Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura

Curso: Tecnologías Limpias / Clean Technologies

Profesor: Dr. Ing. George Power Porto
UNIT 2: SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
▪ Introduction
▪ Classification of solid residues
▪ Life cycle of solid residues
▪ Efficient management of solid waste
▪ Block and process flow diagrams
▪ ISO 14001 and solid waste

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Introduction
▪ Definition of solid residues

Discarded substances,
Must be disposed off Must be managed
products or by-
properly, to avoid according to General
products in solid or health and Law of Solid Residues
semisolid state which environmental risks (Law No. 27314)
are no longer of use

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Composition of solid residues

World Peru

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Sources of solid residues

Cleaning public
areas Health care
Construction

Commercial Industrial
(Services) (Manufacturing)

Farming
Residential Solid Waste Special
activities

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Types of solid residues

Medical

Industrial (hazardous
Municipal
and non-hazardous)

Solid Waste

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Municipal and industrial waste management
Municipal Non Municipal

Province Area Authorities

MINAM
District/Village
OEFA

Household
Industrial
Commercial MINSA
Medical
Similar
Other

Private sector ( EPS-RS / EC-RS)

+ Municipality
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Stages of solid waste management
Landfill
Generation
Accummulation

Transfer

Cleaning of public
areas

Collection and Treatment and

Transportation Recycling

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Legal framework
▪ 1981 Organic Law of Municipalities
▪ 1991 Criminal Code
▪ 1998 General Health Law
▪ 2000 General Law of Solid Residues
▪ 2004 Rule of Law of Solid Residues
▪ 2005 General Law of Environment
▪ 2005 National Plan of Solid Residues
▪ 2008 Creation of the Ministry for Environment (MINAM)
▪ DL 1065 that modifies General Law of Solid Residues
▪ 2008 Law that modifies the Criminal Code
▪ 2009 Law that regulates the activities of recyclers

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The cycle of solid residues
Trimming residues
Large- Appliances
volume Construction
residues
Circuit residues Animals
Municipal
collection

Metals

Paper Treatment
Glass Plastics
plant

Storage in
schools
and public
offices

Transport
vehicle

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Pneumatic collection

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbnHw-PF1cA

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Integrated waste management hierarchy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGqrNi3kTLc

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Vermicomposting

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtNy0-Suc8Y

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How to build a green comunity
Flowchart of a green and
productive community
Source: Muralikrishna & Manickam (2017)

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Residual waste treatment with intensive composting (rotten)
▪ Objective: reduction of organic fraction
(mineralizing), controlled composting
without contaminating ground water,
soil o emission of toxic gases.
▪ Within 6 to 8 weeks, residual organic
fraction is decomposed, while the heaps
are regulary turned and watered.
▪ The whole decomposition process is
continuously analyzeds and monitored.

Source: Langermann (2014)

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Final disposal of municipal waste in landfills

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Scheme of sanitary landfill

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Landfills in Peru
▪ As of August 2019, there are 53
authorized landfill sites, from which
seven have safety cells, and six are
landfills for hazardous materials (SINIA,
2020).
▪ As shown on the map, eight regions still
lack adequate infrastructure of final
disposal (IDF).

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Industrial waste
▪ Any solid, viscous or liquid material, resulting from a fabrication,
transformation, use, consumption or cleaning process, disposed off by the
manufacturer or owner.

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Model of industrial solid waste management

Assimilable in municipal waste Same treatment as

municipal waste
Inert
Authorized landfill

Residue Purified water

characterization
(laboratory)
Phys.-chem.,
biological Sludge
Special treatment
(neutralization)
(potentially toxic or Inertization
Industrial hazardous)
Incineration
residues Ashes

Useful energy

Recycling or Return to
economic valuation economical circuit

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Hazardous solid residues
▪ Residues that are considered hazardous because of their characteristics and properties,
such as flammability, corosivity, reactivity, toxicity, self ignition, radioactivity or
pathogenicity, which represent a significant risk to health or environment.

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Hazardous waste hierarchy

Zero generation

Minimization

Reuse, recycle

Treatment
Incineration

Disposal

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Industrial Solid Waste Management - Steelmaking

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Industrial Solid Waste Management - Steelmaking

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Industrial Solid Waste Management - Steelmaking
Main solid wastes generated in each step of the steelmaking process

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