ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III

9. A steady P.D. of 10V produces heat at a rate

LEVEL-I (C.W) 'x' in resistor. The peak value of A.C. voltage
which will produce heat at rate of x/2 in same
INSTANTANEOUS, PEAK,R.M.S & resistor is
AVERAGE VALUES OF A.C AND A.V 1) 5 V 2) 5 2 V 3) 10 V 4) 10 2 V
1. The r.m.s. value of an a.c. of 50 Hz is 10 A. 10. An alternating voltage of E = 200 2sin(100t)V
The time taken by the alternating current in is connected to a condenser of 1 µF through
reaching from zero to maximum value and the an A.C. ammeter. The reading of the ammeter
peak value of current will be will be
1) 2 × 10−2 sec and 14.14 A 2) 1×10− 2 sec and 7.07 A 1) 10 mA 2) 40 mA 3) 80 mA 4) 20 mA
3) 5 ×10− 3 sec and 7.07 A 4) 5× 10−3 sec and 14.14 A 11. The inductance of a coil is 0.70 henry. An A.C.
2. An inductor has a resistance R and inductance source of 120 volt is connected in parallel with
L. It is connected to an A.C. source of e.m.f it. If the frequency of A.C. is 60Hz, then the
EV and angular frequency ω , then the current current which is flowing in inductance will be
Iv in the circuit is 1) 4.55 A 2) 0.355 A 3) 0.455 A 4) 3.55 A
EV E EV  EV 
2
E V 
2 TRANSFORMER
1) 2) V 3) 4)   +   12. A transformer steps up an A.C. voltage from
ωL R R 2 + ω 2L2  R  ωL 
230 V to 2300 V. If the number of turns in the
3. The peak voltage of 220 Volt AC mains (in Volt) secondary coil is 1000, the number of turns in
is the primary coil will be
1) 155.6 2) 220.0 3) 311 4) 440.0 1) 100 2) 10,000 3) 500 4) 1000
4. The peak value of A.C. is 2 2A . It’s apparent 13. The transformer ratio of a transformer is 5. If
value will be the primary voltage of the transformer is 400
1) 1A 2) 2A 3) 4A 4) zero V, 50 Hz, the secondary voltage will be
5. Alternating current in circuit is given by 1) 2000 V, 250 Hz 2) 80 V, 50 Hz
I = I 0 sin 2π nt . Then the time taken by the 3) 80 V, 10 Hz 4) 2000 V, 50 Hz
current to rise from zero to r.m.s. value is equal 14. A step-up transformer works on 220V and gives
to 2 A to an external resistor. The turn ratio between
the primary and secondary coils is 2:25.
1) 1/2n 2) 1/n 3) 1/4n 4) 1/8n
Assuming 100% efficiency, find the secondary
6. Using an A.C. voltmeter the potential
voltage, primary current and power delivered
difference in the electrical line in a house is respectively
read to be 234 volt. If the line frequency is 1) 2750 V, 25 A, 5500 W 2) 2750 V, 20 A, 5000 W
known to be 50 cycles/second, the equation for 3) 2570 V, 25 A, 550 W 4) 2750 V, 20 A, 55 W
the line voltage is
1) V = 165 sin(100π t ) 2) V = 331 sin(100π t ) A.C ACROSS L-R, L-C &
L-C-R SERIES CIRCUITS
3) V = 220 sin(100π t ) 4) V = 440 sin(100π t )
1
7. A mixer of 100Ω resistance is connected to 15. A coil of self - inductance  π  H is connected
 
an A.C. source of 200V and 50 cycles/sec. The in series with a 300 Ω resistance. A voltage of
value of average potential difference across 200V at frequency 200Hz is applied to this
the mixer will be combination. The phase difference between
1) 308V 2) 264V 3) 220V 4) zero the voltage and the current will be
A.C ACROSS PURE RESISTOR, −1  4  −1  3  −1  1  5
1) tan   2) tan   3) tan   4) tan−1  
INDUCTOR & CAPACITOR 3 4 4 4
8. The equation of an alternating voltage is 16. A condenser of 10µF and an inductor of 1H
E=220 sin( ωt + π / 6) and the equation of the are connected in series with an A.C. source of
current in the circuit is I=10 sin( ωt − π / 6) . frequency 50Hz. The impedance of the
Then the impedance of the circuit is combination will be (take π 2 = 10 )
1) 10 ohm 2) 22 ohm 3) 11 ohm 4) 17 ohm 1) zero 2) Infinity 3) 44.7 Ω 4) 5.67 Ω

154 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

 NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III ALTERNATING CURRENT
17. A 100 km telegraph wire has capacity of 23. The voltage time (V - t) graph for triangular
0.02 µF / km , if it carries an alternating current wave having peak value V 0 is as shown in
of frequency 5 kHZ. The value of an figure.
inductance required to be connected in series
so that the impedence is minimum.
1) 50.7mH 2) 5.07mH 3) 0.507mH 4) 507mH
18. In an LCR series circuit the rms voltages
across R, L and C are found to be 10 V, 10 V
and 20 V respectively. The rms voltage across
the entire combination is
The rms value of V in time interval from t = 0
1) 30 V 2) 1 V 3) 20V 4) 10 2 V
T
19. In the circuit shown, a 30V d.c. source gives a to is
4
current 2.0 A as recorded in the ammeter A
and 30V a.c. source of frequency 100Hz gives V0 V V0
1) 2) 0 3) 4) 2 Vo
a current 1.2A. The inductive reactance is 3 2 2
R L
LEVEL-I (C.W) - KEY
1) 4 2) 3 3) 3 4) 2 5) 4 6) 2 7) 4
8) 2 9) 3 10) 4 11) 3 12) 1 13) 4 14) 1
A
15) 1 16) 1 17) 3 18) 4 19) 2 20) 3 21) 4
1) 10 ohm 2) 20 ohm 3) 5 34 ohm 4) 40 ohm
22) 3 23) 1
20. A choke coil has negligible resistance. The
alternating potential drop across it is 220 volt LEVEL-I (C.W) - HINTS
and the current is 5mA. The power consumed 1 T
is 1. i0 = 2irms , T = ,t =
f 4
5 220
1) 220 × W 2) W E0
1000 5 i= , X L = Lω
2.
3) zero 4) 2.20 x 5W R2 + X L2
21. In an A.C. circuit, the instantaneous values of 3.
V0 = 2.Vr.m. s. = 2 × 200 = 311 volt
e.m.f. and current are E = 200 sin 314t volt
and I = sin(314t + π /3) ampere then the I0
4. I rms =
average power consumed in watts is 2
1) 200 2) 100 3) 0 4) 50 T 1
t= =
22. In a black box of unkown elements (L, C or R 5. 4 4f
or any other combination) an AC voltage
6. E = E0 sin ω t ; voltage read is r.m.s. value
E = E 0 sin(ω t + φ) is applied and current in the
circuit was found to be i = i 0 sin(ω t + φ + π /4) . E0 = 2 × 234V = 331 volt
Then the unknown elements in the box may and ω t = 2π n t = 2π × 50 × t = 100 π t
be Thus, the eqn of line voltage is given by
Z V = 331 sin(100π t )
7. For one complete rotation, average voltage is zero
E0
8. Z=
I0
1) only capacitor 2) both inductor and resistor v2 v2 x v
3) either capacitor, resistor and inductor or only 9. = x , 1 = ⇒ v1 =
R R 2 2
capacitor and resistor
4) only resistor ∴ in the second case Vrms = V1 ∴ V0 = 2 V1

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 155

 ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III

rmsE 0 E ωC
10. I rms = X = 2 LEVEL-I (H.W)
C
11. XL = 2π fl = 6.28 × 60 × 0.70 = 263.76Ω
INSTANTANEOUS, PEAK,R.M.S &
V 120 AVERAGE VALUES OF A.C AND A.V
I= = = 0.455 A
X L 263.76 1. For a given AC source the average emf during
ns Vs the positive half cycle
12. n = V 1) depends on E0
p p
2) depends on shape of wave
Vs 3) both 1 and 2
13. Frequency remains same. V = 5
p 4) depends only on peak value of E0
Es N s i p 2. An alternating emf given by V = V0 Sin ω t has
14. E = N = i , P = Esis peak value 10 volt and frequency 50 Hz. The
p p s
1
2π fL
f =
1 instantaneous emf at t = s is
15. tan θ = , 600
R 2π LC
 
1 1) 10 V 2) 5 3V 3) 5 V 4) 1V
16. Z =  2π fL − 2π fC  3. The equation of A.C. of frequency 75Hz, if it’s
 
RMS value is 20A is
1 1 1
17. ω = ⇒L= 2 = 1) I = 20Sin (150π t ) 2) I = 20 2Sin (150π t )
LC ω C (2π n) 2 C
20
3) I = Sin (150π t ) 4) I = 20 2Sin ( 75π t )
18. V = V + (VL − VC )
2 2
R 2
4. The voltage of an A.C. source varies with time
V 30
19. When d.c. source, R = = = 15Ω according to the equation V = 50sin100π t cos100π t ,
I 2 where 't' is in sec and 'V' is in volt. Then
30 1) The peak voltage of the source is 100 V
When a.c. source, Z = = 25Ω
1.2 2) The peak voltage of the source is 100/ 2V
X L = (25) 2 − (15) 2 = 625 − 225 = 20Ω 3) The peak voltage of the source is 25 V
4) The frequency of the source is 50 Hz
20. Average power is zero 5. The form factor for a sinusoidal A.C. is
1 200 1) 2 2 : π 2) π : 2 2 3) 2 : 1 4) 1 : 2
21. Pavg = I rmsErms cos φ = × cos60 °
2 2 6. At resonance the peak value of current in L-
50W C-R series circuit is
22. Here current leads the voltage. So, there is E0
reactance which is capacitive 1) E0 /R 2) 2
 1 
⇒ X = X C − X L or X = X C alone besides R R 2 +  ωL − 
 ω C
23. Ans : (a)
E0
V t 4V t 3) E0 4)
V= 0 = 0 2 2R
T T  1 
4 2 R 2 +  ω 2L − 2 2 
 ωC 
T 4  7. In an AC circuit, the rms value of the current,
 2 
 t dt 
4V0  0  V0
∫ I rms is related to the peak current I 0 as
=  = 1 1
Vrms = V2 T  4T
 3 1) I r m s = I0 2) I r m s = I0
π 2


dt 
 ∫ 3) I r m s = 4) I rms = π I 0
 0  2I 0

156 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

 NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III ALTERNATING CURRENT
8. A voltmeter connected in an A.C circuit reads 17. The transformer ratio of a transformer is 10:1.
220V. It represents, If the primary voltage is 440V, secondary emf
1) peak voltage 2) RMS voltage is
3) Average voltage 4) Mean square voltage 1) 44 V 2) 440V 3) 4400 V 4) 44000 V
9. If the instantaneous current in a circuit is given A.C ACROSS L-R, L-C & L-C-R
by I = 2cos (ω t + φ ) A, the rms value of the SERIES CIRCUITS
18. The frequency at which the inductive reactance
current is of 2H inductance will be equal to the capacitive
1) 2 A 2) 2 A 3) 2 2 A 4) zero reactance of 2 µF capacitance (nearly)
10. The time taken by an AC of 50 Hz in reaching 1) 80Hz 2) 40 Hz 3) 60Hz 4) 20Hz
from zero to its maximum value will be 19. In a series LCR circuit R = 10Ω and the
1) 0.5 s 2) 0.005 s 3) 0.05 s 4) 5s impedance Z = 20 Ω . Then the phase
11. A generator produces a voltage that is given difference between the current and the voltage
by V=240 sin 120t V, where t is in second. The is
frequency and r.m.s. voltage are respectively 1) 60o 2) 30o 3) 45o 4) 90o
1) 60Hz and 240V 2) 19Hz and 120V 20. In an L-C-R series circuit,
3) 19Hz and 170V 4) 754Hz and 170V R = 5Ω, X L = 9Ω, XC = 7Ω . If applied voltage
A.C ACROSS PURE RESISTOR, in the circuit is 50V then impedance of the
circuit in ohm will be
INDUCTOR & CAPACITOR
12. A 220 V, 50 Hz AC supply is connected across 1) 2 2) 3 3) 2 5 4) 3 5
a resistor of 50 k Ω . The current at time t 21. In an AC circuit the potential differences
across an inductance and resistance joined in
second, assuming that it is zero at t = 0, is series are respectively 16 V and 20 V. The total
1) 4.4sin ( 314t ) mA 2) 6.2sin ( 314t ) mA potential difference across the circuit is
1) 20 V 2) 25.6 V 3) 31.9 V 4) 53.5 V
3) 4.4sin (157t ) mA 4) 6.2sin (157t ) mA 22. Current in an ac circuit is given by
i = 3sin ω t + 4cos ω t then
13. A resistance of 20Ω is connected to a source
1) rms value of current is 5 A
of alternating current rated 110 V, 50 Hz. Then 2) mean value of this current in one half period will
the time taken by the current to change from
be 6/π
its maximum value to the r.m.s. value is
3) if voltage applied is V = Vm sin ωt then the
1) 2.5 ×10−3 sec 2) 2.5 ×10−2 sec
circuit must be containing resistance and
3) 5 ×10 −3 sec 4) 25 ×10−3 sec capacitance
14. A condenser of capacity 1pF is connected to 4) if voltage applied is V = Vm sin ωt , the circuit may
an A.C source of 220V and 50Hz frequency. contain resistance and inductance
The current flowing in the circuit will be 23. A fully charged capacitor C with initial
1) 6.9 x 10-8A 2) 6.9A 3) 6.9 x 10-6A 4) zero charge q0 is connected to a coil of self
1000 inductance L at t = 0 . The time at which the
15. In a circuit, the frequency is f = Hz and
2π energy is stored equally between the electric
the inductance is 2 henry, then the reactance and the magnetic fields is
will be π
1) LC 2) 2π LC 3) LC 4) π LC
1) 200Ω 2) 200µΩ 3) 2000Ω 4) 2000µΩ 4
LEVEL-I (H.W) - KEY
TRANSFORMER
1) 3 2) 3 3) 2 4) 3 5) 2 6) 1 7) 2
16. The transformer ratio of a transformer is 10:1.
The current in the primary circuit if the secondary 8) 2 9) 2 10) 2 11) 3 12) 2 13) 1 14) 1
current required is 100 A assuming the 15) 3 16) 3 17) 3 18) 1 19) 1 20) 2 21) 2
transformer be ideal, is 22) 3 23) 1
1) 500 A 2) 200 A 3) 1000 A 4) 2000 A
NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 157
 ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III

LEVEL-I (H.W) - HINTS 22.. Ans : (c)

2E0 2E0 3 4 
sin (ω t ) dt = i = 5  sin ωt + cos ωt  = 5 sin (ω t + δ )
T /2
1. Eav =
T ∫
0 π 5 5 
1
V = 10sin (100π t ) ;
5
2. t= s rms value is
600 2
3. i = i0 sin ωt = 2 i rms sin ( 2π ft ) Mean value can not be decided.
Here current leads voltage so, it is RC circuit
4. V0 = 2.Vr.m. s. 23. As initially charge is maximum
rms value q = q0 cos ωt
5. Form factor =
avg value over half a cycle dq
⇒i= = −ω q0 sin ωt
I dt
9. Irms = 0
2
1 2 q2
T 1 Given Li =
10. t = = 2 2C
4 4f
( q cos ω t )
2
11. V = Vm sinω t compare to given equation, we get 1
⇒ L ( ω q0 sin ωt ) = 0
2

Vm = 240 and ω = 120 2 2C

ω 120 1
f = = = 19 H 2 and But, ω = ⇒ tan ωt = 1
2π 6.28 LC
Vm 240
voltage = 2 = 2 = 170V π π π
ωt = ⇒t = = LC
4 4ω 4
12. i = i0 sin ω t
E0 2 × Erms LEVEL-I (H.W)
ω = 2π f ; i0 = =
R R
i0
INSTANTANEOUS, PEAK,R.M.S &
13. E = E 0 cos ωt , i = i0 cos ( 2π ft ) but i = AVERAGE VALUES OF A.C AND A.V
2 1. The average current of a sinusoidally varrying
E alternating current of peak value 5A with initial
14. irms = rms phase zero, between the instants t = T/8 to t =
Xc
T/4 is ( Where 'T' is time period)
1000
15. X L = ω L = 2 π fl = 2 π × × 2 = 2000Ω 10 5 20 2 10
2π 2 A 2) 2 A 3) A 4) A
1)
NS I p π π π π
16. N = I A.C ACROSS L-R, L-C &
p s
L-C-R SERIES CIRCUITS
NS Vs
17. N = V
1 2. A 100Ω resistance is connected in series with
18. f = 2π LC
p p a 4H inductor. The voltage across the resistor
R is VR = 2sin (1000t )V . The voltage across the
19. cos φ =
Z inductor is
20. Impedance, Z = R+XC+XL  π  π 
1) 80sin  1000t + 2  2) 40sin  1000t + 2 
= ( )
5i − 7 j + 9 j = 5i + 2 j    
  π  π
| Z |= 5 + 4 = 9 = 3 3) 80sin  1000t − 2  4) 40sin  1000t − 2 
   
21. Vrms = 16 2 + 20 2 = 656 ≈ 2 5.6V

158 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

 NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III ALTERNATING CURRENT
3. The reading of voltmeter and ammeter in the 8. The figure shows variation of R, XL and XC
following figure will respectively be with frequenc f in a series L, C, R circiut. Then
for what frequency point, the circiut is inductive
A
XC = 4Ω V 90V XC XL

XL = 4Ω R = 45Ω R
1) 0 and 2A 2) 2A and 0V
3) 2V and 2A 4) 0V and 0A A B C f
4. In the following circuit, the values of current 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) All points
flowing in the circuit at f = 0 and f = ∞ will 9. A constant voltage at different frequencies is
respectively be applied across a capacitance C as shown in the
0.01H 10–5F 25Ω figure. Which of the following graphs correctly
depicts the variation of current with frequency

C
A

200V A.C. generator

I
1) 8A and 0A 2) 0A and 0A I

3) 8A and 8A 4) 0A and 8A
5. In the series L-C-R circuit figure the voltmeter
1) 2)
and ammeter readings are
400V 400V ω ω
V
I I

R = 50Ω L C
A 3) 4)
100V 50Hz
ω ω
10. In a series L − C − R circuit R = 200Ω and the
1) V=100 volt, I=2A 2) V=100 volt, I = 5 A voltage and the frequency of the main supply
3) V=1000 volt, I=2A 4) V=300 volt, I = 1 A is 220 V and 50Hz respectively. On taking out
6. The potential difference between the ends of the capacitance from the circuit the current
a resistance R is VR , between the ends of lags behind the voltage by 300 . On taking out
capacitor is VC = 2VR and between the ends of the inductor from the circuit the current leads
inductance is VL =3VR . Then the alternating
the voltage by 300 . The power dissipated in
potential of the source in terms of VR will be
the L − C − R circuit is
VR 1) 305 W 2) 210 W 3) zero 4) 242 W
1) 2VR 2) VR 3) 4) 5VR
2 11. In a series resonant LCR circuit, the voltage
7. A 220V, 50Hz a.c. generator is connected to across R is 100V and R = 1k Ω with C = 2µ F .
an inductor and a 50Ω resistance in series. The resonant frequency ω is 200 rad/s. At
The current in the circuit is 1.0A. The P.D. resonance the voltage across L is
across inductor is 1) 2.5 ×10 −2V 2) 40 V 3) 250 V 4) 4 ×10 −3V
1) 102.2V 2) 186.4V 3) 213.6V 4) 302V

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 159

 ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III
1
LEVEL-II (C.W) - KEY 11. At resonance, ω L =
ωC
1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 2 5) 1 6) 1 7) 3 current flowing through the circuit
8) 3 9) 2 10) 4 11) 2 V 100
I= R = = 0.1A
LEVEL-II (C.W) - HINTS R 1000
So, voltage across L is given by
T /4

< i >=
∫ T/8
idt
VL = I X L = I ω L but ω L =
I
1. T /4 ω
∫ T/8
dt
I 0.1
VI = = = 250V
(V0 ) R  π ωC 200 × 2 ×10
−6

2. i= , VL = (V0 ) L sin ωt +  and (V0 ) L = XLi

R  2
E LEVEL-II (H.W)
3. I rms = rms = 2A ; Vrms = I rms (XL − X C ) = 0
R
∴ circuit is at resonance INSTANTANEOUS, PEAK,R.M.S &
4. I =
E
=
E AVERAGE VALUES OF A.C AND A.V
Z
 1 
2 1. An alternating current 'i' is given by
R 2 +  2π f L − 
 2 π f C  i = i0 sin 2π (t / T + 1 / 4) . Then the average
current in the first one quarter time period is
Vr. m. s. Vr. m. s. 100
5. I r .m. s. = = = = 2A 2i I I 3I
Z R 50 1) 0 2) 0 3) 0 4) 0
π π 2π π
V = VR2 + (VL − VC )
2
A.C ACROSS L-R, L-C &
L-C-R SERIES CIRCUITS
V S = VB + VC + VL = VR $i − 2V R $j + 3V R $j
6. 2. In an LR circuit, R = 10 Ω and L = 2H. If an
alternating voltage of 120V and 60Hz is
= VR $i +V R $j , V = 2VR
connected in this circuit, then the value of
current flowing in it will be _______ A (nearly)
E 220 1) 0.32 2) 0.16 3) 0.48 4) 0.8
7. I= , ∴ I= , Z=220Ω 3. The equation of an alternating current is
Z Z
I = 50 2 sin400πt A, then the frequency and
Z 2 = R 2 + X L2 ∴ XL = Z 2 − R2 the root mean square value of the current are
1 1
respectively.
L= Z 2 − R2 ∴L = Z 2 − R 2 = 0.68H
1) 200Hz, 50 A 2) 400Hz, 50 2A
ω 2π f

∴VL = ω LI = 2π × 0.5 × 0.68 ×1 = 213.6 V 3) 200Hz, 50 2A 4) 500Hz, 200A

8. AtA :XC > XL ; At B : XC = XL ; At C : XC < XL 360
4. A circuit operating at Hz contains a 1µ F
1 2π
9. For capacitive circuits X C = capacitor and a 20Ω resistor. The inductor
ωC
must be added in series to make the phase
V
∴i = V ωC ⇒ i ∝ ω angle for the circuit zero is
XC 1) 7.7 H 2) 10 H 3) 3.5 H 4) 15 H
5. A resistor R and capacitor C are connected in
10. The given circuit is under resonance as X L = X C series across an AC source of rms voltage 5
Hence, power dissipated in the circuit is V. If the rms voltage across C is 3 V then that
V2 across R is
P= = 242W 1) 1V 2) 2 V 3) 3 V 4) 4 V
R

160 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

 NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III ALTERNATING CURRENT
6. An LCR series circuit containing a resistance TRANSFORMER
of 120Ω has angular resonance frequency 13. The efficiency of a transformer is 98%. The
−1 primary voltage and current are 200 V and 6A.
4 ×10 r a d S . At resonance the voltage
5
If the secondary voltage is 100 V, the
across resistance and inductance are 60V and secondary current is
40V respectively. Then the values of L and C
1) 11.76 A 2) 12.25 A 3) 3.06 A 4) 2.94 A
are respectively.
1) 0.2 mH ,1/32 µ F 2) 0.4 mH ,1/16 µ F LEVEL-II (H.W) - KEY
3) 0.2 mH ,1/16 µ F 4) 0.4 mH ,1/32 µ F 1) 1 2) 2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 4 6) 1 7) 3
7. The natural frequency of an LC - circuit is 8) 2 9) 4 10) 2 11) 4 12) 2 13) 3
1,25,000 cycles per second. Then the capacitor
C is replaced by another capacitor with a LEVEL-II (H.W) - HINTS
dielectric medium of dielectric contant k. In
T /4
this case, the frequency decreases by 25 kHz.
The value of k is < i >=
∫o idt
1. T /4

8.
1) 3.0 2) 2.1 3) 1.56 4) 1.7
In the given figure, the instantaneous value of
∫o
dt

alternating e.m.f. is e = 14.14 sin ωt . The I= =

E E
2. Z
reading of voltmeter in volt will be R +4 π 2 f 2L2
2

XL

V
300Ω
A 3. I = 50 2sin400 π t ; I = I0 sin ω t
Comparing two equations, we get
XC
ω = 2π f = 400π ; f = 200Hz
R 200Ω

1) 141.4 2) 10 3) 200.0 4) 70.7 and I 0 = 50 2

9. A coil of inductance 0.1H is connected to 50V,
100Hz generator and current is found to be I0
0.5A. The potential difference across I rms = = 50 A
2
resistance of the coil is
1) 15V 2) 20V 3) 25V 4) 39V 1
4. ωL =
10. The voltage of A.C. source varies with time ωC
according equation. V = 120 sin100πt cos
100 π t. Then the frequency of source is 5. E = ER2 + EC2
1) 50Hz 2) 100Hz 3) 150Hz 4) 200Hz 6. At resonance
11. The current in a coil of self inductance 5 henry V VL 1
is increasing according to i = 2sin 2 t . The i= = ; X L = ω L, ω =
R XL LC
amount of energy spent during the period when
current changes from 0 to 2 amperes is 1 n1 C2 Kc n1
1) 10J 2) 5J 3) 100J 4) 2J 7. n= ;n = = ; = K
12. In an AC circuit the voltage applied is 2π LC 2 C1 c n2
8. Reading of voltmeter in rms value
E = E0 sin ω t . The resulting current in the
14.14
 π
I = I 0 sin  ω t −  .
E= = 10V
circuit is The power 2
 2
consumption in the circuit is given by E 50
9. I= ; 0.5= Z = 100Ω
E0 I 0 Z Z
1) P = 2) P= zero
2 Z = R +ω L
2 2 2 2 , then R =
78Ω

3) P =
E0 I 0
4) P = 2 E0 I 0 Now VR = VLR2 − VL2 = 39V ; VR2 + VL2 = VLR2 
2

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 161

 ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III

10. V = 120sin 100π t cos100π t 4. An ideal inductor takes a current of 10 A when

= 60 x 2 sin 100π t.cos100π t connected to a 125 V, 50 Hz AC supply. A pure
resistor across the same source takes 12.5 A.
= 60sin 200π t and ∴ω = 200π
if the two are connected in series across a
∴ n = 100cps
11. Energy E = 1/2LI2 100 2V , 40 Hz supply, the current through
When I = change of current from minimum to the circuit will be
maximum. = 2–0 = 2J. 1) 10 A 2) 12.5 A 3) 20 A 4) 25 A
12. For given circuit current is lagging the voltage by 5. A circuit containing resistance R1 , Inductance
π / 2 so circuit is purely inductive and there is no L1 and capacitance C1 connected in series
power consumption in the circuit. The work resonates at the same frequency 'n' as a
done by battery is stored as magnetic energy in
the inductor. second combination of R2 , L2 and C2 . If the
Vs I s 98 100 × is two are connected in series. Then the circuit
13. η = V I ⇒ 100 = 200 × 6 will resonates at
p p
L2 C 2 L1C1
1) n 2) 2n 3) 4)
LEVEL-III L1C1 L2 C 2
6. An AC source of variable frequency is applied
1. An AC voltage source of variable angular across a series L-C-R circuit. At a frequency
frequency ω and fixed amplitude V0 is double the resonance frequency. The
connected in series with a capacitance C and impedance is 10 times the minimum
an electric bulb of resistance R (inductance impedance. The inductive reactance is
zero). When ω is increased 1) R 2) 2R 3) 3R 4) 4R
1) The bulb glows dimmer 7. A 20V, 750 HZ source is connected to a series
2) The bulb glows brignther
3) Total impedance of the circuit is unchanged combination of R = 100Ω , C = 10 µ F and
4) Total impedance of the circuit increases L = 0.1803 H. Calculate the time in which
2. In an A.C circuit the instantaneous values of resistance will get heated by 10o C . (If thermal
current and voltage are I = 120 sinωt ampere capacity of the material = 2 J / o C )
and E = 300sin (ωt + π / 3 ) volt respectively.. 1) 328 sec 2) 348 sec 3) 3.48 sec 4) 4.32 sec
8. An AC source of angular frequency ω is fed
What will be the inductive reactance of series
across a resistor R and a capacitor C in series.
LCR circuit if the resistance and capacitive
The current registered is I. If now the
reactance are 2 ohm and 1 ohm respectively?
1) 4.5 ohms 2) 2 ohms 3) 2.5 ohms 4) 3 ohms frequency of source is changed to ω / 3 (but
3. A pure resistive circuit element 'x' when maintaining the same voltage), the current in
connected to an A.C. supply of peak voltage the circuit is found to be halved. The ratio of
100 V gives a peak current of 4 A which is in reactance to resistance at the original
phase with the voltage. A second circuit frequency ω is
element ‘y’ when connected to the same AC 3 5 3 5
supply also gives the same value of peak 1) 2) 3) 4)
5 3 5 3
current but the current lags behind by 900 . If
9. An LCR circuit has L = 10 mH, R = 3Ω , and C
the series combination of 'x' and 'y' is
connected to the same supply. R.M.S. value = 1 µ F connected in series to a source of
of current is 15cos ω t volt. The current amplitude at a
5 2 frequency that is 10% lower than the resonant
1) A 2) 2A 3) 1/2 A 4) A frequency is
2 5
1) 0.5 A 2) 0.7 A 3) 0.9 A 4) 1.1 A

162 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

 NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III ALTERNATING CURRENT
10. In the given circuit, R is a pure resistor, L is a 16. The potential difference across a 2H inductor
pure inductor, S is a 100V, 50 Hz AC source, as a function of time is shown in figure. At
and A is an AC ammeter. With either K1 or time t = 0, current is zero.
Current t = 2 second is
K2 alone closed, the ammeter reading is I. If
the source is changed to 100 V, 100 Hz, the V(volt)
L

ammeter reading with K1 alone closed and 10

with K2 alone closed will be respectively..

K1 K2 t(s)
2 4
S 1) 1A 2) 3A 3) 4A 4) 5A
R L
17. For the circuit shown in the figure the rms value
A of voltages across R and coil are E1 and E2 ,
1) I , I / 2 2) I , 2 I 3) 2 I , I 4) 2 I , I / 2 respectively.
11. A capacitor has a resistance of 1200 M Ω and R L,r
capacitance of 22 µ F . When connected to Resistor Coil
an a.c. supply of frequency 80 hertz, then the
alternating voltage supply required to drive a
current of 10 virtual ampere is
e = E sinωt
0
1) 904 2V 2) 904V 3) 904/ 2V 4) 452V e =E
rms

12. A 120V, 60Hz a.c. power is connected 800Ω

non-inductive resistance and unknown The power (thermal) developed across the
capcitance in series. The voltage drop across coil is
the resistance is found to be 102V, then voltage E − E12 E − E12 − E 22
drop across capacitor is 1) 2)
1) 8V 2) 102V 3) 63V 4) 55V 2R 2R

( E − E1 )
13. A 100 V a.c source of frequency 50 Hz is 2
connected to a LCR circuit with L = 8.1 E2
3) 4)
millihenry, C = 12.5µ F and R = 10ohm , all 2R 2R
connected in series. What is the potential 18. A bulb is rated at 100 V, 100 W, it can be
difference across the resistance? treated as a resistor. Find out the inductance
1) 100 V 2) 200 V 3) 300 V 4) 450 V of an inductor (called choke coil) that should
14. A coil has an inductance of 0.7H and is joined be connected in series with the bulb to
in series with a resistance of 220 Ω . When an operate the bulb at its rated power with the
alternating e.m.f. of 220V at 50 c.p.s. is applied help of an ac source of 200 V and 50 Hz
to it, then the wattless component of the
π
current in the circuit is 1) H 2) 100 H 3) 2 H 4) 3 H
1) 5 ampere 2) 0.5 ampere 3 π π
3) 0.7 ampere 4) 7 ampere 19. In the circuit diagram shown,
15. Two alternating voltage generators produce X C = 100 Ω, X L = 200 Ω & R = 100 Ω . The
emfs of the same amplitude E0 but with a phase effective current through the source is
π C
difference of . The resultant e.m.f.is
3 200V R

 π  π L
E
1) 0 sin  ωt +  E
2) 0 sin  ω t + 
 3  6 1) 2 A 2) 2 2 A
 π   π  4) 0.4 A
3) 3E0 sin  ωt +  4) 3E0 sin  ωt +  3) 0.5 A
 6  2

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 163

 ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III
C1C2
L1C1 = L2C2 ; Lnet = L1 + L2 ; Cnet = C + C
LEVEL-III - KEY
1) 2 2) 1 3) 2 4) 1 5) 1 6) 4 7) 2 1 2

8) 1 9) 2 10) 1 11) 2 12) 3 13) 1 14) 2 æ CC ö

Lnet Cnet = ( L1 + L2 ) çç 1 2 ÷÷÷ ; Lnet Cnet = L2 C2
15) 3 16) 4 17) 2 18) 4 19) 2 çè C1 + C2 ø÷
LEVEL-III - HINTS 6. Z 2 = R2 + (ω L − 1/ ω C) 2
1. In R − C circuit, the impedance is
10R 2 = R 2 + (2ωo L − 1 / 2ωo C ) 2
1
Z = R2 + ; minimum impedance Zmin = R
ω + C2
2

As ω increases, Z decreases. ωo2 LC = 1 ------- (1)

1 1
Since, Power α , therefore the bulb 2ω o L − = 3R ------- (2)
impedance 2ω o C
glows brighter.
1
2. I = 120sin ωt , E = 300sin ( ωt + π / 3 ) from(1) =R ∴ XC = R
2 ωo C
Clearly, φ = π / 3 ,
from(2) X C = 2ωo L = 3R + R = 4 R
R 1
Now, cos φ = = cos60° = ∴ Z = 2R 1
Z 2 7. XC = = 21.2Ω
2πnc
As R = 2Ω,∴ Z = 2× 2 = 4 Ω; X C = 1Ω
Z = R 2 + ( X L − X C ) 2 = 835Ω
Now ( X L − X C ) = Z − R = 4 − 2 = 12
2 2 2 2 2

IV = Ev / z = 0.0239 A
X L − X C = ± 12 = ±2 3
( ms ) ∆θ
IV Rt = ( ms ) ∆θ ⇒ t =
2
X L = X C ± 2 3 = 1 ± 3.464 IV 2 R
Taking + value, X L = 1 + 3.464 = 4.465 Ω 8. at frequency ω , X C = 1/ ω C
εo ε
XL = =25Ω ; R = o = 25Ω ; Z= R 2 + X 2 ; 3
3. at frequency ω /3, X C = = 3 XC
'
Io Io C
ωC
4/ 2
I01 = ε o / Z = 4 / 2 A; Ir .m. s . = I01 / 2 = = 2A I=
V
;
I
=
V XC 3
2 ; =
R +X
2 2
C
2 R + 9X
2
R
2
C 5
4. For 50 Hz and 125 V supply
V 1 V 90 90 1
XL = ω L = ⇒ L= , R = = 10Ω 9. cv = cv0 = x =9000 rad/s
iL 8π iR 100 100 LC
E0
For 40 Hz, 100 2 V supply i0 =
2
 1 
R + ω L −
2

ω C 
V V
i= = 
R +X
2 2
L R + 4π 2 f 2 L2
2

10. In the second case induction reactance becomes 2

1 1 times thus current through L when K2 is closed
n= =
5. 2p L1C1 2p L2 C2 i
becomes . But current through R when K1 is
2
closed does not change

164 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY

 NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III ALTERNATING CURRENT
11. f = 80Hz, IV = 10A 220 × Lω 22
E EV = = 0.7 × 2 × × 50
Current through R, I R = V = (R + L ω )
2 2 2
7
R 12 ×10
8
220 × (0.7 × 2π × 50)
EV = = 220Ω
Current through C I C = X = 2π fC × EV (2202 + 2202 )
220 × 220 1
C

= 2π × 80 × 22 ×10 −6 × EV = = = 0.5
2202 (2) 2
= 352π ×10 −5 × EV IV2 = IR2 + I C2 15. E1 = E0 sinω t ; E 2 = E 0 sin(ωt + π / 3)
EV2 E = E2 + E1
(10 2 ) + (352 ×10−5 × EV ) 2
(12 ×10 )
8 2 = E0 sin(ωt + π /3) + E0 sin ωt

2 1 −4 
= 2 E0 sin(ω t + π /6)cos(π /6)
= EV  + 1.2 ×10 
 144 ×10 
16
= 3E0 sin(ωt + π /6)
100 × 10 4
di
EV2 = EV ≈ 904 volt 16. e = L ⇒ e dt = L ( i2 − i1 )
1.2 dt
12. V 2 = V R2 + VC2 edt = area of ∆ le for t = 0 to 2 sec.
V =V −V
C
2 2
R
2
17. Draw the phasor diagram.
VC2 = (120)2 − (102)2 E 2 = E 21 + E22 + 2E1E 2 cos θ.
E2
VC = 63V
13. Here, Eν = 100V , v = 500 Hz
E2
E
L = 8.1 ×10−3 H , C = 12.5 ×10−6 F , R = 10 Ω
θ
X L = ωL = 2π vL =1000π × 8.1×10−3 = 25.4Ω I E1
Thermal power developed in coil is
1 1
XC = = −6 P = E2 cos θ × I and
ωC 1000π ×12.5 ×10
103 E1 EE E 2 − E12 − E22
= Ω = 25.4 Ω I= ⇒ P = 1 2 cos θ =
12.5π R R 2R
100 × 100
Z = R2 + ( XL − XC )
2
18. Resistance of bulb is R = = 100Ω
100
100
= 102 + ( 25.4 − 25.4 ) = 10Ω = 1A
2
Rated current is
100
Ev 100 Vrms
Iv = = = 10 A In ac, I rms = ; Z = 200Ω
Z 10 Z
Potential difference across R = I v R 1002 + ( ωL ) = 200 ⇒ ω2 L2 = 30000 and
2

= 10 ×10 = 100V
30000 3
14. Watt less component of L= = henry..
(100 π ) 2 π
E
A.C. = IV sin θ = V sin θ V 200 200
Z 19. I R = = = 2 A ; I LC = = 2A
R 100 X L − XC
220 Lω
= × ∴ L0.7 × 2π × 50
R2 + L2ω2 R2 + L2ω 2 I = 2 2 + 22 = 2 2 A as I R inphase with V

I LC lages behind V by π 2

NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY 165

 ALTERNATING CURRENT NEET-PHYSICS-VOL-III

Ferromagnetic core
LEVEL-IV
AC R

1. At resonance, VL and VC are both very much

1°Coil 2°Coil
greater than the applied potential, V itself.
The primary coil is connected to a source of
The quality factor for an LCR circuit in alternating (AC) current. The secondary coil
X is connected to a resistor such as a light bulb.
resonance is given by Q= L . In practice, The AC source produces an oscillating voltage
R
and current in the primary coil that produces
Q = 200 has been achieved.
an oscillating magnetic field in the core
L material. This in turn induces an oscillating
voltage and AC current in the secondary coil.
200µH, 10Ω Student collected the following data comparing
the number of turns per coil (N), the voltage
(V) and the current (I) in the coils of three
transformers
Primary Coil Secondary coil
0.10V, 1.0 MHz
N1 V1 I1 N 2 V2 I 2
(a) At resonance, the capacitor has been adjusted Transformer 1 100 10V 10 A 20 20 V 5 A
for Transformer 2 100 10V 10 A 50 5 V 20 A
1 200×10-6µF 2. 0.00013µF Transformer 3 200 10V 10 A 100 5 V 20 A
a) The primary coil of a transformer has 100 turns
3. 0.0013µF 4. 0.0013F and is connected to a 120V AC source. How
(b) At resonance, the potential difference across many turns are in the secondary coil if there is
the inductance is a 2400 V across it
1) 5 2) 50 3) 200 4) 2000
1) 1.3 V 2) 13 V 3) 0.3 V 4) none of these
b) A transformer with 40 turns in its primary coil
(c) The potential across the capacitance at is connected to a 120 V AC source. If 20 W of
resonance is power is supplied to the primary coil, the power
1) 13 V 2) > 13 V 3) < 13 V 4) none of these developed in the secondary coil is
(d) The Q factor is 1) 10 W 2) 20 W 3) 80 W 4) 160 W
c) One of the following is a correct expression
VL VC VC VL
1. V 2. V 3. 4. for R, the resistance of the load connected to
C L V V the secondary coil (pick the correct one)
(e) choose the right statement.  V10  N 20   V10  N10. 
2

1. VL +VC can be greater than Vapplied 1)  I 

 N 0  2)  I 
 N 0


 10  1   10  2 
2. VL +VC =Vapplied 2
 V10  N10   V10  N10 
3. VL +VC <Vapplied 3)  I 
 N 0  4)  I 
 N 0 
 10  2   10  2 
4. none of these d). A 12 V battery is used to supply 2.0 mA of
2. A physics lab is designed to study the transfer current to the 300 turns in the primary coil of
of electrical energy from one circuit to another a given transformer. What is the current in the
by means of a magnetic field using simple secondary coil if N 2 = 150 turns
transformers. Each transformer has two coils
1) zero 2) 1.0 mA 3) 2.0 mA 4) 4.0 mA
of wire electrically insulated from each other
but wound around a common core of LEVEL-IV - KEY
ferromagnetic material. The two wires are 1) a) 2 b) 3 c) 1 d) 3,4 e) 4
close together but do not touch each other.
2) a) 4 b) 2 c) 1 d) 4

166 NARAYANA MEDICAL ACADEMY