BAPSH

PROGRAMME GUIDE

Bachelor of Arts
(Honours) Political Science
January 2020 and July 2020 Sessions

School of Social Sciences

Indira Gandhi National Open University
New Delhi
Printed study material is our mainstay in learning paradigm. Our study material is
prepared by a team of experts keeping in view the interest of the learner. Each course
has a course Expert Committee with distinguished academics and professionals
involved in the course preparation. The course material is written in such a manner
that the learners can study it by themselves with a little assistance from our Academic
Counsellors at the Study Centres. Further, textbooks and reference books are available
in the libraries attached to the Study Centres and Regional Centres. Therefore, there is
no need for any cheap or condensed guides for pursuing courses of IGNOU. In fact,
these may harm the learners. The University strongly advises the learners not to take
recourse to such type of guides available in the market

January 2020
© Indira Gandhi National Open University, 2020
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form, by
mimeograph or any other means, without permission in writing from the Indira
Gandhi National Open University.
Further information about the Indira Gandhi National Open University courses may be
obtained from the University’s office at Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110 068.
 CONTENT

PART I PROGRAMME DETAILS

1. The University 7
2. School of Social Sciences 7
3. Bachelor of Arts (Honours) Political Science 8
3.1 Duration 8
3.2 Medium of Instruction 8
3.3 Credits 8
3.4 Structure of BA Honours Programme 9
4. Planning Your Bachelor Studies 11
5. Fee Structure and Schedule of Payment 12
6. Instructional System 13
6.1 Course Material 13
6.2 Counselling 14
6.3 Study Centre 15
6.4 Interactive Radio Counselling 16
6.5 Gyan Darshan 16
6.6 Gyan Vani 16
6.7 Teleconference/EDUSAT 17
7. Evaluation 17
7.1 Assignments 18
7.2 Term-end Examination 21
8. Other Useful Information 25
9. Some Useful Addresses 28

PART II SYLLABI OF COURSES 30

1. Core Courses 30
2. Discipline Specific Electives 39
3. Ability Enhancement Compulsory Courses 42
5. Skill Enhancement Courses 43
4. Generic Electives 44
Dear Learner,

Welcome to IGNOU and the Honours programme in Political Science under Choice
Based Credit Scheme proposed by the University Grants Commission. As you have
joined one of the world’s largest university, imparting education through Open and
Distance mode, it is necessary that you are aware of the university and how it
functions. You will also be keen to know in some detail about the programme you
have joined and the way in which the university imparts instructions. This
Programme Guide gives you the necessary information that will help you in knowing
the university and pursuing the programme. It also gives the syllabus of the courses
that are presently on offer. We therefore advice you to keep this Programme Guide
safely till you complete the Programme.

While pursuing this B.A. programme in Political Science, you will receive support
from IGNOU through the Regional Centre and Study Centre which will be allotted to
you and from IGNOU’s website. As a distance learner, you may have several
queries. We expect you to be directly in contact with us and your peers as well
through the Internet. If you have any query, write to us at the email given below.

While the University makes every effort to ensure that you are able to pursue your
programme of study without any difficulty, we are aware that sometimes due to lack
of information, and sometimes due to the sheer magnitude of operations, you do
occasionally face problems. Use the iGRAM platform (http://igram.ignou.ac.in) for
quick resolution of the problem.

We advise you to be in touch with the Study Centre allotted to you for advice /
timely / day-to-day information related to this programme or visit the university
website at www.ignou.ac.in at regular intervals. We wish you all the success in
pursuing this Honours programme in Political Science.

Programme Coordinator,
BA (Honours) Political Science
bapshsoss@ignou.ac.in
 PART I
PROGRAMME
DETAILS

6
1. THE UNIVERSITY
The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) is the world’s largest
University. It is a Central University established by an Act of Parliament in 1985, to
advance and disseminate learning and knowledge by diverse means, including
information communication technology. The objective is to provide opportunities for
higher education to a large segment of the population and promote educational
wellbeing of the larger society.

In a relatively short time, IGNOU has made a significant contribution in the areas of
higher education, community education, extension activities and continual
professional development. As a world leader in distance education, it has been
conferred with an Award of Excellence by the Commonwealth of Learning (COL),
Canada.

IGNOU offers its academic programmes through its 21 Schools of Studies and a
network of 67 Regional Centres (including 11 Recognised Regional Centres for the
Indian Army, Navy and Assam Rifles), and about 3500 Study Centres (SCs). The
University also has a network of 12 Overseas Study Centres (OSC).

The University offers over two hundred academic, professional, vocational,

awareness generating and skill-oriented programmes at the level of Certificate,
Diploma, Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s Degree and Doctoral Degree.

Currently the emphasis is being laid the University on developing interactive

multimedia supported online learning as well adding value to the traditional distance
education delivery mode with modern technology enabled education within the
framework of blended learning. It has decided to make the learning material
available in digital format. As a national coordinator for SWAYAM, the university is
offering 15 courses on SWAYAM with registration of 39,500 learners in 2019.

Home
IGNOU is the national coordinator for SWAYAMPRABHA with five educational
DTH channels in areas of Humanities.

2. SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

The School of Social Sciences (SOSS) is among the larger schools of studies at the
University. SOSS offers academic programmes in eight disciplines: Anthropology,
Economics, History, Library and Information Science, Political Science, Psychology,
Public Administration and Sociology.

Besides, two Centres are housed under the School, Centre for Freedom Struggles and
Diaspora Studies (CFDS) and the Centre for Gandhi and Peace Studies and
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Chair on Social Change and Development.
7
The School offers a number of certificate, diploma and degree programmes at the
undergraduate and Masters level. It has also expanded its academic activities and has
launched research programmes that apply newer methodologies to elicit a more creative
response, both from within a discipline and from inter- disciplinary interactions.

Home
The School also undertakes training programmes in the areas of disaster management,
human rights, tourism and other contemporary social issues.

3. B. A. (HONOURS) POLITICAL SCIENCE

IGNOU has been one of the earliest universities to introduce credit based academic
programmes with a choice of courses. With the introduction of semester system and
an evaluation system based on 10 point grading system in 2019, IGNOU joins the
Central and State Universities across the country in introducing the Choice Based
Credit System (CBCS) at the Undergraduate level.

Beginning this January 2020, the School of Social Sciences and the School of
Humanities are offering BA Honours programmes. The B.A. Honours in Political
Science (Programme Code: BAPSH) has a total of 26 courses, of which 18 are
Political Science courses, four inter-disciplinary and two ability and two skill
enhancement courses. The programme is designed to enable the learner to take
courses of their choice, learn at their own pace, and adopt an interdisciplinary
approach to learning. It is thus a learner centric programme with flexibility, choices,
mobility and employability built into it.

3.1 Duration
The Programme can be completed in a minimum of three years and a maximum of
six years.

3.2 Medium of Instruction

This Programme is on offer in both languages, Hindi and English. You must give
Home

your option for the language of instruction in your application for admission.
However, you can change your option within one month of the first receipt of study
materials on payment of the amount prescribed by the University.

3.3 Credits
The university follows the credit system. Each credit is equivalent to 30 hours of
study comprising all learning activities (i.e. reading and comprehending print
material, listening to audio-based materials, watching video-based materials,
attending counselling sessions, completing activities of tutorials or laboratory and
writing assignment responses).
8
3.4 Structure of BA Honours Programme
The BA Honours programme in Political Science is designed to give the learner a
strong foundation in the basic ideas, concepts, institutions and processes of politics
and government at the national, regional and international levels. The programme
also has a number of interdisciplinary and ability enhancing courses which provide
the learner opportunities to explore subjects beyond the discipline of Political
Science.

The programme is of 148 credits with a mix of five types of courses: 14 core
courses, eight elective courses (four Discipline Specific Electives and four Generic
Electives) and four ability enhancement courses (two ability enhancing compulsory

Home
courses and two skill enhancing courses). While each of the AECCs and SECs is of
four credit weightage, all other courses of this programme are six credit courses.

3.4.1 Core Courses: The fourteen core courses of this programme cover all the core
areas of the discipline of Political Science. Each of these core courses is of six
credits. These courses are very similar to the courses offered by other universities
that have adopted Choice Based Credit Scheme. They introduce you to the key
political concepts, ideas, issues, institutions and processes at the national, regional
and international level. In the first year of the programme, we introduce two
important areas of Political Science, political theory and Indian government and
politics. The objective is to familiarise you with the key concepts and issues in
Political theory and the political structures and processes in India with which you
may have some familiarity. In the second year, we go beyond the familiar terrain of
Indian government and politics and get acquainted with three other areas of Political
Science, Comparative Government and Politics, International Relations and Public
Administration. The thrust of these courses is on familiarising you with political
processes and structures in comparative perspective and the evolution of
international relations and politics. Key perspectives in public administration and
public policy in India are also explored. In the final year, Political thought, which is
an important area of study in the discipline of Political Science, is introduced. Here
the focus is on the enduring and contemporary ideas in political philosophy. The
Table given below gives the distribution of these Core Courses across the six
semesters:
Home

Year of Semester
Course First, Third and Fifth Semester Second, Fourth and Sixth Semester

First BPSC 101 Understanding Political BPSC 103. Political Theory-Concepts and
Theory Debates
BPSC 102 Constitutional Development BPSC 104 Political Process in India
and Democracy in India
BPSC 105 Introduction to BPAC 108 Public Policy and
Comparative Government and Politics Administration in India

9
 Second BPAC 101 Perspectives on Public BPSC 109 Political Processes and
Administration Institutions in Comparative Perspective
BPSC 107 Perspectives on BPSC 110 Global Politics
International Relations and World
History
Third BPSC111 Classical Political Philosophy BPSC 113 Modern Political Philosophy
BPSC 112 Indian Political Thought-I BPSC 114 Indian Political Thought-II

3.4.2 Discipline Specific Electives: Besides the 14 Core Courses, you will have to
study four Discipline Specific elective courses (DSEs) in this programme. These are
elective courses in Political Science which seek to enhance your understanding of
different theories and processes at global, regional, national and sub-national/state
politics and provide scope to specialise in one of the sub-disciplines of Political
Science. Each DSE is of six credits.

The DSE courses are on offer in the Third year, that is, in the Fifth and Sixth semesters

Home
of the programme. The faculty of Political Science is offering three DSEs each
semester. You will, however, have to study only two DSEs each semester.

Fifth Semester Sixth Semester

Any two of the following: Any two of the following:
BPSE 141 Gandhi and the Contemporary World BPSE 142 State Politics in India
BPSE 143 India’s Foreign Policy in a Globalising BPSE 144 Introduction to South Asia
World BPSE 146-Conflict Resolution and Peace
BPSE 145 Democracy and Development in Building
Northeast India

3.4.3 Ability Enhancement Compulsory Courses: As the name suggests, these are
compulsory courses which you will study, one each in the first and second semesters of
the programme. Each AECC is of four credits weight. The first AECC is
BEVAE -181 Environmental Studies. In the second semester, you can opt for either
BEGAE 182-English Communication Skills or BHDAE 182 Hindi Bhasha Aur
Samprashanas as one of the AECC.

3.4.4 Skill Enhancement Courses: Skill Enhancement Courses (SECs) are the other Home
type of courses you will have study in this programme. These are value-based and/or
skill-based courses and are designed develop competencies and skills. Each SEC is of
four credit weightage. These courses are available in the Second year.

In the third semester the course developed by Faculty of Anthropology BANS 183
Tourism Anthropology is on offer. In the following semester, BSOS 184 Techniques
of Ethnographic Film Making, a course developed by the Faculty of Sociology is on
offer.

3.4.5 Generic Electives: Generic electives (GEs) are interdisciplinary courses that have
been specifically developed by different disciplines of Social Sciences, Humanities and

10
Sciences. They are intended to provide an exposure to other disciplines/subjects. These
courses are on offer in the first four semesters of the programme.

The four GEs that are on offer, in sequence, are:

BSOG 171 Indian Society: Images and Realities
BGDG 172 Gender Sensitization: Society and Culture
BSOG 173 Rethinking Development
BPAG 174 Sustainable Development

In order to provide greater choice to the learners, the University will add new SECs and
GEs from time to time. These will be made known at the time of re-registration for the
Second year.

4. PLANNING YOUR BACHELORS STUDIES

As mentioned earlier, each credit of this programme is equivalent to 30 hours of
learner study comprising all learning activities (i.e. reading and comprehending the
print material, listening to audios, watching videos, attending counselling sessions,
teleconferencing and writing assignment responses). This means that you will have
to devote approximately 180 hours of study for a six-credit course (30 x 6) and
120 study hours for a four credit course (30 x 4). Since you have three courses of six
credits and one four credit course to complete in the first semester and a similar
workload in the second semester, you need to put in a total of 1320 hours of study in
a year. This means that you will have to devote around four and half hours of
study every day for at least 300 days in a year. You are therefore advised to adjust

Home
your reading schedule keeping this workload in view. With this schedule, you will be
able to complete all courses of the First year.

Be aware of the differential workload in the three years of the programme. There
is a slight increase in the workload as you will have to study four 6 credit courses
and a 4-credit course (30 x 28 = 840) each semester. This means that your total study
hours will increase to 1680 hours which works out to five and half hours every day
for at least 300 days in a year. In the third year, there is a small reduction in the study
time as you will have to earn 24 credits in each of the two semesters. You need to be
more focused and put in more effort in the Second year of the programme. It is
therefore helpful to study consistently throughout the year and not plan to speed up
before the examinations.

The University offers a lot of flexibility and openness in the courses and duration for
the completion of programmes. You should take full advantage of this flexibility.
As indicated earlier you can finish this programme in three by earning 148 credits.
If you are not able to complete it within this period, you can take a maximum of six
years to complete the programme. It would be better if you plan it in a systematic
way. At the beginning of each semester/year, the University will make available
11
study materials and assignments according to scheme of study. It is, however, up to
you to decide which courses you will complete in a particular year. Completion of a
course would involve studying the course, completing the assignments and obtaining
pass marks in both assignments and the term end examination. If you are busy
elsewhere and not able to fully devote yourself to the programme you should fix
your targets every year. If you feel that instead of 44 credits you would do only
24 or 36 credits in a year, plan it from the beginning of the year, study only those
courses, do the assignments for them and appear for term end exam. Carry over the
rest to next year. Again, next year, decide your goals for that year. Whenever you
decide to do the previous year’s course download fresh assignments from IGNOU
website, submit them according to the schedule and appear in the term end

Home
examination (For details see Section 7.1 of this Programme Guide). Through a
proper planning you can finish this programme according to your convenience.

5. FEE STRUCTURE AND SCHEDULE OF PAYMENT

A total of `. 9600/- is to be paid for the Bachelor of Arts Honours Programme
@ `. 3200/-. In the First year, in addition to `. 3200/-, a Registration fee of `. 200/-
also has to be paid. The programme fee should be paid only by means of Debit
Card/Credit Card through online mode only. Fee once paid is not refundable.

The University can revise the programme fee. In that case, the revised fee shall be
payable by you as per the schedule of payment notified by the university.

Although the Bachelor of Arts programme is a semester-based programme,

registration is done annually. Just as you have registered for the first two semesters
at the start of the programme, you will have to re-register for the Second year (third
and fourth semesters) and Third year (fourth and fifth semesters) before the
beginning of the academic year.

The submission of Re Registration form and payment of programme fee must be

done at the beginning of each year, as per schedule given below, by online mode
only, by means of Debit Card/Credit Card.

Schedule for Re-Registration*

For January Session For July Session Late Fee
1st August to 2nd October 1st Feb to 31st March Nil
3rd October to 31st October 1st April to 30th April `. 200.00
1st November to 30th November 1st May to 31st May `. 500.00
1st December to 20th December 1st June to 20th June `. 1000.00
* As and when it is necessary, the University can revise the programme fee and the revised
fee shall be payable by you as per schedule of payment notified by the University.

12
Timely payment of programme fees is the responsibility of the learner. The learner is
expected to remit the fees as early as possible without waiting for the last date. Non-
payment of fee would result in the withdrawal of access to study material and
permission to write the examinations. It may also result in the cancellation of your
admission. If any learner wilfully appears in an examination without proper

Home
registration for a course, disciplinary action shall be taken against him or her as per
rules of the University.

6. INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM
The methodology of instruction adopted by the University is different from that in
the conventional universities. The Open University system is more learner-oriented
in which the learner is an active participant in the teaching-learning process. Most of
the instruction is imparted through distance rather than face-to-face communication.

The University follows a multi-media approach for instruction. It comprises of

• Self-Learning Material
• Audio-video programmes transmitted through radio and television
• Teleconferencing sessions
• Face-to-face counselling at Study Centres by Academic Counsellors

Home
• Assignments/ Tutorials/ Practicals/ Dissertation/ Project work

6.1 Course Material

Course material, in print or eBook format, is the primary form of instruction. You
should concentrate mainly on the course materials that are sent to you in the form of
printed books or eBooks. The course material would be sufficient to write
assignment responses and prepare for the Term End Examination (TEE). We would,
however, suggest you to read additional material, especially those given in the
Suggested Reading section of the course material.

The course material prepared by the University is self-learning in nature. Each

course is printed in the form of a single book or eBook. The course is divided into a
number of Blocks. A six credit course generally has four to five Blocks. Each Block
consists of Units (minimum two to maximum five units). Normally, the Units
covered in a Block have a thematic unity. The introduction section of the book
provides an overview of the course, its objectives, guidelines for studying the
material, etc. The Block introduction explains the coverage of the Block as a whole
as well as the coverage of each Unit in that Block.

Each Unit is structured in a way to facilitate self-study by you. Each Unit begins with
learning Objectives which will give you an idea on what you are expected to learn
from the Unit. The Introduction provides an overview of the major theme of the
13
unit. An attempt is made to forge a link with the topics of the previous Units and
the topic to be covered in the Unit. This is followed by the main text, which is
divided, into various sections and subsections. At the end of each section we have
provided questions for self-evaluation under the heading of Check Your Progress.
You should attempt this part, as it will help you in assessing the immediate
absorption and check your understanding of the topic. Questions in Check Your
Progress are for your practice only, and you should not submit answers to these
questions to the University for assessment. Hint answers to the Check Your Progress
exercises are provided at the end of the unit. We have not provided the full length
answers, as we would like to encourage you to write in your own words and not rely
on memorizing the course material.

Home
The section Let Us Sum Up/Summary/Conclusion gives a brief account of what
has been discussed in the Unit. This summary enables you to recall the main points
covered in the Unit. Each unit ends with References which gives the list of books and
articles that have been consulted to prepare the unit. In addition, at the end of each
Block/Course, a list of Suggested Readings is given. Some of these books listed in
this section will be available in the libraries at the Regional Centres and select Study
Centres.

In order to comprehend the SLMs, read the Units carefully and note down the
important points. You can use the space in the margin of the printed pages for
making notes and writing your comments. While reading the Units, you may mark
the difficult words and look for the meaning of such words in a dictionary. If you
still do not understand something, consult your counsellor during the face-to-face
sessions at the Study Centre for clarification.

Dispatch of Study Material

The dispatch of material will start once the online process of registration is complete.
You can expect to receive your study material within one month of closing of the
registration for the programme. If any course material is missing or you receive
wrong or defective material, please address your query to the Regional Centre or
write to Student Services Centre at ssc@ignou.ac.in.

For the students who have applied for digitized version, detailed information is
Home

available on the IGNOU website.

6.2 Academic Counselling

In distance education, face-to-face contact between the learners and their academic
tutors/ counsellors is an important activity. The purpose of such an interaction is to
answer some of your questions and clarify your doubts, which may not be possible
through any other means of communication. It is also intended to provide you an
opportunity to meet fellow learners.

14
There are experienced academic counsellors at the Study Centres to provide
academic counselling and guidance to you in the courses that you have selected for
study. The academic counselling sessions for each of the courses are held at suitable
intervals throughout the academic session. Attendance in the academic counselling
sessions for theory courses is not compulsory, but we would suggest you to attend
these sessions as they may be useful in certain respects, such as to share your views
on the subject with teachers and fellow learners, comprehend some of the complex
ideas or difficult issues, and get clarifications for any doubts which you would not
otherwise try to raise.

Face-to-face counselling will be provided to you at the Study Centre assigned to you.
You should note that the academic counselling sessions will be very different from
the usual classroom teaching or lectures. Academic counsellors will not be
delivering lectures or speeches. They will try to help you to overcome difficulties,
which you face while studying for this programme. In these sessions, you must look
into the subject-based difficulties and any other issues arising out of such
difficulties. Besides, some of the audio and video material that is available at that
time will be played in the counselling sessions. The University normally organizes
six to seven academic counseling sessions for a 4-credit and nine to ten sessions for
a six credit course. In case there are less than 10 students in a Study Centre, then

Home
intensive counselling sessions will be held which essentially means that 40 per cent
of the prescribed counselling sessions will be conducted within a week’s time.

Before you attend the academic counselling sessions, please go through your course
material and note down the points to be discussed. Unless you have gone through the
Units, there may not be much to discuss. Try to concentrate on relevant and
important issues. Try also to understand each other’s points of view. You may also
establish personal contact with your fellow participants to get mutual help for
academic purposes. Try to get the maximum possible help from your academic
counsellors.

6.3 Study Centre

To provide effective student support, we have set up a number of Study Centres all
over the country. You will be allotted one of these Study Centres taking into
consideration your place of residence or work. However, each Study Centre can
handle only a limited number of students and despite our best efforts, it may not
always be possible to allot the Study Centre of your choice. The particulars regarding
the Study Centre to which you are assigned will be communicated to you.
Home

Every Study Centre will have:

A Coordinator who will coordinate different activities at the centre.
An Assistant Coordinator and other support staff appointed on a part-time basis.
Academic Counsellors in different courses to provide counselling and guidance
to you in the courses you have chosen.
15
A Study Centre will have six major functions:
Counselling: Face-to-face counselling for the courses will be provided at the Study
Centres. As mentioned earlier, there will be nine to ten academic counselling
sessions for a 6-credit course and six to seven sessions for a 4-credit course.
The schedule of the counselling sessions will be communicated to you by the
Coordinator of your Study Centre.
Evaluation of Assignments: Tutor Marked Assignments (TMA) will be evaluated
by the Academic Counsellors appointed for different courses at the Study Centre.
These assignments will be returned to you with tutor’s comments and marks
obtained. These comments will help you in your studies.
Library: For each course, some of the books suggested under ‘Suggested Readings’
will be available in Library at the Regional Centre and select Study Centres.
Information and Advice: At the Study Centre, you will get relevant information
regarding the courses offered by the University, academic counselling schedules,
examination schedule, etc. You will also get guidance in choosing your elective and
application oriented courses.
Audio-Video Facilities: The Study Centre is equipped with audio-video facilities to
help you make use of the audio and video materials prepared for different courses.
Media notes, describing the contents of each programme, will also be available at the
Study Centre. This will help you to know the contents of each programme.

Home
Interaction with Fellow-learners: The Study Centre gives you an opportunity to
interact with fellow learners
Study Centre is the contact point for you. The University cannot send all the
communication to all the students individually. All important information is
communicated to the Coordinators of the Study Centres and Regional
Directors. The Coordinators would display a copy of such important
circular/notification on the notice board of the Study Centre for the benefit of
all IGNOU learners. You are, therefore, advised to get in touch with your Study
Centre for day-to-day information about assignments, submission of
examination forms, TEE date-sheet, declaration of result, etc.

6.4 Interactive Radio Counselling

The University has the facility of interactive counselling through All India Radio
network all over India. You can participate in it by tuning in to your area Radio
station. Experts from various discipline areas are available for this counselling.
Students can put across their questions to these experts by using the telephone. The
telephone numbers are announced by the respective Radio Stations. This counselling
Home

is available on all days. The topic for each session of the interactive radio
programme is available in the Gyanvani section of the University website.
16
6.5 Gyan Darshan
IGNOU in collaboration with Doordarshan now has an exclusive Educational TV
Channel called Gyan Darshan. It is available through cable TV network. The channel
telecasts educational programmes for 24 hours every day. Live telecast is from
3-5 p.m. and repeat from 8-10 p.m. Apart from programmes of IGNOU, it will have
educational programmes produced by various national education institutions. You
should try to get access to it through your cable operator. The schedule of
programmes and live sessions is available at the study centers one month in advance.

Home
You can also get the schedule of programmes and live sessions from the University
website

6.6 Gyan Vani

Gyan Vani is an educational FM Radio network providing programmes covering
different aspects and levels of education including Primary and Secondary
Education, Adult Education, Technical and Vocational Education, Higher Education
and Extension Education. There will be programmes on various aspects and courses
of Bachelor of Arts. The schedule of the programmes is uploaded on the University
website.

6.7 Teleconference/EDUSAT
To reach our learners spread in different parts of the country we take the help of
teleconferencing. These sessions are conducted from Delhi. The students can attend
these at the regional centres and specified study centres of IGNOU. It is a one way
video and two way audio facility. The teleconferencing is available on Gyan
Darshan-2 and Edusat. The faculty members at Delhi and other experts as resource
persons participate in these sessions. You can put your problems and questions to
these experts through the telephone available at receiving centres. These will help in
resolving your queries related to courses and other general information pertaining to

Home
the Bachelors of Arts programme.

7. EVALUATION
The system of evaluation followed by the University is also different from that of
conventional universities. IGNOU has a multitier system of evaluation.
 Self-assessment exercises within each unit of study.
 Continuous evaluation mainly through assignments which are tutor-marked,
practical assignments and seminar/ workshops/extended contact programmes,
etc. depending on the nature of the course opted for.
 The Term End Examinations.
 Project/Practical work depending upon the requirement of the course.

17
The evaluation consists of two parts: i) continuous evaluation through assignments,
and ii) term end examination. In the final result, all the assignments of a course carry
30% weightage while 70% weightage is given for the Term End Examination (TEE).
University follows a grading system for continuous evaluation as well as term-end
examination. It is done on a ten point scale using the letter grades as given below:
The University has decided to provide numerical marking also in the grade card and
award of division for the Bachelor of Arts.

Letter Grade Numerical Grade Percentage

O (Outstanding) 10 ≥ 85
A+ (Excellent) 9 ≥ 75 to ˂ 85
A (Very Good) 8 ≥ 65 to ˂ 75
B+ (Good) 7 ≥ 55 to ˂ 65
B (Above Average) 6 ≥ 50 to ˂ 55
C (Average) 5 ≥ 40 to ˂ 50
D (Pass) 4 ≥ 35 to ˂ 40
F (Fail) 0 ˂ 35
Ab (Absent) 0 Absent

You are required to score at least 35% marks (Grade D) in both continuous

Home
evaluation (assignments) as well as the term-end examination of each course. In the
overall computation also you must get at least 35% marks (Grade D) in each course
to claim the B.A. degree. The scores of continuous evaluation and term-end
examination are not complementary to each other for qualifying a course.

Students who do not qualify in the term-end examination are allowed to take up the
Term End Examination in the next semester. It means you can take the TEE of the
first year courses during the second year of your study. Similarly, second year
courses can be carried over to the third year.

7.1 Assignments
Assignments constitute the continuous evaluation. The marks that you secure
in the assignments will be counted in your final result. As mentioned earlier, an
assignment of a course carries 30% weightage. You are therefore advised to take
your assignment seriously. A simple omission on your part may put you in great
inconvenience later.
For each course of this programme, you have to do two to three Tutor Marked
Assignments (TMAs) depending upon the nature of the course. The TMA for each
semester can be downloaded from the Student Zone of the University website.
You have to complete the assignment within the due dates specified in the assignment
booklet. You will not be allowed to appear for the term-end examination for any
Home

course if you do not submit the assignment in time for that course. If you appear
in term-end examination, without submitting the assignments, the result of the
term-end examination is liable to be cancelled.

18
Ensure that your assignment responses are complete in all respects. Before submission you
should ensure that you have answered all the questions in all assignments. Incomplete
assignment responses may affect your grades adversely.
The main purpose of TMA is to test your comprehension of the learning materials
you receive from us and also to help you get through the courses. The
evaluators/academic counsellors after correcting the assignments return them back to
you with their comments and marks. The comments will guide you in your study and
help in improving it. It is therefore important that you collect the evaluated TMA
along with a copy of the assessment sheet containing the comments of the evaluator
on your performance.
The content provided in the printed course materials should be sufficient for
answering the assignments. Please do not worry about the non-availability of extra
reading materials for working on the assignments. However, if you have access to

Home
other books, you may make use of them. The assignments are designed in such a
way as to help you concentrate mainly on the course material and exploit your
personal experience.
You have to submit your assignment response sheets to the Coordinator of the
Study Centre assigned to you. For your own record, retain a copy of all the
assignment responses which you submit to the Coordinator. If you do not get back your
duly evaluated tutor marked assignments along with a copy of the assessment sheet
containing comments of the evaluator on your assignment within a month after
submission, please try to get it personally from your Study Centre. This may help
you to improve upon future assignments.
Keep duplicate copies of assignment responses of TMAs submitted to Study
Centres. They may be required to be produced at Student Evaluation Division on
demand. Also maintain an account of the corrected assignment responses received
by you after evaluation. This will help you to represent your case to the University in
case any problem arises.

If you do not get a pass grade in any assignment, you have to submit it again. Get
fresh assignments from the Student Zone tab of the University website. However,
once you get the pass grade in an assignment, you cannot re-submit it for
improvement of grade. Assignments are not subject to re-evaluation except for
factual errors, if any, committed by the evaluator. The discrepancy noticed by you in
Home

the evaluated assignments should be brought to the notice of the Coordinator of the
Study Centre, so that the correct score is forwarded by him/her to the Student
Evaluation Division at Headquarters.

In case you find that the score indicated in the assignment sheet of your Tutor
Marked Assignment has not been correctly reflected or is not entered in your grade
card, you are advised to contact the Coordinator of your Study Centre with a request
to forward the correct award list to the Student Evaluation Division at the
Headquarters.

19
Do not enclose or express doubts for clarification, if any, about study material or
assignment along with the assignment. Send your doubts in a separate cover to the
Director of the concerned School at IGNOU, Maidan Garhi,
New Delhi - 110068. Give your complete enrolment number, name, address, title of
the Course, and the number of the Unit or the assignment, etc. on top of your letter.
If you have any specific grievances, you use the iGRAM (http://igram.ignou.ac.in)
platform for a early response from the University.

Home
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS FOR TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENTS (TMA)

1) Write your Enrolment Number, Name, Full Address, Signature and Date on the
top right hand corner of the first page of your response sheet.
2) Write the Programme Title, Course Code, Course Title, Assignment Code and
Name of your Study Centre on the left hand corner of the first page of your
response sheet. Course Code and Assignment Code may be reproduced
from the assignment.
The top of the first page of your response sheet should look like this:

ENROLMENT NO. : ...................... NAME : .......................................

PROGRAMME CODE: ................... ADDRESS : .......................................
COURSE CODE : ....................
COURSE TITLE : .....................
ASSIGNMENT CODE : .................... SIGNATURE: ........................................
STUDY CENTRE : .................... DATE : ........................................

3) Read the assignments carefully and follow the specific instructions, if any,
given on the assignment itself about the subject matter or its presentation.
4) Go through the Units on which the assignments are based. Make some points
regarding the question and then rearrange those points in a logical order and
draw up a rough outline of your answer. While answering an essay type
question, give adequate attention to introduction and conclusion. The
introduction must provide a brief interpretation of the question and how you
propose to develop it. The conclusion must summarise your response to the
question. Make sure that the answer is logical and coherent, and has clear
connections between sentences and paragraphs. The answer should be relevant
Home

to the question given in the assignment. Make sure that you have attempted all
the main points of the question. Once you are satisfied with your answer, write
down the final version neatly and underline the points you wish to emphasise.
While solving numerical problems, use proper format and give working notes
wherever necessary.
5) Use only foolscap size paper for your response and tie all the pages carefully.
Avoid using very thin paper. Allow a 4 cm margin on the left and at least 4
lines in between each answer. This may facilitate the evaluator to write useful
comments in the margin at appropriate places.
20
6) Write the responses in your own hand. Do not print or type the answers. Do not
copy your answers from the Units/Blocks sent to you by the University. It is
advised to write your answers in your own words as it will help in grasping the
study material.
7) Do not copy from the response sheets of other students. If copying is noticed,
the assignment will be rejected.
8) Write each assignment separately. All the assignments should not be written in
continuity.
9) Write the question number with each answer.
10) The completed assignment should be submitted to the Coordinator of the Study
Centre allotted to you. TMAs submitted at any other place will not be
evaluated.
11) After submitting the TMA, get the acknowledgement from the Coordinator on
the prescribed assignment remittance-cum-acknowledgement card.

Home
12) In case you have requested for a change of Study Centre, you should submit
your TMA only to the original Study Centre until the change of Study Centre
is notified by the University.
13) If you find that there is any factual error in evaluation of your assignments e.g. any
portion of your assignment response has not been evaluated or the total of score
recorded on your assignment response is incorrect, you should approach the
Coordinator of your study centre for correction and transmission of correct score to
headquarters.

7.2 Term End Examination

As stated earlier, the term-end examination is the major component of the
evaluation system and it carries 70% weightage in the final result.
You must fill the Term End Examination form online before the last dates i.e. 31st
March for June exam and 30th September for December exam.
The University conducts term end examinations twice a year i.e., in June and
December. You can, however, take the examination only after completing one year
of study. This means that the Term End Examination (TEE) for your first and
second semesters will be conducted together at the end of First year.
Similarly, for third and fourth semesters and for the fifth and sixth semesters, the
TEE will be conducted together at the end of the Second and Third year of the
programme. If you miss taking any examination at the end of the year, you may take
those courses in next TEE conducted in June or December.
Home

A learner is permitted to appear in the TEE, subject to the following conditions: -

Registration for the courses is valid and not time barred.
Required number of assignments in the course has been submitted by the due
date.
21
 Minimum time to pursue these courses as per the provision of the programme
has been completed.
Examination fee is paid for all the courses in which the learner is writing the
examination.

In the case of non-compliance of any of the above conditions, the result of all such
courses is liable to be withheld by the University.
In case you fail to get a pass score (35% marks) in the Term End Examination, you will
have to reappear at the next Term End Examination for that course within the total span of
the programme i.e. six years.
Submission of Online Examination Form
The learners are required to fill in the Examination form to appear in the TEE each
time i.e. for every exam (December/June) a learner has to apply afresh. Only one
form is to be submitted online for all the courses that a learner plans to take in a TEE.
To avoid discrepancies in filling up examination forms and avoid hardship in
appearing in the TEE, you are advised to:
1) Remain in touch with the Study Centre/ Regional Centre/Student Evaluation
Division for change in schedule of submission of examination form
2) Fill up all the particulars carefully and properly in the examination form to avoid

Home
rejection/delay in processing of the form
3) Retain proof of submission of examination form till you download your Hall
Ticket.
Process to submit Term End Examination Form
 Open the following link: http://exam.ignou.ac.in/
 Select and Enter Programme Code from the options list available.
 Select Examination Centre Code from the options available on the website. List of
Regional Centre wise Examination centre's for Term-End Examination December
2020 is available for information on this web page.
 If the Examination Centre opted by the student is not activated as Examination
Centre or not allotted for administrative reasons, alternative Examination Centre
will be allotted to the student.
 Select course(s) carefully while filling the Examination Form as per your valid
Home

registration details available in IGNOU website.

 After successful submission of Examination Form, you will receive an
acknowledgement with Control Number on the screen. Please retain the auto
generated Control Number for your reference and record.
 For checking Examination Form status please visits SEARCH OPTION after 72
hours of submitting the Form. Details regarding examination form submission are
not available; you may submit the form again only after following the due
22
 procedure as listed above.
 Delhi & NCR - The student may please select the location and exam centre will be
allotted accordingly (change of exam centre will not be permitted in any case)

Examination Fee and Mode of Payment

The schedule for submission of TEE Form is available at the IGNOU website during
each session. The fee payable is `.150/- per course. The mode of payment of
examination fee is online only through Credit Card/Debit Card/Net Banking.
Examination fee once paid is neither refundable nor adjustable even if the learner
fails to appear in the examination.

Hall Ticket for Term End Examination

No hall ticket shall be dispatched to the examinees. Hall Tickets of all examinees are
uploaded on the University website 7 to 10 days before the commencement of the
Term End Examinations.

Home
Students are advised to take the print out of the Hall Ticket from the University
website after entering the enrolment number and name of the programme of study,
and report at the examination centre along with the Identity Card issued by the
University attested by the Director of the Regional Centre. Without a valid IGNOU
Student ID Card issued by the Regional Centre/ University, examinees will not be
permitted to appear in the examination.

Every student must bring his/her identity card for appearing in the TEE along with
the Hall Ticket. Students will be allowed to appear in the TEE for those courses only
for which registration is valid and the prescribed minimum duration of study is
completed. In case, any learner has misplaced the Identity Card issued by the
University, it is mandatory to apply for a duplicate Identity Card to the Regional
Centre concerned well before commencement of the examinations. The learner
without valid ID Card will not be allowed to enter the Examination Centre premises. Home

Examination Date Sheet

Examination date sheets (i.e. schedule which indicates the date and time of
examination for each course) are sent to all the Study Centers a month in advance.
These are printed in IGNOU Newsletters and posted. The datasheet is also displayed
on www.ignou.ac.in. You are advised to see whether there is any clash in the
examination dates of the courses you wish to take, i.e. Examination of any two
courses you wish to take are scheduled on the same day at the same time. If there is
any clash, you are advised to take the TEE for one course and the other course
in the next TEE.

23
Declaration of Result
It is your duty to check whether you are registered for a course and whether you are
eligible to appear for that examination. If you neglect this and take the examination
without being eligible for it, your result will be cancelled.
All efforts are made to declare the results well before the deadline for submission of
Examination Form for the next TEE. In case, result for a course is not declared you should
fill the Examination Form for that course without Examination Fee. In case, you appear
in the TEE of that course, you have to send a demand draft (drawn in favour of
IGNOU, New Delhi) of requisite amount to the Registrar, Student Evaluation
Division (SED) Division, New Delhi failing which your result of that course will not
be declared.
Early Declaration of Result

In order to facilitate learners who have secured admission for higher studies or got
selected for employment, etc. and are required to produce statement of
marks/grade cards by a specified date, the University provides for early

Home
declaration of result. The learner can apply for early processing of his/her answer
scripts and declaration of result. Such a student is required to apply in prescribed
form (available on the University website) along with i) fee of `. 1000/- per course
through demand draft drawn in favour of IGNOU and payable at New Delhi, and
ii) attested photocopy of the admission/employment offer. You must submit the
request for early declaration of result before the commencement of TEE that is,
before June 1st or December 1st for June and December TEE respectively. The
University in such cases will make arrangement for early processing of answer
scripts and declare the result as a special case possibly within a month’s time from
the conduct of examination.
Re-Evaluation of Examination Scripts
Students who are not satisfied with the marks/grade awarded to them in the TEE
may apply in prescribed form for re-evaluation within one month from the date of
declaration of results, i.e. the date on which results are made available on the
University website on payment of `. 750/- per course payable online. The better of
the two scores of original marks/grade and marks/grade after re-evaluation will be
considered and updated in the student’s record.
Re-evaluation is permissible in TEE only and not in practical, project report,
workshop, assignment, tutorials, seminar, etc. A sample application form with
rules and regulations for this purpose is available at the University’s website.
Improvement in Division/Class
Students of the Bachelor degree programme who have completed the programme
Home

and wish to improve their Division / Class may do so by appearing in TEE. Only
those students of the programme who fall short of less than 2% marks to secure
2nd and 1st division are eligible for re-examination.

24
Students may apply in the prescribed form from 1st to 30th April for June TEE
and from 1st to 31st October for December TEE along with a fee of `. 750/- per
course by means of a demand draft drawn in favour of IGNOU and payable at
New Delhi.
Improvement is permissible in TEE only and not in Practicals /Lab courses,
Project, Workshop, Assignment, Seminar, tutorials, etc.
Students wishing to improve their marks will have to apply within six-months
from the date of issue of final statement of marks/grade card to them, subject to
the condition that their registration for the programme/course being applied for
improvement, is valid till the next TEE in which they wish to appear for
improvement. Rules and regulations in detail for this purpose are available at the
University’s website.
Obtaining Photocopy of Answer Scripts: After the declaration of result, if the
learner is not satisfied with the marks awarded, he or she can request the
University for obtaining Photocopy of Answer Scripts on payment of `. 100/- per
course. The request for obtaining Photocopy of Answer Scripts by the student
must be made within 45 days from the date of declaration of result to the Student

Home
Evaluation Division, IGNOU, New Delhi in the prescribed format along- with a
fee of `. 100/- per course in the form of a Demand Draft in favour of IGNOU,
payable at New Delhi.
While communicating with the University regarding examinations, please
write your enrolment number and complete address clearly. In the absence of
such details, the Student Evaluation Division will not be able to attend to
your problems.

8. OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION

IGNOU Web Site: www.ignou.ac.in the official website of the University offers
relevant information to the general public and student support facilities to the learners
through the Single Window Information and Student Support (SWISS). These
include:

-Registration
-End Examination Form

apers/Forms
Home

g address
25
 -sheet

-GyanKosh: using this web site you can download your course material
and view video related to your courses.
Scholarships and Reimbursement of Fees: Reserved categories viz., scheduled
caste/scheduled tribe and learners with physical disability, have to pay the fees at the
time of admission to the University along with other students.

Learners with physical disability admitted to IGNOU are eligible for Government
of India scholarships. They are advised to collect the scholarship forms from the
Directorate of Social Welfare or Office of the Social Welfare Officer of the concerned
State Government and submit the filled-in forms to them through the concerned
Regional Director of IGNOU to SRD.

Similarly, for reimbursement of programme fees SC/ST students have to submit their
forms to the Directorate of the Social Welfare or Office of the Social Welfare Officer

Home
of the respective State Government through the concerned Regional Director of
IGNOU.

Change of Medium is permitted within 30 days from the receipt of first set of course
material in the first semester ONLY, on payment of `. 350/- plus `. 350/- per 4
credit course and `. 700/- per 6 credit course of the programme. Payment should be
made by way of a Demand Draft drawn in favour of “IGNOU” payable at the place
of concerned Regional Centre. All such requests for change of Medium should be
addressed to the concerned Regional Centre only, as per schedule.

Change or Correction of Address: There is a printed form for the

change/correction of address/name. A copy of the same is available online on the
university websites under Student Zone. In case there is any correction or change in
your address, you are directed to make use of that form addressed to the Registrar,
Student Registration Division (through concerned Regional Director). You are
advised not to write letters to any other officer in the University in this regard.
Normally, it takes four to six weeks to effect the change. Therefore, you are advised
to make your own arrangements to redirect the mail to the changed address during
this period.

Change of Study Centre: A student is required to opt for only such study centres
which are activated for the programme. As far as possible the university will allot
Home

the study centre opted for by the student. However, the university may change the
study centre at its convenience without concurrence of the student at any time.

For the purpose of change of Study Centre, you have to send a request to the
Director of your Regional Centre. A copy of the same may be sent to the Student
Evaluation Division at the headquarters.

26
Counselling facilities for a programme may not be available at all the Centres.
Therefore, you are advised to make sure that counselling facilities are available for
the programme you have chosen, at the new Centre opted for. As far as possible the
request for change of Study Centre is considered favourably. However, the
allotment of a new Study Centre is subject to availability of seats for the programme
at the new Centre asked for.

Change of Regional Centre: If you want to transfer from one region to another,
you have to send your application seeking transfer to the Regional Centre from
where you are seeking a transfer marking copies to the Regional Centre where you
would like to be transferred to. Further, you have to obtain a certificate from the
Coordinator of the Study Centre from where you are seeking transfer regarding the
number of assignments submitted. The Regional Director from where the learner is
seeking the transfer will transfer all records including details of fee payment to the
new Regional Centre under intimation to the Registrar, Student Registration
Division (SRD) and the learner as well. For change of Region in practical oriented
courses like Psychology, ‘No Objection Certificate’ has to be obtained from the
concerned Regional Centre/Study Centre where you wish to transfer. In case any
learner is keen for transfer from Army/Navy/ Air Force Regional Centre to any other
Regional Centre of the University during the cycle/session, he/she would have to pay
the fee-share money to the Regional Centre. In case the learner seeks transfer at the
beginning of the session/cycle, the required programme course fee for the
session/cycle shall be deposited at the Regional Centre. However, the transfer shall

Home
be subject to availability of seats wherever applicable.

Issue of Duplicate Grade Card/Mark sheet: A duplicate Grade Card is issued after
a request is made on the prescribed form along with a draft of `. 200/- to be paid in
favour of IGNOU, New Delhi. The form for the purpose is available on the IGNOU
website.

Issue of Duplicate Degree Certificate: A duplicate degree certificate can be issued

after a request is made on the prescribed form along with a demand draft of `. 750/-
in favour of IGNOU, New Delhi. The following documents are required to be
attached with the requests for issue of duplicate degree certificate:

1) Affidavit on non-judicial stamp paper of `. 10/-.

2) Copy of FIR lodged with the police station regarding loss of Degree Certificate.
3) Demand Draft/IPO for requisite fee.
The form and the format for the purpose is given on the University website.
Re-admission: If you are not able to complete the programme in a maximum of
6 years, the University has made a special provision for re-admission. You have to
Home

take the following two steps for re- admission:

a) Take admission afresh in the Programme like other students by fulfilling the
admission criteria and paying requisite fee for the Programme.

27
b) Apply to the University for the transfer of credits you have earned under the old
enrolment with applicable fee.

Full credit transfer may be allowed if the syllabus and methodology now in vogue are
similar to that governing the student under the old enrolment.

Simultaneous Registration: A learner is permitted to register for only one

programme in the given academic session. You are, therefore, advised to seek
admission to only one programme in the given academic session. However, you are
allowed to take a certificate programme of 6 months duration along with other
programmes. Violation of this rule will result in cancellation of admission to all the
programmes and forfeiture of the programme fees.

Migration Certificate: For Migration Certificate, requisition may be sent to the

Regional Director along with the following documents:

1) Application (can be obtained from the IGNOU website)

2) Attested copy of the marksheet.
3) Fee of `. 500/- in the form of demand draft drawn in favour of IGNOU payable

Home
at the city where the Regional Centre is located.

Refund of Fees: The refund request will be considered as under:

a) Before the last date for submission of admission form Programme fee will be
refunded after deduction of `. 200/-
b) Within 15 days from the last date for submission of admission form-
Programme fee will be refunded after deduction of `. 500/-
c) Within 30 days from the last date for submission of admission form-
Programme fee will be refunded after deduction of `. 1,000/-.
d) After 30 days from the closure of the last date- No refund will be allowed.
e) The last dates for submission of admission form will be considered separately
i.e. last date without late fee and last date with late fee. However, late fee, if
any, will not be refunded.
f) In cases of (a) to (c) above, the candidate will make a written request to the
Regional Director (RD) concerned for such a refund. The Regional Centre
Home

(RC) will process the cases as soon as possible after ascertaining the credit of
the same in IGNOU Accounts.

Disputes on Admission and other University Matters: The place of jurisdiction for
filing of a Suit, if necessary, will be only at New Delhi/Delhi.

28
9. SOME USEFUL ADDRESSES
During the course of your study you might require some additional information about
rules and regulations as well as how to resolve some of the issues in completing your
studies at IGNOU. You must know whom to contact for specific information. Here is a
list of addresses and contact numbers and emails of offices in the University to contact
for specific information or problem.

Identity Card, Fee receipt, Concerned Regional Centre

Bonafide Certificate,
Migration, Scholarship forms
Non-receipt of study material Material Production and Distribution Division
Schedule/information Asst. Registrar ( Exam-II), SED, Block-12,
regarding Exam form, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068
Entrance test, Date-sheet, E-mail: evaluationsed@ignou.ac.in
IGNOU Hall ticket Ph. 29536743, 29535924-32 / Extn-2202, 2209
Result, Re-evaluation, Grade Dy. Registrar ( Exam.III), SED, Block-12,
Card, Provisional Certificate, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, NewDelhi-110068
Early declaration of Result, E-mail sedgrievance@ignou.ac.in
Transcript Ph. 29536103,29535924-32/Extn. 2201, 2211,
1316
Non- reflection of Assignment Asst. Registrar (Assignment), SED, Block-3,
Grades/Marks Room No-12, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New
Delhi-110068
E-mail : assignments@ignou.ac.in
Ph. 29535924, Extn-1312, 1319, 1325
Original Degree/ Diploma/ Dy. Registrar ( Exam.I), SED, Block-9, IGNOU,
Verification of Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068
Degree/Diploma E-mail evaluationsed@ignou.ac.in
Ph.29535438, 29535924-32/Extn-2224, 2213
Student Grievances related to Asst. Registrar (Student Grievance), SED, Block-
evaluation 3, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068
E-mail sedgrievance@ignou.ac.in
Ph. 29532294, 29535924-32/Extn-1313
Academic Content Director of the School concerned
Student Support Services and Regional Director, Student Service Centre,
Student Grievances, Pre- IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068
admission inquiry of various E-mail ssc@ignou.ac.in
courses in IGNOU Ph. 29535714,29533869, 2953380
Fax-29533129

Most of the operations of the University are online. Wherever you are required
to submit a hard copy, the University has made available different application
Home

forms on its website. Download these forms from the Student Zone of the
University website.
29
 PART II
SYLLABI OF

Home
COURSES

30
 CORE COURSES

Understanding Political Theory (BPSC 101) 6 credits

This course provides basic understanding of political theory and helps the students to comprehend the key
concepts of the discipline in order to develop critical thinking. It is divided into three sections. Section I
introduces the students to the idea of political theory, its historical evolution and main approaches to study
it. This section also provides an insight into concepts of politics, state and power. Section II covers
approaches to political theory like Marxist, Feminist and Post-modern. The last section covers democracy
and related concepts like representation, accountability, participation, dissent and citizenship.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introducing Political Theory Unit 6 Feminist

Unit 1 What is Political Theory: Two Unit 7 Post–modern
Approaches- Normative and
Empirical Block 3 The Grammar of Democracy
Unit 2 What is Politics: Study of State and Unit 8 The Idea of Democracy
Power Unit 9 Democracy, Representation and
Accountability
Block 2 Approaches to Political Theory Unit 10 Representative Democracy and Its
Unit 3 Liberal Limits
Unit 4 Marxist Unit 11 Participation and Dissent
Unit 5 Conservative Unit 12 Democracy and Citizenship

Home
Perspectives on Public Administration (BPAC 101) 6 credits

The Course entitled ‘Perspectives on Public Administration’ explains the major approaches to Public
Administration, starting from the Classical Approaches to the Neo-Classical and then to the
Contemporary Approaches of Feminism and Post-Modernism.

In a bid to look for an alternative public administration paradigm, the course introduces the neglected
epistemes of knowledge such as Phenomology, Critical Thinking, Discourse Analysis, Deconstruction,
Deterritorialization, Gender Equality, Patriarchical Thought Patterns and Participation of Women in
Workforce.

SYLLABUS
Block 1 Conceptual and Classical Unit 6 Decision Making Approach
Perspectives Unit 7 Systems and Socio Psychological
Unit 1 Concept and Significance of Public Approach
Administration
Unit 2 Scientific Management Approach Block 3 Public Policy Perspectives
Unit 3 Administrative Management Unit 8 Public Policy Approach
Approach Unit 9 Policy Sciences Approach
Unit 4 The Bureaucratic Approach
Block 4 Political and Social Perspectives
Block 2 Behavioural and Psychological Unit 10 Ecological Approach
Perspectives Unit 11 New Public Administration
Unit 5 Human Relations Approach Approach

31
Unit 12 Public Choice Approach Unit 15 Good Governance
Unit 13 Public Interest Approach Unit 16 Postmodern Approach to Public
Administration
Block 5 Contemporary Perspectives Unit 17 Feministic Perspective of Public
Unit 14 New Public Management Approach Administration

Constitutional Government and Democracy 6 credits

in India (BPSC 102)
This course introduces students to certain aspects of constitutional government and democracy in India.
These aspects include democratic values enshrined in the Constitution and the provisions which explain
relationships among the citizens, between citizens and the state, and among different units of state – the
Union government, the state governments and the local governments, and among the organs of the state –
the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. Based on thematic unity, the units in this course have been
divided into three blocks. Block 1 is about Constituent Assembly and Constitution. The Block 2 deals
with Organs of Government. And Block 3 discusses Federalism and Decentralisation.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Constituent Assembly and Block 2 Organs of the Government

Constitution Unit 7 Legislature
Unit 1 The Making of the Constitution Unit 8 Executive
Unit 2 Philosophical Premises Unit 9 Judiciary
Unit 3 Preamble
Unit 4 Fundamental Rights Block 3 Federalism and Decentralization

Home
Unit 5 Directive Principles of the State Unit 10 Division of Powers
Policy Unit 11 Emergency Provisions
Unit 6 Fundamental Duties Unit 12 Fifth and Sixth Schedules
Unit 13 Local-Self Governments

Political Theory-Concepts and Debates (BPSC 103) 6 credits

This course gives an introduction to political theory covering main concepts and debates aimed at
developing analytical thinking. It is divided in two sections. Section A deals with the concepts of liberty,
equality, justice and rights. This section also highlights important issues like freedom of belief, expression
and dissent, affirmative action, climate change and environmental hazards and human trafficking. Section
B deals with major debates pertaining to law and civil disobedience, rights and universality and
multiculturalism and tolerance. These debates prompt us to consider that there is no settled way of
understanding concepts and new insights and challenges help in understanding new political debates.

SYLLABUS

Section A Core Concepts

Block 2 Equality
Block 1 Liberty Unit 4 Equality before Law and Equality of
Unit 1 Liberty –as absence of external Opportunity
intervention Unit 5 Equality: Sameness and Difference
Unit 2 Liberty –as self determination Unit 6 Differential Treatment and Equality
Unit 3 Alienation, Oppression and Freedom of Outcomes
(Important Issue: Freedom of belief, (Important Issue: Affirmative action)
expression and dissent)
32
Block 3 Justice Unit 12 Rights and Obligations
Unit 7 Justice as Fairness (Distributive (Important Issue: Human Trafficking)
Justice)
Unit 8 Idea of Just Desert Section B Major Debates
Unit 9 Justice in a Global Context
(Important Issue: Climate Change Unit 13 Law and Civil Disobedience (When
and Environmental Hazards) is resistance justified?)
Unit 14 Rights and Universality (Are Human
Block 4 Rights Rights Universal?)
Unit 10 The Idea of Rights: Entitlements and Unit 15 Multiculturalism and Tolerance
Boundaries (How do we accommodate diversity
Unit 11 Bases of Rights: Legal, Moral and in plural society?)
Natural

Political Process in India (BPSC 104) 6 credits

This course deals with political process in India. It covers some issues such party politics and voting
behaviour; identity politics of the regions, religion and caste; and social justice. The course has six blocks
and fourteen units. Block 1 discusses significance and relevance of political parties in Indian democracy.
Block 2 deals with multiple factors that determine voting behaviour. Block 3 is about with political
movements for regional aspirations which assume forms of autonomy movements, insurgency or
mobilization for separate states. Block 4 is concerned with relationship between religion and politics.
Block 5 discusses the role of the caste in politics - caste organizations and political formations of castes.
Unit 6 is about social justice or affirmative action through reservation and development.

Home
SYLLABUS

Block 1 Political Parties and Party System Unit 8 Movements for Separate Statehood
Unit 1 Political Parties, Party systems and
Democracy Block 4 Religion and Politics
Unit 2 Political Parties in India Unit 9 Secularism
Unit 3 Party systems in India Unit 10 Communalism

Block 2 Determinants of Voting Behaviour Block 5 Caste and Politics

Unit 4 Caste, Class, Gender and Tribes Unit 11 Caste Organizations and Political
Unit 5 Ethnicity, Religion and Language Formations
Unit 12 Caste and Politics
Block 3 Regional Aspirations and
Movements Block 6 Affirmative Action
Unit 6 Autonomy Movements Unit 13 Reservation
Unit 7 Insurgency Unit 14 Development

Introduction to Comparative Government (BPSC 105) 6 credits

and Politics
Comparison is probably the oldest and most widely used method of acquiring scientific knowledge about
any phenomena. Over a period of time, the comparative method has acquired great rigour and
sophistication. This introductory course in Comparative Government and Politics is intended to
familiarise you with the basic concepts and approaches to the study of comparative politics. The course
examines politics in a historical framework while engaging with various themes of comparative analysis
in developed and developing countries such as Britain, Brazil, Nigeria and China.

33
 SYLLABUS

Block 1 Understanding Comparative Unit 7 Socialism and the Working of the

Politics Socialist State
Unit 1 Nature, Scope and Utility of Unit 8 Decolonization and the State in the
Comparative Study of Politics Developing World
Unit 2 Comparative Method and Strategies
of Comparison Block 3 Themes for Comparative Analysis
Unit 3 Institutional Approach Unit 9 Parliamentary Supremacy and Rule
Unit 4 Systems Approach of Law in UK
Unit 5 Political Economy Approach Unit 10 Dependency and Development in
Brazil
Block2 Context of Modern Governments Unit 11 Comparative Perspective on
Unit 6 Capitalism and the Idea of Liberal Federalism Brazil and Nigeria
Democracy Unit 12 Role of Communist Party in China

Perspectives on International Relations and (BPSC 107) 6 credits

Home
World History
This course seeks to equip students with the basic intellectual tools for understanding International
Relations. It introduces the learners to some of the most important theoretical approaches for studying
international relations. It also introduces major events and developments that have shaped the
contemporary international system. The course also brings out the implicit Euro-centrism of International
Relations by highlighting certain specific perspectives from the Global South.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Studying International Relations Unit 7 Classical Realism & Neo-Realism

Unit 1 Understanding International Unit 8 Liberalism & Neoliberalism
Relations Unit 9 Marxist Approaches
Unit 2 Evolution of the International System Unit 10 Feminist Perspectives
Unit 11 Eurocentrism and Perspectives from
Block 2 Historical Perspectives the Global South
Unit 3 World War I: Causes and
Consequences Block 4 Contemporary International
Unit 4 Significance of the Bolshevik Relations
Revolution Unit 12 Cold War: Different Phases
Unit 5 Rise of Fascism and Nazism Unit 13 Anti Colonial Movements and
Unit 6 World War II: Causes and Decolonisation
Consequences Unit 14 End of the Cold War: Emergence of
Global Order/Disorder
Block 3 Theoretical Perspectives Unit 15 Changing Nature of the UN System

Public Policy and Administration in India (BPAC108) 6 credits

The course provides an introduction to the interface between public policy and administration in India.
The essence of public policy lies in its effectiveness in translating the governing philosophy into
programmes and policies and making it a part of the community living. It equips the learners with the
concept of public policy; various models of public policy; formulation and implementation of public
policy in India. It deals with issues of decentralization, financial management, citizens and administration,
etc. The Course familiarises the students with the concept and approaches of Social Welfare and Social

34
Welfare Policies besides Education Policy, Health Policy, Food Policy, Employment Policy and
Environment Policy.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Public Policy Unit 7 Citizen and Administration Interface-

Unit 1 Public Policy: Definitions, Nature, I-Public Service Delivery and
Significance and Types Redressal of Public Grievances
Unit 2 Public Policy: Models Unit 8 Citizen and Administration Interface-
Unit 3 Public Policy Process in India: II-RTI, Lokpal, Citizens’ Charter and
Formulation and Implementation. E-Governance.

Block 2 Decentralisation Block 5 Social Welfare Administrations

Unit 4 Decentralisation: Meaning and Unit 9 Social Welfare: Concept,
Significance; Rural and Urban Local Approaches and Policies
Self-Governance Unit 10 Education Policy and Right to
Education
Block 3 Budget Unit 11 Health Policy and National Health
Unit 5 Concept and Significance of Budget Mission
and Budget Cycle in India Unit 12 Food Policy and Right to Food
Unit 6 Budgeting: Types and Approaches Security
Unit 13 Employment Policy MNREGA
Block 4 Citizens and Administration Unit 14 Environmental Policy
Interface

Home
Political Processes and Institutions in (BPSC 109) 6 credits
Comparative Perspective
This course seeks to acquaint the learner with the application of comparative methods to the study of
political processes and institutions. In addition to introducing some of the new approaches in the study of
comparative politics, the course examines the evolution and dynamics of key institutions and processes
such as the nation-state, patterns of representation and participation, democratisation, decentralisation and
federal processes in a comparative perspective, drawing examples from both the developed and
developing countries.
SYLLABUS

Block1 Approaches to Studying Unit 8 Evolution of State in Western Europe

Comparative Politics Unit 9 Post Colonial State
Unit 1 Political Culture Unit 10 Pluralism, Nation and State
Unit 2 Political Modernisation
Unit 3 Political Development Block 4 Democratization
Unit 10 Process of Democratization in
Block2 Representation and Political Postcolonial Countries
Participation Unit 11 Democratization in Post-authoritarian
Unit 4 Functioning of the Political Parties and Post-Communist Countries
Unit 5 Party Systems
Unit 6 Pressure Groups Block 5 Federalism and Decentralisation
Unit 7 Electoral Systems and Electoral Unit 12 Decentralization (Brazil, India and
Processes Britain)
Unit 13 Federalism (Canada, Australia and
Block3 State in Comparative Perspective India)

35
Global Politics (BPSC 110) 6 credits

This course offers a comprehensive overview of the changing structure of the global order, and the impact
of various dimensions of globalisation on politics among and within countries. It introduces the key
debates on the meaning and nature of globalization by addressing its political, economic, social, cultural
and technological dimensions. In keeping with the most important debates within the globalization
discourse, it imparts an understanding of the working of the world economy, its anchors and resistances
offered by global social movements while analysing the changing nature of relationship between the state
and trans-national actors and networks. Some of the key contemporary global issues are examined in
detail before analyzing the global shifts in power and governance.

SYLLABUS

Block 2 Contemporary Global Issues

Block 1 Globalization: Conceptions and Unit 7 Global Politics of Environment
Perspectives Unit 8 Challenges of the Proliferation of
Unit 1 Understanding Globalization Weapons of Mass Destruction
Unit 2 State Sovereignty and Jurisdiction Unit 9 Non-Traditional Security Threats
Unit 3 Global Economy and Financial Unit 10 Refugees and Migration
Architecture (IMF, World Bank,) Unit 11 Human Security
Unit 4 Global Trading System (WTO and
Others) Block 3 Global Shifts: Power and
Unit 5 Working of MNCs and TNCs Governance
Unit 6 Globalization-Cultural and Unit 12 Global Resistances (Global Social
Technological Dimensions Movements and NGOs)
Unit 13 Alternative Perspectives on
Globalization

Home
Classical Political Philosophy (BPSC 111) 6 credits

This course introduces some of the greatest writings in the western political philosophy. It highlights
ancient Greek political ideas and the manner in which the political questions were first posed. Classical
thinkers, Plato and Aristotle are discussed followed by Machiavelli who comes as an interlude
inaugurating modern politics. They are followed by social contract theorists, Hobbes and Locke. This is
basic foundation course for the students.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 (Presentation T hemes: Classification

Unit 1 Text and Context: Reading and of governments, manas Zoon
Interpreting a Text Politikon)

Block 2 Plato Block 4 Machiavelli

Unit 2 Theory of Forms and the Idea of Unit 7 Politics and Morality
Philosopher King Unit 8 Republicanism
Unit 3 Justice (Presentation Themes: Morality and
Unit 4 Education Statecraft, Virtu)
(Presentation Themes: Critique of
Democracy, Women and Block 5 Hobbes
Guardianship, E d u c a t i o n , Unit 9 Social Contract
Censorship) Unit 10 Sovereignty
(Presentation T hemes: State of
Block 3 Aristotle Nature, Leviathan, Atomistic
Unit 5 State and Good Life (Endaemonia) Individuals)
Unit 6 Citizenship and The Rule of Law

36
Block 6 Locke Unit 12 Idea of Toleration
Unit 10 Natural Rights (Presentation themes: Natural Rights,
Unit 11 Constitutionalism and Limited Right to Dissent, Justification of
Government Property)

Indian Political Thought –I (BPSC 112) 6 credits

This course introduces classical elements of Indian Political Thought that spans over two millennia. A
number of Indian thinkers have articulated their views on politics and political institutions. The first
section covers traditions of the pre-Colonial Indian political thought, Brahmanic, Sramanic, Islamic and
Bhakti. The second section deals with individual thinkers whose ideas are however, framed by specific
themes. The course provides a sense of the broad streams of Indian thought while encouraging a specific
knowledge of individual thinkers and texts.
SYLLABUS

Block 1 Traditions of the Pre-Colonial Unit 8 Kautilya Mandala Theory

Indian Political Thought Unit 9 Digha Nikaya The Idea of
Unit 1 Brahmanic Chakravartin
Unit 2 Sramanic Unit 10 Zia –Ul –Barani Royal Authority
Unit 3 Islamic and Just Rule
Unit 4 Bhakti Unit 11 Abul Fazal Monarchical Authority
and Popular Well being
Block 2 Political Concerns and Key Ideas Unit 12 Akka Mahadevi Critique of Social
Unit 5 Ved Vyasa Rajdharma (Shantiparva) Order
Unit 6 Manu Social Order and Laws Unit 13 Kabir Religious Boundaries and the
Unit 7 Kautilya State and Duties of Quest for Social Harmony
Kingship

Modern Political Philosophy (BPSC 113) 6 credits

Home
This course explores the convergence between philosophy and politics by exposing the students to
questions in politics that have implications for larger issues of thought and existence. The first section
deals with the idea of modernity and rationality. The second section deals with important modern Western
thinkers like Rousseau, Mary Wollstonecraft, J S Mill, Karl Marx and Alexandra Kollontai.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introduction
Unit 1 Enlightenment Rationality and the Block 4 Johan Stuart Mill
Idea of Modernity Unit 7 Liberty and Individualism
Unit 8 Suffrage and the Rights of Women
Block 2 Jean Jacques Rousseau Unit 9 The Principle of Utility
Unit 2 State of Nature and the ‘Noble
Savage’ Block 5 Karl Marx
Unit 3 General Will and Self Government Unit 10 Historical Materialism
Unit 4 Critique of Liberal Education Unit 11 Class and Class Struggle
Unit 12 Capitalism and Exploitation
Block 3 Mary Wollstonecraft
Unit 5 Rights of Women Block 6 Alexandra Kollontai
Unit 6 Critique of Rousseau’s Idea of Unit 13 Socialisation of Housework
Education
37
Indian Political Thought –II (BPSC 114) 6 credits

This course introduces some of the general themes that have been produced by modern Indian thinkers
from varied social and temporal contexts. It introduces a wide span of thinkers and themes that define the
modernity of Indian political thought. The first section traces genesis and salience of Modern Indian
Political Thought. In the second section, important themes like modernity, tradition, nation and
community are discussed with reference to thinkers like Rammohan Roy, Swami Vivekananda, Mahatma
Gandhi, B R Ambedkar and Jawaharlal Nehru.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introduction to Modern Indian

Political Thought Block 4 Imaginaries of the Nation and the
Unit 1 Genesis and Salient Features of World
Modern Indian Political Thought Unit 5 Dr.B.R. Ambedkar: Constitutional
D e mo c r a c y a n d Social Justice
Block2 Encounter With Modernity and Unit 6 Rabindranath Tagore: Nationalism
The Question of Reforms and Cosmopolitanism
Unit 2 Rammohan Roy: Social Reform and Unit 7 Jawaharlal Nehru: State, Nation
Affirmation of the Modern Building and Secularism
Unit 3 Pandita Ramabai: Women and Unit 8 Ram Manohar Lohiya: Socialist
Religions Authority Democracy
Unit 9 M.N. Roy: Radical Humanism
Block3 Engagement with Tradition

Home
Unit 4 Swami Vivekananda: Reclaiming Block 5Community and Nation
Tradition and the Idea of Self-Nar Unit 10 Mohammed Iqbal: Community,
Narayan Religion and Modernity
Unit 5 M.K. Gandhi: Critique of Tradition Unit 11 V.D. Savarkar: Hindutva
and the Idea of Swaraj

38
 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVES

Gandhi and the Contemporary World (BPSE 141) 6 credits

Mahatma Gandhi remains one of the most influential political activists and thinkers in modern times. This
course charts Gandhi's career against the background of events of national importance bringing out his
major political ideas and concerns. Was he really an anti-modernist? Did he offer an alternative model of
Indian authenticity, potentially outside the violence of modernity? These are some of the questions that
the course addresses while analysing the practical application of his ideas and techniques. It contextualises
Gandhi’s ideas and approach within a broader canvass of contemporary challenges for social harmony,
empowerment and education. Ethical and moral issues which are inextricably linked to Gandhian
philosophy are engaged and debated throughout the course.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introducing Gandhi

Unit 1 Gandhi: Life and Times Block 3 Gandhi’s Legacies
Unit 2 Gandhi’s Conception of Modern Unit 8 Non –Violent Movements
Civilisation and Alternative Unit 9 Pacifist Movements
Modernity Unit 10 Women’s Movements
Unit 3 Gandhi’s Critique of Development Unit 11 Environmental Movements

Block 2 Gandhi’s Political Concerns and Block 4 Gandhi and Contemporary

Ideas Challenges
Unit 4 Swaraj Unit 12 Social Harmony
Unit 5 Swadeshi Unit 13 Education
Unit 6 Satyagraha Unit 14 Ethics and Morality

Home
Unit 7 Trusteeship

India’s Foreign Policy in a Globalising World (BPSE 142) 6 credits

This course offers a broad overview of the evolution and dynamics of India’s foreign policy since
independence. It brings out the role of formal and informal actors; objective (real-structural) and
subjective (identity-related) factors in shaping India’s foreign policy. The complex dynamics of India’s
rise as an actor on international stage are analysed by focusing on the major determinants of its foreign
policy at the bilateral, regional and global levels. It highlights the core realities, issues, and security
concerns, traditional and non-traditional, pertaining to India’s foreign policy in the 21st century.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introduction Unit 5 India’s Policy towards USA

Unit 1 Evolution of India’s Foreign Policy Unit 6 India’s Policy towards Russia
Unit 2 Determinants of India’s Foreign Unit 7 India’s Policy towards China
Policy
Unit 3 Principles and Objectives of India’s Block 3 India’s South Asia Policy
Foreign Policy Unit 8 India’s Policy towards Pakistan
Unit 4 Making of India’s Foreign Policy: Unit 9 India Policy towards other
Institutions and Mechanisms Neighbours

Block 2 India’s Policy towards Major Block 4 India and the Regions
Powers Unit 10 India’s Act East Policy
39
Unit 11 India and Central Asia and West Asia World
Unit 12 India’s Policy towards Africa and Unit 13 Security Concerns
Latin America Unit 14 Environmental Concerns
Unit 15 Economic Concerns
Block 5 India’s Concerns in the Globalising

State Politics in India (BPSE 143) 6 credits

This course focuses on the major trends in politics at the levels of states in India. The course is divided
into five blocks based on thematic unity. Units in the introductory block trace the development and state
politics in India and approached to explain state politics in India. Units in block 2 are about different
aspects federalism in India. Block 3 deals with relationships between politics and development in states.
Block 4 is about the party politics, electoral politics and leadership in states in India. Block 5 deals with
various politics in Indian states with reference to multiple identities.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introduction Unit 7 State Development Models

Unit 1 Development of State Politics in Unit 8 Migration
India
Unit 2 Approaches to the Study State Block 4 Party Systems and Electoral
Politics Politics
Unit 9 State Party Systems
Block 2 Federalism Unit 10 Electoral Politics
Unit 3 Union-State Relations: Legislative, Unit 11 Leadership
Economic and Administrative
Unit 4 State-Local Relations Block 5 Identity Politics
Unit 5 State Autonomy Unit 12 Dalits, OBCs and Women
Unit 6 Sub-Regional Autonomy and Unit 13 Linguistic and Ethnic Groups
Governance Unit 14 Regions and Tribes
Unit 15 New Social Groups
Block 3 Development and State Politics

Introduction to South Asia (BPSE 144) 6 credits

Home
The countries of South Asia have common historical experiences, cultural attributes and identical
problems of political, social and economic development. Yet each country of the region has its individual
identity and has evolved unique political structures. This course introduces South Asia region- its core
features, history and political regimes in a comparative framework. It also focuses on the major issues of
development, the areas of tension in inter-state relations in the region and the strategies deployed to tackle
these challenges.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 South Asia: An Introduction Unit 4 Political Structures and Processes in

Unit 1 South Asia as a Region India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
Unit 2 Struggle for Independence and Unit 5 Political Structures and Processes in
Nationalism in South Asia Sri Lanka and the Maldives
Unit 6 Political Structures and Processes in
Block2 Society and Polity in South Asia Afghanistan, Bhutan and Nepal
Unit 3 Diversity and Pluralism in South
Asia Block 3 Issues in Development
40
Unit 7 Human Development and Regional Unit 10 Armed Conflicts in South Asia
Imbalances in South Asia Unit 11 Territorial Disputes
Unit 8 Migration and Development Unit 12 Waters Disputes and Water Sharing
Unit 9 Environment and Development Unit 13 Civil Society in South Asia
Unit 14 SAARC
Block4 Conflict and Cooperation in South Unit 15 Dynamics of South Asian Security
Asia

Democracy and Development in Northeast India (BPSE 145) 6 credits

Eight states situated in northeast India occupy a crucial place in India. They represent cultural and ethnic
diversity. They also have special provisions in our constitution aiming to protect and preserve their
cultural and ethnic identities. The aim of this course is to introduce students to some important issues
relating to politics in general, identities, party politics and electoral politics, social movements and
development in northeast India. These issues have been covered in sixteen units which are grouped into
six blocks. This course will help students to develop a comprehensive and comparative understanding
politics in India.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Introduction Unit 9 Ethnicity and Politics of recognition

Unit 1 Making of the Region
Unit 2 Socio-Cultural and Ethnic profile of Block4 Party Politics and Elections
the region Unit 10 Political Parties and Party System
Unit 3 Economic profile of the region
Block5 New Social Movements
Block2 Constitutional Provisions and Unit 11 Students’ Movements
Governance Unit 12 Women’s Movements
Unit 4 Constituent Assembly Debates Unit 13 Environment Movement
Unit 5 Special Provisions for the Northeast Unit 14 Human Rights Movements
Unit 6 Regional and District Councils
Block6 Development
Block3 Identity Politics Unit 15 Social and Human Development
Unit 7 Migration, Refugee and Citizenship Unit 16 Economic Development

Home
Unit 8 Autonomy Movements

Conflict Resolution and Peace Building (BPSE 146) 6 credits

Designed to introduce the learners to the basics of the peace and conflict studies, the course analyses a
variety of conflicts at all levels, from personal to global to bring out the sources and typology of conflicts.
It then proceeds to introduce the learner to the various options for nonviolent responses to prevent and
resolve violent conflicts and ensure sustainable post-conflict transformation. Going beyond insights into
the dynamics of conflict and related theories, the course introduces the learner to ways of managing and
resolving conflicts and building peace. Major peace initiative models of Gandhi inspired world leaders:
King, Mandela, Sharp, Bhave and JP are analyzed and their viability in contemporary time is examined.

SYLLABUS
Block 1 Conflict: Theoretical Constructs
Unit 1 Meaning and Concept of Conflict Block2 Conflict Management
Unit 2 Sources of Conflict Unit 5 Methods of Conflict Resolution
Unit 3 Types and Levels of Conflict Unit 6 Role of Government and Civil
Unit 4 Theories of Conflict Society
41
Unit 7 Role of International and Trans– Unit 10 Post–Conflict Construction and
National Institutions Rehabilitation (Case Studies –Local,
Sub –National and International)
Block3 Peace Building
Unit 8 Meaning and Significance Block4 Contemporary Peace Initiatives
Unit 9 Approaches Unit 11 Inter –Faith Dialogue
Unit 12 Peace Initiative Models (King,
Mandela, Sharp, Bhave and JP)

ABILITY ENHANCEMENT COMPULSORY COURSES

Environment Studies (BEVAE 181) 4 Credits

Earth is the only known planet in the solar system that supports life. Despite the vastness of the earth,
life exists only in a very thin layer enveloping the earth called biosphere. Sun is the only source of
energy which enables continuous interaction among various life forms. For a long period of time,
there has been a symbiotic relationship between human being and nature. Due to excessive human
interference and unsustainable practices, millions of people’s life and livelihoods and other living
organisms on the earth are at risk. These environmental issues have now become common problems
and shared responsibility of each individual on the earth to act judiciously to reverse these negative
impacts. Therefore, there has been a growing need to create awareness amongst all the stakeholders.
Keeping this in view, Environmental Study is being introduced as a compulsory course for all the
learners at under-Graduate level.
SYLLABUS

Block 4 Protecting our Environment:

Block 1 An Introduction to Environment Policies and Practices
and Environmental Issues Unit 12 Environmental Legislation
Unit 1 Our Environment Unit 13 Human Communities and
Unit 2 Ecosystems Environment
Unit 3 Major Ecosystems Unit 14 Environmental Ethics

Block 2 Natural Resources TMA-Based on Field Work- Report of be

Unit 4 Land and Water submitted – 5 hours
Unit 5 Forest Resources
Unit 6 Biodiversity: Value and Services  Visit to an area to document environmental
Unit 7 Energy Resources assets: river/forest/ flora/ fauna etc. Home
 Visit to a local polluted site- Urban/ Rural /
Block 3 Environmental Issues and
Industrial/ Agricultural
Concerns
Unit 8 Biodiversity: Threats and  Study of common plants, insects, birds and
Conservation basic principles of identification
Unit 9 Environmental Pollution and  Study of simple ecosystems-pond, river,
Hazard Delhi Ridge, etc.
Unit 10 Waste Management
Unit 11 Global Environmental Issues

42
 English Communication Skills (BEGAE 182) 4 credits
English Communication Skills is of 4 credits and has 3 Blocks and 11 Units. Communication involves
both verbal and non-verbal communication. In this Course we give you an understanding of the
communication process, the barriers to it, the skills involved in communication i.e. listening, speaking,
reading and writing in both formal and informal contexts. We discuss the differences between spoken
and written forms of the language and make you sensitive to conversational skills which include to a
large extent, body language.

HINDI

fganh Hkk’kk vkS j laiz ’s k.k (BHDAE 182) 4 credits

bl ikB~;Øe esa fganh Hkk’kk vkSj laizs ’k.k ls lacfa /kr fcanqvksa dk v/;;u djk;k tk,xkA ;g ikB~;Øe
4 Øs Fmv dk gSA bl ikB~;Øe eas fganh Hkk’kk vkSj laizs’k.k ls lacaf/kr fuEufyf[kr fcanqvksa dks “kkfey
fd;k x;k gS % fganh Hkk’kk dk fodkl] Hkk’kk dh ifjHkk’kk] izÑfr ,oa fofo/k :i( fganh Hkk’kk dh
fo”ks’krk,¡ % fØ;k] foHkfDr] loZuke] fo”ks’k.k ,oa vO;; lac/a khA fganh dh o.kZ &O;oLFkk % Loj ,oa
O;atuA Loj ds izdkj &âLo] nh?kZ rFkk la;qDrA O;atu ds izdkj&Li”kZ] vUrLFk] Å’e] vYiiz k.k]
egkizk.k] ?kks’k rFkk v?kks’kA oxksZ a dk mPpkj.k LFkku d.B~;] rkyO;] ew)ZU;] nUR;] vks’B~; rFkk
nUrks’B~;A cyk?kkr] la xe] vuqrku rFkk laf/kA Hkk’kk laiz s’k.k ds pj.k% Jo.k] vfHkO;fDr] okpu rFkk

Home
ys[kuA fganh okD; jpuk] okD; vkSj miokD;A okD; HksnA okD; dk :ikUrjA

SKILL ENHANCEMENT COURSES

ANTHROPOLOGY
Tourism Anthropology (BANS 183) 4 Credits

In the industrial sector today tourism is the fastest growing. Human beings with their innate curosity and
the urge to know what lies beyond their immediate horizons have ventured to far off places since time
immemorial. Tourism is intrinsic to human desire to travel and explore thus, every human being at one
point of time or the other has explored as a tourist, be it going on a short vacation, pilgrimage etc.
Tourism affects not only the lives of the people who visit places as a tourist but also has a huge impact on
the spaces visited that is the host communities their social and economic lives, the natural environment,
artistic productions and so on. Thus, anthropology is intricately associated with tourism.

In this course we will try to understand the anthropology of tourism and tourists. It’s development through
an anthropological lens to understand the commodification of culture owing to tourism. The course will
also take into account the tangible and intangible hertiages and the new emerging avenues in the field of
tourism anthropology.
SYLLABUS

Block 1 Understanding Tourism Unit 6 Political Economy of Tourism

Unit 1 Introduction to Tourism Unit 7 Tourism versus Heritage Sites
Unit 2 Tourist and Tourism Unit 8 Tangible and Intangible Heritage
Unit 3 Tourism through anthropological lens Unit 9 Ecotourism
Unit 4 Tourism and Culture Unit 10 New Directions in the Anthropology of
Unit 5 Commodification of Culture Tourism
Block 2 Emerging Trends In Anthropology
and Tourism
43
Techniques of Ethnographic Film Making (BSOS 184) 4 credits
This course focuses on doing sociology and social anthropology through forms other than written; in
particular, the oral, aural, and the visual. It introduces students to film techniques as a form and method
of description and argument and enables a comparison between film and the written mode as
ethnography. One concern that may be pursued is how the visually challenged encounter, experience and
represent the field. The course will be conducted through group work enabling a learning process among
the visually challenged.

SYLLABUS
Block 1 Introduction to Sociological and Anthropological Filmmaking
Unit 1 Sociology, Anthropology and Filmmaking: The Text and the Image
Unit 2 Different Modes of Filmmaking
Block 2 Understanding the use of Camera in Social
Research
Unit 3 The Filmmaker and the Filmed: Relationship and understanding ‘ethics’
Unit 4 Editing and Construction of Meaning
Unit 5 Understanding multiple shots and camera movement
Unit 6 Tools for Film Editing
Block 3 Filming Oral testimonies, Interviews and Interaction: Case

Home
Studies
Unit 7 Final Film Projects

GENERIC ELECTIVES

Indian Society: Images and Realities (BSOG 171) 6 credits

This course seeks to provide an interdisciplinary introduction to Indian society.

SYLLABUS

Block 1 Ideas of India Unit 7 Caste and Class

Unit 1 Civilisation and Culture Unit 8 Tribe and Ethnicity
Unit 2 India as Colony Unit 9 Familiy and Marriage
Unit 3 Nation, State and So ciety Unit 10 Kinship
Block 2 Institutions and Processes Block 3 Critiques
Unit 4 Village India Unit 11 Class, Power and Inequality
Unit 5 Urban India Unit 12 Resistance and Protest
Unit 6 Language and Religion

Gender Sensitization: Society and Culture (BGDG 172) 6 credits

The discipline/ field/areas of Women’s and Gender Studies and Gender and Development Studies are
the most debated in the contemporary world. It has inter-linkages with society and culture that determines
gender discourse from historical to contemporary time. However, feminists offer a critical inquiry of the
intersections of culture and society with gender. Further, they sharply pointed out that how patriarchy
regulates through culture and society and retains its multifaceted forms via gendered roles, socialization
and so on. They also argue that the constructed notions of gender, gender binaries based on

44
sex/gender/public/private dichotomy and soon need to be critically engaged. The society and culture
changes as the civilized society move on to progress. This progress can be measured through indicators
and goals. The State formulates and implements number policies to achieve progress in the socio-
economic areas. While, State deals with its complexities of its institutions, a number of categories play
important roles. For instance, laws, media, labor, education, health sectors, etc. Still today, we witness
huge violence, discrimination and subjugation against women, other gendered categories and all
oppressed and marginal people.
After reading this Course, you should be able to:
Build understanding of women’s status and condition in our society;
Raise the fundamental question that revolve around the core debates between each of the
categories (laws, media, work and health etc.), and gender;
Interrogate its role with society and culture; and

Home
Focus ways and means to sensitize society on gender issues.

SYLLABUS
Block 4 Health and Gender
Block 1 Conceptualizing Gender
Unit 9 Reproductive Health and Rights
Unit 1 Understanding Gender and Related
Unit 10 Gender and Disability
Concepts
Unit 2 Gender and Sexualities
Block 5 Gender, Law and Society
Unit 3 Masculinities
Unit 11 Gendered Based Violence
Unit 4 Gender in Everyday Life
Unit 12 Sexual Harassment at
Block 2 Gender and Family Workplace
Unit 5 Family and Marriage
Unit 6 Motherhood Block 6 Gender, Representation and
Media
Block 3 Gender and Work Unit 13 Language and Gender
Unit 7 Gendering Work Unit 14 Gender and Media
Unit 8 Gender Issues in Work and Labour Unit 15 Reading and Visualizing Gender
Market

Rethinking Development (BSOG 173) 6 credits

This course examines the ideas of development from a sociological perspective. It introduces students to
different approaches to understanding development and traces the trajectory of Indian experience with
development from an interdisciplinary perspective.

SYLLABUS
Block 1 Unpacking Development Unit 8 Environmental Perspective
Unit 1 Understanding Development Unit 9 Feminist Perspective
Unit 2 Factors and Instruments of Block 3 Developmental Regimes in India
Development Unit 10 Capitalism, Socialism and Mixed
Unit 3 Developed, Developing and Economy
Underdeveloped Unit 11 Development as Freedom
Block 2 Theorising Development
Unit 4 Modernisation, Urbanisation and Block 4 Issues in Development Praxis
Industrialisation Unit 12 Development, Migration and
Unit 5 Perspectives on Development Displacement
Unit 6 World System Theory Unit 13 Livelihood and Sustainability
Unit 7 Human and Social Perspective Unit 14 Grassroots Initiatives

45
Sustainable Development (BPAG 174) 6 Credits
The Course attempts to examine the challenges of balancing development and environment. The
objective of the Course is to explain the major components of Sustainable Development by underlining
its meaning, nature and scope. It brings home the point that it is not possible to develop, if we are
disregardful of what is left behind for our future progeny. The Course examines the goals of Sustainable
Development and discusses the role of Global Commons and Climate Change. The specific feature of the
Course is its focus on the relationship between Sustainable Development and Developmental Goals as
well as alternative ways of Resource Generation and Capacity Enhancement.
SYLLABUS
Block 1 Concept of Sustainable Block 3 Health, Education and Food
Development Security
Unit 1 Meaning, Nature and Scope of Unit 8 Relationship between Sustainable
Sustainable Development Development and Food Security
Unit 2 Major Components of Sustainable Unit 9 Role of Green and Converging
Development Technologies toward Health, Sanitation and
Unit 3 Approaches to Sustainable Food Security
Development Unit 10 Role of Education in Sustainable
Unit 4 Goals of Sustainable Development Development
Block 2 Development, Sustainability and Block 4 Sustainable Development: A

Home
Climate Change Way Forward
Unit 5 Concept of Global Commons and
Climate Change Unit 11 Role of Policy Innovations in
Unit 6 International Conventions on Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development Unit 12 Recognition of Ecological limits
Unit 7 Interrelationship among of Equity and Justice
Development, Sustainability and Climate Unit 13 Alternative ways of Resource
Change: Case for Differentiated Generation and Capacity Enhancement
Responsibilities

46