use coenzymes to trap energy released from catabolism D
A. A. Phosphorylation B. Reduction
C. Oxidation D. Redox
538) In irreversible inhibition, there is B
A. Physical change in enzyme structure B. Chemical change in enzyme structure

C. Temporary change in enzyme structure D. Transitory change in enzyme structure

539) Beta-galactosidase breaks lactose down to C
A. Glucose and fructose B. Galactose and fructose

C. Glucose and galactose D. Glucose and mannose

540) The NADPH and ATP synthesized during light reactions of photosynthesis is used in A
A. Calvin cycle B. Krebs cycle
C. .β-oxidation cycle D. Photorespiratory cycle
541) Loss of green color is accompanied with conversion of chlorophylloid-a to C
A. A. Coprobilinogen-III B. Protoporphyrin IX
C. Phaeophobride-a D. Protochlorophylloid-a
542) _______ is responsible for dismantling the chlorophyll from the protein complex C
A. Radical B. Hypothetical
C. Real D. Non-existent
543) 3 CO2 + 9 ATP + 6 NADPH ------® Glyceraldehyde-3-P + 9 ADP + _______ + _______ A
A. 6 NADP + 8 Pi B. 6 NADP + 9 Pi
C.
C. 5 NADP + 8 Pi D. 5 NADP + 8 Pi D. 5 NADP + 9 Pi
544) In the presence of light, the chlorophyll synthesis is promoted by D
A. A. Ethylene B. Auxins
C. Gibberellins D. Cytokinins
545) ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + H : G = ______________
+ B
A. A. +30.5 kJ mol-1 B. ‒30.5 kJ mol-1
C. ‒30.5 mJ mol-1 D. ‒30.5 MJ mol-1
546) _________________ is the most abundant carotenoid in higher plants A
A. β-carotene B. α-carotene

C. . Lycopene D. Leutin
547) Dismantling the chlorophyll from the protein complex takes place by B
A. A. Chlorophyllase B. Lyase

C. Oxido-reductase D. None of these

548) Geranyl-geranyl diphosphate is a B
A. A. 10-C compound B. 20-C compound
C. 30-C compound D. 40-C compound
549) Site of SSU mRNA synthesis is B
A. A. Chloroplast B. Nucleus
 C. Lysosomes D. Golgi bodies
550) ____________ is essential for binding photosystem proteins with chlorophyll molecules A
A. A. Light B. Darkness
C. Auxins D. Ethylene
551) Which one of the following is a 5 carbon compounds C
A. A. Sesquiterpene B. Triterpene
C. Hemiterpene D. Tetraterpene
552) Isoprene is a five carbon containing ______________ secondary metabolite D
A. Solid B. Semisolid
C. Liquid D. Gaseous
553) Anthocyanidin _______________ is of purplish red color D
A. A. Petunidin B. Pelargonidin

C. Peunidin D. Cyanidin
554) _________________ tannins are soluble in water A
A. Hydrolyzable B. Condensed
C. Amorphous D. Solid
555) Chalcone after isomerization leads to the formation of D
A. Flavonols B. Anthocyanidin
C. Leucocyanadin D. Naringenin
556) Gallotannins are gallic acid esters of glucose in A
A. A. Tannic acid B. . Galic acid
C. Fulvic acid D. Shikimic acid
557) For detection of pseudotannins, the test used is D
A. A. Goldbeater’s test B. Goldbear’s test
C. Goldmayer’stst D. None of these
558) Lignin is composed of monolignols, which are of B
Two types
A. B. Three types
C. Four types D. Five types
559) The proportion of hemicellulose in the secondary wall is B
A. A. 25% B. B. 30%

C. 35% D. 40%
560) The synthesis of conyferyl alcohol takes place with the activity of C
A. A. GAL . B. TAL
C. PAL D. All of these
561) Alkaloids are named so because they have _____________ pH in the cytosol A
A. A. Alkaline B. Acidic
.
C. Neutral D. Variable
562) Human use of ______________ is stimulant, depressant, tranquilizer B
Flavonols
A. B. Anthocyanidin
C. Lignan D. Nicotine
563) Which one of the following is a polyamine B
A. Canavinine B. Nicotine
Dopamine .
C. D. Spermine
564) Precursor of dopamine is A
A. A. Phenylalanine B. Lucien
C. Proline
C. D. Asparagine
565) Apoptosis can be brought about with polyamine analog A
A. A. P53 B. B53
C. Q53 =
C. D. All of these
566) Which one of the families is a major source of atropine C
Malvaceae
A. B. Cumbritaceae
C. Solanaceae D. Poaceae
567) Precursor of scopolamine synthesis is B
A. Methionine B. . Ornithine

C. Arginine D. Lysine
568) Chemical formula of cocaine is C
A. C19H14NO2 B. C18H15NO3
C. C17H21NO4 D. C16H28NO5
569) Precursor of ephedrine is B
A. Tyrosine B. Phenylalanine
C. Lysine D. None of these
570) Ramoplanin, an antibiotic drug, is used against A
A. A. Gram +ve bacteria B. Gram -ve bacteria
C. Viruses D. Actinomycetes
571) Which one of the following is not precursor of cyanogenic glycosides B
A. Valine B. B. Isoleucine

C. Leucine D. Glycine
572) ____________ is the end product of cyanogenic glycosides metabolism A
A. Hydrogen cyaninde B. Nitrile
C. Cyanohydrin D. Aglycone
573) Transcription factor MYB plays ________________ in plant development C
A. Inhibitory role B. Promotory role
C. Regulatory role D. No role
574) The alkaloids based medicines in the market account for up to B
About 10%
A. B. About 25%
About 40%
C. D. About 50%
575) A polyamine is an organic compound having two or more ____________ group A
A. . –NH2 B. –NH

C. NH3 D. All of these

576) Ephedrine is obtained from an evergreen shrub named as A
A. Ephedra sinica B. Ephedra vulgaris
C. Ephedra sativa D. All of these
577) A major family of plants showing the synthesis of glucosinolates is B
A. Solanaceae B. Mimosaceae
C. Poaceae D. Brassicaceae
578) Precursor of glucosinolates is/are D
A. A. Tyrosine B. Phenylalanine
C. Methionine D. All of these
579) During their metabolism, the glucosinolate synthesis competes with A
Auxins biosynthesis
A. B. Gibberellins biosynthesis
C. Cytokinins biosynthesis D. ABA biosynthesis
580) One of the most fatal disease caused by excess of glucosinolates intake is C
A. A. Meningitis B. Tuberculosis
 C. Cancer D. Goiter
581) A non-protein amino acid, Hypoglycin, has a great similarity with amino acid B
A. Glycine B. Lysine

C. Aspartate D. Methionine
582) The tumor formation during carcigensis takes place due to expression of B
A. Impaired DNA B. Repaired DNA

C. Normal DNA D. Damaged DNA

583) Glutamic acid has structural similarity to non-protein amino acid A
A. Theanine B. Tryptamine
C. Canavinine D. Cadaverine
584) Structure of phycobilins is A
A. Linear tetrapyrroles B. Closed tetrapyrroles

C. Semi-closed tetrapyrroles D. None of these

585) In Beale pathway of chlorophyll synthesis, the __________is converted to ALA B
A. Aspartatic acid B. Glutamic acid
C. Alanine D. Glycine
586) Chlorophyll a is converted to Chlorophyll b in the presence of enzyme A
A. Chlorophyll aoxygenase B. Chlorophyll boxygenase
C. Chlorophyll b synthase D. Chlorophyll oxidoreductase
587) ____________________ are synthesized during normal growth and development of plants B
A. A. Phytoalexins B. Phytoanticipins
C. Antioxidants D. None of these
588) Most predominant form of aflatoxins is A
A. AFB1 B. AFG1

C. AFM1 D. AFP1
589) Name of fungal species from which aflatoxins were first isolated is D
A. Aspergillusniger B. Aspergillusnomius
Aspergillusparasticus
C. D. Aspergillusflavus
590) Papillae are included in the class of ____________________ Papillae are included in the class of C
____________________
A. A. Chemical defense B. Biochemical defense
C. Structural defense D. Chemical defense
591) Secretion of compounds by one plant to harm the growth of neighboring plants is called as A
A. A. Allelopathy B. Hydropathy
C. Ceismopathy D. Chemopathy
592) The first protein hormone, composed of 18 amino acid residues is known as B
A. Osmotin B. Systemin
Proteinase
C. D. Lectin
593) The most available form of sulfur to plant roots is ______________ D
A. A. Sulfide B. Sulfite

C. Disulfide D. Sulfate
594) _______________ is synthesized in peroxisome from uric acid A
A. Allantoin B. Allantoic acid
Citrulline
C. D. Ornithine
595) SO42- + ATP + 8e- + 8H+ → S2- + 4H2O + ________ + PPi A
A. AMP B. GMP
 C. ADP D. GDP
596) Pheophytinase involved in chlorophyll degradation is a ____________ localized enzyme C
A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi bodies
C. Plastid D. Microsome
597) Plants of temperate region exhibit the synthesis of C
A. A. Ureids B. Carbides
C. Amides D. Amines
598) Site of glutathione synthesis is B
A. Peroxisome B. Chloroplast
Chromoplast
C. D. Mitochondria
599) Salicylic acid was discovered from ____________ bark in 1828 A
Willow
A. B. Cinchona
C. Brassica D. Potato
600) The synthesis of choline takes place in ________________ D
A. Chloroplast B. Microsome
C. Dictyosomes D. Cytoplasm
601) Guard cells in the stomata of dicot plants are c

A. Ball shape B. Dumbbell shape

C. Kidney shape D. Egg shape

602) The only epidermal cells which also possess chloroplast are known as

A. Lenticels B. Guard cells

C. Hair cells D. Cortical cells

603) The plants which possess stomata on lower surface are known as b

A. Astomatous B. Hypostomatous

C. Epistomatous D. amphistomatous

604) The plants which possess stomata on upper surface are known as c

amphistomatous Hypostomatous
A. B.
Epistomatous Astomatous
C. D.
605) At high pH the enzyme phosphorylase causes the ------------- of starch a
A. Breakdown B. Formation
C. Transport D. Storage
606) At low pH the enzyme phosphorylase causes the ------------- of starch d
A. Transport B. Storage
C. Breakdown D. Formation
607) Increase in temperature will cause the stomata to b
A. Close B. Open
C. Remain dormant D. Die
608) Among various hormones, ABA will bring the stomatal b
A. Opening B. Closing
C. Number increase D. Number decrease
609) In grasses stomata are found on c
A. Upper surface B. Lower surface
C. Equal number on both surfaces D. Non-of them
610) Stomatal regulation is a
A. Opening and closing of stomata B. Opening of stomata
C. Closing of stomata D. Non-of them
611) The most active photoysnthetic tissues in plants are a
A. Mesophyll B. Sclerenchyma
C. Cortex D. Epidermal
612) End product of cyclic electron transport chain in chloroplast is b
A. NADPH B. ATP
C. NADPH and ATP D. FADH2
613) End product of non-cyclic electron transport chain in chloroplast is d
A. ATP B. NADPH
C. FADH2 D. NADPH and ATP
614) Photosystem I and II are located on c
A. Cell membrane B. Choloroplast membrane
C. Thylakoind membrane D. Cell wall
615) During light reaction the energy products are produced in the form of c
A. NADPH B. ATP
C. NADPH and ATP D. FADH2
616) The organisms which can prepare their organic food from inorganic source are known as b
A. Heterotrophs B. Autotrophs
C. Mesotroghs D. Chemotrophs
617) Green sulphur bacterial use ------------------ instead fo water c
A. SO2 B. SO3
C. H2S D. HSO3
618) Purple sulphur bacterial use ------------------ instead fo water b
A. HSO3 B. H2S
C. SO3 D. SO2
619) Light has characteristic of both b
A. Photon and quantum B. Particle and wave

C. Wave and liquid D. Particle and liquid

620) Amount of energy in photon is called d
A. Watt B. kJ
C. Calorie D. Quantum
621) 1 Calorie is equal to c
A. 5J B. 6J
C. 4.19 J D. 4.5 J
622) 1 W is equal to c
A. 4 J/s B. 3 J/s
C. 1 J/s D. 2 J/s
623) UV-A ranges from a
A. 320-400 B. 350-420
C. 300-400 D. 380-420
624) UV-B ranges from b
A. 320-400 B. 280-320
C. 250-300 D. 240-300
625) UV-C ranges from c

A. 150-250 B. 120-250
C. 100-280 D. 130-210
626) Number of carbon atoms in chlorophyll a are b

A. 60 B. 55
C. 50 D. 65
627) Number of hydrogen atoms in chlorophyll b are c
A. 74 B. 72
C. 70 D. 75
628) Number of chlorophyll pigments required to process one quantum is b
A. 300-400 B. 200-300
C. 250-350 D. 150-250
629) The regioun of chloroplast outside the thylakoid is known as c
A. Matrix B. Cytosol
C. Stroma D. Nucleoplasm
630) The ultimate source of electrons for photosythesis is b
A. CO2 B. Water
C. NADPH D. FADH2
631) Calvin cycle occurs in c
A. Cytosol B. Matix
C. Stroma D. Vacuole
632) The most abundant soluble protein in plants is b
A. Sucrose B. Rubisco
C. Aldolase D. Kinase
633) The most abundant soluble sugar in plants is c
A. Raffinose B. Stachyose
C. Sucrose D. Glucose
634) In C3 plants for the fixation of one CO2, number of ATPs required are c
A. 5 ATP B. 4 ATP
C. 3 ATP D. 6 ATP
635) In C3 plants for the fixation of one CO2, number of NADPH required are b
A. 1 B. 2
C. 4 D. 4
636) Those elements which can move via phloem are known as a
A. Mobile B. Immobile
C. Macronutrients D. Micronutrients
637) Atmosphere is source of the nutrients d
A. Carbon B. Hydrogen
C. Oxygen D. All of them
638) Macronutrients are also known as a
A. Major elements B. Essential elements
C. Minor elements D. Beneficial elements
639) Nutrients in the absence of which plants can not complete their life cycle are c
A. Beneficial elements B. Macronutrients

C. Essential elements D. Mobile elements

640) When increase in concentration of one nutrient lower down the concentration of other nutrient, then this b
effect is known as
A. Synergistic effect B. Antagonistic effect
C. Beneficial effect D. Toxic effect
641) The elements which stimulate plant growth but they are not essentially required for growth d
A. Micronutrients B. Essential elements
C. Fundamental elements D. Beneficial elements
642) Nutrients deficiency can be reduced by c
A. Soil application B. Foliar application
C. Both a & b D. Non of them
643) The study of how plants obtain and use mineral nutrients is called a
A. Mineral nutrition B. Assimilation of nutrients
C. Absorption of nutrients D. Uptake of nutrients
644) On younger leaves symptoms are due to d
A. Essential elements B. Mobile elements
C. Minor elements D. Immobile elements
645) Chlorosis and backward hooking of young leaves are due to c
A. Zinc B. Chlorine
C. Calcium D. Magnesium
646) On the basis of physiological functions plant nutrients can be classified into a
A. Four groups B. Eight groups
C. Six groups D. Two groups
647) Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur all are d
A. Essential elements B. Micronutrients
C. Beneficial elements D. Macronutrients
648) Which of the following is not an amino acid? b
A. glutamic acid B. palmitic acid
C. aspartic acid D. glutamine
649) What type of covalent bonds link the amino acids in a protein? a
A. peptide bonds B. hydrogen bonds
C. ionic bonds D. glycosidic bonds
650) Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity? d
A. pH B. temperature
C. ions the presence of certain metal D. all of the above
651) Anaerobic metabolism refers to the generation of ATP: c
A. without the use of glycogen B. without the involvement of ADP
C. without the use of oxygen D. in the absence of available oxygen
652) Glycolysis is the name given to the pathway involving the conversion of: a
A. glycogen or glucose to pyruvate or lactate B. glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate

C. glycogen or glucose to fructose D. glycogen or glucose to pyruvate or acetyl CoA

653) The enzymes of glycolysis are located in the a
A. cytoplasm B. nucleus
C. lysosomes D. mitochondrion
654) How many CO2 and ATP molecules are formed during one complete turn of the tricarboxylic acid cycle d
(Krebs’ cycle)?
A. 2CO2 and 2ATP B. 2CO2 and 16ATP
C. 2CO2 and 12ATP D. 2CO2 and 1ATP
655) Pathways for the movement of water across the roots are b
A. Five pathways B. Three pathways
C. Six pathways D. Non of above
656) Apoplastic movement of water is through b
A. Living portion of cell B. Non living portion of cell

C. Both a & b D. Non of above

657) Symplastic movement of water is through a
A. Living portion of cell B. Non living portion of cell

C. Both a & b D. Non of above

658) The process of guttation is due to c
A. Transpiration B. Evaporation
C. Root pressure D. Evapo-transpiration
659) Major constituent of protoplast is b
A. Cellulose B. Water
 C. Carbon D. Oxygen
660) At which temperature density of water is maximum c
A. 10 °C B. 6 °C
C. 4 °C D. 0 °C
661) Relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of light on photomorphogenesis is known as a
A. Action spectrum B. Absorption spectrum
C. High intensity of light D. Low intensity of light
662) Phytochromobilins are synthesized in b
A. Mitochondria B. Plastids
C. Vacuole D. Nucleus
663) Respiratory substrates are of a
A. Four types B. Six types
C. Eight types D. Ten types
664) Hypoxic condition is b
A. Zero oxygen B. Low amount of oxygen
C. High amount of oxygen D. All above
665) PPi-PFK enzyme is found only in d
A. Animals B. Fungi
C. Viruses D. Plants
666) In plants cytosolic NADH+H is equal to b
A. Three ATPs B. Two ATPs
C. Four ATPs D. Non of above
667) How many enzymes are involved in Krebs cycle? c
A. Four B. Six
C. Eight D. Ten
668) In plants net energy balance of aerobic respiration is a
A. 36 or 37 ATPs B. 36 ATPs
C. 37 ATPs D. 38 ATPs
669) Inhibitors of complex-I of electron transport chain are d
A. Antimycin a and DPI B. CO and CN

C. SHAM D. Amytal and Rotenone

670) Inhibitors of complex-III of electron transport chain are a
A. Antimycin a B. CO and CN
C. SHAM D. Amytal and Rotenone
671) Inhibitors of complex-IV of electron transport chain are b
A. Antimycin a and DPI B. CO and CN

C. SHAM D. Amytal and Rotenone

672) Inhibitors of alternative oxidase of electron transport chain are c
A. Antimycin a and DPI B. CO and CN

C. SHAM D. Amytal and Rotenone

673) Those organs or tissue where food is synthesized or available is known as a
A. Source B. Sink
C. Stem D. Root
674) Temporary plugging in plants is by b
A. Cellulose B. P-proteins
C. Glucose D. Lipids
675) The movement of photosynthates from chloroplast of mesophyll cells to sieve tube is called c
A. Short distant transport B. Phloem unloading

C. Phloem loading D. Long distant transport

676) The color of chromoplasts is never D
 A. Red B. Blue
C. Yellow D. Green
677) The centers of light harvesting in the thylakoid membrane are A
A. PSII & PSI B. PSII & Plastoglobulii
C. PSII & strome D. PSII & pyrenoids
678) The peripheral reticulum is present is B
A. Golgi bodies B. Chloroplast
C. Mitochondria D. Peroxisomes
679) The plastoglobulii are more commonly found in C
A. Chloroplasts B. Chromoplasts
C. Etioplasts D. Amyloplasts
680) The proteins for RUBISCO are encoded C
A. In chloroplast only B. In nucleus only
C. In both chloroplast and nucleus D. Neither in chloroplast nor nucleus
681) The genome size of the chloroplast is A
A. 120-160 kb B. 500-600 kbp
C. Less than 50 kbp D. 1000 kbp
682) The chloroplast has been thought to be evolved as a result of B
A. Exosymbiosis B. Endosymbiosis
C. Invegination D. Reduplication
683) The endomembrane system consists of D
A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi bodies
C. . Nuclear envelop D. . All of these
684) Which among the following are branched endoplasmic reticulum C
A. Cisternae B. Vesicles
C. Tubules D. None of these
685) Biochemically the ribosomes are B
A. Riboproteins B. Nucleoproteins
C. Sulphoproteins D. Glycoproteins
686) The protein synthesis in ribosomes is comprised of A
A. Three steps B. Four steps
C. Five steps D. Six steps
687) Through _______________ the newly synthesized peptides enter into the lumen of rER C
A. Depressions B. Pores
C. Translocons D. All of these
688) Plate formation during cell division in plant cells is facilitated by D
A. Signal peptides B. Lysosomes
C. Nucleus D. Dictyosomes
689) Main function of Golgi bodies is to __________________ the cell products D
A. Finish Sort
C. Ship All of these
690) The outer membrane of nucleus is contiguous with A
A. Endoplasmic reticulum B. Golgi bodies
C. Eye spot D. Flagellar base
691) The molecules >100 Da can only enter the nucleus via C
A. Envelop lamins B. Channels
C. Nuclear pore complexes D. None of these
692) The source of strength and architecture for the nucleus is/are B
A. Dermins B. Lemins
C. . Lipins D. Pterins
693) The function of nuclear localization sequences (NLSs) is to target the B
A. Ions to the nucleus. B. Proteins to nucleus
C. Carbohydrates to nucleus D. Nucleic acids to nucleus
694) The karyopherins are A
A. Nuclear import receptors B. Organelles import receptors
C. Vacuolar import receptors D. D. Thylakoid import receptors
695) The pH inside the lysosomes is A
A. 4.8 B. 6.8
C. 8.8 D. . 10.2
696) There are ________ basic types of lysosomes B
A. Three B. Four
C. Five D. Six
697) Long-chain and branched fatty acids are broken down by D
A. Golgi bodies B. Lysosomes
C. Vacuolar enzymes D. Peroxisomes
698) Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide takes place by A
A. Catalase B. Peroxidase
C. Superoxide dismutase D. Hydrolase
699) The metabolites shuttling from peroxisome to mitochondrion is A
A. Glycine B. Aspartate
C. Alanine D. Acetyl CoA
700) One main function of peroxisomes during morphogenesis in plants is restoration of B
A. Green color B. Etiolation
C. Statocyte formation D. Cryptochrome synthesis
701) Shoot elongation and root growth inhibition is mainly due to C
A. Auxin B. Vitamin
C. Brassinosteroid D. Gibberellin
702) Brassinosteroids increase the tolerance against D
A. Salinity B. Drought
C. High temperature D. All of them
703) Maximum concentration of Brassinosteroids are found in D
A. Stem B. Roots
C. Leaves D. Pollens
704) Abscisic acid caused the stomata to B
A. Open B. Close
C. No effect D. Both effect
705) Brassinosteroids caused the stomata to A
A. Open B. Close
C. No effect D. Both effect
706) Those hormones or compounds which possess two or more than two amino groups B
A. Poly hormones B. Polyamines
C. Tocopherols D. Vitamins
707) Putrescene contains A
A. 2 amines B. 3 amines
C. 4 amines D. 5 amines
708) Spermidine contains B
A. 2 amines B. 3 amines
C. 4 amines D. 5 amines
709) Spermine contains C
A. 2 amines B. 3 amines
C. 4 amines D. 5 amines
710) Number of carbon atoms in Cadaverine are A
A. 5 B. 10
C. 15 D. 20
711) Arginine decarboxylase is localized in C
A. Cytosol B. Vacuole
 C. Chloroplast D. Nucleus
712) Cadaverine is decarboxylation product of amino acid B
A. Glycine B. Lysine
C. Methionine D. Cystein
713) Ancient Egyptians used --------------- for ripening process C
A. Auxin B. ABA
C. Ethylene D. Polyamines
714) Triple response hormone is D
A. ABA B. Auxin
C. Polyamines D. Ethylene
715) Number of hydrogen atoms in ethylene is B
A. 2 B. 4
C. 6 D. 8
716) Ethylene can easily diffuse through B
A. Soil B. Membrane
C. Stem D. Root
717) Color of ethylene gas is D
A. Red B. Blue
C. Orange D. Colorless
718) Ethylene biosynthesis occur through A
A. Yang's cycle B. Carbon cycle
C. Calvin cycle D. Glyoxylate cycle
719) AVG inhibited the biosynthesis of D
A. ABA B. Auxin
C. Polyamines D. Ethylene
720) Artificial ripening of fruits is done by A
A. Ethylene B. ABA
C. Auxin D. Polyamines
721) ABA is absent in C
A. Trees B. Shurbs
C. Bacteria D. Algae
722) The growth inhibitor hormone is A
A. ABA B. Auxin
C. Polyamines D. Triacontanol
723) Water deficit condition signal is transferred through A
A. ABA B. Tocopherol
C. Batasins D. Gibberellin
724) Which of the hormone is involved in Gravitopism B
A. Tocopherol B. ABA
C. Auxin D. Triacontanol
725) Seed storage protein accumulation is ---------------- by ABA A
A. Increased B. Decreased
C. Remain of constant D. Non of them
726) In atmosphere nitrogen in the form of N2 is about d
A. 76% B. 77%
C. 75% D. 79%
727) Conversion of inert nitrogen into useable form of nitrogen is known as a
A. Nitrogen fixation B. Nitrogen metabolism
C. Nitrogen destruction D. Nitrogen assimilation
728) More than 90 % of nitrogen is fixed through b
A. Lightening B. Biological nitrogen fixation
C. Photochemical reactions D. Non of them
729) Most preferred form of nitrogen for plants is a
 A. NO3 B. NO2
C. NH4 D. HNO3
730) Nitrate reductase occurs in
A. Chloroplast B. Matrix c
C. Cytosol D. Vacuole
731) Sulfur is absorbed by the plants in the form of b
A. SO3 B. SO4
C. H2S D. H2SO4
732) Thioredoxin widely occurs in plants is c
A. Lipids in nature B. Carbohydrate in nature
C. Protein in nature D. Non of them
733) Glutathione is made up of b
Glutamate, cysteine and proline
A. B. Glutamate, cysteine and glycine
C. Glutamate, cysteine and lucine D. Glutamate and glycine
734) Main purpose of glyoxylate pathway is
A. Conversion of carbohydrates to CO2 B. Conversion of fats to glucose b

C. Both a & b D. Non of them

735) Process by which glucose is synthesized from the compounds other than carbohydrates is known as d
A. Pentose phosphate pathway B. Glucogenesis

C. Photorespiration D. Gluconeogenesis
736) Oxidative decarboxylation takes place in
A. Plastids B. Vacuole c
C. Mitochondria D. Vacuole
737) Fe-S protein and cytochrome have the ability to receive and transfer b
One electron and one proton at a time
A. B. One electron at a time
C. One electron and two protons at a time D. Two electrons and two protons at a time
738) FMN and UQ have the ability to receive and transfer d
A. One electron at a time B. One electron and one proton at a time
C. One electron and two protons at a time D. Two electrons and two protons at a time
739) Starch is storage carbohydrate which is stored in a
A. Chloroplast B. Vacuole
C. Mitochondria D. Golgi bodies
740) Almost ten glucose molecules are present in a
A. Dextrins B. Inuline
C. Verbascose sugars D. Stachyose
741) During CN resistant respiration energy is generated in the form of b
A. ATP B. Heat
C. FADH2 D. NADPH
742) The process of Krebs cycle operates in c
A. Stroma B. Cytosol
C. mitochondria D. Cytosol
743) Maltose is combination of d
A. Glucose + fructose B. Fructose + fructose
C. Sucrose +glucose D. Glucose + fructose
744) When glycerol phosphate shuttle is operative then NADH will be equal to a
A. 2 ATP B. 2.5 ATP
C. 3 ATP D. 3.5 ATP
745) When malate-aspartate shuttle is operative then NADH will be equal to c
A. 2 ATP B. 2.5 ATP
C. 3 ATP D. 3.5 ATP
746) The plants which produce heat energy during CN resistant respiration are known as
A. Thermogenic plants B. Aquatic plants a

C. Monocot D. Dicot
747) The process in which heat energy is generated in plants is known as b
A. Photosynthesis B. Thermogenesis
C. Glucogenesis D. Glycolysis
748) Permanent plugging in plants occurs due to c
A. Glucose B. Proteins
C. Callose D. Cellulose
749) In seive elements -------------------- is absent a
A. Nucleus B. Mitochondria
C. Plastids D. Endoplasmic reticulum
750) The pathway by which metabolites move through plasmodesmata is known as b
A. Apoplastic pathway B. Symplastic pathway
C. Diffusion D. Osmosis
751) Pollen in grasses are mostly B

A. Echinate B. Psilate

C. Rugose D. Tricolpate

752) Speciation taking place in millions of years is called C

A. Sympatric B. Allopatric

C. Gradualism D. Punctuated equilibrium

753) A system in which fluid loses density due to heat and is forced into region of greater density is called A

A. Convection cell B. Tectonic cell

C. Transfer cell D. Continental cell

754) Poaceous plants are characterized by having D

A. Tricolpate pollen B. Dicolpate

C. Polyporate pollen D. Monoporate pollen
755) The first stage of taphonomy is A

A. Disarticulation B. Dispersal

C. Accumulation D. Fossilization
756) Polonium is present in D

A. Poaannua B. Tecomellaundulata

C. Conocarpus erectus D. Calotropis procera

757) In early angiosperms pollen were A

A. Small B. Large

C. Medium D. Without apertures

758) Mesosaurus that is now extinct, is a type of C

A. Mammal B. Bird
C. Lizard D. Fish
759) Most resistant organic material found in nature and in geological samples is D
A. Intine B. Nexine

C. Sexine D. Sporopollenin
760) According to pseudanthial hypothesis angiospermic flower is developedfrom A

A. Compound gymnosperm strobilus B. Simple gymnosperm strobilus

C. Compound angiosperms D. None of these

761) One of the most common type of plant fossils is C

A. Mold B. Cast

C. Compression D. Depression
762) Most common plant parts preserved as compression are D

A. Stem B. Roots
Flowers
C. D. Leaves
763) Commonly used research tool in paleobotany to illustrate pollen morphology is C

A. TEM B. LM

C. SEM D. All of these

764) Latest and specific definition for sporopollenin was proposed at the international symposium in B

A. 1961 B. 1971

C. 1981 D. 1951
765) Most suitable sites for exploring plant fossils are B

A. Deserts B. Rock sediments

C. Forests D. Foot hills

766) If the P/E ratio is one, shape of pollen is A

Spherical
A. B. Oblate

C. Peroblate D. Subprolate
767) Acetocarmine is used to estimate A

A. Pollen number B. Pollen fertility

C. Pollen shape D. Pollen size

768) In Panicum antidotale pollen are C
 A. Echinate B. Tricolpate

C. Psilate and monoporate D. Periporate

769) The term palynology was introduced by B

A. Wode house B. Hyde and Williams

C. Erdman D. N.Grew
770) Paleobotany is derived from Paleon, that is a A

Greek word
A. B. Latin word
C. Spanish word D. French word
771) If the pollen size is more than 200 µm, pollen are considered D

A. Medium B. Large

C. Very large D. Gigantic

772) The branch of taphonomy that describes that how the decomposition and destruction of organisims has A
happened is called

A. Bio taphonomy B. Geo taphonomy

C. Paleo taphonomy D. Soil taphonomy

773) Plants belonging to family Malvaceae have C

A. Psilate pollen B. Perforate pollen

C. Echinate pollen D. Rugulate pollen
774) The study of pollen contained in honey and in particular the source of C
Forensic palynology
A. B. Paleopalynology

C. Melissopalynology D. None of these

775) Preservation of whole plant or plant parts in growth position is termed as A
A. In situ B. Ex situ

C. Spot preservation D. Whole plant preservation

776) The process in which as sediments accumulate, water is squeezed out and sediments become compact C
and plant fragments contained within them become flattened, is known as

A. Mold B. Cast
C. Compression D. Preservation
777) Most common plant part preserved in the form of compressions is B

A. Root B. Leaf

C. Stem D. Flower
778) Commonly used research tool in paleobotany to illustrate pollen grains is C

LM
A. B. EM
C. SEM D. TEM
779) Asclepiadaceae is characterized by having B

A. Psilate pollen B. Pollinium

C. Echinate pollen D. No pollen

780) Psilate pollen with smooth wall are present in C

A. Asteraceae B. Apiaceae

C. Poaceae D. Clusiaceae
781) Angiosperms dominance increased in B

A. Jurassic period B. Paleogene period

C. Neogene period D. Quaternary period
782) Marine algae became abundant and fungi were diversified on land in A

a) Paleozoic era
b)
A. B. Mesozoic era
c)
d)
C. Cenozoic era D. None of these
783) Oldest fossils of eukaryotic cells appeared in C

A. Devonian period B. Silurian period

C. Ediacaran period D. Cambrian period

784) Formation of species in thousands of years is known as A

A. Punctuated equilibrium B. Gradualism

C. Allopatric D. Sympatric
785) Most resistant organic materials found in nature and in geological samples are D

A. Exine B. Intine

C. Sexine D. Sporopollenin
786) earliest studies on the exine of pollen were by John in A

1814
A. B. 1815
C. 1816 D. 1820
787) A recent definition of sporopollenin was proposed in 1971 in International B

A. Conference B. Symposium

C. Seminar D. Workshop
788) Chemically sporopollenin is an oxidative polymer of C

A. Carotene B. Xanyophyll
 C. Carotenoids D. None
789) Pollen in different sediments show gradual colour changes from pale yellow to A

A. Dark brown B. Black

C. Light yellow D. Red

790) Changes in pollen colour in sediments are due to B

Pressure
A. B. Thermal changes

C. Geological time D. Exine nature

791) All continents were combined in a single land mass called Pangaya about B

A. 200 million years ago B. 250 million years ago

C. 100 million years ago D. 150 million years ago

792) Pangaya was broken down into two masses called Laurasia and C

A. Sandwana B. Harrapa

C. Gondwana D. All of these

793) 43.Colpus in pollen is the type of B
A. Spine B. Aperture

C. Pore D. Exine
794) Pollen with spines on exine are termed as C

Psilate
A. B. Scabrate
C. Echinate D. Foveolate
795) Pollen in which two polar areas can not be differentiated are called B

A. Heteropolar B. Apolar

C. Isopolar D. None of these

796) Pollen are produced on B

A. Stigma B. Anthers

C. Seeds D. Carpel
797) Mostly the pollen terminology used today is given by B

A. Wodehouse B. Erdtman

C. N. Grew D. Hyde
798) In compression plant fragments present in rock sedements A

Become flattened
A. B. Squeezed
 C. Freezed D. Are melted
799) Pollen fertility can be determined by using A

A. Aceto carmine B. Lactic Acid

C. Acetic Acid D. Glycerin jelly

800) Science of assigning sedimentary rocks to a known geological period is called A

A. Biostratigraphy B. Geochronology

C. Sedimentology D. Paleontology
801) A sac-like organelle consisting of three distinct parts is named as: D
A. Lyso B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Vacuole D. Golgi bodies
802) An enzyme involved in tryptophan metabolism in mitochondrial membrane is C
A. Proteinase B. Keto-glutarate
C. Kynureninase D. Isomerase
803) Of the two mitochondrial membranes, the quantity of lipids is greater in A
A. Outer membrane B. Inner membrame
C. Equal in both membranes D. No lipids present in both
804) Cardiolipin is a lipid which is unique to B
A. Chloroplast B. Mitochondria
C. Vacuole D. Nucleus
805) Mitochondrial membrane freely permeable to oxygen, water and CO 2 is C
A. Outer membrane B. Both membranes
C. Inner membrane D. None is permeable
806) An organelle responsible for cellular components degradation is B
A. Peroxisomes B. Lysosome
C. Proeosomes D. Golgi complex
807) The formation of Acetyl-CoA in respiration takes place in A
A. Mitochondrial matrix B. Outer mitochondrial membrane

C. . Inner mitochondrial membrane D. . Inter-membrane space

808) The prosthetic group for protein component cytochrome c is A
A. heme c B. D2 protein
C. Myelin D. biliverdin
809) The so called endosymbiosis hypothesis was put forward by ______________ in 1981 D
A. Glenn Margulis B. Dave Margulis
C. Ann Margulis D. Lynn Margulis
810) More genes in the mitochondrial genome are located on C
A. L-strand B. K- strand

C. H-strand D. G- strand
811) Matrix in mitochondrion is synonymous to __________ in the chloroplast B
A. Outer membrane area B. Stroma
C. Intermembrane space D. None of these
812) In outer membrane of chloroplast, the translocon has a molecular mass of about A
A. 1000 kDa B. 1200 kDa
C. 1500 kDa D. 2000 kDa
813) The pH of the space within the inner chloroplast membrane is B
A. Extremely acidic B. alkaline
 C. . Neutral D. . No pH has been reported
814) ___________________ are more common in chloroplast when it is under oxidative stress D
A. Plastocyanin B. Pyrenoids
C. Starch bodies D. Plastoglobulii
815) In chloroplast genome, the gene(s) encoding the small subunit of RUBISCO is/are A
A. Non existent B. Some are presnt

C. Some de novo synthesized D. All are predominantly expressed

816) The division of chloroplast takes place with the help of ___________ protein B
A. FstZ B. FtsZ
C. FZst D. none
817) The endoplasmic reticulum are thought to be originated as ____________ of plasma membrane C
A. Invagination B. In-cutting
C. Infolding D. By any of these ways
818) The ribosomes when found together are called as A
A. Polysomes B. Autosomes
C. Multisomes D. Oligosomes
819) Actual sorting and processing of macromolecules takes place in the D
A. Cis-Golgi B. Trans-Golgi
C. .Marginal-Golgi D. Medial-Golgi
820) ________________________ is the site where inner and outer nuclear membranes fuse C
Leminar pore complex
A. B. Medial pore complex
C. Nuclear pore complex D. None of these
821) Christian de Duve received Nobel Prize in Physiology __________ for discovering lysosomes C
A. . 1981 B. 1977
C. in 1974 D. 1968
822) The enzyme ____________ is responsible for scavenging of hydrogen peroxide D
A. Dismutase B. . Oxidase
C. Kynureninase D. Catalase
823) During mitosis the replication of organelles takes place during _______________ of interphase B
A. Gap-0 phase B. Gap-1 phase
C. . Gap-2 phase D. Any of these
824) Chiasmata formation takes place during _____________ in meiosis A
A. Division-1 1 Division-2
C. Division-1 & 2 D. None of these
825) One Giga is equal to C
A. 10 kilo B. 103 kilo
6
C. 10 kilo D. 109 kilo
826) A cell without a nucleus and organelles but yet has genetic system is a A
A. Spirillum cell B. Sieve cell
C. Tracheid cell D. Egg cell
827) The ribosomes within the nucleus are synthesized in C
A. Centriole B. Lemin
C. . Nucleolus D. Nucleoplasm
828) The role played by the lysosomes is mainly D
Neutral
A. B. . Locomotory
C. Anabolic D. Catabolic
829) Teichoic acids are found in the cell wall of C
A. Chara B. Penecillium
C. Bacillus D. All of these
830) A bacterial cell showing movement in all directions will be regarded as D
A. Allotrichous B. Amphitrichous
C. Monotrichous D. Peritrichous
831) Introns are present in all except in B
A. Amoeba B. Bacillus
C. Paramecium D. Chlamydomonas
832) Cell wall proteins are not glycosylate in C
A. Soybean B. Tomato
C. Petunia D. None of these
833) Along with chitin the glucan is present in all except A
A. Zygomycota B. . Basidiomycota
C. Chotridiomycota D. Ascomycota
834) The term pinocytosis refers to B
A. Cell eating B. Cell drinking
C. Cell cleavage D. Cytosis
835) Among the sterols, that present in plant is C
A. Cholesterol B. Ergosterol
C. . Stigmasterol D. Sphingosterol
836) Among various anthocyanidins, the cyaniding is found in the vacuole of D
A. Banana B. Tomato
C. Wheat D. Rose
837) Cells lacking a nucleus but still have genome are called A
A. Prokaryotes B. Eukaryota
C. Both of these D. None of these
838) Most functions in prokaryotes are performed by C
A. Cell wall B. Mesosomes
C. . Plasmalemma D. Heterosome
839) Fungi and most bacteria are non-photosynthetic, they yet differ from plants in having A
___________________ wall
A. Non-cellulosic B. Suberized
C. . Double layered D. Pectinated
840) The function of _______________ is to fill the cell and suspend the organelles C
A. Cell wall B. . Vacuole
C. Cytosol D. Lysosomes
841) Among different functions of ______________________, it regulates Ca levels and breaks the toxic D
substances
A. Golgi bodies B. Rough ER
C. Peroxisomes D. . Smooth ER
842) ________________ is the cell’s waste warehouse C
A. Cis-Golgi B. Lysosomes
C. Vacuole D. All of these
843) Compared to outer membrane, the inner mitochondrial membrane has a high ___________ ratio A
A. Protein/lipid B. Proteins/carbohydrates

C. Carbohydrates/lipids D. Lipids/calcium
844) In respiratory electron transport chain, last electron Cyt-b3carrier is ____________ D
A. A. Cyt-f B. Cyt-b3
C. Cyt-a1 D. Cyt-a3
845) Corresponding to matrix in mitochondria, the space in the chloroplast is _________ B
A. intermembrane space B. Stroma
C. Lumen D. Locule
846) The complex concerned with ATP synthesis is called ____________________________ C
A. F0F1 ATPase B. ATP oxidase
 C. F1F0 ATP synthase D. ATP kinase
847) The Calvin cycle takes place in _____________________ of the chloroplast A
A. Stroma B. Thylakoid lumen
C. Grana D. All these sites
848) Like mitochondria, the genome of chloroplast is also _____________________ B
A. linear B. Circular
C. Reticulate D. Fragmented
849) During cytokinesis, the division of plastids is like __________ A
A. Bacteria B. Amoeba
C. Statospore D. Oedogonium
850) Among the various types of endoplasmic reticulum, _____________ range widely in size C
A. Tubule B. Cisternae
C. Vesicles D. None of these
851) Of the two divisions, ______________ occurs earlier to _______________ A
A. Karyokinesis, cytokinesis B. Cytokinesis, karyokinesis
C. Both take place at the same time D. None is applicable
852) Three ____________________ are required for the elongation phase of protein synthesis B
A. Reducing factors B. Elongation Factors

C. Strengthening factors D. None of these

853) ____________________ is addition of sugar residues to the newly synthesized proteins D
A. Glucolation B. Glycogenation
C. Glucogenation D. Glycosilation
854) For his great discovery Camillo Golgi was awarded Nobel prize in _______________ A
A. 1906 B. 1912
C. 1915 D. 1919
855) In Golgi complex, ____________________ is the shipping end B
A. Cis-Golgi B. Trans-Golgi
C. . Medial Golgi D. Lateral-Golgi
856) Many _____________________ assemble together to form the Golgi bodies A
A. Dictyosomes B. . Lamellae
C. Vesicles D. All of these
857) Nuclear lamina is structurally composed of _________________ A
A. Lamins B. Laminins
C. Leumens D. Limans
858) Number of lamins in human nuclear lamina are _____________ D
A. Two B. . Four
C. Seventeen D. Seven
859) After their synthesis in _________________ the Lysosomes are packed in Golgi complex C
A. Nucleus B. Peroxisomes

C. Rough ER D. Smooth ER
860) The process in plants in which three organelles cooperate is called ________________ B
A. Respiration B. Photorespiration

C. β-oxidation D. Photosynthesis
861) Which of the following does not contain a cytoskeleton A
A. Bacillus B. . Maize

C. Amoeba D. Chara
862) Single membrane is present in D
A. Chloroplast B. Nucleus
C. .Mitochondria D. Lysosome
863) The ____________ is called the warehouse of the cell C
A. Lysosome B. Golgi Apparatus

C. Vacuole D. None of these

864) The out membrane of the mitochondria contains ________ phospholipids B
A. 40% B. 50%
C. 60% D. . 70%
865) Bilayer and non-bilayer phospholipids have C
A. Same shapes B. Similar shapes

C. Different shapes D. No shapes

866) The ____________ are the sites for the electron transport system and the synthesis of ATP A
A. Cristae B. Matrix
C. Inter-membrane space D. Outer membrane
867) The formation of actyl-CoA is catalyzed by D
A. Pyruvate oxidase B. Pyruvate ligase
C. Pyruvate synthase D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
868) In TCA cycle, with the addition of Acetyl CoA the next product formed is B
A. Oxaloacetate B. Citrate
C. Malate D. D. α-keto-glutarate
869) Among three stages of fatty acid catabolism, the first stage is B
A. α-oxidation B. β-oxidation
C. λ-oxidation D. . None of these
870) The percentage of proteins encoded by the mitochondrial genome in the mitochondria is A
A. Less than 10% B. More than 50%
C. About 100% D. Less than 1%
871) Among a number of similarities of bacteria and mitochondria, one is that both have C
A. Linear genome B. Fragmented genome
C. Circular genome D. Genome is absent in both
872) Replication in the mitochondrial genome starts with A
A. H strand B. L strand
C. H loop D. L loop
873) In the skeletal muscle, the mitochondrial biogenesis increases with D
A. Exercise B. Electrical stimulation

C. Development D. All these ways

874) Proplastids are found in D
A. Mature tissues B. Least developed tissues
C. Lignified tissues D. Tissues which have ceased to develop
875) Statoliths are found in C
A. Shoot apical cells B. Floral cells

C. Root cap cells D. . Root elongation zone

876) Quadrates having smallest perimeter known as__________. C
A. Rectangular quadrate B. Sequre quadrate
C. Round quadrate D. None of these
877) Which size of Quadrates used for sampling of shrubs__________. B
A. One meter square B. Five meter square
C. Ten meter square D. Two meter square
878) The type of method in which sampling is already decided known as __________. B
A. Regular B. Subjective
C. Random D. None of these
879) Quadrates used for measurement of dry weight of plants known as__________. D
A. Census quadrate B. Chart quadrate
 C. Basal area quadrate D. Clip quadrate
880) Method used for measurement of plants width perpendicular to transect line__________. A
A. Eberhadt method B. Weinberg method
C. Belt Method D. Chart method
881) The method used for study of circular organism for ensuring of accuracy__________. B
A. Strong method B. Weinberg method
C. Clip method D. Transect method
882) Which method is used to know the variation in species composition__________. A
A. Transect method B. Distance method
C. Nearest individual method D. Belt method
883) The type of method used to measure the relationship of plants__________. C
A. Line transect method B. Belt transect method
C. Distance method D. Strong method
884) Horizontal study of vegetation of a community known as__________. B
A. Distance method B. Bisect method
C. Randomly pairs method D. Nearest neighbour method
885) The study of three dimensional projection of canopy in air known as_________. D
A. Canopy cover B. Basal cover
C. Foliar cover D. Crown cover
886) __________is the relative contribution of species to entire community. D
A. Density B. Frequency
C. Relative importance value D. Importance value
887) In which method we studied the impact of species on plant community structure__________. C
A. Abundance B. Richness
C. Dominance D. Relative abundance
888) The sideways bar graph essentially used for assessment of wildlife habitats. A
A. Canopy profiles B. Canopy cover
C. Crown cover D. Ground cover
889) __________is used for measument of age of tree. D
A. Clinometer B. Clipper
C. Measuring tape D. DBH
890) C
The cover equal to shadow cast when the sun is directly overhead.
A. Canopy cover B. Basal cover
C. Foliar cover D. Crown cover
891) Number of time a species occurred in total number of sampled quadrates. B
A. Density B. Frequency
C. Relative frequency D. Importance value
892) The method used for measurement of foliar cover. A
A. Leaf area index B. Shanon Index
C. Net assimilation rate D. Leaf area
893) The method used to detemine the stability of habitats. D
A. Canopy cover B. Basal cover
C. Foliar cover D. Grond cover
894) The term species was defined on the basis of________________. D
A. Behavioral isolation B. Ecological isolation
C. Genetic isolation D. Reproduction isolation
895) Species having distribution independent to environmental factors known as________. C
A. Biological species B. Endemic species
C. Ubiquitous species D. Cosmopoliton species
896) ________is the results of expression of organism genes and influence of environmental factors. B
A. Genotype B. Phenotype
C. Physiology D. Physiognomy
897) Species reproduce without meiosis and produces genetically identical organism________. D
 A. Phenetic species B. Darwinian species
C. Genetic species D. Micro species
898) An ecosystem lie between the ________ and__________ for energy. D
A. Source and energy B. Biotic and Abiotic
C. Species and community D. Source and sink
899) =energy devoted to growth – respired –Reproduction X 100/energy assimilated. B
A. RE B. GE
C. AE D. EE
900) ________is the fundamental process common to all ecosystem. A
A. Energy flow B. Growth efficiency
C. Community D. Food chain
901) Infiltration rate of loamy soil is______________. C
A. 20-30 B. 10-20
C. 20-10 D. 10-0
902) Soil said to be at filed capacity after drainage of________________. A
A. Two days B. Five days
C. Three days D. One day
903) In which state of water molecules move freely and have high kinetic energy________. C
A. Solid B. Liquid
C. Gaseous D. Solution
904) Amount of energy needed to break the hydrogen bod of water known as____________. C
A. Evaporation B. Heat of collision
C. Latent heat of vaporization D. Heat energy
905) ____________is measured as the weight of water vapor in the air per unit weight of air. B
A. Absolute humidity B. Specific humidity
C. Relative humidity D. Mixing ratio
906) Fog formed when cool dry air settles over a warm, moist surface____________. C
A. Advection fog B. Upslope fog
C. Steam fog D. Frontal fog
907) Fog composed of super-cooled water drops. C
A. Drizzle B. Rain
C. Freezing Drizzle D. Freezing fog
908) Snow having small air pockets embedded within their structure and have visual remnants of ice crystals. B
A. Snow B. Snow pellets
C. Snow grains D. Ice pellet
909) Rice is an example of_________________. C
A. Floating hydrophytes B. Submerged hydrophytes
C. Emergent hydrophytes D. Mesophytes
910) Gas filled spaces formed in tissues of plants growing waterlogged condition called A
as_________________.
A. Aerenchyma B. Lacunae
C. Pneumatophores D. Sclerenchyma
911) Which plant show high root to shoot ratio to absorb maximum water_________________. C
A. Calotropis B. Cactus
C. Mesquit D. Mango
912) Plants having hard leaves to reduce water loss from surface known as_________________. B
A. Phreatophytes B. Ephemerals
C. Mesophytes D. Hydrophytes
913) Which group of plants showed maximum water use efficiency? A
A. CAM B. C3
C. C4 D. Hydrophytes
914) Which group of plants shows kranz anatomy? C
A. CAM B. C3
C. C4 D. Hydrophytes
915) Range of visible light is_______________. B
A. 280-400nm B. 400-700nm
C. 700-850nm D. 280-310nm
916) The time at which day length is equal to twelve hours across the world known as. B
A. Solstice B. Equinox
C. Angle of incidence D. Insolation
917) Light absorbed by phytochromes known as. B
A. Visible light B. IR light
C. UV light D. Radio-active light
918) Visible light reached the forest floor. A
A. 1-5% B. 0.25-2%
C. 3-4% D. 2%
919) Which one is most reflected wavelength of light? D
A. Blue B. Green
C. Far red D. Green and Far IR
920) Epiphytes is an example of_________. A
A. Heliophytes B. Schiophytes
C. Facultative sciophytes D. Facultative heliophytes
921) Group of plants having fewer stomata and less support from sclerenchyma. B
A. Heliophytes B. Schiophytes
C. Facultative sciophytes D. Facultative heliophytes
922) Change in species over a period of time. A
A. Succession B. Disturbance
C. Dynamics D. Hurricanes
923) Which type of succession is consequence of primary succession? B
A. Allogenic succession B. Autogenic succession
C. Degradation succession D. Succession
924) Succession in which community become simple and contain fewer species. B
A. Progressive succession B. Retrogressive succession
C. Autogenic succession D. Degradation succession
925) A protected area which cover vast range of natural habitats and human’s activities are allowed. C
A. Wildlife sanctuaries B. National parks
C. Biosphere reserves D. Islands
926) Water is liquid at room temperature due to
A. Ionic bonding B. Covalent bonding c
C. Hydrogen boding D. Mutual sharing
927) Water molecule shows V-shape structure with an angle of about
A. 103 ° B. 105 ° b
C. 107 ° D. 109 °
928) Cohesive forces are present between A
A. Similar molecules B. Different molecules
C. Liquid and container D. Liquid and atmosphere
929) The amount of energy required to convert 1 g of water from solid (ice) to liquid state at 0 °C
A. Heat of vaporization B. Heat of fusion b
C. Specific heat D. Viscosity
930) The amount of energy required to convert 1g of liquid into vapors
A. Heat of vaporization B. Heat of fusion a
C. Specific heat D. Viscosity
931) The density of water is maximum at cc
A. 0 ºC B. 2 ºC c
C. 4 ºC D. 6 ºC
932) Hindrance to flow of liquid aa
A. Viscosity B. Vaporization a
 C. Fusion D. Diffusion
933) Adhesion is the force of attraction between B
A. Similar surfaces B. Water b
C. Dissimilar surfaces D. Gases
934) If the pH of medium is greater than 7 then it will be
A. Acidic B. Neutral d
C. Saline D. Alkaline
935) If the pH of medium is less than 7 then it will be
A. Acidic B. Neutral a
C. Saline D. Alkaline
936) If the pH of medium is equal to 7 then it will be
A. Acidic B. Neutral b
C. Saline D. Alkaline
937) In gymnosperm's xylem --------------- are present A
A. Tacheids B. Vessels
C. hairs D. Trichomes
938) In angiosperm's xylem --------------- are present
A. Tacheids B. Vessels b
C. hairs D. Trichomes
939) Dye method or falling drop method was proposed by B
b
A. Dixon B. Chardakov
C. Taize D. Hopkins
940) A single cell turgor pressure can be determined by Aa
a
A. Pressure probe B. Pressure chamber
C. Osmometer D. Psychrometer
941) Maximum value of pure free water is equal to D

A. 1 MPa B. 1.5 MPa

C. 2 MPa D. 0 MPa
942) A plant hormone is always -------------- in nature Bb
A. Inorganic B. Organic b
C. Mineral D. Ion
943) Hormones are effective in
A. High concentration B. low concentration c
C. very low concentration D. medium concentration
944) Calcium and potassium are required for growth but they are not hormone because they are
A. Inorganic B. Organic a
C. Macronutrients D. Essential nutrients
945) The power fo movement book is written by
A. Mendel B. Hopkins c
C. Darwin D. Dixon
946) The first hormone was isolated by
A. Darwin B. Monceau d
C. Ross D. Fritz Went
947) The gaseous hormone which is present in plants is known as
A. Auxin B. Cytokinins d
C. Tocopherols D. Ethylene
948) Receptors of water soluble hormones are present in/on
A. cytoplasm B. Cell membrane b
C. Vacuole D. Mitochondria
949) Receptors of lipid soluble hormones are present in/on A
A. Cytoplasm B. Cell membrane a
 C. Vacuole D. Mitochondria
950) The response of plant to relative length of day and night is known as
A. Cellular respone B. Photoperiodism b
C. Geotropism D. Plant movement
951) The plants which flower when day length is greater than critical day length are known as
A. Short day plants B. Long day plants b
C. Day neutral plants D. Intermediate day length plants
952) The plants which flower when day length is less than critical day length are known as
A. Short day plants B. Long day plants a
C. Day neutral plants D. Intermediate day length plants
953) The day length which is essentially required for flowering is called
A. Short days B. Long days d
C. Photoperiodism D. Critical day length
954) Low temperature treatment to induce flowering in plants is called
A. Photoperiodism B. Vernalization b
C. Photosynthesis D. Water uptake
955) The most effective temperature range for vernalization is
A. 1-5 ºC B. 1-3 ºC c
C. 1-7 ºC D. 4-11ºC
956) The gene which is involved in vernalization process is
A. FLC B. FLD a
C. FLO D. FLE
957) The active form of phytochrome is B
A. Pr form B. Pfr form
C. Type A form D. Type C form
958) Relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of light on photomorphogenesis
A. Absorption spectrum B. Photosynthesis d
C. Respiration D. Action spectrum
959) Plants in which flowering neither occur in short days nor long days
A. Short day plants B. Long day plants d
C. Day neutral plants D. Intermediate day length plants
960) Phytochrome synthesized in the form of
A. Pr form B. Pfr form a
C. Type A form D. Type C form
961) Stable form of phytochrome is
A. Pr form B. Pfr form a
C. Type A form D. Type C form
962) Pr form of phytochrome is
A. Red in color B. Green in color B
C. Yellow in color D. Blue in color
963) Pfr form of phytochrome is A
A. B.
C. D.
964) Biological activities that cycle in approximately twenty-four-hour intervals are called B
A. Stomatal regulation B. Circadian rhythm
C. Photosythesis D. Respiration
965) The number fo floral organ identity genes in arabidopsis is B
A. 3 B. 5
C. 7 D. 9
966) Ripened ovule is called C
A. Vegetable B. Fruit
C. Seed D. Ovary
967) Those plants which do not respond to photoperiods C
 A. Short day plants B. Long day plants
C. Day neutral plants D. Intermediate day length plants
968) Ripened ovary is called B
A. stem B. fruit
C. seed D. ovary
969) In monocot main storage organ in seed is B
A. Cotyledon B. Endosperm
C. Ovule D. Vacuole
970) In dicot main storage organ in seed is A
A. Cotyledon B. Endosperm
C. Ovule D. Vacuole
971) In hypogeal germination A
A. Cotyledon remain under ground B. Cotyledon grow up in air
C. Cotyledon did not grow D. non of them
972) Plants in which flowering is inhibited by intermediate day length A
A. Amphiphotoperiodic plants B. Long day plants
C. Day neutral plants D. Intermediate day length plants
973) Auxin stimulates D
A. Cell division B. Cell enlargment
C. Apical dominance D.
974) Auxin is synthesized directly from the amino acid C
A. Proline B. Cystein
C. Tryptophan D. Glycine
975) Rate of polar transport of auxin B
A. 5-15 cm/h B. 2-20 cm/h
C. 1-10 cm/h D. 10-20 cm/h
976) Number of PIN formed proteins in Arabidopsis is B
A. 4 B. 8
C. 12 D. 16
977) Germination of plants is of A
A. Two types B. Three types
C. Four types D. Five types
978) Coleorhiza sheath enclosed the A
A. Radicle B. Plumule
C. Both a & b D. Non of them
979) Peripheral layer enclosing the endosperm is called D
A. Seed coat B. Testa
C. Cotyledon D. Aleurone layer
980) Phytochromobilins are synthesized in C
A. Vacuole B. Mitochondria
C. Plastids D. Nucleus
981) In plants phytochromes are of B
A. 3 types B. 5 types
C. 7 types D. 8 types
982) Phytochromes are D
A. Plant hormones B. Pheromones
C. Vitamins D. Plant pigments
983) Short-long-day plants requires D
A. Long days followed by short days B. Short days followed by long days
C. Short days D. Day-neutral plants
984) By the addition of solutes water potential D
A. Becomes neutral B. Increased
C. Remain constant D. Decreased
985) Water is universal solvent. This property of water is mainly due to C
A. Adhesive forces B. Cohesive forces
C. Hydrogen bonding D. Covalent bonding
986) In a normal plant water rate ranges from C
A. 20-40% B. 60-80%
C. 70-90% D. All above
987) Major constituent of protoplast is A
A. Water B. Cellulose
C. Carbon D. Oxygen
988) Salicylic acid was discoved from -------------- plant C
A. Ficus B. Eucalyptus
C. Willow D. Carrot
989) Salicylic acid transmission is through C
A. Vascular tissue B. Roots
C. Air D. stem
990) Salicylic acid is calorigenic substance which produces heat during fertilization B
A. ATP B. Heat
C. NADH D. Cell division
991)
992) Jasmonates are released as ---------------- compounds from trees C
A. Organic B. Covalent
C. Volatile D. Liquid
993) Systemin is a polypeptide composed of B
A. 16 amino acids B. 18 amino acids
C. 20 amino acids D. 22 amino acids
994) Tocopherols are also known as B
A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D D. Vitamin E
995) Tocopherols have -------------- froms B
A. 2 B. 3
C. 5 D. 7
996) Wilting toxin hormone is C
A. Auxin B. Gibberellin
C. Fusicoccin D. Systemin
997) Triacontanol is hormone composed of ---------------- carbons
A. 20 B. 25 C
C. 30 D. 35
998) Batasins were isolated from C
A. Carrot B. Cabbage
C. Yam plants D. Willow tree
999) The first steroidal hormone discovered in plants is C
A. Abscisic acid B. Ethylene
C. Brassinosteroid D. Turgorins
1000) Visually brassinosteroid hormones have resemblance with A
A. Crotisol B. Ethylene
C. Abscisic acid D. Turgorins
1001) Brassinosteroids are recognized at the B
A. Cytosol B. Cell membrane
C. Cell wall D. Nuclear membrane