BGP Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers Volume 1 Version 3.0 Student Guide Text Part Number: 97-1427-01Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, inc. All rights reserved. Ciseo Systems has more than 200 offices inthe following countries and regions. Addresses, phone numbers, nd fax rumbers ar sted on the Cisco We site at ww cisco cam goatee, Argntina» Australia + Austra Helium + Bazil «Bulgaria» Canada Chile + Chine PRC + Colombia Costa Rica Croatia» Cech Republic * Denmatk «Dubai, UAE «Finland + France + Germany + Grcsee+ Hong Kong SAR * Hungary India = Indonesia relind + ital» tly = open + Korea «Luxembourg « Malaysia» Menieo The Netherlands New Zealand + Norway + Peru «Philippines + Poland + Porugal« Puerto Rico + Romania + Rissa» Saudi Arabia Scotland» Singapore + Slovakia Slovenia » South Afica + Spain «Sweden» Switzeland » Taiwan + haland + Turkey + Ukraine © United Kingdom + United Stats + Venezuela + Vietnam + Zimbabwe Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.All rights reserved. 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(0208R)Table of Contents Volume 4 Course Introduction Overview 1 Course Objectives 2 Cisco Certifications 4 Leamer Skills and Knowledge 5 Leamer Responsibilities 6 General Administration 7 Course Flow Diagram 8 Icons and Symbols 9 Leamer Introductions 10 BGP Overview tt Overview 14 Introduction to BGP 8 Overview 13 Interdomain Routing 15 BGP Characteristics 19 Single-Homed Customers 115 Multinomed Customers 117 Transit Autonomous Systems 1-20 BGP Limitations 1-22 Summary 1-23 Quiz: Introduction to BGP 1-25 BGP Session Establishment 0.429 Overview 1-29 BGP Neighbor Discovery 1:31 Establishing a BGP Session 1-35 BGP Keepalives 1-39 MDS Authentication 1-42 ‘Summary 1-43 Quiz: BGP Session Establishment 1-44 Copyright © 2008, Cisco Systems, ne. Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers (BGP) v0BGP Route Processing Overview Receiving Routing Updates Building the BGP Table BGP Route Selection Criteria BGP Route Propagation Building the IP Routing Table Advertising Local Networks Automatic Summarization Summary Quiz: BGP Route Processing 147 1-49 1-51 1-53 1-56 1-58 1-60 1-63 1-87 1-68 Basic BGP Configuration 8d Overview BGP Routing Process Configuring External Neighbors Configuring BGP Timers Configuring MDS Authentication ‘Announcing Networks in BGP Redistributing Routes into BGP Configuring Classless BGP Aggregating BGP Networks Multihomed Customer Problem Summary Quiz: Basic BGP Configuration 74 1-73 1-75 1-78 1-80 1-82 1-87 1-93 1-98 1-405 1-408 1-110 Monitoring and Troubleshooting BGP 4113 Overview Monitoring Overall BGP Routing Monitoring BGP Neighbors Monitoring the BGP Table Debugging BGP BGP Session Startup Problems BGP Neighbor Not Reachable BGP Neighbor Not Configured BGP AS Number Mismatch ‘Summary 1-113 1-115 117 1-119 1-122 1-126 1127 1-130 1-132 1-134 Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers (BGP) v3.0 Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, IneLaboratory Exercise: BGP Overview (Initial Lab Setup) Laboratory Exercise: BGP Overview 1136 1-442 Route Selection Using Policy ¢: 23 Overview 24 Multihomed BGP Networks 08 Overview Business Requirements of Multihomed BGP Networks Technical Requirements of Multihomed BGP Networks BGP Route Selection Without Policies Multihomed Customer Routing Policies Influencing BGP Route Selection BGP Filters Summary Laboratory Exercise: Multinomed BGP Networks 23 25 27 29 21 213 215 2-19 221 AS-Path Filters 82 Overview AS-Path Filtering Scenarios AS-Path Regular Expressions String Matching Applying AS-Path Filters Configuring BGP AS-Path Filters Monitoring AS-Path Filters Summary Laboratory Exercise: AS-Path Filters 2.27 2:29 231 2-33 2-43 2-84 247 2-53 2-55 Prefix-List Filters |G Overview Requirements for Prefix-Based Filters Prefix-Lists vs. IP Access-Lists Configuring Prefix-Lists BGP Filters Implementation implementing Prefix-Lists in the BGP Process Modifying Profix-Lists Monitoring Prefix-Lists Summary Laboratory Exercise: Prefix-List Filters 2-61 2-63 2-65 2-68 2-74 2-75 2-80 2-82 2-86 2-88 Copyright © 2008, Cisco Systems, Inc, Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers (BGP) v3.0° Route Filter y Overview Outbound Route Filter Outbound Route Filter Message Configuring Outbound Route Filtering Using Outbound Route Filtering Monitoring Outbound Route Filtering ‘Summary Quiz: Outbound Route Filtering 2.95 2.97 2-99 2403 2106 2-108 2-409 2410 Route-Maps as BGP Filters 2113 Overview Why Use Route-Maps as BGP Filters? Route-Maps Overview Prefix-List Use in Route-Maps 8GP Filters Using Route-Maps as BGP Filters Monitoring Route-Maps ‘Summary Quiz: Route-Maps as BGP Filters 2413 2415 24116 2-121 2123 2-124 2126 24131 2-133 Implementing Changes in BGP Policy 2ST Overview Traditional Filtering Limitations BGP Soft Reconfiguration Cisco IOS Commands for Soft Reconfiguration Monitoring Soft Reconfiguration Route Refresh Using Route Refresh Monitoring Route Refresh ‘Summary Laboratory Exercise: Implementing Changes in BGP Policy Volume 2 Route Selection Using Attributes 00 Overview 2437 2-439 2441 2444 2148 2-150 2-154 2-156 2-159 2-161 a4 ‘BGP Path Attributes 8 Overview 33 Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers (BGP) v3.0 Copyright © 2008, Cisco Systems, IncBGP Path Attributes Well-Known BGP Attributes Optional BGP Attributes AS-Path Attribute Next-Hop Attribute ‘Summary Quiz: BGP Path Attributes 35 36 3-10 3-13 316 3-24 3.22 Influencing BGP Route Selection with Weights 8S Overview BGP Route Selection Criteria Influencing BGP Route Selection Configuring Per-Neighbor Weights Changing Weights with AS-Path Filters Changing Weights with Route-Maps Monitoring BGP Route Selection and Weights BGP Route Selection and Filtering Tools Summary Summary Laboratory Exercise; Influencing BGP Route Selection with Weights BGP Local Preferencg 88S Overview Consistent Route Selection Within the AS BGP Local Preference Configuring Default Local Preference Configuring Local Preference with Route-Maps Monitoring Local Preference Summary Laboratory Exercise: BGP Local Preference 3-25 3.27 3-28 3-30 3-35 3-40 3-43 3-46 3-47 3-49 3-55 3-57 3-61 3-64 3-66 3-68 3-73 3-74 AS:Path Prepending 2.79 Overview Return Path Selection in a Multihomed AS AS-Path Prepending ‘AS-Path Prepending Design Considerations Configuring AS-Path Prepending Monitoring AS-Path Prepending ‘AS-Path Filtering Concerns with AS-Path Prepending 3-79 3-81 3-86 3-90 3-92 3-96 3-98 Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, Ine. Configuring BGP on Cisca Routers (BGP) v3.0Summary 3401 Quiz: AS-Path Prepending 3-403 BGP Multi-Exit Discriminator 807 Over 3107 Selecting the Proper Retum Path 3-109 MED Propagation in a BGP Network 3112 Changing Default MED 3413 Changing MED with Route-Maps 3-115 ‘Advanced MED Configuration 3417 Monitoring MED 3421 Troubleshooting MED 34125 Summary 3-129 Laboratory Exercise: BGP Multi-Exit Discriminator 3431 BGP Communities 31 Overview 3.437 Selecting the Proper Return Path 3-140 BGP Communities Overview 3-142 Using Communities 3-145 Configuring BGP Communities 3-148 Configuring Route Tagging with BGP Communities 3-150 Configuring Community Propagation 3-453 Defining BGP Community-Lists 3-155 Matching BGP Communities in Route-Maps 3-158 Monitoring Communities 3-161 ‘Summary 3-165 Laboratory Exercise: BGP Communities 3-467 Overview 44 Overview 43 Customer Connectivity Types 45 Redundancy in Customer Connections 47 Customer-to-Provider Routing Schemes 412 Customer Routing 414 Addressing Requirements 419 Configuring BGP on Cisco Routers (@GP) v3.0 Copyright © 2008, Cis Systems, Inc